Marine Turtle Newsletter Issue Number 132 January 2012
Carcass of a large female leatherback turtle found on the beach on the eastern coastline of Hormozgan Province in April 2010, see pages 5-6 (photo: M. Barmoodeh).
Articles Mitochondrial DNA Variation in Hawksbill Turtles Nesting on Ishigaki Island, Japan...... H Nishizawa et al. Description of mtDNA Markers of Loggerhead Turtles from Caribbean Colombia...... C Franco-Espinosa & J Hernández-Fernández Records of the Leatherback from the Iranian Coast of the Gulf of Oman...... M Rezaie-Atagholipour & M Barmoodeh Capture of Green Sea Turtles in Fish Weirs off the Coast of Piauí, Northeastern Brazil...... ACG Mai et al. Notes on the Spatial Distribution and Foraging Behavior of Green Turtles at the Fernando de Noronha Archipelago, Northeastern Brazil...... HM Gitirana & AT Souza Digenetic Trematodes of Dermochelys coriacea From the Southwestern Atlantic Ocean...... MR Werneck et al. Leatherback Turtle Nesting in the Autonomous Region of Bougainville, Papua New Guinea...... J Kinch et al.
Announcements Recent Publications (2011 inclusive)
Marine Turtle Newsletter No. 132, 2012 - Page 1 ISSN 0839-7708 Editors: Managing Editor:
Kelly R. Stewart Matthew H. Godfrey Michael S. Coyne NOAA-National Marine Fisheries Service NC Sea Turtle Project SEATURTLE.ORG Southwest Fisheries Science Center NC Wildlife Resources Commission 1 Southampton Place 3333 N. Torrey Pines Ct. 1507 Ann St. Durham, NC 27705, USA La Jolla, California 92037 USA Beaufort, NC 28516 USA
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Brendan J. Godley & Annette C. Broderick (Editors Emeriti) Nicolas J. Pilcher University of Exeter in Cornwall, UK Marine Research Foundation, Malaysia
George H. Balazs Manjula Tiwari National Marine Fisheries Service, Hawaii, USA National Marine Fisheries Service, La Jolla, USA
Alan B. Bolten ALan Rees University of Florida, USA University of Exeter in Cornwall, UK
Robert P. van Dam Kartik Shanker Chelonia, Inc. Puerto Rico, USA Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, India
Angela Formia Oğuz Türkozan University of Florence, Italy Adnan Menderes University, Turkey
Colin Limpus Jeanette Wyneken Queensland Turtle Research Project, Australia Florida Atlantic University, USA
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Marine© Turtle Marine Newsletter Turtle No. Newsletter 132, 2012 - Page 1 Mitochondrial DNA Variation in Hawksbill Turtles (Eretmochelys imbricata) Nesting on Ishigaki Island, Japan
Hideaki Nishizawa1, Junichi Okuyama1, Osamu Abe2,3, Masato Kobayashi2 & Nobuaki Arai1 1Graduate School of Informatics, Kyoto University, Yoshida Honmachi, Sakyo, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan (E-mail: [email protected]); 2Research Center for Subtropical Fisheries, Seikai National Fisheries Research Institute, Fisheries Research Agency, Fukaiohta 148, Ishigaki, Okinawa 907-0451, Japan; 3Present Address: National Research Institute of Far Seas Fisheries, Fisheries Research Agency, 5-7-1 Orido, Shimizu, Shizuoka 424-8633, Japan
The hawksbill turtle (Eretmochelys imbricata) is a circumglobal investigating the diversity and phylogeographic implications for species that prefers tropical reef environments. They are listed as hawksbills at Ishigaki Island. We included the haplotypes detected Critically Endangered by the IUCN Red List (IUCN 2010). To date, in this study, previously published haplotypes observed in foraging the number of hawksbill turtles has deceased globally, primarily hawksbill populations around the Yaeyama Islands (Nishizawa et due to overexploitation in the past. For instance, in Japan there is al. 2010), and haplotypes widely observed in Atlantic hawksbills a long history of crafting hawksbill shell (tortoiseshell, or bekko in (Bowen et al. 2007) as the outgroup. Bootstrap analysis (10,000 Japanese) into various decorative items (Campbell 2003). Due to replicates) was performed using MEGA v4.0 (Tamura et al. 2007) increasing concern about the conservation of hawksbills, various for confirming the phylogenetic support. We used the Tamura–Nei projects have been carried out for conserving and enhancing the model of nucleotide substitutions, which was designed for control hawksbill turtle population in Japan (e.g., Okuyama et al. 2010). region sequences (Tamura & Nei 1993). Hawksbill nesting in Japan seems to be very rare in comparison We detected three haplotypes, EIJ1, EIJ8, and EIJ12 from the four with nesting in tropical regions, but hawksbills have been observed samples (Table 1). The neighbor-joining tree indicated that EIJ12 nesting in the Ryukyu Archipelago, which includes the Yaeyama was phylogenetically distinct from EIJ1 and EIJ8 (Fig. 1). To date, Islands of Japan (Kamezaki 1989); this represents the northern limit haplotype EIJ12 has not been found in the foraging populations of hawksbill nesting in the Pacific. Ishigaki Island of the Yaeyama around the Yaeyama Islands (Okayama et al. 1999; Nishizawa et Islands is one of the major nesting locations for sea turtles in Japan. al. 2010), but was assigned to the same phylogenetic group as EIJ9, Although a majority of nesting on the island is done by green turtles (Chelonia mydas, Abe et al. 2003), hawksbills also nest on Ishigaki Island at a lower frequency. Between 1995 and 2003, 14 hawksbill nests were observed in comparison with 427 green turtle nests (Abe et al. 2003). Despite the low level of hawksbill nesting, the coastal areas around the Yaeyama Islands including Ishigaki Island are considered a major foraging ground for hawksbill turtles with various mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) haplotypes (Okayama et al. 1999; Nishizawa et al. 2010). Therefore, nesting hawksbills in Japan may be biogeographically significant despite having a small population size. In this study, we determined the mtDNA profile of hawksbills nesting on Ishigaki Island. Tissue samples were collected from four nesting females between 2003 and 2007. To detect mtDNA haplotypes, DNA extraction, polymerase chain reaction (PCR) of the mtDNA control region, and sequencing reactions were performed as described in Nishizawa et al. (2010). By using primers LTCM2 (Encalada et al. 1996) and TCR6 (Norman et al. 1994), an approximately 520 bp segment was sequenced. Sequence alignments were performed using CLUSTALW v2.0 (Larkin et al. 2007) in order to assign haplotypes. A neighbor-joining tree (Saitou & Nei 1987) was constructed for Figure 1. Neighbor-joining tree of the hawksbill haplotypes found in this study and from foraging populations around GenBank the Yaeyama Islands (GenBank accession nos. AB485796– Haplotype Sample size accession no. AB485807, Nishizawa et al. 2010). The percentage of repli- cate trees in which haplotypes clustered together in the boot- EIJ1 1 AB485796 strap test (10,000 replicates) is shown next to the branches. EIJ8 2 AB485803 The tree is drawn to scale with branch lengths in the same EIJ12 1 AB485807 units as those of the evolutionary distances computed by using Tamura–Nei method. Three haplotypes found in the Atlantic Table 1. Haplotypes observed in this study and GenBank regions (U22368, U37804, and U37806) were included as accession numbers. the outgroup. Marine Turtle Newsletter No. 132, 2012 - Page 1 EIJ10, and EIJ11, which have been found in the foraging populations reveals the migrations of juvenile hawksbill turtles (Eretmochelys around the Yaeyama Islands (Nishizawa et al. 2010). imbricata) in the Caribbean Sea. Molecular Ecology 16: 49-60. At Ishigaki Island, nesting green turtles have haplotypes of CAMPBELL, L.M. 2003. Contemporary culture, use, and various phylogenetic groups, indicating that the populations may conservation of sea turtles. In: P.L. Lutz, J.A. Musick & J. have colonized both from equatorial Australasian and Southeast Wyneken (Eds.). The Biology of Sea Turtles II. CRC Press, Asian regions after glacial periods (Nishizawa et al. 2011). As noted Boca Raton, pp. 307-338. in Nishizawa et al. (2010), deep splits of intraspecific phylogenies ENCALADA, S.E., P.N. LAHANAS, K.A. BJORNDAL, are similar between hawksbill and green turtles and populations A.B. BOLTEN, M.M. MIYAMOTO & B.W. Bowen. 1996. of both species in the Pacific appear to have experienced very Phylogeography and population structure of the Atlantic and similar patterns and processes of distribution and subdivision over Mediterranean green turtle Chelonia mydas: a mitochondrial the last several million years. Despite our small sample size, here DNA control region sequence assessment. Molecular Ecology we report that nesting hawksbill turtles on Ishigaki Island may 5: 473-483. have haplotypes of distinct phylogenies, displaying similarities in population dynamics with green turtles in the Pacific. Additional KAMEZAKI, N. 1989. The nesting sites of sea turtles in the Ryukyu studies in other Indo-Pacific nesting populations may confirm this Archipelago and Taiwan. In: M. Matsui, T. Hikida & R.C. Goris hypothesis and help contribute to a more detailed phylogeography (Eds.). Current Herpetology in East Asia. Herpetological Society of hawksbill turtles in the region. Accumulation of this genetic of Japan, Kyoto, pp. 342-348. information will enhance conservation of the genetic variation of NISHIZAWA, H., J. OKUYAMA, M. KOBAYASHI, O. ABE & N. hawksbill turtles in Japan and throughout the Pacific. ARAI. 2010. Comparative phylogeny and historical perspectives on population genetics of the Pacific hawksbill (Eretmochelys Acknowledgments: We would like to acknowledge S. Tanizaki, imbricata) and green turtles (Chelonia mydas), inferred from H. Ishii, and the other members of the Ishigaki Island Sea Turtle feeding populations in the Yaeyama Islands, Japan. Zoological Research Group for providing the samples. We also thank K. Science 27: 14-18. Okuzawa and staff at the Ishigaki Tropical Station and Yaeyama NISHIZAWA, H., O. ABE, J. OKUYAMA, M. KOBAYASHI & Station (present name: Research Center for Subtropical Fisheries), N. ARAI. 2011. Population genetic structure and implications Seikai National Fisheries Research Institute, and D. Imakita (Faculty for natal philopatry of nesting green turtles (Chelonia mydas) in of Agriculture, Kinki University), T. Yasuda, T. Yokota, K. Ichikawa, the Yaeyama Islands, Japan. Endangered Species Research 14: Y. Kawabata, and H. Watanabe (Graduate School of Informatics, 141-148. Kyoto University) for their help with fieldwork and constructive NORMAN, J.A., C. MORITZ & C.J. Limpus. 1994. Mitochondrial comments on the study plan. M. Kinoshita and H. Sawada (Graduate DNA control region polymorphisms: genetic markers for School of Agriculture, Kyoto University) kindly supported the ecological studies of marine turtles. Molecular Ecology 3: 363- extraction and amplification of DNA. R. Matsuoka and T. Nishizawa 373. (IREIIMS, Tokyo Women’s Medical University) kindly helped with the sequencing analysis. We are also much indebted to two OKUYAMA, J., T. SHIMIZU, O. ABE, K. YOSEDA & N. ARAI. anonymous reviewers for their constructive comments. This study 2010. Wild versus head-started hawksbill turtles Eretmochelys was partly supported by Informatics Education and Research Center imbricata: post-release behavior and feeding adaptations. for Knowledge – Circulating Society (Global COE Program). Endangered Species Research 10: 181-190. ABE, O., T. SHIBUNO, Y. TAKADA, K. HASHIMOTO, S. SAITOU, N. & M. NEI. 1987. The neighbour-joining method: a new TANIZAKI, H. ISHII, Y. FUNAKURA, K. SANO & Y. method for reconstructing phylogenetic trees. Molecular Biology OKAMURA. 2003. Nesting populations of sea turtle in Ishigaki and Evolution 4: 406-425. Island, Okinawa. Proceedings of the 4th SEASTAR Workshop: TAMURA, K., J. Dudley, M. NEI & S. KUMAR. 2007. MEGA4: 40-43. Molecular Evolutionary Genetics Analysis (MEGA) software AVISE, J.C. 2009. Phylogeography: retrospect and prospect. Journal version 4.0. Molecular Biology and Evolution 24: 1596-1599. of Biogeography 36: 3-15. TAMURA, K. & M. NEI. 1993. Estimation of the number of BOWEN, B.W., W.S. Grant, Z. Hillis-Starr, D.J. Shaver, K.A. nucleotide substitutions in the control region of mitochondrial Bjorndal, A.B. Bolten & A.L. Bass. 2007. Mixed-stock analysis DNA in humans and chimpanzees. Molecular Biology and Evolution 10: 512-526.
Marine Turtle Newsletter No. 132, 2012 - Page 2 Description of mtDNA Markers of Loggerhead Marine Turtles from Caribbean Colombia
Carolina Franco-Espinosa & Javier Hernández-Fernández Facultad de Ciencias Naturales Universidad de Bogotá Jorge Tadeo Lozano. Programa de Biología Marina, “GENBIMOL” Genética, Biología Molecular y Bioinformática, Carrera 4 No. 22-61, Bogotá, Colombia (E-mail: [email protected])
The loggerhead sea turtle (Caretta caretta) occurs throughout Two previously reported haplotypes were identified in the tropical, subtropical and temperate waters (Bolten & Witherington Colombian samples. Haplotype CC-A1, which is present in nesting 2003). Once considered to be a nesting population of ~500 females, colonies of North and South Carolina, Georgia and NE Florida currently the loggerhead rookery along the Caribbean coast of with very high frequencies (>80%)(USA) was found in four of our Colombia is reported to be greatly reduced in size (Amorocho 2003). samples. Haplotype CC-A2, found in three of our samples, was This population in Northern Colombia is considered to be part of previously reported as the dominant haplotype for Quintana Roo the Northwestern Atlantic regional population (Conant et al. 2009), (Mexico) and South Florida rookeries (SE and SW combined), as although detailed population structure data, based on molecular well as being the most frequent haplotype among analyzed Cuban markers, are lacking from loggerheads that occur here. As a first turtles (Ruiz-Urquiola et al. 2010). Prior studies have reported step toward elucidating the relationship between loggerheads from a cline of these main haplotypes, with decreasing frequencies of Colombia and those from throughout the Wider Caribbean, we haplotype CC-A1 and increasing frequencies of CC-A2 from north conducted preliminary assessments of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) to south (Encalada et al. 1998; Bowen et al. 2005 and Shamblin et haplotypes of nesting and foraging loggerhead turtles sampled in al. 2011). A new sequence, labeled as CC-SM1 was also found in Colombia, using direct sequencing and phylogenetic inference. one individual (Table 1) sampled at the Don Diego nesting beach. During 2008 and 2009, we collected blood samples from the dorsal This haplotype is similar to CC-A1 (90%), but has a total of seven cervical sinus from eight loggerhead turtles of the Colombian polymorphic sites consisting of insertion/deletions (indels). Caribbean: five nesting females from Don Diego beach (11°16’N, Phylogenetic analysis (MP and ML) revealed a relationship 73°45’W) and three juvenile turtles captured while they were between the nesting and feeding aggregations of Colombia with foraging around San Martin de Pajarales Island (10°11’N, major populations in the Atlantic and Mediterranean. The nesting 75°47’W). Genomic DNA was extracted from each blood sample aggregation in Colombia is related to nesting colonies in South using a commercial kit (UltraClean™ Tissues & Cells, MO BIO Florida (USA) and Mexico. Loggerhead turtles from the foraging area Laboratories, Inc, California, USA). The mtDNA control region around San Martin de Pajarales are grouped with other aggregations was PCR-amplified using primers TCR-5 and TCR-6 (Norman et of feeding populations from the North Atlantic, Mediterranean Sea al. 1994). PCR products of control region (mtDNA) with a product (Spain and Italy) and to sequences frequently reported from nesting size of ~398 bp were obtained. Subsequently these products were populations in the North Atlantic and Mexico. This pattern suggests purified and directly sequenced at Macrogen Inc. (Seoul, South that individuals that use the Colombian Caribbean for feeding and Korea). A basic local alignment search (BLAST-GenBank) was reproductive activities are part of an Atlantic meta-population, where performed to identify the haplotypes in Colombian aggregations. sequences CC-A1 and CC-A2 are the most frequent haplotypes. The To perform the phylogenetic inference, the sequences were Southeastern USA and Mexico loggerhead populations may be the assembled and aligned (Hall 1999), and phylogenetic analysis was sources of the nesting aggregation in Colombia by means of recent performed using maximum parsimony or MP (PAUP 3.0, Swofford colonization events (Bowen & Karl 2007), assisted by the strong 1991) and maximum-likelihood or ML criteria (Rax-ML, Cipress migratory behavior of loggerhead turtles and marine currents such as 2.0, Stamatakis et al. 2005). To provide statistical support for the the Gulf Stream and the North Atlantic Gyre, but inputs from other phylogenetic trees, we developed a bootstrap analysis (Felsenstein small rookeries in the Caribbean cannot be discounted. The new 1985). loggerhead haplotype discovered in the Colombian Caribbean may be endemic to this rookery, and thus may suggest that Colombian Sampling location Life stage Haplotypes loggerheads display natal homing. Maximum likelihood mixed stock analysis has been used Don Diego Beach Adult Female CC-A1 (n = 2) for identifying proportions of immature loggerhead turtles in CC-A2 (n = 1) developmental habitats. It has been demonstrated that their CC-SM1 (n = 1) distribution is not random, but rather influenced by nearby nesting populations (source rookeries). The juveniles from the San Martin de San Martín de Pajarales feeding ground (Colombian Caribbean), with haplotypes Pajarales Island Juvenile CC-A1 (n = 1) CC-A1 and CC-A2, represent the main haplotypes found in nesting CC-A2 (n = 2) rookeries throughout the Atlantic-Mediterranean system, but there is also a possibility that there are contributions from rookeries in Table 1. Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) haplotypes identified Cuba, from the Cape Verde Islands (Monzón-Arguello et al. 2009), in loggerhead turtles from the Colombian Caribbean.. and from the coast of Africa (Carreras et al. 2006). The closest study Marine Turtle Newsletter No. 132, 2012 - Page 3 location (to Colombia) for loggerhead juveniles was at Chiriquí CARRERAS, C., S. PONT, F. MAFFUCCI, M. PASCUAL, A. Lagoon (Panama Caribbean), where approximately 65–70% of BARCELÓ, F. BENTIVEGNA, L. CARDONA, F. ALEGRE, M. loggerheads were shown to have originated from South Florida SANFÉLIX, G. FERNANDEZ & A. AGUILAR. 2006. Genetic and Mexico nesting beaches. However, there were still unknown structuring of immature loggerhead sea turtles (Caretta caretta) in haplotypes in the feeding ground that were not linked to any source the Mediterranean Sea reflects water circulation patterns. Marine rookery, suggesting that there are small and un-surveyed beaches Biology 149: 1269–1279. that remain to be assessed and included in these evaluations. CONANT, T.A., P.H. DUTTON, T. EGUCHI, S.P. EPPERLY, These data represent a first step toward elucidating the population C.C. FAHY, M.H. GODFREY, S.L. MACPHERSON, E.E. genetic structure and phylogeography of both nesting and foraging POSSARDT, B.A. SCHROEDER, J.A. SEMINOFF, M.L. loggerhead turtles in Colombia within the Wider Caribbean region. SNOVER, C.M. UPITE & B.E. WITHERINGTON. 2009. We plan to collect more samples over a wider geographic area Loggerhead sea turtle (Caretta caretta) 2009 status review under for future analyses, so that we may better understand the genetic the U.S. Endangered Species Act. Report of the Loggerhead structure of these populations in the region. Further studies of Biological Review Team to the US National Marine Fisheries loggerhead population structure is required, and we suggest a larger Service. 222 pp. sample of individuals on nesting and feeding grounds, along with FELSENSTEIN, J. 1985. Confidence limits in phylogenies: An longer haplotypes sequences (880 bp) using primers LCM15382 and approach using the bootstrap. Evolution 39: 783-791. H950g that might increase the resolution of the analysis (Abreu- Grobois et al. 2006). The current, widely used mtDNA D-loop PCR HALL, T.A. 1999. BioEdit: a user-friendly biological sequence primers generate segments of about 380 to 510 bp and, although alignment editor and analysis program for Windows 95/98/NT. effective in distinguishing major rookeries in earlier genetic surveys, Nucleic Acids Symposium Series 41: 95–98. they may have become limited in the level of resolution between MONZÓN-ARGÜELLO, C., C. RICO, C. CARRERAS, P. rookeries as the number of candidate source rookeries has increased CALABUIG, A. MARCO, & L. LÓPEZ-JURADO. 2009. and the amount of haplotype frequency overlap has become more Variation in spatial distribution of juvenile loggerhead turtles in widespread. the eastern Atlantic and western Mediterranean Sea. Journal of Acknowledgements: We want to thank all the team from El Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology 373: 79–86. Rodadero Aquarium Museum for logistical help in the sampling of NORMAN, J.A., C. MORITZ & C.J. LIMPUS. 1994. Mitochondrial the turtles from Don Diego Beach, and Rafael Vieira, the director of DNA control region polymorphisms: genetic markers for CEINER Research Center and Sea Aquarium (Corales del Rosario ecological studies of marine turtles. Molecular Ecology 3: 363- and San Bernardo National Park). Samples were collected under 374. the Genetic Resources Permit granted by the Ministerio de Medio RUIZ-URQUIOLA, A.,M. VEGA-POLANCO, F. RIVERON- Ambiente y Desarrollo Territoral (4120-E1-45179 del 13/04/11 COR GIRO, A. ABREU-GROBOIS, J. SOLANO-ABADíA, E. 1593-11 / RGE 0095). We also thank two anonymous reviewers for PÉREZ-BERMUDEZ, R.FRÍAS-SOLER, J. AZANZA- help in editing the manuscript. RICARDO, R. DÍAZ-FERNANDEZ, M. IBARRA MARTÍN & ABREU-GROBOIS F.A., J.A. HORROCKS, A. FORMIA, P.H. G. ESPINOSA-LÓPEZ. 2010. Genetic structure of loggerhead DUTTON, R.A. LEROUX, X. VELEZ-ZUAZO, L. SOARES, populations in the greater Caribbean and Atlantic western shore P. MEYLAN & D. BROWNE. 2006. New mtDNA D-loop based on mitochondrial DNA sequences, with an emphasis on primers which work for a variety of marine turtle species may the rookeries from southwestern Cuba. In: K. Dean, & M. Lopez- increase the resolution of mixed stock analysis. In: M. Frick, A. Castro (Comps.). Proceedings of the 28th Annual Symposium Panagopoulous, A.F. Rees & K. Williams (Comps.) Proceedings on Sea Turtle Biology and Conservation. NOAA Technical of the 26th Annual Symposium on Sea Turtle Biology and Memorandum. NOAA NMFS-SEFSC-602. pp. 153-154. Conservation. International Sea Turtle Society, Athens, Greece. SHAMBLIN, B.M., M.G. DODD, D.A. BAGLEY, L.M. EHRHART, Available from: http://lists.iucn-mtsg.org/genetics/meth/ primers/ A.D. TUCKER, C. JOHNSON, R.R. CARTHY, R.A. SCARPINO, abreu_grobois_etal_new_dloop_primers.pdf. E. MCMICHAEL, D.S. ADDISON, K.L WILLIAMS, M.G. AMOROCHO, D. 2003. Monitoring nesting loggerhead turtle FRICK, S. OUELLETTE, A.B. MEYLAN, M.H. GODFREY, (Caretta caretta) on the central Caribbean coast of Colombia. S.R. MURPHY & C.J. NAIRN. 2011. Genetic structure of the Marine Turtle Newsletter 101: 8-13. southeastern United States loggerhead turtle nesting aggregation: BOLTEN, A.B. & B.E. WITHERINGTON. 2003. Loggerhead Sea evidence of additional structure within the peninsular Florida Turtles. Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington, D.C. 320 pp. recovery unit. Marine Biology 158: 571–587. BOWEN, W.B., A. BASS, L. SOARES & R.J. TOONEN. 2005. STAMATAKIS, A., M. OTT & T. LUDWIG. 2005. RAxML- Conservation implications for complex population structure: OMP: An efficient program for phylogenetic inference on SMPs. Lessons from the loggerhead turtle (Caretta caretta). Molecular In: Proceedings of 8th International Conference on Parallel Ecology 14: 2389-2402. Computing Technologies (PaCT2005), Lecture Notes in Computer Sciences 3506: 288-302. Springer Berlin/Heidelberg. BOWEN, B.W. & S.A KARL. 2007. Population genetics and phylogeography of sea turtles. Molecular Ecology 16: 4886–4907. SWOFFORD, D.L. 1991. PAUP: Phylogenetic Analysis Using Parsimony, Version 3.1 Computer program distributed by the Illinois Natural History Survey, Champaign, Illinois.
Marine Turtle Newsletter No. 132, 2012 - Page 4 Recent Records of the Leatherback Turtle, Dermochelys coriacea, from the Iranian Coastline of the Gulf of Oman
Mohsen Rezaie-Atagholipour1& Mohammad Barmoodeh2 1Department of Marine Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Hormozgan, P.O. Box: 3995, Bandar Abbas, Hormozgan, Iran (E-mail: [email protected]); 2Office of Environment, Bandar Jask, Hormozgan, Iran.
Five of the seven sea turtle species have been recorded from beach located 10 km east of Bandar Jask (Fig. 1), close to where the southern coastal waters of Iran (Saeed-Pour 2004), but the the first specimen was discovered. This second specimen washed abundance of these species varies in the area. The hawksbill turtle, ashore freshly dead. This turtle was dissected in the field to check Eretmochelys imbricata, is the most abundant species in the Iranian for plastic ingestion and its stomach was found to be empty. To the coastal area of the Persian Gulf and the green turtle, Chelonia mydas, best of our knowledge, no live leatherback turtle has previously is the most abundant species in the Iranian coastal area of the Gulf been reported from the southern coastal waters of Iran (northern of Oman. Numerous reports also exist for the loggerhead turtle, part of the Persian Gulf and Gulf of Oman), and the only report of Caretta caretta, and the olive ridley turtle, Lepidochelys olivacea, this species was a dead specimen found on the beach near Bandar in the area (Mobaraki 2003). However, reports for the leatherback Jask during winter 2002 (Firouz 2005), where the two specimens of turtle, Dermochelys coriacea, from the southern coastal waters of the present study were discovered. Fishing interactions have been Iran are infrequent, which seems appropriate because the species is proposed as one the five significant threats to sea turtle populations considered rare in the Persian Gulf and the Arabian Sea (Gasperetti on a global scale (Mast et al. 2005). Unfortunately, both illegal and et al. 1993). The leatherback turtle is globally listed as Critically legal fishing is common in the southern coastal waters of Iran (FAO Endangered by IUCN Red List of Threatened Species (IUCN 2011); 2005); this may further imperil endangered species including sea therefore, monitoring different parts of the species’ geographical turtles. In recent years, education programs have elevated public range is important and necessary because such information may be awareness of the importance of marine mammals in the southern helpful for updating data on the species’ geographic distribution and coastal waters of Iran; however, marine reptiles, including sea for designing high-quality conservation programs. turtles, have been neglected by education programs in the area. We Between April 2010 and April 2011, two dead leatherback turtles believe that such education programs could have positive impacts were found along the Iranian coastline of the Gulf of Oman (Fig. 1). on sea turtles conservation in the southern coastal waters of Iran. On 23 April 2010, the carcass of a large female leatherback turtle FIROUZ, E. 2005. The Complete Fauna of Iran. I. B. Tauris and (162 cm curved carapace length and 83 cm curved carapace width, Co. Ltd., London. 322 pp. see cover photo) was found on a sandy beach located 20 km east FOOD AND AGRICULTURE ORGANIZATION OF THE of Bandar Jask along the eastern coastline of Hormozgan Province UNITED NATIONS (FAO). 2005. FAO fishery country profile: (Fig. 1). The carcass was discovered many days after death, thus it Islamic Republic of Iran. FAO, Rome. was not possible to determine if the specimen washed ashore dead or GASPERETTI, J., F. ASTIMSON, J.D. MILLER, J.P. ROSS & came to the beach when it was alive. On 28 April 2011, the carcass P.R. GASPERETTI. 1993. Turtles of Arabia. In: Fauna of Saudi of another female leatherback turtle (116 cm curved carapace length Arabia 13. Basle and Jeddah. pp. 170–367. and 80 cm curved carapace width, Fig. 2) was found on a sandy
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57° 63° Figure 1. Map of the locations of stranded leatherback turtles Figure 2. The freshly dead carcass of an average size female along the Iranian coastline of the Oman Sea. (A) Bandar leatherback turtle found on the beach along the eastern Jask, (B) location of the second specimen, (C) location of coastline of Hormozgan Province in April 2011. Note that the the first specimen. photo was derived from a video recorded by M. Barmoodeh. Marine Turtle Newsletter No. 132, 2012 - Page 5 INTERNATIONAL UNION FOR THE CONSERVATION OF MOBARAKI, A. 2003. The status of sea turtles in Iran. In: N.J. NUATURE (IUCN). 2011. Red List of Threatened Species. Pilcher (Comp.). Proceedings of the Twenty-third Annual Version 2011. www.iucnredlist.org (11 November 2011). Symposium on Sea Turtle Biology and Conservation, NOAA- MAST, R.B., B.J. HUTCHINSON, E. HOWGATE & N.J. Technical Memorandum NMFS-SEFSC-536. p. 154 PILCHER. 2005. MTSG update: IUCN/ SSC Marine Turtle SAEED-POUR, B. 2004. Investigation into the sea turtles Specialist Group hosts the second Burning Issues Assessment distribution in north of Persian Gulf and Sea of Oman. Pajouhesh Workshop. Marine Turtle Newsletter 110: 13–15. and Sazandegi 63: 41–46. [Abstract in English and text in Persian]
Capture of Green Sea Turtles, Chelonia mydas, in Fish Weirs off the Coast of Piauí, Northeastern Brazil
Ana C.G. Mai1, Thiago F. A. Silva2, Jefferson F. A. Legat3 & Daniel Loebmann4 1Programa de Pós-graduação em Oceanografia Biológica, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande. Av. Itália km 8, Rio Grande, RS, 96203-900 Brazil (E-mail: [email protected]); 2Universidade Federal do Piauí. Departamento de Ciências do Mar. Lab. Recursos Aquáticos do Delta. Av. São Sebastião. Parnaíba, PI, 64200-970 Brazil (E-mail: [email protected]); 3Embrapa Meio-Norte. Núcleo de Pesquisa em Pesca e Aquicultura. Br 343, km 35, CP 341. Parnaíba, PI, 64200-970 Brazil (E-mail: [email protected]); 4Programa de Pós-graduação em Biologia Aquática Continental. Universidade Federal do Rio Grande, Depto. de Ciências Morfobiológicas, Lab. de Vertebrados terrestres. Av. Itália, km 8, Vila Carreiros, Rio Grande-RS, 96203-900 Brazil (E-mail: [email protected])
The increase in fishing activity in recent decades is considered As a consequence of the non-selective and variable nature of the one of the greatest threats to the survival of sea turtles (Sales et al. fish weirs, animals that are not targets for commercial markets are 2008). However, other threats such as habitat destruction, pollution, also captured in addition to the economically valuable target fish. global warming, egg collection, consumption of turtle meat, and an In this context, sea turtles are among the species commonly caught epizootic disease called cutaneous fibropapillomatosis (see Herbst accidentally by this gear type (Tavares et al. 2005). It is important to 1994; Herbst & Klein 1995; Almeida et al. 2011) have affected highlight that unlike other fishing gear such as longlines and gillnets populations of sea turtles worldwide. that accidentally capture turtles, fish weirs do not lead to the death The green sea turtle (Chelonia mydas) is on the List of Brazilian of the turtles from drowning. Because fish weirs are open at the species threatened with extinction (IN 2003 MMA, 27 May 2003) top, turtles are able to breathe at the surface. On the other hand, if and is categorized as Endangered on the International Union for a sea turtle enters the fish weir it is unlikely to escape without help Conservation of Nature Red List (IUCN 2004). Current threats from a fisherman. Although fishermen do not intend to catch turtles that may play a role in green turtle population declines include and there are no deaths that result from drowning or being caught, incidental capture in fisheries and disease. Since this species is found many fishing communities may consume turtle meat if turtles are in coastal habitats it is often incidentally caught in coastal fishing captured in their fish weirs (see Almeidaet al. 2011a). gear (Marquez 1990; Nagaoka et al. 2008). Although the coastal zone of Piauí has been not considered a Fish weirs are fixed fish traps that are usually designed with priority area for sea turtle conservation (see Almeida et al. 2011 wooden stakes stuck vertically into the substrate. They are built with a, b; Castilhos et al. 2011; Marcovaldi et al. 2011; Santos et al. an opening that faces the direction of the tidal currents. This type of 2011), the region has received special attention in recent years, artisanal fishery is predominantly used in North and Northeastern since mating areas for Dermochelys coriacea (Loebmann et al. regions of the Brazilian coastal zone where tidal variation is 2+ m 2008), Eretmochelys imbricata and Lepidochelys olivacea (Santana (Paiva & Nomura 1965; Almeida 1974; Fonteles-Filho & Espínola et al. 2009) were recently documented there. There is no data 2001). In the State of Piauí, the most common fish weirs are of the available about mating for Caretta caretta or Chelonia mydas in transverse type, which is composed of an entrance, two chambers, Piauí; however, these species also occur in the region (Loebmann two smaller chambers and the corral, as described by Maneschy & Valdujo 2010). Therefore, it is important to monitor the fisheries (1993) and Piorski et al. (2009). The entrance has a barrier that in the region in order to detect and document potential threats for is built perpendicular to the tidal flow in such a way that fish are all marine turtle species. This study aimed to examine the incidental intercepted and directed to the trapping compartments. Harvesting capture of green sea turtles by active fish weirs off the coast of fish from fish weirs is done using a seine net twice a day year-round Piauí, Northeastern Brazil, and to collect data on the biology of the during low tide and requires the participation of two fishermen. As species in the region. the weir does not offer any artificial lure, the composition of species The three fish weirs in operation in Piauí were monitored between caught in it is influenced by its location, layout of the compartments December 2008 and November 2009; all of them were located in and placement in relation to the tidal currents. the littoral zone near the coast (ca. 500 m from the beach). During
Marine Turtle Newsletter No. 132, 2012 - Page 6 the period of study these three fish weirs were the only ones being harvested twice a day for 365 days, the potential capture of green sea used along the coast of Piauí; they were located in the municipality turtles per fish weir per year will be 39.19 (C.I.95% = 12.47 – 65.92). of Cajueiro da Praia. Monitoring was conducted for six days In the neighboring state of Ceará the number of turtles caught each month during both diurnal and nocturnal harvest periods. A per fish weir per year ranged from 14.4 to 26.7 during three years of total of 83 harvesting days were monitored, and two researchers fishery monitoring (1962-1964) (Almeida 1974; Paiva & Nomura accompanied the fishermen. When any sea turtle was captured, 1965). It is important to highlight that during the 1960s, the market the following data were recorded: species, date, moon phase, time, for turtle meat was officially permitted in Brazil. However, we did curved carapace length (CCL), curved carapace width (CCW), not have access to the database from these earlier studies, and so it weight, sex (determined by observation of tail length) and apparent was not possible to compare if values presented here (approximately health. All turtles were subsequently released. We opted to sample 39 turtles/fish weir/year) are statistically higher than those found only during new and full moons; however, fishermen harvest their for the state of Ceará. In addition, the population size of C. mydas fish weirs year-round. T-tests were performed to examine whether may have changed over the past 40 years. Therefore, a new there were significant differences (p < 0.05) between the numbers comparative study is needed for both of these regions. In this sense, of captures of green sea turtles during day and night periods and fish weirs present an excellent opportunity for monitoring sea turtle also between the full and new moon periods. We calculated the populations, as this gear is neither lethal nor harmful to the turtles catch per unit effort as: (Nagaoka et al. 2008). This is the first study to evaluate bycatch of sea turtles in fish weirs in the State of Piauí. We believe that these results will contribute to what is known about sea turtles that inhabit the continental shelf of Northeastern Brazil and provide a baseline for population size for to estimate the number of turtles caught annually in each fish weir. foraging and nesting turtles in the region. This may be an important Then we projected the total number of green sea turtles captured/ baseline in the future as the coastal areas of Piauí are experiencing fish weir/year, based on the total harvest effort of each fish weir increasing anthropogenic impacts, such as disorderly occupation (2 harvest sessions per day x 365 days). Statistics were performed and uncontrolled use of motor vehicles on beaches. These impacts using software R for Windows (version 2.14.1). may be directly affecting nesting areas for sea turtles. Therefore, During the 83-day study period, there were 149 distinct sampling we expect that these data may be useful in future conservation and sessions (day or night, and full or new moon). Eight green sea turtles management plans for sea turtles in the state as well as in adjacent were captured: six probable females (weights ranged from 8.1 to 55 regions. kg and CCLs ranged from 43 to 90 cm), one male (weight = 60 kg Acknowledgments: We thank the environmental analysts from and CCL = 103 cm) and one juvenile (weight = 5.7 kg and CCL = 25 Instituto Chico Mendes de Conservação da Biodiversidade (ICMBio cm) (Table 1). Curvilinear carapace lengths (CCL) ranged from 25 to - Parnaíba) for allowing us to monitor the fish weirs. We thank the 103 cm (mean 58 ± 9.3 SE). The weight of individuals ranged from researchers Alitiene L.M. Pereira, Cristina Arzabe and Daniele 5.65 to 60 kg (mean weight 46 ± 7.7 SE). There were no significant de Azevedo from Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária differences between the number of captures between day and night (Embrapa Meio-Norte) and Mônica G. Mai for their collaboration, periods (t-test, df = 147, p = 0.26). A significant difference was help with manuscript preparation and logistical support. Thanks detected in the capture of C. mydas during two moon phases, i.e., to the anonymous reviewers for their valuable comments and the bycatch of C. mydas was greater during the full moon periods suggestions that improved the quality of the manuscript. We thank (t-test, df = 67, p < 0.00). The CPUE of C. mydas was 0.054 ± 0.02 the fishermen Adécio, Antonio, Charles and Pedro for their help SE per harvest period, therefore, if we assume that each fish weir is during field work. We appreciate Diniz, Davi and Davilson Soares,
Date CCL CCW Mass (d/m/y) Moon Time (cm) (cm) (kg) Sex Body Condition 14/12/08 Full 22:30 43.5 40.5 11.3 Female Healthy 22/02/09 New 7:40 25 20.5 5.65 Juvenile Shark bite* 7/3/2009 Full 6:40 90 n/a 55 Female FP 7/3/2009 Full 19:40 103 62 60 Male Healthy 24/03/09 New 8:45 45 n/a 8.1 Female Healthy 7/5/2009 Full 20:30 51 42 23 Female Healthy 6/6/2009 Full 20:00 47 n/a 11.2 Female Healthy 4/9/2009 Full 10:15 43 39.5 10.5 Female Absence of a flipper** Table 1. Capture data for Chelonia mydas individuals caught in fish weirs in the municipality of Cajueiro da Praia, State of Piauí, Brazil. CCL: curved carapace length; CCW: curved carapace width; FP: fibropapillomatosis tumors present; *turtle was missing part of rear right flipper and part of carapace; **turtle was missing the rear left flipper. Marine Turtle Newsletter No. 132, 2012 - Page 7 Gabriel, and Natelson for their help with this project. ACGM is Loebmann, D. & P.H. Valdujo. 2010. Répteis. In: A.C.G. supported by doctoral fellowship (Grant no. 140740/2010-4) from Mai & D. Loebmann (Eds.). Biodiversidade do litoral do Piauí. the Conselho Nacional de Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento (CNPq). DL Paratodos Press, Sorocaba. pp. 212-231. is supported by a postdoctoral fellowship (Grant no. 338632/2010) Marcovaldi, M.Â., G.G. Lopez, L.S. Soares, A.J.B. from the Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Santos, D.S. Monteiro, B. Giffoni, A.P. Almeida, Superior (CAPES). C. Bellini, A.s. Santos & M. Lopez. 2011. Avaliação ALMEIDA, H.T. 1974. Sobre a produção pesqueira de alguns do estado de conservação da tartaruga marinha Eretmochelys currais-de-pesca do Ceará - dados de 1971-1973. Boletim da imbricata (Linnaeus, 1766) no Brasil Biodiversidade Brasileira Estação de Biologia Marinha da Universidade do Ceará 26: 1-9. I(1): 20-27. Almeida, A.P., A.J.B. Santos, J.C.A. Thomé, C. Belini, Márquez, R.M. 1990. Sea turtles of the world. An annotated C. Baptistotte, M.Â. Marcovaldi, A.S. Santos and illustrated catalogue of sea turtle species known to date. FAO & M. Lopez. 2011a. Avaliação do estado de conservação da Fisheries Synopsis, Roma. 81 pp. tartaruga marinha Chelonia mydas (Linnaeus, 1758) no Brasil. Maneschy, M.C. 1993. Pescadores curralistas no litoral do Biodiversidade Brasileira I(1): 12-19. estado do Pará: evolução e continuidade de uma pesca tradicional. Almeida, A.P., C.A. Thomé, C. Baptistotte, M.Â. Revista da Sociedade Brasileira de História da Ciência 10: 53-74. Marcovaldi, A.S. Santos & M. Lopez. 2011b. Avaliação Nagaoka, S.M., A.C. Bondioli & E.L.A. Monteiro- do estado de conservação da tartaruga marinha Dermochelys Filho. 2008. Sea turtle bycatch by cerco-fixo in Cananéia lagoon coriacea (Vandelli, 1761) no Brasil. Biodiversidade Brasileira estuarine complex, São Paulo, Brazil. Marine Turtle Newsletter I(1): 37-44. 119: 4-6. Castilhos, J.C., C.A. Coelho, J.F. Argolo, E.A.P. Paiva, M.P. & H. Nomura. 1965. Sobre a produção pesqueira Santos, M.Â. Marcovaldi, A.S. Santos & M. de alguns currais-de-pesca do Ceará – Dados de 1962 a 1964. Lopez. 2011. Avaliação do estado de conservação da tartaruga Boletim da Estação de Biologia Marinha da Universidade do marinha Lepidochelys olivacea (Eschscholtz, 1829) no Brasil. Ceará 5: 175-214. Biodiversidade Brasileira I(1): 28-36. Piorski, N.M., S.S. Serpa & J.L.S. NUNES. 2009. Análise Fonteles-Filho, A.A. & M.F.A. Espínola. 2001. Produção comparativa da pesca de curral na Ilha de São Luís, Estado do de pescado e relações interespecíficas na biocenose capturada por Maranhão, Brasil. Arquivos de Ciências do Mar 42: 65-71. currais-de-pesca, no estado do Ceará. Boletim Técnico Científico SANTANA, W.M., R.R. SILVA-LEITE, K.P. SILVA & R.A. do CEPNOR 1: 117-130. MACHADO. 2009. Primeiro registro de nidificação de tartarugas Herbst, L.H. 1994. Fibropapillomatosis of marine turtles. marinhas das espécies Eretmochelys imbricata (Linnaeus, 1766) Annual Review of Fish Diseases 4: 389-425. e Lepidochelys olivacea (Eschscholtz, 1829), na região da Área Herbst, L.H. & P.A. Klein. 1995. Green turtle de Proteção Ambiental Delta do Parnaíba, Piauí, Brasil. Pan- fibropapillomatosis: Challenges to assessing the role of American Journal of Aquatic Sciences 4: 369-371. environmental cofactors. Environmental Health Perspectives Santos, A.S., L.S. Soares, M.Â. Marcovaldi, D.S. 103: 27-30. Monteiro, B. Giffoni & A.P. Almeida. 2011. Avaliação International Union for Conservation of Nature do estado de conservação da tartaruga marinha Caretta caretta (IUCN). 2004. Red list of threatened animals.
Marine Turtle Newsletter No. 132, 2012 - Page 8 Notes on the Spatial Distribution and Foraging Behavior of Green Turtles at the Fernando de Noronha Archipelago, Northeastern Brazil
Humberto M. Gitirana1 & Allan T. Souza2,3 1Laboratório de Genética Marinha, Departamento de Biologia Celular e Genética, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rua São Francisco Xavier, 524 - PHLC - Sala 205, CEP 20.550-013, Maracanã, Rio de Janeiro - RJ, Brazil (E-mail: [email protected]); 2CIMAR/CIIMAR, Centro Interdisciplinar de Investigação Marinha e Ambiental, Rua dos Bragas 289, 4050-123, Porto, Portugal; 3ICBAS – Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas de Abel Salazar, Universidade do Porto, Lg. Prof. Abel. Salazar, 2, 4099-003 Porto, Portugal (E-mail: [email protected])
Five of the seven species of sea turtles can be found in Brazilian Particularly, we also recorded an unusual underwater sea turtle coastal and oceanic waters in both feeding areas and at nesting behavior where green turtles were found foraging in groups. beaches: Caretta caretta, (loggerhead turtle), Chelonia mydas (green Fernando de Noronha Archipelago is situated 380 km (215 turtle), Dermochelys coriacea (leatherback turtle), Eretmochelys nautical miles) from the Northeastern Brazilian coast (03°50’ S, imbricata (hawksbill turtle) and Lepidochelys olivacea (olive 32°24’ W). The archipelago includes one main island and twenty ridley turtle) (Marcovaldi & Marcovaldi 1985). All are currently small islands and islets, all of volcanic origin, comprising a total listed under different categories on the International Union for the area of 26 km². The islands are largely influenced by the South Conservation of Nature Red List (IUCN 2010) and the National List Equatorial Current, which carries warm and calm waters, creating of Endangered Species of Brazilian Fauna (MMA 2003). A recent an environment rich in coral, sponges, seaweeds and other organisms study showed that the global population of C. mydas has declined (Almeida 1958). between 48% and 67% over the last three generations (Seminoff Underwater observations were conducted systematically during 2004). In Brazil, the main green turtle rookeries are located on the the day (8h00 to 18h00) using snorkeling and constant swimming oceanic archipelagos, such as Rocas Atoll, Fernando de Noronha at eight sampling sites (Alagados, Atalaia, Golfinhos, Boldró, and Trindade e Martim Vaz, while most foraging and development Conceição, Porto, Sancho and Sueste) around the Fernando de areas in Brazil are distributed along the mainland coast (Marcovaldi Noronha Archipelago (Figure 1). At each sampling site, one et al. 1998). However, some areas have overlapping feeding and researcher randomly swam across the surface through the entire nesting habitats, with sea turtles from different life stages being shallow water area (maximum depth of 10 meters). Snorkeling found together in the same area (Marcovaldi & Marcovaldi 1999). observations were performed according to the standard direct Fernando de Noronha Archipelago is one area used by both foraging observation techniques described by O’Neal (2007). Snorkeling and nesting green turtles. Since the late 1980s, environmental duration (minutes), water depth, number of individual turtles preservation efforts conducted by the Instituto Brasileiro de Meio observed, approximate turtle length, and foraging behavior (if Ambiente e Recursos Renováveis (IBAMA) and Project TAMAR observed) were recorded on PVC slates. Underwater observations have contributed greatly to sea turtle conservation, both on local and global scales (Bellini & Sanches 1996; Sanches & Bellini 1999). Despite the significant conservation efforts developed in recent decades in Brazil, (e.g., Marcovaldi & Marcovaldi 1985, Marcovaldi et al. 1998, Marcovaldi & Marcovaldi 1999, Marcovaldi et al. 2002), there are only a few scientific publications involving sea turtles from Brazil. The majority of these studies focus on reproduction and nesting behaviors (D’Amato & Marczwski 1993; Marcovaldi & Laurent 1996; Godfrey et al. 1999; Maciel et al. 1999; Mascarenhas et al. 2004a), fisheries impacts (Kotas et al. 2004; Pinedo & Polacheck 2004; Gallo et al. 2006) and other anthropogenic impacts on sea turtles (Bugoni et al. 2001; Mascarenhas et al. 2004b). Actually, in-water ecological and/or behavioral studies in Brazil are scarce in the literature. The present study aimed to describe the spatial distribution of green turtles in the shallow Figure 1. A map of the eight sample sites around Fernando de Noronha waters of the Fernando de Noronha Archipelago. Archipelago, Northeastern Brazil. Marine Turtle Newsletter No. 132, 2012 - Page 9 on distribution and foraging behavior of turtles were performed from a minimum distance of 5 meters, in order to reduce the impacts on the turtles’ behavior caused by the observer. Individual green turtles were sorted into one of three life stages according to curved carapace length (CCL): (juvenile = CCL < 60 cm; sub-adult = CCL 60 to 90 cm; adult = CCL > 90 cm) (Bellini & Sanches 1996; Sanches & Bellini; 1999, Bugoni et al. 2001; Godley et al. 2003). The CCL measurements were visually estimated into three size classes at 30 cm intervals. To assess the extent of observer error, the lengths (largest spans) of detached macroalgal structures floating in the water served as models (Gustet al. 2001), and were visually estimated from a distance of 1–10 m and, subsequently measured with a ruler. The estimated and measured sizes were compared and an error of <15 cm was found. We noted that the presence of the observer (diver) did not influence the observed density and behavior of green turtles in Figure 2. Green turtle group foraging at Sueste at Fernando the study area. The turtles showed no obvious change in behavior de Noronha Archipelago, Northeastern Brazil. Photo: Flávia (e.g., an increase in swimming speed or change in water column Fernandes C. Brito. position) unless the observers approached them quickly and did not stay at least 4 m away from the turtles. More than two turtles frequently observed foraging alone than in a group (Table 1). recorded feeding, swimming or resting in a specific area (an As found by Sanches & Bellini (1999), this study also imaginary cylinder of up to 10 m diameter) was classified as a group demonstrated that Sueste is a preferred foraging site for green turtles of individuals. Additionally, video and photo images were used as in the Fernando de Noronha Archipelago. This preference may be supplementary information. related to local characteristics, since Sueste has the most protected From early August to late October 2006, a total of 120 hours waters of the archipelago, characterized by an abundance of marine of underwater observations during 43 non-consecutive days were flora comprised of several seaweed species and large seagrass beds performed. Overall, 87 C. mydas individuals from two different life (Maida et al. 1995); these are the preferred food items for green stages (juvenile = 72.4%; sub-adult = 27.6%) were recorded together turtles (Ferreira 1968; Aragones 1996). at the study sites (Table 1). Of the eight study sites, Sueste accounted The absence of adults at any of the study sites suggests that the for the majority of the records (43.7%; n = 38), followed by Boldró species may have an ontogenetic shift in their spatial distribution. (22.9%; n = 20), Porto (14.9%; n = 13), Conceição (10.3%; n = 9), In fact, ontogenetic shifts in habitat use within local populations Golfinhos and Sancho (3.5%; n = 3) and Atalaia (1.1%; n = 1). In of green turtles are well documented in the literature, with earlier Alagados, we did not record any green turtles. Sueste had the highest stage turtles inhabiting more shallow and sheltered areas than those number of sightings per hour followed by Boldró, Porto, Conceição, habitats occupied by adults (Henwood & Ogren 1987; Bjorndal Golfinhos, Sancho and Atalaia. Moreover, individuals were more 1997; Musick & Limpus 1997). In general, sea turtles are recognized as solitary animals, rarely interacting with one another outside Dive Turtle records Sightings Water Foraging of courtship and mating periods. It has been noted in time sub- depth behavior the sea turtle literature that even when large numbers Site (hrs) juvenile adult (turtles/hr) (m) alone group of turtles are encountered on feeding grounds or Alagados 10 0 0 0 4 NS NS during migration, there is little behavioral interaction among individuals (Ripple 1996). This was different Atalaia 16 0 1 0.06 1.5 S NS in our observations; green turtles clearly were not Boldró 17 15 5 1.18 8 S S grouped just for feeding or swimming occasionally; Conceição 16 7 2 0.56 6 S NS they displayed a number of behavioral signals of interaction among individuals, and functioned as a Golfinhos 13 3 0 0.23 10 S NS "foraging group." So, despite the majority of green Porto 15 10 3 0.87 6 S NS turtles being observed alone, we hypothesize that Sancho 17 3 0 0.18 10 S NS foraging groups, which we occasionally observed at Sueste 16 25 13 2.37 3 S S two of the eight sampling sites, may be considered an unusual behavior adopted by green turtles. Table 1. Data collection and effort at sampling site: observation duration Foraging in groups may be a safer strategy (hours), number of turtles recorded in each life stage (juvenile and sub- for green turtles to reduce the possible threats adult), sightings (turtles per hour), maximum water depth to the bottom of predators. In fact, one proposed behavioral (meters), and diving and foraging behavior (alone or in a group, S = sighted mechanism used by animals to reduce predation or NS = not sighted).Green turtle groups were only recorded at Sueste risk is to aggregate with conspecifics (Hamilton and Boldró, with the largest group being recorded at Sueste (12 turtles) 1971; Treisman 1975). Individuals in a group of (Figures 2 and 3). conspecifics can potentially benefit by coordinated Marine Turtle Newsletter No. 132, 2012 - Page 10 BELLINI, C. & T. SANCHES. 1996. Reproduction and feeding of marine turtles in the Fernando de Noronha Archipelago, Brazil. Marine Turtle Newsletter 74: 12-13. BERTRAM, B.C.R. 1978. Living in groups: predators and prey. In: Behavioural Ecology: an Evolutionary Approach. In: J.R. Krebs & N.B. Davies (Eds.). Oxford: Blackwell Scientific. pp. 64–96. BJORNDAL, K.A. 1997. Foraging ecology and nutrition of sea turtles. In: P.L. Lutz & J.A. Musick (Eds.). The Biology of Sea Turtles. CRC Press, Boca Raton, Florida. pp.199-232. BOUCHARD, S.S. & K.A. BJORNDAL. 2000. Sea turtles as biological transporters of nutrients and energy from marine to terrestrial ecosystems. Ecology 81: 2305-2313. BUGONI, L., L. KRAUSE & M.V. PETRY. 2001. Marine debris and human impacts on sea turtles in Southern Brazil. Marine Pollution Bulletin 42: 1330-1334. Figure 3. Another group of green turtles at Sueste in the D’AMATO, A.F. & M. MARCZWSKI. 1993. Aspectos da biologia Fernando de Noronha Archipelago, Northeastern Brazil de tartarugas marinhas (Cheloniidae) na região de Praia do Forte, (note that the third and fourth turtles can only be identified município de Mata de São João, Bahia, Brasil, durante o período by their shadows). Photo: Allan T. Souza. reprodutivo 1990-1991. Arquivos de Biologia e Tecnologia 36: 513-519. group defense, increased predator detection, increased probability FERREIRA, M.M. 1968. Sobre a alimentação da aruanã, Chelonia of escape or decreased probability of death per encounter (Bertram mydas Linnaeus, ao longo da costa do Estado do Ceará. 1978; Turner & Pitcher 1986). It is important to report that green Universidade Federal do Ceará, Fortaleza, Brasil. Arquivos da turtle groups in this study were observed only in areas with a high Estação de Biologia Marinha 8: 82-86. density of sharks (mostly Lemon sharks Negaprion brevirostris), GALLO, B.M.G., S. MACEDO, B.D. GIFFONI, J.H. BECKER for example at Sueste (authors personal observations) and/or in an & P.C.R. BARATA. 2006. Sea turtle conservation in Ubatuba, open flat reef such as Boldró; these areas offer few places of refuge southeastern Brazil, a feeding area with incidental capture in for sea turtles. However, this aspect was not studied in detail during coastal fisheries. Chelonian Conservation and Biology 5: 93-101. this study, but it would be beneficial to examine and expand this GODFREY, M.H., A.F. D'AMATO, M.Â. MARCOVALDI & N. theory further with regard to green turtle foraging behavior. MROSOVSKY. 1999. Pivotal temperature and predicted sex ratios The migratory behavior and movements of sea turtles have broad for hatchling hawksbill turtles from Brazil. Canadian Journal of ecological and management implications, since sea turtles fulfill Zoology 77: 1465-1473. important ecological roles through energy transport (Bouchard & GODLEY, B.J., E.H.M.S. LIMA, S. AKESSON, A.C. BRODERICK, Bjorndal 2000), nutrient cycling and through affecting community F. GLEN, M.H. GODFREY, P. LUSCHI & G.C. HAYS. 2003. structure (Bjorndal 1997). Identifying the geographic location and Movement patterns of green turtles in Brazilian coastal waters size of habitats used by sea turtles for migration corridors and described by satellite tracking and flipper tagging. Marine Ecology feeding grounds are needed in order to determine their ecosystem Progress Series 253: 279-288. roles (Troëng et al. 2005). Especially in overlapping habitats for nesting and feeding, such as the Fernando de Noronha Archipelago, GUST, N., J.H. CHOAT & M.I. McCORMICK. 2001. Spatial it is important to improve our understanding of the migratory variability in reef fish distribution, abundance, size and biomass: patterns and habitat use of green turtles, as well as their temporal a multi-scale analysis. Marine Ecology Progress Series 214: and spatial distribution. 237-251. Acknowledgements: The authors would like to thank Leandro P. HAMILTON, W.D. 1971. Geometry for the selfish herd. Journal of F. Valentim, Martina I. Ilarri and Tamara Fogel for their help with Theoretical Biology, 31, 295–311. field research activities, Flávia Fernandes C. Brito for supplementary HENWOOD, T.A. & L.H. OGREN. 1987. Distribution and photo images and IBAMA for logistic support at Fernando de migration of immature Kemp's ridley turtles (Lepidochelys kempi) Noronha Archipelago. We also thank two anonymous reviewers and green turtles (Chelonia mydas) off Florida, Georgia and South and the editor (K. Stewart), for their valuable comments on the Carolina. Northeast Gulf Science 9: 153-159. manuscript. IUCN. 2010. IUCN Red list of threatened species. Version 2010.3. ALMEIDA, F.F.M. 1958. Geologia e petrologia do Arquipélago de World electronic database accessible at http:///www.iucnredlist. Fernando de Noronha. Ministério da Agricultura, Departamento org (Accessed September 2010). Nacional de Produção Mineral, Divisão de Geologia e KOTAS, J.E., S. SANTOS, V.G. AZEVEDO, B.M.G. GALLO, & Mineralogia, Monografia XIII. 181 pp. P.C.R. BARATA. 2004. Incidental capture of loggerhead (Caretta ARAGONES, L.V. 1996. Dugongs and green turtles: grazers in the caretta) and leatherback (Dermochelys coriacea) sea turtles by tropical seagrass ecosystem. Ph.D. thesis, James Cook University, the pelagic longline fishery of Southern Brazil. Fishery Bulletin Townsville, Australia. 292 pp. 102: 393-399. Marine Turtle Newsletter No. 132, 2012 - Page 11 MACIEL, E.N., N. MROSOVSKY & M.Â. MARCOVALDI. 1999. MMA. 2003. Lista nacional das espécies da fauna brasileira Thermal profiles of marine turtles hatcheries and nesting areas ameaçadas de extinção. Instrução Normativa do Ministério do at Praia do Forte, Brazil. Chelonian Conservation and Biology Meio Ambiente No.03/2003. Diário Oficial da União No.101, 3: 407-413. Seção 1, 28/05/2003. pp. 88-97. MAIDA, M., B.P. FERREIRA & C. BELLINI. 1995. Avaliação MUSICK, J.A. & C.J. Limpus. 1997. Habitat utilization and preliminar do recife da Baía do Sueste, Fernando de Noronha, migration in juvenile sea turtles. In: P.L. Lutz & J.A. Musick com ênfase os corais escleractinídeos. Boletim Técnico Científico (Eds.). The Biology of Sea Turtles. CRC Press, Boca Raton, CEPENE 3: 37-47. Florida. pp. 137-165. MARCOVALDI, M. & A. LAURENT. 1996. A six season study O’NEAL, J.S. 2007. Snorkel surveys. In: D.H. Johnson, B.M. of marine turtles nesting at Praia do Forte, Bahia, Brazil, with Shrier, J.S. O’Neal, J.A. Knutzen, X. Augerot, T.A. O’Neil, & T.N. implications for conservation and management. Chelonian Pearsons (Eds.). Salmonid field protocols handbook: techniques Conservation and Biology 2: 55-59. for assessing status and trends in salmon and trout populations. MARCOVALDI, M.Â., C. BAPTISTOTTE, J.C. DE CASTILHOS, American Fisheries Society, Bethesda, Maryland. pp. 325-329 B.M.G. GALLO, E.H.S.M. LIMA, T.M. SANCHES & C.F. PINEDO, M.C. & T. POLACHECK. 2004. Sea turtle by-catch in VIEITAS. 1998. Activities by Project TAMAR in Brazilian sea pelagic longline sets off southern Brazil. Biological Conservation turtle feeding grounds. Marine Turtle Newsletter 80: 5-7. 119: 335-339. MARCOVALDI, M.A. DEI & G.G. MARCOVALDI. 1999. Marine RIPPLE, J. 1996. Sea Turtles. Stillwater, Minnesota: Voyageur turtles of Brazil: the history and structure of Projeto TAMAR- Press, 84 pp. IBAMA. Biological Conservation 91: 35-41. SANCHES, T.M. & C. BELLINI. 1999. Juvenile Eretmochelys MARCOVALDI, M.Â.A.G.DEI & G.M.F.G.DEI MARCOVALDI. imbricata and Chelonia mydas in Archipelago of Fernando de 1985. Projeto TAMAR. Instituto Brasileiro de Desenvolvimento Noronha, Brazil. Chelonian Conservation and Biology 2: 308-311. Florestal. 48 pp. SEMINOFF, J.A., Assessor. 2004. MTSG global assessment of MARCOVALDI, M.A., J.C. THOMÉ, G. SALES, A.C. COELHO, green turtles for the IUCN Red List. Submitted to IUCN Species B. GALLO & C. BELLINI. 2002. Brazilian plan for reduction of Survival Commission, April 2004. incidental sea turtle capture in fisheries. Marine Turtle Newsletter TREISMAN, M. 1975. Predation and the evolution of gregariousness 96: 24-25. II. An economic model for predator–prey interaction. Animal MASCARENHAS, R., R.G. SANTOS, A.S. SANTOS & D. Behaviour 23: 801-825. ZEPPELINI. 2004a. Nesting of hawksbill turtles in Paraíba- TROËNG, S., D.R. EVANS, E. HARRISON & C.J. LAGUEUX. Brazil: avoiding light pollution effects. Marine Turtle Newsletter 2005. Migration of green turtles Chelonia mydas from Tortuguero, 104: 1-3. Costa Rica. Marine Biology 148: 435-447. MASCARENHAS, R., R. SANTOS & D. ZEPPELINI. 2004b. TURNER, G.F. & T.J. PITCHER. 1986. Attack abatement: a Plastic debris ingestion by sea turtles in Paraiba, Brazil. Marine model for group protection by combined avoidance and dilution. Pollution Bulletin 49: 354-355. American Naturalist 128: 228–240.
Marine Turtle Newsletter No. 132, 2012 - Page 12 Digenetic Trematodes of Dermochelys coriacea From the Southwestern Atlantic Ocean
Max R. Werneck1, Luciana Verissimo2, Paula Baldassin3, Fiorella Gagliardi4, Eduardo Tadashi5, Juçara Wanderlinde2, Cecília Baptistotte2, Maria T.D. Melo2, Eduardo H.S.M. Lima2, Berenice G. Gallo2 & Reinaldo J. da Silva6 1Centro Universitário Módulo, Av. Frei Pacífico Wagner n.º 653, Centro Caraguatatuba, São Paulo, 11660-903, Brazil (E-mail: [email protected]); 2Fundação Pró-Tamar, Rua Antônio Athanazio da Silva n.º 273, Bairro Itagua, Ubatuba, São Paulo, 11680-000 Brazil; 3Instituto Oceanográfico- Universidade de São Paulo, Praça do Oceanográfico, nº 191, São Paulo-SP, 05508-900, Brazil; 4Karumbé, Av. Giannattasio 30.5 Km. El Pinar, Canelones, Uruguay; 5Departamento de ecologia e zoologia da Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina- Av. Eduardo Marques Bairro Trindade CEP: 88040-970 Florianópolis-SC, Brazil; 6Departamento de Parasitologia, Instituto de Biociências, UNESP, 18618-000 Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil.
The leatherback turtle Dermochelys coriacea Vandelli, 1761 is the TREMATODA largest of all sea turtles. The species inhabits pelagic tropical, sub- Pronocephalidae Looss, 1899 tropical and temperate environments from the Pacific, Atlantic and Pyelosomum renicapite Leidy, 1856 Indian oceans, where its primary prey items are jellyfish, tunicates Measurements (mm): (n = 10) Body 17.0 (9.9–33.1) by 2.4 and soft-bodied invertebrates (Márquez 1990). (1.7–3.6); Head collar evident with shallow incision midventrally; Parasitological surveys of D. coriacea are still rare and the data Oral sucker 0.679 (0.410–0.871) X 0.753 (0.508–0.89); Esophagus found in the literature concerns only about seven hosts (Manfredi short; Ceca are narrow and with wide serpentine undulations, ending et al. 1996; Eckert et al. 2009). Five trematode species were found near the posterior region; Ovary 0.525 (0.315–0.760) X 0,64 (0.340– parasitizing this species: Pyelosomum renicapite, Calycodes anthos, 0.960), slightly submedian, lobulated, pretesticular; Right testis 1.29 Cymatocarpus sp., Enodiotrema instar and Enodiotrema carettae. (0.807–1.74) X 1.26 (0.670–1.82); left testis 1.182 (0.740–1.54) Here we summarize the helminth fauna of D. coriacea specimens X 1.224 (0.862–1.79), both irregularly lobulated, situated at the from the Southwestern Atlantic region. posterior end; Genital pore situated on the left and after the cecal Eight dead D. coriacea specimens (7 from Brazil and 1 from bifurcation; Vitelline follicles extend from the midpoint of the body Uruguay), were obtained from January 2005 to November 2006, to posterior ovary region; Cirrus sac, short and oblique into the from strandings on the shoreline (n = 4), from incidental capture in anterior end; Uterus in transverse coils, filling the major part of the gillnets (n = 2), and from rehabilitation centers (n = 2). The mean body; Eggs 0.035 (0.031–0.037) x 0.023 (0.020–0.027). curvilinear carapace length (CCL) was 135.7 ± 14.1 SD cm (range Host: Dermochelys coriacea = 111.0 to 155.5 cm). At necropsy, the gastrointestinal tract was Locality and collection date: Mangaratiba, Rio de Janeiro State, removed and immediately processed, except in one case in which Brazil (23° 9' 10.64" S / 44° 0' 21.50" W), on October 19, 2005; it was frozen for later analysis. The esophagus, stomach, small Florianópolis, Santa Catarina State, Brazil (27° 26' 8.33" S/ 48° 0' intestine and large intestine were removed and examined separately. 44.97" W), on October 25, 2005; San José Kiyu - Uruguay (34° 44' The heart was collected from four animals for analysis according to 59.51" S / 57° 0' 31.58" W) on October 27, 2005; Almofala, Ceará the method described by Snyder & Clopton (2005) and simplified State, Brazil (3° 10' 41.67" S/ 39° 0' 20.55" W) on November 14, by Werneck et al. (2006). 2006. The trematodes were fixed in Alcohol-Formalin-Acetic Acid Site of infection: Small and large intestine. solution under slight coverslip pressure for 10 min, and then Prevalence: 4 of 8 (50%) transferred to 70% alcohol for further processing. Specimens found Intensity of infection ± SE: 24 ± 9.46 were stained with carmine, cleared with creosote, and analyzed Number of helminthes collected: 72 in a computerized system for image analysis (Leica Qwin Lite Voucher specimens deposited: CHIBB 1667, 1668, 1670, 2014. 3.1). After identification, the specimens were deposited in the Helminthological Collection at the Instituto de Biociências (CHIBB) Calicodidae Dolfus, 1929 at the Universidade Estadual Paulista, Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil. Calycodes anthos Braun 1899 The trematode species were identified by following Yamaguti Measurements (mm): (n = 1) Body slender and long 20.9 X 2.73; (1971), Threlfall (1979), Almor et al. (1989), Manfredi et al. (1998) Oral sucker ventral, subterminal, 0.96 X 1.07; Esophagus has two and Jones et al. (2005). lateral diverticles; Long muscular pharynx 0.82 X 0.77; The ceca are Four (50%) D. coriacea specimens were parasitized by straight and reach the posterior end; Ventral sucker well developed trematodes. Only parasites of the digestive system were collected and situated in the upper third of the body 1.16 X 1.27; Genital pore from the small and large intestine. Trematodes of the species P. is preacetabular situated left of midline; Cirrus pouch is long and renicapite were present in all four animals. In the Uruguayan preacetabular; Uterus between the ventral sucker and testis; Ovary specimen, parasites of the species C. anthos were also observed. anterior to testis situated to the right of the midline; Testis slightly Parasites of the family Spirorchiidae were not found in the four elliptical, tandem, anterior testis 1.09 X 0.88, posterior testis 1.43 heart samples analyzed. X 1.05; Vitelline follicles are dispersed, occupying the lateral parts of the body. Eggs oval 0.062 X 0.040.
Marine Turtle Newsletter No. 132, 2012 - Page 13 Host: Dermochelys coriacea ALMOR, P., J.A. RAGA, E. ABRIL, J.A. BALBUENA & R. Locality and collection date: San José Kiyu - Uruguay (34° 44' DUGUY. 1989. Parasitime de la tortue luth, Dermochelys coriacea 59.51" S / 57° 0' 31.58" W) on October 27, 2005. (Linnaeus, 1766) dans les eaux europeennes par Pyelossomum Site of infection: Small and large intestine. renicapite (Leidy, 1856). Vie Milieu 39: 57-59. Prevalence: 1 of 8 (12.5%) DYER, W.G., E.H. WILLIAMS & L. BUNKLEY-WILLIAMS. Intensity of infection: 1 1995. Digenea of the green turtle (Chelonia mydas) and the Number of helminthes collected: 1 leatherback turtle (Dermochelys coriacea) from Puerto Rico. Voucher specimens deposited: CHIBB 1669 Caribbean Journal of Science 31: 269-273. ECKERT, K.L., B.P. WALLACE, J.G. FRAZIER, S.A. ECKERT Mohan (1970) reported the occurrence of P. renicapite in a turtle & P.C.H. PRITCHARD. In press. Synopsis of the biological data from the Indian Ocean. This parasite was later found in sea turtles on the leatherback sea turtle, Dermochelys coriacea (Vandelli, from the North Atlantic Ocean in Canada (Threlfall, 1979), France 1761). U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. (Almor et al. 1989), the Mediterranean Sea in Italy (Manfredi et al. 1996), and in Puerto Rico (Dyer et al. 1995). Threlfall (1979) JONES, A., R.A. BRAY & D.I. GIBSON. 2005. Key to the found C. anthos and Cymatocarpus sp. in specimens from the North Trematoda v.2, CABI Publishing, London, 745 pp. Atlantic Ocean. Manfredi et al. (1996) also observed E. instar and MACCALLUM, G.A. 1921. Studies in helminthology. Part 1 E. carettae in D. coriacea from the Mediterranean Sea. Trematodes. Zoopathologica 1: 202-204. No parasite of the circulatory system was observed in the hearts MANFREDI, M.T., G. PICCOLO, F. PRATO & G.R. LORIA. of the specimens in this study. Helminths of the family Spirorchidae 1996. Parasites in Italian sea turtles I. The leatherback turtle have been previously found in sea turtles of the species Chelonia Dermochelys coriacea (Linnaeus, 1766). Parassitologia 38: mydas (L.), Caretta caretta (L.) and Eretmochelys imbricata (L.) 581-583. (Smith, 1997), but there are no previous studies on D. coriacea. MANFREDI, M.T., G. PICCOLO & C. MEOTTI. 1998. Parasites The morphometric analysis of the P. renicapite specimens was of Italian sea turtles. II. Loggerhead turtles (Caretta caretta based on the studies of MacCallum (1921), Threlfall (1979) and [Linnaeus, 758]). Parassitologia 40: 305-308. Almor et al. (1989). The range for total length, oral sucker length, ovary width and testicle length of specimens we observed was larger MARQUEZ, M.R. 1990. FAO Species catalogue. Sea turtles of than that reported in other studies. Analyses of the species C. anthos the world. An annotated and illustrated catalogue of sea turtle were performed as established by Threlfall (1979) and Manfredi species known to date. FAO Fisheries Synopsys. No. 125, Vol. et al. (1998), and showed that total length and width, oral sucker 11 Rome, FAO. 81 pp. length and width, pharynx length and width, as well as ovary width, MOHAN, R.S.L. 1970. Occurrence of the digenetic trematode were larger than measurements reported previously. In both cases, Astorchis renicapite (Leidy) (family: Pronocephalidae) in the the differences may be due to individual variability and increases leathery turtle Dermochelys coriacea (Linné) from the Indian in the range of species morphometry. Ocean. Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society 68: 489- This report is the first helminthological analysis of D. coriacea 490. from the Southwestern Atlantic Ocean, and the first record of these SMITH, J.W. 1997. The blood flukes of cold-blood vertebrates. parasites in this region, thus contributing to the knowledge about Helminthological Abstracts 66: 255-294. the helminth fauna of sea turtles and their geographical distribution. SNYDER, S. & R. CLOPTON. 2005. New methods for the collection Acknowledgments: Projeto TAMAR is affiliated with ICMBio, co- and preservation of spirorchiid trematodes and polystomatid managed by the Fundação Pró-TAMAR, and officially sponsored monogeneans from turtles. Comparative Parasitology 72: 102- by PETROBRAS. We thank the Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do 107. Estado de São Paulo - FAPESP (Proc. 07/59504-7) for the financial THRELFALL, W. 1979. Three species of Digenea from the Atlantic support. The authors are indebted to Marcelo Spiandorin, Ligia leatherback turtle (Dermochelys coriacea). Canadian Journal of Santana, Antônio Mauro Correa and “Popo” (fishermanfrom Kiyu), Zoology 57: 1825-1829. for helping collect the samples. The authors express their thanks to Prof. Oscar Castro, from the Departamento de Parasitología, WERNECK, M.R., J.H. BECKER, B.M.G. GALLO & R.J. SILVA. Facultad de Veterinaria, UDELAR, Uruguay for critical reading 2006. Learedius learedi Price, 1934 (Digenea, Spirorchiidae) and suggestions to improve the manuscript. in Chelonia mydas Linnaeus, 1758 (Testudines, Chelonidae) in Brazil: case report. Arquivo Brasileiro de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia 58: 550-555. YAMAGUTI, S. 1971. Synopsis of digenetic trematodes of vertebrates. Keigaku Publishing Co., Tokyo, 1074 pp.
Marine Turtle Newsletter No. 132, 2012 - Page 14 Leatherback Turtle Nesting in the Autonomous Region of Bougainville, Papua New Guinea
Jeff Kinch¹, Scott Benson², Paul Anderson¹ & Kevin Anana³ 1National Fisheries College, PO Box 239, Kavieng, New Ireland Province, Papua New Guinea (E-mail: [email protected]); ² NOAA Fisheries, Southwest Fisheries Science Center, 7544 Sandholdt Road, Moss Landing, California, 95039, USA; ³ Fisheries Section, Division of Primary Industries, Buka, Autonomous Region of Bougainville, Papua New Guinea
Previous satellite tagging of leatherback turtles (Dermochelys as guides. All nests were recorded using a Garmin GPSmap 60CSx. coriacea) on the Huon Coast in the Morobe Province of Papua Coordinates were also recorded on paper as backup. The daily New Guinea (PNG) has provided some indication of movement routes the dingy followed were recorded, as well as the routes of the by nesters from this area to the beaches of Bougainville Island day and night beach walk surveys. All data were later downloaded in the Autonomous Region of Bougainville (ARB) (Benson et and converted to ArcGIS shape file format with DNR Garmin al. 2007; Dutton et al. 2007). Dutton et al (2007) previously (Minnesota Department of Natural Resources, USA). The data were estimated the number of leatherback turtle nests laid annually in then cleaned, coordinates converted from decimal degrees, the GPS Melanesia to be between 5067-9176 nests/year, with estimates for native format, to degrees, minutes, and seconds. Photographs were the ARB between 160-415 nests/year. The figure for the ARB is also taken at each nest site and recorded as an attribute of each site. based on the range of leatherback turtles nests encountered during During the survey, consultation was also conducted with local aerial surveys on 20 January 2005 (which recorded 41 nests, note inhabitants, when they were encountered out fishing, or in beach that nest numbers are averaged amongst multiple observers), 20 camps or in more formal community meetings. These consultations January 2006 (107 nests), and 11 January 2007 (57 nests); and were used to collect information on the level of consumptive use, applying correction factors for aerial detection error and additional any general information about the status of leatherback turtles in pre-and post-survey nesting activity based on 2005 data (Benson 2006). Factors that can influence nest visibility on the day of a survey include the effects of tides, rain, beach width, beach slope, anthropogenic disturbance, etc. In January 2009, the Western Pacific Regional Fisheries Management Council contracted the Secretariat of the Pacific Regional Environment Programme to conduct an on-the-ground survey of leatherback turtle nesting beaches on Bougainville Island. The main leatherback turtle nesting = 2005 Aerial Nest Site beaches are located in the west and south-west areas of Bougainville Island where much of the topography is = 2006 Aerial Nest Site dominated by rugged mountains, with human populations = 2007 Aerial Nest Site concentrated on the coastal plains. In the south of Bougainville Island, most villages are located inland. Population densities for these areas range from 10-18 people/km² (Bourke & Betitis 2003). The survey covered six days from the 19-26 January 2009. The total trip length was 565 km, with 389 km surveyed by running parallel to the beach in a 23 ft fiberglass dinghy at a distance of 20-50 m at a speed of 8-15 km/h, depending on sea conditions. Of this 389 km, 38 km was surveyed physically by walking the beaches, of this 38 km, 28 km was walked during the daytime, and 10 km was walked during night surveys (the distance is actually 20 km in total, because the return leg was over the same distance). Areas that were walked were those previously highlighted by the 2007 aerial survey, as were areas where nesting was observed from the dinghy. When nests were observed from the dinghy, the survey team disembarked into the open sea and waded to shore to begin recording and walking the beaches to determine if there were other nests in the vicinity. Local inhabitants were also asked about recent nesting locations, and on occasion acted Figure 1. Aerial survey sites, 2005-2007.
Marine Turtle Newsletter No. 132, 2012 - Page 15 accounted for 41% (57/140) of all nests recorded for PNG. Thus, leatherback turtle nesting on Bougainville Island represents a significant but variable proportion of total nesting activity during the austral summer. When the results of the aerial survey and the recent survey are compared, = 2005 Aerial Nest Site there is consistency in locations of primary nesting activity (Figures 1 and 2). Predators upon leatherback eggs include monitor lizards (Varanus indicus), local dogs (Canis familaris) and ghost crabs (Ocypode cordimanus). Dogs were regularly observed on beaches, particularly in fishing camps during the survey. One fatal attack by a saltwater crocodile (Crocodylus porosus) on a leatherback was reported on Duse Beach, southwest Bougainville, in 1999. Of the 46 leatherback nests recorded during the survey, 26 definitely had eggs removed, while another 12 were presumed to have had their eggs taken, making a total of 83% of all nests harvested for eggs. On one occasion, a group of fishermen were encountered who had just harvested a leatherback nest that morning. These fishermen had removed 107 eggs, and rejected 21 eggs because they were malformed and yolkless. Surveys and interviews with local inhabitants suggest that leatherback turtles are taken relatively frequently by communities on Bougainville Island in the past. During our consultations, we heard that a total of 21 leatherbacks were taken for food in the last decade, in those areas where consultations occurred. On two occasions, sites where leatherbacks had been killed the previous year were shown. Perceptions of abundance amongst villagers varied, but the consensus was that leatherback turtle numbers had declined within the last 30-50 years. Reasons for the decrease were unanimously given as wide-scale egg take and the killing of adult nesting leatherback females. Figure 2. January 2009 survey sites. During consultations, the leatherback turtle was claimed as a totem animal only by one clan in the northwest of their area, as well as any traditional knowledge and management Bougainville, and this prohibited clan members from consuming regimes. All surveys, interviews and community consultations leatherback turtle meat and eggs. Interestingly, one group of inland were conducted in ‘pidgin,’ as this is the lingua franca used by (‘bush’) people at Duse claimed that their clan’s historic arrival from Bougainvilleans (the lead author is proficient in ‘pidgin’). the Solomon Islands was done by using the upturned carapaces of A total of 46 leatherback nests and one false crawl were recorded leatherbacks as canoes. Despite this ancestral support, there are no during the survey, with the highest concentration of leatherback prohibitions on consuming leatherback turtle meat or eggs. nesting located along a 5.4 km stretch between the hamlets of Local knowledge with regards to leatherback nesting was reported Papona and Naboi on the central west coast. Nineteen nests and to peak during the Christmas period, with hatchlings observed one false crawl were recorded in this area. It was later reported around Easter. Leatherbacks were also reported to nest during that five additional leatherbacks nested in this section of beach in stormy periods (“when there is lightning, there will be leatherback the week following (K. Anana, pers. comm.). This small stretch of turtles coming up”), and also when a local pigeon (Ducula spp.) is beach accounted for approximately 43 % of all leatherback turtle heard; this pigeon nests in shoreline vegetation during the Christmas nesting activity observed on Bougainville Island during the survey. period. The second area of concentrated leatherback turtle nesting (n = 13) The beaches on Bougainville Island are subject to seasonal or were the beaches south of Mamerego Point, covering an area of storm-related erosion and accretion. Severe beach erosion was 34.7 km. Leatherback turtles nesting in other areas were sparse and observed during our survey around Bougainville Island. Problems sporadic, due in part to unsuitable beach or offshore morphology. of beach erosion were reported to have begun in the 1960s, with During the 2005 and 2006 aerial surveys, most leatherback nests increasing acceleration since the 1980s (Bourke & Betitis 2003). were observed on the southeastern and northwestern coasts of Several leatherback turtle nests were reported lost at Papona in 2008 Bougainville Island. The January 2005 aerial survey data (Benson during especially high tides and wave action. 2006) indicate that Bougainville beaches accounted for about 14% While it has not been empirically linked to increased mortality of (41/284) of leatherback turtle nesting activity in PNG for this year. PNG leatherback turtles, longline fishing in the Pacific Ocean has However, in contrast, during the 2007 aerial survey, Bougainville been documented as a large threat to multiple stocks of leatherback Marine Turtle Newsletter No. 132, 2012 - Page 16 turtles in the northern and southern Pacific oceans (Spotila et al. common form of area-based conservation in PNG to date. Currently, 2000). Previous consultation with both the Secretariat of the Pacific the only protected area in the ARB is the Pirung WMA (declared Community and PNG’s National Fisheries Authority has shown no in 1989), located along the east-central coast and encompassing an records of leatherback turtle interaction with tuna fishing vessels area of some 43,200 ha. This WMA was established essentially to in PNG’s Exclusive Economic Zone (Kinch 2006). While fishing limit access by outsiders who do not have customary use-or-access is carried out by local fishermen around Bougainville Island, this rights to the area. is mainly done by handline from small dugout canoes, or by beach It is apparent that leatherbacks populations in the ARB are under gillnets. We heard no reports of leatherback turtles being caught severe pressure, which has implications for leatherback nesting in local fishing gear. numbers in Morobe Province, and possibly also the Solomon islands, Traditionally, ‘chiefs’ in the ARB would implement bans or given the presumed shared leatherback stocks throughout this area, ‘tambu’ on the harvesting of certain resources for a certain period and the excessive egg take and the killing of nesting leatherbacks of time. This was observed as a recent activity at Koiari Village that is occurring. The combined data from 2005-2009 confirm that (near Papona and Naboi hamlets), whereby villagers had been leatherback nesting occurs regularly at ARB, and the total number prohibited from harvesting shellfish from the river and the beaches. of nests may represent a substantial portion of the austral summer In general though, there does not appear to be any great concern nesting activity in the Western Pacific. over the fate of the leatherback turtle in Bougainville, despite that Acknowledgements: The authors acknowledge the support of the Western people were well aware that they were, in part, the ‘agents’ of their Pacific Regional Fisheries Management Council for funding the on- decline. There are, however, some local initiatives that do show the-ground survey (Contract No: 08-WPC-017), and the NOAA Pacific some conservation concern. Islands Regional Office for funding the aerial surveys. We also thank For example, the Catholic Priest at Koiari Village has told local Asuka Ishizaki, Karin Forney and Jeffrey Seminoff for comments on an villagers and their neighbors, that when they take leatherback eggs earlier draft. In PNG, the authors would also like to express gratitude to Jinro Boisen, Robin, Francis, Pias, Jonathan, Aloysius, Geraldine Paul and from a nest, they should leave some in the nest, so as to replenish the their families; and finally, David Melick and Vagi Rei. We also thank the population. While this may be considered a conservation measure, pilots of North Coast Airlines and aerial observer teams for their skill and it is ineffective in the overall recovery of leatherback populations contributions to the aerial surveys. for this area, as most villagers only returned a few eggs to the nest, BENSON, S. R. 2006. Preliminary report on aerial surveys of leatherback from which hatching and successful emergence is unlikely. One turtle nesting beaches in Papua New Guinea during January 2005. ‘rule of thumb’ is that at least 75% of all eggs must remain in situ on Unpublished Report submitted to the Pacific Islands Regional Office, a nesting beach to produce enough hatchlings to keep a sustainable Honolulu, Hawaii. adult population returning (C. Limpus, pers. comm.). BENSON, S.R., K.M. KISOKAU, L. AMBIO, V. REI, P.H. DUTTON & At Mamorego Village, the Chief has placed a ban on killing D. PARKER. 2007. Beach use, inter-nesting movement, and migration leatherback turtles for the last five years. This ban was violated in of leatherback turtles, Dermochelys coriacea, nesting on the north coast 2007, when a man killed a leatherback, and was subsequently fined of Papua New Guinea. Chelonian Conservation & Biology 6: 7-14. PGK 100 (approximately USD $30). The harvesting of leatherback BOURKE, R. & T. BETITIS. 2003. Sustainability of agriculture in turtle eggs has also been banned, though the harvesting of eggs from Bougainville Province, Papua New Guinea. Australian National other sea turtle species is permitted. University, Canberra. Availabel at: http://rspas.anu.edu.au/papers/lmg/ Whilst at Orava Village, the local Chief has also declared a SustainAg_Bvill_text.pdf ‘tambu’ on the taking of leatherback turtles. This village is uniformly DUTTON, P.H., C. HITIPEUW, M. ZEIN, S.R. BENSON, G. PETRO, J. Seventh Day Adventist in religious affiliation, and is thus restricted PITA, V. REI, L. AMBIO & J. BAKARBESSY. 2007. Status and genetic from consuming any creature that lives in the water and does not structure of nesting populations of leatherback turtles (Dermochelys have fins and scales (see Leviticus 11: 9-12). coriacea) in the Western Pacific. Chelonian Conservation & Biology 6: 47-53. Apart from Mamerego Village, there was no awareness of any government legislation protecting leatherback turtles. In PNG, the KINCH, J.P. 2006. A socio-economic assessment of the Huon Coast leatherback turtle nesting beach projects (Labu Tale, Busama, Lababia leatherback turtle is the only sea turtle that is considered a protected and Paiawa), Morobe Province, Papua New Guinea. Western Pacific animal under the 1976 Fauna (Protection and Control) Act. The Regional Fisheries Management Council, Honolulu. www.wpcouncil. 1976 Fauna (Protection and Control) Act also provides for the org/protected/Documents/Kinch%20report_final.pdf establishment of protected areas. A Wildlife Management Area SPOTILA, J.R., R.D. REINA, A.C. STEYERMARK, P.T. PLOTKIN (WMA) provides a mechanism for local control of fauna on land & F.V. PALADINO. 2000. Pacific leatherback turtles face extinction. and in waters held under customary tenure, and has been the most Nature 405: 529-530.
Marine Turtle Newsletter No. 132, 2012 - Page 17 ANNOUNCEMENT 32nd Annual Symposium on Sea Turtle Biology & Conservation 11 – 16 March 2012 in Huatulco, Oaxaca, Mexico
Ana R. Barragán President, International Sea Turtle Society; Programa Nacional para la Conservación de las Tortugas Marinas, CONANP. Camino al Ajusco 200, Col. Jardines en la Montaña, Mexico DF 14210, Mexico (E-mail: [email protected])
The Annual Symposium on Sea Turtle Biology and Conservation, hotel with beautiful white-sand beaches, 20 hectares of lush gardens conducted every year by the International Sea Turtle Society (ISTS) and many restaurants, meeting halls, swimming pools and outdoor is a unique event that draws participants from around the world, spaces, so we hope that it will promote interaction with other from across disciplines and cultures to a common platform: sea delegates, networking and catching up with old friends. You can turtle conservation. The symposium encourages debate, discussion find all the information on registration and hotel booking on our and the sharing of knowledge, research techniques and lessons in webpage http://iconferences.seaturtle.org. conservation to address questions in biology and conservation of This time the Symposium will be focusing on innovative aspects sea turtles and their habitats. The 32nd Annual Symposium will be of sea turtle conservation: new techniques, new approaches and new held in Mexico for the third time, but will be its first visit to the actors. For conservation and research groups in many countries, beautiful state of Oaxaca, which is a wonderful region with strong Mexico included, it is time to revisit the objectives and conservation cultural relationships with sea turtles. Bahías de Huatulco, where strategies that have been in place for decades, and to go a step beyond the meeting is convened, is a paradise located along the southern the routine; it’s time to open to a new generation of players with coast of the Mexican Pacific, with nine bays of brilliant cobalt blue new ideas and new energy, to learn from difficulties of the past and waters. Bahías de Huatulco offer natural settings that invite visitors to adopt and reinforce the successes. Year 2012 will be the “Time to alternative tourism, extreme sports and ecotourism activities. for Innovation”! With the imposing South Sierra Madre as a background, 36 beaches The Mini-Symposium “The Sea Turtles of Mexico” will celebrate compose this paradise isolated from the mainland by 21,000 hectares the conservation and research about these species in this country, of dry forest that’s part of a natural protected area. home of one of the oldest sea turtle conservation programs in Latin For 2012 we expect about 800 participants from 70 countries America. We’ll also host numerous thematic oral and poster sessions around the world; this year we will support the participation of to discuss the main subjects regarding sea turtle biology. Prior to the conservationists, researchers, government representatives, students, main academic Program (March 11 and 12), we will host several volunteers and members of community groups from Latin America, regional meetings and workshops that will enrich our knowledge who frequently have difficulties with travel to the United States or and complement our capacities for reaching our conservation goals. to venues in other countries. The Symposium’s venue will be the Huatulco is an ideal destination that has something for everybody. Las Brisas Huatulco Resort (http://www.brisashotelonline.com/ Huatulco National Park offers a range of activities, from fantastic huatulco event code: Tortuga), located in Tangolunda Bay, about 5 diving spots to mountain trails for bird watching. La Crucecita and km from the port of Santa Cruz Huatulco and a 30 minute ride from Santa María Huatulco towns have all kinds of handicraft shops and Huatulco International Airport. restaurants where you can enjoy the great, world-renowned Oaxacan The hotel offers the All-Inclusive system, which means that all cuisine. So I encourage you to either arrive early or extend your delegates that stay in the venue will have access to all the hotel visit, you’ll find it worthwhile! facilities and meals and drinks covered. Las Brisas is a fantastic So polish your Spanish, mark your calendars and get ready for a memorable experience… See you in Huatulco! FUNDING OPPORTUNITY
The National Geographic Society is one of the world’s largest We are currently seeking to increase the number of marine turtle nonprofit scientific and educational organizations. Founded in 1888 research and conservation proposal submissions. The Conservation to “increase and diffuse geographic knowledge,” the Society’s Trust funds innovative, solution-based approaches to conservation mission is to inspire people to care about the planet. It reaches challenges. The Committee for Research and Exploration (CRE)'s more than 400 million people worldwide each month through primary objective is to support field-based scientific research around its official journal, National Geographic, and other magazines; the world. Both grant programs have a 2-step application process National Geographic Channel; television documentaries; music; and a maximum of $25,000. radio; films; books; DVDs; maps; exhibitions; live events; school Conservation Trust: http://www.nationalgeographic.com/explorers/ publishing programs; interactive media; and merchandise. Since grants-programs/conservation-trust/?source=A-to-Z 1890, National Geographic has funded more than 9,600 scientific Committee for Research and Exploration: http://www. research, conservation and exploration projects and supports an nationalgeographic.com/explorers/grants-programs/cre/?source=A- education program promoting geographic literacy. to-Z
Marine Turtle Newsletter No. 132, 2012 - Page 18 RECENT PUBLICATIONS (2011 Inclusive)
This section is compiled by the Archie Carr Center for Sea Turtle Research (ACCSTR), University of Florida. The ACCSTR maintains the Sea Turtle On-line Bibliography: (http://accstr.ufl.edu/biblio.html).
It is requested that a copy of all publications (including technical reports and non-refereed journal articles) be sent to both:
The ACCSTR for inclusion in both the on-line bibliography and the MTN. Address: Archie Carr Center for Sea Turtle Research, University of Florida, PO Box 118525, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA.
The editors of the Marine Turtle Newsletter to facilitate the transmission of information to colleagues submitting articles who may not have access to on-line literature reviewing services.
RECENT PAPERS C. BAPTISTOTTE, M.A. MARCOVALDI, A.S. DOS SANTOS ABELLA PEREZ, E. 2011. Environmental and management factors & M. LOPEZ. 2011. Avaliacao do estado de conservacao da affecting embryonic development in the loggerhead turtle Caretta tartaruga marinha Chelonia mydas (Linnaeus, 1758) no Brasil. caretta (L., 1758): implications for controlled egg incubation Biodiversidade Brasileira 1: 12-19. Portugese. A. Almeida, programmes. Zoologia Caboverdiana 2: 40-42. E. Abella, Reserva Biol Comboios, Projeto TAMAR IBAMA, Caixa Postal Estacion Biologica de Donana (CSIC), C/ Americo Vespuccio, 105, BR-29900970 Linhares, ES Brazil. (E-mail: tonim@tamar. s/n, 41092 Sevilla, Spain. (E-mail: [email protected]) org.br) AGUSA, T., K. TAKAGI, T.W. MILLER, R. KUBOTA, Y. ALSTAD, T.I., B.M. SHAMBLIN, D.A. BAGLEY, L.M. ANAN, H. IWATA & S. TANABE. 2011. Intake and excretion EHRHART & C.J. NAIRN. 2011. Isolation and characterization of arsenicals in green (Chelonia mydas) and hawksbill turtles of tetranucleotide microsatellites from the leatherback turtle (Eretmochelys imbricata). Environmental Chemistry 8: 19-29. (Dermochelys coriacea). Conservation Genetics Resources 3: S. Tanabe, Ehime Univ, CMES, Bunkyo Cho 2-5, Matsuyama, 457-460. C.J. Nairn, University of Georgia, Warnell School of Ehime 7908577 Japan. (E-mail: [email protected]) Forestry & Natural Resources, Athens, GA 30602 USA. (E-mail: [email protected]) AL-BAHRY, S.N., I.Y. MAHMOUD, M. AL-ZADJALI, A. ELSHAFIE, A. AL-HARTHY & W. AL-ALAWI. 2011. Antibiotic ANAN, Y., K. ISHIWATA, N. SUZUKI, S. TANABE & Y. resistant bacteria as bio-indicator of polluted effluent in the OGRA. 2011. Speciation and identification of low molecular green turtles, Chelonia mydas in Oman. Marine Environmental weight selenium compounds in the liver of sea turtles. Journal Research 71: 139-144. S.N. Al-Bahry, Sultan Qaboos University, of Analytical Atomic Spectrometry 26: 80-85. Y. Ogra, Showa Department of Biology, College Science, P.O. Box 36, PC 123, Pharmaceutical Univ, Lab Chem Toxicology and Environm Al Khoud, Oman. (E-mail: [email protected]) Health, 3-3165 Higashi Tamagawagakuen, Tokyo 1948543, Japan. AL-BAHRY, S.N., I.Y. MAHMOUD, K. MELGHIT & I. AL-AMRI. 2011. Analysis of elemental composition of the eggshell before ANDERSON, E.T., C.A. HARMS, E.M. STRINGER & W.M. and after incubation in the loggerhead turtle (Caretta caretta) in CLUSE. 2011. Evaluation of hematology and serum biochemistry Oman. Microscopy and Microanalysis 17: 452-460. (Address of cold-stunned green sea turtles (Chelonia mydas) in North same as above) Carolina, USA. Journal of Zoo and Wildlife Medicine 42: 247- 255. C.A. Harms, North Carolina State University, College of ALAVA, J.J., J.M. KELLER, J. WYNEKEN, L. CROWDER, G. Veterinary Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences, 4700 SCOTT & J.R. KUCKLICK. 2011. Geographical variation of Hillsborough St, Raleigh, NC 27606 USA. (E-mail: craig_ persistent organic pollutants in eggs of threatened loggerhead [email protected]) sea turtles (Caretta caretta) from southeastern United States. Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry 30: 1677-1688. J.M. ANON. 2011. Abstracts of papers and posters presented at the 21st Keller, National Institute of Standards & Technology, Hollings Japanese Sea Turtle Conference in Tahara. Umigame Newsletter Marine Lab, 331 Ft Johnson Road, Charleston, SC 29412, USA. of Japan No. 86: 5-20. in Japanese. E-mail for Umigame (E-mail: [email protected]) Newsletter of Japan: “[email protected]” ALFARO-SHIGUETO, J., J.C. MANGEL, F. BERNEDO, P.H. ANON. 2011. University partners with local fishermen in sea DUTTON, J.A. SEMINOFF & B.J. GODLEY. 2011. Small- turtle conservation. JAVMA-Journal of the American Veterinary scale fisheries of Peru: a major sink for marine turtles in the Medical Association 238: 411. Pacific. Journal of Applied Ecology (DOI: 10.1111/j.1365- ANTONIO, F.J., R.S. MENDES & S.M. THOMAZ. 2011. 2664.2011.02040.x): 9 pp. B.J. Godley, Marine Turtle Research Identifying and modeling patterns of tetrapod vertebrate mortality Group, Centre for Ecology and Conservation, University of rates in the Gulf of Mexico oil spill. Aquatic Toxicology Exeter, Cornwall Campus, Penryn, Cornwall, TR10 9EZ, UK. (Amsterdam, Netherlands) 105: 177-179. F.J. Antonio, Maringa (E-mail: [email protected]) State University, Department of Physics, Av. Colombo 5790, ALMEIDA, A.P., A.J.B. SANTOS, J.C.A. THOME, C. BELLINI, Maringa, 87010-900, Brazil. (E-mail: [email protected]) Marine Turtle Newsletter No. 132, 2012 - Page 19 ARENDT, M.D., A.L. SEGARS, J.I. BYRD, J. BOYNTON, BALLORAIN, K., S. CICCIONE, J. BOURJEA, H. GRIZEL, J.A. SCHWENTER, J.D. WHITAKER & L. PARKER. 2011. M. ENSTIPP & J-Y. GEORGES. 2010. Habitat use of a Migration, distribution, and diving behavior of adult male multispecific seagrass meadow by green turtlesChelonia mydas loggerhead sea turtles (Caretta caretta) following dispersal from at Mayotte Island. Marine Biology (Berlin) 157: 2581-2590. a major breeding aggregation in the Western North Atlantic. K. Ballorain, Université Strasbourg, IPHC, 23 Rue Becquerel, Marine Biology (Online Prepublication: DOI: 10.1007/S00227- F-67087 Strasbourg, France. (E-mail: katia.ballorain@c- 011-1826-0): 13 pp. M.D. Arendt, Marine Resources Division, strasbourg.fr) SC DNR, 217 Fort Johnson Road, Charleston, SC 29412, USA. (E-mail: [email protected]) BARNETT, A., K.G. ABRANTES, J.D. STEVENS & J.M. SEMMENS. 2011. Site fidelity and sex-specific migration ARENDT, M.D., A.L. SEGARS, J.I. BYRD, J. BOYNTON, J.D. in a mobile apex predator: implications for conservation and WHITAKER, L. PARKER, D.W. OWENS, G. BLANVILLAIN, ecosystem dynamics. Animal Behaviour 81: 1039-1048. A. J.M. QUATTRO & M.A. ROBERTS. 2011. Distributional Barnett, University of Tasmania, Marine Resesarcn Labs, patterns of adult male loggerhead sea turtles (Caretta caretta) Tasmanian Aquaculture & Fisheries Inst, Private Bag 49, in the vicinity of Cape Canaveral, Florida, USA during and after Hobart, Tas 7001 Australia. (E-mail: [email protected]) a major annual breeding aggregation. Marine Biology (Online Prepublication: DOI: 10.1007/S00227-011-1793-5): 12 Pp. BASILE, F., A. DI SANTI, M. CALDORA, L. FERRETTI, (Address same as above) F. BENTIVEGNA & A. PICA. 2011. Inclusion bodies in loggerhead erythrocytes are associated with unstable ARENDT, M.D., A.L. SEGARS, J.I. BYRD, J. BOYNTON, J.D. hemoglobin and resemble human Heinz bodies. Journal WHITAKER, L. PARKER, D.W. OWENS, G. BLANVILLAIN, of Experimental Zoology Part A-Ecological Genetics and J.M. QUATTRO & M.A. ROBERTS. 2011. Seasonal distribution Physiology 315A: 416-423. A. Pica, Univ Naples Federico 2, patterns of juvenile loggerhead sea turtles (Caretta caretta) Dept Biol Sci, Sect Evolutionary & Comparative Biology, Via following capture from a shipping channel in the Northwest Mezzocannone 8, I-80134 Naples, Italy. (E-mail: alessandra. Atlantic Ocean. Marine Biology (Online Prepublication: DOI: [email protected]) 10.1007/S00227-011-1829-x): 13 Pp. (Address same as above) BASS, D., P. ANDERSON & N. DE SILVA. 2011. Applying ARIEL, E. 2011. Viruses in reptiles. Veterinary Research (DOI: thresholds to identify key biodiversity areas for marine 10.1186/1297-9716-42-100) 42. James Cook University, School turtles in Melanesia. Animal Conservation 14: 1-11. D. Bass, of Veterinary & Biomedical Science, Townsville, Queensland Conservation International, P.O. Box 1024, Atherton, Qld 4883 4810, Australia. (E-mail: [email protected]) Australia. (E-mail: [email protected]) ARRIZABALAGA, H., P. DE BRUYN, G.A. DIAZ, H. MURUA, BEHERA, S., B. TRIPATHY, B.C. CHOUDHURY & K. P. CHAVANCE, A. DELGADO DE MOLINA, D. GAERTNER, SIVAKUMAR. 2010. Behaviour of olive ridley turtles J. ARIZ, J. RUIZ & L.T. KELL. 2011. Productivity and (Lepidochelys olivacea) prior to arribada at Gahirmatha, Orissa, susceptibility analysis for species caught in Atlantic tuna fisheries. India. Herpetology Notes 3: 273-274. S. Behera, Wildlife Aquatic Living Resources 24: 1-12. H. Arrizabalaga, AZTI Institute of India, Chandrabrani, P.O. Box 18, Dehradun, 248 Tecnalia, Herrera Kaia Portualdea Z-G, Pasaia 20110, Spain. 001, India. (E-mail: [email protected]) (E-mail: [email protected]) BELLIDO, J.J., J.C. BÁEZ, J.J. CASTILLO, F. PINTO, J.J. ATKINS, A., E. JACOBSON, J. HERNANDEZ, A.B. BOLTEN & MARTÍN, J.L. MONS & R. REAL. 2010. Loggerhead X. LU. 2010. Use of a portable point-of-care (VETSCAN VS2) strandings and captures along the southern Spanish coast: Body biochemical analyzer for measuring plasma biochemical levels size–based differences in natural versus anthropogenic injury. in free-living loggerhead sea turtles (Caretta caretta). Journal of Chelonian Conservation and Biology 9: 276-282. J.J. Bellido, Zoo and Wildlife Medicine 41: 585-593. A. Atkins, University of Aula del Mar de Málaga, Avda. M. Heredia, 35 29001, Málaga, Florida, College of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Small Spain. (E-mail: [email protected]) Animal Clinical Science, Gainesville, FL 32610 USA. (E-mail: [email protected]) BELLIDO, J.J., J.C. BAEZ, J.J. CASTILLO, J.J. MARTIN, J.L. MONS & R. REAL. 2010. Unusual behaviour of an BAEZ, J.C., J.J. BELLIDO, F. FERRI-YANEZ, J.J. CASTILLO, immature loggerhead turtle released in the Alboran Sea. J.J. MARTIN, J.L. MONS, D. ROMERO & R. REAL. 2011. Animal Biodiversity and Conservation 33: 15-18. J.C. Baez, The North Atlantic Oscillation and sea surface temperature Ctr Oceanog Malaga, Inst Espanol Oceanog, Puerto Pesquero affect loggerhead abundance around the Strait of Gibraltar. Fuengirola S-N, Malaga 29640, Spain. (E-mail: jcarlos.baez@ Scientia Marina 75: 571-575. J.C. Baez, Ctr Oceanog Malaga, ma.ieo.es) IEO, Puerto Pesquero Fuengirola S-N, E-29640 Malaga, Spain. (E-mail: [email protected]) BELLO, G., A. TRAVAGLINI & F. BENTIVEGNA. 2011. Histioteuthis bonnellii (Cephalopoda: Histioteuthidae): A BAEZ, J.C., R. REAL, J. BELLIDO, D. MACIAS, J.M. DE LA new prey item of the leatherback turtle Dermochelys coriacea SERNA & J.A. CAMINAS. 2011. Validating an ecological (Reptilia: Dermochelidae). Marine Biology Research 7: 314- model with fisheries management applications: the relationship 316. G. Bello, Via Colombo 34, I-70042 Mola Di Bari, Italy. between loggerhead by-catch and distance to the coast. Journal (E-mail: [email protected]) of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom 91: 1381-1383. (Address same as above) BENHAMOU, S., J. SUDRE, J. BOURJEA, S. CICCIONE, A.
Marine Turtle Newsletter No. 132, 2012 - Page 20 DE SANTIS & P. LUSCHI. 2011. The role of geomagnetic cues Australia. (E-mail: [email protected]) in green turtle open sea navigation. PLoS ONE (DOI: 10.1371/ BOSTROM, B.L., T.T. JONES, M. HASTINGS & D.R. JONES. Journal.Pone.0026672) 6, no. 10: e26672. S. Benhamou, CNRS, 2010. Behaviour and Physiology: the thermal strategy of CEFE, Montpellier, France. (E-mail: simon.benhamou@cefe. leatherback turtles. PLoS ONE 5, no. 11: e13925. B.L. Bostrom, cnrs.fr) Dept of Zoology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BENSON, S.R., T. EGUCHI, D.G. FOLEY, K.A. FORNEY, H. British Columbia, Canada. (E-mail: bbostrom@interchange. BAILEY, C. HITIPEUW, B.P. SAMBER, R.F. TAPILATU, V. ubc.ca) REI, P. RAMOHIA, J. PITA & P.H. DUTTON. 2011. Large-scale BUDEN, D.W. 2011. Reptiles of the Hall Islands, Chuuk State, movements and high-use areas of western Pacific leatherback Federated States of Micronesia. Pacific Science 65: 497-505. turtles, Dermochelys coriacea. Ecosphere (DOI:10.1890/ES11- D.W. Buden, Coll Micronesia FSM, Div Nat Sci & Math, POB 00053.1) 2, no. 7: Article 84. S.R. Benson, Protected Resources 159, Kolonia 96941, Pohnpei, Micronesia. (E-mail: don_buden@ Division, Southwest Fisheries Science Center, National Marine comfsm.fm) Fisheries Service, NOAA, Moss Landing, CA 95039, USA. BURGESS, E., M. DIMECH, R. CARUANA, M. DARMANIN, H. (E-mail: [email protected]) RAINE, A. HARRISON & P.J. SCHEMBRI. 2010. Non-target BENTIVEGNA, F., M.B. RASOTTO, G.A. DE LUCIA, E. SECCI, by-catch in the Maltese bluefin tuna (Thunnus thynnus) longline G. MASSARO, S. PANZERA, C. CAPUTO, P. CARLINO, fishery (central Mediterranean). International Commission for the G. TREGLIA & S. HOCHSCHEID. 2010. Loggerhead turtle Conservation of Atlantic Tunas Collective Volume of Scientific (Caretta caretta) nests at high latitudes in Italy: A call for Papers 65: 2262-2269. Meeting paper. M. Dimech, Malta Centre vigilance in the Western Mediterranean. Chelonian Conservation for Fisheries Sciences (MCFS), Fort San Lucjan, Marsaxlokk and Biology 9: 283-289. F. Bentivegna, Stazione Zoologica Anton BBG 1283, Malta. (E-mail: [email protected]) Dohrn, Napoli, Italy. (E-mail: [email protected]) BYRD, B.L., A.A. HOHN & M.H. GODFREY. 2011. Emerging BISHOP, G.A. & B.K. MEYER. 2011. Sea turtle habitat fisheries, emerging fishery interactions with sea turtles: A case deterioration on St. Catherines Island: defining the modern study of the large-mesh gillnet fishery for flounder in Pamlico transgression. Editors G.A. Bishop, H.B. Rollins & D.H. Sound, North Carolina, USA. Marine Policy 35: 271-285. B.L. Thomas. Geoarchaeology of St. Catherines Island, Georgia. Byrd, NOAA, National Marine Fisheries Service, Southeast Anthropological Papers of the American Museum of Natural Fisheries Science Center, Beaufort Lab, 101 Pivers Island Rd, History No. 94: 391. Pp. 271-295. Available at: http://hdl.handle. Beaufort, NC 28516 USA. (E-mail: [email protected]) net/2246/6105 CAMBIE, G. 2011. Incidental capture of Caretta caretta in trammel BISHOP, G.A., F.L. PIRKLE, B.K. MEYER & W.A. PIRKLE. nets off the western coast of Sardinia (Italy): statistical models of 2011. The foundation for sea turtle geoarchaeology and capture abundance and immediate survival. Aquatic Conservation zooarchaeology: morphology of recent and ancient sea turtle - Marine and Freshwater Ecosystems 21: 28-36. G. Cambie, nests, St. Catherines Island, Georgia & Cretaceous Fox Hills Univ A Coruna, Dept Anim Biol Vegetal Biol & Ecol, Marine sandstone, Elbert County, Colorado. Editors G.A. Bishop, H.B. Resources & Fisheries Res Group, Campus Zapateira S-N, Rollins & D.H. Thomas. Geoarchaeology of St. Catherines Island, E-15071 La Coruna, Spain. (E-mail: [email protected]) Georgia. Anthropological Papers of the American Museum of CAMPBELL, L.M. & M.H. GODFREY. 2010. Geo-political Natural History No. 94. 391. Pp. 247-269. Available at: http:// genetics: Claiming the commons through species mapping. hdl.handle.net/2246/6105 Geoforum 41: 897-907. L.M. Campbell, Duke University, BISHOP, G.A., D.H. THOMAS & B.K. MEYER. 2011. Modeling Nicholas School of the Environment, 135 Duke Marine Lab Rd, indigenous hunting and harvesting of sea turtles and their eggs Beaufort, NC 28516, USA. (E-mail: [email protected]) on the Georgia coast. Editors G.A. Bishop, H.B. Rollins & D.H. CARRANZA, A., A. ESTRADES, F. SCARABINO & A. SEGURA. Thomas. Geoarchaeology of St. Catherines Island, Georgia. 2011. Loggerhead turtles Caretta caretta (Linnaeus) preying on Anthropological Papers of the American Museum of Natural the invading gastropod Rapana venosa (Valenciennes) in the Rio History No. 94. 391. Pp. 297-318. Available at: http://hdl.handle. de la Plata Estuary. Marine Ecology 32: 142-147. A. Carranza, net/2246/6105 UNDECIMAR, Facultad de Ciencias, Igua 4225, C.P. 11400, BJORNDAL, K.A., B.W. BOWEN, M. CHALOUPKA, L.B. Montevideo, Uruguay. (E-mail: [email protected]) CROWDER, S.S. HEPPELL, C.M. JONES, M.E. LUTCAVAGE, CARRERAS, C., M. PASCUAL, L. CARDONA, A. MARCO, D. POLICANSKY, A.R. SOLOW & B.E. WITHERINGTON. J.J. BELLIDO, J.J. CASTILLO, J. TOMAS, J.A. RAGA, M. 2011. Better science needed for restoration in the Gulf of Mexico. SANFELIX, G. FERNANDEZ & A. AGUILAR. 2011. Living Science 331: 537-538. K.A. Bjorndal, Archie Carr Center for together but remaining apart: Atlantic and Mediterranean Sea Turtle Research and Department of Biology, Box 118525, loggerhead sea turtles (Caretta caretta) in shared feeding University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA. (E-mail: grounds. The Journal of Heredity 102: 666-677. C. Carreras, [email protected]) Dept of Animal Biology, Faculty of Biology, University of BOOTH, D.T. & A. EVANS. 2011. Warm water and cool nests are Barcelona, Avda Diagonal 645, E-08028 Barcelona, Spain. best. How global warming might influence hatchling green turtle (E-mail: [email protected]) swimming performance. PLoS ONE 6, no. 8: e23162. D.T. Booth, CARRUTHERS, E.H. & B. NEIS. 2011. Bycatch mitigation in Univ Queensland, School of Biological Science, Brisbane, Qld, context: Using qualitative interview data to improve assessment Marine Turtle Newsletter No. 132, 2012 - Page 21 and mitigation in a data-rich fishery. Biological Conservation seagrass tolerance to high nutrient loads. Journal of Ecology 144: 2289-2299. E.H. Carruthers, Memorial University (Preprint Publication: DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2745.2011.01900.x): Newfoundland, Department of Biology, St John, NF A1B 3X9, 15 pp. M.J.A. Christianen, Dept of Environmental Science, Faulty Canada. (E-mail: [email protected]) of Science, Institute for Water and Wetland Research, Radboud CARRUTHERS, E.H., J.D. NEILSON & S.C. SMITH. 2011. University Nijmegen, P.O. Box 9010, 6500 GL, Nijmegen, The Overlooked bycatch mitigation opportunities in pelagic longline Netherlands. (E-mail: [email protected]) fisheries: Soak time and temperature effects on swordfishXiphias ( COLLETT, T.S. & M. COLLETT. 2011. Animal navigation: gladius) and blue shark (Prionace glauca) catch. Fisheries following signposts in the sea. Current Biology 21: R843-R846. Research 108: 112-120. (Address same as above) T.S. Collett, School of Life Sciences, University of Sussex, CARSON, H.S., S.L. COLBERT, M.J. KAYLOR & K.J. Brighton BN1 9QG, UK MCDERMID. 2011. Small plastic debris changes water CONRAD, J.R., J. WYNEKEN, J.A. GARNER & S. GARNER. movement and heat transfer through beach sediments. Marine 2011. Experimental study of dune vegetation impact and Pollution Bulletin 62: 1708-1713. H.S. Carson, Marine Science control on leatherback sea turtle Dermochelys coriacea nests. Department, University of Hawai’i at Hilo, 200 W. Kawili St, Endangered Species Research 15: 13-27. J. Wyneken, Department Hilo, HI 96720, USA. (E-mail: [email protected]) of Biological Sciences, Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton, CASALE, P., A.D. MAZARIS & D. FREGGI. 2011. Estimation FL 33431-0991, USA. (E-mail: [email protected]) of age at maturity of loggerhead sea turtles Caretta caretta in CONSEIL SCIENTIFIQUE DE SWOT. 2011. L’etat des tortues the Mediterranean using length frequency data. Endangered marines dans le monde (SWOT). Normes minimales en matiere Species Research 13: 123-129. P. Casale, Dipartimento di de donnees de suivi des plages de ponte, version 1.0. Manuel. Biologia Animale e dell’Uomo, Universita “La Sapienza”, Viale State of the World’s Sea Turtles (SWOT), 2011 Crystal Drive, dell Universita 32, 00185 Rome, Italy. (E-mail: paolo.casale@ Suite 500, Arlington, VA 22202, USA. (www.SeaTurtleStatus. tiscali.it) org): 28 pp. French. CASALE, P. 2011. Sea turtle by-catch in the Mediterranean. Fish CUEVAS, E., M.A. LICEAGA-CORREA & I MARIÑO-TAPIA. and Fisheries 12: 299-316. (Address same as above) 2010. Influence of beach slope and width on hawksbill CASALE, P., N. CONTE, D. FREGGI, C. CIONI & R. ARGANO. (Eretmochelys imbricata) and green turtle (Chelonia mydas) 2011. Age and growth determination by skeletochronology in nesting activity in El Cuyo, Yucatán, Mexico. Chelonian loggerhead sea turtles (Caretta caretta) from the Mediterranean Conservation and Biology 9: 262-267. E. Cuevas, CINVESTAV- Sea. Scientia Marina 75: 197-203. (Address same as above) IPN, Unidad Mérida, Mexico, Km6 Antigua carretera a Progreso, CP 97310 Mérida, Yucatán, México. (E-mail: ecuevas@mda. CASEY, J.P., J. GARNER, S. GARNER & A. SOUTHWOOD cinvestav.mx) WILLIARD. 2010. Diel foraging behavior of gravid leatherback sea turtles in deep waters of the Caribbean Sea. Journal of CURRAN, D. & K. BIGELOW. 2011. Effects of circle hooks Experimental Biology 213: 3961-3971. J.P. Casey, Dept on pelagic catches in the Hawaii-based tuna longline fishery. of Biology and Marine Biology, Univ of North Carolina Fisheries Research 109: 265-275. K. Bigelow, NOAA Fisheries, Wilmington, 601 South College Road, Wilmington, NC 28403, Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center, 2570 Dole St, Honolulu, USA. (E-mail: [email protected]) HI 96822, USA. (E-mail: [email protected]) CHAPMAN, J.W., R.H.G. KLAASSEN, V.A. DRAKE, S. DAVENPORT, J., V. PLOT, J-Y. GEORGES, T.K. DOYLE & M.C. FOSSETTE, G.C. HAYS, J.D. METCALFE, A.M. REYNOLDS, JAMES. 2011. Pleated turtle escapes the box - shape changes D.R. REYNOLDS & T. ALERSTAM. 2011. Animal orientation in Dermochelys coriacea. Journal of Experimental Biology strategies for movement in flows. Current Biology 21: R861-R870. 214: 3474-3479. J. Davenport, School of Biological, Earth and J.W. Chapman, Rothamsted Research, Harpenden, Hertfordshire Environmental Sciences, University College Cork, Distillery AL5 2JQ, UK. (E-mail: [email protected]) Fields, North Mall, Cork, Ireland. (E-mail: [email protected]) CHASSOT, E., S. BONHOMMEAU, G. REYGONDEAU, K. DE SILVA, A. 2011. [Marine turtle shell industry: an ancient NIETO, J.J. POLOVINA, M. HURET, N.K. DULVY & H. cottage craft in Sri Lanka.] Die Schildpattindustrie: ein uraltes DEMARCQ. 2011. Satellite remote sensing for an ecosystem Kunsthandwerk in Sri Lanka. Radiata 20: 1-17. German. A. de approach to fisheries management. ICES Journal of Marine Silva, 15/1 Dolosbage Road, Gampola, Sri Lanka, Sri Lanka. Science 68: 651-66. E. Chassot, IRD IFREMER UM2, Ctr Rech (E-mail: [email protected]) Halieut Mediterraneenne & Trop, UMR EME 212, Ave Jean DE SILVA, N. & D.K. BASS. 2011. Nesting conservation priorities Monnet, BP 171, F-34200 Sete, France. (E-mail: emmanuel. by geographic scale: preliminary lessons from the application [email protected]) of percent thresholds to the identification of Key Biodiversity CHENG, I-J. 2011. Sea turtle research. In: O. Krejcar (Ed.). Areas for Marine Turtles in Melanesia. Animal Conservation 14: Modern Telemetry. In Tech Publishing Co. Rijeka, Croatia, pp. 16-17. N. De Silva, Conservation International, Conservat Prior 353- 370. Available at http://www.intechweb.com/download/ & Outreach, 2011 Crystal Dr, Suite 500, Arlington, VA 22202 pdf/pdfs_id/21104 USA. (E-mail: [email protected]) CHRISTIANEN, M.J.A., L.L. GOVERS, T.J. BOUMA, W. DEGREGORIO, B.A. & A. SOUTHWOOD WILLIARD. 2011. KISWARA, J.G. M. ROELOFS, L.P.M. LAMERS & M.M. VAN Incubation temperatures and metabolic heating of relocated and KATWIJK. 2011. Marine megaherbivore grazing may increase in situ loggerhead sea turtle (Caretta caretta) nests at a northern Marine Turtle Newsletter No. 132, 2012 - Page 22 rookery. Chelonian Conservation and Biology 10: 54-61. B.A. BOGIALLI. 2011. The occurrence of chemical elements and DeGregorio, Savannah River Ecology Lab, Drawer E, Aiken, SC POPs in loggerhead turtles (Caretta caretta): An overview. 29801, USA. (E-mail: [email protected]) Marine Pollution Bulletin 62: 1606-1615. S. D’Ilio, Italian DELGADO, C., A. VALENTE, I. QUARESMA, M. COSTA & National Institute for Health, Department of of Primary T. DELLINGER. 2011. Blood biochemistry reference values Prevention, Viale Regina Elena 299, 00161 Rome, Italy. (E-mail: for wild juvenile loggerhead sea turtles (Caretta caretta) from [email protected]) Madeira archipelago. Journal of Wildlife Diseases 47: 523-529. DODGE, K.L., J.M. LOGAN & M.E. LUTCAVAGE. 2011. C. Delgado, Marine Biology and Oceanography Laboratory, Foraging ecology of leatherback sea turtles in the Western North University of Madeira, Portugal. (E-mail: [email protected]) Atlantic determined through multi-tissue stable isotope analyses. DELL’AMICO, F. & P. MORINIERE. 2010. [Observations of Marine Biology 158: 2813-2824. K.L. Dodge, Department of turtles in 2008 and 2009 (French Atlantic coasts).]. Annales de Biological Sciences, University of New Hampshire, Durham, la Societe Des Sciences Naturelles de la Charente-Maritime 10: NH, USA. (E-mail: [email protected]) 69-76. French. F. Dell’Amico, Aquarium La Rochelle (Centre DONLAN, C.J., D.K. WINGFIELD, L.B. CROWDER & C. d’Etudes et de Soins pour les Tortues Marines), B.P. 4, 17002 WILCOX. 2010. Using Expert Opinion Surveys to rank threats La Rochelle Cedex, France. to endangered species: A case study with sea turtles. Conservation DELLINGER, T. 2011. Good environmental status indicator for sea Biology 24: 1586-1595. C.J. Donlan, Advanced Conservation turtles: how to protect sea turtles under the Habitats Directive Strategies, POB 1201, Midway, UT 84049, USA. (E-mail: and MSFD. Editors H. von Nordheim & K. Maschner. BfN - [email protected]) Skripten (Bundesamt Fur Naturschutz) Issue 287: 225-233. 2nd DOODY, J.S. 2011. Environmentally cued hatching in reptiles. International Conference on Progress in Marine Conservation Integrative and Comparative Biology 51: 49-61. Monash Univ, Europe 2009, Germany, 2-6 November 2009. Marine Biology School of Biological Sciences, Clayton, Vic 3800, Australia. and Oceanography, Department of Biology, University of (E-mail: [email protected]) Madeira, Estacao de Biologia Marinha do Funchal, Cais de DOWNS, J.A., M.W. HORNER & A.D. TUCKER. 2011. Time- Carvao, Promenade da Orla Maritima, P-9000-107 Funchal/ geographic density estimation for home range analysis. Annals Madeira, Portugal. of GIS 17: 163-171. J.A. Downs, Department of Geography, DEMETROPOULOS, A. & O. TURKOZAN, Editors. 2009. Environment & Planning, University of South Florida, Tampa, Proceedings of the Second Mediterranean Conference on Marine FL, USA. (E-mail: [email protected]) Turtles. Kemer, Antalya, Turkey, 4-7 May 2005. Barcelona DUNN, D.C., A.M. BOUSTANY & P.N. HALPIN. 2011. Spatio- Convention - Bern Convention - Bonn Convention (CMS): 188 temporal management of fisheries to reduce by-catch and increase pp. copies can be downloaded from http://www.seaturtle.org/ fishing selectivity. Fish and Fisheries 12: 110-119. D.C. Dunn, documents/2nd_MedConf_Proceedings.pdf. Duke University Marine Lab, 135 Duke Marine Lab Rd, Beaufort, DEPARTMENT OF FISHERIES AND OCEANS. 2010. Recovery NC 28516 USA. (E-mail: [email protected]) potential assessment for loggerhead sea turtles (Caretta caretta) ECHTERNACHT, A.C., F.J. BURTON & J.M. BLUMENTHAL. in Atlantic Canada. Canadian Science Advisory Secretariat 2011. The amphibians and reptiles of the Cayman Islands: Science Advisory Report 042: 1-11. Department of Fisheries conservation issues in the face of invasions. Eds. A. Hailey, and Oceans, Centre for Science Advice (CSA), Maritimes B.S. Wilson & J.A. Horrocks. Conservation of Caribbean Island Region, Fisheries and Oceans Canada, P.O. Box 1006, Stn Herpetofaunas, Vol. 1, Conservation Biology and the Wider B203, Dartmouth, Nova Scotia, B2Y 4A2, Canada. (E-mail: Caribbean. Brill, Leiden. Pp. 129-47. [email protected]) EL-BAKRY, A.M. 2011. Comparative study of the corneal DETHMERS, K.E.M., M.P. JENSEN, N.N. FITZSIMMONS, D. epithelium in some reptiles inhabiting different environments. BRODERICK, C.J. LIMPUS & C. MORITZ. 2010. Migration of Acta Zoologica (Stockholm) 92: 54-61. A.M. El-Bakry, Beni Suef green turtles (Chelonia mydas) from Australasian feeding grounds Univ, Fac Sci, Dept Zool, Salah Salam St, P.O. 62514, Cairo, inferred from genetic analyses. Marine and Freshwater Research Egypt. (E-mail: [email protected]) 61: 1376-1387. K.E.M. Dethmers, University of Canberra, Fac ENDRES, C.S., R. BUTLER, K. STAPPUT & K.J. LOHMANN. Sci Appl, Institute of Applied Ecology, Canberra, ACT 2601 2011. Orientation of hatchling sea turtles to ocean waves: a virtual Australia. (E-mail: [email protected]) reality approach. Integrative and Comparative Biology 51: E187. DETHMERS, K.E.M. & P.W.J. BAXTER. 2011. Extinction risk Meeting Abstract. C.S. Endres, University of North Carolina, analysis of exploited green turtle stocks in the Indo-Pacific. Chapel Hill, NC, USA. (E-mail: [email protected]) Animal Conservation 14: 140-150. (Address same as above) ENGEMAN, R.M., A. DUFFINEY, S. BRAEM, C. OLSEN, B. DIAZ-HERNANDEZ, V., A. MARMOLEJO-VALENCIA, M. CONSTANTIN, P. SMALL, J. DUNLAP & J.C. GRIFFIN. HARFUSH & H. MERCHANT-LARIOS. 2012. Formation of the 2010. Dramatic and immediate improvements in insular nesting genital ridges is preceded by a domain of ectopic Sox9-expressing success for threatened sea turtles and shorebirds following cells in Lepidochelys olivacea. Developmental Biology 361: predator management. Journal of Experimental Marine Biology 156-166. Departamento de Embriologia, Facultad de Medicina, and Ecology 395: 147-152. R.M. Engeman, National Wildlife UNAM. Mexico DF, Mexico City, Mexico. Research Center, 4101 LaPorte Ave, Ft Collins, CO 80521, USA. D’ILIO, S., D. MATTEI, M.F. BLASI, A. ALIMONTI & S. (E-mail: [email protected]) Marine Turtle Newsletter No. 132, 2012 - Page 23 ENSTIPP, M.R., S. CICCIONE, B. GINESTE, M. MILBERGUE, Biosciences, College of Science, Swansea University, Singleton K. BALLORAIN, Y. ROPERT-COUDERT, A. KATO, V. Pk, Swansea SA2 8PP, W Glam Wales, UK. (E-mail: sabrina. PLOT & J-Y. GEORGES. 2011. Energy expenditure of freely [email protected]) swimming adult green turtles (Chelonia mydas) and its link FOSSETTE, S., A.C. GLEISS, A.E. MYERS, S. GARNER, N. with body acceleration. Journal of Experimental Biology 214: LIEBSCH, N.M. WHITNEY, G.C. HAYS, R.P. WILSON & 4010-4020. M.R. Enstipp, Université de Strasbourg, IPHC, 23 M.E. LUTCAVAGE. 2010. Behaviour and buoyancy regulation rue Becquerel, 67087 Strasbourg, France. (E-mail: manfred. in the deepest-diving reptile: the leatherback turtle. Journal of [email protected]) Experimental Biology 213: 4074-4083. (Address same as above) FADINI, L.S., A.G. SILVA & P.D. FERREIRA-JUNIOR. 2011. FOURQUREAN, J.W., S. MANUEL, K.A. COATES, W.J. Sedimentary characteristics and their effects on hatching KENWORTHY & S.R. SMITH. 2010. Effects of excluding success and incubation duration of Caretta caretta (Testudines: sea turtle herbivores from a seagrass bed: Overgrazing may Cheloniidae) in Espirito Santo, Brazil. Zoologia 28: 312-320. have led to loss of seagrass meadows in Bermuda. Marine P.D. Ferreira-Junior, Ctr Univ Vila Velha, Rua Comissario Jose Ecology Progress Series 419: 223-232. J.W. Fourqurean, Florida Dantas de Melo 21, BR-29102770 Vila Velha, ES, Brazil. (E-mail: International University, Marine Science Program, Department of [email protected]) Biology, N Miami, FL 33181, USA. (E-mail: jim.fourqurean@ FANG, Y., H. WANG, F. BAO, H. SHIWANG & J. SHAO. 2010. fiu.edu) Detection and analysis of 5 strains of Vibrio cholerae O1 with FRAHER, J., J. DAVENPORT, E. FITZGERALD, P. virulence gene from green turtles and aquaculture water. Disease MCLAUGHLIN, T. DOYLE, L. HARMAN & T. CUFFE. 2010. Surveillance 25: 619-622. Chinese. Language of Summary: Opening and closing mechanisms of the leatherback sea turtle English. Jianggan District Center for Disease Control and larynx: a crucial role for the tongue. Journal of Experimental Prevention, Hangzhou 310004, Zhejiang, China. (E-mail: Biology 213: 4137-4145. J. Davenport, Department of Zoology, [email protected]) Ecology & Plant Science and Environmental Research Institute, FERREIRA-JUNIOR, P.D., R.L. TREICHEL, T.L. SCARAMUSSA University College Cork, Distillery Fields, North Mall, Cork, & J.T. SCALFONI. 2011. Morphometric pattern in Caretta Ireland. (E-mail: [email protected]) caretta (Linnaeus, 1758) (Cheloniidae) hatchlings from nests FRICK, M.G., K. KOPITSKY, A.B. BOLTEN, K. A. BJORNDAL with different embryo development rates. Brazilian Journal of & H.R. MARTINS. 2011. Sympatry in grapsoid crabs (genera Biology 71: 151-156. P.D. Ferreira, Ctr Univ Vila Velha UVV, Planes and Plagusia) from olive ridley sea turtles (Lepidochelys Programa Posgrad Ecol Ecossistemas, Rua Comissario Jose olivacea), with descriptions of crab diets and masticatory Dantas de Melo 21, BR-29102770 Vila Velha, ES Brazil. (E-mail: structures. Marine Biology 158: 1699-1708. M.G. Frick, Friends [email protected]) of the National Zoo, Smithsonian National Zoological Park, MRC FINKBEINER, E.M., B.P. WALLACE, J.E. MOORE, R.L. 5516, Washington, D.C. 20013-7012, USA. (E-mail: frickm@ LEWISON, L.B. CROWDER & A.J. READ. 2011. Cumulative si.edu) estimates of sea turtle bycatch and mortality in USA fisheries FRICK, M.G., J.D. ZARDUS, A. ROSS, J. SENKO, D. between 1990 and 2007. Biological Conservation 144: 2719- MONTANO-VALDEZ, M. BUCIO-PACHECO & I. SOSA- 2727. E.M. Finkbeiner, Stanford University, Hopkins Marine CORNEJO. 2011. Novel records of the barnacle Stephanolepas Station, 120 Oceanview Blvd, Pacific Grove, CA 93950 USA. muricata (Cirripedia: Balanomorpha: Coronuloidea); including (E-mail: [email protected]) a case for chemical mediation in turtle and whale barnacles. FIRDOUS, F., S. BARKATI & S. RAHMAN. 2011. Studies on Journal of Natural History 45: 629-640. (Address same as above) transplantation of marine turtle nests at Karachi Coast (Sindh), FUENTES, M.M.P.B., B.L. BATEMAN & M. HAMANN. 2011. Pakistan. Pakistan Journal of Scientific and Industrial Research Relationship between tropical cyclones and the distribution of Series B-Biological Sciences 54: 29-33. S. Barkati, University sea turtle nesting grounds. Journal of Biogeography 38: 1886- of Karachi, Department of Zoology, Karachi 75270, Pakistan. 1896. M.M.P.B. Fuentes, James Cook University, ARC Center (E-mail: [email protected]) for Excellence in Coral Reef Studies, Townsville, Qld 4811, FOSSETTE, S., C. GIRARD, M. LÓPEZ-MENDILAHARSU, P. Australia. (E-mail: [email protected]) MILLER, A. DOMINGO, D. EVANS, L. KELLE, V. PLOT, L. FUXJAGER, M.J., B.S. EASTWOOD & K.J. LOHMANN. 2011. PROSDOCIMI, S. VERHAGE, P. GASPAR & J-Y. GEORGES. Orientation of hatchling loggerhead sea turtles to regional 2010. Atlantic leatherback migratory paths and temporary magnetic fields along a transoceanic migratory pathway. Journal residence areas. PLoS ONE 5, no. 11: e13908. S. Fossette, of Experimental Biology 214: 2504-2508. M.J. Fuxjager, UCLA, Departement Ecologie, Physiologie et Ethologie, Universite de Dept Integrated Biology & Physiology, Terasaki Life Scineces Strasbourg, IPHC, Strasbourg, France. (E-mail: sabrina.fossette@ Bldg, 610 Charles Young Dr, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. gmail.com) (E-mail: [email protected]) FOSSETTE, S., A.C. GLEISS, J.P. CASEY, A.R. LEWIS & G.C. GAOS, A.R., R.L. LEWISON, I.L. YANEZ, B.P. WALLACE, M.J. HAYS. 2011. Does prey size matter? Novel observations in LILES, W.J. NICHOLS, A. BAQUERO, C.R. HASBUN, M. the leatherback turtle (Dermochleys coriacea) allow a test of VASQUEZ, J. URTEAGA & J.A. SEMINOFF. 2011. Shifting the predator-prey size relationships. Biology Letters (Published life-history paradigm: discovery of novel habitat use by hawksbill Online: DOI:10.1098/Rsbl.2011.0965): 4 Pp. S. Fossette, Dept of turtles. Biology Letters (Online Publication: DOI:10.1098/
Marine Turtle Newsletter No. 132, 2012 - Page 24 Rsbl.2011.0603): 3 pp. A.R. Gaos, San Diego State University, & E.L.A. MONTEIRO-FILHO. 2011. Using gut contents to Department of Biology, 3193 B St, San Diego, CA 92102, USA. assess foraging patterns of juvenile green turtles Chelonia (E-mail: [email protected]) mydas in the Paranagua Estuary, Brazil. Endangered Species GAROFALO, L., J.J. BORG, R. CARLINI, L. MIZZAN, N. Research 13: 131-143. M. Barletta, Laboratory of Ecology and NOVARINI, G. SCILLITANI & A. NOVELLETTO. 2011. Management of Estuarine and Aquatic Ecosystems, Department Genetic characterization of over hundred years old Caretta of Oceanography, Federal University of Pernambuco, 50740-55-, caretta specimens from Italian and Maltese museums. Acta Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil. (E-mail: [email protected]) Herpetologica 6: 27-34. L. Garofalo, Univ Roma Tor Vergata, HAAS, H.L. 2010. Using observed interactions between sea Dipartimento Biol, Via Ric Sci, I-00133 Rome, Italy. (E-mail: turtles and commercial bottom-trawling vessels to evaluate [email protected]) the conservation value of trawl gear modifications. Marine GEWIN, V. 2011. Unusual pollutant pattern found in loggerhead and Coastal Fisheries 2: 263-276. H.L. Haas, National Marine turtles. Frontiers in Ecology and the Environment 9: 260. Fisheries Service, Northeast Fisheries Science Center, 166 Water Street, Woods Hole, MA 02540, USA. (E-mail: heather.haas@ GILMAN, E.L. 2011. Bycatch governance and best practice noaa.gov) mitigation technology in global tuna fisheries. Marine Policy 35: 590-609. Hawaii Pacific University, College of Natural & HALSEY, L.G., T.T. JONES, D.R. JONES, N. LIEBSCH & D.T. Computational Science, 3561 Loulu St, Honolulu, HI 96822 BOOTH. 2011. Measuring energy expenditure in sub-adult and USA. (E-mail: [email protected]) hatchling sea turtles via accelerometry. PLoS ONE 6, no. 8: e22311. L.G. Halsey, Roehampton University, Department of GOLDBERG, D.W., A. ADEODATO, D.T. DE ALMEIDA, L.G. Life Sciences, London, England. (E-mail: l.halsey@roehampton. CORREA & J. WANDERLINDE. 2010. Green turtle head trauma ac.uk) with intracerebral hemorrhage: image diagnosis and treatment. Ciencia Rural 40: 2402-2405. English Language of Summary: HAMANN, M., A. GRECH, E. WOLANSKI & J. LAMBRECHTS. Portuguese. D.W. Goldberg, Departamento de Bioquimica, 2011. Modeling the fate of marine turtle hatchlings. Ecological Universidade Estadual do Rio de Janeiro (UERJ), Av 28 de Modeling 222: 1515-1521. M. Hamann, School of Earth and Setembro, 87 Fds, 4 Andar, Vila Isabel, 20551-030, Rio de Environmental Sciences, James Cook University, Townsville, Janeiro, RJ, Brazil. (E-mail: [email protected]) QLD 4811, Australia. (E-mail: [email protected]) GOLDBERG, D.W., J. WANDERLINDE, I.M. ALEXANDRE HARDING, J.M., W.J. WALTON, C.M. TRAPANI, M.G. FRICK FREIRE, L.C. PEREIRA DA SILVA & N.R. PEREIRA & R. MANN. 2011. Sea turtles as potential dispersal vectors for ALMOSNY. 2011. Serum biochemistry profile determination for non-indigenous species: the Veined Rapa Whelk as an epibiont wild loggerhead sea turtles nesting in Campos dos Goytacazes, of loggerhead sea turtles. Southeastern Naturalist 10: 233-244. Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Ciencia Rural 41: 143-148. (Address J.M. Harding, Depaetment of Marine Science, Coastal Carolina same as above) University, P.O. Box 261954, Conway, SC 29528, USA. (E-mail: [email protected]) GONZALEZ, C. & S. JENTOFT. 2011. MPA in Labor: Securing the Pearl Cays of Nicaragua. Environmental Management 47: HARRIS, H.S., S.R. BENSON, K.V. GILARDI, R.H. POPPENGA, 617-629. S. Jentoft, University of Tromso, Norwegian College of T.M. WORK, P.H. DUTTON & J.A.K. MAZET. 2011. Fishery Science, Tromso, Norway. (E-mail: [email protected]) Comparative health assessment of western Pacific leatherback turtles (Dermochelys coriacea) foraging off the coast of GONZALEZ CARMAN, V., K. ALVAREZ, L. PROSDOCIMI, California, 2005-2007. Journal of Wildlife Diseases 47: 321-337. M.C. INCHAURRAGA, R. DELLACASA, A. FAIELLA, C. H.S. Harris, University of California-Davis, School of Veterinary ECHENIQUE, R. GONZALEZ, J. ANDREJUK, H. MIANZAN, Medicine, Wildlife Health Center, 1 Shields Ave, Davis, CA C. CAMPAGNA & D. ALBAREDA. 2011. Argentinian coastal 95616 USA. (E-mail: [email protected]) waters: a temperate habitat for three species of threatened sea turtles. Marine Biology Research 7: 500-508. V. Gonzalez HART, K.M., D.G. ZAWADA, I. FUJISAKI & B.H. LIDZ. 2010. Carman, Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Desarrollo Inter-nesting habitat-use patterns of loggerhead sea turtles: Pesquero (INIDEP) CONICET, Mar del Plata, Buenos Aires, enhancing satellite tracking with benthic mapping. Aquatic Argentina. (E-mail: [email protected]) Biology 11: 77-90. K.M. Hart, US Geological Survey, Southeast Ecology Science Center, Davie, FL 33314, USA (E-mail: GOULD, J.L. 2011. Animal Navigation: Longitude at Last. Current [email protected]) Biology 21: R225-R227. Princeton University, Department of Ecology & Evolutionary Biology, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA. HAWKES, L.A., M.J. WITT, A.C. BRODERICK, J.W. COKER, (E-mail: [email protected]) M.S. COYNE, M. DODD, M.G. FRICK, M.H. GODFREY, D.B. GRIFFIN, S.R. MURPHY, T.M. MURPHY, K.L. WILLIAMS GRAHAM, T.R., J.T. HARVEY, S.R. BENSON, J.S. RENFREE & & B.J. GODLEY. 2011. Home on the range: spatial ecology of D.A. DEMER. 2010. The acoustic identification and enumeration loggerhead turtles in Atlantic waters of the USA. Diversity and of scyphozoan jellyfish, prey for leatherback sea turtles Distributions 17: 624-640. B.J. Godley, Marine Turtle Research (Dermochelys coriacea), off central California. ICES Journal Group, Centre for Ecology and Conservation, College of Life of Marine Science 67: 1739-1748. T.R. Graham, Moss Landing and Environmental Sciences, Univ. of Exeter, Cornwall Campus, Marine Labs, 8272 Moss Landing Rd, Moss Landing, CA 95039, Penryn, TR10 9EZ, UK. (E-mail: [email protected]) USA. (E-mail: [email protected]) HIRAI, A. 2011. Growth of juvenile green turtle fed with jellyfish. GUEBERT-BARTHOLO, F.M., M. BARLETTA, M.F. COSTA Marine Turtle Newsletter No. 132, 2012 - Page 25 Umigame Newsletter of Japan No. 87: 5-9. in Japanese. E-mail ILGAZ, C., A. OZDEMIR, Y. KUMLUTAS & S.H. DURMUS. for Umigame Newsletter of Japan: “[email protected]” 2011. The effect of nest relocation on embryonic mortality HIRAI, A. 2011. Head-starting cases of two green turtles from and sex ratio of loggerhead turtles, Caretta caretta (Reptilia: Wakayama, Japan. Umigame Newsletter of Japan No. 88: Cheloniidae), at Dalyan Beach, Turkey. Italian Journal of Zoology 5-7. in Japanese. E-mail for Umigame Newsletter of Japan: 78: 354-363. C. 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(E-mail: [email protected]) chemistry and reproductive output of nesting leatherbacks. INNIS, C.J., C. MERIGO, K. DODGE, M. TLUSTY, M. DODGE, Herpetologica 67: 222-235. S. Honarvar, Drexel Univ, Dept B. SHARP, A. MYERS, A. MCINTOSH, D. WUNN, C. Biol, 3141 Chestnut St, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. (E-mail: PERKINS, T.H. HERDT, T. NORTON & M. LUTCAVAGE. [email protected]) 2010. Health evaluation of leatherback turtles (Dermochelys HONARVAR, S. & M. O’CONNOR. 2011. Tidal ventilation of coriacea) in the northwestern Atlantic during direct capture and sea turtle nests. Integrative and Comparative Biology 51: E59. fisheries gear disentanglement. Chelonian Conservation and Meeting Abstract. M. O’Connor, Drexel Univ, Philadelphia, PA, Biology 9: 205-222. C. Innis, Animal Health Department, New USA. (E-mail: [email protected]) England Aquarium, Central Wharf, Boston, MA 02110, USA. HOOKER, S.K., A. CANADAS, K.D. HYRENBACH, C. (E-mail: [email protected]) CORRIGAN, J.J. POLOVINA & R.R. 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(E-mail: [email protected]) Fac Maritime Studies and Marine Sci, Dept Marine Sci, Kuala LABRADA-MARTAGÓN, V., L.C. MÉNDEZ-RODRÍGUEZ, Terengganu 21030, Malaysia. (E-mail: [email protected]) S.C. GARDNER, V.H. CRUZ-ESCALONA & T. ZENTENO- KAKIZOE, Y., M. FUJIWARA, Y. AKUNE, Y. KANOU, T. SAITO SAVÍN. 2010. Health indices of the green turtle (Chelonia & I. UCHIDA. 2010. Cyclical changes of plasma sex steroids in mydas) along the Pacific Coast of Baja California Sur, Mexico. captive breeding loggerhead turtles (Caretta caretta). Journal of II. Body Condition Index. Chelonian Conservation and Biology Zoo and Wildlife Medicine 41: 643-648. Y. Kakizoe, Port Nagoya 9: 173-183. V. Labrada-Martagon, Programa de Planeación Public Aquarium, Minato Ku, 1-3 Minato Machi, Nagoya, Aichi Ambiental y Conservación, Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas 4550033, Japan. (E-mail: [email protected]) del Noroeste, La Paz, Baja California Sur, México. (E-mail: KATO, N. 2011. Swimming and walking of an amphibious robot [email protected]) with fin actuators. Marine Technology Society Journal 45: 181- LABRADA-MARTAGÓN, V., L.C. MÉNDEZ-RODRÍGUEZ, S.C. 197. Osaka Univ, Grad Sch Engn, Yamadaoka 2-1, Suita, Osaka GARDNER, M. LÓPEZ-CASTRO & T. ZENTENO-SAVÍN. 5650871, Japan. (E-mail: [email protected]) 2010. Health indices of the green turtle (Chelonia mydas) along KIRSCHNER, R.I. & K.L. JACOBITZ. 2011. Multiple fatalities the Pacific Coast of Baja California Sur, Mexico. I. Blood following ingestion of sea turtle meat. Clinical Toxicology 49: biochemistry values. Chelonian Conservation and Biology 9: 571. Meeting Abstract #169. R.I. Kirschner, Nebraska Regional 162-172. (Address same as above) Poison Center, Omaha, NE, USA. LABRADA-MARTAGON, V., P.A. TENORIO RODRIGUEZ, KNIGHT, K. 2010. Diving leatherbacks regulate buoyancy. Journal L.C. MENDEZ-RODRIGUEZ & T. ZENTENO-SAVIN. 2011. of Experimental Biology 213: ii. DOI: 10.1242/jeb.052928 Oxidative stress indicators and chemical contaminants in East (E-mail: [email protected]) Pacific green turtles (Chelonia mydas) inhabiting two foraging coastal lagoons in the Baja California peninsula. Comparative KOBAYASHI, D.R., I-J. CHENG, D.M. PARKER, J.J. POLOVINA, Biochemistry and Physiology C-Toxicology & Pharmacology N. KAMEZAKI & G.H. BALAZS. 2011. Loggerhead 154: 65-75. V. Labrada-Martagon, CIBNOR, Ctr Invest Biol turtle (Caretta caretta) movement off the coast of Taiwan: Noroeste, Programa Planeac Ambiental & Conservac, Mar characterization of a hotspot in the East China Sea and Bermejo 195, La Paz 23090, Baja Calif Sur, Mexico.(E-mail: investigation of mesoscale eddies. ICES Journal of Marine [email protected]) Science (Online Prepublication DOI:10.1093/Icesjms/Fsq185). Also available at http://www.hawaiieod.com/Kobayashi-etal- LAL, A., R. ARTHUR, N. MARBA, A.W.T. LILL & T. ICES-JMS-2011-Taiwan-Loggerheads.pdf. D.R. Kobayashi, ALCOVERRO. 2010. 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PECKHAM, N. MAETHGER, L.M., K.J. LOHMANN, C.J. LIMPUS & K.A. PILCHER, N. LEBOEUF, S. MCDONALD, J. MOORE, C. FRITSCHES. 2011. An unsuccessful attempt to elicit orientation SAFINA & L.B. CROWDER. 2011. Ingredients for addressing responses to linearly polarized light in hatchling loggerhead the challenges of fisheries bycatch. Bulletin of Marine Science 87: sea turtles (Caretta caretta). Philosophical Transactions of the 235-250. R.L. Lewison, San Diego State University, Institute of Royal Society of London B Biological Sciences 366: 757-762. Ecological Monitoring & Management, 5500 Campanile Dr, San K.A. Fritsches, Univ Queensland, School Biomedical Science, Diego, CA 92182 USA. (E-mail: [email protected]) Sensory Neurobiology Group, Brisbane, Qld 4072, Australia. LEY-QUINONEZ, C., A.A. ZAVALA-NORZAGARAY, T.L. (E-mail: [email protected]) ESPINOSA-CARREON, H. PECKHAM, C. MARQUEZ- MAHMOUD, I.Y., A.Y. ALKINDI, T. KHAN & S.N. AL-BAHRY. HERRERA, L. CAMPOS-VILLEGAS & A.A. AGUIRRE. 2011. 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(E-mail: [email protected]) PADMAVATHY, A. & M. ANBARASHAN. 2011. Unexposed sea NAVARRO, J., M. COLL, M. LOUZAO, I. PALOMERA, A. turtle breeding sites need protection and conservation. Current DELGADO & M.G. FORERO. 2011. Comparison of ecosystem Science 100: 602. A. Padmavathy, Pondicherry University, modeling and isotopic approach as ecological tools to investigate Department of Ecology & Environmental Sciences, Kalapet food webs in the NW Mediterranean Sea. Journal of Experimental 605014, Puducherry India. (E-mail: [email protected]) Marine Biology and Ecology 401: 97-104. J. Navarro, ICM CSIC, PAEZ-OSUNA, F., M.F. CALDERON-CAMPUZANO, M.F. Passeig Mariam Barceloneta 37-49, Barcelona 08003, Spain. SOTO-JIMENEZ & J. RUELAS-INZUNZA. 2011. Mercury in (E-mail: [email protected]) blood and eggs of the sea turtle Lepidochelys olivacea from a NISHIZAWA, H., J. OKUYAMA, O. ABE, M. KOBAYASHI, K. nesting colony in Oaxaca, Mexico. Marine Pollution Bulletin 62: YOSEDA & N. ARAI. 2010. 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(E-mail: Dept of Biological Sciences, Florida Atlantic University, Building [email protected]) 01, Sanson Science, 777 Glades Road, Boca Raton, FL 33431, RAGLAND, J.M., M.D. ARENDT, J.R. KUCKLICK & J.M. USA. (E-mail: [email protected]) KELLER. 2011. Persistent organic pollutants in blood plasma PERRAULT, J., J. WYNEKEN, L.J. THOMPSON, C. JOHNSON of satellite-tracked adult male loggerhead sea turtles (Caretta & D.L. MILLER. 2011. Why are hatching and emergence caretta). Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry 30: 1549- success low? Mercury and selenium concentrations in nesting 1556. J.M. Ragland, College Charleston, Grice Marine Lab, leatherback sea turtles (Dermochelys coriacea) and their young Charleston, SC 29401, USA. (E-mail: [email protected]) in Florida. Marine Pollution Bulletin 62: 1671-1682. (Address REES, A.F., S. AL SAADY, A.C. BRODERICK, M.S. COYNE, N. same as above) PAPATHANASOPOULOU & B.J. GODLEY. 2010. Behavioural PINIAK, W.E. & K.L. ECKERT. 2011. 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Sea turtle population estimates Dipartimento Biol Anim & Uomo, Via Accademia Albertina incorporating uncertainty: a new approach applied to western 13, I-10123 Turin, Italy. (E-mail: [email protected]) North Atlantic loggerheads Caretta caretta. Endangered Species PIOVANO, S., M. CLUSA, C. CARRERAS, C. GIACOMA, M. Research (DOI: 10.3354/Esr00379) 15, no. 2: 151-158. P.M. PASCUAL & L. CARDONA. 2011. Different growth rates Richards, Southeast Fisheries Science Center, National Marine between loggerhead sea turtles (Caretta caretta) of Mediterranean Fisheries Service, 75 Virginia Beach Dr, Miami, FL 33149 USA. and Atlantic origin in the Mediterranean Sea. Marine Biology (E-mail: [email protected]) (DOI: 10.1007/S00227-011-1759-7) 158: 2577-2587. (Address RICHARDSON, K.L. & D. SCHLENK. 2011. Biotransformation same as above) of 2,2 ‘,5,5 ‘-tetrachlorobiphenyl (PCB 52) and 3,3 ‘,4,4 PIOVANO, S., Y. KASKA, E. PRAZZI, S. 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Endangered Species Research 13: 33-40. Cornell RIVERA, A.R.V., J. WYNEKEN & R.W. BLOB. 2011. Forelimb University, Office of Sponsored Programs, 373 Pine Tree Road, kinematics and motor patterns of swimming loggerhead sea Ithaca, NY 14850, USA. (E-mail: [email protected]) turtles (Caretta caretta): are motor patterns conserved in the evolution of new locomotor strategies? Journal of Experimental PONS, M., A. VERDI & A. DOMINGO. 2011. The pelagic crab Biology 214: 3314-3323. A.R.V. Rivera, Clemson Univ, Dept Planes cyaneus (Dana, 1851) Decapoda, Brachyura, Grapsidae) Biol Sci, 132 Long Hall, Clemson, SC 29634, USA. (E-mail: in the southwestern Atlantic Ocean in association with loggerhead [email protected]) sea turtles and buoys. Crustaceana 84: 425-34. RIZKALLA, C.E. & A. SAVAGE. 2011. Impact of seawalls on PUTMAN, N.F., C.S. ENDRES, C.M.F. LOHMANN & K.J. loggerhead sea turtle (Caretta caretta) nesting and hatching LOHMANN. 2011. Longitude perception and bicoordinate success. 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(E-mail: [email protected]) Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. (E-mail: alexander.robel@duke. SCALES, K.L., J.A. LEWIS, J.P. LEWIS, D. CASTELLANOS, edu) B.J. GODLEY & R.T. GRAHAM. 2011. Insights into habitat ROE, J.H., N.S. SILL, M.R. COLUMBIA & F.V. PALADINO. utilisation of the hawksbill turtle, Eretmochelys imbricata 2011. Trace metals in eggs and hatchlings of Pacific leatherback (Linnaeus, 1766), using acoustic telemetry. Journal of turtles (Dermochelys coriacea) nesting at Playa Grande, Costa Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology 407: 122-129. R.T. Rica. Chelonian Conservation and Biology 10: 3-9. J.H. Roe, Graham, Gulf & Caribbean Sharks & Rays Program, Wildlife Univ North Carolina, P.O. Box 1510, Pembroke, NC 28372, Conservation Society, P.O. Box 76, Punta Gorda, Belize. (E-mail: USA. (E-mail: [email protected]) [email protected]) ROSS, A. & M.G. FRICK. 2011. Nomenclatural emendations of SCHNELLER, A.J. & P.A. BAUM. 2011. The emergence of the family-group names Cylindrolepadinae, Stomatolepadinae, associational life in Mexico’s Wild West: Pioneering civic Chelolepadinae, Cryptolepadinae, and Tubicinellinae of Ross participation, sea turtle conservation & environmental awareness & Frick, 2007 - including current definitions of family-groups in Baja California Sur. Voluntas 22: 259-282. A.J. Schneller, Ctr within the Coronuloidea (Cirripedia: Balanomorpha). Zootaxa Coastal Studies, Sch Field Studies, Ap Postal 15, Puerto San 3106: 60-66. M.G. Frick, Archie Carr Center for Sea Turtle Carlos 23740, BS, Mexico. (E-mail: [email protected]) Research and Dept of Biology, P.O. Box 118525, University SCOTT, R., R. MARSH & G.C. HAYS. 2011. Life in the really of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA. (E-mail: caretta05@ slow lane: loggerhead sea turtles mature late relative to other aol.com) reptiles. Functional Ecology (Online Prepublication: DOI: ROWE, S.J. 2010. Conservation Services Programme observer 10.1111/j.1365-2435.2011.01915.x): 9 pp. G.C. Hays, Swansea report: 1 July 2007 to 30 June 2008. DOC Marine Conservation Moving Animal Research Team, Dept of Biosciences, College of Services Series 4: 1-97. S.J. Rowe, Marine Conservation Science, Swansea University, Swansea SA2 8PP, UK. (E-mail: Services, Dept of Conservation, P.O. Box 10420, Wellington [email protected]) 6143, New Zealand. (E-mail: [email protected]) SCOTT, R., R. MARSH & G.C. HAYS. 2011. A little movement RUSSELL, D.J., S. HARGROVE & G.H. BALAZS. 2011. Marine orientated to the geomagnetic field makes a big difference in sponges, other animal food & nonfood items found in digestive strong flows. Marine Biology (Published Online: DOI: 10.1007/ tracts of the herbivorous marine turtle Chelonia mydas in Hawai’i. S00227-011-1825-1): 8 pp. (Address same as above) Pacific Science 65: 375-381. D.J. Russell, Dept of Biology and SEA TURTLE ASSOCIATION OF JAPAN. 2011. A circular notice Chemistry, American University of Sharjah, P.O. Box 26666, on sea turtles in 2010. Umigame Newsletter of Japan No. 85: Sharjah, United Arab Emirates. (E-mail: [email protected]) 2-34. in Japanese. E-mail for Umigame Newsletter of Japan: SAKAOKA, K., M. YOSHII, H. OKAMOTO, F. SAKAI & K. “[email protected]” NAGASAWA. 2011. Sperm utilization patterns and reproductive SEA TURTLE ASSOCIATION OF JAPAN. 2011. Report and success in captive loggerhead turtles (Caretta caretta). Chelonian thanks on the 21st Japanese Sea Turtle Conference in Tahara. Conservation and Biology 10: 62-72. K. Sakaoka, Port Nagoya Umigame Newsletter of Japan No. 86: 2-4. in Japanese. E-mail Publ Aquarium, Minato Ku, 1-3 Minato Machi, Nagoya, Aichi for Umigame Newsletter of Japan: “[email protected]” 4550033, Japan. (E-mail: [email protected]) SENEY, E.E. & A.M. JR. LANDRY. 2011. Movement patterns SANDOVAL, S., V. GOMEZ-MUNOZ, J. GUTERREZ & M. of immature and adult female Kemp’s ridley sea turtles in the ANGEL PORTA-GANDARA. 2011. Metabolic heat estimation northwestern Gulf of Mexico. Marine Ecology Progress Series of the sea turtle Lepidochelys olivacea embryos. Journal of 440: 241-254. E.E. Seney, Erin Seney Consulting, Woodbridge, Thermal Biology 36: 138-141. M. Angel Porta-Gandara, VA USA. (E-mail: [email protected]) CIBNOR SC, Engn Grp, P.O. Box 128, La Paz 23000, Baja SENKO, J., A.J. SCHNELLER, J. SOLIS, F. OLLERVIDES & W.J. California, Mexico. (E-mail: [email protected]) NICHOLS. 2011. People helping turtles, turtles helping people: SANTORO, M., S. MATTIUCCI, M. PAOLETTI, A. LIOTTA, Understanding resident attitudes towards sea turtle conservation B. DEGLI UBERTI, G. GALIERO & G. NASCETTI. 2010. and opportunities for enhanced community participation in Molecular identification and pathology of Anisakis pegreffii Bahia Magdalena, Mexico. Ocean & Coastal Management 54: (Nematoda: Anisakidae) infection in the Mediterranean 148-157. J. Senko, Univ of Florida, Dept of Wildlife Ecology loggerhead sea turtle (Caretta caretta). Veterinary Parasitology and Conservation, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. (E-mail: jesse. 174: 65-71. M. Santoro, Univ Roma La Sapienza, Dept Public [email protected]) Health & Infect Diseases, Section Parasitology, Ple Aldo Moro, SETTAR, C. & T. TURNER. 2010. Coral reefs and residents of I-00185 Rome, Italy. (E-mail: [email protected]) the US Virgin Islands: A relationship of knowledge, outdoor SANTOS, R.G., A. SILVA MARTINS, J. DA NOBREGA FARIAS, activities and stewardship. Revista de Biologia Tropical 58: 197- P. ANTUNES HORTA, H. TERCIO PINHEIRO, E. TOREZANI, 212. Proceedings Paper. C. Settar, Univ Virgin Islands, Science Marine Turtle Newsletter No. 132, 2012 - Page 32 & Math Dept, 2 John Brewers Bay, St Thomas, VI 00802, USA. Sperling, Univ Queensland, School Integrated Biology, Brisbane, SHAMBLIN, B.M., M.G. DODD, K.L. WILLIAMS, M.G. FRICK, QLD 4072, Australia. (E-mail: [email protected]) R. BELL & C.J. NAIRN. 2011. Loggerhead turtle eggshells STEWART, K.R. & P.H. DUTTON. 2011. Paternal genotype as a source of maternal nuclear genomic DNA for population reconstruction reveals multiple paternity and sex ratios in genetic studies. Molecular Ecology Resources 11: 110-115. B.M. a breeding population of leatherback turtles (Dermochelys Shamblin, Univ Georgia, Daniel B Warnell Sch Forestry & Nat coriacea). Conservation Genetics 12: 1101-1113. K.R. Stewart, Resources, Athens, GA 30602, USA. (E-mail: brianshm@uga. \Southwest Fisheries Science Center, NMFS, NOAA, 3333 edu) N. Torrey Pines Ct, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA. (E-mail: kelly. SHAMBLIN, B.M., M.G. DODD, D.A. BAGLEY, L.M. [email protected]) EHRHART, A.D. TUCKER, C. JOHNSON, R.R. CARTHY, STEWART, K.R., J.M. KELLER, R. TEMPLETON, J.R. R.A. SCARPINO, E. MCMICHAEL, D.S. ADDISON, K.L. KUCKLICK & C. JOHNSON. 2011. Monitoring persistent WILLIAMS, M.G. FRICK, S. OUELLETTE, A.B. MEYLAN, organic pollutants in leatherback turtles (Dermochelys coriacea) M.H. GODFREY, S.R. MURPHY & C.J. NAIRN. 2011. Genetic confirms maternal transfer. Marine Pollution Bulletin 62: 1396- structure of the southeastern United States loggerhead turtle 1409. (Address same as above) nesting aggregation: evidence of additional structure within the STEWART, K., M. SIMS, A. MEYLAN, B. WITHERINGTON, B. peninsular Florida recovery unit. Marine Biology 158: 571-587. BROST & L.B. CROWDER. 2011. Leatherback nests increasing C.J. Nairn, Univ Georgia, Daniel B Warnell Sch Forestry & Nat significantly in Florida, USA; trends assessed over 30 years Resources, Athens, GA 30602 USA. (E-mail: jnairn@warnell. using multilevel modeling. Ecological Applications 21: 263-273. uga.edu) (Address same as above) SHESTER, G.G. & F. MICHELI. 2011. Conservation challenges for STOKES, L.W., D. HATAWAY, S.P. EPPERLY, A.K. SHAH, C.E. small-scale fisheries: Bycatch and habitat impacts of traps and BERGMANN, J.W. WATSON & B.M. HIGGINS. 2011. Hook gillnets. Biological Conservation 144: 1673-81. G.G. Shester, ingestion rates in loggerhead sea turtles Caretta caretta as a Oceana, 99 Pacific St, Ste 155C, Monterey, CA 93940 USA. function of animal size, hook size & bait. Endangered Species (E-mail: [email protected]) Research 14: 1-11. L. Stokes, NOAA Fisheries, Southeast SHILLINGER, G.L., A.M. SWITHENBANK, H. BAILEY, Fisheries Science Center, 75 Virginia Beach Drive, Miami, FL S.J. BOGRAD, M.R. CASTELTON, B.P. WALLACE, J.R. 33149, USA. (E-mail: [email protected]) SPOTILA, F.V. PALADINO, R. PIEDRA & B.A. BLOCK. 2011. SUSS, J.S., M.P. O’CONNOR & J.R. SPOTILA. 2011. Loggerhead Vertical and horizontal preferences of post-nesting leatherback turtle nest metabolism and gas exchange in Greece. Integrative turtles in the South Pacific Ocean. Marine Ecology Progress and Comparative Biology 51: E255. Meeting Abstract. J.S. Suss, Series 422: 275-289. G.L. Shillinger, Hopkins Marine Station, Drexel Univ, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. (E-mail: jss27@ Stanford University, 120 Oceanview Blvd, Pacific Grove, CA drexel.edu) 93950 USA. (E-mail: [email protected]) SWIMMER, Y., J. SUTER, R. ARAUZ, K. BIGELOW, A. LOPEZ, SMOLOWITZ, R.J. & M. WEEKS. 2011. Understanding and I. ZANELA, A. BOLANOS, J. BALLESTERO, R. SUAREZ, J. mitigating the impact of loggerhead (Caretta caretta) turtle WANG & C. BOGGS. 2011. Sustainable fishing gear: the case of interactions in the USA sea scallop fishery. Journal of Shellfish modified circle hooks in a Costa Rican longline fishery. Marine Research 30: 553. Meeting Abstract. Coonamessett Farm, E Biology 158: 757-767. Y. Swimmer, NOAA Fisheries, Pacific Falmouth, MA 02536 USA. Islands Fisheries Sci Ctr, 2570 Dole St, Honolulu, HI 96822, SNOVER, M.L., A.A. HOHN, L.B. CROWDER & S.A. MACKO. USA. (E-mail: [email protected]) 2010. Combining stable isotopes and skeletal growth marks to SWOT SCIENTIFIC ADVISORY BOARD. 2011. The State of the detect habitat shifts in juvenile loggerhead sea turtles Caretta World’s Sea Turtles (SWOT) Estandares de datos minimos para caretta. Endangered Species Research 13: 25-31. M.L. Snover, el monitoreo de las playas de anidacion de las tortugas marinas, Denali National Park and Preserve, P.O. Box 9, Denali Park, version 1.0. Handbook. State of the World’s Sea Turtles (SWOT), Alaska 99755, USA. (E-mail: [email protected]) 2011 Crystal Drive, Suite 500, Arlington, VA 22202, USA. (www. SNOVER, M.L., A.A. HOHN, L.R. GOSHE & G.H. BALAZS. SeaTurtleStatus.org): 28 pp. Spanish. 2011. Validation of annual skeletal marks in green sea turtles SWOT SCIENTIFIC ADVISORY BOARD. 2011. The State of the Chelonia mydas using tetracycline labeling. Aquatic Biology World’s Sea Turtles (SWOT) Minimum data standards for nesting 12: 197-204. (Address same as above) beach monitoring, version 1.0. Handbook. State of the World’s SOSLAU, G., J.A. RUSSELL, J.R. SPOTILA, A.J. MATHEW & Sea Turtles (SWOT), 2011 Crystal Drive, Suite 500, Arlington, P. BAGSIYAO. 2011. Acinetobacter sp. HM746599 isolated VA 22202, USA. (www.SeaTurtleStatus.org): 28 pp. from leatherback turtle blood. FEMS Microbiology Letters 322: TAGO, A. 2011. Interpretation of Taimaigame-zusetu: Japanese 166-171. G. Soslau, Drexel University College of Medicine, 245 Monograph of Hawksbill Turtle (1841). Umigame Newsletter of N 15th St, Philadelphia, PA 19102, USA. (E-mail: gsoslau@ Japan No. 88: 2-4. in Japanese. E-mail for Umigame Newsletter drexelmed.edu) of Japan: “[email protected]” SPERLING, J.B., G.C. GRIGG & C.J. LIMPUS. 2010. Diving TAGO, A. 2011. Interpretation of Taimaigame-zusetu: Japanese behaviour in two distinct populations of gravid flatback turtles Monograph of Hawksbill Turtle (1841). Umigame Newsletter of Natator depressus. Australian Zoologist 35: 291-306. J.B. Japan No. 87: 2-4. in Japanese. E-mail for Umigame Newsletter Marine Turtle Newsletter No. 132, 2012 - Page 33 of Japan: “[email protected]” VLAEMYNCK, F., E. TESSIER & G. CHEVIGNY. 2010. TANIGUCHI, M. & N. KAMEZAKI. 2011. Sea turtles occurred [Managing pyogranuloma in the middle ear of turtles.] Gestion from off the Kumano-nada coast. Nanki Seibutu 53: 65-67. d’un pyogranulome de l’oreille moyenne chez la tortue. Point Japanese. Veterinaire 41: 62-65. French. Clinique veterinaire du Caducee, 57, rue Salvador-Allende, 59120 Loos, France. TIWARI, M., G.H. BALAZS & S. HARGROVE. 2010. Estimating carrying capacity at the green turtle nesting beach of East Island, WAAYERS, D.A., L.M. SMITH & B.E. MALSEED. 2011. Inter- French Frigate Shoals. Marine Ecology Progress Series 419: 289- nesting distribution of green turtles (Chelonia mydas) and 294. M. Tiwari, Marine Turtle Ecology and Assessment Program, flatback turtles (Natator depressus) at the Lacepede Islands, Protected Resources Division, NOAA-NMFS, Southwest Western Australia. Journal of the Royal Society of Western Fisheries Science Center, 8604 La Jolla Shores Drive, La Jolla, Australia 94: 359-364. D.A. Waayers, RPS Environm and CA 92037, USA. (E-mail: [email protected]) Planning, POB 465, Subiaco, WA 6904, Australia. (E-mail: david. [email protected]) TOMAS, F., A. BOX & J. TERRADOS. 2011. Effects of invasive seaweeds on feeding preference and performance of a keystone WABNITZ, C.C., G.H. BALAZS, S. BEAVERS, K.A. BJORNDAL, Mediterranean herbivore. Biological Invasions 13: 1559-1570. A.B. BOLTEN, V. CHRISTENSEN, S. HARGROVE & D. F. Tomas, CSIC UIB, Inst Mediterraneo Estudios Avanzados PAULY. 2010. Ecosystem structure and processes at Kaloko IMEDEA, C Miquel Marques 21, Esporles 07190, Illes Balears, Honokohau, focusing on the role of herbivores, including the Spain. (E-mail: [email protected]) green sea turtle Chelonia mydas, in reef resilience. Marine Ecology Progress Series 420: 27-44. C.C. Wabnitz, Fisheries TRIPATHY, B. 2010. An investigation into olive ridley sea turtle Centre, AERL, University of British Columbia, 2202 Main Mall, (Lepidochelys olivacea) mortality along the Orissa coast of India. Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada. (E-mail: colette.wabnitz@ Testudo 7: 64-75. (E-mail: [email protected]) gmail.com) WAQAS, U., S.A. HASNAIN, E. AHMAD, M. ABBASI & A. WALLACE, B.P., A.D. DIMATTEO, B.J. HURLEY, E.M. PANDRANI. 2011. Conservation of green turtle (Chelonia FINKBEINER, A.B. BOLTEN, M.Y. CHALOUPKA, B.J. mydas) at Daran Beach, Jiwani, Balochistan. Pakistan Journal HUTCHINSON, F.A. ABREU-GROBOIS, D. AMOROCHO, of Zoology 43: 85-90. S.A. Hasnain, WWF - Pakistan, Jiwani, K.A. BJORNDAL, J. BOURJEA, B.W. BOWEN, R. Pakistan. (E-mail: [email protected]) BRISENO DUENAS, P. CASALE, B.C. CHOUDHURY, A. URHAN, R., Y. KATILMIS & M. YUKSEL. 2010. Invertebrate COSTA, P.H. DUTTON, A. FALLABRINO, A. GIRARD, M. infestation in loggerhead turtle (Caretta caretta) nests, in Dalyan, GIRONDOT, M.H. GODFREY, M. HAMANN, M. LOPEZ- Turkey. Munis Entomology & Zoology 5: 982-985. R. Urhan, MENDILAHARSU, M.A. MARCOVALDI, J.A. MORTIMER, Pamukkale Univ, Fac Arts and Sci, Dept Biol, Denizli, Turkey. J.A. MUSICK, R. NEL, N.J. PILCHER, J.A. SEMINOFF, S. (E-mail: [email protected]) TROENG, B. WITHERINGTON & R.B. MAST. 2010. Regional VALENTE, A.L.S., R. VELARDE, M. LUZ PARGA, I. MARCO, S. management units for marine turtles: a novel framework for LAVIN, F. ALEGRE & R. CUENCA. 2011. Reproductive status prioritizing conservation and research across multiple scales. of captive loggerhead sea turtles based on serum levels of gonadal PLoS One 5, no. 12: e15465. B.P. Wallace, Global Marine steroid hormones, corticosterone and thyroxin. Veterinary Journal Division, Conservation International, 2011 Crystal Drive, 187: 255-259. A.L.S. Valente, Univ Fed Pelotas, Inst Biol, Dept Suite 500, Arlington, VA 22202, USA. (E-mail: b.wallace@ Morfol, Campus Univ S-N,Caixa Postal 354, BR-96010900 conservation.org) Pelotas, RS Brazil. (E-mail: [email protected]) WALLACE, B.P., A.D. DIMATTEO, A.B. BOLTEN, M.Y. VANDER ZANDEN, H.B., K.A. BJORNDAL, P.W. INGLETT & CHALOUPKA, B.J. HUTCHINSON, F.A. ABREU-GROBOIS, A.B. BOLTEN. 2011. Marine-derived nutrients from green turtle J.A. MORTIMER, J.A. SEMINOFF, D. AMOROCHO, K.A. nests subsidize terrestrial beach ecosystems. Biotropica (Online BJORNDAL, J. BOURJEA, B.W. BOWEN, R. BRISENO Prepublication DOI: 10.1111/j.1744-7429.2011.00827.x): 8 pp. DUENAS, P. CASALE, B.C. CHOUDHURY, A. COSTA, P.H. H.B. Vander Zanden, Archie Carr Center for Sea Turtle Research DUTTON, A. FALLABRINO, E.M. FINKBEINER, A. GIRARD, and Dept of Biology, P.O. Box 118525, University of Florida, M. GIRONDOT, M. HAMANN, B. J. HURLEY, M. LOPEZ- Gainesville, FL 32611, USA. (E-mail: [email protected]) MENDILAHARSU, M.A. MARCOVALDI, J.A. MUSICK, R. VAN HOUTAN, K.S. & J.M. HALLEY. 2011. Long-term climate NEL, N.J. PILCHER, S. TROENG, B. WITHERINGTON & R.B. forcing in loggerhead sea turtle nesting. PLoS ONE 6, no. 4: MAST. 2011. Global conservation priorities for marine turtles. e19043. K.S. Van Houtan, Pacific Islands Fisheries Science PLoS One 6, no. 9: e24510. (Address same as above) Center, NOAA Fisheries Service, Honolulu, Hawaii, USA. WALLACE, B.P., B.J. HUTCHINSON, R.B. MAST & N.J. (E-mail: [email protected]) PILCHER. 2011. Putting conservation priority-setting for marine VARO CRUZ, N. 2011. Reproductive biology of the loggerhead turtles in context. Animal Conservation 14: 14-15. (Address turtle Caretta caretta (L., 1758) on Boavista, Cape Verde Islands. same as above) Zoologia Caboverdiana 2: 37-39. Dept de Biologia, Universidad WAQAS, U., S.A. HASNAIN, E. AHMAD, M. ABBASI & A. de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Campus de Tafira, 35017 Las PANDRANI. 2011. Conservation of green turtle (Chelonia Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain. (E-mail: nuriavaro@hotmail. mydas) at Baran Beach, Jiwani, Balochistan. Pakistan Journal com) of Zoology 43: 85-90. S.A. Hasnain, WWF Pakistan, Karachi,
Marine Turtle Newsletter No. 132, 2012 - Page 34 Pakistan. Project, Savannah, GA, USA. (E-mail: [email protected]) WARDEN, M.L. 2011. Modeling loggerhead sea turtle (Caretta WITHERINGTON, B.E., S. HIRAMA & A. MOSIER. 2011. caretta) interactions with US Mid-Atlantic bottom trawl gear Sea turtle responses to barriers on their nesting beach. Journal for fish and scallops, 2005-2008. Biological Conservation 144: of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology 401: 1-6. B. 2202-2212. M.L. Warden, 166 Water St, Woods Hole, MA 02543 Witherington, Florida FWCC - Florida FWRI, 9700 South A1A, USA. (E-mail: [email protected]) Melbourne Beach, FL 32951, USA. (E-mail: witherington@cfl. WARDEN, M.L. & K.T. MURRAY. 2011. Reframing protected rr.com) species interactions with commercial fishing gear: Moving toward WITHERINGTON, B., S. HIRAMA & A. MOSIER. 2011. Barriers estimating the unobservable. Fisheries Research 110: 387-390. to sea turtle nesting on Florida (USA) beaches: linear extent and (Address same as above) changes following storms. Journal of Coastal Research 27: 450- WATANABE, K.K., H. HATASE, M. KINOSHITA, K. OMUTA, 458. (Address same as above) T. BANDO, N. KAMEZAKI, K. SATO, Y. MATSUZAWA, K. WITT, M.J., E.A. BONGUNO, A.C. BRODERICK, M.S. GOTO, Y. NAKASHIMA, H. TAKESHITA, J. AOYAMA & K. COYNE, A. FORMIA, A. GIBUDI, G.A. MOUNGUENGUI, TSUKAMOTO. 2011. Population structure of the loggerhead C. MOUSSOUNDA, M.N. SAFOU, S. NOUGESSONO, turtle Caretta caretta, a large marine carnivore that exhibits R.J. PARNELL, G-P. SOUNGUET, S. VERHAGE & B.J. alternative foraging behaviors. Marine Ecology Progress Series GODLEY. 2011. Tracking leatherback turtles from the world’s 424: 273-283. H. Hatase, Atmosphere and Ocean Research largest rookery: assessing threats across the South Atlantic. Institute, University of Tokyo, 5-1-5 Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa, Proceedings of the Royal Society B. (Published Online at Chiba 277-8564, Japan. (E-mail: [email protected]) DOI:10.1098/Rspb.2010.2467): 10 pp. B.J. Godley, Marine WATANABE, Y.Y., K. SATO, Y. WATANUKI, A. TAKAHASHI, Turtle Research Group, Centre for Ecology and Conservation, Y. MITANI, M. AMANO, K. AOKI, T. NARAZAKI, T. IWATA, School of Biosciences, Univ of Exeter, Cornwall Campus, S. MINAMIKAWA & N. MIYAZAKI. 2011. Scaling of swim Penryn, Cornwall, TR10 9EZ, UK. (E-mail: b.j.godley@exeter. speed in breath-hold divers. Journal of Animal Ecology 80: 57- ac.uk) 68. Y.Y. Watanabe, Natl Inst Polar Research, Tokyo 1908518, WYNEKEN, J., S.P. EPPERLY, B. HIGGINS, E. MCMICHAEL, Japan. (E-mail: [email protected]) C. MERIGO & J.P. FLANAGAN. 2010. PIT tag migration in sea WEBER, S.B., J.D. BLOUNT, B.J. GODLEY, M.J. WITT & A.C. turtle flippers. Herpetological Review 41: 448-454. J. Wyneken, BRODERICK. 2011. Rate of egg maturation in marine turtles Florida Atlantic Univ, Dept of Biological Sciences, 777 Glades exhibits ‘universal temperature dependence’. Journal of Animal Road, Boca Raton, FL 33431, USA. (E-mail: [email protected]) Ecology 80: 1034-1041. A.C. Broderick, Univ Exeter, Coll Life XIA, Z.R., P.P. LI, H.X. GU, J.J. FONG & E.M. ZHAO. 2011. & Environm Sci, Ctr Ecology & Conservation, Cornwall Campus, Evaluating noninvasive methods of sex identification in green Penryn TR10 9EZ, Cornwall, England. (E-mail: a.c.broderick@ sea turtle (Chelonia mydas) hatchlings. Chelonian Conservation exeter.ac.uk) and Biology 10: 117-123. Z.R. Xia, Huidong Gangkou Sea Turtle WERNECK, M.R., E.H.S.M. LIMA, B.M.G. GALLO & R.J. Natl Nat Reserve, Sea Turtle Bay, Gangkou Town, Huidong Cty DA SILVA. 2011. Occurrence of Amphiorchis solus (Simha 516359, Guangdong Prov, Peoples Republic of China. & Chattopadhyaya, 1970) (Digenea: Spirorchiidae) infecting YAMAMOTO, A. 2011. Vertical profile change of sandy beaches the green turtle Chelonia mydas Linnaeus, 1758 (Testudines: in Sagara, Shizuoka. Umigame Newsletter of Japan No. 88: Cheloniidae) in Brazil. Comparative Parasitology 78: 200-203. 8-12. in Japanese. E-mail for Umigame Newsletter of Japan: M.R. Werneck, Fundacao Protamar, Rua Antonio Athanazio “[email protected]” da Silva 273, BR-11680000 Sao Paulo, Brazil. (E-mail: niax@ YODER, J.A., S.C. DONEY, D.A. SIEGEL & C. WILSON. tamar.org.br) 2010. Study of marine ecosystems and biogeochemistry now WHITE, M., L. BOURA & L. VENIZELOS. 2010. An overview and in the future: Examples of the unique contributions from of MEDASSET’s role in sea turtle research and conservation space. Oceanography 23: 104-117. J.A. Yoder, Woods Hole in Albania. Testudo 7: 43-54. M. White, c/o Centro Recupero Oceanographic Institution, Woods Hole, MA 02543, USA. Tartarughe Marine-WWF, 92010 Lampedusa (AG), Italy. (E-mail: [email protected]) (E-mail: [email protected]) YORULMAZ, B., M. BARLAS, F. YILMAS & N. OZDEMIR. WHORISKEY, S., R. ARAUZ & J.K. BAUM. 2011. Potential 2010. Fishing activities and pollution risk in the Koycegiz Lagoon impacts of emerging mahi-mahi fisheries on sea turtle and System. EIFAC Occasional Paper 44: 72-78. Meeting paper. B. elasmobranch bycatch species. Biological Conservation 144: Yorulmaz, Mugla University, Science and Art Faculty, Biology 1841-1849. J.K. Baum, Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Natl Ctr Ecol Department, Kotekli - MUGLA, Turkey. Anal & Synth, 735 State St, Suite 300, Santa Barbara, CA 93101 YUUTANI, M. & N. KAMEZAKI. 2011. Proposal of names USA. (E-mail: [email protected]) indicating external morphological regions. Umigame Newsletter WILLIAMS, K.L., M.G. FRICK, A.M. LEBLANC, K.K. DRAKE, of Japan No. 87: 10-13. in Japanese. E-mail for Umigame J. TUTTLE, J. SPARROW & D. ROSTAL. 2011. Long-term Newsletter of Japan: “[email protected]” study of loggerhead sea turtle hatchling sex ratios on two Georgia ZBINDEN, J.A., S. BEARHOP, P. BRADSHAW, B. GILL, D. barrier islands (2000-2010). Integrative and Comparative Biology MARGARITOULIS, J. NEWTON & B.J. GODLEY. 2011. 51: E267. Meeting Abstract. K.L. Williams, Caretta Research Migratory dichotomy and associated phenotypic variation in Marine Turtle Newsletter No. 132, 2012 - Page 35 marine turtles revealed by satellite tracking and stable isotope THESES AND DISSERTATIONS analysis. Marine Ecology Progress Series 421: 291-302. (E-mail: FRANCKE, D.L. 2011. To dive or not to dive: Juvenile green sea [email protected]) turtle (Chelonia mydas) behavior and habitat use in Kawai’nui, ZOLGHARNEIN, H., M.A.M. SALARI-ALIABADI, A.M. O’ahu, Hawai’i. M.S. Thesis. Hawai’i Pacific University, FOROUGMAND & S. ROSHANI. 2011. Genetic population Honolulu, HI. structure of Hawksbill turtle (Eretmochelys imbricta) using TECHNICAL REPORTS microsatellite analysis. Iranian Journal of Biotechnology 9: 56- 62, 75. English. Language of Summary: Persian. Dept of Marine PRICE, B. & J. GEARHART. 2011. Evaluations of Turtle Excluder Biology, Faculty of Marine Science, Khorramshahr University of Device (TED) performance in U.S. Southeast Atlantic and Gulf of Marine Science and Technology, P.O. Box 669, Khorramshahr, Mexico skimmer trawl fisheries. NOAA Technical Memorandum Khuzestan, Iran. NMFS-SEFSC 615: 1-15. B. Price, National Marine Fisheries Service, Harvesting Systems, 101 Pivers Island Road, Beaufort, NC 28516, USA (E-mail: [email protected])
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
Publication of this issue was made possible by donations from the following individuals: Holger Vetter, Ivan Cumpian, Anne Voigt and organizations: Conservation International, International Sea Turtle Society, IUCN - Marine Turtle Specialist Group, Sirtrack Ltd., US National Marine Fisheries Service-Office of Protected Resources,Western Pacific Regional Fishery Management Council.
The MTN-Online is produced and managed by Michael Coyne.
The opinions expressed herein are those of the individual authors and are not necessarily shared by the Editors, the Editorial Board, National Marine Fisheries Service, NC Wildlife Resources Commission, or any individuals or organizations providing financial support.
Marine Turtle Newsletter No. 132, 2012 - Page 36 INSTRUCTIONS FOR AUTHORS
The remit of the Marine Turtle Newsletter (MTN) is to provide current Tables/Figures/Illustrations information on marine turtle research, biology, conservation and status. All figures should be stored as separate files: .tif or .jpeg format. The editors A wide range of material will be considered for publication including will scan figures, slides or photos for authors who do not have access to editorials, articles, notes, letters and announcements. The aim of the MTN such facilities. Tables and figures should be given in Arabic numerals. is to provide a forum for the exchange of ideas with a fast turn around to Photographs will be considered for inclusion. ensure that urgent matters are promptly brought to the attention of turtle biologists and conservationists world-wide. The MTN will be published References quarterly in January, April, July, and October of each year. Articles, notes The literature cited should include only references cited in the text. All and editorials will be peer-reviewed. Announcements may be edited but journal titles should be given in full. Please use the following formats: will be included in the forthcoming issue if submitted prior to the 15th For an article in a journal: of February, May, August and November respectively. All submissions HENDRICKSON, J. 1958. The green sea turtle, Chelonia mydas (Linn.), should be sent to the editors and not the members of the editorial board. in Malaya and Sarawak. Proceedings of the Royal Zoological Society A contact address should be given for all authors together with an e-mail of London 130:455-535. or fax number for correspondence regarding the article. For a book: Text MROSOVSKY, N. 1983. Conserving Sea Turtles. British Herpetological To ensure a swift turnaround of articles, we ask that, where possible, all Society, London. 177pp. submissions be in electronic format either as an attached file in e-mail or For an article in an edited volume; on compact disc in Word for Windows or saved as a text file in another GELDIAY, R., T. KORAY & S. BALIK. 1982. Status of sea turtle word-processing package. Should these formats not be suitable, authors populations (Caretta caretta and Chelonia mydas) in the northern should contact the editors to seek alternative arrangements. If internet Mediterranean Sea, Turkey. In: K.A. Bjorndal (Ed.). Biology and access or compatible computer facilities are not available, hard copies Conservation of Sea Turtles. Smithsonian Institute Press, Washington of the article can be sent to the editors by mail or fax. D.C. pp. 425-434. Scientific names should be italicised and given in full in their first Where there are multiple authors the initials should precede the last appearance. Citations in the text should be in alphabetical order and take name except in the case of the first author: the form of: (Carr et al. 1974; Hailman & Elowson 1992; Lagueux 1997). BJORNDAL, K.A., A.B. BOLTEN, C.J. LAGUEUX & A. CHAVES. 1996. Please keep the number of references to a minimum. Probability of tag loss in green turtles nesting at Tortuguero, Costa Rica. Journal of Herpetology 30:567-571.
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