– VIII – ABC GUIDE TO BIRD CONSERVATION Table of Contents

III Foreword 228 Birdscape IV Preface The Everglades VI Acknowledgements Bottoms and Quivira NWR Platte River and Rainwater Basin Great Salt Lake 2 Introduction The Grasslands Ecological Area The Salton Sea 18 Chapter 1: WatchList Birds (see index James Campbell NWR p. 439) 246 Marine Birdscape Cape Cod and nearby Islands 128 Chapter 2: Habitats 130 Hawaiian Uplands Birdscape Gulf Stream off Cape Hatteras Hawaii Uplands Florida Keys and Dry Tortugas Haleakala Aransas NWR Kauai Uplands California Current 140 Arctic Tundra Birdscape Copper River Delta and Montague Island Arctic NWR Alaska Maritime NWR Yukon Delta NWR Northwest Hawaiian Islands 148 Northern Forests Birdscape Yukon Flats NWR 270 Human Birdscape Adirondack Park Central Park Kirtland’s Warbler MA Watershed 158 Western Forests Birdscape Olympic Peninsula 278 Chapter 3: Threats Sierra Nevada 280 Habitat Loss Wallowa-Whitman NF Development Yellowstone Mining and Drilling Rocky Mountain NP Agriculture Coronado NF Grazing 174 Eastern Forests Birdscape Forestry Great Smoky Mountains Fire and Water Management Ozark NF 294 Invasive and Overabundant Species Kittatinny Ridge Mammals 184 Southern Forests Birdscape Birds Big Woods Reptiles Apalachicola NF Insects Lake Wales Ridge Diseases Plants 194 Grasslands and Prairies Birdscape Flint Hills 316 Collisions Comanche NG Buildings and Glass Lostwood NWR Communication Towers 204 Southern Arid Lands Birdscape Wind Turbines and Power Lines Big Bend NP 320 Exploitation and Persecution Fort Hood Hunting Lower Rio Grande Valley Crop-eating Birds 214 Western Arid Lands Birdscape Vultures Great Basin NP Fish-eating Birds Gunnison Basin Cabeza Prieta NWR and Organ Pipe Cactus NM San Pedro Riparian NCA Camp Pendleton

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Glossary 325 Fisheries Longlines Apart from “Important Bird Area”, only legally Gillnets enforceable land designations are usually cited Horseshoe Crab Overharvest (e.g., NWR, NP). The word “endangered” 329 Pollution and Toxics appears with a capital E when we refer to Pesticides formal IUCN and ESA categories. Subspecies Acid Rain are indicated by inverted commas around the Lead Oil subspecies e.g., “Northern” Spotted Owl. Marine Debris 342 Climate Change ABC American Bird Conservancy AZE Alliance for Zero Extinction 346 Chapter 4: International Bird BBS Breeding Bird Survey Conservation BCR Bird Conservation Region 346 Birds IBA Important Bird Area 350 Habitats BLM Bureau of Land Management 354 High Altitude Birdscape CRP Conservation Reserve Program Vilcanota, Peru EPA Environmental Protection Agency 360 Montane and Temperate Forests Birdscape ESA Endangered Species Act El Dorado, Colombia EEZ Exclusive Economic Zone 364 Lowland Tropical Forests Birdscape FWS U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service Stresemann’s Bristlefront Reserve, Brazil IUCN IUCN-World Conservation Union 370 Grasslands Birdscape NABCI North American Bird Conservation Saltillo Savanna, Mexico Initiative 376 Arid Lands Birdscape NCA National Conservation Area Yunguilla and Jorupe Reserves, Ecuador NF National Forest 380 Wetlands Birdscape NG National Grassland Lake Junin and Lake Titicaca, Peru and Bolivia NGO Non-governmental Organization 384 Marine Birdscape Paracas National Reserve, Peru NM National Monument (note that the state New Mexico also appears as NM) 390 International Threats NP National Park 402 International Conservation Action NRCS Natural Resources Conservation Service NS National Seashore 408 Chapter 5: Strategies and Actions NWR National Wildlife Refuge 419 National Bird Conservation Priorities - PIF Partners in Flight State by State Snags Standing dead trees SP State Park 429 Bird Conservation Directory TNC The Nature Conservancy U.S. of America 436 Bibliography USDA U.S. Department of Agriculture USFS U.S. Forest Service 439 Index WatchList U.S. WatchList of birds of conservation concern 447 Join ABC! WMA Wildlife Management Area

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