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Home , Ecphora, Ecphora (genus), Latiaxis, Muricinae, Paziella, Poirieria

TWO NEW OF FROM THE AND PALEOCENE OF THE GULF COASTAL PLAIN WITH COMMENTS ON THE ODONTOPOLYS GABB, 1860

C.L.GARVIE HOUSTON, TEXAS*

I. ABSTRACT Genus Jousseaume , 1880 Two new species of muricid gastropods Poirieria JOUSSEAUME, 1880, L e Naturali::.te, are described: Poirieria () cre­ An nee 2, no. 42, p. 335. tacea, from the Kemp Clay (Cretaceous: Type s pecies : zelandicus Quoy and ) in Te xas, a nd Pteryrwtus Gaimard, 1833, by original designa tio n. () aurorae, from the Be ll s Land­ ing Marl Membe r of the Tuscahoma For­ Subgenus PAZIELLA Jousseaume, 1880 mation (Paleocene) of Alabama. The new Paziella J OUSSEAUME, 1880, Le Naturalistc, species of Poirieria is the first reported oc­ An nee 2, no. 42 , p. 335. currence of a muricine to be d iscovered in Type species: Murex pazi Crosse, 1869, by the Cretaceous of the New World a nd only original desig nation. the second worldwide . The p reviously known species from Saxony, easte rn Ger­ POIRIERIA (PAZU:LLA) CH. ETACEA many, is a seconda ry homonym and is re­ C.L. Garvie, n. sp. named Poirieria (? Paziella) cenomae Plate I fi gures 1, 2 herein. Examination of the type species of Description: Protoconch initially of 112 whorl, the genus Odontopolys Ga bb, 1860, indi­ enrolled, acute , followed by 3 1/2 smooth, cates its relationship to the genus V it­ rounded whorls, first va ri x appearing at the lower point of the whorl. The fi rst teleoconch ularia. whorl with six lame lla r cu rved varices, succes· sive ones incre asingly protruding from the bot­ II. ACKNOWLE DGMENT S tom of the whorL Six or seven varices on the The writer gra tefull y acknow le d ges the spire whorls and fi ve on the adult body whorl. assistance and encouragement of Emil y H . Varices, thick, heavy, angular on the shoulder Vokes and David T. Dockery, III. In ad d i­ and swinging forwa rd strongly above the shoul· der, meeting the preceeding whorls at an acute tion, Emily H. Vokes kind ly su ppli e d angle. Surface smooth, no visible spiral photographs of the Poirieria a nd Odon­ sculpture on s pire; body whorl with five or six topolys specime ns . Tha nks a lso go to K laus weak rounded cords in the intervaricial area Bandel who kindly permitted me to state from the shoulde r to the canal. Aperture trian· some conclusions from a pape r he has in gular in outline, outer lip with two denticles preparation on Cre taceous gastropods. Fi­ under the shoulder area and seven on the re­ nally, I would like to thank my wife S hi r­ maining portion. Inner li p smooth with a moder­ ley, who found the first specimen of the ate deposit of callus and an incipient denticle under the top of the w horl. Siphonal canal short, Cretaceous muricine. open and mode ra te ly recurved. Dimensions o.fholotype: height 16.5 mrn, diam­ III. SYSTEMATIC DESCRIPTIONS eter 10.1 m m. Holotype: USNM 455526. Phylum Type locality: Colorado river, blufT on left Class Cuvie r, 1797 bank at Web be r vi lle, Travis County, Texas. U Subclass PROSOBRANCHIA S. Geologica l Survey locality 7601. Milne-Edwards, 1848 Occu rren ce: Kemp Clay·, Upper Cretaceous Order Wenz, 1938 (Maastrichtian). Superfamily MURICACEA Discussion: The Muricacea has been Rafinesque, 1815 thought to be well-represented in the Late Family da Costa, 1776 Cretaceous of the New World by the Subfamily MURICINAE da Costa, 1776 muricid subfamilies and Moreinae with genera , Sargana, Morea, Paramorea, and Schizobasis and *Mailing address: P.O. Box 691091, Houston, TX the family Magilidae, with the genera 71269 Latiaxis and Lowenstamia. See Sohl, 87 88 Tulane Studies in Geology and Paleontology Vol. 24

(1964) for discussion of many species from gated, has fewer and less foliated varices, the Ripley, Owl Creek and Prairie Bluff even less spiral sculpture than P. harrisi formations. However, examining the pro­ and two more denticles on the outer lip. toconchs of some of the well-preserved Five specimens were recovered from the fauna of the Coffee Sand in Mississippi, Kemp Clay, two adult and three juveniles Klaus Bandel (pers. comm.) has shown (one now lost). One juvenile has the lower that Sargana is a close relative of the part of the body whorl broken off and Trichotropid branch of the Mesogas­ shows a columellar groove within the tropoda and Lowenstamia is probably a spire, a feature that is not visible in the member of the Ficidae. The genus Ec­ aperture of the other unbroken specimens. phora , or a close look-alike has been re­ The Webberville location where the ported from the Cretaceous by Soh!, but specimens were found was collected by according to both Klaus Bandel and Emily Stephenson and Deussen in 1911 and does Vokes (pers. comm.) its systematic place­ not seem to have been commented on ment is incorrect. Petuch (1988, p. 12) con­ since then. As with many other localities siders it to be an "unnamed subgenus" of on the Colorado river, it has greatly de­ Sargana. teriorated since the series of dams was constructed upstream from Austin and With regard to the subfamily Muricinae, regular scouring by floodwaters no longer even world-wide only one species has takes place. Both adult specimens show been reported, Murex armatus Geinitz, evidence of abrasion, a condition also seen 1874, from the Late Cretaceous (Cenoma­ in many of the other larger gastropods nian) of Saxony, eastern Germany. As from this location. The bulk of the fauna is Vokes (1970, p. 5) noted, that name is found in one thin layer that appears to be a preoccupied by M. armatus A. Adams, channel deposit. 1854. The Saxony species is herein re­ named Poirieria (?Paziella) cenomae. An The Kemp Clay (Navarro Group) is the examination of Geinitz's two figures of highest stratigraphic unit in the Upper Murex arrnatus shows a shell with seven or Cretaceous series of Texas; Stephenson eight varices terminating in long open (1941) gives a description of the diverse spines. On the apertural view the illustra­ fauna of 105 species of which 99 are Mol­ tion also shows weak spiral sculpture on lusca and their relationships to equivalent the shoulder area. The aperture is broken ones worldwide. Stephenson interpreted so one cannot know whether denticles the environment as being marine, not ex­ were present; Vokes, (1970, p. 5) was con­ ceeding 100 fathoms in depth. fident it had a long, extended canal. With­ At Webberville the middle part of the out a hand examination one cannot abso­ Kemp Clay is exposed and consists of lutely place the species but it appears to be black carbonaceous shales and sandy clay. a Paziella. Given the time interval of at The fossil fauna shows evidence of being least 26 million years between the deposits transported in agitated conditions. Most of containing Murex armatus and those con­ the fauna is found in thin sandy layers that taining P. cretacea, it is surprising that the often include fragments of fossil wood. The two species are so closely related. With smaller specimens are most often found on such strong muricine characters already the lee side of large mollusk fragments, present in P.cenomae and the apparent which are commonly fragments of an am­ slow evolution of the genus, indications are monite. Approximately five miles north, at that the ancestral stock must have ap­ the Littig clay pit, Kocurek (1 978) has inter­ peared much earlier, perhaps near the be­ preted the Kemp environment as deltaic, ginning of the Cretaceous. prodelta with shelf deposits; the proximity of the delta could explain the depositional The closest species to P. cretacea is environment. The Cretaceous fauna at the Poirieria (Paziella) harrisi E. H. Vokes, Littig clay pit itself is very meager, the only 1970, to which it bears a close resemblance species the author has been able to find and which is in all probability its descen­ are a few poorly preserved specimens of dant. The Cretaceous species is more elon- Tell ina spp. and Nucula spp. No.4 CTetaceous and Paleocene Muricinae 89

Genus PTERYNOTUS Swainson, 1833 matthewsensis lacks the intervaricial nodes Pterynotus SWAJNSON, 1833, Zool. Illust., (Ser. but is more strongly shouldered and bears 2) vol. 3, expl. to pl. 100. prominent spines. Ty pe species: Murex pinnatus Swainson, The Tuscahoma Formation of the 1822, by s ubsequent designation, Swainson, Sabine Stage has long been considered to 1833. be of Early age. Recent dating using nannoplankton has established an Subge nus PTERYNOTUS s.s. NP 9 zone age (see Siesser, 1983), which corresponds to a Thanetian (Paleocene) PTERYNO'I'US (PTERYNOTUS) A URORAE age. C.L. Garvie, n. sp. Plate I, fi gures 3, 4 Genus ODONTOPOLYS Gabb, 1860 Description: Whorls six (protoconch missing Odontopolys GABB, 1860, Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila­ and first two extant whorls very worn), rounded delphia, Jour., (Ser. 2) vol. 4, pt. 4, p. 317. and ve1·y slightly shouldered. Suture impressed Type species: Murex compsorhytes Gabb, and margined below with a slight subsutural 1860, by original designation. swe lling. Three foliated ruffled varices per whorl, the line of the varices making a slight Discussion: The type species of Odon­ adapertural spiral down from the apex. Inter~ topolys Gabb, 1860, was described from the varicial axial sculpture consisting of about live Wheelock Member of the Crockett Forma­ weak, irregular ribs angling fo1·ward on the tion in Texas. In spite of efforts made by shoulder to meet the suture at an acute angle, Stenzel (see Stenzel, Krause, and Twin­ dying out toward the base of the body whorl. ing, 1957), the author, and others, the origi Spiral sculpture consisting of five low rounded nal type locality of the Wheelock Member cords on the spire and about 12 on the body where Gabb's species was presumably col whorl. Aperture elliptical, outer lip with six den­ lected is now lost. About 19 miles from tides, parietal region smooth , excavated and Wheelock are exposures of the Wheelock with a smClll medial swe lling . Siphonal canal moderate in size and slightly curved to the left. Member on the banks of the Little Brazos Dimensions o.fholotype: height 25 mm, diame­ river, which have furnished numerous ter 12 mm. specimens of 0. compsorhytes. Mainte Holotype: USNM 455527. nance operations by the Texas Highway Type locality: Greggs L and ing on the department in the vicinity of Wheelock Alabama river, locality AMo-1 of'Toulmin, 1977. some years ago did expose Wheelock marl Occurrence: Bells Landing Marl Member of and an examination established their simi the Tuscahoma Formation, Paleocene. la rity to the upper part of the formation ex Discussion: This new species is rep­ posed at the Little Brazos River locatJm1~. resented by a single specimen. The three­ Gabb described Odontopolys as having w inged shape with the foliated varices two columellar folds or plaits, a feature would seem to mandate an assignment to that would preclude an assignment withm Pterynotus s.s., but other features are the Muricinac, although a few spec1e: atypical. The siphonal canal is relatively with in the subfamilies Muricopsinne a 1d short and straight and not bent to the right, Ergalataxinae (E. H. Vokes, pers. COI""rlr ) the lower columella lip, although no longer do possess true columellar folds. However, complete, is quite thick and must have an examination of several broken speci­ covered the canal substantially more than mens from the Wheelock Member estab· is now showing. A distinctive feature of lishes that Gabb's columellar plaits arc ac most early Tertiary species of Ptert)1wtus tually elongated denticles. s.s. is a n intervaricial node or ridge; the Gabb did not describe the protoconch. only Gulf coast Paleogene species lacking this is conical, set at a slight angle to the that feature is PteTynotus (P.) matthews­ axis of the shell, similar to the protoconch ensis (Aldrich, 1886) from the Matthews of salebrosa (King and Broderip, Landing beds (Paleocene) of Alabama. All 1832)) and consists of three smooth whorls, Claibornian and J acksonia n species of the suture of which is minutely crenulated PteTynotus possess inte rvaricial nodes and below. The first two whorls are smoothly P. auTm·ae can be separated from those by rounded, the last one shouldered. The crc­ that feature alone, although its more elon­ nulated feature is diagnostic and can be gate form is a lso distinctive. Pterynotus used to separate juvenile specimens of 0. 90 T u lane S tudies in Geology an d Paleon tology Vol. 24 com psorhytes fr om t h e otherwise ver y sim i­ ALDRICH , T. H., 1886, P reliminar· y report on lar appearing ju veniles of Pterynotus (P.) the Te rtia ry fossils of Alabama a nd Missis­ sabinola Palmer, 1960, and a ll othe r C la i­ sippi: Geol. S ur·v. Alabama, Bull. I, p . 15-60, bornian juveniles of Pterynotus. pis. 1-H, tables 1-1 0. CONRAD, T. A., 1860, Descr·iption of new The teleoconch has greater variability species of Cretaceous and Eocene fossils of than Gabb described. The number of in­ Mississippi and Alabama: Acad. Nat. Sci. tervaricial ribs may vary from two to six, Philadelphia, Jour., (Ser. 2) vol. 4., pt. 3, p. with three being the most common 275-298, pis. 46-47. number. The strength of the columellar COSTA, E. M. da, 1776, Elements of Conchol­ denticlcs also varies widely from being in­ ogy. 318 p., 7 pls., London. conspicuous to prominent. CROSSE, H., 1869, Diagnoses molluscorum In outline 0. compsorhytes greatly re­ novor·um: Jour. Conchyliologie, vol. 17, p. sembles Vitularia linguabison ( = V. sale­ 183-188. CUVIER, G., 1797, Tableau elementaire de brosa) Vokes, 1967, described from the l'histoire nature lie des animaux. xvi I 710 p, "" (i.e., the Fruitville 14 pis., Paris. Formation) of Florida. Instead of the pus­ GABB, W.M., 1860, Descriptions of new species tulosc surface seen in that species, as well of American Tertiary and Cretaceous fossils: as in other species of Vitularia, there is a Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, Jour., (Ser·. 2) peculiarly polished malleated surface upon vol. 4, pl. 4, p. 375-406, pis. G7-69. which arc low spiral lines whose .strength GEINITZ, H. B., 1874, Das Elblhalgebirge. I. varies somewhrtt irregularly as they cross Der untere Quader: Palaeontographica, vol. over the rounded axial ribs. Points of simi­ 20, p. 1-320, pis. 53-60. larity with Vitularia are the apertural GMELTN, J. F., 1791, Caroli a Linne Systema Natur·ae, Ed. 13, vol. T, pars VI, Vermes, p. 2 shape, the denticulate labrum, the wide I 302\-3910. variability in shell characters, the inner lip JOUSSEAUME, F., 1880, Division methodrque separated from the lower portion of the de Ia famille des Purpurides: Le Natun1liste, .siphonal canal and the low shouldered An nee 2, no. 42, p. 3:{5-33(). whorls. A completely closed canal is also KING, P. P., and W. J. BRODERIP, 1832, De­ seen in some specimens of Vitularia scription of" Cir-rhipeda. Conchifer·a and Mol­ miliaris (Gmelin, 1791). Two well-pre­ lusca ... the southern coasts of South Amer­ served .specimens of 0. compsurhytes show ica: Zool. Jour., vol. 5, no. 1!), p. 332-349. the siphonal canal to be completely closed KOCUREK, G., 1978, Deltaic deposits in Kemp (Upper Cretaceous) and Kincaid (Paleocene) (although not fused along the edge). Were formations, south-central Texas: Geol. Soc. the smooth varices of Odontopolys lamel­ A mer., Abstracts with Programs. vol. 10, no. lose the differences between it and Vit­ I, p. 21. ularia would be slight indeed. MILNE-EDWARDS, H., 1848, Note sur Ia classi­ fication naturelle des Mollusques Gas­ teropodes: Ann. Sci. Nat. Zool., (SeL 3) vol. 9, p. 102-1 12. TV. LITERATURE CITED PALMER, K. V. W., inK. V. W. PALMER and ADAMS, A., 1854, Description of new shells D. C. BRANN, 1960, Catalogue of the from the collection of H. Cuming Esq.: Zoo!. Paleocene and Eocene Mollusca of the south­ Soc. London, Proc., pt. 2 1 (1853), p. G9-74. ern and eastern United States: Bulls. Amer.

PLATE I Figures I, 2. Poirieria (Paziella) cretacea C.L. Garvie, n . .sp. USNM 455526 (holotype); he ig ht 16.5 mm, dia me te r 10. 1 mm. USGS locality 7601 , Webbervi ll e, Colorad o River ; K e mp Cl ay. 3, 4. Pterynotus (Pteryn otus) aurorae C. L . Garvie, n. s p . USNM 455527; he ight 25 .0 mm, dia me te r 12. 0 mm. Toulmin locali ty AMo-1, Greggs L a nding, Alabama Rive r; B e ll s L a nding Ma rl Member o f th e Tuscahoma Formation. 5. Odontopolys com psorhytes (Ga bb, 1860) Texas BEG 11 3-T -9 ; he ight 18 .7 mm, diameter 9 mm. A labam a F e rry, Trinity River; L a ndrum M e mbe r of Cook Mountain Forma tion. No.4 Cretaceous and Paleocene Muricinae 91

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3

4 5

PLATE 1 9Z Tulane Studies in Geology and Paleontology Vol. 24

Paleontology, vol. 48, no. 218, p. 1-1057 , pis. STEPH ENSON, L. W. , 1941, T he lcuger inver­ 1-5. tebrate fo ssil s of the Navarro G r·oup of PETUCH, E. J. , 1988, F;eld gu;de lo lhe Ec­ Texas : Univ. Texas Bur. Econ. Geo!. Pub\. phoras. Coastal Education and Resear·ch 4101, p.1 -641 , pis. 1-95. Foundation I CERF I, Charlottesville, Vir­ SWAINSON, W., 1820-1833, Zoolog;cal Illuslra­ ginia, 140 p. , pis. Al-A:3, text fi gs. 1-52 f 10 tions, or original ligures e1nd descriptions of unnumbered figu res. new, rare, or interesting . Series I : QUOY, L. R. C., and J . P. GAIMARD, 1832- pis. 1- 18, 1820; 19-83, 1821; 84-134, 1822; 135- 1835, Voyage de decouverts de l' Astrolethe 182, 1823. Ser;es 2: pis. 1-30, 1829; 31-45, 1830; pendant. 1826-29, sous le cornmande- 46-85, 1831; 86-96, 1832; 97-136, 1833. London. menl de M. J . Dumont d'Urville. Zoologie, SWAINSON, W., 1822, A Ca1alogue of lhe. Mollusca IL p. 1-320. 1832; 321-686. 1833; Ill: shells, which formed the collection of Mrs p. 1-366, 1834,367-954, 1835; Alias, pis. 1- 107. Bligh, w ith an a ppendix , containing de­ RAFINESQUE, C. S., 1815, Analyse de Ia na­ scr-iptions of m<1ny new species. 58 p., 2 pis., tur·e ou tableaux de !'univers et des corps or­ London. ganisees. 224 p. , Palem1o. TOULMIN , L. D., 1977 , Stratigraphic distribu­ SIESSER, W. , 1983, Paleogene calcareous nan­ tion of P aleocene and Eocene fossil s in the noplankton : Mississippi, Ala­ easter·n Gulf Coastal Region: Geol. Su r· v. bama and T ennessee: Mississippi Dept. Nal. Alabama, Mon. 13, 602 p., 72 pis. Res., Bur. Geol., Bull. 125. p. l-61, 37 figs. WENZ, W. , 1933-1944, Gastropoda. Tei! I: Allgemeiner Teil und Prosobranchia: Jland­ SOHL, N. F., 19()4, Neogastropoda. Opistobnm­ buch der· Pal~iozoologie, vol. 6, , p. 1-1639, chia and Basommatophora from the Ripley, figs. 1-4211. Owl Creek, and Prairie Bluff formations: U. VOKES, E. 11., 1967, The genus Vitularia (Mol­ S. Geo!. Sur·v .. Prof. Paper· :t31-B, p. 15 :{-:~44, lusca: Gastropoda) discovered in lhe pis. 19-52. Miocene of Florida: Tulane Stud. Geol. STENZEL, I-I. 8., E. K. KRAUSE and J. T. Paleont., vol. 5, no. 2. p. 90-92, I text-fig. TWINING. 1957. Pelecypoda from the type VOKES, E. 11., 1970. Cenozoic Muricidae of the locality of the Stone City Beds (Middle western Allan lie Region. Part V - Pterynotns Eocen.e) of Texas: Univ. Texas Bur. F:eon. and Poirierin: Tulane Stud. Geol. PaleonL, Geol. Publ. 5704. p. 1-2:l7, pis. 1-22. vol. 8, no. I, p. 1-50, pis. l-7, I text fig.

October 9, 1991