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Cultural-Oriented Urban Renewal Taking the West Bund of Shanghai Huangpu River As an Example

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Cultural-Oriented Urban Renewal Taking the West Bund of Shanghai Huangpu River As an Example UIA 2021 RIO: 27th World Congress of Architects Cultural-Oriented Urban Renewal Taking the West Bund of Shanghai Huangpu River as an Example Xiaowan Qin Xiangning Li Tongji University, College of Architecture and Tongji University, College of Architecture and Urban Planning, Department of architecture, Urban Planning, Department of architecture, Shanghai, China Shanghai, China *Corresponding author: Xiangning Li; Abstract Shanghai West Bund refers to the area along the Taking the West Bund of Xuhui District in Huangpu River in the east of Xuhui District, a Shanghai, China, as an example, this paper post-Expo waterfront attraction and a prominent describes the transformation of Huangpu landmark in the city, witnessing the waterfront industrial sites from the scope development of Shanghai's century-old of policy and culture, expounding the industry, which once gathered many industrial cultural-oriented urban renewal under the facilities including Longhua Airport, Shanghai guidance of policy. Meanwhile, this paper Railway Nanpu Station, Shanghai Cement argues how the renewal would affect the Factory, Beiqi Coal Truck Terminal, Aircraft whole region, activating and changing Stamping Workshop, and many other industrial facilities. As an important national enterprise in people's way of life. Shanghai, the old industrial site in Xuhui District area bears the memory of Shanghai's industrial development and is the birthplace of the modern Chinese industry. The "West Bund", Policy as a cultural brand of Xuhui District, is located The Origin of West Bund Renewal on the Huangpu River in Xuhui District, In 2002, Shanghai established the Shanghai, with a shoreline of 11.4 kilometers, "Comprehensive Development on both sides of an area of 9.4 square kilometers, and total the Huangpu River", and took the 2010 planning and development of 9.5 million square Shanghai World Expo as an opportunity to meters. improve the public space of the riverfront and re-create the reborn Riverside Industrial Site. Culture According to the "13th Five-Year Plan for the Cultural Events in the West Bund development of the Huangpu River on both The development of the West Bund revolves the sides of the Huangpu River” (the 13th Five-Year central idea of " Planning-based, Culture- Plan for Economic and Social Development of oriented, Eco-based and Technological- the People Republic of China) announced by innovation-driven", with the main task of Shanghai at the end of 2016, the central section bringing together domestic and foreign cultural (about 45 km of the riverfront on both sides from and artistic, information media, innovative the Yangpu Bridge to Xupu Bridge) will be fully finance, integrated commerce, aviation services connected by the end of 2017. The entire and other industrial clusters, and striving to riverside space of 45km is located in five build a waterfront cultural and financial cluster districts including Pudong District, Huangpu with international influence. Focus on building District, Xuhui District, Hongkou District, and the West Bund cultural corridor brand project, Yangpu District. Due to the pre-emptive to promote the overall commercial navigable transport advantages, most of the development. Since 2008, the West Bund has factories are located on the waterfront in order launched the regional urban renewal with the to reduce logistics costs, formatting a unique 2010 Shanghai World Expo as an opportunity to urban pattern and cultural significance of the initiate the transition from a production-oriented waterfront space shoreline to a living shoreline and launched a series of important cultural-themed events and 1250 PAPERS: VOLUME III of III UIA 2021 RIO: 27th World Congress of Architects Figure 1. West Bund Cultural Events location. activities. These include the establishment of the Fujian, and other provinces and cities, and is the West Bund Group in 2012 to develop and build energy center of East China after liberation. At the West Bund overall project, including the the beginning of the design, the site was Long Museum, Yuz Museum, West Bund Arts survived by a coal hopper unloading bridge built Center, Oil Tank Arts Center and other cultural in the 1950s. Atelier Des Haus applies the corridors, as well as the West Bund Music "umbrella arch" suspension structure of the Festival, West Bund Architecture and independent wall, and the shear wall is inserted Contemporary Art Biennale, The West Bund Art into the original basement, becoming the and Design Fair and other brand cultural exhibition space. Today, the Long Museum is a activities have also been carried out, gradually typical representative of the West Bund of with scale. Shanghai, as well as a new landmark of Shanghai's cultural tourism. West Bund Cultural Corridor West Bund is located in the Xuhui District, Longhua Airport (1917-2008) was built in 1917 which has been a center of transportation, by Beiyang Government, becoming the logistics, and production in China for over 100 birthplace of the Civil Aviation of China as well years. The region sits on the bank of the as the first large-scale airport in China. In 1922 Huangpu River and is characterized by vast it was known as the "Longhua Flight Port", open spaces and numerous water channels that where the headquarters of "China Airlines" and have allowed such industrial centers and "Eurasian Airlines" are located. Longhua national enterprises as the Longhua Airport, Airport was the largest international airport in Shanghai Nanpu Railway Station, Beipiao Coal East Asia in the 1940s, and it was once the Wharf, and Shanghai Cement Factory, just to gateway to PRC(People’s Republic of China). name a few, to flourish. Yuz Museum is renovated from the former Shanghai Longhua Airport aircraft warehouse. Long Art Museum was transformed from the The main exhibition has an area of 3000 square former coal-loading terminal. Founded in 1929, meters, while the total construction area is about Beipiao Terminal was once a dedicated terminal 9000 square meters. In this project, Japanese for the loading and unloading of coal in architect Sou Fujimoto continues his interest on Shanghai Port, responsible for the loading and nature, dividing the entire pavilion into public unloading and transit of some coal supplies in space and private exhibition. The public space is Shanghai Electric Power, Zhejiang, Jiangsu, wrapped with transparent glass curtain walls PAPERS: VOLUME III of III 1251 UIA 2021 RIO: 27th World Congress of Architects Table 1. West Bund Cultural Events timeline. while the exhibition zone of the pavilion is Contemporary Art as the starting point for painted in red in order to keep the museum research, and neglects and discovers the clues running. and material evidence of closely indivisible international contemporary art. At the same The West Bund Art Center is the birthplace of time, it provides experimental scenes for China's first self-developed and self-built jumbo contemporary art production with a free and jet transportation plant, which was transformed open position. from the factory building of the stamping workshop of the Shanghai Aircraft The TANk Shanghai, consist of five different Manufacturing Plant. The workshop is 120 tanks, is connected by a super-surface, together meters long and 15 meters high, with a span of with urban forest to create an industrial park 24 meters. Its large-span space is very suitable with an industrial memory. OPEN retains five for exhibition purposes, the design retains the industrial tanks as containers and replaces them integrity of the original plant large-span space, with different programs - what used to be a bringing the memory of the original space, container for aviation oil, now becomes the highlighting the time imprint of the new and old. container obtaining programs, events, and In addition, Atelier Des Haus distinguished two activities, weaving the history and the future warehouses by transparent and oblique façade. closely together. The five tanks that have been The transparent volume with the layout of retained have different programs, the fourth tank exhibits inside, becoming an urban showroom. is given traditional display space and function— exhibition downstairs, and office upper level. Shanghai Nanpu Railway Station (1907-2009) The third tank is a hollowed gallery which was built in the Qing Dynasty, and it used to be retains the original interior space, and thus be one of the land and water terminals of the nation. able to provide large installation and display. Star Museum takes historical dredging of And the roof communicates with nature when contemporary art as its mission, takes the the rain comes into the gallery through the Course of Chinese Objective and True skylight, eliminating the boundary between the 1252 PAPERS: VOLUME III of III UIA 2021 RIO: 27th World Congress of Architects Figure 3. West Bund Cultural Corridor. photo collage, resourceimages from Internet. Figure 4. Artists’ Studio, photo collage, resource images from Internet. PAPERS: VOLUME III of III 1253 UIA 2021 RIO: 27th World Congress of Architects Figure 5. West Bund cultural activities, photo collage, resource images from Internet. interior and exterior. The No. 5 tank and its West Bund Music Festival in Shanghai has been inserted white box provide a space for held for the first time in 2012, becoming the first performance, and can also be flexibly used as a large-scale outdoor music festival in Shanghai. theatre or multi-media room. The inserted Following Xuhui District policy of "retaining volume is given a variety of functions in the legacy of industrial history" and the different scenes - the portion facing the sunken positioning of "shaping the international high- square on the west side is used as the forecourt end creative culture and art industry cluster of the theater, while the body on the other side area", Shanghai West Coast Music Festival has could be turned into a backstage. OPEN regards been in Xuhui District for many years set off a architecture as a mini-city, and the TANk wave of music about the dream, but also the Shanghai is a crossroads that connects different performance place into a new landmark of Puxi sectors of society.
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