HERBS Herbs are any plants used for flavoring, food, medicine, or perfume. Culinary use typically distinguishes herbs as referring to the leafy green parts of a plant (either fresh or dried), from a "spice", a product from another part of the plant (usually dried), including seeds, berries, bark, roots and fruits. Herbs have a variety of uses including culinary, medicinal, and in some cases spiritual usage. Culinary herbs are distinguished from vegetables in that, like spices, they are used in small amounts and provide flavor rather than substance to food. Herbs can be perennials such as thyme or lavender, biennials such as parsley, or annuals like basil. Perennial herbs can be shrubs such as rosemary – this contrasts with botanical herbs, which by definition cannot be woody plants. Some plants are used as both herbs and spices, such as dill weed and dill seed or coriander leaves and seeds. Also, there are some herbs such as those in the mint family that are used for both culinary and medicinal purposes. There are some herbs which are listed on the Canadian grade tables and they are included here. Amaranth, Chinese Amaranthus gangeticus L. (A. tricolor L.) Amaranthaceae

Anise Pimpinella anisum L. (Anisum vulgare Gaertn.) Apiaceae Arugula (Rocket Salad or Garden Rocket) Eruca vesicaria (L.) Cav. subsp. sativa (Mill.) Thell. Brassicaceae

Basil Ocimum basilicum L. Lamiaceae Caraway Carum carvi L. Apiaceae

Catnip Nepeta cataria L. Lamiaceae

Chervil Anthriscus cerefolium (L.) Hoffm. Apiaceae

Chives Allium schoenoprasum L. Amaryllidaceae Claytonia (Minors Lettuce, Winter Purslane) Claytonia perfoliata Donn ex Willd. Montiaceae

Coriander (Cilantro or Chinese Parsley) Coriandrum sativum L. Apiaceae Corn Salad Valerianella locusta (L.) Laterr. Caprifoliaceae

Cress, Upland Barbarea vulgaris W. T. Aiton Brassicaceae Cress, Water Nasturtium officinale W. T. Aiton Brassicaceae

Cross, Water Ipomoea aquatic Forssk. Convolvulaceae Cumin Cuminum cyminum L. Apiaceae

Dandelion Taraxacum officinale F. H. Wigg. aggr. Asteraceae Dill Anethum graveolens L. Apiaceae

Fennel, Florence Foeniculum vulgare Mill. Apiaceae Fenugreek Trigonella foenum-graecum L. Fabaceae

Garlic Chives (Chinese Chives) Allium tuberosum Rottler ex Spreng. Amaryllidaceae

Golden Purslane (Summer/Garden Purslane) Portulaca oleracea L. subsp. sativa (Haw.) Schübl. & G. Martens (Portulaca sativa Haw.) Portulacaceae

Lavender Lavandula angustifolia Mill. Lamiaceae Lemon Balm Melissa officinalis L. Lamiaceae

Lemon Dragonhead (Moldavain Balm/Dragonhead) Dracocephalum moldavica L. Lamiaceae Lovage Levisticum officinale W. D. J. Koch Apiaceae

Marjoram, Sweet Origanum majorana L. Lamiaceae Matricaria chamomilla L. Chamomile Asteraceae

Mintina (Wormseed) Dysphania ambrosioides (L.) Mosyakin & Clemants Chenopodiaceae Oregano Origanum vulgare L. subsp. vulgare Lamiaceae

Parsley Petroselinum crispum (Mill.) Fuss Apiaceae Peppergrass Garden Cress Lepidium sativum L. Brassicaceae

Peppermint Mentha x piperita L. Lamiaceae Spearmint Mentha spicata L. Lamiaceae (Spearmint picture) Potato Solanum tuberosum L. Solanaceae

Seed within fruits

Rosemary Rosmarinus officinalis L. Lamiaceae Sage Salvia officinalis L. Lamiaceae

Stevia Stevia rebaudiana (Bertoni) Bertoni Asteraceae Sainfoin Onobrychis viciifolia Scop. Fabaceae Salad Burnett Sanguisorba minor Scop. Rosaceae

Salsify Tragopogon porrifolius L. Asteraceae Savory, Summer Satureja hortensis L. Lamiaceae

Sesame Sesamum indicum L. Pedaliaceae Soapwort Saponaria officinalis L. Caryophyllaceae

Strawberry Fragaria spp. Rosaceae Tarragon (French or Russian) Artemisia dracunculus L. Asteraceae

Thyme Thymus vulgaris L. Lamiaceae Valerian Valeriana officinalis L. Caprifoliaceae

Vervain/Verbena Verbena officinalis L. Verbenaceae Water Hyssop Hyssopus officinalis L. Lamiaceae

Yarrow Achillea millefolium L. Asteraceae