Project Sea Dragon Processing Plant Project Description
PROJECT SEA DRAGON PROCESSING PLANT ‐ PROJECT DESCRIPTION
1‐1 Project Sea Dragon Processing Plant Project Description
CONTENTS
1 Introduction ...... 1 1.1 Overview of Project Sea Dragon ...... 1
2 General information ...... 3 2.1 Project proponent ...... 3 2.2 Project location ...... 3 2.3 Land ownership, tenure and zoning ...... 4 2.4 Land use history ...... 5
3 Project schedule ...... 5 4 Key project components ...... 7 5 Production process ...... 10 5.1 Operating hours ...... 10 5.2 Capacity ...... 10 5.3 Prawn receival ...... 11 5.4 Bin washing ...... 11 5.5 Raw prawn processing ...... 11 5.6 Cooked prawn processing ...... 12 5.7 Palletising and storage ...... 13
6 Water use and management ...... 15 6.1 Freshwater ...... 15 6.2 Wastewater ...... 15 6.3 Stormwater management ...... 21
7 Waste management ...... 23 7.1 Solid waste ...... 23 7.2 Sewage ...... 23
8 Power demand and supply ...... 24 9 Workforce ...... 25 10 Access and traffic ...... 25 11 Construction methods ...... 27 12 Project commissioning ...... 29
i Project Sea Dragon Processing Plant Project Description
13 Processing plant decommissioning ...... 32 14 Processing plant alternatives ...... 32 15 References ...... 33
LIST OF TABLES Table 1 Project Sea Dragon Pty Ltd Details ...... 3 Table 2 Primary contact details ...... 3 Table 3 Processing plant schedule ‐ summary ...... 5 Table 4 Production capacity of the processing plant ...... 10 Table 5 Untreated and treated water quality ...... 17 Table 6 Brine water quality ...... 18 Table 7 Summary of solid waste products ...... 23 Table 8 Peak vehcile movements ...... 25 Table 9 Chemical usage ...... 28
LIST OF FIGURES Figure 1 Integrated project framework ...... 2 Figure 2 Processing plant location ...... 6 Figure 3 Processing plant layout ...... 8 Figure 4 Floor plan ...... 9 Figure 5 Wastewater treatment process ...... 16 Figure 6 D6 drain alignment ...... 19 Figure 7 Treated water pipeline easement ...... 20 Figure 8 Stormwater treatment plan ...... 22 Figure 9 Horizon power grid ...... 24 Figure 10 Traffic access to site ...... 26 Figure 11 Car parking on site ...... 26
ii Project Sea Dragon Processing Plant Project Description
ABBREVIATIONS AND ACRONYMS
CBC and BMC Core Breeding Centre and Broodstock Maturation Centre
DPIRD Department of Primary Industries and Regional Development
FAT Factory Acceptance Testing
ha hectares
MBR Membrane bioreactor
ORIA Ord River Irrigation Area
PSD Project Sea Dragon Pty Ltd
RO Reverse osmosis
SAT Site Acceptance Testing
Seafarms Seafarms Group Ltd
TPS 7 Local Planning Scheme No. 7 – Kununurra and Environs
TPS 9 Draft Local Planning Scheme No. 9
WA Western Australia
iii Project Sea Dragon Processing Plant Project Description
1 INTRODUCTION
Project Sea Dragon Pty Ltd (PSD), a wholly‐owned subsidiary of Seafarms Group Ltd (Seafarms) is developing Project Sea Dragon ‐ a large‐scale, integrated, land‐based prawn aquaculture project in northern Australia. It is a staged development of up to 10,000 hectares (ha) of production ponds at Legune Station in the Northern Territory (NT), with supporting facilities across Western Australia (WA) and the NT. Project Sea Dragon is designed to produce high‐quality, year‐round reliable volumes for export markets for Black Tiger prawns (Penaeus monodon).
Project Sea Dragon includes the development a processing plant to support the operation of the Stage 1 Legune Grow‐out Facility. The following document outlines the project description for the processing plant and includes:
General information such as the proponent, project location, land and ownership details.
A project schedule for the construction and operation of the processing plant.
A summary of the key project components to be developed.
A description of the production process including the operating hours and capacity of the processing plant.
Details of water use and management, waste management, power demand and supply, workforce, access and traffic, construction methods, project commissioning and decommissioning and project alternatives.
1.1 OVERVIEW OF PROJECT SEA DRAGON Project Sea Dragon has been declared a Major Project of Strategic Importance in Western Australia and has also been granted Major Project status by the Northern Territory and Commonwealth Governments. Project Sea Dragon is a world class prawn aquaculture project, recognising that the demands on wild caught fisheries cannot be sustained without supplementary resources from other means. The project has been developed to be a low environmental impact aquaculture project ‐ low cost, long term, sustainable operation, with strong biosecurity and environmental controls, and utilising best practice marine and aquaculture science.
Project Sea Dragon comprises of the following key components:
Founder Stock Centre and Back‐up Breeding Centre (Exmouth, Western Australia).
Core Breeding Centre (CBC) and Broodstock Maturation Centre (BMC) (Bynoe Harbour, Northern Territory).
Commercial Hatchery (Gunn Point, Northern Territory).
Grow‐out Facility (Legune Station, Northern Territory).
Processing Plant (Kununurra, Western Australia) (the subject of this project description).
Export Facility (Location TBC based on ongoing logistics assessments).
An overview of the integrated project is shown in Figure 1. The breeding, development and ultimate sale of prawns involves the following process:
Capturing and selection of wild stock (the Founder Stock Centre).
1 Project Sea Dragon Processing Plant Project Description
Developing and selecting high performing prawn stock (CBC and BMC) for use in the hatchery.
Commercial hatchery to develop prawns suitable for the grow‐out facility.
Transport of post‐larvae to the grow‐out facility at Legune Station, to grow prawns to a suitable size.
Processing of prawns at the processing plant in Kununurra for export and sale.
Project Sea Dragon, including each of its components, has been designed in accordance with the Aquaculture Stewardship Council Shrimp Standard (ASC 2014) and the Environmental Code of Practice for Australian Prawn Farmers (Donovan 2003). It will also use husbandry practices that are well accepted by government and industry as outlined in the Australian Prawn Farmers' Manual (DPI&F 2006).
FIGURE 1 INTEGRATED PROJECT FRAMEWORK
2 Project Sea Dragon Processing Plant Project Description
2 GENERAL INFORMATION
2.1 PROJECT PROPONENT The project proponent is Project Sea Dragon Pty Ltd, a wholly owned subsidiary of Seafarms Group Limited. Seafarms is an ASX (ASX:SFG) listed company. Project Sea Dragon Pty Ltd details are outlined in Table 1. Details for the primary contact person are provided in Table 2.
Seafarms is an Australian agri‐food company which operates, builds and invests in sustainable aquaculture production platforms producing high‐quality seafood. Seafarms is currently Australia’s largest producer of farmed prawns – growing, processing and distributing the well‐known Crystal Bay Prawns® premium brand. Seafarms has existing operations in Innisfail, Cardwell and Ingham, Queensland, and is a major supplier of prawns to Coles and Woolworths on the East Coast. The company is Australia’s largest prawn aquaculture enterprise.
TABLE 1 PROJECT SEA DRAGON PTY LTD DETAILS
Required Information Details
ACN 604 936 192
Street Address Level 11, 225 St Georges Terrace, Perth WA 6000 Australia
Postal Address P.O. Box 7312 Cloisters Square, Perth WA 6850 Australia
Phone +61 8 9321 4117
Fax +61 8 9321 4411
Website http://seafarmsgroup.com.au/project‐sea‐dragon/
TABLE 2 PRIMARY CONTACT DETAILS
Required Information Details
Name Chris Mitchell
Title Executive Director – Seafarms Group Limited
Postal Address Unit 6 Ground Floor 31‐47 Joseph St Blackburn North VIC 3130
Phone 03 9928 5111
Fax 03 9928 5199
Email [email protected]
2.2 PROJECT LOCATION The processing plant will be located on a 44‐hectare parcel of Crown Land on the south west corner of the intersection of Research Station Road and Durack Drive, Kununurra (Figure 2). The site currently forms part of the 803.3 ha Lot 203 on Deposited Plan 27929 and is reserved (Reserve 22609) for the purpose of ‘Agricultural Research Station’ with management order held by the Department of Primary Industries and Regional Development (DPIRD), WA. The site is located approximately 12 km north of Kununurra and is within Stage 1 of the Ord River Irrigation Area (ORIA), which comprises approximately 14,000 ha of land within the Ivanhoe Plain. It is located within the Shire of Wyndham East Kimberley.
3 Project Sea Dragon Processing Plant Project Description
The processing plant also involves the construction of a treated water discharge pipeline. As illustrated on Figure 3, the pipeline will traverse:
Lot 203 on Deposited Plan 27929
Lot 343 on Deposited Plan 44329
Lot 521 on Deposited Plan 210702
Lot 897 on Deposited Plan 28476
Key considerations in the selection of the proposed site were:
It is located to the north and west of Kununurra, which is the Shire of Wyndham East Kimberley’s preferred area to avoid heavy vehicles travelling to and from Legune Station needing to traverse the Kununurra town site.
The Department of Lands, WA have agreed to a leasehold arrangement with PSD for the land.
It offers safe entry and exit for trucks and personnel traffic.
The subject land is currently vacant and cleared of native vegetation. It was previously used for agricultural purposes.
Aboriginal heritage clearance was achieved for PSD in the course of the Feasibility Study.
It has an adequate supply of fresh water from the groundwater aquifer; recent drilling and pump tests carried out on the property by PSD indicate that it will not be necessary to extract water from the Ord River.
There is an existing drainage system capable of receiving the processing plant discharge water.
There is a reasonable buffer between the processing plant and residences in the area. The adjacent properties are used for intensive agricultural purposes with the Frank Wise Research Station buildings and infrastructure approximately 2 km to the west along Durack Drive. There are farm structures including residences on adjoining properties more than 1.5 km from the proposed processing plant site.
Horizon Power infrastructure is adjacent to the site with sufficient power available for the processing plant needs.
An opportunity exists for cooperation with the DPI Frank Wise Research Station.
2.3 LAND OWNERSHIP, TENURE AND ZONING As outlined above, Lot 203 is Crown Land reserved (Reserve 22609) for the purpose of ‘Agricultural Research Station’ with management order held by the DPIRD. In 2017, PSD entered a five‐year development lease for up to 44 hectares of the proposed site for the purposes of establishing and operating the processing plant. The lease agreement allows an option for a 49‐year lease thereafter, or alternatively PSD may apply for a conversion to freehold title.
Lot 343 is Crown Land dedicated as a road reserve with the responsible agency being the Department of Planning, Lands and Heritage. Lot 521 is Crown Land reserved (Reserve 22609) for the purpose of ‘Agricultural Research Station’ with management order held by the DPIRD. Lot 897 is an easement burden for access purposes with the responsible authority being the Ord Irrigation Asset Mutual Co‐operative Ltd.
4 Project Sea Dragon Processing Plant Project Description
The processing plant site is zoned as ‘Agriculture – State and Regional Significance’ under the proposed draft Local Planning Scheme No. 9 (TPS 9).
2.4 LAND USE HISTORY Lot 203 has previously been used for agricultural purposes and is currently vacant and cleared of all vegetation. It forms part of the DPIRD Agricultural Research Station. The land surrounding the proposed development site is currently used for intensive agricultural purposes. The site is located within Stage 1 of the ORIA. 3 PROJECT SCHEDULE
Key dates for the construction and operation of the processing plant are presented in Table 3.
The first post larvae are scheduled to be placed in the grow‐out ponds at Legune Station in October 2020. As a consequence, it is necessary to have the processing plant built by January 2021.
In order to achieve that, the site and civil works for the processing plant are required to commence in September 2019 and continue through 2020.
Commissioning of the processing plant will then commence in January 2021, with operations scheduled to commence in March 2021.
The processing plant is proposed as an ongoing sustainable venture, with no plans to discontinue operations on the site.
TABLE 3 PROCESSING PLANT SCHEDULE ‐ SUMMARY
Activity Timing*
Award major construct contracts July 2019
Site establishment, laydown areas, access roads etc September 2019
Processing plant construction September 2019 ‐ December 2020
Processing plant commissioning (dry) January 2021
Processing plant commissioning (wet) March 2021
Processing plant operation March 2021 * Subject to all necessary approvals being obtained.
5 Project Sea Dragon Processing Plant Project Description
FIGURE 2 PROCESSING PLANT LOCATION
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4 KEY PROJECT COMPONENTS
As illustrated in Figure 3 and Figure 4 the key components of the processing plant to be developed are:
access roads from Durack Drive into the site and to the facilities
car parking with 48 spaces
loading areas
a processing facility building
buildings for dining and amenities, security, administration and a laboratory, plant, services, workshops and stores
a waste water treatment plant
a septic system
lined (HDPE) evaporation ponds (Top ‐ 165 m x 80 m; Bottom ‐ 157 m x 72 m; Batter 1:2)
a detention basin for stormwater management (Top ‐ 76 m x 76 m; Bottom ‐ 70 m x 70 m; Batter 1:1)
Infrastructure for the supply, use and discharge of water.
The proposed development area for all infrastructure is approximately 10 ha in size. This area includes a 10 m buffer around infrastructure.
Photo 1 below provides an example of the processing plant building layout, based on the Seafarms processing plant operations in Cardwell, Queensland.
PHOTO 1 SEAFARMS PROCESSING PLANT ‐ CARDWELL QUEENSLAND
7 Project Sea Dragon Processing Plant Project Description
FIGURE 3 PROCESSING PLANT LAYOUT
8 Figure 4: Floor Plan
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6 Brisbane Office: Level 3 100 Ipswich Road
1
/ Woolloongabba Brisbane Queensland Australia 4102 Project No - W15050 0 Ground Floor 5-7 Western 1 AvenueMelbourne Office: DEVELOPMENT APPLICATION Westmeadows VIC Australia 3049 Dwg No - 01SK017 P 1300 385 988 E [email protected] F 1300 385 989 W www.wiley.com.au Sydney Office: Level 1 102 Bennelong Road Date - 19/09/18 Plot Date : PlotDate © WILEY & CO PTY LTD ABN 40 010 604 869 Olympic Park Sydney NSW Australia 2127 FOR PROJECT SEA DRAGON Project Sea Dragon Processing Plant Project Description
5 PRODUCTION PROCESS
Prawns will be harvested at the Legune Grow‐out Facility and will be trucked from Legune to the processing plant in tubs containing saline ice slurry, to maintain temperatures as low as practicable.
At the processing plant prawns will be cleaned, graded, packed, frozen and palletised for transport in refrigerated containers to port.
The processing plant will also include a cooking line for up to 2,000 tonnes per annum of cooked prawns.
There is also a 'soft and broken' line, which is assumed to be 5% ‐ 15% of total uncooked production, which is a second‐grade product consisting of under‐sized or physically damaged prawns.
The following sections provide an overview of the production process for both raw and cooked prawns.
5.1 OPERATING HOURS The processing plant is designed to operate for 24 hours a day, including 20 hours of processing and 4 hours of cleaning. At full capacity, operations will involve 2 x 12 hour shifts per day.
For the cooked line, based on a planned production volume of 2,000 tonnes per year, the maximum number of cooking days is expected to be 106 days per annum (not contiguous).
Whilst the processing plant is not expected to operate continuously for 365 days of the year, PSD requires the ability to operate the processing plant on any day of the year, subject to the harvesting of prawns at the Legune Grow‐out Facility. The months of operation will vary from year to year given harvest is not based on 12‐ monthly cycles.
5.2 CAPACITY Table 4 presents the capacity for each product line, including the 'design throughput' and the 'functional throughput'. The design throughput is the maximum possible capacity for the product line for short periods (e.g a day) and cannot be sustained over longer timeframes. The functional throughput is the long‐run sustainable capacity for the product line, which is based on a capacity factor of 80% of the design throughput. The capacity of the cooked line is lower than the uncooked line as the cooked line is processing smaller volumes, and therefore the equipment capacity is lower.
TABLE 4 PRODUCTION CAPACITY OF THE PROCESSING PLANT
Product line Peak design throughput (tonnes Functional throughput (tonnes per hour) per hour)
Uncooked (raw) 3.75 3.0
Cooked 3.2 2.5
Soft and broken ‐ 1 It is important to note that it is not possible to operate the facility 24 hours a day because the facility requires 4 hours for cleaning each day. This is a hard constraint and as such has not been considered in calculating the production volumes presented below.
10 Project Sea Dragon Processing Plant Project Description
Theoretically, based on the functional throughput (3.0 tonnes per hour) and an assumption that the uncooked lines are operating 365 days a year for 20 hours a day, the maximum theoretical production volume for the uncooked line would be 21,900 tonnes per annum, less any cooked product which is produced at a lower rate. For the cooked line, based on the functional throughput (2.5 tonnes per hour) and the assumption that the cooked line operates for 365 days per year over 20 hours a day, the maximum theoretical production volume would be 18,250 tonnes per annum.
Assuming the peak design throughput (3.75 tonnes per hour) could be sustained for 20 hours a day, 365 days a year, the production volume would be 27,375 tonnes per annum. It is important to note that the peak design throughput could not be sustained for 20 hours a day, 365 days a year. Therefore, this production volume is unattainable.
However, to support the operation of the Stage 1 Legune Grow‐out Facility, the planned production volume of the processing plant is approximately 16,000 tonnes of prawns per annum, including:
13,984 tonnes of uncooked prawns, and
2,000 tonnes of cooked prawns.
It is estimated that the soft and broken line will make up 5 to 15 % of uncooked prawns, or approximately 700 to 2,100 tonnes per annum. Therefore, the total annual planned production volumes of uncooked and cooked prawns will be reduced by the actual volume of soft and broken prawns.
It is important to note that the Stage 1 Legune Grow‐out Facility will be developed in steps, and the annual production capacity of the processing plant will be commensurate with supply from this facility. Initially, production volumes are expected to be 5,238 tonnes per annum increasing to 15,984 tonnes as development progresses.
5.3 PRAWN RECEIVAL Prawns will be received in non‐refrigerated trucks from the Stage 1 Legune Grow‐out Facility at a rate of approximately 2.5 tonnes per hour.
The prawns will be contained within plastic bins with a product weight of 350 kg and an ice slurry weight of 550 kg.
After unloading via forklifts in an on‐grade covered area, the bins will be stored within the receival hall, quality checked and drained. The bins will be loaded onto bin tippers and lids removed for washing and the prawns re‐ tipped for processing.
5.4 BIN WASHING Empty bins and lids will be transferred to a tub and lid washer and stored 3 high. The prawn receival trucks will be washed prior to collecting the clean empty bins and lids. The truck wash facility will have one wash bay to allow for 20 minutes wash per truck. The loading of the bins and lids will be manual via forklift.
5.5 RAW PRAWN PROCESSING Raw prawn processing consists of a single mainstream line.
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After bin tipping from one of two tippers, the raw prawns will be manually inspected and ‘soft and broken’ prawns will be separated in a chiller room for later processing, and waste (barnacles, fish, foreign objects) transferred to bins for storage within a chilled waste room.
Following inspections, the prawns will be graded into various size categories, as well as an undersized grade and an oversize grade. Photo 2 illustrates the grading of raw product at the Seafarms processing plant in Cardwell, Queensland.
After grading, the prawns will be weighed and loaded into 2 kg boxes. The boxes will be conveyed to a spiral freezer with a target exit temperature of ‐18°C.
After freezing, the prawns will be water sprayed for glazing within the box. The boxes will be check ‐ weighed, lidded, x‐rayed, labelled and shrink wrapped. Boxes will be packed within shipper cartons. Cartons will be labelled prior to being manually palletised onto plastic pallets.
PHOTO 2 EXAMPLE OF GRADING RAW PRODUCT, CARDWELL QUEENSLAND
5.6 COOKED PRAWN PROCESSING The cooked prawn line is deemed ‘high’ care. High care products, such as ready to eat cooked prawns, require higher hygiene and sanitation levels and therefore the cooked prawn line will be separated from the ‘raw’ line and will have a separate hygiene entry.
12 Project Sea Dragon Processing Plant Project Description
Prawns to be cooked will be conveyed from the raw prawn line (after grading). The prawns will then be cooked and brine chilled and stored in tubs with ice slurry. The tubs will be stored in a chiller room for 24 hours prior to boxing and freezing.
The boxed prawns will be manually carton packed, then frozen and palletised in a similar way to the raw prawns, as described below. Used tubs will be washed and stored for re‐use within the cooked area.
A central ice system is included in the facility to supply all icing points throughout the process.
Photo 3 illustrates cooked prawns entering the chiller brine based on Seafarms Cardwell operations, and Photo 4 illustrates the packing of cooked prawns into Modified Atmospheric Packaging, to provide a longer shelf‐life.
PHOTO 3 COOKED PRAWNS ENTERING THE CHILLER BRINE, CARDWELL QUEENSLAND
PHOTO 4 PACKING COOKED PRAWNS INTO MODIFIED ATMOSPHERE PACKAGE
5.7 PALLETISING AND STORAGE All cartons will be palletised with the exception of randomly selected cartons that will be retained as a sample of the pond and shift production.
13 Project Sea Dragon Processing Plant Project Description
The retention samples will be placed on pallets and kept in double deep racking for the required 6 months (i.e. the retention or shelf‐life period).
All other cartons will be palletised including a slip sheet and stretch wrapped for further transporting. Pallets will be stored within a cold store (‐23oc) prior to despatch.
Photo 5 provides an example of a packing room based on Seafarms Cardwell operations. Photo 6 provides an example of a despatch area based on Seafarms Cardwell operations.
PHOTO 5 EXAMPLE PACKING ROOM, CARDWELL QUEENSLAND
PHOTO 6 EXAMPLE DESPATCH AREA, CARDWELL QUEENSLAND
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6 WATER USE AND MANAGEMENT
6.1 FRESHWATER
6.1.1 Demand The processing plant requires freshwater up to 4 litres per kg of product. This freshwater is required for the purpose of washing prawns and for cleaning and washing down equipment. Assuming an annual production volume of 15,984 tonnes of prawns, freshwater demand is estimated to be 63,936 kL per annum. Based on an assumption of operating 312 days per year (52 weeks x 6 days), daily freshwater demand is approximately 205 kL.
6.1.2 Supply Freshwater will be supplied from the local groundwater aquifer. The site lies within the Canning‐Kimberley groundwater area and sub‐area. A production bore (SFH1) and a monitoring bore (SFM1) have been constructed on the site as illustrated in Figure 3.
A hydrogeological assessment of the groundwater supply was undertaken by Rockwater (2018). The assessment assumed a conservative freshwater demand of 175,000 kL/year. It concludes that:
Production bore SFH1 has a long‐term yield of about 30 L/s, compared to a water demand of 5.6 L/s (i.e. based on the 175,000 kL/year).
Groundwater from bore SFH1 is sodium‐chloride groundwater type and has a salinity of about 960 mg/L Total Dissolved Solids (TDS) and is neutral to slightly alkaline (field pH of 7.3).
Drawdown predictions suggest that drawdown is likely to be localised, with <0.3 m drawdown at 500 m from the production bore under a highly conservative scenario whereby the bore is operated at a maximum capacity for an extended period of time (continuous pumping at 30 L/s over 365 days).
It is unlikely that the Ord River groundwater dependent ecosystem will be impacted by production bore SFH1’s cone of depression.
PSD has submitted an application for a 5C Licence to Take Water in accordance with the Rights in Water and Irrigation Act 1914.
Freshwater from the bore will be treated to potable water quality, likely using ultraviolet light disinfection and chlorination.
6.2 WASTEWATER
6.2.1 Wastewater generation Through the production process, wastewater is generated from three sources:
1. Water from the tubs containing saline ice slurry, in which the prawns are transported to the processing plant from the grow‐out facility.
2. Water from washing the prawns, and cleaning and washing equipment.
3. Brine water from the prawn cooking and cooling processes.
15 Project Sea Dragon Processing Plant Project Description
6.2.2 Wastewater treatment Wastewater produced through the production process will be treated as part of the overall water and wastewater strategy for the processing plant. As illustrated in Figure 5, wastewater treatment consists of the following process:
Chiller brine (NaCI) is sent to the evaporation ponds for storage prior to evaporation.
The remaining combined wastewater effluent from each source is put through a primary screen which is used for removal of shells and flesh.
Wastewater is then treated by a dissolved air flotation system for removal of suspended, colloidal solids and phosphorus.
The organic carbon and nitrogen is then digested by an aerobic bioreactor with an integrated ultrafiltration membrane (membrane bioreactor ‐ MBR). The use of MBR is world best practice. It produces effluent of sufficient quality to supply a reverse osmosis (RO) system (beyond best practice).
The design incorporates a RO system to remove: dissolved salts, dissolved nitrogen and phosphorus, to produce a high‐grade effluent. Two effluent streams are produced through the RO system, these are:
Treated water ‐ Section 6.2.3 below describes the quantity and quality of treated water produced through the RO system, and describes the proposed disposal process for this RO treated water.
Brine ‐ Section 6.2.4 describes the quantity and quality of brine produced through the RO system (as well as chiller brine) and describes the brine management and disposal process.
As illustrated in Figure 5, the dissolved air flotation and MBR produce a sediment waste. The management of solid waste streams are described in Section 7.1.
FIGURE 5 WASTEWATER TREATMENT PROCESS
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6.2.3 Treated water quantity, quality and disposal The volume of treated water produced by the RO system is:
204.4 kL/day (annualised daily flow)
256.3 kL/day (peak flow)
The expected quality of untreated water and the treated water following MBR and RO treatment is presented in Table 5.
Treated water is proposed to be discharged via the Ord Irrigation Cooperative D6 Drainage System as illustrated in Figure 6.
A pipeline easement will be established (Figure 7), traversing from the processing plant site under Durack Road via an existing cattle grid to the existing drainage system.
As illustrated in Figure 7, the discharge point is located at 15° 39' 35.036" S, 128° 43' 47.930" E.
The D6 drain traverses north‐west approximately 8 km, where it eventually drains into the Ord River, as illustrated in Figure 6.
TABLE 5 UNTREATED AND TREATED WATER QUALITY
Parameter Processing Plant MBR treated water RO treated water untreated water
Peak flow 306.0 kL/day 301.5 kL/day (peak 256.3 kL/day (peak (peak flow) flow) flow)
Total Dissolved Solids (TDS) 16,932.0 mg/L 16,923.0 mg/L 800.0 mg/L
Total Suspended Solids (TSS) 119.1 mg/L 5.0 mg/L 2.0 mg/L
Total Nitrogen (TN) 222.7 mg/L 50.0 mg/L 5.0 mg/L
Total Phosphorous (TP) 16.0 mg/L 1.2 mg/L 0.5 mg/L
Biological Oxygen Demand (BOD) 1,310.0 mg/L 10.0 mg/L 5.0 mg/L The OIC undertake regular maintenance of its drainage network including:
Regular inspections to check for debris and any damage or issue and ensure the drains are functioning as intended, and that the integrity of drains is as per design requirements.
Weed management in accordance with the OIC’s Weed Management Plan to ensure that flow is not impeded by weeds. Work usually involves slashing and the use of approved herbicides.
Repairs to the drains as required to maintain design and functionality of the drains, usually following any damage caused by wet season rain events.
Periodic desilting of drains using an excavator (approximately once every 5 years). The timing of desilting depends on silt loads entering the drains, and extent of wet seasons.
The drains are not typically closed during desilting or maintenance activities. Therefore, it is not expected that discharge of treated water from the processing plant will be required to cease under normal maintenance and desilting activities.
17 Project Sea Dragon Processing Plant Project Description
The OIC Customer Charter provides for it to close drains should any breaches of the use drains warrant it. Should the OIC require the drain to be closed in the unlikely event of a breach, PSD will cease discharge. If the shutdown period coincides with a production period, the treated water will be temporarily stored in buffer tanks, or the evaporation ponds. Alternatively, production will cease until the issue is resolved.
6.2.4 Brine quantity, quality and management The use of salt is an integral part of the production process and includes the use of saline slurry ice for the transport of harvested prawns, and salt in brine chillers.
Liquid brine waste is produced via two sources at the processing plant:
Chiller brine (5.14 kL/day peak flow; 2.25 kL/day annualised daily)
RO brine (45.2 kL/day peak flow; 36.1 kL/day annualised daily)
The quality of the liquid brine produced through the chiller and RO is presented in Table 6. Due to the high concentrations of nutrients and salinity in the brine, disposal will be managed through a separate process to the treated water.
During the dry season, both the chiller brine and RO brine will be sent to either one of the two evaporation ponds onsite and the liquid evaporated and dry salt crystals harvested for sale (April to November; approximately 270 days per year). The total capacity of each evaporation pond is 22,608 kL.
During the wet season, a cover will be placed over one of the evaporation ponds and all brine waste will be directed to this pond. The covered evaporation pond will have sufficient capacity to store at least 12 months of liquid brine waste, however, should weather conditions permit, the cover will be removed and the brine waste opportunistically evaporated. The uncovered evaporation pond will be dried out and the dry salt crystals removed prior to the commencement of wet season. Any stormwater that collects in the pond over the wet season will be evaporated prior to receiving brine waste.
The peak volume of salt to be produced from the evaporation ponds each year is estimated to be 1,854 tonnes. This dry salt will be collected and bagged onsite and subsequently sold to market.
TABLE 6 BRINE WATER QUALITY
Parameter Chiller brine RO brine
Peak flow 5.14 kL/day 45.2 kL/day
Annualised daily flow 2.25 kL/day 36.1 kL/day
Total Dissolved Solids (TDS) 290,000 mg/L 108,286 mg/L
Total Suspended Solids (TSS) 195 mg/L 22 mg/L
Total Nitrogen (TN) 404 mg/L 305 mg/L
Total Phosphorous (TP) 45 mg/L 5.17 mg/L
Biological Oxygen Demand (BOD) 2,500 mg/L 38 mg/L
18 Project Sea Dragon Processing Plant Project Description
FIGURE 6 D6 DRAIN ALIGNMENT
19 Project Sea Dragon Processing Plant Project Description
FIGURE 7 TREATED WATER PIPELINE EASEMENT
20 Project Sea Dragon Processing Plant Project Description
6.3 STORMWATER MANAGEMENT A stormwater management plan has been prepared by for the site. The aim of the stormwater management plan is to:
Prevent or minimise adverse social and environmental impacts from stormwater runoff.
Achieve acceptable levels of stormwater runoff quality and quantity.
As illustrated in Figure 8, the proposed development site slopes gently to the south‐west from a high point of approximately RL36.16 along the northern boundary of the site, to a low point of approximately RL31.29 along the southern boundary of the site. Stormwater runoff from the site flows south‐west across the site towards an existing 900 mm diameter pipe and headwall prior to discharge to an existing open channel in the adjoining lot to the south.
Stormwater management has been considered for both the construction and operational phases of the processing plant.
6.3.1 Construction phase During the construction phase:
Stormwater management will involve implementation of an erosion and sediment control plan including appropriate control measures to prevent sediment leaden wastewater and other potential pollutants such as oil, paint and wet concrete from entering the stormwater system via stormwater drains and gullies.
6.3.2 Operational phase During the operational phase:
Stormwater from the proposed development roof and hardstand areas will be collected and conveyed in swale drains and directed to a detention basin located to the south west of the development. The outlets on the detention basin will be screened to capture any debris.
Detained water and overflow from the detention basin will be conveyed by a new swale drain to the existing headwall located along the southern boundary of the site.
During the wet season, a cover will be placed over one of the evaporation ponds and all brine waste will be directed to this pond. The uncovered evaporation pond will be dried out and the dry salt crystals removed prior to the commencement of wet season. Any stormwater that collects in the pond over the wet season will be evaporated prior to receiving brine waste. The capacity of the evaporation pond is 22,608 kL, which is sufficient to ensure no overtopping of stormwater from the evaporation pond during the wet season.
21 © WILEY & CO PTY LTD ABN 40 010 604 869 Figure 8 : Stormwater Treatment Plan This document is the property of Wiley & Co Pty Ltd LEGEND and is copyright. The subject matter of it is EXISTING PROPOSED DURACK DRIVE confidential. Do not use, reproduce, copy or disclose PROPERTY BOUNDARY except with and only to the extent of the prior written DURACK DRIVE 5.00 CONTOUR consent of Wiley & Co Pty Ltd. Persons receiving this BUILDING document are responsible for restricting disclosure as stated above. T T T T T T T T T T T CONCRETE T T T T T T T
36.10 T T T 36.10 N N N N N N N N N N N N N N N N N N N N N N N N N N N N N N N N N N N N T N N N N N
N STORMWATER STORMWATER EDGE OF BITUMEN II II II II II II II II II II II II II II CULVERT 36.10 CULVERT SW STORM WATER MAIN W 36.10 WATER MAIN
36.10 36.10 36.10 S SEWER MAIN 36.10 G GAS MAIN 36.10
T TELSTRA CABLE 36.10
O OPTUS CABLE 36.10 36.00
E U/GROUND ELECTRICITY 36.00 36.00 N OVERHEAD ELECTRICITY SWALE DRAIN 1
36.00 II FENCE 36.00 @0.3% 36.10 36.00 36.00 STORMWATER TOP OF BATTER 36.00
36.10 36.00
36.00 SWALE DRAIN 1 CULVERT TOE OF BATTER 36.10
36.00 36.10
@0.3% CARPARK 36.10 SWALE DRAIN
36.10 36.10
RL 36.9 36.10 36.10
36.10 SWALE DRAIN 1 ROCK PROTECTION 36.10 36.10
36.10 @0.3%
STORMWATER 36.10 CULVERT CATCHMENT BOUNDARY
NEW ROOF AREA
FFL 37.10 36.10 STORMWATER NEW PAVEMENT AREA CULVERT
FFL 37.10
NEW GROUND AREA 36.10 Consultant MPN Consulting Pty Ltd
ABN: 39 062 191 799 36.0 39 Sherwood Road, Toowong, Qld, 4066 mpn P: 61 7 3335 4555 SWALE DRAIN 1 consulting F: 61 7 3371 3196 E: [email protected] @0.3% 36.0 COPYRIGHT: THIS DESIGN AND PLANS ARE NOT TO BE USED OR REPRODUCED WHOLLY OR IN PART WITHOUT WRITTEN PERMISSION OF MPN CONSULTING PTY LIMITED 2017 ©
Project No. Drawing No. Rev No. 36.0 STORMWATER 36.10 7075 00C001 3 CULVERT 36.0
36.0
36.00 36.10
BUND RL 37.65 36.0
36.10 36.0 36.00
36.0
35.90 BUND RL 37.65 36.0 TREATMENT TABLE FL 36.50 MUSIC ID CATCHMENT AREA (m²) TREATMENT TYPE % IMPERVIOUS BASE RL 35.65 07/02/19 3 PRELIMINARY ISSUE KC MH 35.90 ROOF 5600 SWALE 100 22/01/19 2 PRELIMINARY ISSUE KC MH
35.90 1 16/10/18 1 PRELIMINARY ISSUE KC MH Date Issue Amendment Init 00C002 SWALE DRAIN 1 BUND RL 37.65 @0.3% PAVEMENT 8900 BUFFER, SWALE 100
35.90 35.90
GROUND BUND RL 37.65 51000 SWALE 0 LEVEL P 1300 385 988 E [email protected]
35.90 F 1300 385 989 W www.wiley.com.au
36.0 36.0 Brisbane Office: Level 3 100 Ipswich Road
36.0 Woolloongabba Brisbane Queensland Australia 4102
Melbourne Office: Suite 8 Level 1 30 English St 36.0 35.90
36.0 Essendon Fields Victoria Australia 3041 PROVIDE TURF PROVIDE MIN 0.3% Sydney Office: Level 1 102 Bennelong Road TO INVERT FALL TO OUTLET Olympic Park Sydney NSW Australia 2127 NATURAL SURFACE 3 4 4 Project DETENTION BASIN - 5750m . 1 1
BASE RL 35.65 REFER DWG No. 00C002 0.5m PROJECT SEADRAGON FOR DETAILS 1 1
50 300 50 OVERFLOW WEIR. 36.0 36.0
35.90 REFER DETAILS 4 x 375Ø RCP 100Ø AGG LINE WITH BUND RL 37.65 36.0 COMPACTED FREE 300
ON OOC002 UIL 34.40 ADEQUATE FALLS TO 35.90 36.0 DRAINING GRAVEL
35.90 DIL 34.35 OUTLET 35.90 36.0 35.5 35.90 35.90 35.90 35.5 5.0m 35.90
35.90
BUND RL 37.65 35.90 35.90 THIS DRAWING IS NOT FOR CONSTRUCTION KUNNURRA 35.0 SWALE DRAIN 2 35.0 WA 6743 @0.5% SWALE DRAIN 1
UIL 34.35 SWALE ALIGNMENT TO BE 34.5 N.T.S. Drawing Title 34.5 DIL 33.95 CONFIRMED BY ARBORIST 34.5 TO STORMWATER TREATMENT
NATURAL SURFACE AVOID EXISTING VEGETATION34.5 EVAPORATION PONDS PLAN - SHEET 1 (TOTAL AREA - 165m x 4 PROVIDE TURF 165m 2m DEPTH) 1 TO INVERT 4 1
TRANSITION SWALE OUTLET TO VARIES
35.0 PROVIDE MIN 0.5% EXISTING OVERLAND FLOW PATH Scale AS SHOWN FALL TO OUTLET
35.5 300 Drawn KC Date OCT 2018 35.0 34.5 100Ø AGG LINE WITH COMPACTED FREE 300 Project No. Bldg No. 34.0 ADEQUATE FALLS TO DRAINING GRAVEL OUTLET W15050 - 33.5
33.0 SWALE DRAIN 2 0 10 20 30 40 50 Drawing No. Issue N.T.S. - SCALE 1:1000 1:2000(A1)(A3) 00C001 3 PRELIMINARY Project Sea Dragon Processing Plant Project Description
7 WASTE MANAGEMENT
7.1 SOLID WASTE A total of 41.5 m3 of solid waste is generated by the processing plant each week including:
Organic matter from the primary screen
Sediment from the wastewater treatment plant, and
Other solid waste from the processing facilities, offices and stores.
Table 7 provides a summary of each of these waste products, their characteristics, maximum volumes generated each week and the proposed handling and disposal processes.
TABLE 7 SUMMARY OF SOLID WASTE PRODUCTS
Waste Characteristics Maximum Proposed Handling and Disposal Product Generated
Coarse Organic matter which is collected 6 m3/week All organic matter will be stored in a organic through the primary screen of the chiller room prior to being collected by matter Waste Water Treatment Plant (WWTP), a licenced waste disposal operator largely consists of rejected prawns, such as Tox Free and disposed of in the shells and vegetative matter such as Kununurra landfill. sticks and leaves. Will include wet waste.
Organic Organic sediment generated through 31.5 The organic sediment will be stored in sediment the Dissolved Air Flotation and m3/week skip bins onsite, adjacent to the Membrane Bioreactor of the WWTP WWTP, and will be collected daily and consists of a dewatered organic disposed of in the Kununurra Landfill material with a moisture content of no via a licenced waste disposal operator greater than 80%. It is a 'cake' like such as Tox Free. material that is spade‐able and suitable as fill when dry.
Packaging Packaging materials, and general office 4 m3/week General waste such as packaging and and other and stores waste. office waste will be stored in a skip bin hard prior to being collected on a weekly waste basis by a licenced waste disposal operator such as Tox Free and disposed of in the Kununurra landfill.
7.2 SEWAGE Sewage will be treated onsite via a standard septic tank system with leach drains. The capacity of the septic system will be for the full‐scale workforce of 102 people. Assuming a combined flow of 70 litres/person/day the expected daily wastewater volume is 7,140 litres. An Application to Construct or Install an Apparatus for the Treatment of Sewage will be made in accordance with the Health (Treatment of Sewage and Disposal of Effluent and Liquid Waste) Regulations 1974.
23 Project Sea Dragon Processing Plant Project Description
8 POWER DEMAND AND SUPPLY
The processing plant power demand is approximately 1.9 MW. As such, the processing plant and facilities will be connected to the existing Horizon Power grid network and a backup diesel generator will be on site at the plant for use during any Horizon Power outage.
Figure 9 shows the relationship between the processing plant site and the Horizon Power assets.
FIGURE 9 HORIZON POWER GRID
24 Project Sea Dragon Processing Plant Project Description
9 WORKFORCE
The processing plant will create an estimated 102 new jobs at full capacity. Recruitment of the operating workforce is scheduled to commence in Quarter 3 of 2020. While every effort will be made to source suitable workers from the existing population that is already housed in residential accommodation, it is expected that the processing plant will bring additional workers to Kununurra. PSD is supportive of domiciling as many of the workforce in Kununurra as possible. 10 ACCESS AND TRAFFIC
The processing plant will be accessed via Durack Drive, approximately 200 m west of the intersection with Research Station Road as illustrated in Figure 10. Modifications will be made both to the intersection and sections of Durack Drive between the intersection and crossovers into the processing plant.
Construction traffic and material deliveries will use Victoria Highway, Ivanhoe Road and Research Station Road to access the site on Durack Drive. This traffic effectively skirts around the Kununurra town site.
Once commissioned and operational, harvested prawns will be transported from Legune Station to the processing plant utilising Moonamang (formerly Weaber Plain) Road and Research Station Road. Processed prawns will be stored frozen until they are collected by refrigerated trucks and transported to markets or ports for export.
Table 8 presents the peak weekly, daily and hourly vehicle movements for the processing plant. Based on the Western Australian Planning Commission (WAPC) Transport Impact Assessment Guidelines (WAPC 2016), 68 vehicle movements in peak hour is classified as a 'moderate impact' and as such a Traffic Impact Statement has been completed.
As outlined above, the processing plant will employ approximately 102 staff at full capacity, with two 12 hour shifts each day. Staff will be encouraged to car pool, and a small commuter bus service may be supplied to minimise traffic to and from site, and to support shift changes. A car park will be built, providing capacity for up to 48 car spaces. There is no requirement for parking outside the property.
TABLE 8 PEAK VEHCILE MOVEMENTS
Task Vehicle Type Payload Peak vehicle movements (t) Weekly Daily Hourly
Harvested prawns 8t flatbed trucks from farms at Legune 7.2 240 40 4 Station
Processed prawns to Reefer road 39 15 3 1 market train
General supplies and Light <2 15 3 1 waste removal commercial
Personnel at plant Domestic ‐ 672 112 62 (local) vehicles
25 Project Sea Dragon Processing Plant Project Description
FIGURE 10 TRAFFIC ACCESS TO SITE
FIGURE 11 CAR PARKING ON SITE
26 Project Sea Dragon Processing Plant Project Description
11 CONSTRUCTION METHODS
11.1.1 General construction methods General methods apply in the construction of all facilities, and are summarised as:
Construction work is expected to take place 6 days per week, for nominally 10 or 12 hours shift day. No night work is planned, unless scheduled catch‐up is required.
All earthmoving equipment will be cleaned and inspected for weeds, seeds and other contaminants prior to mobilising to site and demobilising the site.
A site wide Sediment and Erosion Control Plan in accordance with International Erosion Control Association (IECA) Best Practice Erosion and Sediment Control Guidelines (IECA 2008) will be developed prior to the commencement of site works.
All structures, plant, equipment and electrical installations will be required to comply with the relevant Australian Standards or international equivalent.
Construction includes the testing and commissioning of all mechanical and electrical equipment and controls and instrumentation.
All work will be completed in a safe manner and in accordance with the Work Health and Safety Act in force at the time.
11.1.2 Civil works Access roads within the site will be all‐weather and will include all necessary road signage.
All infrastructure will be designed and constructed to the National Building Code and the relevant Australian Standards. All structures will be designed to AS 1170, the National Building Code and rated for Category Cyclone “C” rating.
Some fill material will need to be won or imported to raise the floor levels of the plant to provide flood immunity, and to provide contouring for drainage.
11.1.3 Discharge pipeline The treated water discharge pipeline will be laid above ground.
11.1.4 Services Underground services such as sewerage will be trenched.
Aboveground services such as powerlines and fibre optic cabling will be suspended on poles, or trenched underground.
11.1.5 Chemical use Table 9 presents a list of chemicals to be used at the processing plant. Aside from closed cooling and refrigeration, chemicals are used for two purposes:
To ensure food safety through sanitary processing conditions, required under product health and safety regulations: ‘cleaning’
To preserve the product through slowing oxidative processes, which in prawn is known as melanosis and causes product: ‘preserving’
27 Project Sea Dragon Processing Plant Project Description
The chemicals used are mostly required as surface cleaners. They break‐down quickly and will be converted and neutralised through the WWTP, ensuring that they do not enter the environment.
TABLE 9 CHEMICAL USAGE
Product Purpose Constituents Proportion Notes Amount used for 15,984 tonnes of prawns
Sodium Food sodium 98% Most commonly used 2,350 kg/week metabisulfite preservative metabisulfite Used in wild fisheries sodium sulfite 1%
sodium sulfate 1%
O‐CHLOR Cleaning sodium 10‐<30% Aka ‘bleach’ or 2.5 L/week hypochlorite ‘hypochlorite solution’ sodium <10% hydroxide
TOPAX 625 Cleaning sodium 5‐10% Used to clean factory 56‐77 L/week hydroxide at end of each shift
sodium 5‐10% hypochlorite
CIP ALKA Alkaline sodium 30‐60% Only used within the Volume per shift = 15 clean in hydroxide (enclosed) tub kg (max), therefore place (CIP) washers maximum of 225 kg/ potassium 1‐5% cleaning week hydroxide agent (caustic (detergent) potash)
KWIKSAN Sanitiser benzalkonium 10‐30% About 500 ml per day 3.5 g/week chloride
ethanol 1‐5%
28 Project Sea Dragon Processing Plant Project Description
12 PROJECT COMMISSIONING
Project commissioning involves:
Any piece of equipment (Food Processing, Power Generation, MSB’s & DB’s, Treatment Plants etc
Factory Acceptance Testing (FAT) – ensure the vendors meet Australian standards.
Site Acceptance Testing (SAT) – installed, powered up. This happens during pre‐commissioning and goes into commissioning and start‐up.
Electrical and communication:
FAT
Mega testing
Loop testing
Continuity testing
Point to point testing
VLF Testing of MV cables
Polarity & Insulation Resistance testing
Pre‐energisation Testing transformers / MSB’s / DB’s
Earth bonds and testing of earth grids
Resistivity testing for earth grids – needs to be done when the Geotechnical person is on site.
Earth bond testing
Transformer soaking – needs to be done during commissioning
Drum tests should be provided prior to installation
Spike testing
Endurance testing
Load testing
Stress testing
Performance testing
Unit testing
HV termination tests
MV termination tests
SAT
Mechanical, processing and instrumentation:
29 Project Sea Dragon Processing Plant Project Description
FAT
Motor bump testing
Flow tests – hydraulic and pneumatic
Valve and actuator test open close test
Treatment plants – once the plant is commissioned and started up and the facility has completed wet commissioning the treatment plants need to complete a functional validation test.
Loop testing
SAT
Refrigeration:
Nitrogen leak testing ‐ hydraulic and pneumatic
Valve and actuator test open close test
Instrument flow testing
Hydraulic:
Leak testing ‐ hydraulic and pneumatic
Valve and actuator test open close test
Instrument flow testing
Fire Services:
FAT
FIP loop testing and zone testing
Leak testing ‐ hydraulic and pneumatic
Alarm and siren – loop testing, continuity testing
Instrument flow testing
Fire Booster Valve Assembly pressure testing – completed by fire brigade prior to occupancy but pressure tested by the contractor (per item B)
SAT
Control Systems:
FAT
Loop testing
Continuity testing from control system to equipment
Unit testing
Integration testing
30 Project Sea Dragon Processing Plant Project Description
System testing
Performance testing
Usability testing
Compatibility testing
Spike testing
Endurance testing
Load testing
Stress testing
SAT
31 Project Sea Dragon Processing Plant Project Description
13 PROCESSING PLANT DECOMMISSIONING
The processing plant is proposed as an ongoing sustainable venture, with no plans to discontinue operations on the site. However, should there be a plan to either temporarily or permanently cease operations, a two‐staged approach to decommissioning would be implemented. The first stage would involve the decommissioning of the facilities so that they can be maintained in a stable, idle condition and kept in a care and maintenance mode until operations can recommence. Should it be determined that operations must permanently cease, the company would seek to lease or sell the facilities. This stage may involve selling the processing equipment and determining markets for re‐purposing warehousing, refrigeration and other spaces within the facility. Should there be no options for sale or lease of the remainder of the facilities to other users, the final stage would include removal, demolition and rehabilitation of the site. 14 PROCESSING PLANT ALTERNATIVES
During the concept and pre‐feasibility phases of the processing plant Seafams explored a broad set of options including siting the processing plant at Legune Station in the Northern Territory. From a technical perspective, such as distance and time between harvest and processing, a closer location would be preferable. However the wider social and community benefits (i.e. labour availability, being able to avoid FIFO, social well‐being of personnel, avoiding the duplication of infrastructure) led to Seafarms proposing that the processing plant ought to be located near or in Kununurra.
Other sites previously assessed for the development of the processing plant included DPIRD site Lot 318 which is located on the north side of Mulligans Lagoon Road, Kununurra; and vacant Crown land which is located off Victoria Highway, adjacent to the Ord River Diversion Dam. These two sites were discounted due to water issues associated with the first and environmental, heritage and native title issues with the second.
32 Project Sea Dragon Processing Plant Project Description
15 REFERENCES
Aquaculture Stewardship Council 2014, ASC Shrimp standard version 1.0. March 2014. Created by the Shrimp Aquaculture Dialogue March, 2014. Access date: 27 May 2016. Available from: http://www.asc‐ aqua.org/upload/ASC%20Shrimp%20Standard_v1.0.pdf.
Department of Primary Industries and Fisheries 2006, Australian Prawn Farming Manual. The State of Queensland, Department of Primary Industries and Fisheries.
Donovan 2003, Environmental Code of Practice for Australian Prawn Farmers. Australian Prawn Farmers Association.
MPN Consulting 2018, Stormwater Management Plan Project Sea Dragon Kununurra. MPN Consulting Pty Ltd. A report prepared for Project Sea Dragon Pty Ltd.
Rockwater 2018, Hydrogeological Assessment. Rockwater Hydrogeological and Environmental Consultants. A report prepared for Project Sea Dragon Pty Ltd.
Western Australian Planning Commission (WAPC) 2016, Transport Impact Assessment Guidelines Volume 1. Western Australian Planning Commission.
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