beyond 1962 : A viewpoint Page 17 SP’s An SP Guide Publication

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` 55.00 (Ind internal security maiwww.spsmai.com Vol: 2 Issue 19 ❚ October 1-15 • 2012

US Army soldiers of Stryker Brigade Combat Team use the FBCB2 for battlefield management at brigade and below

IAF chief inspects first indigenous AEW&C aircraft P Age 7

Lt General (Retd) P.C. Katoch handing over a memento to Brigadier R.K. Sharma. Brigadier Sanjay Ahuja and Major General K.J. Singh are seated in fore ground.

PAGE 11 C ommunication Digitisation of Battlefield: network for soldiers Seminar report P Age 13

From the military AEROSPACE INTERNAL security C orporate editor’s DESK 4 Updates 16 Developments 18 News 20 News 21 SP’s Exclusives 6

DELENG/2010/34651 security Breaches 22 Viewpoint 17 Unmanned 19 SPOTLIGHT

BEYOND 1962 : A VIEWPOINT PAGE 17 SP’s AN SP GUIDE PUBLICATION

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IAF inducts latest ` 55.00 (INDIA-BASED BUYER ONLY) INTERNAL SECURITY maiwww.spsmai.com Vol: 2 Issue 19 ❚ October 1-15 • 2012

US Army soldiers of Stryker Brigade Combat Team use the FBCB2 for battlefield SU-30 MKI variant management at brigade and below

IAF chief inspects first U-30 MKI aircraft was inducted into Western Air indigenous AEW&C aircraft PAGE 7 Cover: Lt General (Retd) P.C. Katoch handing over a memento to Brigadier R.K. Sharma. Brigadier Sanjay Ahuja Command in a formal ceremony at Air Force and Major General K.J. Singh are seated in fore ground. US Army soldiers of Stryker Station Halwara on September 25, 2012. Air Mar- Brigade Combat Team use the PAGE 11 FBCB2 for battlefield management shal Arup Raha, AOC-in-C Western Air Command IAF Communication S Digitisation of Battlefield: network for soldiers Seminar report PAGE 13 at brigade and below.

FROM THE MILITARY AEROSPACE INTERNAL SECURITY CORPORATE was the chief guest for the induction ceremony. EDITOR’S DESK 3 Updates 16 Developments 18 News 20 News 21 SP’S EXCLUSIVES 4 DELENG/2010/34651 SECURITY BREACHES 22 Viewpoint 17 Unmanned 19 Cover image: www.def.gov While the first batch of SU-30 MKI was inducted into 1_SP's MAI Cover 19-2012.indd 1 29/09/12 5:51 PM IAF in September 2002, the 220 Squadron at Halwara, known as ‘Desert Tigers’, which flew the MiG-23 air- Publisher And Editor-in-Chief SP’s websites craft till 2005, is now resurrected with the latest SU-30 Jayant Baranwal Sr Web Developer: Shailendra P. Ashish MKI Squadron in Western Air Command. The SU-30 Web Developer: Ugrashen Vishwakarma MKI is a frontline all-weather air-dominance fighter Assistant Group editor with multi-role capability, which can undertake var- R. Chandrakanth © SP Guide Publications, 2012 ied air combat and ground attack missions. SR Technical Group EditorS Annual Subscription Air Force Station Halwara witnessed a well-coordi- Air Marshal (Retd) B.K. Pandey Inland: `1,320 • Foreign: US$ 325 nated ceremony on this occasion. Guests from West- Air Marshal (Retd) V.K. Bhatia ern Air Command graced the event. The chief guest Lt General (Retd) Naresh Chand E-mail: [email protected] was received by Air Officer Commanding Air Force Lt General (Retd) V.K. Kapoor R. Adm (Retd) S.K. Ramsay LETTERS TO THE EDITOR [email protected] SPECIAL Contributor Lt General (Retd) P.C. Katoch FOR Advertising details, contact: [email protected] SR Copy editor & CORRESPONDENT [email protected] Sucheta Das Mohapatra [email protected] Chairman & Managing Director [email protected] Jayant Baranwal SP GUIDE PUBLICATIONS PVT LTD planning & business development A-133 Arjun Nagar, Executive Vice President: Rohit Goel (Opposite Defence Colony) ADMIN & COORDINATION New Delhi 110 003, India. Bharti Sharma Tel: +91 (11) 24644693, design & LAYOUT 24644763, 24620130 Senior Art Director: Anoop Kamath Station Halwara, Air Commodore R.G.K. Kapoor. An Fax: +91 (11) 24647093 Designers: Vimlesh Kumar Yadav, impressive parade contingent presented a general E-mail: [email protected] salute to the AOC-in-C. Later the Commanding Offi- Sonu Bisht cer of the Squadron, Wing Commander Sharad Aneja Research Assistant - Graphics: Representative Office took permission from the Air Marshal to get airborne Survi Massey 204, Jal Vayu Vihar in a SU-30 MKI aircraft. The ceremony included an SALES & MARKETING Kalyan Nagar impressive flypast by the SU-30s of 220 Squadron. Director: Neetu Dhulia Bangalore 560043 The pilots of the Squadron executed the charac- General Manager Sales: Rajeev Chugh Tel : +91 (80) 23682204 teristic ‘Trishul’ formation in a spectacular manner signifying their formal induction into the premier Air Owned, published and printed by Jayant Baranwal, printed at Kala Jyothi Process Pvt Ltd Command of the IAF. and published at A-133, Arjun Nagar (Opposite Defence Colony), New Delhi 110 003, India. Air Marshal Arup Raha in his address congratulat- All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, photocopying, recording, electronic, ed the air warriors of Halwara airbase for successful or otherwise without prior written permission of the Publishers. induction of SU-30 MKI. He appreciated the tireless efforts put in by all personnel in operationalising the Squadron within a very short period. The Squadron has enhanced the operational capability of the West- ern Air Command in a substantial manner. The Air Marshal and his wife interacted with the officers and their spouses during the social get-together organ- ised at the Officers’ Mess. SP

PHOTOGRAPH: PIB www.spguidepublications.com

2 SP’S MAI Issue 19 • 2012 www.spsmai.com Shoots for the Moon with ANSYS

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hat India’s Coast Guard is rapidly building up capabilities to opments indicate that all may not be lost with the Army’s massive prevent a repeat of 26/11 type of situation was more than evi- $6 billion very short range air defence system (VSHORADS), which dent from what transpired during the 31st Coast Guard Com- looks to connect nearly 1,000 launcher systems and over 6,000 mis- Tmanders’ Conference held in Delhi. Inaugurating the three-day con- siles, having progressed into a crucial phase involving quality assur- ference on August 31, Defence Minister A.K. Antony highlighted the ance tests at Bangalore and a check-out the electronic systems in expansion and strengthening of the Coast Guard. He revealed that Ladakh. According to the latest buzz, the big-ticket bid is currently the Coast Guard Development Plan has been approved and ade- a three-way fight between the French MBDA Mistral, Sweden’s Saab quate funds have been provided. The ‘service’ is indeed on course RBS 70 NG and Russia’s KBM new generation Igla-S. Field evalua- to double its assets and capacity building by the end of the 12th Five tion trials of all three VSHORADS platforms were conducted under Year Plan period. A new Coast Guard Regional Headquarters and different conditions in Rajasthan (hot-weather), Visakhapatnam five Coast Guard Stations have been established. By the end of the (coastal) and Ladakh (high altitude). So far, all three seemed to have current financial year, another six (already sanctioned) stations are performed to specifications. The competition could go either way also likely to be established. The Phase-I of the Coastal Surveillance and, understandably, the fight is going to be fierce with each team Network project is nearing completion and the system will provide extolling its product to the hilt. additional measures towards electronic surveillance. An article by Lt General (Retd) P.C. Katoch on Communication However Antony asserted, “We aim to achieve near-gap-free Network for Soldiers deliberates on some of the latest trends and electronic surveillance along our coasts”, it is hoped that a whole evolving technologies. gamut of technology absorption, training, human resource man- As the saying goes, “May the best win” but win, it must. Army agement, inter-service and inter-departmental issues to provide cannot any longer allow its projects to keep floundering on the rocks the necessary synergy and the all important ‘command and con- of uncertainties and vested interests. trol’ issues would be successfully tackled to make the country’s maritime borders impregnable to undesired elements. The Indian Coast Guard will have to play its role to perfection so that the nation doesn’t face the ignominy of 26/11 ever again. With contract negotiations are in full swing, the Indian Air Force (IAF) is hopeful that its multibillion-dollar deal for 126 Rafale fighters would soon move towards a logical conclusion. A recent statement by the IAF Chief Air Chief Marshal N.A.K. Browne that while the issues pertaining to offsets, transfer of technology, HAL’s role and costs were indeed complex, the entire process was progressing smoothly and he hoped the deal will be signed somewhere around the end of the cur- rent financial year. It is hoped that the Air Chief’s words will put an end to unnecessary rumour-mongering and provide comforting balm to the ‘frayed-with-anxiety’ nerves of the winning OEM’s officials. And, what is happening on the Indian Army’s front whose mod- Jayant Baranwal ernisation plans continue to be in a state of slumber. Recent devel- Publisher and Editor-in-Chief

4 SP’S MAI Issue 19 • 2012 www.spsmai.com checking.indd 2 26/09/12 4:04 PM SP’s Exclusives By SP’s Special Correspondent Indian VSHORADS competition progresses

French MBDA Mistral

Sweden’s Saab RBS 70 NG

Russia’s KBM new generation Igla-S

he massive $6-billion Indian Army very short range air fight is fierce. Rosoboronexport, which displayed its Igla-S system defence system (VSHORADS) competition, which looks to at Defexpo 2012 is confident that its new generation system is a contract nearly 1,000 launcher systems and over 6,000 mis- fitting replacement for the legacy MANPADS Igla currently in ser- Tsiles, has progressed into a crucial phase which involves quality vice with the Indian Army, and that type commonality could be a assurance tests at Bangalore and a check-out of the electronics sys- game-changer. tems on the three remaining contenders in Ladakh. The big-ticket According to MBDA, “India is looking to replace its old Igla bid is currently a three-way fight between the French MBDA Mis- systems. With Mistral MANPADS in their inventory, India’s armed tral, Sweden’s Saab RBS 70 NG and Russia’s KBM new generation forces would have a system that weighs less than 19 kgs rendering Igla-S. Field evaluation trials of all three VSHORADS platforms were it easily portable by two operators, rapidly brought into action and conducted in May in Rajasthan (hot weather trials), Visakhapat- fired. Being a fire-and-forget system, once the immediate threat has nam (coastal environmental trials) and Ladakh (high altitude, cold been engaged, attention can then be turned towards other targets, a weather trials). All three teams are simultaneously in country for the crucial advantage that man-in-the-loop laser beam riding systems critical phases in Bangalore and Ladakh. Discussions will also be do not have. For an enemy pilot, at ranges of up to 6 km and beyond, conducted on transfer of technology to default licence manufactur- Mistral’s passive IR seeker means that it is very hard to detect and ing partner the Bharat Dynamics Ltd (BDL). So far, all three systems defend against.” have performed to specifications and expectations, sources say. The Saab contends, “The RBS 70 NG is on offer to the Indian Army to Army is looking for a system that can be deployed in multiple con- fill a crucial need gap. The all-new RBS 70 NG VSHORAD system is figurations including man-portable, fitted on a twin-launcher, based a versatile battlefield game changer and will offer critical edge in the on a high-mobility vehicle, ship-based and submarine based. The spectrum of deployment. We believe that the RBS 70 NG meets and weapon systems fielded have so far demonstrated several capabili- exceeds the requirements of the Indian Army for a system that has ties during trials, including multiple target detection and tracking by multiple target seeking and tracking capabilities, multi-launcher day and night, providing target acquisition to the munition, engage- capability, ability to deploy from high mobility vehicles and ship and ment of aerial targets, etc. submarine naval vessels, ability to engage aerial targets by day and

PHOTOGRAPH: Rosoboronexport, MBDA, Saab As things stand, the competition could go either way, and the night and aerial target detection capability.” SP

6 SP’S MAI Issue 19 • 2012 www.spsmai.com SP’s Exclusives By SP’s Special Correspondent

New generation Su-30 unveiled he brand new Su-30SM, the latest variant of the Su-30 series, devel- oped by JSC Sukhoi Design Bureau Tand designed for the Russian Ministry of Defence, made its debut flight at the air- field of Irkutsk Aviation Plant in Russia. The Russian Air Force has ordered 30 Su- 30SMs (deal signed in March this year), now likely to enter service earlier than expected. The new variant is an evolu- tion of the MK series of Flanker jets sup- plied to India as well. The variant has a new radar system, IFF and ejection seats,

programme. “The world is watching this IAF chief inspects first programme with bated breath. Its success indigenous AEW&C will put our country into the elite group which can develop and deliver such com- aircraft plex state-of-the-art systems,” said Dr Vijay ndia’s first indigenous AEW&C system Kumar Saraswat, Director General, DRDO. has been formally received by the Ban- The indigenous AEW&C system based on galore-based Centre for Airborne Sys- projections by the IAF and built on the Items (CABS), which along with CEMILAC, EMB-145I by DRDO has incorporated more DGAQA and an IAF/Embraer team, will operational capabilities than contempo- now put the aircraft through crucial systems rary systems of its class”. According to the and flight trials. IAF chief Air Chief Marshal makers, the indigenous AEW&C system N.A.K. Browne, who was chief guest at the is a multi-sensor system providing for all ceremony, had his first chance to inspect aspects of airborne early warning & control the new platform. Speaking on the occa- in today’s defence scenario. The aircraft is sion, he said the AEW&C programme is scheduled to proceed to ‘shake down’ trials the starting point for much larger, more shortly, and spend a year in integration and complex projects such as AWACS India development flight trials. SP

in addition to a list of other equipment HAL scouts cockpit stipulated in requirements drawn up by the Russian Air Force. According to an display systems for Irkuts statement, at the contract signing light choppers Anatoly Serdyukov, the Russian Defence Minister, noted that the upcoming entry AL has announced interest in sourc- of the modern two-seat supermanoeu- ing AMLCD-based display systems vrable aircraft into the Russian armed to replace the conventional cockpits forces significantly increases the combat Hof Cheetah, Chetak and Cheetal light heli- power of the Russian Air Force. “More- copters in service with the armed forces. over, technical capabilities of the fighter HAL has said it would prefer off-the-shelf allow achieving a higher level of pilot’s systems for rapid evaluation and installa- training, which is especially important tion. It is looking for 50 sets for the Cheetal System is to be installed on the helicopter due to the increasing procurement of fleet and 200 sets for the Cheetah and cockpit to provide man machine interface new generation combat aircraft,” the Chetak fleets combined. The scope of work and to display engine and other param- statement said. The IAF is also in the pro- defined by the EoI invitation includes deliv- eters. HAL stipulates that it needs to be cess of evaluating an upgrade of its Su- ery of certified off-the-shelf engine display full colour NVG compatible AMLCD type 30MKI fleet. The Su-30SM debut flight and other display systems, conducting with LED backlighting. Two SMFDs will be was piloted by JSC Sukhoi Design Bureau : DRDO, Irkut, HAL

s of required modifications to hardware required to be installed in each helicopter test pilots Sergey Kostin and Pavel Mal- and software, support during integration, cockpit to provide man machine interface ovechko. The flight lasted two hours and ground and flight testing of helicopters up and to display primary flight, navigational is said to have “passed flawlessly”. SP

PHOTOGRAPH to full certification. The Engine Display and helicopter data. SP

Issue 19 • 2012 SP’S MAI 7 SP’s Exclusives By SP’s Special Correspondent

autonomous underwater vehicles (AUVs) Indian Navy inducts and remotely operated vehicles (ROVs) for first catamaran survey specific investigations, an advanced Elec- tronic Positioning System, Multibeam Swath vessel Sounding Systems and Sub Bottom Profiler. eralding a new, albeit small, chapter The vessel also has a full range of latest in Indian shipbuilding, the Indian oceanographic and land survey equipment. Navy has inducted its first catamaran INS Makar accommodates six officers and Hhydrographic survey vessel, INS Makar, the 44 sailors. According to the Navy, “The ship first of its kind to be inducted. The ship has has enhanced Indian Navy’s already exist- Trouble in been built by Alcock Ashdown Gujarat Ltd. ing world class sea/ocean survey capabil- Vikramaditya trials, The ship is propelled by four Cummins-built ity. INS Makar also marks a new chapter in engines and two bow thrusters. With two on- the annals of hydrography in our country. delivery delayed board survey motor boats, the entire propul- The primary role of the ship is to undertake he refurbished, refitted Russian- sion, navigational and power management hydrographic surveys, required for produc- built aircraft carrier for the Indian systems on the INS Makar have been inte- tion of nautical charts and publications Navy, Vikramaditya, has run into grated into a single state-of-the-art system aimed at improving navigational safety at Tserious trouble with propulsion-related called Integrated Platform Management sea. She is equipped with an array of mod- equipment malfunctioning during high- System, now standard on all indigenously ern surveying equipment and also under- speed trials in the Barents Sea this month, built ships for the Navy and Coast Guard. take limited oceanographic surveys towards raising serious questions on the quality The equipment on INS Makar includes providing marine environmental data.” SP of the refurbishment and, perhaps more importantly, the possibility that the ship has major design flaws that saw it out of action starting the early 1990s. The former Admiral Gorshkov, contracted IAF hopeful of Rafale by the Indian Government in January 2004, and expected to be delivered to deal this year the Indian Navy in December this year ith contract negotiations on in to coincide with the Navy Day, is now full swing, the Indian Air Force unlikely to change hands before April is hopeful that a multibillion- 2013, perhaps even later. The Indian Wdollar deal for 126 Rafale fighters will be Navy has pointed to problems with an signed before the end of this financial year. unspecified number of boilers on the IAF chief Air Chief Marshal N.A.K. Browne, old warship that shut down during high- in Bangalore, said, “Negotiations are on. power trials when the ship was pushed We should be able to finish the contract this to its maximum speed of about 29 knots. financial year. It is a complex process. We with any company other than Dassault, in The Indian Government was forced to are discussing offsets, transfer of technol- an attempt to quell speculation that Euro- more than double its contracted cost for ogy, HAL’s role and the cost. It is progress- fighter and Rosoboronexport had both said the ship to $2.3 billion three years ago ing well.” The Air Chief’s words will come that they were in discussions with the MoD after it was jointly decided that the scope as comfort to Dassault Aviation at a time and had reason to believe that the MMRCA of work had been monumentally under- when there has been some speculation competition could be rebooted. According estimated. Delays in the Vikramaditya about Eurofighter making an effort to get to sources, negotiations with Dassault are come shortly after India’s own aircraft back into the competition. Any reopening progressing smoothly, even though there : Indian Navy, Dassault Aviation : Indian Navy,

s carrier, the under-construction Vikrant, of the competition has been categorically are several points that still need clarifica- has also gone slow, with no possibility of ruled out by the MoD and IAF at this time. tion. Sources in Dassault said they were induction before 2018. SP The MoD recently said that its officials were confident that a deal would be signed

PHOTOGRAPH not in discussion — official or unofficial — before the year was out. SP

8 SP’S MAI Issue 19 • 2012 www.spsmai.com SP’s Exclusives By SP’s Special Correspondent

Decision on tanker Decision on heavylift edly defeated the ­Russian Mi-28NE Night competition next Hunter), the competition for the heavylift copter competition contract is still a hot one that could wing month this month either way. The IAF has stressed this time crucial competition to select on a high-altitude bad weather capability, a new mid-air tanker for the he government is expected to open something that both helicopters have been Indian Air Force is likely to end bids to select a new heavylift helicop- able to demonstrate. Sources indicate that Anext month with the opening of bids. ter for the IAF — a choice between the Boeing team made full use of combat EADS, which fields the Airbus A330 Tthe Boeing CH-47F Chinook and the Rus- videos of the Chinook in the highlands of multi-role tanker transport, will be sian Mi-26T2. The competition looks to Afghanistan to stress the platform’s high watching with baited breath, having contract for 15 helicopters to augment and altitude prowess. The Mi-26T2 team has burnt its fingers once before: in late replace the small number of older genera- stressed platform commonality with what 2009, the competition’s first attempt tion Mi-26 choppers that currently oper- the IAF already operates and assured a was scrapped after EADS emerged a ate from the IAF’s Chandigarh air base. lifetime supply of spares and support to front-runner on the matter of high fly­ Trials on both platforms took place in assuage any concerns on that front, in away cost, despite a strenuous effort by India and abroad in 2010-11. While Boe- addition to fielding an upgraded helicop- the IAF to convince the MoD not to can- ing has all but been officially declared ters with much more advanced onboard cel the tender. The company is under- winner in a parallel attack helicopter bid and navigation systems than its earlier ava- stood to have reworked its strategy (it’s AH-64D Apache Block III has report- tar in service with the IAF. SP in the refloated competition with the same platform, and will make use of the new focus on ownership/life-cycle cost, rather than platform cost. It competes Rheinmetall Air that RAD and its employees acted in full against the Russian Ilyushin-78M, six of compliance with the law. Notwithstanding which are already operational with the Defence fights blacklist its decision to seek redress through India’s IAF. Following the floating of a fresh ten- ighting a 10-year blacklist that came legal system, RAD remains committed to a der in 2010, field evaluation trials were into effect earlier on March 5 this close dialogue with Indian authorities and conducted in Spain in July that year, fol- year, Rheinmetall Air Defence (RAD), is ready to cooperate with them in order to lowed by Indian trials in Gwalior. Both FZurich, has sought legal recourse against clear its name with regard to the blacklist- tankers are understood to have met all the order debarring the company from ing. As a matter of principle, RAD binds requirements. The IAF is understood to doing business with India’s Ordnance itself and its employees to strict compliance have once again stated its preference Factory Board (OFB) for a decade. A writ standards. The company enjoys an excel- for the A330 MRTT, though it remains to petition filed by the company came up for lent track record in meeting these stan- be seen how the mathematics work out hearing in a Delhi court last week. In a state- dards in all markets where it operates.” RAD at the MoD. SP : US Army, Airbus, DPR Defence : US Army,

s ment, Rheinmetall Air Defence said, “The was one of six firms blacklisted for a period company is determined to prove in India’s of 10 years in March, which included ST for more, log on to: courts that allegations which led to RAD’s Kinetics Corporation Defence Russia and www.spsmai.com

PHOTOGRAPH blacklisting in March 2012 are false and Israel’s IMI. SP

Issue 19 • 2012 SP’S MAI 9 SP’s Exclusives By SP’s Special Correspondent With Tatra deals on hold, BEML revving up on other army projects

t has been a turbulent year for the 400 km. The vehicle will need 6-kg under defence PSU Bharat Earth Movers Ltd vehicle blast protection in addition to (BEML), with its Tatra truck line com- bullet-proofing on all sides. The Army Iing under the spotlight of allegations, would like space to transport six anti- and an ongoing CBI probe into the entire tank guided munitions (ATGMs). Trans- programme. Having risked its relation- mission needs to encompass six forward ship with one of its largest customers, gears and one reverse. the Indian Army, the company has now Another larger requirement is for lined up a raft of programmes it is inter- 2,500 infantry mobility vehicles, with a ested in participating in as a developer seating capacity of 1+5. This will be a vehi- and supplier. Many of these programmes cle of not more than 9,000 kg unladen, are critical to continued modernisation StryKer armoured fighting vehicle and a payload of 1,800 kg (including 250 of the Army’s infantry units. The require- litres of drinking water). Similar bullet- ments run into thousands of speciality proofing requirements apply to the IMV vehicles for the Army’s infantry and special forces units. BEML has as well — stanag 1 and bullet-proof glass. Most other parameters run invited global expressions of interest to cater to Army requirements similar to the LBPV qualitative requirements. for 3,500 light bullet proof vehicles (LBPV), 2,500 infantry mobility The Army is also looking at an unspecified number of light vehicles, an unspecified number of light armoured multipurpose armoured multipurpose vehicles (LAM). Pre-requisites on this vehicles, 500-600 light speciality strike specialist vehicles and 228 vehicle include mobility, firepower and protection for reconnais- light strike vehicles – a total of over 7,000 vehicles at the very least. sance missions – the LAM need to be equipped with observation, BEML will be looking to acquire technology through a partner and surveillance and communication equipment, and built with a mod- build the vehicles at dedicated lines in country for the Army. The ular upgradable design. Importantly, the LAM needs to have stretch state-owned firm will, of course, compete against private competi- potential to incorporate imperative upgrades and retain functional tors like Tata, Mahindra and others. BEML requires interested ven- superiority, according to BEML, which states in its invitation to dors or partners to express interest formally by October 9. potential partners, “The future battlefield will be characterised by The Army has outlined a requirement of 500-600 light special- fast movements and engagements over all types of terrain with fluid ist vehicles – basically agile infantry vehicles with protection against and rapidly changing situations. Real time surveillance, integrared small arms fire. The Army is looking for a vehicle with a minimum C4I2 and precision weapon systems will be the mainstay of forces in payload of 1,000 kg, and an unladen weight that cannot exceed 3,750 conflict. Rapid deployment forces transportable by sea and air. The kg. The vehicle must have ground clearance not less than 250mm LAM should allow the mechanised forces to operate in such a wide fully laden, and powered by a turbo-charged diesel engine with a spectrum of conflict.” The LAM will be a six-tonne (plus payload of minimum operating life of 1,00,000 km. BEML is looking for vendors 1.5 tonnes) vehicle with a crew of four including the driver. Cru- who can field platforms with power to weight ratio not less than 25 cially, the LAM needs to be transportable by air, sea and rail without kW/tonne fully laden with the air-conditioner on, sand and off-road modifications. For operations, the vehicle needs to have a sensor tyres, self-sealing fuel tank with fire suppression features, stowage module incorporating a retractable mast holding a thermal imager for 18 belt boxes of 7.62mm belted ammunition or six advanced and a day camera + GPS equipment. The Army wants the LAM to rifle grade munitions (ARGMs). The vehicle also needs to be able to sport a weapon mount for one 12.7mm machine gun with a 180 store at least 120 litres of water in two tanks. The Army also insists degree swivel with front protection for the gunner. BEML has identi- on power steering, automatic 4x4 transmission with an internal shift fied critical equipment on the LAM as: automotive systems includ- mode to 4x2 mode four forward gears and one reverse. As with most ing engine, drive train and suspension, protection – better metal- speciality vehicles, the Army requires independent suspension on lurgy/armour technology to reduce weight, surveillance – thermal all four wheels. The light speciality vehicle will need to be capable imager-based observation equipment – retractable/telescopic mast of operations in ambient temperatures ranging from freezing tem- and controls, electronics sub-system management, communica- peratures to 40 degrees Celsius. The Army wants to be able to push tion, navigation, vehicle diagnostics etc and their integration, design the vehicles to a maximum speed of 100 kmph on level highways – in-built growth/stretch potential and upgrades. and 60 km/h in desert/off-road conditions, with an acceleration of Finally, the Army is also looking to acquire at least 228 light strike 0-60 km/h in 12 seconds. The vehicle needs to have a range of opera- vehicles (LSVs) for its Para (Special Forces) units, to “operate in hos- tion of minimum 400 km for cross country, and a gradeability of 30 tile environment as an offensive weapon platform – in all terrains”. degrees fully laden. Obviously, the Army has stipulated protection Configured as a 1+5 crew vehicle, the LSV will be a 3,000-kg vehicle – stanag 1 on all sides and bullet-proof glass. Each light specialist with a 950-kg payload. The LSV’s range of operations will be 600 km vehicle will need to carry five passengers apart from the driver. at a cruising speed of not less than 110 km/h. A weapon mount in The largest requirement in the current list is for 3,500 LBPV. the co-driver’s seat for a 7.62mm general purpose machine gun and With a crew of 2+4 and a payload of 1,500 kg, the LBPV needs to a weapon mount for a MBDA-BDL MILAN anti-tank missile must have a kerb weight of not more than 7,500 kg. Operating range of be included on the platform. The vehicle also needs to be capable of vehicle designs fielded will be similar to the specialist vehicles, at operations at high altitude without modifications. SP

10 SP’S MAI Issue 19 • 2012 www.spsmai.com military Communication Network Communication network for soldiers [ By Lt General (Retd) P.C. Katoch] system will reroute automatically to allow continuity of operation when a communications link is broken. Voice and data communica- ommunications for soldiers have undergone rapid tions can be relayed to the soldier directly or via drone relay links changes. It is possible to deploy even independent sub- from HQs, which have downloaded battlefield commands, infor- squad elements and coordinate their activity and fire- mation and images from forward observers, UAVs, remote sensors power as they remain networked into the Battlefield and other airborne or satellite surveillance assets. Soldiers will have Management System (BMS). a GPS, a dead reckoner and map displays to increase situational CModern intra-squad specialised radios offer effective commu- awareness. Helmet displays, wrist-mounted displays, hand-held nications within the squad and between combat teams, enabling and laptop computers and communications systems are being con- effective operations. Digital information through hand-held com- sidered. 35,000 sets of FIST kits are expected to be procured and the puter displays provide unprecedented situational awareness and systems will be deployed in the British Army, Royal Air Force Regi- information combining integrated navigation, observation and ment and Royal Marines entering service between 2015 and 2020. orientation devices, optimising optronics, digital compass, GPS The French Army has deployed some 1,500 systems of T-BMS systems and laser rangefinders for combat orientation and coordi- – Commander Battle in their Special Forces, Intelligence, Mountain nation. Maps, sketches, overlays, aerial imagery, sensor data, intel- Infantry, Parachute, Light Manouvre Brigade and French-German ligence information and standard reports are shared/generated. Brigades. Sub-systems include GIS Information System (vector, Soldiers can communicate with UAVs and call for air strikes and other remote controlled weapon platforms. US Army uses the FBCB2 for battlefield management at bri- gade and below. The system is deployed in Stryker Brigades. It has demonstrated improvements in combat effectiveness and is leading the endeavour to digitise the US Army’s battlefield for 21st Century Soldier. Important features include, near real time, accuracy of loca- tions, automated icons and ubiquitous platforms — expanded range of operation, reduced communication time, coordinated manouvre capability by night/bad weather, faster decision making, better cer- tainty, reduced fratricide and increased lethality. The Land Warrior programme was launched in 1994 to build initial capability and then a Land Warrior Stryker Interoperable. The first interoperable systems were delivered in 2005 for testing and assessment after which it was decided to merge the programme with the Future Force Warrior to enable more efficient spiral develop- ment of new technologies and eventually develop the Ground Soldier Users can trade chat messages with an operator of System (GSS); the next generation of Land Warrior. 900 Land Warrior FBCB2, which enables warfighters in vehicles and systems and 300 vehicle-integration kits were received by 2009. The aircraft to exchange messages – such as the location of system is modular and tailored for the soldier’s task and mission. The an enemy or an improvised explosive device – and share a common operating picture of the battlefield unit commander decides the components of Land Warrior that will be deployed for a mission. The two main Land Warrior configurations are for the soldier and the squad leader. The soldier version includes a raster, elevation maps, synchronised 2D/3D view, navigation aids, radio with short range inter-squad voice and data communications. A etc), situational display services (tactical editor, military symbols, squad leader’s system includes a multi-band inter- and intra-team SIN- order of battle, ID cards), messaging services, mission preparatory CGARS compatible radio, a keyboard and hand-held flat panel display. services (map workshop – terrain study and interpretation of the The British Army has the P-BISA – Bowman as BMS based on battlefield, plans and orders preparation, itinerary planning, radio tactical and secure voice and data communications. Soldier mod- network configuration etc), mission executive services (situational ernisation is being progressed under the FIST (Future Infantry Sol- awareness including blue force tracking, automated sharing, graph- dier Technology) Program. Five main areas of capability identified ics and alerts, orders and reports generation, logistics status man- are C4I (command, control, communications, computers and intel- agement), and after action review services (replay of operational ligence), lethality (weapons and sights), mobility (navigation, size, sequence, recall/review tactical changes, messages received, etc). weight), survivability (clothing, stealth, body armour) and sustain- Israeli Defence Forces have the ‘Hunter’ system combining all C4I ability (logistical considerations). efforts in the ground forces to achieve full operability, synergising Every infantry soldier may have FIST. Unit commanders will doctrine, manpower, planning, development and training. Platform specify equipping tailored to operational and mission requirements. integration includes the non-line of sight platforms (mortars, artil- Soldiers will have a small encrypted radio that operates over a line- lery, MLRS), manoeuvre platforms (tanks, Infantry, reconnaissance of-sight, short range to other members of his unit. The patrol leader’s elements, Engineers, logistic elements, intelligence elements),

PHOTOGRAPH: US Army radio will communicate with forward operating base. The network airborne platforms and air defence. The project to integrate vari-

Issue 19 • 2012 SP’S MAI 11 military Communication Network

Soldato Futuro: which runs on a Larimart computer using a standard man machine interface (MMI) 4-inch touch-screen, which allows the user to receive and send pre- With the signature of the contract for 92 preproduction sets, the Italian formatted and free text messages and to show digital maps, navigation menus Future Soldier programme is developed by a team of five companies led by and GPS grids. The computer, together with batteries and other electronic Selex Communications, the other four being Selex Galileo and Larimart both components, such as the GPS, are installed on the soldier’s back and linked part of Finmeccanica as the prime contractor, Beretta and Aero Sekur. through the so-called “e-vest” which contains all connecting cables, wireless Italy’s Future Soldier system’s pivotal element is the command and control links having been reduced to a minimum in order to minimise electromagnetic system whose software is provided by Selex Comms and Selex Galileo and signature and jamming problems.

ous media for seamless connectivity is called Tiger. Future Tactical ing the infantry soldier “a self-contained fighting machine”, is based Combat Radio (FTCR) and Secure Cellular through IP routers and on the Land Warrior system of the US Army and Future Soldier Pro- Gateways are part of the project. grams of other nations. This is being developed in three phases. Phase The Indian Army is progressing with soldier modernisation 1 comprises weapons, body armour, clothing and individual equip- through Projects BMS and F-INSAS. The BMS will comprise of a tac- ment. Phase 2 is the Target Acquisition System. Phase 3 comprises tical hand-held computer with individual soldiers and tactical com- Computer Sub-System, Radio Sub-System, Software and Software puters at battle group HQ and combat vehicles. Computers will be Integration. F-INSAS will provide the infantryman with latest weap- integrated employing application and database servers connected onry, communication network and instant access to information on on a data enabled communication network. The system will enable the battlefield. It will include a fully networked all-terrain, all-weather generation of common operational picture by integrating inputs from personal-equipment platform, enhanced firepower and mobility all relevant sources within a battle group by integrated use of GIS and for the digitised battlefield. Soldiers will be equipped with mission- GPS. It will be a highly mobile system which is able to network itself by oriented equipment integrated with his buddy soldier team, the integration of components and provide a high data rate. sub-unit, as also the overall C4I2 (command, control, communica- Communications should not interfere with legacy communi- tions, computers, information and intelligence) system. Fielding in all cation equipment, optimally utilise available bandwidth involving infantry and RR units is likely to be complete by 2020-25 or so. voice, data, video streaming and imageries and scalable to ensure Weight has always been a problem for the foot soldier. BAE its availability to all elements and range from being man-portable to Systems has developed a series of Body Wearable Antennas (BWA) retro-fitting in combat vehicles. The Army would seeking long ranges, which will reduce weight while providing high level of battlefield high bandwidth data transmission facilitating messaging includ- information and connectivity. BWA allows soldiers to communi- ing voice mail, quickly deployable, self configuring and self healing cate without conventional radio whip-antennas as the antennas are networks, easy to customise, rolling coverage and interoperability. woven into the fibre of the uniform, technology allowing effective Focus will have to be on change in network topology, non-line of sight communication with improved agility. A concept demonstrator has communications, spectrum management, network management already been developed to showcase the capability of this technol- systems, Quality of Service, security of communications, networks ogy which transmits voice, video data (from a helmet-mounted and storage, robustness and authentication. Compression technolo- camera) and GPS location via the same antenna. The Indian Army gies for passage of information and Software Defined Radios (SDRs) should be looking at such technologies. SP must be capitalised. The F-INSAS programme, which is to ensure a

PHOTOGRAPH : Selex Galileo dramatic increase in lethality, survivability and mobility while mak- The author is a veteran Lieutenant General of the Indian Army

12 SP’S MAI Issue 19 • 2012 www.spsmai.com military Seminar Report A seminar on Digitisation of Battlefield Organised by SP Guide Publications in collaboration with the Centre for Land Warfare Studies (CLAWS), the seminar witnessed serving and retired senior Army officials and industry representatives deliberating and discussing on various aspects of battlefield, challenges and solutions

Major General (Retd) D.C. Katoch welcoming the participants and audience of the seminar; Special address by Lt General Narendra Singh, DCOAS (P&S), Indian Army and SP’s CMD and Editor-in-Chief Jayant Baranwal expressing his vote of thanks.

[ By Sucheta Das Mohapatra] Control System (ACCCS), Directorate General Artillery, said that in traditional systems there was disorientation and lack of control, oth serving and retired Indian Army officers and repre- whereas with technology there is increased intelligence and sur- sentatives from the industry assembled in large num- veillance capability; enhanced weapon, lethality, rockets, precision bers at the Hotel Oberoi in New Delhi on September guided munitions (PGMs), increased data transmission, situational 20, debating, deliberating and articulating on the tech- awareness, etc. “The communication architecture is most impor- nology requirements of the Indian Army. The occasion tant in artillery system: the capability of interfacing with legacy and Bwas a seminar on “Digitisation of Battlefield”, organised by SP Guide future communication system; communication on the grid network Publications in collaboration with the Centre for Land Warfare Stud- and integrated with other C3I components, etc.” He threw light on ies (CLAWS). The aim of the seminar was to highlight and review mini unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs), surveillance radars, future the magnitude and complexity of the programme and to outline the infantry soldier as a system (F-INSAAS), etc and ended with the San- role the industry could play in assisting the Indian Army, but inter- skrit words charaveti charaveti (keep moving, keep moving). estingly discussions about the flaws in the Defence Procurement Amit Dakshini, Vice President and Head of Business, Classic Procedure, bureaucratic red tape and government’s indifference Stripes, spoke about “Camouflage and Concealment in the Digital towards private sector participation, ruled the roost. Age” and gave out details about his company and its products. It was The day-long seminar began with Major General (Retd) D.C. followed by a presentation by Pummy Chicker, Vice President and Katoch, Additional Director, CLAWS, giving his welcome remarks Head of Defence Business, Classic Strips, on the company’s iPAT followed by the keynote address by Lt General Narendra Singh, camouflage solution. “We need camouflage solution that are simple Deputy Chief of Army Staff (Planning & Systems). Stating that the and can provide a cover to the soldier who is fighting. The key areas battlespace today is a composite whole and the challenges are enor- where iPAT camouflage can be used include watch towers, air strips, mous, Singh said that the Indian Army is marching slowly but surely radars, buildings, bridges, stores, automation depots.” Chicker said towards a 21st century force. that iPAT can be customised for all types of surfaces. “Signature Management” was the subject on which Naresh Session I Ummat, Director Marketing, India Saab Barracuda, a company within The first session on “Techno-centric Future Battlefield” was chaired by Saab Technologies spoke about. He informed that every tank used in Lt General (Retd) P.C. Katoch, Former Director General, Information Afghanistan has Saab Barracuda camouflage and the company is try- System, Indian Army. Major General K.J. Singh, Additional Director ing to acquire as much sophistication as it could. “We have 100 per General, Perspective Planning (ADG PP), Indian Army, gave a presen- cent in-house research and development (R&D) and five per cent of tation on “Mechanised Forces in Future Conflict” and spoke on digitisa- the company’s revenue is spent on R&D.” The company has varied tion of armoured fighting vehicles (AFV) platforms; digitisation and its solutions like mobile camouflage, static camouflage, special applica- impact on mechanised forces, opportunities and challenges in transi- tion camouflage, force protection, engineering services, miniature tioning to digitisation. Stating the advantages, he said that digitisation UAVs, etc. Ummat said that the best way to avoid from being killed is facilitates miniaturisation; integrates information and communica- to avoid from getting detected. tion devices; redefine data/information storage capabilities; enhanced The question and answer session that followed witnessed burn- speed and accuracy; protection and sense of autonomy. ing deliberations on government’s defence procurement procedure Brigadier R.K. Sharma, Deputy Director General (DDG), Proj- and the industry expressed its dissatisfaction with the present sys-

PHOTOGRAPHS: SP Guide Pubns ect Management Office (PMO), Artillery Combat Command and tem and demanded a clear structured policy. Jayant Baranwal, Edi-

Issue 19 • 2012 SP’S MAI 13 military Seminar Report

Session I: (Top row, left to right) Lt General (Retd) P.C. Katoch chairing the first session; Major General K.J. Singh, ADG PP addressing the seminar, Brigadier R.K. Sharma, DDG, PMO, ACCCS, DG Artillery, speaking on Artillery Command and Control System; (Above left to right) Brigadier Sanjay Ahuja, DDG(C), Directorate General Infantry; Amit Dakshini, Vice President and Head of Business, Classic Stripes; Pummy Chicker, Vice President and Head of Defence Business, Classic Stripes and (bottom row) Naresh Ummat of Saab India Technologies addressing the seminar. (Opposite page) Session II: (Top row, left to right) Lt General Sunit Kumar, DG, IS, Indian Army chaired the second session; Lt General (Retd) Devinder Kumar, former SO-in-C; Lt General Rajesh Pant, Commandant, MCTE; (Middle row) Arif Shouqi, Chief Defence Architect, Cisco Systems; Jay Shah, Senior Principal Engineer, DRS Tactical Systems and Air Vice Marshal (Retd) A.K. Tiwary. Session III: (Middle row, right) Lt General Philip Campose, DG PP, Indian Army giving valedictory address; (Bottom row, left to right) Lt General (Retd) V.K. Kapoor giving the vote of thanks and Indian Army officials attending the seminar.

tor-in-Chief, SP’s M.A.I. questioned whether we are taking moderni- who wanted to know what the way forward is? While the chair said that sation to the next level we deserve and we aim at, to which the ADG DPP is not conducive to private sector participation, but initiatives like (PP) replied that modernisation initiatives are being undertaken in the case of TCS can be taken; Singh said that to totally condemn DPP according to a structured plan, the long-term integrated perspective would be wrong. “India is an elephant and it takes time to dance. It plan-2027 and there is the five-year defence plan which is further may take some time but effort is on.” To this the industry reacted and divided annually, though the Army works under a biannual plan said that for a business men, both government and user (Indian Army) cycle. “We are making considerable progress, though we have not are one entity and hence a mechanism needs to be created wherein achieved what we had aimed at.” Singh recommended the industry industry and government work together. to work on quality control. “Quality control should be the mantra.” The Editor-in-Chief of SP’s M.A.I. asked Classic Stripes representa- Session II tives whether the company is planning on collaborations with indus- The second session was on “Space and Ground-Based Assets” and was tries abroad. Dakshini said that the company is happy to partner with presided by Lt General Sunit Kumar, Director General, Information Sys- any efficient foreign player, but at present they are not looking at any tem, Indian Army. Lt General (Retd) Davinder Kumar, former Signal collaboration. He further added that the company is confident that Officer-in-Chief spoke on “Challenges of a Digitised Battlefield” and said it can provide right quality standard. The chair said that the problem that it is centric to the network-centric paradigm. “The whole nation is in DPP is because the think-tank and private industry are not com- the virtual battlefield today.” He said that the challenges are unique and ing together. An enraged Ashok Kannodia, Chairman and Managing enormous, and are basically with regard to vision, policy and roadways. Director, Precision Electronics Limited, queried, what is the govern- “We need to have a comprehensive roadmap, approved by the govern- ment doing to promote private industry? “Nothing is impossible, we ment and backed by budget.” Lt General Rajesh Pant, Commandant, can do anything,” he said and gave the example of the Indian Army’s Military College of Telecommunication Engineering (MCTE), spoke tactical communication system (TCS), wherein the Indian industry on “Security of Network Systems”, the vulnerabilities and solutions,

PHOTOGRAPHS: SP Guide Pubns was involved. Similarly, there were other delegates from the industry many perspectives and emerging trends. The vulnerabilities he said

14 SP’S MAI Issue 19 • 2012 www.spsmai.com military Seminar Report

are lack of policy at user end which leads to insider threat, lack of vides training as part of the solutions they offer and how would they physical security, weakness in the operating system, network man- impart training to Indian soldiers, which may vary from what they pro- agement, etc. Arif Shouqi, Chief Defence Architect, Cisco Systems vide to US soldiers, Jay Shah said that they absolutely do it. They train APJC spoke on “Tactical Communication System” and gave out an the soldiers on the equipment and as of now the training is in English integrated view of the “Tactical C3I and Sub-System:” and if there is a request for any other language, they would be able to Jay Shah, Senior Principal Engineer, DRS Tactical Systems, gave do it too. Replying to a question on Cisco’s involvement with the Indian a presentation on the subject “Enhancing Battle Management on the Army, Arif Shouqi said that they are involved in many programmes with Move”. He beamed on the challenges faced in integration of technol- the armed forces, for example TCS of Indian Army and Air Force Net. ogy and gave details of the Force XXI Battle Command Brigade (FBCB) Lt General Philip Compose, Director General, Perspective Plan- programme, the battlefield management system (BMS) of the US Army. ning, gave the valedictory address and said that future war will be mul- “The programme is evolving and DRS has provided the rugged hard- tifaceted, probably short and swift, from radically similar to radically ware systems.” The last to speak in the session was Air Vice Marshal dissimilar, shifting emphasis from symmetric to asymmetric. “The need (Retd) A.K. Tiwary on “UAVs and Unmanned Combat Aerial Vehicles is to execute a single information system and development of indepen- (UCAVS)”, the opportunities and threats, the problems and remedies. dent custom-made integration system.” The day ended with vote of He emphasised on the need for firewalls as a remedy for vulnerabilities. thanks by Lt General (Retd) V.K. Kapoor, Editor, SP’s Land Forces, who The Q&A session which followed witnessed discussions on differ- pointed out why isn’t the Indian Army not able to get its cases through ent aspects of digitisation. Jayant Baranwal questioned on why aren’t the Ministry the Defence (MoD). “The Indian Army has great resilience chips not being manufactured in India, while the country’s technically in fighting and is spectacular in defensive warfare. But where does it go skilled workforce is moving abroad, the chairperson said it is a stra- when we can’t get our cases through MoD.” He further asked why the tegic, systemic deficiency, but things are improving. “The problem is Indian Army cannot have a test bed like the US Army, though it is good being addressed and it will be in the public domain when time comes.” at conceptualising. Kapoor ended with the statement that it is high time To another query by the SP’s M.A.I. Editor-in-Chief whether DRS pro- to think on investments and in fact give the industry funds for R&D. SP

Issue 19 • 2012 SP’S MAI 15 MILITARY Updates

Agni-IV successful flight RDO developed the 4,000-km range nuclear capable ballistic missile Agni-IV, was successfully flight-tested recently from Wheeler’s Island in Odisha. This long- range missile propelled by composite rocket motor technology, was tested for its Dfull capability. The Agni-IV, launched from the road mobile launcher, reached the pre-defined tar- get in about 20 minutes. The missile equipped with state-of-the-art avionics, fifth-gen- eration on board computer and with distributed architecture has the latest features to correct and guide for inflight disturbances. The most accurate ring laser gyro-based inertial navigation system (RINS) and sup- ported by highly reliable redundant micro navigation system (MINGS), ensured the missile reach the target within two digit accuracy. The re-entry heat shield withstood temperatures of more than 3,000 degrees Celsius and made sure the avionics function normally with inside temperature less than 50 degree Celsius. Dr Vijay Kumar Saraswat, Scientific Adviser to Raksha Mantri, Secretary Department of Defence R&D and Director General DRDO; Avinash Chander, Programme Director Agni, DS & CC R&D (MSS) reviewed the launch activities. Tessy Thomas, Project Direc- tor Agni-IV led the team of scientists during the operation. SP

December 2012. The order is scheduled to Integrated onto the vehicle at AAD was Navistar Defense to be completed by July 2013. SP the TRT-B25 (tactical remote turret) also upgrade 2,300 MRAPs from Land Systems South Africa. SP BAE Systems debuts to defend against RG35 multi-role ITT Exelis capability evolving threats fighting vehicle in GPS interference, AE Systems launched the latest 6x6 detection and variant of the RG35 family of vehicles geolocation – the RG35 multi-purpose blast pro- Btected fighting vehicle – at the 2012 Africa TT Exelis (XLS) has announced a sig- Aerospace and Defence (AAD) exhibition. nificant development in the field of GPS The RG35 6x6 has an 8.5-tonne payload, technology. To be known as the Exelis a 12-cubic metre volume under armor, can IGPS interference, detection and geolocation seat up to 14 crew members, and carry light (IDG), it will provide near real-time geolo- and medium remote controlled weapon cation of intentional and unintentional GPS stations. Like the 4x4 variant, the latest 6x6 jamming sources through a network of sen- variant includes independent suspension sors and advanced geolocation technology. avistar Defense received a delivery and a side mounted power-pack that can be Mark Pisani, Vice President and General order for up to $282 million to pro- replaced in less than one hour. Manager, Precision Instruments and Posi- vide more than 2,300 survivability The RG35 family of vehicles can be tioning, Navigation and Timing Systems, Nupgrade retrofit kits for International Maxx- deployed in many different roles and offers a ITT Exelis Geospatial Systems said “As GPS Pro Dash mine resistant ambush protected choice of variants and configurations while jamming devices become cheaper and more (MRAP) vehicles. maintaining 80 per cent vehicle commonal- accessible, there is a greater need to protect The order from the US Army TACOM ity. RG35 combines the high levels of surviv- military, commercial and industrial systems Life Cycle Management Command will ability of the RG31 mine protected vehicle from a diverse range of threats. This tech- upgrade MaxxPro Dash vehicles in theatre with the tactical capability of an infantry nology is a major step forward in delivering with additional protection in response to fighting vehicle. actionable interference intelligence to an evolving threats in Afghanistan. The order array of GPS users.” also includes parts and service. IDG technology is based upon a network The MaxxPro family of vehicles was of threat detection sensors that are networked originally designed to accommodate rapid to a centralised server running Exelis-devel- vehicle enhancements as threats evolved in oped geolocation algorithms. These sensors theatre. Since 2007, the company has pro- would be strategically located around high- vided enhancements to both survivability risk areas, such as airports or utility grids, to and mobility through its work on its rolling instantaneously sense and triangulate the chassis body swap, DXM independent sus- location of the jamming source. Should a pension retrofit kits, armour kits and more. threat be detected, users would receive pin- Work for the survivability upgrade point geolocation information and action-

PHOTOGRAPHS: PIB, Navistar Defense, BAE Systems will be done in Afghanistan beginning in able intelligence in order to respond. SP

16 SP’S MAI Issue 19 • 2012 www.spsmai.com MILITARy Viewpoint

Beyond 1962 Lt General (Retd) P.C. Katoch efore Defence Minister A.K. Anthony met his China’s peace homilies are exposed with her Chinese counterpart Liang Guanglie, New training, arming and advising the Taliban how to Delhi reportedly asked Beijing to limit its foot- fight in Afghanistan, supporting Pakistan’s anti-India Bprints in POK. Not that China will pay any heed but it jihadi policy, providing sanctuaries/training/arming is a beginning. It would have been equally good not ULFA, supporting Nepalese Maoists and now arm- to restrict Tibetan students during Guanlie’s visit. ing our Northeast terrorist organisations including Why bend backwards when Zhang Yan, Chinese Maoists. China’s increasing encirclement of India and Ambassador, tells an Indian journalist to “shut up” claims to more Indian territory does not imply China when asked why Chinese maps depicted entire J&K will never attack us. We would be naive if we can’t as Pakistani territory”. see through the gains that China will have through Guanglie’s poser that China is concerned about demilitarisation of Siachen while already sitting in China’s peace US build up in Asia-Pacific should be seen in the light POK (Gilgit-Baltistan), Aksai Chin and Shaksgam. It is that once China deploys SLBMs’ with second strike foolish if we do not recognise multiple indicators that homilies are capability and deploys a carrier group in Hainan China and Pakistan want to balkanise India. coupled with weapons in space We fought a superior enemy exposed with her and cyber capability to kill crit- in 1962 not because of its size training, arming ical networks, US may find it a but because we lacked strategic problem to defend Taiwan with forethought, could not read the and advising China’s AA/AD (anti-access/ enemy, had poor political and the Taliban area-denial) strategy. military leadership and had an Forget the cliché that the army that was armed, equipped how to fight in West wants us to have a war and trained very poorly. What with China. The fact is that we must do is dispassionately Afghanistan, when China wants to attack us appraise our state today with supporting it will. The hype about Guanglie that of 1962. 21st century wars wanting to upgrade military are quite different from those Pakistan’s anti- ties with us could be the per- of 1962 era. Both China and India jihadi fect ruse, his visit more likely to Pakistan have been waging assess first-hand the mood in asymmetric wars against us for policy, providing India. The fact is that the PLA past several years and we are is getting more and more say in yet to develop deterrence even sanctuaries/ foreign policy, control of CCCP against irregular forces. training/ is shifting shortly to hardliner Any future conflict with ‘princelings’ and the genera- China will not only witness arming ULFA, tion five years hence will be an ‘informised’ PLA in action supporting even more assertive. with optimum use of rapid reaction forces (includ- The 1962 invasion was timed to coincide with the ing third dimension) and network-centric warfare Nepalese Cuban Missile Crisis. Next conflict with India maybe but fully activated domains of space, cyberspace timed with another US engagement in the Middle and the electromagnetic. Cyber attacks to kill criti- Maoists and East, attacking Taiwan. Or conflict in Asia-Pacific. cal networks and multiple missile and EMP attacks now arming PLA wanting good relations and the communist coupled with laser and plasma weapons can be hierarchy not listening to them is bunkum; stapled expected. Use of tactical nuclear weapons should our Northeast visas issue, denying visa to Northern Army Com- not be totally discounted. We may not have match- terrorist mander, sportsmen from Arunachal etc. Surprise, ing economy or military forces but we must focus deception and pre-emption have been hallmarks of on hitting the enemy critical areas conventionally, organisations Chinese strategy. The US strategy of ‘Asia Pivot’ was unconventionally and asymmetrically. SP perhaps foreseen by China much earlier and coun- including ters established by way of North Korea, Pakistan, The views expressed herein are the personal views of

PHOTOGRAPH: PIB Maoists Iran, Libya, Syria, Sudan, Yemen and Somalia. the author.

Issue 19 • 2012 SP’S MAI 17 Aerospace Developments

Eurocopter to supply four EC725 helicopters to Thailand contract has been signed between Eurocopter and the Royal Thai Air Force for the supply of four EC725 helicop- ters, configured for search and rescue missions. Air Mar- Ashal Paiboon Singhamat of the Royal Thai Air Force, and Olivier Lambert, Eurocopter’s Senior Vice President for Sales and Cus- tomer Relations. “This latest endorsement underscores the role of our EC725/ EC225 family as the helicopters of reference in Asia for search & rescue,” Lambert said. “It also marks a new step in Eurocopter’s expansion of its ties with Thailand as the country moves ahead with the modernisation programmes for its helicopter fleets.” Deliveries of the EC725, the twin-engine tactical rotorcraft from Eurocopter’s successful Cougar family, will be in 2015. “This contract for the EC725 will greatly enhance the capa- bilities of the Royal Thai Air Force, giving us added reach and as it has a large cabin with seating for 25 persons. As a result, the effectiveness in search and rescue missions,” stated Air Marshal EC725 military version and its EC225 civilian/parapublic variant Paiboon Singhamat, Chairman of the Purchasing Committee. have become the reference for civil and military search and rescue, The twin-engine EC725/EC225 rotary-wing aircraft family fea- offshore and passenger transport missions around the world. tures high-performance navigation and mission systems, includ- Eurocopter already is a helicopter supplier in Thailand for mil- ing a unique digital four-axis autopilot. Offering excellent flight itary and law enforcement, having been selected for acquisitions autonomy, this powerful machine is also great for tactical transport by the Royal Thai Army and Royal Thai Police. SP

CN295. It will perform a wide variety of roles 10-year period. Indonesia takes delivery including military, logistical, humanitarian These helicopters are used for mili- of two Airbus Military and medical evacuation missions through- tary and paragovernmental missions of the out the huge territory of Indonesia, which French Air Force, Army, Navy Police, Civil C295 aircraft includes around 17,000 islands. The deliv- Security and DGA flight-testing. ery of the ninth and last aircraft ordered is The main services included in MCO scheduled for summer 2014. 2 are overhaul and repair of engines and Rafael Tentor said: “The delivery of accessories; on-site technical support; sup- these aircraft is an important step in Airbus ply of spares; implementation of a stock of Military´s collaboration with the Indonesian fungible parts and accessories; user training aerospace industry and we greatly look for- in equipment maintenance and supply of ward to increasing our level of cooperation maintenance documentation. in the years ahead.” Olivier Andriès, Turbomeca Chairman To date, Airbus Military has sold 114 and CEO, said “The MCO 1 contract was C295s. After the entry in service of these air- exemplary with maximised availability for craft there will be 88 C295s in operation in 15 our engines. We are proud of the renewed countries all over the world. SP confidence of the French Government in our ndonesia has taken delivery of two Airbus capability to support the fleets of the French Military C295 transport aircraft ordered Turbomeca renews Army and French Government services.” SP in February this year. The aircraft are the Ifirst of nine to be delivered to the Indone- contract with France, Eglin F-35 fleet at 20 sian Ministry of Defence under the terms of a contract signed by Airbus Military and PT covering the engines and growing Dirgantara Indonesia (PT DI). powering helicopters he 20th Lockheed Martin F-35 Light- The delivery took place in the Airbus ning II was delivered recently to Eglin Military San Pablo site in Seville, where urbomeca has renewed the MCO Air Force Base, Florida, to support the C295 final assembly line is located, at a (global support package) contract, TF-35 pilot and maintainer training taking ceremony attended by the Indonesian Vice entitled MCO 2, with the French Gov- place on the Emerald Coast. Minister of Defence, Lt General (Retd) Sjaf- Ternment. The first contract, MCO 1, was The F-35B short takeoff/vertical landing rie Sjamsoeddin, and Airbus Military Vice signed in 2001 with the DGA. (STOVL) jet is the fourteenth F-35 to ferry President Head of Program Light & Medium Turbomeca undertakes, under the there this year. BF-15 is now assigned to the and Derivatives, Rafael Tentor. terms of this contract, to ensure availabil- 2nd Marine Aircraft Wing’s Marine Fighter/ The aircraft will be operated by the Indo- ity of the 1,408 turbo-shaft engines equip- Attack Training Squadron 501 with the host

PHOTOGRAPHS: Eurocopter, Airbus Military PHOTOGRAPHS: Eurocopter, nesian Air Force and known in service as the ping French Government helicopters for a 33d Fighter Wing. SP

18 SP’S MAI Issue 19 • 2012 www.spsmai.com Unmanned Updates

Predator B demonstrates automatic takeoff and landing capability eneral Atomics Aeronautical Systems, Inc. announced that its Predator B/MQ-9 Reaper RPA has successfully com- pleted 106 full-stop automatic takeoff and landing capability G(ATLC) landings, a first for the multi-mission aircraft. The milestone was first achieved with four ATLC landings on June 27 at the company’s Gray Butte Flight Operations Facility in Palmdale, California. “We are pleased that all landings have been textbook in execu- tion with no issues,” said Frank Pace, President, Aircraft Systems Group, GA-ASI. “The addition of ATLC will greatly reduce the land incident rate and the training expenditures for our customers.” During the landings, the aircraft tracked the centerline, decel- erated smoothly, and applied reverse thrust and full brakes at the appropriate ground speeds to a complete stop. Envelope expansion for takeoffs and landings at higher wind limits, maximum aircraft gross weight, differential GPS (dGPS) A technologically advanced derivative of the combat-proven enhancements, and terrain avoidance with adjustable glideslope predator, the multi-mission Predator B provides essential situ- has now begun. ational awareness for warfighters, excelling in combat missions The design of the ATLC system was leveraged directly from the focusing on intelligence, surveillance, and reconnaissance (ISR), highly successful and proven Automatic Takeoff and Landing Sys- precision strike on time-sensitive targets, close air support, laser tem (ATLS) developed by GA-ASI for its Gray Eagle unmanned air- designation and illumination, signals intelligence, forward air con- craft system, which has reached a record of 10,000-plus successful trol, convoy protection, improvised explosive device (IED) detec- automatic takeoff and landings. tion, and bomb damage assessment. SP

targets on land or at sea with laser-guided tems (HACMS) programme sponsored by accuracy while keeping our warfighters out the Defense Advanced Research Projects of harm’s way.” Agency (DARPA). The four-and-half-year The system is being integrated onto the contract calls for Rockwell Collins to develop Fire Scout in response to an urgent opera- cyber security solutions for unmanned air tional need and is being prepared for rapid vehicles, with applicability to other net- deployment. BAE Systems will support this work-enabled military vehicles. rapid APKWS integration by performing John Borghese, Vice President of the system analyses and modelling based on its Rockwell Collins Advanced Technology high fidelity, integrated flight simulator. Center, said the company’s expertise in “This expansion onto unmanned aircraft security certification of complex systems is the next exciting step after demonstrating and the use of formal methods was a key performance on both rotary and fixed-wing in acquiring the contract. Formal methods manned aircraft,” Rumbaugh said. are the application of rigorous mathemati- Unmanned aircraft can operate in cal reasoning and advanced analysis tools APKWS to be integrated regimes that are considered too hazard- to prove relevant properties about a system. ous for manned aircraft and dramatically “Making sure software is designed cor- on unmanned aircraft expand the types of missions that can be rectly from the beginning is paramount to or the first time, the Advanced Preci- conducted from surface ships. The APKWS guarantee the security of military comput- sion Kill Weapon System (APKWS) is the US Government’s only programme of ing platforms,” added Borghese. will be integrated onto an unmanned record for the semi-active laser-guided 2.75- Rockwell Collins is leading a team that Faerial vehicle, BAE Systems has announced. inch rocket. SP includes Boeing, Galois, National ICT Austra- The company, which designed and manu- lia (NICTA), and the University of Minnesota. factures the guidance section of the laser- DARPA selects Rockwell The goal of the HACMS programme is guided rocket, was recently awarded a US to create technology for the construction Navy contract to add the APKWS onto the Collins for cyber of high-assurance cyber-physical systems. MQ-8B Fire Scout UAV. These systems must be functionally correct “APKWS’ precision firepower will soon security programme and satisfy appropriate safety and security be available on a UAV platform,” said Roy ockwell Collins has been selected properties. HACMS will adopt a clean-slate, Rumbaugh, APKWS programme manager at as the prime contractor for the formal methods-based approach to enable BAE Systems. “With BAE Systems’ innova- unmanned air vehicle portion of semi-automated code synthesis from exe-

PHOTOGRAPHS: GA-AS, BAE Systems tive technologies, the Fire Scout will engage Rthe high-assurance cyber military sys- cutable, formal specifications. SP

Issue 19 • 2012 SP’S MAI 19 internal security News

Defence Minister A.K. Antony addressing the 31st Annual Coast Guard Commanders’ Conference in New Delhi on September 20, 2012. Defence Secretary Shashikant Sharma and Director General Coast Guard, Vice Admiral M.P. Muralidharan are also seen.

Antony inaugurates 31st Coast Guard Commanders’ Conference

efence Minister A.K. Antony has said that the role of fish- courage and involvement while discharging their duties and said ing community is vital in strengthening of coastal secu- “maritime security infrastructure, as it stands today, is quite robust rity mechanism. Inaugurating the three-day 31st Annual and capable of handling various security challenges at sea”. DCoast Guard Commanders’ Conference in New Delhi, he said The Director General, Indian Coast Guard, Vice Admiral M.P. that community interaction programme is to be given impetus Muralidharan, highlighted the progress made by the Coast Guard in order to sensitise the fishing community on the prevailing in acquisition cases of various types of ships and aircrafts, devel- security situation and to develop them to be the “eyes and ears” opment of infrastructure, induction of manpower in the service for intelligence gathering. and enhanced efforts for surveillance of the coast and the sea Highlighting the expansion and strengthening of the Coast areas. One pollution control vessel, four inshore patrol vessels, Guard, he said, the Coast Guard Development Plan has been two air cushion vessels, one interceptor boat and four interceptor approved and adequate funds have been provided. “The service crafts have been inducted into the service. He said that the Coast is on course to double its assets and capacity building in the next Guard aims to achieve a force level of 150 surface platforms by the four-five years. A Coast Guard Regional Headquarters (North East) year 2018. and five Coast Guard Stations have been established. By the end of One Dornier Squadron has been established at Porbandar the current financial year, another six sanctioned stations are also since the last Commanders` Conference. Establishing of two Air likely to be established”. The Phase-I of the Coastal Surveillance Stations, five Air Enclaves and four Dornier Squadrons has also Network project is nearing completion and the system will indeed been prioritised. provide additional measures towards electronic surveillance. The conference will help the Coast Guard Commanders in “We aim to achieve near-gap-free electronic surveillance analysis of the operational capabilities, deployment of forces and along our coasts and towards this end, Phase-II of the project will preparations for the future challenges. It will also provide an oppor- be started soon after the completion of the first phase.” He com- tunity to the Commanders to introspect the standards achieved in mended all the Coast Guard personnel for their commitment, the wide spectrum of Coast Guard responsibilities. SP PHOTOGRAPH: PIB

20 SP’S MAI Issue 19 • 2012 www.spsmai.com CORPORATE News

Saab setting up new markets These markets have for many years been strategically impor- efence and security company Saab is strengthening its tant for Saab and will continue to be so in the foreseeable future. business operations by setting up two new market areas – Market Area Europe & Greater Middle East will have its head office Europe & Greater Middle East as well as Nordic & Baltic – in London, UK and Market Area Nordic & Baltic will have its head Dboth starting January 1, 2013. The market areas will be headed by office in Stockholm, Sweden. Tomas Samuelsson and Anders Carp respectively. Tomas Samu- “We are now building further on our success with previous mar- elsson will hence leave his present position as Senior Vice Presi- ket areas and establish an even stronger international foothold out- dent and Head of Business Area Dynamics at the same time and side the Swedish borders. At the same time I can announce that we Anders Carp will leave his position as Head of Region Middle East. have chosen Tomas Samuelsson and Anders Carp to head the two In order to create profitable and long-term growth, Saab has new operations,” said Saab’s President and CEO Håkan Buskhe. placed clear focus on increasing its international presence and its At the present time, Tomas Samuelsson and Anders Carp’s suc- sales outside Sweden. The expansion is directed at markets with cessors are not known but recruitment processes have begun. The strong demand and with the right conditions for profitable growth. future Head of Business Area Dynamics will, however, continue to With the two new additional market areas, Saab takes the final step be located in Karlskoga, Sweden. in the strategy to establishing a clearer local focus and presence. In India, Saab is headed by Lars-Olof Lindgren. SP

vehicles, as well as coastal surveillance systems. To round off its Raytheon joins hand with Monument broad palette, Atlas offers a comprehensive range of support ser- Capital Group vices, both before and after delivery of the products. Dieter Rottsieper and Volker Paltzo, Managing Directors of the aytheon has entered into a distribution agreement with Monu- Atlas Elektronik Group, stated: “We believe in a strong demand for ment Capital Group (MCG). Under the agreement, MCG will Atlas products and capabilities to support Royal Canadian Navy. We engage potential Indian partners to provide mass notification are happy to extend our presence in Canada and to establish a sub- Rand non-lethal systems to solve challenging security problems and sidiary. We look forward to creating new partnerships with Cana- emerging safety requirements. Applications of these products include dian authorities and companies”. high-value asset and critical infrastructure security, protection against Rick Gerbrecht, Head of Atlas Elektronik Canada said: “The Atlas terrorism and piracy, explosives detection, and innovative emergency Elektronik Group possesses a proud heritage in serving navies with response solutions for natural disaster management. Security solutions quality-assured products delivered within a firm fixed-price environ- are aimed at enhancing border, port, maritime and aviation security. ment. Our product portfolio will offer the Royal Canadian Navy both “Our agreement with MCG will help to expand Raytheon’s ‘non-orphan’ and mature capability into either warships or crafts of global reach in homeland security, national defence and commer- opportunity. We are positioned to deliver proven and leading solu- cial security markets,” said Mike Booen, Raytheon Missile Systems’ tions in areas such as mine detection and disposal, sonar, command vice president of Advanced Security and Directed Energy Systems. and control in support of the Royal Canadian Navy and the National “The agreement also enables our customers to set up local opera- Shipbuilding as well as Procurement Strategy effort.” SP tions for full services, installation and maintenance of cutting-edge security technology products, ensuring customers receive full and Denel, Airbus sign agreement long-term value from their technology purchases.” enel and Airbus Military have signed an agreement with Raytheon will leverage MCG’s prospective strategic partnerships revised terms for manufacturing aircraft components on the with leading international companies in high-growth security mar- A400M, in a development that will contribute significantly to kets to provide indigenous country full-service support and business Dthe financial turnaround of the South African company. expertise. Customers will have access to new security technologies The renegotiated agreement was signed recently at a function that safeguard security in civil, defence and critical infrastructure, attended by the Public Enterprises Minister Malusi Gigaba, Senior and increase emergency and disaster management capabilities. Vice President of Airbus Military Antonio Rodriguez-Barberán and “For nearly a century, Raytheon has created an international the Chairman of the Board of Denel SOC, N.R. Zoli Kunene. brand known for its leadership in technology and innovation,” said Gigaba said the new agreement demonstrated the confidence Robert Dunn, MCG Managing Director. “We look forward to work- of major global aerospace companies in the abilities of the local ing with the company to secure opportunities for its products in the manufacturing sector. “The relationship between Airbus and Denel global security market.” SP takes us to another step further towards the growth of a fully-fledged South African aerospace industry.” Atlas Elektronik now in Canada Group Chief Executive of Denel SOC Riaz Saloojee said the he Atlas Elektronik Group, a worldwide-acting company for relationship with Airbus positions Denel Aerostructures (DAe) as maritime defence electronics, has founded a subsidiary in an established supplier of high-tech aircraft parts and strengthens Canada. Atlas Elektronik Canada Ltd has been set up to estab- South Africa’s position in the global aerospace industry. Tlish a strong and reliable partnership with the Royal Canadian Navy Airbus Military Senior Vice President Commercial, Antonio and Canadian authorities. As potential main contractor, Atlas Elek- Rodriguez-Barberan, said the agreement “re-affirmed Airbus Mili- tronik Canada will provide Atlas products and solutions for current tary’s commitment to South Africa and its industrial partners and and future Canadian users. suppliers in the country. For decades, now Atlas has been offering a broad range of sonars “With production of the A400M ramping up ahead of the first and sensors, command and control systems for submarines and deliveries next year, it is comforting to know that we have a depend- surface combatants, heavyweight torpedoes and corresponding able partner in DAe which can be relied upon to provide top quality countermeasures, mine warfare systems, unmanned underwater work, on time and within budget,” he said. SP

Issue 19 • 2012 SP’S MAI 21 Internal Security Breaches

US Ambassador’s killing in Libya, a security breach edia reports have cited that the killings of the US ambas- sador to Libya and three of his staff were likely to have been the result of a serious and continuing security Mbreach. US officials are of the view that the attack was planned, but Chris Stevens had been back in the country only a short while and the details of his visit to Benghazi, where he and his staff died, were meant to be confidential. Added to this, it is reported that sensitive documents have gone missing from the US Consulate in Benghazi and the supposedly secret location of the “safe house” in the city, where the staff had retreated, came under sustained mortar attack. Other such refuges across the country are no longer deemed “safe”. SP

Security breach at ISRO, woman enquired about the conference, which was not scheduled for the day. After a preliminary inquiry, she was handed over to police. SP posing as scientist arrested 41-year-old woman cre- Nuke protestors knock on wall, ated a scare after she breached layers of security security fails to notice Ato gain entry into the headquar- n a recent incident in the US, nuclear protestors hammered on ters of the Indian Space Research the wall of America’s premier storage vault for nuclear-weapons Organisation in Bangalore using grade uranium in pitch-darkness, but security guards thought it a fake identity before being Iwas the workmen working late night. arrested, ISRO sources said. Prior to that, a perimeter camera had caught an image of intrud- Presenting the fake ID, Buela ers — not workmen — breaching an eight-foot-high security fence M. Sam from Ahmedabad stayed around the sensitive facility outside Knoxville, Tennessee. The guard at the ISRO Satellite Centre guest-house at Jeevanbheema Nagar in operating the camera missed it and another camera was out of order. Bangalore. for two days from September 19. Two days later, she also But what has worried US security authorities is that anyone can gained entry into the high-security Anthariksh Bhavan, the ISRO get in and do damage to the high enriched uranium materials facil- headquarters, they said. ity, a half-billion-dollar vault that stores the makings of more than ISRO sources said she may not have swiped her card to enter as 10,000 nuclear bombs. Instead, it was a group of three peace activ- requried. In all probability, she may have just waved her card to the ists, including an 82-year-old nun, armed only with flashlights, bin- Central Industrial Security Force (CISF) personnel, who apparently oculars, bolt cutters, bread, flowers, a Bible, and several hammers. allowed her in around 11 a.m. on September 21. The casual and relatively swift penetration of the site’s defences She roamed around in the building premises for four hours on July 28 by the activists has provoked their felony indictment on before some ISRO staff grew suspicious and reported the matter to federal charges. SP the security, they said. CISF personnel questioned her but her answers were totally inconsistent. Intelligence Bureau sleuths questioned her the next day but could not get consistent response from her. Her fake card said she worked at “ISRO Mangalore”, while the space agency has no unit there. Inquiries revealed that she is from Ahmedabad, from where her husband, Alexander, was summoned and questioned. During inter- rogation, he claimed that his wife is “mentally ill” and the family was unaware that she had travelled to Bangalore, the sources said. Key question as to how she gained entry using a fake card remains unanswered. City Police Commissioner Jyotiprakash Mirji said she was arrested after she attempted to enter the ISRO head- quarters on the pretext of attending a conference.

PHOTOGRAPH:s ideastream.org, Aerial-worldfreenews.com CISF personnel at the gate grew suspicious when the woman

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