FOREWORD FROM THE STRATEGIC TRANSPORTATION AND PLANNING COMMITTEE (MSTPC)

he advent of the Government's T1998 White Paper on Transport signalled a new era in transport policy. At the heart of the White Paper was the concept of integration:

e want transport to contribute to our In this context, the Local Transport Plan and our aim of building a “Wquality of life, not detract from it. The Transport Plan, and in transport system to rival any in Europe. way forward is through an integrated transport particular the first five year policy. By this we mean integration within and programme, presents a between different types of transport - that each major opportunity to co- contributes its full potential and people can ordinate transport investment move easily between them; integration with the to achieve the regeneration environment - so that our transport choices vision for Merseyside and the support a better environment; and integration objectives that we have set with land use planning - so that transport helps for the LTP - to ensure to make a fairer, more inclusive society”. INCLUSIVE, SUSTAINABLE ollowing publication of the White FPaper, Local Authorities and REGENERATION Passenger Transport Executives (PTEs) in the UK were asked to prepare Local and to provide Transport Plans setting out a 10 year Transport Strategy and within it a 5 OPPORTUNITIES Year Plan for transport investment and FOR ALL improvement. On Merseyside, with the benefit of who live and work in, or Objective 1 funding the last 5 years has visit Merseyside. seen considerable investment in transport - in April this year the region This Local Transport Plan provides full was awarded Centre of Excellence details of the programme including the status by the Government for it's public role that the Local Authorities, transport improvements. But much still and other organisations remains to be done. Over the next and interest groups have played in its seven years, Merseyside is once again development. Most importantly, it classified as an Objective 1 area and is highlights the role the public of eligible for over £800 million of grant Merseyside has had in shaping the support. In addition Vision Strategy. This has resulted in a set of provides a focus for the regeneration of targets and performance indicators . The growing role which will be used as a measure of of the ports and airport are also success and as a means for on-going recognised as is Merseyside's role public participation in the development within the wider North West region. and implementation of our Local

merseyside LOCAL TRANSPORT PLAN 2001/2-2005/6 OPPORTUNITIES FOR ALL JULY 2000 STATEMENT OF SUPPORT

ll of the Partners recognise the l A wide range of employment l Improved safety and security on the Aneed to ensure that we meet, opportunities; transport network; through the delivery of INCLUSIVE l Low levels of crime and disorder; l Measures to improve access to key and SUSTAINABLE REGENERATION, facilities and employment the overarching Vision for l High quality housing and opportunities; Merseyside as : infrastructure; and l Improved pedestrian and cycling “A world class city l Healthier, inclusive and self- opportunities; region that attracts sustaining communities. l Better freight routes; and people to live, work, To this aim the Local Transport Plan for invest and visit.” Merseyside will develop a fully l Improved maintenance of our road integrated and sustainable transport network, lighting and car parks. network through a balanced package of measures, including: which can boast the following key The Partners all fully endorse the LTP assets: l A single integrated public transport and will, as far as possible, support the network which “puts the passenger actions required to deliver the l A thriving City Centre; first”; programme over the next five years. l Increasingly prosperous town and l Improved access for ALL the district centres; community across Merseyside;

merseyside LOCAL TRANSPORT PLAN 2001/2-2005/6 OPPORTUNITIES FOR ALL JULY 2000 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

INTRODUCTION next 5-10 years. These are: vision: l Merseyside's continuing Objective 1 status for European funding to aid regeneration of “A world-class city- he Government's Transport the region; TWhite Paper “A New Deal for region that attracts Transport: Better for Everyone”, set l Other funding opportunities including Single people to live, work, out a new agenda for integrated Regeneration Budget (SRB), and Kensington transport planning. A direct result New Deal; invest and visit.” of this is the requirement to l Liverpool Vision - a regeneration company produce a Local Transport Plan established following publication of the Emphasising its complementary role the (LTP) covering a 5 year period Urban Taskforce Report on Urban LTP's vision statement states: (2001/2 - 2005/6). Renaissance, which aims to regenerate Liverpool City Centre; “The aim of the Plan is to develop a On Merseyside this task has been fully integrated and sustainable l Developments in Merseyside's Ports undertaken by the five local authorities including a new facility at on transport network for Merseyside, (Liverpool, Knowsley, Sefton, St Helens the Wirral; which supports economic, social and and Wirral) and Merseytravel (the environmental regeneration and Passenger Transport Executive and l The continuing expansion of Liverpool ensures good access for all in the Authority). These partners have Airport; community.” developed the LTP by undertaking l The Government's Transport Bill which will extensive research and studies and a place LTPs on a statutory footing and To meet this aim the LTP has four main comprehensive public participation and support improvements for buses and the objectives: consultation programme. The LTP is railways; l To ensure that transport supports also the result of a series of l Re-franchising of the Electrics sustainable economic development and partnerships with operators and interest network; and regeneration groups led by the Integrated Transport To moderate the upward trend in car use Forum. l New investment in the local bus network. l and secure a shift to more sustainable forms The LTP has been developed to play a of transport such as walking, cycling and complementary role to the wider aims of public transport THE OPPORTUNITY the Objective 1 programme to regenerate Merseyside. This l To secure the most efficient and effective The aim of the LTP is to present an programme results from a series of use of the existing transport network ambitious but affordable and realistic economic, social and environmental l To enhance the quality of life of those who programme which will maximise the problems facing the region. The live, work in, and visit Merseyside benefit of a series of opportunities that Objective 1 Single Programming are available to Merseyside over the document has established the following

merseyside LOCAL TRANSPORT PLAN 2001/2-2005/6 OPPORTUNITIES FOR ALL JULY 2000 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

THE CHALLENGE PROGRESS THROUGH SSDAs; and for public transport which PARTNERSHIP serves the City, Town and District In April 2000 Merseyside was awarded Centres and improves linkages between Centre of Excellence status for public The partners have developed the LTP the Pathway areas and SSDAs. transport by the Government in with the involvement of a wide range of The LTP Strategy consists of: recognition of the developments and stakeholders and interest groups investment in the network over the last including operators, the Police, l COUNTY-WIDE MEASURES; 5 years. However, much remains to be Highways Agency, Chamber of CENTRE AND CORRIDOR PROPOSALS; AND done. Bus passenger journeys have Commerce, Environment groups, the l declined and the quality of the local rail Women's Forum, Advisory and Access l MAJOR SCHEMES. network is falling despite increased Panels, representatives of the 38 passenger numbers. The partners' Objective 1 Pathways areas and other research shows a high dependency on community groups on Merseyside. THE 10 YEAR STRATEGY public transport with over 40% of In addition, an extensive public households having no access to a car. consultation and participation A long term 10 year transport strategy The partners have produced a Road programme has also been used to has been developed to provide a Traffic Reduction Act report which identify the key issues and themes to be transport system to equal the best in forecasts increases in traffic of over 30% incorporated within the LTP. The Europe. The strategy includes: over the next 10 years. This will result programme has included the distribution from traffic growing from it’s current low of newsletters and questionnaires, a l implementation of the Centre of base and the traffic that will be series of exhibitions and presentations, Excellence programme. generated by the increased economic and a web-site for information. Focus activity associated with the Region's groups and on-street surveys were also l a fully integrated public transport regeneration programme. As part of this used. In addition, the proposals for system including a network-wide programme, a series of Strategic Spatial Liverpool City Centre were also the series of improvements to the Development Areas (SSDAs) have been subject of a separate questionnaire Merseyrail network following identified as the focus for investment and survey and exhibition. refranchising including new trains, creation of new jobs. These include the station enhancements and new Ports (Liverpool, Garston, Twelve service and punctuality standards. Quays) and the expansion of freight STRATEGY DEVELOPMENT Extensions of the network in traffic through the Region. In total a Woodchurch, St Helens and further 56,500 new jobs are forecast to The overall strategy developed by the with new and refurbished stations be created as a result of the partners proposes a package of will be proposed together with regeneration programme. measures to aid regeneration and improvements to the service on the control the anticipated growth in traffic. City Lines at Lime St to Allerton. This will be achieved through the THE TRANSPORT STRATEGY following measures: l A 3 line LRT network to complement

l provide a single integrated high quality the existing heavy rail network. In order to address the challenges public transport network outlined above, the partners have l An extensive network of high quality provide a demand management strategy to reviewed a range of top-level Transport l bus services to SMART standards control traffic flows by monitoring and Strategy alternatives focusing on including good quality infrastructure, increasing the efficiency of the existing road Environment; (unconstrained) trained staff, real time information, networks Development; or a balanced approach operating with high levels of to Regeneration. Following application l provide a network of strategic signing and segregation to meet agreed of the Government's key appraisal other measures to support efficient freight reliability and punctuality targets. criteria (Economy, Environment, Safety, movements Accessibility & Integration) the partners l Countywide facilities. l provide a programme of management and selected a Transport Strategy to promotional initiatives to promote the use of l promote Sustainable, Inclusive more efficient forms of transport and reduce An airport access strategy Regeneration that would offer the need to travel maximising the use of public Opportunities for All. This was judged to transport by its employees and best meet the objectives of the LTP and A road user hierarchy has been defined passengers. the wider Strategic Vision for for freight and general traffic which Merseyside. serves the main centres, ports and l A comprehensive improvement to EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

Liverpool City Centre including Lime develop Commuter Travel Plans, cycle routes and other measures St Gateway and improved links to Safer Routes to Schools and Health the Waterfront. There will be Clear Action Zone initiatives. l Improvements to road safety and Zones where appropriate. This work urban safety management will be undertaken in close co- l An integrated land use and transport operation with the regeneration strategy for sustainable freight l Improvements to the Urban Traffic company, Liverpool Vision. distribution; investment in rail and Control network road improvements to further l Improvements for cyclists across improve access and environmental l Road maintenance proposals Merseyside including a conditions; promoting freight transfer comprehensive network of dedicated from road to rail with new intermodal l Freight proposals building on the cycle routes, secure parking in the facilities and a particular focus on Merseyside freight study centres, at rail stations, interchanges new Port-related development and other suitable locations. opportunities. Four major schemes are proposed in the LTP: l l A pedestrian-friendly programme Improved access to the City Centre l The first line of the 3 line LRT network giving more priority to Home Zones from the M62 and to the Ports and Allerton Interchange in residential areas and Clear Zones Airport as part of the NorthWest l to protect conservation areas or Regional transport strategy. l Hall Lane improvements other sensitive locations. l Liverpool central station improvements The long term strategy will ensure that l High quality infrastructure as a result all Merseyside Centres become focal of a co-ordinated programme of points for new development, better local The Local Transport Plan bid to principal road maintenance, bridge services and community and implement the full range of proposals is strengthening and lighting neighbourhood facilities served by an £310 million for the five year period improvements across Merseyside. accessible single integrated public (2001/02-2005/06). This will be This initiative will also contribute to transport network. supported by "matched" funding from road safety targets. other sources estimated to total £182 million. In the first year of the LTP, the l An expanding role for sustainable THE FIVE YEAR PLAN amount of the bid is £47 million with freight movements, and designated "matched" funding of £23 million. freight routes to and from the Port of Within the 10 year strategy a package Liverpool, Garston Docks and the of measures has been identified which Finally, the LTP includes a new roll on/roll off facilities in forms the 5 year Local Transport Plan. comprehensive section on targets and and at Twelve Quays. Key elements described in the plans performance indicators, which will be are: progressed together with the Best Value l Improvements to regional and performance plans to produce an national links with the new West l Development of the bus network - annual update on progress in delivering Coast Main Line rail services to 15 new Quality Bus Corridors the LTP. The partners have developed London Euston, improved rail links these performance indicators and to Manchester and an expanding l Development of the rail network - targets to link them with all the LTP choice of destinations served by 25 station upgrades, underground components. Liverpool Airport. The Mersey Belt station enhancements Linkages Study will be a MERSEYSIDE - A CENTRE complementary strategy to assist l Improvements to interchange - OF EXCELLENCE FOR this part of the process. 15 new interchanges TRANSPORT PLANNING l Expanded and more frequent ferry l Improvements to information use As part of this LTP submission, the connections with the Isle of Man, and provision - 1000 new 'Local partners have included a bid to be Belfast and Dublin. Information Maps' awarded “Centre of Excellence” status for Transport Planning. The bid l Increased travel awareness and the l A walking strategy - Merseyside- highlights the progress made with the reduction of crime and the fear of wide improvements LTP and sets out a programme of crime through the TravelWise and promotional activities designed to TravelSafe initiatives. Partners will l A cycling strategy - Comprehensive disseminate best practice.

merseyside LOCAL TRANSPORT PLAN 2001/2-2005/6 OPPORTUNITIES FOR ALL JULY 2000 CONTACTS

Planning & Transportation Liverpol City Council Millennium House Victoria Street Liverpool L1 6JF Tel : 0151 233 4151

Transportation Division Chief Executives Department St Helens Metropolitan Borough Council Town Hall, Corporation Street St Helens WA10 1HP Tel : 01744 456188

Strategic Transport Policy Unit Sefton Metropolitan Borough Council Balliol House, Balliol Road Bootle L20 3NJ Tel : 0151 934 4228

Borough Engineers Wirral Metropolitan Borough Council Town Hall Annex, Civic Way CH63 7PT Tel : 0151 634 7296

Department of Planning & Development Knowsley Metropolitan Borough Council PO Box 26 Yorkon Building, Archway Road, L36 9FB Tel : 0151 443 2235

Corporate Strategy Department Merseytravel 24 Hatton Garden Liverpool L3 2AN Tel : 0151 227 5181

The following information can be provided in alternative formats on request.

merseyside LOCAL TRANSPORT PLAN 2001/2-2005/6 OPPORTUNITIES FOR ALL JULY 2000 CONTENTS

SECTION 1 : INTRODUCTION 1 - TRANSPORT & ACCESSIBILITY THEMES 99 - Integrated Land Use and Transport Planning - A CENTRE OF EXCELLENCE IN TRANSPORT - Accessibility for All PLANNING : MERSEYSIDE'S BID - Improving Safety - Air Quality Management and Climate Changes

SECTION 2 : PROBLEM IDENTIFICATION - Walking & OPPORTUNITIES 11 - Cycling

- THE STRATEGIC CONTEXT - Public Transport - NATURE OF THE CHALLENGE - Taxis and Private Hire Vehicles - TRAVEL TRENDS ACROSS MERSEYSIDE - FUTURE FORECASTS - THE ROAD TRAFFIC REDUCTION ACT - Demand Management - THE PUBLIC VIEW - Urban Traffic Control (UTC) - OPPORTUNITIES & OBJECTIVES - Highway Signing - Encouraging Change - TravelWise

SECTION 3 : STRATEGY DEVELOPMENT 43 - Freight

- STRATEGY DEVELOPMENT PROGRAMME - Highway Maintenance - STRATEGY ALTERNATIVES - Bridge Maintenance & Strengthening - THE 10 YEAR TRANSPORT STRATEGY FOR MERSEYSIDE - Lighting - THE 5 YEAR PLAN - Detrunking - LTP OBJECTIVES & GUIDING PRINCIPLES - INTEGRATED SOLUTIONS 73 - Rural Issues Liverpool City Centre - CROSS BOUNDARY ISSUES St. Helens Old Swan SECTION 4 : DELIVERING THE STRATEGY Corridor A - Liverpool-Bootle-Crosby--Southport 213 Wirral Waterfront Kirkby / Gillmoss - 5 YEAR CAPITAL PROGRAMME

SECTION 5 : MEASURING PROGRESS & HITTING KEY TARGETS 229

- TARGETS & PERFORMANCE INDICATORS

merseyside LOCAL TRANSPORT PLAN 2001/2-2005/6 OPPORTUNITIES FOR ALL JULY 2000 INTRODUCTION

BACKGROUND - GOVERNMENT the Plan in the context of the wider co-ordinated, will lead to a significant TRANSPORT POLICY Merseyside regeneration initiatives improvement in the economic wealth, which are targetting improvements in a social health and environmental The introduction of five-year Local wide range of policy areas including: wellbeing of the region.

Transport Plans (LTPs) was announced l Environmental improvements by the Government in the White Paper The Opportunities Job creation and training initiatives "A New Deal for Transport : Better for l Everyone" published in July 1998. The l Social inclusion initiatives l Merseyside's continuing Objective 1 status White Paper sets out the need to means that over £800 million is available to l Health develop an integrated transport policy support a wide range of employment, training with a focus on the following over- Since last July the Merseyside local and infrastructure investment projects across the arching objectives: authorities - shown in Figure 1.1 Strategic Spatial Development Areas (SSDA’s) (Liverpool, Knowsley, Sefton, St. Helens and pathways areas between 2000-2006. l To protect and enhance the built and Wirral) and Merseytravel (the public and natural environment. transport executive/authority) have been l Merseyside has made bids for three major working to produce the full Merseyside Single Regeneration Budget (SRB) funded l To improve safety for all travellers Local Transport Plan for Merseyside projects for Liverpool City Centre, Wirral which contains: Waterfront and South Sefton. l To contribute to an efficient l A 10 year Transport Strategy for Merseyside Liverpool Vision - an urban regeneration economy, and to support covering all forms of travel, including freight l company - has been formed following the sustainable economic growth in movements; appropriate locations. report by the Urban Taskforce "Towards an l A 5 year Plan for investment in a wide range Urban Renaissance". Liverpool Vision's role is of measures covering 2001/02 to 2005/06. l To promote accessibility to everyday to develop and co-ordinate a major facilities for all, especially those regeneration strategy for Liverpool City Centre without a car, and - several major developments are planned THE OPPORTUNITY including proposals for 1 million sq. ft of new l To promote the integration of all FOR MERSEYSIDE retail and leisure space; the City Centre Living forms of transport and land use programme - converting unwanted office planning, leading to a better, more There is now a growing focus and space into modern residential apartments; and efficient transport system. impetus on addressing Merseyside's major investment in the Waterfront. problems and ensuring that The Merseyside Local Transport Plan regeneration takes place. Over the next l Developments in the Ports facilities, including provides the local response to these 5-10 years there are a series of new roll-on roll-off facilities at Twelve Quays on over-arching objectives by setting out opportunities for Merseyside which, if the Wirral, which will serve the growing trade

1 merseyside LOCAL TRANSPORT PLAN 2001/2-2005/6 OPPORTUNITIES FOR ALL JULY 2000 INTRODUCTION

and passenger links with Ireland. l The extension of the existing terminal and construction of a new terminal at Liverpool Airport to accommodate growth to over 2 million passengers per year with a focus on the rapidly expanding budget travel and charter markets.

l The Government's Transport Bill - which is soon to become an Act of Parliament, which will place Local Transport Plans on a statutory footing and will encourage Quality Partnership Agreements between Local Authorities, Passenger Transport Executives (PTEs) and Bus operators to ensure improvements to bus networks, and the creation of the Strategic Rail Authority to impose quality standards on train operating companies.

l The Merseyrail network is a key asset for Merseyside providing an extensive urban rail system featuring five underground rail stations. Outside London, only Newcastle and Glasgow have comparable underground systems. However, the network requires significant investment to improve the quality of the system and its performance. The opportunity to address these issues occurs early in 2001 when the current Merseyrail Electrics franchise is due for renewal. Other franchises including the Trans-Pennine services are also due for early renewal.

l Earlier this year, MTL, the operator of Merseyrail and the majority of Merseyside's buses, was sold to Arriva one of the largest public transport operators in the UK. Already Arriva are investing in over 100 new buses to replace many of the out-of-date vehicles still seen in Merseyside. Other operators are also investing in fleet replacement.

Given these opportunities and the need for action and investment over the next five years, the Local Transport Plan is presented at two levels: the first, the overview and presentation of the long-term Transport Strategy, linked to wider policy themes. The second level is a set of more detailed proposals and schemes which will allow an immediate start to the implementation of the LTP programme.

MERSEYSIDE'S STRATEGIC VISION

A wide set of agencies are responsible for the way in which Merseyside will develop over the next 10 years. These agencies include the Government Office for the North West (GONW) and the North West Development Agency (NWDA) - which emphasises Merseyside's important regional functions and connections with the rest of the UK and indeed Europe. Given the low economic base coupled with the social and environmental problems faced by Merseyside, the emphasis for the next 10 years is on regeneration that is inclusive - providing benefits for all sectors of the community - and sustainable - ensuring that the actions, projects and programmes can be implemented without harming future generations. The need for regeneration - new developments, job creation, training and education - has been the core focus of the Objective 1 Single Programming Document, which sets the framework for the regeneration programme over the next seven years.

“A world class city- region that attracts people to live, work, invest and visit”.

2 INTRODUCTION

“The aim of the Plan is to develop a fully integrated and sustainable transport network for Merseyside, which supports economic, social and environmental regeneration and ensures good access for all in the community.”

l to improve the economy of Merseyside and the wealth generation activity of its residents ensures good access for all in the and businesses; community.” OBJECTIVE 1 STATUS - EUROPEAN FUNDING SUPPORT l to increase the employment and the prosperity of the people of Merseyside;

In parallel to the LTP, the Merseyside l to raise educational attainment and region has been classified again as an skills levels;

Objective 1 area by the European l to reduce economic and social disparities Commission and is, as a result, eligible within Merseyside, build sustainable for development funds to aid the neighbourhoods and ensure equality of regeneration of the Region over the opportunity for all Merseyside people and next 7 years. communities; and The European funding is targeted l to create an environment for growth that forwards the 38 designated “Pathway will stimulate economic activity, and which Areas” which are particular areas of capitalises on the unique natural character social need within Merseyside along and architectural, historic, cultural and with a series of new focal points for sporting heritage of Merseyside to create a employment initiatives (the Strategic premier European city-region. Spatial Development areas (SSDA’s)) which have also been identified. Again, The Objective 1 programme contains a the LTP has been developed to ensure wide range of initiatives to meet these that transport provision is of the highest aims and is forecast to create 56,500 quality to serve these areas to ensure additional jobs over the programme OPPORTUNITIES FOR ALL who live in, period. work in or visit Merseyside.

MERSEYSIDE’S LOCAL MERSEYSIDE'S TRANSPORT PLAN REGENERATION VISION To support the wider Merseyside Vision The Objective 1 Single Programming and its objectives, the Local Transport Document for Merseyside for 2000- Plan has it's own, complementary, 2006 has adopted the following vision: Vision Statement and set of objectives.

“A world class city- The Local Transport Plan vision region that attracts statement: people to live, work, “The aim of the Plan is to develop a invest and visit”. fully integrated and sustainable transport network for Merseyside, which Supporting this vision are the following supports economic, social and aims: environmental regeneration and

3 merseyside LOCAL TRANSPORT PLAN 2001/2-2005/6 OPPORTUNITIES FOR ALL JULY 2000 INTRODUCTION

The Local Transport Plan Objectives have identified a range of key themes Passenger First” and the need for a To meet the aim of the LTP, four main that run through all aspects of the single integrated Public Transport objectives have been set: strategy: Network and Merseyside's continuing

l The need to raise and maintain the focus on major centres and corridors as 1: To ensure that transport supports standards and quality of the transport part of a fully integrated Transport sustainable economic network; Network. development and regeneration. In developing these themes the The need to incorporate safety and security l following technical studies have been measures for all transport users; 2: To moderate the upward trend in completed and used to inform the full car use and secure a shift to l Inclusiveness and accessibility for all; and LTP Strategy: more sustainable forms of l A focus on sustainable improvements that l Interchange Strategy transport such as walking, will bring long-term environmental gains. Park & Ride Strategy cycling and public transport. l l Freight Strategy 3: To secure the most efficient and The Partnership approach has helped l Liverpool City Centre Movement Strategy effective use of the existing frame an LTP that is relevant to the transport network. needs of Merseyside. The aim now is to l Mersey Belt Linkages Strategy continue the process through to the l Road Traffic Reduction Act report 4: To enhance the quality of life of implementation of measures contained l Health Impact Assessment those who live and work in, and in the strategy and in the monitoring of visit Merseyside. the performance of the Plan. The Centres & Corridors theme has been addressed through the PROGRESS THROUGH SUMMARY OF PROGRESS SINCE comprehensive application of a Road PARTNERSHIP THE PROVISIONAL LOCAL User Hierarchy that has been applied TRANSPORT PLAN across the county. This has defined the The LTP Strategy presented in this most appropriate hierarchy of users - document is the end result of a The Provisional LTP (PLTP), submitted walking, cycling, public transport, traffic comprehensive partnership programme to GO-NW/DETR in July 1999, forms and freight - for each centre and that has involved a wide range of the basis of the full LTP presented in corridor. stakeholders, businesses, interest this document. The PLTP established To support the Centres & Corridors groups and representatives of the local the need for the strategy to address approach a comprehensive review of community. A series of news sheets, a issues of environment, accessibility, public transport options has also been web-site, exhibitions and questionnaires safety and security, and inclusiveness undertaken. This covered bus priorities, have been used to encourage as part of a wider objective of SMART, Intermediate modes (guided contributions to the emerging strategy. supporting Merseyside's regeneration bus, trolleybus), Light Rail Transit (LRT) Through this process, Merseytravel, the initiatives. Themes that were introduced and heavy rail options within each Local Authorities and key stakeholders at that stage included “Putting the centre and corridor. Complementary

4 INTRODUCTION

demand management, walking, cycling Centre. Consequently, the scheme and parking measures have also been The selected technology for the as previously defined, is no longer to reviewed to develop integrated rapid transit network is Light Rail be pursued as a Major Scheme packages of measures which in Transit (LRT), and replaces the within the Full LTP. combination form the Strategy previous trolleybus option, as it is a PRIVATE SECTOR presented in the Local Transport Plan. proven technology in commercial FUNDED PROJECTS These are presented in three categories service; is available from a wide - County-wide Measures, Centre & range of manufacturers; provides The PLTP listed three private sector Corridor-specific proposals and Major environmental benefits as it is funded projects:

Schemes (>£5 million) that, in electrically-powered; is proven to be l The re-use of the Waterloo on a combination, are required to meet the of a quality to attract car users; can "commercial" route linking the M62 to objectives set for the LTP. be used as part of a wider package Liverpool North Docks area; to aid regeneration particularly within The Liverpool Electric Tram System Project; the SSDAs; and will improve journey l and MAJOR SCHEMES times and accessibility as part of the wider Single Integrated Public l The Central Railway project. In the PLTP four major schemes were Transport Network. advocated: The PLTP stated "all are at early stages l l Merseyside Rapid Transit Allerton Interchange - the proposal of development and would need to go for this major multi-modal through a number of statutory Allerton Interchange l interchange in South Liverpool has requirements before they could l Hall Lane Area Improvements been reassessed and is considered proceed. The Partners are of the view to still meet the objectives of the that these projects are worthy of more l Town Centre Link LTP, particularly in supporting detailed assessment to demonstrate Each of these schemes has been the regional connections to Merseyside their compliance with the LTP Strategy subject of further comprehensive review and aiding access to the Speke - and objectives. This would require a and now have the following status Garston area, including Liverpool robust business plan and environmental within the Full Local Transport Plan: Airport. statement to be prepared". The current status of each project is l Merseyside Rapid Transit - the l Hall Lane Area Improvement - This as follows: county-wide review of centres & is a major scheme providing a new corridors and the comprehensive link to bypass Hall Lane in Liverpool, l Waterloo Tunnel - The project would review of public transport options which now forms a part of the wider provide a link between the M62 and Liverpool has concluded that rapid transit is Liverpool Vision Strategy and the North Docks. Detailed studies have been required, as part of the Single City Centre Movement Strategy. undertaken on the Waterloo Link covering Integrated Public Transport Network This is one of the main 'gateways' to engineering, environment, regeneration and to provide high quality, sustainable Liverpool City Centre and is on the traffic issues. The findings of the Feasibility public transport in the major non-rail strategic freight route from the M62 Study have confirmed that the construction of corridors in Eastern Liverpool. via Edge Lane. The scheme will a link would be technically feasible and would Therefore, a rapid transit system is help improve the Kensington New have regeneration benefits for the city and retained in the full LTP. A three-line Deal area, makes specific provision greater Merseyside. However, it is evident network is proposed, radiating from for pedestrians and cyclists, and will from the studies that without substantial the city centre to serve pathways yield environmental benefits and constraints on the surface network that the communities and link with Objective opportunities for bus priority on “commercial and freight traffic only” option 1 SSDAs. In Liverpool City Centre, parallel roads. It also brings would generate insufficient toll revenue to itself a significant SSDA, the rapid development opportunities at the fund the total project. A substantial amount of transit system will be integrated with nearby Liverpool University and public sector funding would be required. other elements of the Movement Royal Hospital. Strategy (rail, bus, ferry interchange, During the course of the study, a modified pedestrian priority areas) and l Birkenhead Town Centre Link - proposition was put forward by the private provide key links between Lime following a review of the scheme a sector promoter. This would consist of:

Street Gateway, the city centre core, smaller-scale set of traffic l Use of the tolled tunnel by all traffic; including major new retail management measures has been A link from the M62 to the city centre; development proposals and the developed as part of an integrated l Waterfront. package for Birkenhead Town l Extensive demand management measures on

5 merseyside LOCAL TRANSPORT PLAN 2001/2-2005/6 OPPORTUNITIES FOR ALL JULY 2000 INTRODUCTION

routes parallel to the M62 - Waterloo Tunnel establish further details of their proposals privately financed funded and promoted route; including capital & operating costs, demand project, which was briefly previewed in the and revenue assumptions and journey time Provisional Local Transport Plan. The scheme (run-time) forecasts, all of which would form would have to be subject to detailed l A partnership between the private sector and inputs to the business plan for the project. consultation and its progression is dependent the public sector to enable financing of the These details have not been provided by LETS. upon suitable powers being sought and gained project (i.e. the project would need to be Consequently, the Partners have been unable via a Transport & Works Act Order. Because of adopted as a Major Scheme within the LTP). to reach a conclusion on the robustness of the the complexity of the scheme as planned, it is Although the technical development work on business case for LETS. likely to be regarded as a scheme of National the project has been considerable, it is Significance by the Secretary of State and thus considered premature to include the project In addition, the Partners have concerns subject to detailed consideration by within the LTP, as it has not been established regarding the proposed means of securing Parliament. In view of this, the Central that the project, in its revised form, fits with powers to build the system, the timescale for Railways proposal, if it progresses, is likely to the objectives of the City Centre Movement its construction and whether the programme is come forward beyond year 5 of the Local Strategy and the Freight Strategy. achievable. Also, insufficient detail has been Transport Plan. Consequently, the Waterloo Tunnel project is supplied by LETS to explain how the scheme not included in the 5 Year Local Transport would be wholly private sector funded without Plan. This does not preclude further any public sector inputs. OTHER PLTP ISSUES development work on the project as part of a transportation and land use solution to the On this basis, the LETS project is not included The Partners have taken careful note of eastern approaches, with the proviso that it in the Full Local Transport Plan. This does not the settlement letter issued by GONW must demonstrate that it meets with the preclude the promoter from undertaking in December 1999, and in particular, the objectives of the LTP Strategy. further development work if they wish to comments regarding road space promote the scheme as a longer-term option reallocation. Examples of l The Liverpool Electric Tram System (LETS) with the proviso that it must demonstrate that “INTEGRATED SOLUTIONS” are project proposed a four-line light rail network it meets the objectives of the LTP strategy. presented in the LTP to highlight the with lines from Liverpool City Centre to Speke; However, it should be noted that LRT, but not approach to providing comprehensive Croxteth; and Woodchurch (Wirral) and an the specific LETS tram technology, is to be designs that incorporate demand orbital route on Queen's Drive. The 48km promoted by the Partners as an integral part management measures. system would be introduced through outline of the LTP. Subject to progress with the and full planning permission, within the 5 Year Partners' LRT project, tender documents would LTP period. The promoters propose that the be issued seeking competitive bids for the scheme is wholly private funded, although design, construction and operation of the first they would seek public funds to aid their line of the LRT system during the 5 year LTP investment programme. LETS submitted period. documents outlining their proposals in March

2000. Following a review, considerable l The Central Railways Project proposal for a correspondence with LETS has taken place to Lille to Liverpool freight scheme is a wholly

6 INTRODUCTION

STRUCTURE OF THE range of county-wide measures, specific proposals for Merseyside's centres and LTP DOCUMENT l The Merseyside European - funding Objective 1 programme major corridors of movement and a list of major schemes (each costing over £5 The Liverpool Vision initiative in Liverpool The LTP is presented in five sections: l million) that are considered essential to City Centre, and other single regeneration fully meet the objectives of the LTP. SECTION 1: Bid (SRB) areas; and Introduction l The updating and replacement of the Unitary Development Plans for the five SECTION 4 presents the Merseyside districts (Liverpool, Knowsley, Implementation Programme for the 5 SECTION 2: Sefton, St. Helens and Wirral). year LTP period (2001/02 - 2005/06) Problem Identification and including details of the funding Opportunities requirements. The section sets out the Vision for The section also includes details of Merseyside over the next 10 years and how the Plan will be delivered with the SECTION 3: establishes a complementary and arrangements for each component, and Strategy Development supporting transport-related Vision for with a particular emphasis on the first the Local Transport Plan. Four main year of the Plan. objectives (related to the Government's SECTION 4: own over-arching objectives) are then SECTION 5 covers the Targets that Delivering the Strategy presented, through which it is intended have been set for the Plan and the that the LTP vision will be delivered. headline performance indicators that will be used to measure the progress of the SECTION 5: SECTION 3 provides the background to Plan and the monitoring of its Measuring Progress & Hitting the development of the Plan including performance. Key Targets details of how the various alternatives have been analysed. Alternative strategies are then presented, SECTION 2 addresses the problems concluding that the LTP must support facing Merseyside including the wider INCLUSIVE, SUSTAINABLE regeneration agenda and the relative REGENERATION if it is to succeed. decline in public transport usage, and Having established the basis of the increasing traffic levels and freight strategy, the section continues by movements in the Merseyside region. outlining a series of key themes; an The section highlights the need for overview of the 10 Year Transport action and investment, within the next Strategy and the immediate 5 Year Plan five years in particular, and identifies which the Partners agree is deliverable. the complementary policy initiatives that The section includes examples of are being addressed concurrently: INTEGRATED SOLUTIONS that are proposed as key parts of the Plan. The l The Regional Planning Guidance and section concludes with details of the Regional Transport Strategy components of the Plan including a

7 merseyside LOCAL TRANSPORT PLAN 2001/2-2005/6 OPPORTUNITIES FOR ALL JULY 2000 INTRODUCTION

A CENTRE OF EXCELLENCE IN TRANSPORT PLANNING: Merseyside’s Bid

is developed for the people of The Partners have developed a Local INTRODUCTION Merseyside by the people of Transport Plan that meets the needs of Merseyside. the Merseyside region and which The Merseyside Local Transport Plan Highlights of this inclusive approach focuses on the major centres and Partners (Merseytravel, Liverpool, are the Integrated Transport Forum corridors, and in particular includes Knowsley, Sefton, St. Helens and which has helped steer the proposals to aid the regeneration of Wirral) wish Merseyside to be development of the LTP; the Liverpool City Centre, the Ports and considered for designation as a Centre Merseyside Strategic Transportation Airport and the EU Objective 1 of Excellence in Transport Planning. and Planning Committee; Merseyside's Strategic Spatial Development areas. designation, in April 2000, as a Centre This comprehensive approach with of Excellence for Public Transport; and strong links to wider land use, THE FULLY Merseyside's countywide Bus Quality regeneration, health and social INTEGRATED APPROACH Partnership Agreement which was inclusion policies will ensure that signed in July 2000, three months Merseyside's LTP is fully integrated The Merseyside LTP, the longer term ahead of programme. and provides OPPORTUNITIES FOR 10 Year Transport Strategy and the ALL. wider Merseyside Vision represent an example of a fully integrated approach PARTNERSHIPS to transport planning which: TARGETS AND MONITORING

l Fully meets the Government's over-arching The Bus Quality Partnership Agreement is objectives for integrated transport policy the first step towards a wider single, To ensure its success the LTP contains integrated Public Transport Quality a series of targets and performance Sets the objectives in the context of specific l Partnership Agreement that will cover all indicators for each component of the issues that effect Merseyside public transport modes and traffic Plan. These will form the basis of the l Is fully integrated with wider policy management agencies and car park Merseyside LTP Annual Monitor, which initiatives: operators. will be published to highlight progress -The Objective 1 regeneration programme At a detailed level, as part of with the implementation of the Plan. -The Liverpool Vision Merseyside's Bus Strategy, corridor- -The SRB projects across Merseyside level agreements will also be developed to cover: PROMOTIONAL ACTIVITIES -The updating of the five Unitary Development Plans for each authority l Bus reliability and punctuality targets for The Partners' approach to providing -The North West Regional Strategy commercial operators - linked to legally binding corridor - level proposals fully integrated transport functions is l Includes innovative measures such as the through the "INTEGRATED Bus age, quality, cleanliness, driver development of Health Impact Assessments, l SOLUTIONS" contained in the LTP standards Health Action Zones and the Development along with the "MERSEYSIDE of Clear Zones. l Corridor-based information & timetables CONNECTIONS" Multi-modal (as part of "Merseyside Connects" county- Information Strategy. These elements wide information strategy) will be highlighted by the Partners as THE IMPORTANCE OF Links with the Merseyside Interchange examples of Best Practice, and will PUBLIC PARTICIPATION l Strategy form the basis of their promotional activities as part of the Centre of Links with City, Town and District centres The LTP has been produced with the l Excellence initiative with a series of programmes full involvement and support of a wide information packs, workshops and a cross section of stakeholders and l Links with Objective 1 Strategic Spatial web-site to disseminate information to interest groups. Its development has Development Area (SSDA)/Pathway other practitioners in the UK, the rest of also involved an extensive public programmes Europe and elsewhere to demonstrate participation exercise involving how transport provision assists in the community groups, questionnaires, creation of a World-class City Region. focus groups, seminars, exhibitions AN INTEGRATED LOCAL and a web site to ensure that the LTP TRANSPORT PLAN

8 THE STRATEGIC CONTEXT

t is important that the LTP The is the gateway of REGIONAL ISSUES IStrategy takes account of all the a Trans European Network (TEN) to relevant Strategic Guidance to Ireland and beyond to North America. Key regional policies include: enable it to be consistent with This is a key economic engine for the Regional, National and region and strategic transport links are Regional Planning Guidance European Policy vital to the continuing economic regeneration of the Mersey Region. The Merseyside local authorities and Merseytravel are working with the North EUROPEAN AND West Regional Assembly and other NATIONAL ISSUES TRANSPORT BILL regional partners, to develop a revised Regional Planning Guidance (RPG) for The wider policy context for the new As well as the Transport White Paper 'A the North West, which incorporates a Local Transport Plan for Merseyside is New Deal for Transport: Better for Regional Transport Strategy. It is set by the following key European and Everyone' published in 1998, the expected that a draft RPG will be issued UK Strategies including: Merseyside Local Transport Plan will be for public consultation in late Summer strongly influenced by the new 2000, after the Merseyside LTP has l European Spatial Transport Bill which is currently before been submitted for approval. The Development Perspective. Parliament. Merseyside LTP is, however, consistent l The Citizens' Network - the This covers new legislation for Local with both the existing RPG13 and European Commission's 'blue print' Transport, Road User Charging and emerging RPG. for better public transport. Work Place parking charges, Railways The emerging RPG aims “to promote and National Air Traffic Control. sustainability in future patterns of l EU Urban Policy Paper. The Bill when enacted will provide regional development, growth and l A Better Quality of Life - The UK wider powers for local authorities, will change”. This is taken forward through Sustainable Development Strategy. inter alia, make LTPs statutory six key themes, which underpin all RPG l Towards an Urban Renaissance - documents and encourage Bus Quality policies: report of the Urban Task Force. Partnership agreements. l Prudent management of the region's l “A New Deal for Transport: Better environmental and cultural assets; for Everyone” The UK Government's White Paper on the Future of THE GOVERNMENT'S TEN YEAR l Achieving greater economic competitiveness Transport accompanied by its PLAN FOR TRANSPORT and growth, with associated social progress;

various ‘daughter documents’. l Securing an urban renaissance in the cities l ‘Saving Lives: Our Healthier Nation’: The Merseyside Local Transport Plan is and towns of the North West; complementary to the Government's 10 The UK Government's White Paper l Sustaining the region's rural, peripheral and on Health. Year Transport Plan setting out a longer coastal communities; l Disability Discrimination Act. term national programme for transport to the year 2010. l Physical regeneration and environmental l National Air Quality Strategy. The Plan is intended to offer a more improvement, and; l Road Traffic Reduction Act 1997. stable climate for investment in l Creating an accessible region. l Transport Bill. transport for the public and private l The Government's 10 Year Plan sectors. To incorporate a Regional Transport for Transport. The Plan features the following Strategy, RPG will set out policies for l The Environment Act 1995. elements: transport, priority schemes and regional car parking standards. The emerging l The Royal Commission on l Targets RPG is likely to include the following Environmental Pollution 1998. Technology l schemes as regional priorities: l Railtrack's Network l European Benchmarking Management Statement. l West Coast Mainline Upgrade l Public and Private Partnership l New Deal for Trunk Roads in l Improvements to Trans-Pennine rail routes . l Development of a network of major passenger interchanges

13 merseyside LOCAL TRANSPORT PLAN 2001/2-2005/6 OPPORTUNITIES FOR ALL JULY 2000 THE STRATEGIC CONTEXT

l High and sustainable levels of growth and employment. l Development of a network of inter-modal freight interchanges l Pressing for improved West Coast l Social progress which meets the needs of everyone. l Development of the Merseyside strategic Mainline passenger services. bus network l Effective protection of the environment. l Urging national improvements in rail l Development of the Merseyside LRT network freight capacity. l Prudent use of natural resources. l Access improvements to Liverpool and Manchester Airports l Supporting investment proposals for AFS includes an Action Plan, which "piggyback" rail freight and the sets out headline objectives under the l Access improvements to the Port of Liverpool Central Railway proposal. headings of the four principles l Regionally significant proposals arising from mentioned above. These objectives the Mersey Belt Linkages Study l Investigating a new regional include:

intermodal freight facility at the l To reduce the need to travel and improve The Regional Strategy Parkside colliery site. choice and use of sustainable transport modes. The Merseyside LTP has also taken l Encouraging the development of To increase the level of investment in and into account the North West Regional local passenger rail services. l use of rail and water freight transport. Development Agency's Regional Strategy. This sets out a vision for the l Pursuing Integrated Public l To protect, or where necessary, improve local North West, to create a region which: Transport Solutions. air quality. l Attracts and retains the skilled and talented. l To improve access to basic goods, services l Supporting Airport Expansion. and amenities. l Brings everyone into the mainstream of community life. l Encouraging Port expansion by The Merseyside Local Transport Plan l Nurtures its environment, heritage recognising the pivotal role of the aims to support the achievement of and culture. Port of Liverpool and pressing for these headline objectives, and has recognition of the need for further integrated sustainability throughout the l Kindles creativity, innovation and competitiveness. growth in UK, Irish and EU policies. strategy, objectives and strategy appraisal. Transforms its image. l l Pressing for action to improve l Strengthens its infrastructure. access to the Mersey Crossing at Runcorn and Liverpool Docks and MERSEYSIDE POLICY l And is naturally on the short list for FRAMEWORK new investment City Centre from the M62 (including any necessary capacity improvements to Junction 6). The key Merseyside strategies Merseyside’s North West regional impacting on the Merseyside LTP context is shown in Figure 2.1 include: ACTION FOR SUSTAINABILITY A central theme of the Regional Merseyside Objective One Strategy is to promote urban The North West Regional Assembly and Programme 2000-06 renaissance in the region, and the the Government Office for the North Mersey Belt, linking Merseyside and West, together with other regional The Objective One Partnership has the Greater Manchester, is a Priority stakeholders and partners, are objective of Merseyside being “A World- Regeneration Area. developing a Regional Sustainable Class City-Region that attracts people Liverpool City Centre (alongside East Development Framework for the to live, work, invest and visit”. To Manchester) is considered a Regional Region. Action For Sustainability, (AFS) achieve this objective the aims for the Regeneration Challenge, on the basis aims to enhance the decisions and Programme are: of the problems it faces, its potential for choices made in the North West to reshaping the future of Merseyside sub- place sustainable development at the 1. To improve the economy of region and its contribution to the wealth heart of the Region's future. It is based Merseyside and the wealth of the North West. on the four principles of the UK Strategy generation activity of its residents The Regional Strategy also sets out for Sustainable Development, with the and businesses through the creation aims for strengthening communications. key areas where real improvements can of a competitive knowledge driven Proposals include: be made being: economy focused on growth, higher

14 THE STRATEGIC CONTEXT

skills, entrepreneurship and world 2. To increase employment and the class management skills. prosperity of the people of The framework promotes: Merseyside to a level closer to the A high quality, integrated, safe and rest of the North West. l sustainable transport system to provide better access to Merseyside and within it; 3. To raise education attainment and skills levels through the creation of l The most effective possible contribution from an active, effective and inclusive transport to economic, social and lifelong learning community. environmental regeneration.

l Sustainable urban form, including compact, 4. To create an environment for growth mixed use neighbourhoods, to ensure easy that will stimulate economic activity, access by walking, cycling and public and which capitalises on the unique transport to jobs and facilities and to reduce character and architectural, historic, the need to travel. cultural and sporting heritage of Merseyside to create a premier l Improvement in public transport links across European city-region. the conurbation particularly on key bus and rail corridors.

5. To reduce economic and social l Improvements to local walkways disparities within Merseyside, build and cycleways. sustainable neighbourhoods and l The Transport priorities of the Merseyside ensure equality of opportunity for all and Halton LTPs, and the Regional Strategy. Merseyside people and communities.

OTHER KEY LOCAL POLICIES THE STRATEGIC PLANNING FRAMEWORK FOR Other key local policies, which will have GREATER MERSEYSIDE an influence on implementation of the Local Transport Plan, include: The Merseyside local authorities,

together with Halton Borough Council, l The Unitary Development Plans (land use have developed an interim Strategic plans for each of the five Merseyside district Planning Framework for the authorities). conurbation. The principal purpose of Liverpool Vision. this non- statutory document was to l input a positive statement to the l Liverpool First. process of reviewing RPG, but the l Local Agenda 21 strategies. Framework also aimed to set out a land use planning context for the LTP. It l Merseyside Health Action Zone. complements other work by the local l Education Action Zones. authorities to integrate the LTP with l Air Quality Management Plans. Unitary Development Plans at a local level. l Crime Reduction Plans.

l Health Improvement Programmes.

l Disability Discrimination Act implementation. The Framework states: l Single Regeneration Budget Programmes and “The focus of strategic planning in other local regeneration strategies, Greater Merseyside will be on the particularly the New Deal for Communities sustainable regeneration of the urban programme in Kensington.

area, by encompassing the range of l Employment Services. social, economic and physical measures required to create sustainable patterns of development and travel.”

15 merseyside LOCAL TRANSPORT PLAN 2001/2-2005/6 OPPORTUNITIES FOR ALL JULY 2000 THE STRATEGIC CONTEXT

l Transform the Pier Head into a world-class l Develop and attract competitive businesses, urban environment that reinforces its building on existing City Centre key sectors LIVERPOOL VISION function as a key City Centre Gateway and and clusters, whilst developing and visitor destination. responding to new opportunities particularly the knowledge-based economy. l Create a world-class business exchange providing the appropriate space and environment for new and existing businesses to flourish.

A key element in the urban renaissance l Establish critical linkages within the historic

PIER HEAD core by creating a mixed-use urban environment and quality public realm. of Merseyside is the regeneration of Liverpool City Centre. Following the l Reinforce the Cultural Quarter as a cultural publication of the Government's Urban destination and Lime Street as a quality Task Force Report in 1999 entitled Gateway to the city. 'Towards an Urban Renaissance'; l Deliver a step-change in the Liverpool retail Liverpool was chosen as a pioneer city offer by extending the main retail area of the LIVERPOOL FIRST for an Urban Regeneration Company City Centre. (URC), Liverpool Vision. The Liverpool First has been developed by l Develop the King's Dock into a world-class Regeneration Company has been leisure and family entertainment facility. the Liverpool Partnership Forum as a tasked with boosting wealth, investment comprehensive 10-year programme of and sustainable job creation in the City integrated action covering the whole of centre. All of this will lead to new and l Encourage the Hope Street Charter as a key the City. Liverpool First is a greater demands for travel, which must cultural resource for the city and the region. comprehensive management strategy be managed as well as catered for. designed to guide the regeneration of l Raise the international profile of Liverpool by Liverpool Vision has produced a the City of Liverpool. maximising its cultural strength and assets. Strategy Framework for the Liverpool First seeks to deliver a long regeneration of Liverpool City Centre l Implement a balanced movement strategy term and sustainable regeneration of which will provide the framework for that delivers an approachable and accessible the City of Liverpool through: regeneration over the next eight years. City Centre for all.

Up to £1.4 billion of improvements have l Deliver a unique high-quality public realm l Implementing a long term strategy. been proposed leading up to the 800th that unifies the City Centre. anniversary of the city's charter in 2007, l Extending regeneration work into l Ensure that all sectors of the community are and Liverpool's bid for European Capital main programmes and budgets. engaged and involved throughout the of Culture status in 2008. l Providing a strategic framework for implementation of the Strategic Framework. Liverpool Vision have identified the establishing the goals and priorities following Strategic Objectives as a l Reinforce City Centre communities by of all the organisations that work in focus for City Centre regeneration over making the most of current and future City the City. the next eight years: Centre opportunities so that social disparities between communities are eradicated.

16 NATURE OF THE CHALLENGE

he transport network plays an across Merseyside. These SSDA's will Timportant role in satisfying The Merseyside Economic be the focus of major employment, economic and social needs, by Assessment (Cambridge Econometrics, development and infrastructure giving people access to services, May 1999) suggests that the 1994-99 investment over the next 6-7 years. goods, activities and opportunities. Objective 1 Programme significantly These contain drivers for growth such slowed the continuing relative decline as the Port of Liverpool, now the Within Merseyside it has a particular between Merseyside and the UK principal port in the North West region. role to play in addressing the economic, average, but that the differential was not Liverpool Airport, also in a SSDA, has social and environmental regeneration closed. It is the overriding objective of undergone a significant revival in recent of the area. the next Objective One Programme to years, and is the fastest growing But it also creates and contributes to reverse the decline. regional airport in the UK. other issues such as: There are strengths in the Merseyside Consequently the priorities for l Road safety economy upon which a substantial transport in this Local Transport Plan recovery can be based. The area has a will need to complement and reinforce Pollution l resident population of 1.42m, and a regeneration priorities as set out in the l Congestion population of 1.93m within a 30-minute SPD. The Objective 1 Programme will catchment of Liverpool City Centre. allocate funding to four Priorities: l Health Merseyside is the home to a number of Developing Business; Social inclusion l l world class companies, to three major Developing People; Higher Education Institutions, and to l This section outlines the key issues that companies in key growth sectors, l Developing Locations; and must be addressed in developing the including automotive, food l Developing Pathways areas. LTP Strategy. manufacturing, construction, pharmaceutical and environmental The Programme also has three cross technology. Tourism represents 2.5% of cutting themes THE ECONOMIC CONTEXT GDP and has the potential to double l Information & Communication visitor spend and jobs created; the Technology (ICT); Over the past twenty years the creative and cultural sectors (largely Environmental sustainability; and economy of Merseyside has undergone based in Liverpool City Centre) also l a period of decline and change, posing have strong growth potential. l Equal opportunities. substantial challenges to business, the public sector and local communities. Merseyside has been granted Objective Measures to support transport Merseyside is the poorest urban area in 1 status by the EU for a second period, investment are focused on improving the UK with low economic activity rates, and over £800m has been allocated to access to these areas from Pathways below average business survival rates, support the 2000 - 2006 Programme. areas, and to improving local transport very high levels of unemployment and The eligibility for redesignation of within Pathways areas. long term unemployment, low domestic Objective 1 status for Merseyside was In the 1994-99 Objective One incomes and educational and skill levels determined by the 1996 GDP figures, Programme, 38 Community Economic well below those of the NW region. which indicated that the Merseyside Development areas were established, Partly due to the lack of employment GDP per head was 73.1% of the EU as a focus for neighbourhood renewal opportunities, Merseyside's resident average. (Below 75% is the eligibility and investment to address social population has continued to decline. criteria for Objective 1 status). exclusion. Each area was represented Structural decline in high employment by a Community based Pathways industries over many years has partnership. The Pathways areas will contributed to this picture of OBJECTIVE ONE FUNDING: - remain a priority of the 2000 - 2006 Merseyside, which has encouraged a The new Single Programming Objective One Programme. persistent negative image of the area in Document (SPD) Consequently the priorities of the LTP the UK. have been developed to fully The new Single Programming complement the Objective 1 Figures 2.2-2.4 illustrate Merseyside’s Document focuses regeneration effort Programme. population distribution, unemployment on a series of Strategic Spatial levels, and levels of social deprivation. Development Areas (SSDA's) located The SSDA's and Pathway areas are

19 merseyside LOCAL TRANSPORT PLAN 2001/2-2005/6 OPPORTUNITIES FOR ALL JULY 2000 NATURE OF THE CHALLENGE

shown in Figure 2.5. l Less daily exercise contributing to l The design of street environment decreasing levels of health in and public transport infrastructure A key priority of the Merseyside LTP is general and increasing levels of not taking account of those with to support sustainable growth of the coronary heart disease in particular. mobility difficulties. Merseyside economy. This will be achieved by developing a fully l Community severance created integrated and inclusive strategy that either by new roads or increased promotes sustainable access to key volumes locations such as the City Centre and of traffic. Liverpool Airport, and to other gateways and strategic development areas. The These issues are particularly relevant LTP will support wider regeneration for the 41% of households in strategies and will ensure strong links Merseyside who do not have access to between economic development, social a car, and who are increasingly finding and environmental regeneration, themselves disadvantaged to terms of education, health and transport access to goods, services and proposals. By matching LTP funding opportunities. with Objective 1 funding there is a real The Merseyside Economic Assessment, opportunity to assist the regeneration of stated that not only is it essential that the area. there should be an increase of employment in sectors which had the prospect of future growth, but also that THE SOCIAL CONTEXT there should be a major take-up of these jobs by the local population. It is Economic decline has led to high levels clear therefore that regeneration of the of social exclusion in Merseyside, with economy and accessibility for the local unemployment running at 10.5%, population have a common purpose almost double the UK average of 5.4%. with respect to social inclusion. The long term unemployment rate is 40.1% locally compared to 33.5% for the UK, and income support claimants REGENERATION represent 14.8% of the Merseyside population, compared to 8.8% of the UK During the lifetime of this LTP, the population as a whole. Also, 41% of overarching priority for the Merseyside households do not have access to a partners is the social and economic car. regeneration of the area. In order that The growth in car use and the creation all members of the community can have of a car-orientated society has the opportunity to benefit from this contributed to: strategy, it is vital that those without access to a car or other forms of private l The decline of public transport transport are not disadvantaged. services, reducing accessibility to services and opportunities for the non-car owners. SOCIAL INCLUSION l The development of facilities which For many people, this will mean are easily accessible only by car, increasing the opportunity to travel. For and the closure of local facilities. those in the lower income range, 'reducing the need to travel', is not a l An increase in the vulnerability of viable option. Trends in decentralisation pedestrians and cyclists as they have affected key land uses such as become less obvious, thereby health, education, leisure and retail discouraging these sustainable facilities in Merseyside. The most modes of transport. deprived local neighbourhoods can subsequently lack basic services as well

20 NATURE OF THE CHALLENGE

Access to goods and services as opportunities for employment, and a that taxis are more widely used by l number of housing areas have been those without access to a car, even l Accidents and Safety (including risk of crime) characterised as 'food deserts' due to those on low incomes, and it is vital that l Activity (physical exercise) the lack of availability of fresh food. the LTP develops a strategy to integrate Changes in employment patterns all modes of transport in support of l Assurance (reliability and journey planning) include more flexible hours and shorter social regeneration. l Attitudes (to public transport, health, shifts, which combined with transport and car use) decentralisation, have also undermined the viability of established public HEALTH IMPACTS THE ENVIRONMENTAL transport services from poorer areas. CONTEXT Public transport has a significant role In recognition that significant health to play in addressing social inclusion. inequalities continue to exist amongst The environmental impacts of transport There has been a period where communities across Merseyside, the are well known, and the following planning and land use development has Government has designated the area as particularly apply to Merseyside: been based upon car orientated policies a Health Action Zone. This new status, l Increased air pollution and emissions, with so that those without access to a car (which stems from the Governments effects on: have become increasingly Health White Paper "Our Healthier Local air quality and personal health, disadvantaged. Nation") offers new funding l contributing to increases in respiratory Many of these problems are opportunities to tackle health problems diseases particularly acute for women who through a targeted multi-agency already make up 65% of all public approach. The HAZ has funded, for l Greenhouse gas emissions contributing to transport users, and where demands on example, an additional TravelWise the reduction of ozone childcare and easy access onto buses officer. l The continued consumption of non- and trains is important, or where fear for This LTP has been the subject of a renewable resources, to power, construct and personal security, especially in hours of comprehensive Health Impact maintain the transport network darkness is a major concern. For many Assessment, undertaken by Liverpool with physical or other disabilities, these Health Authority. A copy of the l Increased noise pollution with affects on issues will be compounded by Executive Summary of this Assessment psychological health difficulties accessing facilities where the is included in the Local Transport Plan - l Increased congestion which undermines surrounding pedestrian environment is Technical Appendices. This identified safety and economic efficiency, and often of very poor quality. the following key issues where transport exacerbates the impact of air and Unemployment, particularly amongst has a direct influence on personal noise pollution young people, is a major concern and health: priority. Often, many will have very l Road Traffic Accidents Transport can also have positive limited travel horizons, preferring to stay benefits on the environment, and can Air Pollution close to their immediate neighbourhood. l assist in environmental regeneration, Such reluctance to travel can reduce l Noise through the following: the chance of gaining employment or l Social Exclusion l Good transport infrastructure can improve training opportunities. Most will be the attractiveness of derelict sites as areas l Access to shops, services, friends and family dependent on public transport and often for investment the causes of this reluctance to travel l Dependence on cars Transport is a key factor in the attractiveness will be due to excessive travel time or l l Cycling, walking and use of public transport of residential areas and can promote cost or lack of direct services, or sustainable city living insufficient information. l Public transport competition

Public transport therefore has a l Public transport safety l High quality, integrated transport services significant role to play in addressing can not only assist the growth of sectors l Economic vitality social inclusion, and must provide such as tourism, but can also help minimise improved access to major employment damage caused by activities on the and service locations. Walking and The health impacts of transport are environment. cycling are low cost and healthy forms illustrated in Figure 2.6 of transport, but can, perversely, be The Merseyside LTP will contribute to least attractive to residents of areas The Health Impact Assessment improving national environmental quality where there has been under investment identifies the following health priorities by addressing issues such as pollution, in traffic management or community to be addressed by the LTP: biodiversity and climatic change. In safety facilities. It has been recognised l Air quality doing so, however, the aim is to also

21 merseyside LOCAL TRANSPORT PLAN 2001/2-2005/6 OPPORTUNITIES FOR ALL JULY 2000 TRAVEL TRENDS ACROSS MERSEYSIDE

ravel trends across Merseyside has increased 10% since 1988, to a DECLINING BUS PATRONAGE, Tgive an indication of both the 1996 level of 2.7 trips, and whilst trip INCREASING RAIL PATRONAGE affect of the current transport rates for walking and bus have fallen, network and current attitudes they have increased for car driver and Figure 2.9 and Table 2.1 summarises towards transport on behaviour. car passenger. The overall increase in the gradual decline in bus passengers trip rates has previously been seen as a from over 227 million journeys Across Merseyside the following trends positive improvement, reflecting (1987/88) to 168 million (1998/99) - a have been identified: increasing economic growth and decline of 26%. prosperity. However, in recognising the In contrast, patronage on the l Increasing car ownership need to reduce the need to travel, it is Merseyrail network has shown a steady important to ensure that any increase is increase rising by 11% over the period l Increasing dependence on the car not due to more trips being made out of 1995/96 to 1998/99. necessity ie, as local choice for schools, Clearly, the trends for bus patronage l Increase in the number of trips, shops, employment and health facilities are disappointing, and illustrate the while trip length has remained becomes more restricted. challenge to improve the quality of constant services and change travel behaviour. In contrast, the position for rail is more l Declining bus patronage INCREASING CAR OWNERSHIP positive, particularly when taken against AND DEPENDENCE a background of operating problems l Increasing relative costs of over the last few years. public transport Figure 2.8 shows the number of cars It is expected that car ownership and generally available per household on car usage will rise on Merseyside, at Merseyside. It shows that in 1996 an least in the lifetime of this LTP. CURRENT TRAVEL PATTERNS average of 41% of Merseyside However, the Partners believe that the households did not have access to a approach as set out in the Public Figure 2.7 below shows that at the time car. Transport Theme will lead to an of the last Countywide Travel Survey in The average journey length for all increasing use of public transport. 1996, car travel accounted for 52% of modes has however remained steady, total journeys in Merseyside, compared with an average trip length of 5km to 46% in 1988. Walking accounted for (there was a general fall in journey TRAFFIC FLOWS INTO 25% (29% in 1988) of all journeys, with length for recorded walk trips from 1km LIVERPOOL CITY CENTRE public transport (buses and trains) to 0.7km). accounting for 17% (19% in 1988). Hence while journey lengths have Table 2.2 shows 16-hour two way traffic In addition to the increase in car use, remained constant, overall travel has flows across the Liverpool City Centre the average trip rate per person per day increased due to increased trip rates. Cordon. The figures are encouraging in

27 merseyside LOCAL TRANSPORT PLAN 2001/2-2005/6 OPPORTUNITIES FOR ALL JULY 2000 TRAVEL TRENDS ACROSS MERSEYSIDE

terms of the aim of traffic restraint since 1999 342,242 -2.4% more measures need to be introduced they suggest traffic flows into the City to encourage more people to cycle in Centre have only been increasing order to meet the RCEP's target for marginally since 1991, although much cycling. of this may be attributable to INCREASING RELATIVE COST OF suppressed economic activity in the City PUBLIC TRANSPORT COMPARED Centre over the period. Even in 1998, TO MOTORING the highest level for 7 years, was only a maximum of 3.9% higher than the 1991 Figure 2.10 shows the trend in the real level. cost of bus and rail fares in Merseyside, However, whilst traffic growth into the compared to general motoring costs City Centre has been relatively stable, and the Retail Price Index (RPI). It can the real growth in traffic and car use be seen that the real cost of public has occurred on the periphery of the transport fares have doubled since urban area. 1986, whereas the cost of general Table 2.2 : 16-hour two way motoring has decreased when traffic flows across Liverpool city compared to the RPI. centre cordon Figure 2.11 illustrates the comparison between current transport usage on Vehicles Change Merseyside and two of the principal Since 1991 targets set by the Royal Commission on 1991 350,600 Environmental Pollution (RCEP), for car 1992 346,700 -1.1% use and cycling by 2020. It confirms 1993 343,200 -2.1% that as the regeneration of the area 1994 349,200 -0.4% takes place, the transport system has 1995 338,700 -3.4% the capacity to accommodate further 1996 343,200 -2.1% traffic growth up to 2020, before the 1997 351,600 +0.3% RCEP's target for the area is exceeded. 1998 364,200 +3.9% However the graph also shows that

28 FUTURE FORECASTS - Road Traffic Reduction Act

he Road Traffic Reduction Act Inclusive and sustainable regeneration is available. The 10-year strategy is T(1997) requires local authorities has been established as the primary therefore based on achieving high to prepare a report relating to the goal in Merseyside. This is set out in quality transport first, during the period levels of road traffic in their areas. detail in the Single Programming when development constraints need to The Partners have produced a Document with, in particular, a projected be minimised to encourage report which is contained in the 56,500 new jobs across the county and regeneration, and applying policy Technical Appendices of the LTP. In 12,500 Pathways residents targeted to measures to promote mode shift this summary, the forecast growth enter employment. The partners are second, once regeneration is well in traffic in Merseyside is described also pursuing development of freight established. along with the targets to be facilities at key locations to support the Estimates have been made of the adopted for controlling its growth general increase in economic activity. likely effects upon road traffic of a over the Transport Strategy period These changes are expected to lead to package of public transport to 2011. further increases in traffic above the interventions proposed and these have baseline. The forecasts of total traffic been used to set demanding targets for growth including these regeneration the management of traffic growth. FUTURE FORECASTS targets are: 21.5% by 2006 and 30.9% by 2011. The targets are presented in At present the road network in Table 2.3 below. Merseyside does not experience Over the short term, the network as a network-wide congestion, although whole can accommodate much of this there is localised congestion in the peak road traffic growth without an periods on some of the major arterial unacceptable increase in congestion or routes in Liverpool and at certain of the its impacts. There is, however, a need to busier local centres outside Liverpool. contain the worst effects of this growth Making use of Government forecasts and to prepare the transport system of adapted to the circumstances of Merseyside so as to prevent difficulties Merseyside, projections of baseline which unconstrained road traffic growth growth in total traffic from 1996 have over a longer period of time would been calculated as 15.6% by 2006 and cause. 24.1% by 2011. This reflects expected growth in household numbers, car It is widely acknowledged that mode ownership and licence-holding as well switch only becomes a feasible aim as general increases in wealth. once a high quality alternative to the car

29 merseyside LOCAL TRANSPORT PLAN 2001/2-2005/6 OPPORTUNITIES FOR ALL JULY 2000 THE PUBLIC VIEW

he development of the LTP January 2000) Other groups and forums that Tincorporates the feedback from participated in the process included: a comprehensive public l Stage Two: Market Research l The Merseytravel Advisory Panels (one in participation exercise. This showed (March 2000) each of the Merseyside Districts), Women's strong support for the introduction Forum, and the Access Panel of measures which: l Stage Three: Key Stakeholder Area Committees in Liverpool and Sefton Consultation (April 2000) l l Transport User Groups (such as the Wirral l Reduce traffic congestion Cycle Forum) l Reduce traffic pollution and noise STAGE ONE CONSULTATION l Environmental Groups (LA21 groups in l Improve public transport each District) From the early stages, a high priority l Give greater priority to walking l Community Groups (such as the Pathways Co- and cycling was given by the partner authorities to ensure community participation in the ordinators in each District and other groups This section describes the public development of the LTP and its representing people living in regeneration participation process and highlights the objectives. The aim was to ensure that areas including the Partnership of Parents in results which have then been taken the community input better informed the Newton - an SRB funded project.) forward to aid formulation of the identification of the key priorities in the l Community Transport and Voluntary Merseyside LTP. new Local Transport Plan for Transport organisations Merseyside. The process included: l The Highways Agency Distribution of 20,000 'Connections' THE CONSULTATION AND l newsletters, questionnaires and posters via PARTICIPATION STRATEGY post offices, housing and other council offices, Main Messages from Stage One libraries, and community distribution lists ‘Merseyside Connections’ was the Stage one provided a good response BBC Radio Merseyside phone-in debate theme given to the consultation process l from a wide cross section of the to support the new Local Transport Plan l Staffed displays in shopping centres, community across Merseyside. In total for Merseyside. However, it is the libraries, town halls etc over 1,600 questionnaire forms were intention of the partners to take this returned and over 50 detailed letters of l Advertisements and features in local papers process beyond the submission date of comment from individuals and the LTP, “Public participation” will l Presentations to community and organisations were received. continue through both the ongoing interest groups Overall the consultation showed good development and implementation of the l Distribution of consultation packs to support for the over-arching objectives 5 Year Programme. stakeholders as well as the broad direction of the strategy of the Merseyside LTP. The l Stakeholder workshops As part of the review of the original most significant messages being as MerITS strategy in the lead up to the follows: production of the Provisional LTP, the Ongoing consultation and participation partner authorities carried out a in the development and implementation l Transport and the Environment comprehensive consultation exercise of the Plan has been steered by the 91% of respondents stated they with key stakeholders. This showed Integrated Transport Forum made up of were concerned about the effect that continued strong support for the overall representatives of: traffic pollution is having on health. direction of transport policy in l Merseytravel Merseyside. l Traffic congestion The local authorities This 'full' Local Transport Plan has l 70% of respondents think that traffic been developed following a l Public transport operators congestion is a problem in comprehensive community consultation Merseyside, and ways to combat it l Liverpool Vision exercise, which was carried out in three should feature as a key priority of stages: l Environmental Organisations the LTP. l Transport user groups l Stage One: Widespread Community l Parking Policies Participation (November 1999 to Given the above messages over

31 merseyside LOCAL TRANSPORT PLAN 2001/2-2005/6 OPPORTUNITIES FOR ALL JULY 2000 THE PUBLIC VIEW

60% of respondents stated that they l Routes, frequency and hours of orbital services and links to hospitals and favour higher parking charges with operation of services (in particular the need Liverpool Airport. the extra revenue raised used to for better l Connections between bus and train fund improvements to public services transport, walking and cycling l Accessibility of bus and rail services routes. However respondents were (including the need for more accessible low concerned that such policies should floor buses and easier to use stations) only be introduced on a region wide l Levels of personal safety and security of basis. public transport users l Range of ticketing options available to l Priority needs to be given to passengers pedestrians, cyclists and public l Availability of good and accurate transport users information at all stages of the journey Over 70% of respondents think that policies in the LTP should ensure l More bus priority measures need to greater priority is given to be introduced to reduce bus journey pedestrians, cyclists and public times and protect services from transport users. traffic congestion l Reduce car use when travelling l More Park and Ride schemes need to school to be introduced and existing There was recognition that the schemes need to be improved 'school run' is a major contributor to peak hour congestion on roads and l The LTP should identify and fully traffic problems in the vicinity of evaluate opportunities to develop schools. 84% of respondents are in new high quality public transport favour of reducing the number of systems (such as light rail, guided school trips by car. bus or trolleybus systems) across Merseyside. l Strong support for measures to reduce traffic speeds 80% of respondents indicated that STAGE TWO: they are in favour of more traffic MARKET RESEARCH calming measures, especially in Focus Groups residential areas and in the vicinity of schools. The results of the first stage of the consultation exercise were verified by a l Concerns over the standard of road series of 10 focus groups spread across maintenance the area (five of which are in Pathways This was not only an issue for car areas): drivers. The majority of respondents who do not have access to a car l Knowsley also emphasised the need for l Liverpool (Norris Green and Wavertree) better-maintained footways and l St. Helens (Parr & Eccleston) cycleways. l Sefton (Bootle & Southport) l Wirral (Birkenhead & Moreton) l Making the transport network more accessible for disabled and mobility- In terms of emerging key issues the impaired people focus groups identified the need for:

l Lower public transport fares. l The LTP should seek to deliver a More reliable public transport services. fully integrated public transport l network, with priority being given to l Low-floor, easy-access bus services. improving the: l Reliability of train and bus services

32 THE PUBLIC VIEW

l Greater staff presence and better improvement options were : passenger care training on the public quality alternatives (public transport, transport network. walking and cycling routes) were in place. Furthermore as the majority of Full SMART Package 32% l More frequent bus services and easier to the young people in the Focus Groups Merseyrail improvements 18% understand routes. strongly aspire to owning a car, travel Light Rail system 14% l Better integration between bus and awareness campaigns were identified Park & Ride 9% rail services. as playing a major role in persuading Bus Lanes 8% this key group to make more sensible l More Eco-friendly buses and motor vehicles. use of the car. The main issues relating to bus service l More cycle lanes (segregated & continuous). improvements were: l Traffic calming, especially in the vicinity of On-Street Surveys schools and in residential areas. l More reliable and frequent services; In order to ensure that the results of the l Better integration with other modes; l Safer and more secure pedestrian first stage of consultation and the Focus and environments. Group exercises provide representative l Replacing older buses with modern conclusions for support of the objectives easily accessible vehicles All the Focus Groups concluded that of the LTP, over 500 detailed on-street public transport improvements should interview surveys were conducted at the The survey identified that SMART bus form a key element of the Local following centres across Merseyside: services, where currently available,

Transport Plan, and public transport has l Liverpool present a much better image for bus more chance of reducing car use and travel than traditional bus services. Huyton dependency than either walking or l Safer and more attractive waiting cycling. Particular emphasis should be l Southport environments at bus stops are also given to improving: important. Respondents mentioned the l Bootle The reliability of services; need to provide comprehensive public l Birkenhead and l transport information at all stages of the l The frequency of services; and l St. Helens journey. l Reducing the cost of travel on public Poor environments at local rail stations transport and improving ticketing options. Sampling was used to ensure the views were viewed as a major deterrent, to of a representative cross section of the use, particularly at night. It was felt that However when seeking to encourage population were obtained. the relatively high cost of rail travel is people to use public transport, the The results of the on-street interview not justified by the current standards of Focus Groups identified the need to surveys strongly reaffirmed the views service provision. improve personal safety and reduce the expressed through the earlier public fear of crime. consultation work. The need to better manage the demand Focus Group participants indicated for car travel was also highlighted. This that they would only support effective The need for better public transport was again matched the strong concerns expressed demand management measures if high highlighted. The preferred public transport during stage one that increasing car use

33 merseyside LOCAL TRANSPORT PLAN 2001/2-2005/6 OPPORTUNITIES FOR ALL JULY 2000 THE PUBLIC VIEW

and dependency is harming the designed to improve road safety. The STAGE THREE CONSULTATION environment and resulting in worsening majority of people interviewed thought traffic congestion. Over 50% of people that this should be one of the key To address these views a Key Issues questioned during the on-street priorities of the new LTP. Paper (and questionnaire) was interview surveys indicated that they People viewed cycling on the main circulated to over 3,000 key stakeholder would support the introduction of roads as the most dangerous form of organisations across Merseyside for policies, which would seek to reduce transport. comment during April and May 2000, car commuting. In terms of helping to improve levels of including:

When seeking to achieve this there personal security, people pointed to the l The Chamber of Commerce was very strong support (78%) for the need to provide a safer and more Businesses introduction of Green Commuter Plans. secure environment at bus stop and rail l 60% of people also stated that they stations, as well as along pedestrian l Health sector would support the introduction of routes to and from bus and rail stations. l The Ports and Liverpool Airport policies which would restrict the availability of car parking spaces for l Freight operators commuters, whilst favouring short stay l Public transport operators parking for commuters. l Environmental organisations However when asked whether they would support the introduction of road l Community and voluntary organisations tolling on roads to pay for improvements to the local transport network, the vast 10% (320) of organisations responded majority of people (72%) stated their to the questionnaire, the results of opposition to such a policy. The strongest which again pointed to strong support feelings against the introduction of this for: policy are amongst the 45-65 age group and car users. This is in direct contrast to l The further reallocation of road earlier stage one consultation which space to favour pedestrians, cyclists showed that over 60% of respondents and public transport users would be in favour of increased car parking charges with the extra revenue l The introduction of more SMART / collected being used to fund Quality Bus Partnership corridors improvements to the local transport across Merseyside featuring a network. package of new low floor buses, real time passenger information, high The need to improve road safety and quality waiting facilities, better personal security when travelling was information and bus priority highlighted. Again there was strong measures. support for the introduction of measures

34 THE PUBLIC VIEW

l Stricter central area car parking improve sustainable forms of transport to be effective people felt this controls to discourage car commuting (walking, cycling and public transport), needed to be introduced on a with any extra revenue raised being the review identified a reluctance region-wide basis. used to fund improvements to walking, amongst many car users to make less Efficient Use of the Network cycling and public transport routes. journeys by car. The study also revealed the reluctance of people to l The Plan should give greater priority l The introduction of road user / travel by public transport because of the to pedestrians, the mobility impaired, congestion charging or workplace lack of good information. Similarly, cyclists and public transport users. parking charges if revenue was people were reluctant to cycle, despite used to fund improvements to the introduction of some cycle priority Improving Safety and Accessibility walking, cycling and public transport. measures, due to concerns for personal However respondents felt that such safety. Typically people cited the lack of l The need to improve road safety charges should only be introduced awareness of cyclists by drivers. and levels of personal security following further investment in the across the transport network. public transport network. The review concluded that travel awareness campaigns such as l The need to improve the quality and Merseyside TravelWise, will play an attractiveness of public transport The final element of the consultation increasingly important part in changing services across Merseyside. programme focussed on the proposals attitudes to travel across Merseyside. for Liverpool City Centre. This showed l Strong support for traffic calming over 90% of respondents in favour of especially in the vicinity of schools the measures. SUMMARY and in residential areas.

The key findings from the public l There was widespread ATTITUDES TO TRANSPORT consultation exercise are as follows: acknowledgement of the need to Reducing environmental impact and improve walking and cycling routes To accompany the public consultation encouraging a modal shift in Merseyside. exercise, Merseyside Information l That the provision of a high quality Services (MIS) carried out a l There is widespread public transport network offers the simultaneous review of a range of acknowledgement of the problems greatest potential to improve general different surveys and studies on resulting from increasing car use and levels of accessibility as well as transport carried out across Merseyside dependency, and that measures reducing car dependency. between 1995 and 2000. This should be introduced aimed at confirmed that Merseyside people and reducing peak hour car commuting. To business highlighted similar issues and do this, people tend to favour the FURTHER CONSULTATION themes to those raised through the LTP introduction of Green Commuter Plans consultation. and shifting the balance of long stay Ongoing consultation and public car parking spaces from long stay to involvement lies at the heart of the The study identified that attitudes could short stay shopper parking in town continued development of the LTP. be split into two categories: centres. Monitoring of public attitudes to travel will continue through targetted market Identifying what needs improving: l Better public transport, walking and research and the regular Merseytravel Again people called for the need to cycling routes should be in place Tracking Survey. improve the public transport network before restrictions are introduced on All three stages of consultation on the (through the creation of a fully car use. development of this first LTP pointed to integrated system featuring more the need to ensure the full involvement accessible services, better interchange l There is very little support for the of all members of the community in the points, more ticketing options and better introduction of road tolling as a way ongoing development of the LTP. In information), safer, more attractive of influencing the demand for car particular the programme is seeking to walking and cycling routes, and to travel. People stated that they identify and consult with what are reduce the impact transport has on the would, however, support the termed "difficult to reach" groups of environment. introduction of higher car parking people on the LTP. charges if the extra revenue was As a priority more targeted Attitudes to behavioural change: collected to be used to improve the consultation will be carried out with the Whilst people recognised the need to local transport network. But in order following:

35 merseyside LOCAL TRANSPORT PLAN 2001/2-2005/6 OPPORTUNITIES FOR ALL JULY 2000 OPPORTUNITIES AND OBJECTIVES

INTRODUCTION

The preceding sections have set out the STRENGTHS, WEAKNESSES, context for Merseyside’s LTP and the OPPORTUNITIES AND THREATS nature of the challenge facing the Region; a position which is reinforced In developing the LTP, the partners by the outputs of the public consultation have considered a wide range of and participation exercise undertaken Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities by the partners. This section highlights and Threats (SWOT) which faces the opportunities that exist for the Merseyside’s transport network. The Region and the key part that the LTP results of this SWOT are summarised in has in realising Merseyside’s wider Table 2.4. Strategic Vision for Sustainable, Inclusive, Regeneration. The section concludes by presenting the LTP Vision SETTING THE LTP OBJECTIVES Statement and the four main objectives that have been set for Merseyside’s The policy context and analysis Local Transport Plan presented in the preceding sections, along with the opportunities that currently exist on Merseyside have MERSEYSIDE LTP AND THE been used as inputs to the definition of WIDER STRATEGIC VISION the Local Transport Plan Vision which states: The LTP is designed to support the wider regeneration programme for “The aim of the Plan is to develop a fully Merseyside, complement other policy integrated and sustainable transport network areas and maximise the benefit of other for Merseyside, which supports economic, available funding sources over the next social and environmental regeneration and 5-10 years, The way in which the LTP ensures good access for all in the community” integrates into this process is shown in Figure 2.12. Four main objectives have then been established for the Local Transport

37 merseyside LOCAL TRANSPORT PLAN 2001/2-2005/6 OPPORTUNITIES FOR ALL JULY 2000 STRATEGY DEVELOPMENT PROGRAMME

OVERVIEW l the main problems for movement within the area.

he partners have developed a l appropriate solutions to the Tsystematic approach to the identified problems dependent on development of the LTP which the characteristics of the location. accords with the guidance issued by the DETR. The overall approach Figure 3.2 shows the main corridors is presented in Figure 3.1. This and centres identified in Merseyside: highlights the need to ensure that l THE CENTRES: are the main centres in the Transport Strategy fits with Merseyside, together with the two 'gateways' wider policy objectives and that of the Port of Liverpool and Liverpool Airport. the LTP objectives that are adopted address clearly defined problems l THE CORRIDORS: are the main corridors of and opportunities (these issues are movement between these centres, together addressed in Section 2 of the LTP). with their regional and national links. Within this approach the partners also Having set the LTP Objectives, the next identified the key Pathways areas and stages of the process needs to identify SSDA's, the linking up of which by the preferred Transport Strategy attractive and sustainable travel choices through the application of the New is a key priority of this first LTP. Approach to Appraisal (NATA) criteria; In essence, the corridors and centres develop the range of strategy approach assumes that there are components; and the range of different types of travel demand to be proposals for the LTP. This is then addressed depending on the location. followed by the development of an Clearly this approach does not cover Implementation Programme (covered in the whole area, but focuses on key Section 4 of this document) and the locations with particular characteristics. need to set comprehensive Targets and While the LTPs policies, naturally for a performance indicators together with metropolitan area, remain urban based, proposals for monitoring the LTP there is also a need to identify the (covered in Section 5). countryside areas within Merseyside as areas with particular characteristics which may require separate IDENTIFYING THE RIGHT consideration. This is covered in “Rural MEASURES FOR THE Issues” in the Transport & Accessibility RIGHT LOCATIONS Themes.

To aid the review and appraisal of LTP components, the partners have defined ROAD HIERARCHY the main centres and corridors in the Region. This is a continuation of the The roads of Merseyside in each approach adopted in the Provisional corridor and centre have been assigned LTP. a place in an agreed hierarchy so that the role of each is clearly stated and The Corridors and Centres Approach understood within the strategy of the LTP. The plan sub-divides Merseyside into a At the highest level are the Strategic number of centres and corridors - i.e. Routes. These are Trunk and Principal where people and goods are going and Roads, which includes Motorways and the route taken to get there. This other classified roads. They cater for approach assists in identifying: heavy volumes of longer-distance

45 merseyside LOCAL TRANSPORT PLAN 2001/2-2005/6 OPPORTUNITIES FOR ALL JULY 2000 STRATEGY DEVELOPMENT PROGRAMME

LOCATION ROLE OF ROAD JUSTIFICATION HIERARCHY DESIRED MODE HIERARCHY

STRATEGIC ROUTES l Principal links to regional road network for people & goods 1. Freight WITH PRIORITY l Main routes for through travel 2. Public Transport FOR FREIGHT l Main access to distributor roads from outside area 3. Cars MOVEMENT l Essential role as bypass for traffic from more sensitive areas 4. Pedestrian l Parallel routes or total segregation for cyclists 5. Cyclists

STRATEGIC ROUTES l Chosen as the strategic routes for public transport 1. Public Transport WITH PRIORITY l Main routes for through travel 2. Goods Service Vehicles FOR PUBLIC l Main access to distributor roads from outside area 3. Cars TRANSPORT l Essential role as bypass for general traffic from more sensitive areas 4. Pedestrians l Parallel routes or total segregation for cyclists 5. Cyclists

OTHER l Strategic route but without particular priority for freight or 1. All motorised traffic STRATEGIC public transport 2. Pedestrians ROUTES l Essential role as bypass for general traffic to keep it out of more 3. Cyclists sensitive areas

l Parallel routes or total segregation for cyclists

LOCAL l Collect traffic from the Service and Residential Estate Roads and provide 1. Public Transport (where DISTRIBUTOR access to the Strategic Network (and vice versa) appropriate) ROADS l Help to keep local through-traffic out of residential roads or Town 2. Service Delivery Vehicles Centre Roads 3. Cars l Inappropriate for longer-distance through-traffic having no business in 4. Pedestrians the 5. Cyclists (where part of the immediate area cycle network, cyclists move to l Parallel routes for cyclists preferred, but where traffic speeds are suitably priority 2)

RESIDENTIAL AREAS l Provide immediate access for all groups by all modes between houses in 1. Pedestrians residential areas and the local distributor roads 2. Cyclists l Provide high-quality, safe and secure environment for residents 3. Public Transport l Roads appropriate for use by pedestrians and cyclists 4. Service Vehicles l Feed into designated cycle network 5. Cars l Through-traffic, having no business in the area is deterred.

SERVICE ROADS l Provide immediate service access 1. Pedestrians l Provide access for buses and taxis to most convenient stopping places in 2. Cyclists the centre 3. Buses l Provide access to cycle & motor vehicle parking 4. Taxis l Through-traffic (ie that having no business in the centre) is inappropriate 5. Delivery vehicles and to be discouraged 6. Car-borne shoppers etc 7. Car-borne commuters

PEDESTRIANISED l Free movement of pedestrians achieved by total segregation 1. Pedestrians inc disabled ROADS pedestrians

Table 3.1 : Merseyside’s Road User Hierarchy

46 STRATEGY DEVELOPMENT PROGRAMME

traffic, to keep it out of more sensitive summarises the work that has been areas. RESIDENTIAL ROADS undertaken (Full details are contained in Next in the hierarchy are the Local the Local Transport Plan - Technical Distributor Roads. Previously, many of As well as giving direct access to Appendices). these were classified as 'C' Roads. properties, these roads also provide the These provide the connection between setting for the home environment for the The Single Integrated Public Transport Strategic Routes and the third category majority of people in an urban area. As Network was one of the key themes of in the hierarchy, which are the such they are characterised by the need the Provisional Local Transport Plan. Residential Roads which provide direct for low speeds of traffic, priority for Studies that have been undertaken to access in residential areas and Service pedestrians and cyclists, and an develop this theme include: and Access Roads which have a similar environment which feels safe, secure and role in shopping or business areas. attractive. l A series of area studies, covering the whole of Merseyside which reviewed the scope for a range of public STRATEGIC ROUTES SERVICE AND ACCESS ROADS transport options including bus priorities; SMART; Guided Bus; These are divided into three categories: In Town Centres there is ideally Intermediate Modes (trolleybuses segregation between roads giving etc.); Light Rail Transit (LRT) and 1) Strategic Routes with priority for access for vehicles to premises or railway improvements. This included Freight Movement parking, and those which have been a series of workshops with all the given over entirely to pedestrians. partners to identify options for 2) Strategic Routes with priority for appraisal. Public Transport APPLICATION OF THE ROUTE l Merseyside Interchange Strategy - a 3) Other Strategic Routes without the AND ROAD USER HIERARCHY comprehensive review of above priorities but which still interchange opportunities across perform an essential role to protect In general, classification of roads has Merseyside to improve linkages other areas from through-traffic. followed their existing role. However, in between bus, rail and ferry services. preparing the Local Transport Plan, On these roads, specific provision for their actual characteristics have been l Merseyside Information Strategy - a cyclists and pedestrians is either in the examined. Having defined the priorities review of public transport form of full segregation, or if that cannot (hierarchy) for each centre and corridor, information provision including the be provided, on parallel routes. an appropriate package of measures requirements of the national has then been identified. In combination PTI2000 programme and the scope these form the “Centres and Corridors” for integrated bus-rail travel programme in the Local Transport Plan. information. (Full details of the proposals for each LOCAL DISTRIBUTOR ROADS Centre and Corridor are contained in l Merseyside Park & Ride Strategy - a the Local Transport Plan - Technical county-wide review of the potential Many Local Distributor Roads are Appendices). The full definition of the for increasing Park & Ride facilities located within residential areas and are Road User hierarchy is shown in Table at Merseyrail stations and other fronted by houses. Although they would 3.1. Its application across Merseyside is strategic sites on the edges of the be considered the busier roads in an shown in Figure 3.3 conurbation. estate, their use must still be sensitive Liverpool City Centre Is the key focus to to this dual role. Some Local Distributor the regeneration of the City-Region. Roads will carry buses to serve a local SUMMARY OF RESEARCH Alongside the wider Liverpool Vision area, linking it to a Strategic Route that AND STUDIES initiative, Merseytravel and Liverpool has priority for public transport. City Council have undertaken the City In some cases, where traffic The Local Transport Plan is based on Centre Movement Strategy to develop conditions are appropriate, Local extensive research and a series of major an integrated package of transport Distributor Roads may appear on the studies. These have been used to inform improvements to complement the wider Cycle network. However in general, the partners on a range of key issues and development programme. parallel routes are to be preferred for the results have been used to formulate cyclists. the proposals contained in the Local Merseyside Freight Strategy The Transport Plan. This section briefly expanding role of the Merseyside Ports

47 merseyside LOCAL TRANSPORT PLAN 2001/2-2005/6 OPPORTUNITIES FOR ALL JULY 2000 STRATEGY DEVELOPMENT PROGRAMME

is central to the regeneration of the region. The Strategy has been developed to review the likely growth in freight traffic and develop a series of proposals for a Sustainable Freight policy.

Health Impact Assessment As an Objective 1 area, Merseyside is faced with a series of social deprivation issues including poor health. As part of a wider policy initiative with the Region's Health Authorities, the Merseyside Partners have pioneered a Health Impact Assessment of the emerging elements of the Local Transport Plan.

48 merseyside LOCAL TRANSPORT PLAN 2001/2-2005/6 OPPORTUNITIES FOR ALL JULY 2000 STRATEGY ALTERNATIVES

he partners’ LTP objectives have Tbeen defined to support Merseyside’s regeneration programme. To ensure that the emerging LTP fully meets these objectives three broad alternatives have been considered. These are:

l ALTERNATIVE 1: An environment -focused Strategy l ALTERNATIVE 2: A development - focused Strategy l ALTERNATIVE 3: A regeneration - focused Strategy

Table 3.2 provides a summary of the Performance of each alternative assessed against DETR’s NATA criteria. The analysis concludes that the SUSTAINABLE, INCLUSIVE, REGENERATION alternative best meets the requirements of the Merseyside LTP. The table also highlights the improved performance of the alternative with the addition of the four Major Schemes proposed within the first LTP. Further details of the performance of each alternative are presented in the Simplified Appraisal Summary Tables (tables 3.3-3.6).

51 merseyside LOCAL TRANSPORT PLAN 2001/2-2005/6 OPPORTUNITIES FOR ALL JULY 2000 THE 10 YEAR TRANSPORT STRATEGY FOR MERSEYSIDE

long-term Transport Strategy elements, providing full details of Authority parking Enforcement Ahas been developed for Merseyside's public transport network, areas, Home Zones, in residential Merseyside. The aim of the 10 Year regional, national and international areas and Clear Zones to protect Strategy is to provide a transport connections, and information on traffic conservation areas and other system to rival the best in Europe. conditions and parking availability and sensitive locations; news on tourist sites and events taking l A high quality infrastructure as a The Strategy features the following place in the region; result of a co-ordinated programme elements: l Strategic route signing for general of principal road maintenance, traffic and freight movements to, from bridge strengthening and lighting l A fully implemented Centre of and within Merseyside directing traffic improvements across Merseyside; Excellence programme for Public to appropriate routes avoiding busy l An expanding role for sustainable Transport and Transport Planning; local and district centres, with variable freight movements with designated l A fully integrated Public Transport message signing guiding traffic to off- freight routes to and from the Port of Network featuring: street car parking in Liverpool City Liverpool and Garston Docks and

l Network-wide station improvement Centre and Merseyside's other main new roll on/roll off facilities in Bootle and a fleet of new trains for the town centres; and at Twelve Quays. Also new rail Merseyrail network running to the l An Airport Surface Access Strategy for links to the docks and new multi- highest standards of safety, reliability, Liverpool Airport which maximises the modal Freight interchanges; punctuality and cleanliness; use of public transport by employees l Improvements to regional and national and passengers by providing a high links with the new West Coast Extensions of the rail network in l quality local bus network, dedicated mainline rail services to London Woodchurch, St. Helens and Kirkby with a bus links to Allerton Interchange for Euston, improved road and rail links to series of new stations and the introduction convenient access to the local and Manchester, and an expanding choice of improved frequencies on the regional rail network, and express of destinations served by Liverpool and Lime Street - Allerton line; coach services direct to the upgraded Airport; l A 3-line LRT network as a Lime Street Station and the City l Expanded and more frequent ferry complement to the rail network to Centre's main hotels; connections with the Isle of Man, provide a full Merseyside-wide l A comprehensive improvement in the Belfast and Dublin; network to all the main centres and city centre including Lime Street l Increased travel awareness and Strategic Spatial Development sites; Gateway, improvements on all the reduced Crime and fear of crime l An extensive network of high quality approaches, pedestrian priority areas through the TravelWise and bus services with newer vehicles, linking the core of the city centre to the TravelSafe programmes with fully accessible and with low Waterfront, improvements to traffic Commuter Travel Plans, Safe emissions, operating across the flows and more efficient use of the Routes to School initiatives and strategic network with high levels of major car parks, high quality Health Action Zones being common- priority and segregation to meet interchange between rail, LRT, bus place; agreed reliability and punctuality and ferry and a high quality public l All Merseyside's centres thriving as targets; realm and signing for the increased the focal points for new l County-wide provision of number of city centre residents, development, local services and interchange points to provide high businesses, employees, shoppers, community and neighbourhood levels of accessibility for all students, visitors and tourists. There facilities and served by accessible residents and visitors to the full will be Clear Zones where appropriate; and well-lit walking and cycling range of opportunities, services and l Improvements for cyclists across routes and the single, integrated amenities in the county; Merseyside including a public transport network. l Merseyside-wide park & ride comprehensive network of dedicated l An integrated land use and transport facilities at all the main rail stations cycle routes, secure cycle parking in strategy for sustainable freight and at strategic sites on the edge of the centres, at rail stations and distribution: investing in rail and road the conurbation to limit the volume interchanges and other key improvements to improve access of traffic on the principal road locations; and environmental conditions; network; l More priority to pedestrians, cyclists promoting freight transfer from road l A modern, up-to-date integrated and public transport with the to rail with new intermodal facilities, information system, including real time introduction of widespread Local and a particular focus on new Port-

57 merseyside LOCAL TRANSPORT PLAN 2001/2-2005/6 OPPORTUNITIES FOR ALL JULY 2000 THE 5 YEAR PLAN MERSEYSIDE LOCAL TRANSPORT PLAN

l the installation of enforcement interchange easier and safer. INTRODUCTION cameras on bus lanes; The interchanges will include: he 5 Year LTP consists of a l improvement programmes for driver T training. and series of Countywide measures, l Clean, modern shelters; Centre and Corridor proposals and l CCTV and security measures; Major Schemes. This section l SMART buses as the standard. provides an overview of all the key l High quality lighting and signing ; elements. The LTP proposals are The Rail Network l Secure cycle parking facilities; shown in Figure 3.4 - 3.8. The LTP proposes a comprehensive l Well lit, cycle and walking routes to/from upgrade of the rail system. This will interchanges; COUNTY WIDE MEASURES include: l High quality information systems including Public Transport real time information at key locations; and l the current franchise to operate the l Staff (at major interchanges only). The Local Transport Plan proposes the Merseyrail services will be re- creation of a single, integrated public negotiated and re-launched in 2001. transport network for Merseyside. This As part of this process a complete Information Strategy will provide a high quality system that is set of new trains will replace the easy to use, safe, clean, reliable and existing fleet; A new information system of maps, punctual, and allows easy access to all timetables, helplines and other facilities of Merseyside's facilities - for jobs, l a county-wide programme of will be introduced to aid easy movement shopping, leisure activities, tourism and improvements to 25 of the county's around the network. Improvements will business. 78 stations including improved include: signing, lighting, refurbishment, and security measures; l a countywide "underground" style THE KEY COMPONENTS map showing all major rail, bus (and l The Bus Network additional and improved parking future Light Rail Transit (LRT)) routes, provision at Merseyrail stations to and highlighting links with the national As part of the overall public transport encourage rail park & ride; rail network, ferries, the airport and all network, proposals for the bus network the new interchange points; include: l in Liverpool City Centre the four underground Merseyrail stations will l full details of all destinations at key l a comprehensive bus shelter be comprehensively upgraded with locations - e.g. interchanges and programme introducing 315 new improvements to the appearance of bus stations; shelters a year; ticket halls, escalators and platforms. l simple corridor maps showing all l a rolling programme of investment local bus and rail services and by the operators in new buses; Interchange Strategy connections; l a county-wide programme of The improvements and investment in l local area maps/guides based on "selective vehicle detection" (SVD) the various public transport modes will city, town and district centres measures at traffic signals that will be complemented by the introduction of showing bus and rail services and a give priority to buses; a county-wide programme of public guide to local facilities; transport interchanges. These purpose- l a programme of bus priority built facilities will improve access l a new, easier to use, timetable for schemes to be introduced in the around the county by providing linkages individual bus and rail services. main corridors and centres across between bus, rail, ferry, airport and light Merseyside. The programme rail with safe, secure, interchange points Mersey Ferries includes over 90km of bus lanes; which feature high quality information systems and links to local facilities. The The Mersey Ferries are an important key to this strategy is to make feature of the local public transport

59 merseyside LOCAL TRANSPORT PLAN 2001/2-2005/6 OPPORTUNITIES FOR ALL JULY 2000 THE 5 YEAR PLAN : Merseyside Local Transport Plan

network - for commuter and leisure use. A Merseyside cycle network will be l Education Training and Publicity Proposals for the Ferries include: introduced which links main programmes include: l a strategy for the river cruise and employment and education sites with l Interactive presentations in Primary charter market and the development surrounding residential areas. It and Secondary Schools; of the cross-river commuter market; combines on and off-road routes. The Cycle Training; five year County-wide programme l l a comprehensive development of concentrates on the introduction of a l Safer Routes to School Campaign. the Pier Head terminal facilities; core network featuring links between each SSDA and local residential areas. Wider improvements to safety and l further developments of the security are also planned particularly in terminal and Seacombe Other cycle measures include: residential areas. These include Annexe; improvements in l provision of cycle parking at public l a continuous repairs and renewals transport interchanges at l street lighting; and strategy for the Ferry services and appropriate new developments assets; l traffic calming (home zones) to l arrangements for cycles to be reduce the speed and amount of l Engine replacements for two carried by rail and ferry traffic. vessels. l other facilities for cyclists to be Urban Traffic Control provided by employers in green OTHER COUNTY-WIDE commuter plans (eg showers and UTC improves the efficiency of the MEASURES changing facilities, secure cycle highway network by electronic Walking storage) monitoring and control. It encompasses a range of measures from basic traffic In the five-year programme, many l promotion of cycling through signal time between vehicles and highway and traffic management TravelWise Campaigns pedestrians, through to sophisticated schemes will offer the opportunity to computerised systems, which link enhance the safety and facilities for Road Safety and Urban adjoining junctions, optimise throughput, pedestrians. Safety Management or offer selective priority for particular types of traffic such as buses. Measures for pedestrians include: The programme in the LTP is in line The County-wide five-year programme with the Government's Road Safety includes an allocation for renewal of l The introduction of pedestrian Strategy Review: 'Tomorrow's Roads - existing equipment, as well as the priority areas across the city centre - Safer for Everyone', and takes into introduction of new systems. featuring improved paving and account the special need to reduce In addition to this, the next five years lighting, priority over traffic at child casualties. will see new developments of UTC junctions and improved signing; The type of measures to be introduced technology to include: Pollution include: Monitoring, Automatic Traffic Counting, l Greater priority for pedestrians with Variable Message Signing and other particular attention to access points l new pedestrian crossings and traffic linked uses in Telematics including into local centres (shopping, leisure, signals, modifications to signalised control strategies and traveller employment, education); and priority controlled junctions; information as delivered by Integrated Urban Traffic Management Control l traffic-calming; systems. Safety improvements; l Improving and extending the l anti-skid treatment to road surfaces Road Maintenance pedestrian environment (new at key junctions; footways and footpaths, The LTP has a five and ten year maintenance, signage, cleanliness, l red-light/speed cameras; programme for the structural removal of obstructions and maintenance of Principal Roads in personal security). l street lighting improvements; Merseyside. The schemes in the programme are to renew those lengths l changes to signs and lines; of road, which will reach the end of their Cycling predicted life within the programme

60 THE 5 YEAR PLAN : Merseyside Local Transport Plan

period. Examples are provided later in the MAJOR SCHEMES Similarly, the partners have agreed a Local Transport Plan. joint programme for the structural The 5 year LTP features four major renewal of highway bridges. A high Schemes (each costing more than £5 proportion of the bridges still to be million) as part of the overall strategy. In treated are owned by Railtrack, and the order of priority, these are: programme assumes close co-operation with them. Light Rail Transit (LRT) The five year programme also includes proposals to renew street The single integrated public transport lighting to ensure that all equipment on network is designed to provide a high Principal roads is designed to modern quality alternative to car use. As part of standards. this integrated approach Light Rail Transit can contribute by offering:

Freight l a high quality rail-based transit system; high levels of segregated operation; The ability to move freight efficiently to l and from the ports and industrial areas l an electrically powered system - bringing is crucial to the economic health and noise and air pollution improvements. attractiveness of Merseyside. The LTP proposes a long-term The three line network would serve sustainable distribution strategy areas not connected by Merseyrail supported by an integrated package of including Croxteth, Kirkby-Gillmoss transport measures. The key elements SSD; Old Swan and Page Moss; and a of the strategy are: link to South Liverpool. In the city centre the LRT will also provide links between l A land use strategy which identifies Lime Street, the city centre core and the strategic locations for freight Waterfront. In the LTP the first line distribution and inter-modal facilities linking the Waterfront, City Centre, Croxteth and Kirkby will be promoted l The enhancement of a strategic rail with construction planned for the end of and road network to improve freight the 5 year period, subject to the access and maximise modal choice necessary powers and funding being awarded. The proposed first line and full l The development of a Freight network are shown in Figure 3.5. Quality Partnership. Hall Lane Area Improvements Access to the Port of Liverpool is central to the strategy, because of the This is a major scheme providing a new volume of freight movements it currently link to bypass Hall Lane in Liverpool (see generates and the potential for further Figure 3.6). This is one of the main growth to support Merseyside's 'gateways' to Liverpool City Centre and is regeneration. Similarly, access to on the strategic freight route from the M62 Garston Docks and the new via Edge Lane. At present, the traffic on development at Twelve Quays features Hall Lane suffers delays and extensive in the strategy. queuing on its way to the City and has a detrimental environmental effect on the Kensington 'New Deal' area, where there CENTRES AND CORRIDORS is a major regeneration initiative. The scheme makes specific provision for The LTP identifies all the major centres pedestrians and cyclists, and will yield and corridors in Merseyside each of environmental benefits and opportunities which has its own “INTEGRATED for bus priority on parallel roads. It also SOLUTION” brings development opportunities at the nearby Liverpool University and Royal

61 merseyside LOCAL TRANSPORT PLAN 2001/2-2005/6 OPPORTUNITIES FOR ALL JULY 2000 LTP OBJECTIVES AND GUIDING PRINCIPLES

o ensure that the transport Tnetwork plays its full role in helping to meet the overall adopted Vision for the area the over-arching Objectives for the local transport system have been established.

These are supported by a series of Guiding Principles and Key Goals that have been devised as a way of guiding the Local Transport Plan to meet these objectives and to identifying the LTP measures that will be required. The following key issues run throughout all the objectives: Sustainability Social inclusion Integration

The objectives provide the basis for the determination of appropriate indicators and the setting of targets which will be used to measure the overall performance of the Plan, within the context of the new system of Best Value Local Performance Plans. (Section 5 covers these details). The following tables (Tables 3.7-3.10) present each Objective of the LTP with its Guiding Principles and Key Goals. This highlights the linkages between each Objective and the measures and proposals that are contained within the LTP.

67 merseyside LOCAL TRANSPORT PLAN 2001/2-2005/6 OPPORTUNITIES FOR ALL JULY 2000 INTEGRATED SOLUTIONS Liverpool City Centre

egeneration is the key theme of Rmuch of the work which is l Short listing of the Waterfront and currently taking place in part of the City Centre as a Merseyside. As the focal point for UNESCO World Heritage Site. much of the economic activity in Merseyside, the city centre has an l Expansion of the University important role to play. campuses including new library facilities and student accommodation. This key role has been recognised through the development of a number of Transport within and to the city centre is initiatives including; vital to these regeneration initiatives, both contributing to their successful l Designation of the City Centre as a implementation by providing a high level Strategic Spatial Development area of accessibility and in managing the (SSDA) as part of the Merseyside consequences in terms of traffic growth. Objective 1 programme. For these reasons a “City Centre Movement Strategy” has been l Creation of the Liverpool Vision developed by Merseytravel and urban regeneration company to . This forms the promote the regeneration of basis of the transport element of Liverpool City Centre with a wide Liverpool Vision’s Strategy Document. range of public and private sector partners. BACKGROUND - TRANSPORT l City Centre Living Strategy which ASSETS AND PROBLEMS aims to increase the residential population of the centre from 9000 A review of transport provision and to 30,000. movements in the city centre highlighted a number of assets and also problems: l Interest in a number of major Assets development sites including the Lime Street Station - national rail gateway proposed Paradise Street Retail l to the city. Area and King's Dock. l Four underground rail stations.

73 merseyside LOCAL TRANSPORT PLAN 2001/2-2005/6 OPPORTUNITIES FOR ALL JULY 2000 INTEGRATED SOLUTIONS: Liverpool City Centre

Queen Square and Paradise Street bus l OBJECTIVES & STRATEGIES such as widened footways, stations, serving over 10 million people improved pedestrian crossings, per year. The City Centre Movement consistent and clear signing and l / Kingsway Tunnel. Strategy seeks to: better maintenance and security on l Major multi-storey car parks. l improve accessibility to the city centre to aid an area basis. economic regeneration and to provide access l Mersey Ferries. for all. The first area for treatment would l Norton Street Coach Station. extend from the Lime Street create a people friendly city centre that is l Gateway to the Waterfront and safe, clean and attractive for work, incorporate Dale Street, Castle shopping, business, tourism and leisure. Problems Street and improved pedestrian l make best use of the city centre's key facilities across the Strand. Lime Street has poor pedestrian crossing l transport assets - the Merseyrail stations, facilities and poor passenger information bus facilities, ferries and major car parks. Within the residential areas, the direction signing for onward movement into development of 20 mph/home zone the city centre. It is severed from the city l support the improvement of the city centre's approach could be used to develop centre by the adjacent road system. architecture and townscape. the community 'enclaves'. To assist l ensure that measures can be funded and l Severance from residential communities and tourists a more extensive tourist trail along the Waterfront. implemented. is proposed. l Rail station environments are poor, access is difficult and quality information is required. These objectives could be met through ii. High Quality Public Transport a variety of approaches. Three Corridors. There are three l Bus issues including quality, 'over bussing' approaches were tested using the New elements to the public transport along certain routes and on-street layover. Approach to Assessment (NATA) corridors shown in Figure 3.10: l Poor public realm and lack of pedestrian techniques, as established by DETR, facilities particularly within the city centre. these were: 1 Rail - Lime Street and the Merseyrail stations are significant city centre l Poor information and signing for all users. l A 'car free' city centre which would involve the introduction of car restraint measures. assets. However they are in need of l Management and enforcement of upgrading including improved safety A car priority approach which open the city public realm. l and greater staff presence, centre to all traffic l The eastern approaches to the city. improved signing, better interchange l A balanced approach which prioritised facilities/signage between rail sustainable modes but also provided for services and buses, taxis and access by car. pedestrian links and upgrading stations and maintenance. The results of the analysis indicated Developing the Central Underground that the balanced approach was most Station flagship project to serve the closely aligned with national and local new retail core. policy objectives and would produce the greatest benefits in terms of the NATA 2 High Quality Public Transport routes criteria. - Two cross-city centre routes have been identified which complement the existing rail network. These COMPONENTS OF THE routes will form a network of high BALANCED APPROACH quality services operating using LRT technology and running along routes The balanced approach is made up of that are mostly separated from other three elements: traffic, and directly serving key areas of the city centre. i. Pedestrian Priority Areas. These consist of pedestrian and cycle 3 Key Bus Routes along these routes, friendly areas but do not necessarily measures will reduce delays to involve extensive pedestrianisation buses giving them priority over other (see Figure 3.9). The approach traffic. would be to introduce measures

74 INTEGRATED SOLUTIONS: Liverpool City Centre

l Extend on-street parking control. iii. Traffic/Parking Circulation Plan. l Improve enforcement through Local There are three elements to this Authority control. strategy.

1 Strategic Road Network. This Other improvements which will be network will form a series of high incorporated include better information quality access ways into the city for car park users and upgrading of the centre while reducing the amount of car parks themselves. through traffic, by removing a number of the existing cross city strategic routes.

2 Local Road Network. This network will meet local access requirements and loading /unloading requirements of local business. Many of these routes will fall within the pedestrian priority areas and will be subject to the measures described above.

Following an assessment of the main routes within the centre a series of networks have been developed these are shown on Figure 3.11. The major approaches to the city have been identified as areas for further studies and will be worked up into proposals with partners.

2 Parking. Control of parking will be an important element of the strategy. The City Council has a City Centre Parking Policy which aims to:

l Cap parking provision in the city at 16,500 spaces.

l Shift the balance of parking provision from long to short stay.

l Provision of Variable Message Signing at the edge of the city to the major multi-storey car parks.

75 merseyside LOCAL TRANSPORT PLAN 2001/2-2005/6 OPPORTUNITIES FOR ALL JULY 2000 INTEGRATED SOLUTIONS Southport

he transportation strategy for Providing strong links between the new other park and ride site at Fairways has TSouthport aims to ensure the facility and the railway station will be an space for 1000 vehicles and currently town's continuing success in retail, integral part of the proposals. operates only on Sundays. This site is tourism, leisure and business. being improved and will be open 6 days Bus priority measures a week during the holiday season. This means maintaining good access to However, the Council recognise that the town, easing circulation within the Southport will benefit from the traffic entering Southport from the east town and enhancing the environment Merseyside wide programme of bus (along the A570) is not served by any both in the town centre and surrounding priority measures, with selective vehicle park and ride facilities, unless it goes residential areas. The strategy is based detection provided on important bus through the town to the existing sites. around three key themes, central to all corridors at four key signal-controlled Therefore, Sefton Council is proposing transport strategies in Sefton: junctions. These measures will allow a new 1000 space park and ride facility buses to negotiate the junctions with on the eastern edge of the town, which l Economic regeneration minimal delay. will be integrated with both the extended controlled parking zone and l Attractive alternatives to the car Parking controls the two existing park and ride sites. l Environmental improvement A controlled parking zone has been in Traffic management force in Southport town centre since In accordance with these themes, the 1993. In February 2000, Sefton Council Although Southport does not suffer main aims of the Southport strategy are took over responsibility for enforcing significant commuter-related ; parking restrictions by adopting local congestion, it does have to cope with l To manage transport demand and maximise authority parking enforcement (LAPE) heavy traffic levels trying to enter the the use of the existing transport network. powers. An integral part of the transport town during the holiday season and for strategy for Southport is to extend the major events, such as the Air Show, the To make public transport more attractive l controlled parking zone and impose a Fireworks competition and the Flower and increase its use. greater control on the numbers of Show. The largest of these events, the l To manage local and visitor trips within vehicles entering the town centre. This Air Show, attracted 300,000 visitors in Southport. will be combined with the provision of 1999, 62% of whom came by car. additional park and ride spaces to Management of this traffic is therefore a l To increase the use of non-motorised forms of transport, i.e. cycling and walking. compensate for the reduced number of critical element of the strategy. Two of spaces in the extended controlled the main junctions on the approach to l To improve pedestrian facilities in the town parking zone. The LAPE powers will the town ( and Kew centre and at the seafront. enable the Council to make sure that roundabouts) will be re-designed to l To maintain and improve the environment. the restrictions are effective. improve traffic flow and the traffic signal control system SCOOT is being Park and ride introduced in the town centre to improve COMPONENTS OF both circulation and through traffic THE STRATEGY A successful park and ride service has flows. operated in Southport since 1993, when The proposals for Southport Town the Esplanade park and ride site Centre are shown in Figures 3.13 and opened. The site operates 6 days a We are also seeking to prepare event 3.14 and described below: week and contains 600 spaces with an management strategies in co-operation overflow area capable of with event organisers to ensure that as Public transport interchange accommodating a further 900 vehicles. many people as possible are able to In February 1999, new single-decker enjoy the experience of coming to The lack of adequate public transport environmentally friendly gas-fuelled Southport. interchange facilities in Southport will be buses were introduced to serve the park addressed through the upgrading of the and ride site. A new visitor centre is Cycling measures existing railway station and the planned for the Esplanade site as part provision of a new bus station and of a programme of improvements to the Encouraging people to cycle instead of interchange next to the railway station. park and ride services in Southport. The using their cars is an important

81 merseyside LOCAL TRANSPORT PLAN 2001/2-2005/6 OPPORTUNITIES FOR ALL JULY 2000 INTEGRATED SOLUTIONS: Southport

Environmental improvements contribution to reducing traffic and commitment of several parties, including supporting more sustainable means of As an important centre for tourists and Railtrack, West Lancashire District Council transport. Segregated cycleways have visitors, Southport's environment, in and Lancashire County Council. Sefton is already been provided along the coastal terms of air quality, sense of space, committed, however, to developing and route and part of Bentham's Way and visual appearance and history is very improving cross-boundary links as a basis advanced stop lines have also been important. Significant environmental for improving Southport's external rail links. provided at eight junctions. There are improvements have already been proposals for establishing an extensive achieved along Lord Street and on School Travel Plans cycle network including the provision of Marine Drive. Further schemes are more cycleways, marked advisory proposed on Eastbank Street in the The 'school run' is acknowledged by routes, signed advisory routes, town centre and at Churchtown village. national Government as a significant advanced stop lines at junctions and a transport management issue. One way significant increase in cycle parking Planning issues of tackling this is to support the facilities in the town centre and at the development of school travel plans. In seafront. Sefton Council's Unitary Development the Southport area, five schools have Plan is currently under review and the already started to develop travel plans Pedestrian environment revised plan will incorporate the and these numbers will increase over transport strategy for Southport and the lifetime of the LTP. The town centre shopping area is vital integrate it with the land use proposals for the success of Southport as a whole and policies. Part of these revised Safety and we are seeking to enhance this strategies will be the requirements area for pedestrians. This will include imposed on new developments for Improving the safety of all transport measures to make the pedestrian transport assessments, green transport users, especially road users, is an over- environment both more attractive, plans and, in some cases, contributions arching principle applied throughout the enjoyable and, above all, safe. to transport infrastructure Merseyside LTP. The rail station Significant progress has already been improvements. The proposed leisure improvements and new bus made along Lord Street and Chapel development at Ocean Plaza and the station/interchange will include Street is now the centre of attention. mixed retail and commercial measures such as CCTV and lighting to The Council proposes the development at Derby Road have assure passenger security. New road pedestrianisation of Chapel Street, already been subject to these safety schemes for 2000/01 are which will provide better conditions for requirements. proposed at the junctions of Lord Street shoppers and improve pedestrian External rail links West/Duke Street and Duke access to the railway station (and Street/Talbot Street. Road safety proposed interchange). Links from the Southport is well served by rail links to promotion, especially in schools, is an town centre to the seafront are also south Sefton and Liverpool (via Merseyrail ongoing commitment of Sefton Council. important and these will be enhanced Northern Line) and to Wigan and by the provision of more signing, Manchester (via First North Western pedestrian crossings where necessary Trains). There is a long-standing concern and, in particular, the restoration of in the town, however, over the absence of Marine Parade bridge and the rail links to Ormskirk and Preston. pedestrianisation of Scarisbrick Avenue. Addressing this issue is a long term goal and will require the involvement and

82 INTEGRATED SOLUTIONS St Helens

t. Helens Town Centre has a Buses, taxis, cyclists, servicing and operation and condition of the car parks SCentre Manager who answers access traffic, including car parking has been started, the overall number of to the Town Centre Partnership traffic is able to gain access to the parking spaces in the Town Centre (on- Group consisting of representatives Town Centre from the Ring Road via street and off-street) has been capped from business, St. Helens College these cells but only buses/taxis/cyclists and a number of long-stay (commuter ) and the Council. The Town Centre can pass through the centre; all other spaces have been converted to shopper Manager conducts regular through traffic is directed around the spaces. meetings with council officers and ring road. This minimises the amount of PUBLIC TRANSPORT other representatives to agree the traffic inside the ring road, thereby Bus way forward on issues such as minimising air pollution and signing, car parking and other vehicle/pedestrian conflicts. A new staffed bus station has been built transport related matters in a recently with a travel shop, CCTV working partnership arrangement. Ring Road surveillance and public toilets. A number of sections of highway within the centre are The proposals for the town centre Anticipated completion by the end of now restricted to bus/taxi only which improvement programme are shown in June 2000, this road picks up all the reduces delay and new, high quality Figure 3.15 and described below. radial routes coming into the Town shelters have been introduced throughout Centre and particularly those passing the Centre. TOWN CENTRE AREAS right through (A58, A570). Through Core Pedestrianised Area traffic is then directed around the centre Rail with traffic requiring access able to use Pedestrians are given priority; all the designated access cells. Improvements are planned for St. vehicular traffic is prohibited between Some road crossing points have already Helens CentralStation which will include 10.00 and 16.00 hours and only been provided to enable pedestrians and an extension of the Park and Ride servicing traffic is permitted outside cyclists to get to and from the centre facilities, improved access to the car these hours. safely; further facilities are still to be park, improvements to the station Cycle parking facilities are provided on introduced. building and an improved pedestrian the edges of this area but cyclists are link between the rail station and the bus prohibited from riding through many of Residential Areas station. these areas to avoid dangerous pedestrian/cycle conflicts. There are over 800 dwellings within the Taxi ranks and designated disabled Town Centre and more residential CONSERVATION AREAS parking bays are provided on, or as accommodation is being introduced close to the edge of this area as through flat conversions above shops The Town Centre contains one possible to assist those with mobility etc. The existing residential areas are conservation area (Victoria Square ) impairment. being supported through: which has recently been pedestrianised and one proposed conservation area Outer Core Area (i) traffic calming of streets to stop 'rat- within which there are plans in the LTP running' which brings danger and to rationalise traffic flows and improve Pedestrians are still given priority by pollution. pedestrian amenity. widening footways / narrowing (ii) the introduction of residents parking, carriageways and prohibition ofvehicular where necessary, to avoid abuse by traffic between the hours of 10.00 and commuters and protect space for MOBILITY IMPAIRED 16.00. However, buses, cycles and in residents. some cases taxis, are permitted through (iii) ensuring that suitable, safe pedestrian There is a free car park (18 spaces) the area at all times to maintain public and cycle routes link these areas to the specifically designated for the disabled transport penetration particularly for the centre. and a further 15 designated on-street elderly and disabled. spaces with more to be introduced as Car Parks the latest traffic and pedestrianisation Access Cells work in the centre is completed. A series of improvements to the A shopmobility scheme has now

85 merseyside LOCAL TRANSPORT PLAN 2001/2-2005/6 OPPORTUNITIES FOR ALL JULY 2000 INTEGRATED SOLUTIONS Old Swan

ld Swan is located on the A57 ensure the availability of a wide range also result in greater use of Old Swan OPrescot Road near its junction of shopping opportunities to which as an interchange with beneficial with Queens Drive and is an people have easy access. consequences for adjacent shops. important District Centre for shops Old Swan District Centre is Environmental improvements to the and other services. It suffers major acknowledged as being in decline and streetscape would improve the safety congestion and environmental in need of regeneration. and security of pedestrians and cyclists intrusion as a result of the In order to improve its vitality and and improve the general ambience of considerable amount of through reduce environmental intrusion major the centre. A reduction in traffic levels traffic using the A57. The centre through traffic needs to be decreased through the centre would have benefits and adjacent junctions also have with road space reallocated to provide for the local environment by improving high accident rates, many of these quality-integrated transport and better air quality and reducing noise levels involving pedestrians. pedestrian linkages. In addition the making Old Swan a more attractive Centre and Corridor review has place to visit and shop. The existing position and the proposed highlighted Old Swan as a potential Old Swan also has a good example of measures for Old Swan are shown in interchange location. integration between land use and Figures 3.16 and 3.17 respectively. The In order to reduce through traffic and transportation planning. A retail District Centres are an important part of encourage other modes major development is proposed for the corner the shopping provision for the City as improvements to public transport are of St Oswald's Street and outlined in the UDP - sought, including enhancement and Road. extension of bus lanes, and a rapid The proposal aims to reduce the “The vitality and viability of district transit system. The approach involves number of shoppers who travel outside centres will be maintained and directing traffic to the most appropriate the centre for their main food shopping. enhanced in order to secure the best route for the type of journey. In this This would help to improve the viability access for all the city's residents to corridor the A57 would be prioritised for of existing shops in the Centre. The shopping and other related facilities.” public transport and car traffic with local development's car park would be needs whilst the Edge Lane route would available for visitors to the existing The UDP recommends they should be serve as the main strategic link for cars centre thus reducing the current enhanced by:- and freight. This redistribution of traffic problems caused by the lack of to strategic routes would be achieved adequate off street parking provision. l Environmental Improvements, by signing and other measures. The number of spaces provided, including the safety and security of Old Swan would become a major however, would be below the City pedestrians and the enhancement of interchange location between rapid Councils guidelines. This is desirable open spaces. transit and bus services. This would be given the District Centre location, the achieved by providing good quality walk-in catchment area, low car l Improvements to the transport passenger stops and shelters, cleaned ownership and the improved public infrastructure - in particular to and maintained to a high standard, transport facilities proposed. Highway passenger transport and cycling together with an information strategy works designed to ensure pedestrians facilities. and real time information. Quality Bus can move safely between the Partnerships with Old Swan is currently well served by operators would buses although interchange between seek to provide for services is poor particularly between new fully accessible east/west and north/south movements. low floor buses with The Centre is accessible by foot and low emission bicycle but facilities need upgrading. engines and all The streetscape also requires vehicles would be improvement and there is a general lack maintained to very of focus or identity for the centre. high standards. The Government's objective with These measures as regard to District Centre shopping is to well as improving sustain and enhance the vitality and public transport viability of existing centres, and to patronage would

87 merseyside LOCAL TRANSPORT PLAN 2001/2-2005/6 OPPORTUNITIES FOR ALL JULY 2000 INTEGRATED SOLUTIONS Corridor A

CORRIDOR A: vehicle detection at key signal- gain access to job opportunities. LIVERPOOL - controlled junctions will be provided Establishing and strengthening these through the LTP. These measures are links are priorities for the walking, Bootle/Crosby/ designed to reduce bus journey times cycling and public transport components Formby/Southport and improve reliability on these key of the strategy. This is particularly routes. In addition, there will be important because of the relatively low improvements to bus interchange levels of car ownership in the Pathways orridor A is a good facilities in Crosby and Netherton as areas. Cdemonstration of the great part of the Merseyside wide interchange social and economic contrasts strategy. Freight management found in Merseyside, extending from the highly urbanised areas of Railway stations and park and ride Freight movement, especially road Liverpool and Bootle in the south freight, is a major issue in the southern to the suburban towns of Crosby, The Merseyrail Northern Line is the part of the corridor, particularly Formby and Ainsdale in the north public transport spine of Corridor A. associated with Liverpool docks and the of the corridor. Station upgrades and increased Freeport. The Merseyside Freight provision of park and ride spaces are Strategy has recommended the The transport strategy for the corridor proposed at Waterloo, Hall Road, concentration of freight activity in certain (shown in Figure 3.18) therefore needs Blundellsands, Formby and Birkdale. areas and this could have significant to address these considerable Sandhills station forms a vital implications for the corridor. differences and make sure that the very interchange between the Southport, Completing the upgrade of Atlantic different transport needs of the people Ormskirk and Kirkby line services, and Avenue (A565) in Liverpool and in the corridor are met. The basic also forms the hub for the 'Soccerbus' improvements in freight route signing principles underlying the strategy for link to the football grounds. will help to address the issue in the Corridor A are : This service was trialled successfully short term. In the long term, however, l to support economic regeneration, especially last season and is seen as an further measures will be required and a in the south of the corridor; increasingly important part of the detailed study of the existing freight football match day strategy to reduce route infrastructure will be undertaken to manage transport demand and maximise l car borne trips in the corridor. Station within this LTP period as a basis for the use of the existing transport network; upgrades and improved pedestrian links developing longer term proposals. l to make public transport more attractive and are also proposed at Seaforth and increase its use; Litherland and Bootle, Oriel Road (part Traffic management of the Bootle strategy). These will l to increase the use of non-motorised forms of transport, i.e. cycling and walking; complement upgrades to the city centre The A565 through Crosby and the stations and will help to increase the A5036 (Dunnings Bridge Road) l to improve pedestrian facilities within and attractiveness of travelling by rail, experience some weekday peak hour access to local district centres; especially for commuters, and improve congestion. The problem is worst at the l to maintain and improve the environment. accessibility and the level of security Switch Island junction (A5036/A59/M57/ (and perception of personal safety) at M58). To address this problem the stations. whole junction is being remodelled, with COMPONENTS OF Phase 1 completed and Phase 2 THE STRATEGY Pathways Areas and Strategic Spatial expected during the LTP period. Once Bus improvement corridors Development Areas (SSDAs) links Switch Island is completed, the traffic signal control system SCOOT will be The A567 (Stanley Road) from The corridor contains several important used to manage traffic flows along the Liverpool through Bootle, the A565 economic regeneration areas, in A5036. Two of the main junctions on through Waterloo, Crosby and up to particular, the Atlantic Avenue SSDA. the A565 will also be re-designed to Ainsdale and the B5422 (Gorsey Lane) Providing transport links to these improve traffic flow. Detrunking of the to Netherton have been identified as development areas is vital to enable A565 will give Sefton Council greater bus improvement corridors. A package local people, especially in the more opportunity for developing traffic of bus priority measures, including bus deprived North Liverpool, Bootle and management schemes along this route. lanes in some locations and selective Dunnings Bridge Pathways areas, to Completion of the A565 upgrade in

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Liverpool and the introduction of there is a risk of failing to meet national Safety SCOOT, will be complemented by air quality objectives along all the major Improving the safety of all transport further capacity reallocation measures roads in the corridor (A565, A5038, users, especially road users, is an over- on parallel routes including pedestrian A5036, A5058, A5090). This means that arching principle applied throughout the and cycling measures to support they will all be subject to more detailed Merseyside LTP. The rail station redevelopment of the docks at the assessment. If this still shows a failure improvements will include measures southern end of the corridor. In the to achieve the objectives, the local such as CCTV and lighting to assure densely populated residential areas in authority will have to declare an Air passenger security. All traffic the south of the corridor, numerous Quality Management Area and prepare management, cycling and pedestrian traffic calming schemes have been an Air Quality Action Plan to improve air schemes will incorporate measures to completed and more are proposed, for quality. improve safety. Road safety promotion, example, in Waterloo. especially in schools, is an ongoing Planning issues commitment of both Liverpool City and Cycling measures Sefton Councils. Sefton Council's Unitary Development Encouraging people to cycle instead of Plan is currently under review and using their cars is an important Liverpool City Council will be contribution to reducing traffic and commencing a review of theirs in the supporting more sustainable means of autumn. These revised plan's will transport. There are proposals for incorporate the LTP strategy and establishing an extensive cycle network integrate it with the land use proposals (particularly between Pathways areas and policies. Part of these revised and SSDAs) including the provision of strategies will be the requirements more cycleways, marked advisory imposed on new developments for routes, signed advisory routes, transport assessments, green transport advanced stop lines at junctions and a plans and, in some cases, contributions significant increase in cycle parking to transport infrastructure facilities in district centres and at improvements. transport interchanges. School Travel Plans Pedestrian environment The 'school run' is acknowledged by The district centres of the corridor are national Government as a significant economically and socially important and transport management issue. One way we are seeking to enhance access to of tackling this is to support the and within these areas for pedestrians. development of school travel plans. In This will include measures to make the Corridor A, three schools have already pedestrian environment both more started to develop travel plans and attractive, enjoyable and, above all, these numbers will increase over the safe. These include the provision of lifetime of the LTP. new pedestrian crossings, upgrading the urban footpath network, Phase 4 of the Crosby pedestrianisation and measures to reduce the effects of severance along the A59 Scotland Road and alleviate the detrimental effects the road has on the community of Vauxhall.

Air quality assessment and management

The review and assessment of air quality, which is a legal requirement on all local authorities, has shown that

92 INTEGRATED SOLUTIONS Wirral Waterfront

he Wirral Waterfront SSDA cov- areas from Pathway areas by the A41; Ters the main employment corri- congestion on the A41 which is at or dor along the eastern coastline of above practical capacity at peak times; Wirral, from New Brighton in the and poor east-west links form the north, to in the SSDA. south. It comprises an area of 1.977 hectares and serves and employ- ment base of 35,000 people. It con- KEY STRATEGY ELEMENTS tains 180 hectares (80%) of Wirral's employment land, 90% of which is The transport initiatives outlined in brownfield. Figure 3.19 are designed to address these problems. Contained within the SSDA are the whole of the Hamilton Quarter (Wirral l The Mollington Link Extension and SRB1 area), the major part of Lairdside associated viaduct works will (SRB2), part of New (SRB3), improve traffic circulation and help the whole of Birkenhead Town Centre to remove non-essential traffic, par- and the Wirral International Business ticularly HGV's from the Town Park (WIBP), which is one of the 11 Centre; Regional Strategic Sites in the North West Regional Development Agency l Variable Message Signing (VMS) Regional Strategy. The area therefore will aid movement across the Docks, contains the major employment devel- particularly following the develop- opment opportunities within Wirral, par- ment of the Twelve Quays Roll-on ticularly concentrated at Lairdside, Roll-off (Ro-Ro) terminal; WIBP, and Wirral Docklands. The SSDA contains varied transport l Public transport improvements will infrastructure. The main north-south increase the viability and attractive- movements are catered for by the A41 ness of more sustainable modes, road, which is also a SMART bus route particularly the introduction of serving Birkenhead, Rock Ferry, SMART 2 into Wallasey area and Bromborough and Eastham, and the the proposed interchange improve- Merseyrail Birkenhead-Chester rail line. ments; Both Mersey road tunnel entrances are located within the SSDA, as are both l Pedestrian severance is addressed Wirral's terminals. by schemes at Green Lane and the Birkenhead Centre contains the A41 roundabouts, and at Borough's main bus station. Other Bromborough; areas within the SSDA are also served by the Merseyrail and New l Junction improvements on the A41 Brighton lines. will particularly aid bus and essential The main transport problems are sev- freight movements; and erance of the communities of Wallasey and New Brighton due to the Docks; l The re-opening of the freight link to unnecessary through and long distance Wirral Docks will introduce a new traffic in Birkenhead Centre due to the freight mode and reduce some HGV lack of an adequate ring road; poor movements. interchange facilities at Woodside, Hamilton Square and Conway Park Station/Birkenhead Bus Station; sever- ance of the employment opportunity

95 merseyside LOCAL TRANSPORT PLAN 2001/2-2005/6 OPPORTUNITIES FOR ALL JULY 2000 INTEGRATED SOLUTIONS Kirkby/Gillmoss

he Kirkby-Gillmoss SSDA covers To achieve these aims, the following Tan area of around 900ha mainly issues have been identified with zoned for industrial/business use. It appropriate schemes identified in the is located by junctions 4 and 5 of programme: the and has direct access onto the A580 East 1. Opportunities for freight to be Lancashire Road. transported by rail are being exploited. A new rail terminal is It lies partly in Knowsley and partly in under construction with the prospect Liverpool, and includes the Knowsley of further extensions. The Industrial and Business Parks to the objectives are to minimise the east of the M57 and the Aintree and number of HGVs on the road, and to Gillmoss Industrial Estates to the west widen the logistics choices for firms of the M57. in the area. This SSDA is home to many firms of national and international status, some 2. Most freight and goods will still long-established in the area, others travel by road, so access to the having arrived in recent years. Across strategic highway network must be the SSDA as a whole, there is however, of high quality and sufficient a considerable area of land available for capacity. Schemes are included in new development to provide more the programme to safeguard this employment position. It is recognised that for regeneration to be sustained, constant attention is 3. Two new junctions on A580 East required. For example, the Knowsley Lancashire Road, (one under Industrial Park Partnership Board has construction and one proposed) will overseen regeneration in its area in open up additional areas of land for recent years and continues to strive for development the ongoing prosperity of the Park. It has been active in the development and 4. Access by public transport from the promotion of the schemes described in surrounding Pathways areas is to be this section. improved with Bus priority measures, a new SMART route, an The objective is to ensure that transport ECO bus feeder into the estate, and infrastructure: line 1 of the LRT l Supports the prosperity of existing firms, l Helps attract new investment, leading to additional employment opportunities. l Is responsive to needs of the private sector as they are known now and as they emerge over the life of the LTP.

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t is essential that transport Council’s is shortly to be adopted. Iplanning is closely integrated This hierarchial approach, as shown in Reviews of the UDPs are now 'on hold' with land use planning to ensure Figure 3.21, is fundamental to both pending the production of revised that we promote more sustainable making best use of existing assets and Regional Planning Guidance (RPG). communities where access is facilities, and achieving the level of improved for all in the community. regeneration which Merseyside is The LTP pays regard to the draft RPG striving for. Merseyside’s strategy, (including the draft Regional Transport Through land use planning the Partners therefore, is based on the alignment of Strategy), although the RPG will only be have the opportunity to: transport planning and land use issues, at the public consultation stage by the achieved through integrated design and time of the submission of the LTP. l reduce the demand for travel and planning solutions offering real In addition, the Merseyside local encourage more sustainable alternatives to car travel to, within and authorities, in association with Halton lifestyles by locating new from these targetted areas (see the Borough Council, have produced 'the developments at accessible examples for the city centre, Southport Strategic Planning Framework for locations, or close to public town centre and Old Swan district Greater Merseyside 2000-2021' to transport, walking and cycling centre contained in “Integrated Design assist in the review of the authorities' routes; and Solutions”). UDPs and also to feed into the Similarly, the strategy and programme development of the RPG. The 'Strategic l encourage the development of a of schemes proposed in the 5 Year Plan Planning Framework' supports the sustainable transport network and the 10 Year Strategy have been objectives and the priorities of the LTP. devised with a view to implement the At present the Merseyside local high quality public transport measures authorities have decided against the THE STRATEGY FOR MERSEYSIDE in years 1 to 5, ie, putting in place “the production of Interim Transport Planning alternatives”, with years 6 to 10 then Statements (special Supplementary The underlying principle for Merseyside focussing on the demand management Planning Guidance). The view has been is its regeneration in a sustainable and measures. It is within years 6 to 10 that taken that the LTP will, as a statutory inclusive way. The strategy adopted to many of the strategic Park & Ride sites document subject to the progression of deliver this is based on a hierarchy of will be implemented, however, issues of the Transport Bill, act as an interim discrete, yet complementary, elements: securing land and appropriate land use statement of the partners’ transport zoning will be required in earlier years policy. Clearly the local authorities will l Primarily to focus on the to ensure compatibility with the five monitor this situation with particular regeneration of Liverpool City UDPs. reference to the progress of Planning Centre as the main “economic Policy Guidance Note 13 (PPG13), the engine” of Merseyside. This will RPG and their UDPs. generate a cascade of positive CONSULTATION FEEDBACK benefits throughout the Mersey region. Public consultation showed that: OPPORTUNITIES

l People like to live in and visit l A focus on the existing town and local environmentally attractive urban areas; The land use planning system will play district centres across Merseyside, an increasingly important role in Businesses like to locate in areas offering a with the aim of reinforcing and l ensuring that the partners help improve high quality urban environment; and supporting their roles within the local accessibility for all whilst fostering less communities, through site-specific l A better and more balanced mix of transport car dependent lifestyles. Land use packages of integrated transport choices should be provided, to reduce car planning also plays a major role in measures. dependency and use. helping to increase social inclusion by locating all new residential development l The development of the Strategic close to existing well served public Spatial Development Areas (SSDAs) THE STRATEGY FRAMEWORK transport routes as well as providing a and Pathway areas which offer the better diversity of services within an potential for concentrated areas of The four local authorities have all area. Many of the social exclusion economic regeneration and new adopted their Unitary Development problems faced by disadvantaged employment opportunities. Plans (UDPs), and Liverpool City groups (isolation of elderly and young

99 merseyside LOCAL TRANSPORT PLAN 2001/2-2005/6 OPPORTUNITIES FOR ALL JULY 2000 INTEGRATED LAND USE AND TRANSPORT PLANNING

people for example) are deeply rooted discourage new development (residential, l Strengthening the role of existing urban in the way we have structured the urban commercial, retail and industrial) from locating centres: A key element of the LTP and UDPs is area. We need to foster more at sites on the edge of the urban area. to further enhance the attractiveness and sustainable and equitable communities. Development will instead be encouraged to vitality of existing urban centres across locate at sites within the heart of the urban Merseyside, in line with PPG 6 and draft PPG This policy has the added benefit of area, and will maximise accessibility to the 13. Concentrating development and ensuring that we make the best use of whole community. regeneration activity in the existing urban the existing transport network of the centres can therefore encourage the use of area. l Increasing urban densities: More compact sustainable forms of transport. It also plays a urban densities and higher residential densities major role in helping to increase social will play a major role in helping to foster less inclusion as centrally located services are THE LOCATION car dependent lifestyles. Where possible we easier to access than those located on edge of OF DEVELOPMENT need to deliver higher density residential urban area car dependent locations. Key development at locations or on sites well transport investment priorities will be to Within the UDP reviews, the local served by the existing Core Public Transport improve public transport links to the centres authorities will each encourage the Network. Higher urban densities can also and improve the environmental quality in the following land use priorities in order to support a richer and more diverse range of centres (including better traffic management, meet the LTP Objectives: facilities for local communities helping to improved air quality and greater priority to improve choice and the quality of life for all in pedestrians and cyclists). l Use of Brownfield Land: The majority of the community. development opportunities identified within l Promotion of Car-Free Developments: Car the UDPs concentrate new development on l Promotion of more mixed use free developments can play an increasing role brownfield land (previously used land) sites development: land use and transport policies in helping to foster less car dependent within existing urban areas which are often will seek to foster the development of more lifestyles. This type of development can play close to existing main road and public mixed use developments. Closely tied in with an important role in the regeneration of the transport corridors. This will help to ensure the need to increase urban densities, a better existing urban centres, especially Liverpool that travel and freight movement demand mix of complementary land uses in order to City Centre. The City Council will work with generated by new developments are well reduce the need for communities to travel for developers to bring forward proposals to catered for. key services, shopping and employment create more car-free high density residential opportunities. Such developments should be development within the City Centre. Car-free Special emphasis will be placed on ensuring planned in line with the adopted Road User developments work well where quality that all new major development is located at Hierarchy so that pedestrians, cyclists and alternatives (pedestrian, cycling and public accessible locations on the Merseyside Core public transport have priority over the car. The transport services, and in particular, car-share Bus Route Network or at key transport UDPs will consider the promotion of the clubs) are in place. interchanges. Inner urban areas often offer 'Urban Village' concept to help meet the the best opportunities for this type of new above objectives. development. l Presumption against further edge of town development: In order to encourage less car dependent lifestyles the Merseyside local authorities will pursue policies which

100 merseyside LOCAL TRANSPORT PLAN 2001/2-2005/6 OPPORTUNITIES FOR ALL JULY 2000 INTEGRATED LAND USE AND TRANSPORT PLANNING

ADDRESSING THE l Seeking developer contributions helping to reduce the impact that TRAVEL DEMAND OF towards measures which will transport has on communities across NEW DEVELOPMENT address the travel demand of Merseyside. In particular, consideration developments will be given to issues of noise, visual As planning authorities, the local intrusion and physical severance both of authority partners are responsible for l Public Transport Interchanges new infrastructure as well as the ensuring that the travel demands of existing transport network. development are met in as safe and l Traffic Management, including Bus sustainable a manner as possible. Priorities (Draft PPG 13 advocates For major developments, transport that routes subject to traffic assessments (TAs) - as proposed in management proposals and bus draft PPG13 - will be required which will priorities should be indicated in examine the potential for the travel UDPs). demand to be met by, in order, walking, cycling, public transport and private car l Cycling and Walking Strategies - and identify the measures required to (routes and facilities should be achieve this. included in UDPs as well as adopted Hence, rather than the simple cycle parking standards). provision of car parking to meet the travel demand, developments will be l Quality Bus Partnerships and required to: Contracts (Contracts may specify routes which could have land use l Include measures which promote implications in terms of preferred walking, cycling and public transport locations for development.) use; l Quality Freight Partnerships (Could l Consider the adoption of green have significant land use commuter and travel plans; implications for UDP's in terms of routes, transfer to rail, safeguarding l Support identified measures which land for inter-modal sites, air quality will help meet the travel demand in and noise pollution) accord with the LTPs objectives l Parking Strategy (As part of l Provide car parking taking account Demand Management, to cover of the above and the adopted strategy, controls and charges) maximum parking standards. l Major Schemes (Major schemes Accessibility profiling criteria will be have obvious UDP implications in developed to assist the above process terms of safeguarding land) (see also 'Demand Management'). l Road User and Workplace Parking Charges (Land use implications will THE IMPLICATIONS OF be indicated in UDPs) TRANSPORT INFRASTRUCTURE l Road User Priorities and Road In reviewing the UDPs, the Partners will Space Re-allocation (Again this is pay particular regard to the following advocated in PPG 13 for inclusion in elements of the transportation strategy, UDPs) particularly in relation to: l Locating development within a l Park & Ride sites, as part of the sustainable transport network; countywide strategy. l Safeguarding land for transport In addition, land use planning and infrastructure; development control powers of local authorities will play an important role in

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he Local Transport Plan MEETING THE NEEDS OF ALL out on opportunities to improve their Taims to: THE COMMUNITY financial position, their health and their quality of life. l Ensure the needs of all the MERSEYSIDE MCT recognises the need for local community are met COMMUNITY TRANSPORT communities to be involved in developing and promoting the solutions l develop a fully accessible Merseytravel has facilitated the to their own transport problems. transport network development of Merseyside Community Dispersed job and training opportunities Transport (MCT) as a company limited in areas not served by adequate public A fully accessible public transport by guarantee and with a remit to transport make them impossible to network will be better for the whole develop locally based transport access by people who do not have their community. Everyone will find that solutions at a community level. own transport. This means that some travelling becomes easier and more Community transport is a valuable tool individuals may be barred from convenient. For a significant group of with which to tackle economic and obtaining the skills they need to move people, this will transform their lives. It social problems in local communities. through the intermediate labour market, will mean that they can go places, do Community transport, as a community it also means employers may not things and be independent in ways that led activity, often makes effective and achieve the workforce they wish, local they could never do before. This will in imaginative uses of various forms of facilities will not receive the custom they turn benefit employers, community available and limited resources, paying require and the development of new groups and other public services. particular attention to their passengers businesses and new community groups Initiatives to ensure that the needs of and serving local needs. will be held back. all the community are met include Detailed research taken within the In Merseyside, as in other parts of the Shopmobility and Merseyside designated Pathways areas in UK, the existing community transport Community Transport which has been Merseyside has shown a large measure activity concentrates on the traditional established to help identify and meet of demand for locally based schemes to role of group hire and transport the demand which would otherwise be address particular local issues. Despite provision focussed on the needs of the ignored. a significant public transport network elderly and disabled. These services In promoting accessibility for all the throughout Merseyside, particular will always be required of course but a partners recognise the need to meet the shortcomings in the needs it can meet broader view of transport problems requirements of the Disability have been identified throughout the affecting the wider community, including Discrimination Act to ensure that the area. The groups affected by these the unemployed and younger rights of everyone to use the transport shortcomings are generally some of the individuals needs to be taken. network are met. most vulnerable in society. Without MCT is now involved in seeking new solutions to these transport gaps being forms of solutions and bringing these developed, these individuals will miss about. Established community transport

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projects are being encouraged to provided to training opportunities broaden their view and their range of outside the local area, giving a wider services. The role envisaged for them is choice to individuals wishing to access A new project in the Netherton area of something new and will require them in order to improve their Liverpool will reflect many of the points assistance and resources to undertake employment prospects. raised below. The project has grown the significant proactive development of Training opportunities that already from an idea to a complete scheme and these new areas of provision. exist in some of the projects will be now provides a valuable service to the A community transport operator's developed to provide the training and local community. The project is run by forum has been established by MCT to support that will lead to improved a management committee made up of encourage and promote new ideas and employment prospects for individuals, local people who know the transport developments in the provision of their training such as minibus driver training, needs of the area and want to do services. The forum will also develop vehicle maintenance, customer care something about meeting them. The quality standards in Community and transport operation will give project is providing transport services to Transport (CT) training and service individuals the confidence and ability to employment and training as well as provision to ensure communities are enter the employment market. transport for community groups to allow getting best possible service. MCT will co-ordinate CT services by them to widen the range of options to New and innovative transport links will the introduction of a centralised booking their members. The project has be developed within the communities to service so that vehicle downtime can be attracted 30 volunteers, most of whom provide access to employment identified and used to provide services have never done any other voluntary opportunities, which are often away to other areas, thereby making full use work. from existing centres and often work 24 of resources that have never reached Volunteers are being trained through hours with short shift working, much of their full potential. A central purchasing the project in the areas of safe minibus which is targeted at women. These unit is also being developed so that driving, customer care, disability links will be provided by fully accessible projects will be able to benefit from bulk awareness and first aid. There is a real vehicles driven by trained volunteer buying and the money saved can be sense of ownership of the scheme by drivers from within the communities they used to provide improvements and the local community because they have are serving. Similar services will be extensions to their services. been involved in its planning,

104 ACCESSIBILITY FOR ALL

Monday:- Asda Hunts Cross ; development and establishment and are town and city centres that have Tuesday: - Belle Vale Shopping Centre; now involved in its operation. schemes. In a report by the British Council of Shopping Centres, people Wednesday: - Kings Dock Car park, Albert SHOPMOBILITY using Shopmobility schemes spend Dock Complex, Liverpool. more on average per visit than the Thursday:- Belle Vale Shopping Centre; and Increasing numbers of towns and cities national average. Furthermore 30% of Friday:- Kirkby Market. across the country are introducing Shopmobility users shopped more than Shopmobility schemes. Merseyside has once per week. 61% brought a Over the next couple of years MCVS been in the forefront of developing companion who also shopped and a are keen to launch a new Shopmobility these schemes with its residents and further 15% brought 2 more people with scheme to serve communities in the visitors already benefiting from a them. Research suggests that Toxteth and Dingle areas of Liverpool. network of Shopmobility schemes. Shopmobility generates local trade and The scheme will be launched in close Shopmobility schemes form a vital part that the absence of Shopmobility means partnership with local community groups of a balanced package of measures a loss of business to the town centres and will have to reflect the rich mix of aimed at improving accessibility within or, indeed, a gain by a competing town. cultural, religious and racial our town and city centres for mobility There is another good reason why backgrounds in these areas. impaired people. It is a service Shopmobility should be promoted and designed to meet the access and encouraged. The populations of most mobility needs of disabled or older western countries are becoming older. VIEWS OF visitors, whether travelling by public In Merseyside there are number of SHOPMOBILITY USERS. transport or by car. Shopmobility schemes principally run by These schemes which are usually the community / voluntary sector. Mr Jarrold is a regularly and committed located in Shopping Centres, lend Dedicated full time Shopmobility user the Shopmobility scheme at least manual and powered Wheelchairs and schemes are currently operating in once per week, using Merseylink to Scooters to people who cannot walk, or Liverpool City Centre (Clayton Square travel to and from the City Centre. cannot walk very far. The mobility aid a Shopping Centre - run by MCVS), person borrows enables them to Birkenhead and Wallasey town centres He says: "Merseylink and Shopmobility give conduct business or go shopping (run by the Wirral Association for me the independence to visit town without typically within a 2-mile radius of the Disabled People). A new scheme is having to rely on friends and family. As I have Shopmobility unit. planned to open in St. Helens in the been a member for of the scheme a number of The great advantage of Shopmobility Autumn of 2000. years now, I actually help train new volunteers schemes is that they give people a In addition two new permanent for the Travel Companion scheme. great deal of independence. schemes are due to open in 2000. This Shopmobility is a "must" in the new Local Shopmobility is available to anyone, includes a new scheme in Southport Transport Plan" young or old, no matter whether their operated by a voluntary organisation mobility impairment is temporary or called Sefton Carers. Mary Roberts is another regular weekly permanent, or caused by illness In addition MCVS operate a mobile user of the scheme. Again she travels accident or ageing. Shopmobility unit which visits key to the scheme by Merseylink and secondary centres across Merseyside makes regular use of the Travel There is clear evidence that at set days during the week. The mobile Companions. Shopmobility schemes do generate unit visits the following centres: welcome additional economic activity in She says: "Shopmobility is great it is a real

105 merseyside LOCAL TRANSPORT PLAN 2001/2-2005/6 OPPORTUNITIES FOR ALL JULY 2000 ACCESSIBILITY FOR ALL

help. I cannot use the electric scooters available on CD-ROM and on request in Table 3.11 opposite identifies some of therefore the Travel Companions are other formats. the issues which will be taken into essential." account in the design of transport services. John and Allen are currently completing their GNVQ Care Studies course through the MCVS, and spend MERSEYTRAVEL'S In addition to the service provisions approximately one day per week as ACCESS STRATEGY listed in the Merseytravel Access Travel Companions. Strategy. Merseytravel has Merseytravel has developed a Public commissioned a number of fully John said:-"The course has really opened my Transport Access Strategy which aims accessible bus stations, and identified eyes to the real benefits Shopmobility gives to develop a fully accessible public the provision of a number of new people. You can really see them pick up when transport system in Merseyside. accessible railway stations, and the they come to the Centre. Although the scheme Access improvements will provide refurbishment of existing stations to is good there is still much to do to make the specific benefits to a wide range of make them accessible. Merseyrail trains City Centre more accessible. For example public transport users. These users have spaces for passengers using whilst dropped kerbs have been introduced include: wheelchairs, and First North Western there are still some important crossings that l People with walking difficulties trains are being equipped with ramps still do not have dropped kerbs, so the Local for helping passengers board and People who use wheelchairs or other Transport Plan will need to listen and take l alight. The provision of Merseyrail mobility aids note of real people's concerns." Electric's trains with ramps is being l People with restricted vision (both blind investigated. Major stations and bus people and those who are partially sighted) stations have accessible toilets. A FULLY ACCESSIBLE Information is made available in other l People with restricted hearing (both deaf TRANSPORT NETWORK people and those who are hard of hearing) formats for blind and partially sighted people. Telephone contact lines are l People who have difficulty communicating equipped with Minicoms, and enquiry MERSEYSIDE ‘CODE OF l People who have learning difficulties offices with Induction Loops. PRACTICE ON ACCESS A number of staff have received basic AND MOBILITY’ l People with physical and mental health problems British Sign Language training. Information is circulated directly to The Partner Authorities in consultation l People of large or small stature disabled peoples' organisations and with the local disabled people's groups l People who are frail or have restricted information centres. Merseytravel won a have together published a 'Code of stamina "See it Right Award" from the Royal Practice on Access and Mobility', and National Institute for the Blind in 1999. l People who are encumbered with luggage, have adopted it as supplementary Disability awareness training is included buggies or prams planning guidance. in the induction course for new The Code of Practice, which is l People with small children employees in the Partner organisations. intended for the guidance of developers l People who do not feel confident or secure Additionally, a programme of Disability and Local Authority service providers, using public transport Awareness training courses for all its gives good practice and legislation staff is in train, to update and revise l People with multiple disabilities. standards covering planning, building their knowledge. highways and transport issues. It is

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ONGOING CONSULTATION ARRANGEMENTS number and proportion of trips by the disabled can be made spontaneously. Each of the five Districts, in conjunction with Merseytravel, consult their local access groups and disabled peoples' organisations on a regular basis to help ensure that issues are brought to the attention of the Partners. For example the Merseytravel Advisory Panels, meet in each of the five Districts to discuss local transport issues, including access to the transport, with local residents. Merseytravel also hosts a Merseyside Women's Forum, which has a number of co-opted disabled Members and a Transport Access Panel whose co- opted members are drawn from disabled peoples' organisations across Merseyside. The provision of accessible public transport will grow so that an increasing

107 merseyside LOCAL TRANSPORT PLAN 2001/2-2005/6 OPPORTUNITIES FOR ALL JULY 2000 IMPROVING SAFETY

he safety of people as they use individuals have also played a part in its Government's target for a reduction of Tthe transport network is of preparation, particularly through one-third in the number of casualties. paramount importance. consultation on the Local Transport As shown in Table 3.12, there has been Plan. These are discussed later, a decrease of this order in respect of The Local Authorities and Police have because the partnerships and the number of casualties killed and developed a Road Safety Strategy for relationships so formed are expected to seriously injured. However, there has Merseyside, which: play a significant role in future actions to been an accompanying increase of 50% deliver the plan. in the number of casualties reporting l Describes the nature and size of the minor injuries. problem of Road Casualties The overall increase in 'slight' injuries THE CURRENT PROBLEM is entirely accounted for by an increase l Sets Local Targets for Casualty of almost 200% in one sector, namely: reduction in the context of National In 1999, there were 9,957 casualties in occupants of cars who have reported Targets including specific Targets to traffic accidents recorded by the Police injury in multi-vehicle collisions. reduce injuries to Children on the roads of Merseyside. At this Research by TRL, sponsored by the scale of problem, the lives of most North West Regional Road Safety Group l Provides a Plan of Action for the people in the area will have been has shown that there are parts of Partners and other Agencies affected directly or indirectly by a road Merseyside and Greater Manchester accident in recent years, with effects which have been particularly affected by l Creates a framework for Monitoring ranging from disruption and trauma increases in this kind of casualty, to a through to serious injury or death. greater extent than elsewhere in the l Identifies and encourages There is extensive information Country. Partnership working throughout the collected by the Police about each process accident in which someone is recorded as being killed or injured. The study of COMPARISON WITH ELSEWHERE these facts provides an understanding A ROAD SAFETY STRATEGY of the trends and characteristics in A comparison is made in Table 3.13 of FOR ALL MERSEYSIDE Merseyside, and how these compare casualty rates per 100,000 population with other areas. between Merseyside, the North West The five Highway Authorities and Table 3.12 compares the average Metropolitan Areas across the Country Police, have worked together, to annual number of casualties for the (exc London) and Great Britain as a produce the following Road Safety period 1995-1999 and the 1981-85 whole. Strategy for the whole area of base period. The above table demonstrates (row 3) a Merseyside. In 1987, the local authorities on substantial increase in the rate of slight Many other organisations and Merseyside supported Central casualties compared with the wider areas.

109 merseyside LOCAL TRANSPORT PLAN 2001/2-2005/6 OPPORTUNITIES FOR ALL JULY 2000 IMPROVING SAFETY

However, it also shows in row 2 that the REDUCTION TARGETS partners believe that the new National rate of fatal and serious casualties is lower Targets are appropriately onerous and than in other parts of the country in both In March 2000 the Government’s Road should be adopted. the original base period 81 to 85 and the Safety Strategy Review - “Tomorrows In addition, a further target is proposed review period of 94 to 98. Roads - Safer For Everyone” to strengthen the focus on child Other points to note are (from row 4) announced a series of new 10 year pedestrian casualties for: that although the rate of child targets for the reduction of road l a reduction of 20% in the number of pedestrian casualties in Merseyside has accident casualty rates. By the year children pedestrian casualties suffering fallen, it is still higher than in the wider 2010 the following improvements are minor injuries areas. Also shown is a rapid increase in proposed compared to the revised base the rate of child 'in-vehicle' casualties period of 1994 to 1998: (see Table The partners have noted that they are (row 5). Taking these two together 3.17) unable to undertake a strict places Merseyside high in priority for interpretation of the Government’s child casualties and in consequence l reduction of 40% in the number of people target for the reduction in the rate of further investigation is being made. killed or seriously injured; together with slight casualties per 100 million vehicle kilometres because there are no reliable l a reduction of 50% in the number of figures for vehicle kilometres travelled CHILD CASUALTIES children killed or seriously injured on non-principal roads, and the casualty rate as per the target, for principal Figure 3.10 shows the distribution of l a reduction of 10% in the slight injured roads. child casualties across Merseyside as casualty rate (per 100 million vehicle For now, on Merseyside it is proposed either pedestrian or vehicle occupants. kilometres) simply to monitor the total number of This shows a disproportionately high slight casualties on non-principal roads, number of child pedestrian casualties These new national targets are even more the effect of a 10% reduction being occurring in Pathways areas which are challenging than those set in the 'Saving shown in Table 3.14. the places of greatest deprivation. Not Lives: Our Healthier Nation' White Paper surprisingly the 'in-vehicle' child which seeks a 20% reduction in the rate of casualties are more widely distributed. road accidents by 2010, although they ROAD SAFETY - WIDER VIEWS Further analysis of the accident clearly move in the same direction. records has confirmed that younger Issues relating to Road Safety arose children are more likely to be hidden during each stage of the Public from view by vehicles (masked) and NEW MERSEYSIDE CASUALTY Consultation with responses via that a much higher proportion of such REDUCTION TARGETS Questionnaires, Focus Groups and casualties occur on residential roads representative sampling through the rather than the main road network. The relatively low rate of serious and Citizen's panels. fatal casualties suggests that the new The views expressed were as follows: targets will present a particular NEW NATIONAL CASUALTY challenge on Merseyside. Therefore the l The need to improve road safety and

110 IMPROVING SAFETY

levels of security across the transport in relation to drink-driving. POLICE network. l Operational traffic safety and accident l A bid should be submitted for HAZ scene management l Over 80% were concerned about the funding to extend accident speed of traffic and this was by far the intelligence. l Data Collection and Analysis highest priority road safety issue l Targeted Enforcement identified. l Strong support for Traffic Calming in the PLAN OF ACTION ROAD SAFETY EDUCATION, vicinity of Schools and residential areas TRAINING & PUBLICITY The Road Safety Strategy provides the STRATEGY (ETP) l The need to improve walking and cycling framework for a Plan of Action in the routes, especially their safety. Business Plans of the Local Authority Whilst supporting the National Partners, the Police, and many other campaigns launched by the DETR, Agencies who address Road Safety localised Education, Training and HEALTH Issues. Publicity programmes are developed using local accident data. They take The Directors of Public Health for account of changes in trends and target Merseyside, in their Annual Report LOCAL AUTHORITIES groups, together with revisions in 1999,noted that between 1995 and teaching and training methodologies to 1997, 33% of all male deaths were There is direct action by the LAs as continually check and monitor the transport-related. This was the largest Highway and Planning Authorities on a effectiveness of existing ETP cause of death among males as a range of policy areas included here and programmes. whole. In the same period 20% of all elsewhere in the LTP: Significant resources continue to be female deaths were transport-related. l Accident Analysis devoted to facilitating Education, This was referred to in the Health Training and Publicity initiatives within Education Training and Publicity Impact Assessment of the Merseyside l Merseyside, with 20.5 full time staff Local Transport Plan, which made a l Local Safety Schemes dedicated to developing both number of recommendation to reduce contemporary and effective local ETP l Traffic Calming and areas of Urban accidents and improve safety, Safety management, programmes which amount to summarised as follows: approximately £110,000 annually. l Safety Audit of all highway schemes l Need to segregate cyclists and l UDP policies requiring safety measures to be pedestrians from other road traffic incorporated within new developments ETP DEVELOPMENT & DELIVERY where possible - LOCAL PROGRAMMING l Walking strategy l The poorest fifth of the population l Cycling strategy A wide variety of campaigns are aimed

have the highest risk of death or l Motorcycling strategy specifically at children, including child injury from road traffic, and traffic pedestrian training, cycle training and l Economic Regeneration & Travel to calming schemes should be targeted interactive presentations and the work plans to take this into account. development of curriculum based l Travel to school plans including activities within Primary and Secondary l High-quality cycle-training should be 'Safer Routes' Schools remain a common thread promoted for adults throughout Merseyside. There are also Other areas of LA responsibility with a number of campaigns which are l Accident prevention should be important safety links, including: directed at a variety of age groups and targeted at young men aged 17-25 road users. In addition to the key ETP

for whom road traffic accidents are a l Education themes identified below, a five year plan major cause of death and disability is identified within the Technical Social Services l Appendix. l The Merseyside Transport Health l Licensing and Environment Forum should l Leisure work with the Merseyside Health Pedestrian training is being undertaken Action Zone (HAZ) and Merseyside l Health Improvement Plans by an increasing number of young Police to reduce alcohol children on Merseyside, which is consumption on public transport and normally introduced either as a stand-

111 merseyside LOCAL TRANSPORT PLAN 2001/2-2005/6 OPPORTUNITIES FOR ALL JULY 2000 IMPROVING SAFETY

Table 3.12 : Casualty Reduction Targets - Past Performance Average Annual Target 2001(1/3 reduction) Actual Annual Performance: Actual Change Casualties 1981 to 1985 Annual casualties Casualties in Casualty 1995 - 1999 1981-1985 to 1995-1999

Killed & Serious 1223 815 788 -35%

Slight 5904 3936 8850 +50%

All Casualties 7127 4751 9638 +35%

Car Occupant casualties reporting minor injuries 1852 1363 5437 +194% in multi-vehicle accidents

Table 3.13 ; Casualty Rates, Merseyside & Elsewhere GB Mets NW M/side

1 All Casualties 1981-85 av 588 478 523 475 1994-98 av 560 566 656 678

2 Fatal and Serious Casualties 1981-85 av 146 105 102 81 1994-98 av 83 63 78 59

3 Slight Casualties 1981-85 av 441 372 421 393 Fig 3.22 : Child 1994-98 av 476 503 578 619 Casualty Data

4 Child Pedestrian Casualties 1981-85 av 209 281 266 302 1994-98 av 159 220 216 242

5 Child 'In-vehicle' Casualties 1981-85 av 203 159 189 169 1994-98 av 228 228 271 286

6 Adult Pedestrian Casualties 1981-85 av 82 91 86 87 1994-98 av 59 70 66 71

7 Adult 'In-vehicle' Casualties 1981-85 av 546 398 457 389 1994-98 av 545 528 635 647

Table 3.14 : Casualty Reduction Targets - Future Targets 1994-98 Target Target Target Target mean 2005(%) 2005(No.) 2010(%) 2010(No.)

Total Casualties 9622 All Fatal & Serious Casualties 833 -20% 666 -40% 500 Child KSI 197 -25% 148 -50% 99 Adult KSI 636

All Slight Casualties 8789 -5% 439 -10% 879 Child Slight 1391 Adult Slight 7408

Slight casualties per 100million 97.4 - 5 % 92.5 - 10 % 87.7 veh kms on Principal roads

Slight casualties on 3926 - 5 % 3730 - 10 % 3533 non-Principal roads

Child pedestrian 727 -25% 545 -50% 364 casualties (all severities)

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Table 3.15 - SCA Funded Local Safety Schemes Implemented 1992 to 1999 Type of Scheme No. of Schemes Total Annual Average Accident Total Cost of FYRR Annual Av. Reduction (Up to 3 Years After) Schemes (£) (%) * Rate of Return* No. % (Up to 3 Yrs After) %

Pelican Crossings 32 51.84 53 1,193,070 313 290 Junction Improvement 75 143.48 56 2,451,857 395 391 (non traffic signal)

New Traffic Signals 11 40.01 62 1,053,869 257 254

Improvements to Existing 24 61.01 44 1,388,187 280 294 Traffic Signals

Improvements to Existing 31 37.50 47 285,629 985 877 Pedestrian Facilities

Traffic Calming 37 61.80 50 1,800,505 258 229

Anti-skid Treatment 45 56.02 54 428,225 738 874

Bend Definition 6 8.00 63 64,450 483 829

Red light/Speed Camera 14 18.34 45 247,887 566 494

Lighting Improvement 8 13.16 51 65,800 1,522 1,336

Signs & Carriageway 17 22.33 50 154,000 1,093 969 Markings

Other 4 7.00 58 47,700 517 980

All Schemes 304 520.49 52 9,181,179 384 379

Table 3.16 : Proposed Programme - 2001/02 Type of scheme Estimated Expenditure

New Pedestrian Crossings £312k Junction Improvement (non traffic signal)£641k New Traffic Signals £275k Improvements to Existing Traffic Signals £363k Improvements to Existing Pedestrian Facilities £75k Traffic Calming £471k Anti-skid Treatment £112k Bend Definition £17k Red light / Speed Camera £65k Lighting Improvement £17k Signs & Carriageway Markings £40k Table 3.17 : Casualty Severity of Pedestrians & Vehicle Other £12k Occupants 1994-98 Apart from pedestrians, figures are for vehicle occupants (passengers/drivers/riders) Total £2.4 M All Killed/Serious (KSI) Slight Car, Van, Taxi (CVT) 32832 1503 (36.1%)31329 (71.3%) Pedestrian 7604 1754 (42.1%)5850 (13.3%) Motor Cyclist (M/C) 1620 399 (9.6%)1221 (2.8%) Pedal Cyclist (P/C) 2972 378 (9.1%)2594 (5.9%) Heavy Goods Vehicle (HGV) 318 25 (0.6%)293 (0.7%) Bus or Coach (PSV) 2254 68 (1.6%)2186 (4.9%) Other Motor / Non-Motor Vehicle 256 27 (0.6%)229 (0.5%) Minibus / Motor Caravan (MBS) 261 11 (0.3%)250 (0.6%) All Casualties 48117 4165 (100.0%)43952 (100.0%)

CVT Comprises: Car 30301 1396 (33.5%)28905 (65.8%) Taxi 1799 59 (1.4%)1740 (4.0%) Light Goods Van 732 48 (1.2%)684 (1.6%)

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alone activity, as part of a larger "Travel custodial sentence for this type of in this area, particularly in supporting To School" initiative or as the ETP offence is usually over 90% - the COP the police in the use of new technology element of a local engineering scheme. programme achieves a rate of 35%. for speed limit enforcement, etc. Given that people who drive illegally are Resources are available through the Travel To School (Safer Routes To 200 times more likely to be involved in a annual Local Safety Schemes School) schemes are beginning to road accident than are legal drivers, the Programme to support certain feature heavily in local road safety ETP continued success of this scheme will enforcement activities, including the use planned programmes. Existing schemes continue to have a major impact on of speed and red light traffic signal have attracted national recognition, road safety and on wider issues of cameras. whilst developing schemes are citizenship and crime. There are currently 31 speed and 34 embracing a holistic approach and red light enforcement camera sites in breaking new ground in terms of “Fit-Safe Sit-Safe” scheme aimed at Merseyside. Additional enforcement community consultation, involvement persuading parents to purchase suitable cameras are proposed for 2000/01 and and ownership. child and baby restraints has been subsequent programmes. Traffic law Partnerships with Head Teachers, particularly successful. The extensively enforcement implications are taken into Governors, parents and pupils are promoted scheme has allowed account in the design of all highway recognised as imperative in developing thousands of parents to feel reassured improvements and traffic management workable School Travel Plans which not that their choice of child-seat or carry- schemes. Schemes are routinely only result in modal shift, but also cot has been properly fitted. designed to make traffic regulation reduces Personal Injury Accidents at elements self-enforcing, recognising the same time. National DETR Campaigns: A cross- that there are potential road safety In addition to changes in the physical authority working group co-ordinates the implications if regulations are abused or layout adjacent to the schools involved, local promotion and launch of national ignored. each Road Safety Team delivers campaigns. The launch is always well carefully designed and targeted resourced and consistently attracts workshop sessions and other national and regional media coverage 2000/01 LOCAL SAFETY curriculum-based activities at Primary including TV, radio and the press. SCHEMES PROGRAMME and Secondary Schools. Initiatives Campaign-based literature, posters and range from pre-school parenting packs videos are distributed to local In the 1999/2000 Highways Capital produced in partnership with the companies, retailers, community Programmes the Highway Authorities Regional Health Authorities to essential groups, parent groups and to a host of have included, a total of £1.8 million for pre-driver training. other outlets including those provided Local Safety Schemes funded through via the Regional Health Authority. SCA from the Transport Block. It is Cycle training is also on the increase Road safety education, training and hoped that the DETR will approve across Merseyside as a result of Road publicity programmes are no longer spending of £2.4m for such schemes in Safety Officers actively promoting cycle considered in isolation. ETP initiatives 2001/02. use. In a move away from tradition, are seen as an integral part of local The proven track record of the cycle training is no longer confined to safety schemes and other engineering Merseyside partners in delivering schools but now takes place all year initiatives, and form essential part of an successful high rate of return casualty round at a variety of locations, often integrated transportation and safety reduction schemes is indicated in the carried out in partnership with other strategy. monitoring section and Table 3.15. Local Authority departments and New ETP initiatives are continually Over the life of the LTP it is intended outside agencies. being devised and existing programmes to introduce schemes which will achieve revised. high rates of return. Based on previous Car Offenders Project: Merseyside's experience, the programme will include Road Safety Teams have, in schemes as seen in Table 3.15. partnership with the ENFORCEMENT The Technical Appendix includes a and Hospital A&E consultants, played a draft programme of Local Safety crucial role in the creation and delivery It is estimated that a reduction of up to schemes for the first year of the LTP of the Probation Service's COP (Car 15 KSI per year could be achieved from The aim throughout the life of the Offenders Project) programme. The aim enforcement campaigns. LTP,will be to save over 100 road traffic of the scheme is to challenge and Resources for traffic law enforcement accidents per year in Merseyside from change the attitudes and behaviour of are largely a police responsibility. this part of the programme. the offenders. The initiative has been a However, increasingly the five Such tried and trusted types of major success - recidivism after a Merseyside Districts have a role to play schemes are expected to be included in

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future Local Safety Schemes cameras to reduce the number and previously, they will continue to be Programmes until 2005/06. severity of casualties and vehicle prioritised for those locations where However new types of innovative ways speeds; such measures contribute to the overall of solving accident problems are being objectives of casualty reduction. pursued and minor changes to future l High intensity lighting and improved years' programmes will reflect additional conspicuity of Zebra Crossings to Consideration is given within all types of work. reduce pedestrian accidents in the initiatives to the needs of vulnerable It is also hoped, wherever possible, to dark; road users (pedestrians, cyclists, introduce additional local safety children etc). schemes through alternative funding l Introduction of bus and emergency sources. These will include highways vehicle friendly speed reduction maintenance budgets, private sector measures on local distributor roads; MONITORING PROGRESS funding, Single Regeneration Budgets, and and other such types of funding. Following implementation, casualty l Speed reduction measures at figures for each scheme and motorway interchanges. programme is routinely scrutinised to determine its effectiveness. ACHIEVEMENTS Whilst not always funded from The performance of the Merseyside Transport Supplementary Grant for authorities local safety schemes both as Between 1992 and 1998 Merseyside Local Safety Schemes, significant individual schemes and as overall types introduced 252 local safety schemes, at programmes of speed reduction of scheme are shown in Table 3.15 for a total cost of approximately £7.3million. schemes have been a key feature of the the 7 years between 1992 and 1999. These schemes which were all derived concerted casualty reduction strategy This monitoring process provides a from in-depth analysis of the Police within Merseyside. Following the check that finance for future casualty records have resulted in an average Government’s welcome relaxation of reduction schemes is appropriately annual reduction of 437 reported road regulations to encourage 20mph zones targeted. traffic accidents. and speed limits, such measures are The five Merseyside districts have normally incorporated into traffic been successful in their innovative calming schemes. To ensure the URBAN SAFETY MANAGEMENT approach to solving accident problems. revised speed limits are respected and These include:- minimise the impact of additional As well as high-return traffic calming enforcement upon the police, all such schemes as referred to in Table 3.15, l Traffic calming areas and prioritising schemes are routinely designed to be there are many more residential areas introduction based on accidents and self-enforcing. where traffic calming is sought by local casualties; These successful programmes of residents, based on their dislike and redesignating roads with appropriate fear of speeding traffic. l The use of variable message signs, speed limits will continue to feature Measures to treat this problem may traffic islands, and enforcement prominently in future programmes. As not qualify as Local Safety schemes, by

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their forecast rate-of return, but the The Merseyside Road Safety Planning heart of the Merseyside approach, but issue is considered of such importance Group (MRSPG), includes with ample scope for innovation and by local residents that such schemes representatives of all District Highway initiative at the local level. This has figure will often prominently among Authorities together with Merseyside resulted in significant programmes for those which are favoured in the SRB Police and Merseytravel. It meets to set accident reduction: Local Safety programmes. and monitor the overall safety strategy Schemes; manual and automatic traffic across Merseyside. law enforcement regimes; larger scale It has been noted that pedestrian engineering projects; focused accidents (particularly affecting child Support and co-operation at a more programmes of road safety education, pedestrians) are more likely to occur on detailed level is provided by a number training and publicity, all underpinned residential roads than on the main road of sub-groups of the MRSPG which by the highest standard of data network, and that this is a problem that have special responsibilities for road collection and analysis that can be affects deprived areas safety education, training and publicity; achieved. disproportionately. traffic accident data analysis; and Accordingly, a special programme has electronic enforcement camera been introduced in the LTP to address technology. In recent years there has this issue, which will in many cases been increasing co-operation with attract matched funding from other professionals in other disciplines such programmes. as Health, Social Services and Other issues which are frequently Education. raised by residents include security of The MRSPG also plays a significant person and property, with particular role at a regional level, sending two reference to car-crime. These are representatives to the North West addressed in a similar manner. Regional Road Safety Group. The close working relationship SAFETY OF WALKING, CYCLING between the Merseyside Authorities and AND MOTORCYCLING Merseyside Police on both strategic and practical levels was recently highlighted Elsewhere in this document strategies and highly praised by Her Majesty's are described for Walking and Cycling Inspectorate of Constabulary. and the use of powered two-wheelers in The formation of Healthy Alliances with which the vulnerability of these groups Health Authorities and Hospitals has is recognised. So, although they are enabled many co-ordinated programmes acknowledged as more sustainable to be developed, and has allowed forms of transport, their increased use extensive research into under-reporting of is counterbalanced by measures to accidents and casualties to be carried offset their risk. Significant parts of the out. respective strategies are devoted to Merseyside's recent designation as a this aim. Health Action Zone has significant implications for the road safety partnerships with the Health Authorities IMPROVING SAFETY to achieve joint goals. A Health & THROUGH PARTNERSHIP Transport Forum has been set up to progress the initiative. As mentioned at the outset, the Consultation with stakeholders has Merseyside Authorities have for a taken place for many years, and has number of years co-ordinated and included individual consultation on combined their individual road safety localised Traffic Management schemes, strategies and programmes. This Traffic Calming and Local Safety approach is designed to maximise the Scheme proposals. In recent months, likelihood of achieving the local and this has been extended to include national road safety targets and to fully extensive liaison with schools with a integrate its comprehensive road safety view to formulating School Travel Plans strategy with the Merseyside; regional and Safer Routes to Schools initiatives. and national transportation strategies. Partnership working is therefore at the

116 AIR QUALITY, NOISE AND CLIMATE CHANGES

ransport, especially road traffic, authorities plus Halton. This group has discuss recent monitoring results, Tis one of the most significant an overview role in dealing with air consider the implications of transport factors affecting today's quality, noise, water quality and emissions and noise and identify environment, in particular air contaminated land. There are specific potential measures for managing or quality and noise levels. The LTP sub-groups of the Pollution Group that reducing the environmental impacts of therefore has a vital role to play in deal with the different pollution issues. transport. As well as preparing the determining the future quality of These include the Merseyside Air environmental input to the LTP, the the environment on Merseyside. Quality Management Group and the group has provided input to the Health Merseyside Noise Group. Both the Air Impact Assessment (HIA) of the LTP The LTP provides an opportunity for co- Quality and the Noise groups are made and is also taking the lead in specific ordinated action from environmental, up of representatives from the projects funded through the Merseyside transport and health professionals in environmental health departments of Health Action Zone (HAZ). both the public and private sectors to the Merseyside authorities. The groups The group also actively contributes to address existing environmental provide an opportunity for : the Merseyside Transport Health and problems and ensure that future Environment (THE) Forum. The THE transport proposals help to alleviate l liaison and exchange of ideas and Forum has been established to provide such problems, not make them worse. information on Merseyside wide a common approach to transport, health basis; and environment policies and foster close working relationships between AIR QUALITY AND NOISE l appraisal of Merseyside wide these different sectors. MANAGEMENT ON MERSEYSIDE proposals requiring joint funding;

Responsibility for managing air quality l co-ordination and management of AIR QUALITY STRATEGY and noise issues, other than those Merseyside wide initiatives such as REVIEW AND ASSESSMENT associated with industrial sites under the Atmospheric Emissions Environment Agency enforcement, rests Inventory and Health Action Zone The Environment Act 1995 formally with local authorities. On Merseyside, proposals. requires local authorities to review and the five local authorities have assess air quality in their area against a established an organisational framework The integration of air quality and noise set of national objectives. These for integrated and cooperative issues into the LTP is being co- national air quality objectives have management of these issues. ordinated by a separate group of recently been revised and published in The Merseyside Pollution Group deals transport planners and environmental The Air Quality Strategy for England, with all pollution related issues on health professionals from across Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland Merseyside and includes Merseyside. This Transport and (The AQS) in January 2000. This representatives from all the Merseyside Environment group meets regularly to supersedes the 1997 National Air

117 merseyside LOCAL TRANSPORT PLAN 2001/2-2005/6 OPPORTUNITIES FOR ALL JULY 2000 AIR QUALITY, NOISE AND CLIMATE CHANGES

Quality Strategy. The objectives have Liverpool city centre is of particular The authorities now have much greater been given legal effect in England concern because of the number and confidence in the accuracy of the through the Air Quality (England) density of congested streets. Heavy updated AEI. The AEI is of great value Regulations 2000. National objectives concentrations of buses and taxis also because it provides : have been set for seven key pollutants: contribute significantly to the city centre l readily available information on existing benzene, 1,3-butadiene, carbon problems. Stage 2 and 3 assessments sources of pollution and the quantities of monoxide, lead, nitrogen dioxide, will include detailed modelling of the city pollutants emitted from each source; particles and sulphur dioxide. The centre to provide greater resolution in summary information on total pollutant achievement of the AQS objectives has defining problem areas. This work will l emissions by either sources or areas; been identified as a headline (key) feed into the review of traffic circulation performance indicator for the LTP. within Liverpool city centre and l an indication of the relative contribution of In accordance with these influence proposals for traffic different sources to total pollution levels on requirements, all the Merseyside management. Merseyside; authorities have been progressing with All the authorities are currently l input to air quality models being used in the the three stage process of air quality working on their Stage 2 and 3 Stage 2 review and assessment process. review and assessment. All five assessments, but none have completed authorities have completed and the process to date. All authorities The relative contribution of transport published their Stage 1 review and expect to complete their assessments sources to total emissions on assessment, which provides a general by the end of 2000. If the further Merseyside (from the AEI) and indication of areas/locations where assessment identifies areas where the nationally (DETR figures) is given in there is a risk of failing to meet one or national objectives will not be met by Table 3.18. more of the national objectives by the the required date, the authority is The information in the inventory and target dates. Second and third stage obliged to designate the area as an Air its future updates will be used to assess assessment is only required for those Quality Management Area (AQMA) and some of the environmental performance pollutants where a potential problem develop an air quality action plan for the indicators and targets, e.g. total exists. area. No AQMAs have yet been transport-related pollution emissions The results of the Stage 1 review and defined on Merseyside. and greenhouse gas (carbon dioxide) assessment on Merseyside show that, emissions. in each authority, further assessment will only be required for nitrogen ATMOSPHERIC dioxide, particles and sulphur dioxide. EMISSIONS INVENTORY CLIMATE CHANGE Of these, road transport emissions (GREENHOUSE GASES) make a significant contribution to In 1997, the Merseyside local nitrogen dioxide and particulates. authorities cooperated with the London Nationally, the transport sector is the The potential problem areas identified Research Centre in the production of an third largest source of greenhouse gas in the Stage 1 assessment are of two atmospheric emissions inventory (AEI) emissions, mainly carbon dioxide, but, main types : for Merseyside, as part of a DETR more significantly, it is also the fastest project. The AEI provides a growing source. This is why transport- l heavily trafficked radial routes and comprehensive coverage of pollutant related emissions of greenhouse gases motorways; sources, including 'mobile' (road, rail, is identified as an vital issue, both in the aeroplane and ship), 'point '(industrial LTP guidance and in the Government's l town centres, especially Liverpool sources, power stations, incinerators) Climate Change Draft UK Programme. city centre. and 'area' (domestic, agricultural etc.) Reducing transport related emissions sources. The quantities of pollutants has a important role in contributing to All the motorways (M62, M57, M58 and emitted from each of these sources and the UK's efforts to meet the M53) and most of the main roads on in total have been calculated in the commitments in the Kyoto Protocol on Merseyside (e.g. A580 East Lancashire inventory. Information on eight reducing worldwide greenhouse gas Road, A5058 Queen's Drive, A41 pollutants is included - nitrogen oxides, emissions. Chester Road, A59 Ormskirk Road, sulphur dioxide, carbon monoxide, The best available estimates of local A5047 Edge Lane, A57 Prescot Road, carbon dioxide, non-methane volatile carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions come A565 Liverpool Road and A5036 organic compounds, benzene, 1,3- from the Atmospheric Emissions Dunnings Bridge Road) will require butadiene and particulate matter. Inventory (AEI) (see above). This shows further assessment, mainly in relation to The original 1997 AEI was found to that industry is the dominant local nitrogen dioxide, because of the high contain some anomalies and it has source, accounting for 60% of CO2 traffic levels they carry. therefore been updated in 1999/2000. whereas transport accounts for about

118 AIR QUALITY, NOISE AND CLIMATE CHANGES

18%. The remainder is made up mainly measures in the LTP seek to keep this Noise is an issue receiving an from commercial and domestic sources. rise as small as possible, principally by increasing amount of attention, both as Carbon dioxide was not included in the promoting walking, cycling and public an environmental nuisance and update of the AEI in 1999/00, but it will transport as alternatives to the car and because of its effects on health. be updated for 2000/01. The AEI will providing the necessary infrastructure to Nationally, the Royal Commission on provide the means of monitoring total support transport choices. Environmental Pollution recognises that CO2 emissions on Merseyside and In addition, the TravelWise campaign "For the majority of people in the UK, estimating the contribution of transport. will continue to include climate change transport is the most pervasive source The LTP has an important role in as one of the issues to be considered in of noise in the environment". Noise minimising transport related greenhouse deciding on travel choices. All intrusion can be a major source of gas emissions, both through measures Merseyside authorities are also stress and dissatisfaction and its health to manage the volume of road traffic committed to the Local Agenda 21 effects are being increasingly and encourage the use of more process, which provides an umbrella for recognised. The Health Impact sustainable forms of transport. The co-ordinating action on the environment. Assessment of the LTP has considered Road Traffic Reduction Act report for There are strong links in each authority noise as one of the main health-related the LTP, however, predicts an increase between the technical groups impacts of transport and it has been in traffic on Merseyside, due to the developing the LTP and the LA21 assessed as part of the standard combination of a background increase strategies. This will ensure that appraisal methodology for transport in car ownership and use and additional measures proposed in the LTP are proposals and strategies. traffic resulting from economic incorporated into each authority's LA21 Transport noise, especially from road regeneration. These predictions indicate strategy. traffic, however, does not stimulate that there will inevitably be a rise in the significant numbers of complaints to total quantities of transport related environmental health departments, greenhouse gas emissions (and other NOISE presumably because it is regarded as pollutants) on Merseyside. The an unfortunate but inevitable part of

119 merseyside LOCAL TRANSPORT PLAN 2001/2-2005/6 OPPORTUNITIES FOR ALL JULY 2000 AIR QUALITY, NOISE AND CLIMATE CHANGES

AIR ‘BREATHING SPACE’

SEFTON COUNCIL'S AIR QUALITY STRATEGY n conjunction with its review and Iassessment process, Sefton Council has POLLUTION SCREENING FORM published a borough-wide air quality strategy. The aims of the strategy are : ne of the main achievements of the l to improve air quality in localities with OMerseyside transport and environment specific air quality problems;

group has been the development in 1998 l to promote ongoing improvements of of an air pollution screening form for use in air quality across Sefton; assessing all proposed transport schemes. The form is applied to schemes at the modern life. Complaints are not l to respond to pollution incidents. therefore an appropriate measure of the preliminary design stage and identifies a The strategy presents a series of specific level of noise nuisance on Merseyside. series of traffic related thresholds. objectives and actions related to each of Furthermore, the low level of complaint Proposed schemes at locations where the is no justification for a lack of action in the three aims and provides the basis for thresholds are exceeded require further, seeking to reduce noise levels. future air quality management in the more detailed assessment of the potential For this reason, the Transport and Borough. One of the key objectives is to air quality impacts. Environment group, together with the reduce emissions from the transport sector The traffic thresholds and subsequent Merseyside Noise Group is proposing a and the transport, planning and assessment were revised in 1999 to take Merseyside-wide study of existing noise environmental health services in Sefton account of the review and assessment conditions leading to the development have been working closely together in the process and the revised methods for air of a noise strategy. The strategy will development of the strategy. This close quality assessment in the DETR's Design address opportunities for improving cooperation will be essential in the delivery noise conditions on Merseyside and Manual for Roads and Bridges. The use of of the strategy. the form compliments the approach given also identify requirements and appropriate methods for monitoring and in government guidance on the appraisal Proposed actions focus on : review. HAZ funding is being sought for of transport schemes and the preparation this study, which, subject to the l vehicle emissions testing and of appraisal summary tables (ASTs). allocation of funding, should be enforcement; All the Merseyside authorities have completed in 2001. promotion of clean vehicles, including agreed to use the form to assess proposed l Alongside this study, a screening form increasing the proportion of clean fuelled transport schemes and ensure that air similar to the air pollution form is being vehicles in the Council fleet; quality issues are addressed at the design developed. This will be completed in stage. The implementation of the form to 2000 and will be used to assess the l integration of land use and transport date has been reviewed. In some of the noise impacts of local authority planning; authorities, small schemes where traffic transport schemes. This will provide the l promotion of green transport plans for levels are well below the threshold (e.g. in opportunity for including noise reduction businesses and support for the residential areas) have been pre-screened or management measures into such proposals, e.g. quieter road surfaces, authority's green transport plan; and the form has not been used. The form barriers to absorb or deflect noise, has been applied to a total of 163 l promotion of and support for school traffic flow smoothing and speed travel plans; schemes, with 23 of these requiring further management. assessment. l support for TravelWise The form is continuing to be rolled out through the authorities so that all the LTP TRANSPORT, HEALTH l assessment of proposed transport proposals will be subject to the form and AND ENVIRONMENT schemes for air quality impacts (through can be formally and consistently assessed the use of the Merseyside air pollution for their effects on air quality. It is also It is widely recognised that there are screening form) important links between transport, planned to expand the form to include an l identify potential for traffic environmental conditions and health. assessment of effects on noise (see management schemes on air quality These are discussed in detail in the overleaf). grounds. Department of Health's publication

120 AIR QUALITY, NOISE AND CLIMATE CHANGES

entitled 'Making THE Links'. Merseyside to result in a reduction in transport has been taking the lead in addressing REVIEW OF POTENTIAL EFFECTS related emissions, over and above the these links, both through the OF LTP ON AIR QUALITY, NOISE reductions expected from the establishment of the Transport, Health AND GREENHOUSE GASES improvements in engine technology in and Environment Forum and the newer vehicles. The relationship completion of a comprehensive Health The appraisals of the components of between the quantities of pollutant Impact Assessment (HIA) of the LTP. the LTP, including the proposed major emissions and the concentrations of Key elements of the HIA are the links schemes, the public transport strategy pollutants in the air is complex and a between transport, especially road and the corridor and centre strategies, reduction in emissions does not traffic, emissions, air quality and health have included a qualitative assessment guarantee a noticeable change in air and between noise and health, of the possible effects on air quality and quality. Nevertheless, ongoing especially mental health (stress). The noise, in accordance with government reductions in emissions will have a HIA has included a detailed study of the guidance on appraisals. The appraisal positive effect in the long term. This will relationships between air quality and summary tables provide the conclusions be most important where emissions health, based on real air quality of this assessment. Through the lifetime from transport are the main sources of monitoring data and local area health of the LTP, all the major schemes and pollution (e.g. for nitrogen dioxide). statistics for Merseyside. many of the minor capital works will be The THE Forum will ensure the the subject of detailed air quality and continuing integration of these issues at noise appraisals by the partner a Merseyside level and will support the authorities. development of local relationships, e.g. Overall, the measures proposed in the with the individual health authorities and LTP are expected to have a beneficial health improvement committees, in effect on air quality, noise and each of the local authorities. greenhouse gas emissions on Merseyside. Many measures are likely

121 merseyside LOCAL TRANSPORT PLAN 2001/2-2005/6 OPPORTUNITIES FOR ALL JULY 2000 AIR QUALITY, NOISE AND CLIMATE CHANGES

LTP MEASURES/OUTPUTS LIKELY TO LTP MEASURES/OUTPUTS LIKELY TO RESULT IN ENVIRONMENTAL BENEFIT, IN RESULT IN ENVIRONMENTAL DISBENEFIT, TERMS OF A REDUCTION IN EITHER IN TERMS OF AN INCREASE IN EITHER POLLUTION EMISSIONS, NOISE OR POLLUTION EMISSIONS, NOISE OR GREENHOUSE GAS EMISSIONS GREENHOUSE GAS EMISSIONS

l Freight routing and restrictions to take freight off l Continuing traffic growth due to increasing car environmentally sensitive routes. ownership and increased car use.

l Public transport improvements and promotion to l Support of economic regeneration is likely to result in achieve greater public transport patronage and modal increased business traffic, both commuters and switch from the private car. freight/goods movements.

l Measures to promote cycling and walking instead of l Freight routing will result in concentration of heavy car use, especially for short journeys. goods traffic on specified routes with resultant effects on air quality and noise. l Travel awareness programme (TravelWise) to improve awareness of transport choice and its environmental impacts.

l Park & Ride strategy to increase use of park and ride (especially rail-based) and reduce car use, especially for commuting.

l Town centre parking restrictions to cap commuter parking and stimulate use of alternative transport means for commuting.

l Planning requirements on new developments for transport assessments, incorporation of support for non-car transport modes and establishment of green travel plans.

l Promotion of green transport plans for businesses and school travel plans to encourage a shift from car use to alternative transport modes.

l Implementation of SCOOT traffic signal management systems as a means of reducing congestion and improving traffic flow.Increase the proportion of new and/or environmentally friendly buses in the total Merseyside bus fleet.

l Increase the proportion of new and/or environmentally friendly buses in the total Merseyside bus fleet.

122 AIR QUALITY, NOISE AND CLIMATE CHANGES

ransport, especially road traffic, authorities plus Halton. This group has discuss recent monitoring results, Tis one of the most significant an overview role in dealing with air consider the implications of transport factors affecting today's quality, noise, water quality and emissions and noise and identify environment, in particular air contaminated land. There are specific potential measures for managing or quality and noise levels. The LTP sub-groups of the Pollution Group that reducing the environmental impacts of therefore has a vital role to play in deal with the different pollution issues. transport. As well as preparing the determining the future quality of These include the Merseyside Air environmental input to the LTP, the the environment on Merseyside. Quality Management Group and the group has provided input to the Health Merseyside Noise Group. Both the Air Impact Assessment (HIA) of the LTP The LTP provides an opportunity for co- Quality and the Noise groups are made and is also taking the lead in specific ordinated action from environmental, up of representatives from the projects funded through the Merseyside transport and health professionals in environmental health departments of Health Action Zone (HAZ). both the public and private sectors to the Merseyside authorities. The groups The group also actively contributes to address existing environmental provide an opportunity for : the Merseyside Transport Health and problems and ensure that future Environment (THE) Forum. The THE transport proposals help to alleviate l liaison and exchange of ideas and Forum has been established to provide such problems, not make them worse. information on Merseyside wide a common approach to transport, health basis; and environment policies and foster close working relationships between AIR QUALITY AND NOISE l appraisal of Merseyside wide these different sectors. MANAGEMENT ON MERSEYSIDE proposals requiring joint funding;

Responsibility for managing air quality l co-ordination and management of AIR QUALITY STRATEGY and noise issues, other than those Merseyside wide initiatives such as REVIEW AND ASSESSMENT associated with industrial sites under the Atmospheric Emissions Environment Agency enforcement, rests Inventory and Health Action Zone The Environment Act 1995 formally with local authorities. On Merseyside, proposals. requires local authorities to review and the five local authorities have assess air quality in their area against a established an organisational framework The integration of air quality and noise set of national objectives. These for integrated and cooperative issues into the LTP is being co- national air quality objectives have management of these issues. ordinated by a separate group of recently been revised and published in The Merseyside Pollution Group deals transport planners and environmental The Air Quality Strategy for England, with all pollution related issues on health professionals from across Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland Merseyside and includes Merseyside. This Transport and (The AQS) in January 2000. This representatives from all the Merseyside Environment group meets regularly to supersedes the 1997 National Air

117 merseyside LOCAL TRANSPORT PLAN 2001/2-2005/6 OPPORTUNITIES FOR ALL JULY 2000 AIR QUALITY, NOISE AND CLIMATE CHANGES

Quality Strategy. The objectives have Liverpool city centre is of particular The authorities now have much greater been given legal effect in England concern because of the number and confidence in the accuracy of the through the Air Quality (England) density of congested streets. Heavy updated AEI. The AEI is of great value Regulations 2000. National objectives concentrations of buses and taxis also because it provides : have been set for seven key pollutants: contribute significantly to the city centre l readily available information on existing benzene, 1,3-butadiene, carbon problems. Stage 2 and 3 assessments sources of pollution and the quantities of monoxide, lead, nitrogen dioxide, will include detailed modelling of the city pollutants emitted from each source; particles and sulphur dioxide. The centre to provide greater resolution in summary information on total pollutant achievement of the AQS objectives has defining problem areas. This work will l emissions by either sources or areas; been identified as a headline (key) feed into the review of traffic circulation performance indicator for the LTP. within Liverpool city centre and l an indication of the relative contribution of In accordance with these influence proposals for traffic different sources to total pollution levels on requirements, all the Merseyside management. Merseyside; authorities have been progressing with All the authorities are currently l input to air quality models being used in the the three stage process of air quality working on their Stage 2 and 3 Stage 2 review and assessment process. review and assessment. All five assessments, but none have completed authorities have completed and the process to date. All authorities The relative contribution of transport published their Stage 1 review and expect to complete their assessments sources to total emissions on assessment, which provides a general by the end of 2000. If the further Merseyside (from the AEI) and indication of areas/locations where assessment identifies areas where the nationally (DETR figures) is given in there is a risk of failing to meet one or national objectives will not be met by Table 3.18. more of the national objectives by the the required date, the authority is The information in the inventory and target dates. Second and third stage obliged to designate the area as an Air its future updates will be used to assess assessment is only required for those Quality Management Area (AQMA) and some of the environmental performance pollutants where a potential problem develop an air quality action plan for the indicators and targets, e.g. total exists. area. No AQMAs have yet been transport-related pollution emissions The results of the Stage 1 review and defined on Merseyside. and greenhouse gas (carbon dioxide) assessment on Merseyside show that, emissions. in each authority, further assessment will only be required for nitrogen ATMOSPHERIC dioxide, particles and sulphur dioxide. EMISSIONS INVENTORY CLIMATE CHANGE Of these, road transport emissions (GREENHOUSE GASES) make a significant contribution to In 1997, the Merseyside local nitrogen dioxide and particulates. authorities cooperated with the London Nationally, the transport sector is the The potential problem areas identified Research Centre in the production of an third largest source of greenhouse gas in the Stage 1 assessment are of two atmospheric emissions inventory (AEI) emissions, mainly carbon dioxide, but, main types : for Merseyside, as part of a DETR more significantly, it is also the fastest project. The AEI provides a growing source. This is why transport- l heavily trafficked radial routes and comprehensive coverage of pollutant related emissions of greenhouse gases motorways; sources, including 'mobile' (road, rail, is identified as an vital issue, both in the aeroplane and ship), 'point '(industrial LTP guidance and in the Government's l town centres, especially Liverpool sources, power stations, incinerators) Climate Change Draft UK Programme. city centre. and 'area' (domestic, agricultural etc.) Reducing transport related emissions sources. The quantities of pollutants has a important role in contributing to All the motorways (M62, M57, M58 and emitted from each of these sources and the UK's efforts to meet the M53) and most of the main roads on in total have been calculated in the commitments in the Kyoto Protocol on Merseyside (e.g. A580 East Lancashire inventory. Information on eight reducing worldwide greenhouse gas Road, A5058 Queen's Drive, A41 pollutants is included - nitrogen oxides, emissions. Chester Road, A59 Ormskirk Road, sulphur dioxide, carbon monoxide, The best available estimates of local A5047 Edge Lane, A57 Prescot Road, carbon dioxide, non-methane volatile carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions come A565 Liverpool Road and A5036 organic compounds, benzene, 1,3- from the Atmospheric Emissions Dunnings Bridge Road) will require butadiene and particulate matter. Inventory (AEI) (see above). This shows further assessment, mainly in relation to The original 1997 AEI was found to that industry is the dominant local nitrogen dioxide, because of the high contain some anomalies and it has source, accounting for 60% of CO2 traffic levels they carry. therefore been updated in 1999/2000. whereas transport accounts for about

118 AIR QUALITY, NOISE AND CLIMATE CHANGES

18%. The remainder is made up mainly measures in the LTP seek to keep this Noise is an issue receiving an from commercial and domestic sources. rise as small as possible, principally by increasing amount of attention, both as Carbon dioxide was not included in the promoting walking, cycling and public an environmental nuisance and update of the AEI in 1999/00, but it will transport as alternatives to the car and because of its effects on health. be updated for 2000/01. The AEI will providing the necessary infrastructure to Nationally, the Royal Commission on provide the means of monitoring total support transport choices. Environmental Pollution recognises that CO2 emissions on Merseyside and In addition, the TravelWise campaign "For the majority of people in the UK, estimating the contribution of transport. will continue to include climate change transport is the most pervasive source The LTP has an important role in as one of the issues to be considered in of noise in the environment". Noise minimising transport related greenhouse deciding on travel choices. All intrusion can be a major source of gas emissions, both through measures Merseyside authorities are also stress and dissatisfaction and its health to manage the volume of road traffic committed to the Local Agenda 21 effects are being increasingly and encourage the use of more process, which provides an umbrella for recognised. The Health Impact sustainable forms of transport. The co-ordinating action on the environment. Assessment of the LTP has considered Road Traffic Reduction Act report for There are strong links in each authority noise as one of the main health-related the LTP, however, predicts an increase between the technical groups impacts of transport and it has been in traffic on Merseyside, due to the developing the LTP and the LA21 assessed as part of the standard combination of a background increase strategies. This will ensure that appraisal methodology for transport in car ownership and use and additional measures proposed in the LTP are proposals and strategies. traffic resulting from economic incorporated into each authority's LA21 Transport noise, especially from road regeneration. These predictions indicate strategy. traffic, however, does not stimulate that there will inevitably be a rise in the significant numbers of complaints to total quantities of transport related environmental health departments, greenhouse gas emissions (and other NOISE presumably because it is regarded as pollutants) on Merseyside. The an unfortunate but inevitable part of

119 merseyside LOCAL TRANSPORT PLAN 2001/2-2005/6 OPPORTUNITIES FOR ALL JULY 2000 AIR QUALITY, NOISE AND CLIMATE CHANGES

AIR ‘BREATHING SPACE’

SEFTON COUNCIL'S AIR QUALITY STRATEGY n conjunction with its review and Iassessment process, Sefton Council has POLLUTION SCREENING FORM published a borough-wide air quality strategy. The aims of the strategy are : ne of the main achievements of the l to improve air quality in localities with OMerseyside transport and environment specific air quality problems;

group has been the development in 1998 l to promote ongoing improvements of of an air pollution screening form for use in air quality across Sefton; assessing all proposed transport schemes. The form is applied to schemes at the modern life. Complaints are not l to respond to pollution incidents. therefore an appropriate measure of the preliminary design stage and identifies a The strategy presents a series of specific level of noise nuisance on Merseyside. series of traffic related thresholds. objectives and actions related to each of Furthermore, the low level of complaint Proposed schemes at locations where the is no justification for a lack of action in the three aims and provides the basis for thresholds are exceeded require further, seeking to reduce noise levels. future air quality management in the more detailed assessment of the potential For this reason, the Transport and Borough. One of the key objectives is to air quality impacts. Environment group, together with the reduce emissions from the transport sector The traffic thresholds and subsequent Merseyside Noise Group is proposing a and the transport, planning and assessment were revised in 1999 to take Merseyside-wide study of existing noise environmental health services in Sefton account of the review and assessment conditions leading to the development have been working closely together in the process and the revised methods for air of a noise strategy. The strategy will development of the strategy. This close quality assessment in the DETR's Design address opportunities for improving cooperation will be essential in the delivery noise conditions on Merseyside and Manual for Roads and Bridges. The use of of the strategy. the form compliments the approach given also identify requirements and appropriate methods for monitoring and in government guidance on the appraisal Proposed actions focus on : review. HAZ funding is being sought for of transport schemes and the preparation this study, which, subject to the l vehicle emissions testing and of appraisal summary tables (ASTs). allocation of funding, should be enforcement; All the Merseyside authorities have completed in 2001. promotion of clean vehicles, including agreed to use the form to assess proposed l Alongside this study, a screening form increasing the proportion of clean fuelled transport schemes and ensure that air similar to the air pollution form is being vehicles in the Council fleet; quality issues are addressed at the design developed. This will be completed in stage. The implementation of the form to 2000 and will be used to assess the l integration of land use and transport date has been reviewed. In some of the noise impacts of local authority planning; authorities, small schemes where traffic transport schemes. This will provide the l promotion of green transport plans for levels are well below the threshold (e.g. in opportunity for including noise reduction businesses and support for the residential areas) have been pre-screened or management measures into such proposals, e.g. quieter road surfaces, authority's green transport plan; and the form has not been used. The form barriers to absorb or deflect noise, has been applied to a total of 163 l promotion of and support for school traffic flow smoothing and speed travel plans; schemes, with 23 of these requiring further management. assessment. l support for TravelWise The form is continuing to be rolled out through the authorities so that all the LTP TRANSPORT, HEALTH l assessment of proposed transport proposals will be subject to the form and AND ENVIRONMENT schemes for air quality impacts (through can be formally and consistently assessed the use of the Merseyside air pollution for their effects on air quality. It is also It is widely recognised that there are screening form) important links between transport, planned to expand the form to include an l identify potential for traffic environmental conditions and health. assessment of effects on noise (see management schemes on air quality These are discussed in detail in the overleaf). grounds. Department of Health's publication

120 AIR QUALITY, NOISE AND CLIMATE CHANGES

entitled 'Making THE Links'. Merseyside to result in a reduction in transport has been taking the lead in addressing REVIEW OF POTENTIAL EFFECTS related emissions, over and above the these links, both through the OF LTP ON AIR QUALITY, NOISE reductions expected from the establishment of the Transport, Health AND GREENHOUSE GASES improvements in engine technology in and Environment Forum and the newer vehicles. The relationship completion of a comprehensive Health The appraisals of the components of between the quantities of pollutant Impact Assessment (HIA) of the LTP. the LTP, including the proposed major emissions and the concentrations of Key elements of the HIA are the links schemes, the public transport strategy pollutants in the air is complex and a between transport, especially road and the corridor and centre strategies, reduction in emissions does not traffic, emissions, air quality and health have included a qualitative assessment guarantee a noticeable change in air and between noise and health, of the possible effects on air quality and quality. Nevertheless, ongoing especially mental health (stress). The noise, in accordance with government reductions in emissions will have a HIA has included a detailed study of the guidance on appraisals. The appraisal positive effect in the long term. This will relationships between air quality and summary tables provide the conclusions be most important where emissions health, based on real air quality of this assessment. Through the lifetime from transport are the main sources of monitoring data and local area health of the LTP, all the major schemes and pollution (e.g. for nitrogen dioxide). statistics for Merseyside. many of the minor capital works will be The THE Forum will ensure the the subject of detailed air quality and continuing integration of these issues at noise appraisals by the partner a Merseyside level and will support the authorities. development of local relationships, e.g. Overall, the measures proposed in the with the individual health authorities and LTP are expected to have a beneficial health improvement committees, in effect on air quality, noise and each of the local authorities. greenhouse gas emissions on Merseyside. Many measures are likely

121 merseyside LOCAL TRANSPORT PLAN 2001/2-2005/6 OPPORTUNITIES FOR ALL JULY 2000 AIR QUALITY, NOISE AND CLIMATE CHANGES

LTP MEASURES/OUTPUTS LIKELY TO LTP MEASURES/OUTPUTS LIKELY TO RESULT IN ENVIRONMENTAL BENEFIT, IN RESULT IN ENVIRONMENTAL DISBENEFIT, TERMS OF A REDUCTION IN EITHER IN TERMS OF AN INCREASE IN EITHER POLLUTION EMISSIONS, NOISE OR POLLUTION EMISSIONS, NOISE OR GREENHOUSE GAS EMISSIONS GREENHOUSE GAS EMISSIONS

l Freight routing and restrictions to take freight off l Continuing traffic growth due to increasing car environmentally sensitive routes. ownership and increased car use.

l Public transport improvements and promotion to l Support of economic regeneration is likely to result in achieve greater public transport patronage and modal increased business traffic, both commuters and switch from the private car. freight/goods movements.

l Measures to promote cycling and walking instead of l Freight routing will result in concentration of heavy car use, especially for short journeys. goods traffic on specified routes with resultant effects on air quality and noise. l Travel awareness programme (TravelWise) to improve awareness of transport choice and its environmental impacts.

l Park & Ride strategy to increase use of park and ride (especially rail-based) and reduce car use, especially for commuting.

l Town centre parking restrictions to cap commuter parking and stimulate use of alternative transport means for commuting.

l Planning requirements on new developments for transport assessments, incorporation of support for non-car transport modes and establishment of green travel plans.

l Promotion of green transport plans for businesses and school travel plans to encourage a shift from car use to alternative transport modes.

l Implementation of SCOOT traffic signal management systems as a means of reducing congestion and improving traffic flow.Increase the proportion of new and/or environmentally friendly buses in the total Merseyside bus fleet.

l Increase the proportion of new and/or environmentally friendly buses in the total Merseyside bus fleet.

122 WALKING

alking is the most travel time walking. Persuading people l the removal of obstacles for pedestrians to Wfundamental mode of to walk either on its own or in create more direct pedestrian routes transport available. As a conjunction with public transport would consequence, walking lies at the help to reduce car dependence and heart of the Merseyside tackle congestion. LTP Strategy. As well as being an essential form of transport, walking also has many other Most journeys involve walking, and form important benefits too, which include an integral part of living in towns and being: cities. Walking is the most environmentally sustainable, healthy l free, making it an instantly and most socially accessible form of accessible form of travel available to transport. many regardless of personal Walking should therefore be income; considered as both: l healthy, having been described by l the preferred form of personal transport health experts as the "nearest over short distances; and activity to perfect exercise"; l an integral part of all journeys at the origin, l sociable, not only as a form of destination and during any necessary recreation, but also increased interchange. numbers on the street would help reduce the fear of crime; and The Merseyside Walking Strategy will help to achieve these goals. l environmentally sustainable and central to improving the environment of our towns and city centre. OPPORTUNITIES

On Merseyside, walking accounts for a PUBLIC CONSULTATION quarter of all trips and eight out of ten trips under one mile involve at least one Strong support was identified for: walk, as do most bus and train l better maintained pedestrian routes journeys. Furthermore, on average, safer pedestrian routes and crossings people spend around a fifth of their total l

123 merseyside LOCAL TRANSPORT PLAN 2001/2-2005/6 OPPORTUNITIES FOR ALL JULY 2000 WALKING

l co-ordinated action to prevent cars being l Plenty of attractive open spaces for people to l to improve the walking experience by: parked indiscriminately on pavements and sit and relax. a) giving pedestrians greater priority footways Better signage of pedestrian routes, including l b) improving the general pedestrian greater traffic speed enforcement especially signs which help guide disabled people l environment, and in residential areas. around the City Centre. c) reducing the fear of crime and improving Expansion of the City Navigators scheme. l personal safety

CONSULTATION IN l to improve the image of walking through THE CITY CENTRE publicity and education programmes, THE MERSEYSIDE including promoting walking as part of a The need to create more attractive WALKING STRATEGY healthier lifestyle. pedestrian environments in Liverpool l to promote walking as a leisure and City Centre emerged as a key priority in The Partners, in conjunction with tourism activity. the community consultation exercise representatives from the Health carried out by Liverpool Vision, Authorities and the Pedestrian l to ensure that all public rights of way are Merseytravel and Liverpool City Association, are currently developing a legally defined and properly maintained. Council in March 2000. Walking Strategy for Merseyside (due to A safer pedestrian environment was be published in December 2000). felt to be a necessity especially for The emerging Merseyside Walking KEY ELEMENTS OF THE those with disabilities. Key priorities to Strategy will be subject to wide public WALKING STRATEGY improve the pedestrian environment and key stakeholder consultation as the include: Partners seek to develop partnerships The Strategy will seek to implement a l Better lighting. with all relevant bodies to improve the 'Streets for People' policy to achieve environment for pedestrians. these principles through establishing an Improved pavements and no l urban and rural pedestrian network to uneven surfaces. identify priorities for improvement, by l A secure environment with CCTV. PRINCIPLES OF THE EMERGING identifying: WALKING STRATEGY l Clear priority for pedestrians. l locations where pedestrians should have priority (e.g. in town and local centres, and l Delivery vehicles in the pedestrianised areas l to seek to fully integrate pedestrian policies residential areas). were felt to be a constant problem. into all appropriate and complementary policies, plans and strategies on issues such l direct, convenient and safe routes for walking l Removal of barriers to allow more direct as transportation, education, health, leisure (linking destinations such as residential areas, pedestrian routes, following desire lines, and the environment. leisure facilities - including play areas - through the City Centre. Barriers identified employment centres, shopping areas public include: major roads, and shopping l to improve the accessibility for the mobility transport interchanges, and schools). centres closed outside opening hours. impaired and create a safer environment for pedestrians. l rights of way, Greenways, quiet roads and other rural routes. l Improve pedestrian links across the Strand.

124 WALKING

PEDESTRIANISED CROSBY CENTRE, SEFTON CCTV

l new opportunities for footways and footpaths (the "missing links"). junctions where this supports more EXAMPLE: FARNBOROUGH ROAD walking. JUNIOR AND INFANT SCHOOL l key accident ‘blackspots’. o tackle congestion outside the school, to Promoting walking, in partnership with Tdevelop walking routes in the area and to How pedestrians will be given priority: other organisations, through initiatives such as green travel plans; Health promote cycling, Sefton Council, following l Creating and extending pedestrian Improvement Plans (HImPs); detailed surveys and participation exercises, priority areas in residential areas TravelWise and Local Agenda 21 introduced: and the main and local centres initiatives. l A school zone next to the school - across Merseyside. comprising warning signs, traffic calming Improving Maintenance: Promoting measures and crossing points l Ensuring developments cater for the and publicising standards of service for l Improved crossings - new traffic lights needs of pedestrians. cleaning, maintenance, winter with a pedestrian phase; and dropped maintenance and provision of footways, crossings to assist push chair and wheel l Reallocating road space to crossings, lighting etc. chair access pedestrians, for example through Improving Safety: Reducing the Stop, Look and Listen signs at every wider pavements and number and severity of pedestrian l pedestrianisation. casualties (including footway falls) by crossing point to remind the children not to identifying areas for better speed run across the road l Providing more pedestrian crossings enforcement and traffic reduction, l A Safer Route to follow, marked out by at desired locations. including: yellow (pavement stencil) pencils pointing

l Introducing traffic calming in "home zones" the way to school; and l Reducing pedestrian waiting times and some country lanes (e.g. Greenways l Ongoing classroom and theatre in at traffic signals and giving them and Quiet Lanes). education sessions to reinforce the messages priority in the allocation of time at of improved safety, environment and health. l Extending the number of Safer Routes to

125 WALKING

Schools projects and traffic calming near Routes'; and ensuring appropriate lighting. schools (see also 'TravelWise' and IMPLEMENTING THE STRATEGY 'Improving Safety'). l Road crossings. SAFER ROUTES TO SCHOOL We must 'plan for pedestrians'. It is l Reducing conflicts between cyclists important to ensure that their needs are and pedestrians. To date, 24 schools on Merseyside not overlooked but are catered for as a have introduced safer routes and / or matter of course when planning, l Addressing issues related to the school travel plans. The Partners would designing, building and managing mobility impaired. like to ensure that such measures are highways and public rights of way. In being developed in half the schools particular the Partners will ensure that Improving the general pedestrian across Merseyside by the end of this the needs of people with mobility environment by: LTP. difficulties are taken into account in the l Improving footpath maintenance planning and design of new and cleanliness. Interchange: Improving facilities infrastructure. provided for pedestrians who use public There is also a great deal of work transport at interchange points and already being progressed by the l Addressing issues of obstruction along those routes used to access Partners on issues such as cleansing, (e.g. pavement parking). public transport (see also 'Public maintenance, personal safety, planning, Transport') engineering, road safety, public rights of l Promoting aesthetic and amenity improvements to the pedestrian environment way, promotion, etc. and along routes (e.g. trees, townscape, As a leisure activity by The emerging Walking Strategy will shop fronts, facades, views, fountains, l promotional material such as the include a number of steps including: amenities, public art, etc.). Merseytravel "Walkabout" guides Access Audits: to identify barriers to The definition, maintenance, publicising, l Improving route signage and provision l accessibility: and prioritisation of areas promoting and safeguarding of public rights of information. for pedestrian reviews. of way, Greenways and Quiet Roads etc l addressing personal security concerns by (see also 'Rural Issues'). promoting and publicising CCTVs; Identifying maintenance priorities considering the development of 'Night (including repairs and winter

CASE STUDY: LIVERPOOL CITY CENTRE GOLD ZONE

roviding a cleaner more attractive SPEAKING UP

Ppedestrian environment in Liverpool City l Establishing uniformed Gold Zone Crews Centre is the driving force behind Liverpool to patrol the Gold Zones , monitoring City Council's 'Gold Zone' initiative. environmental standards and reporting Gold Zones will improve the city centre in a any problems with street cleanliness, three pronged campaign: paving and refuse collection Encouraging local businesses and the CLEANING UP l community to participate in the Gold l keeping the city clean and attractive for Zone initiative. residents, businesses and visitors

l Attacking litter and graffiti Colin York (City Manager) states: l Cleaning the pavements with a special "The Gold Zone is a partnership based street washing machine initiative which focuses our collective efforts l Waging war on fly posting on making the City Centre environment BRIGHTENING UP cleaner, greener and safer for everyone who l Street entertainment and events lives, visits or works in the City Centre" l Decoration and street lights at special times

l Hanging baskets and flower beds

126 WALKING

CASE STUDY: LIVERPOOL HAT

iverpool Housing Action Trust, in recommends that the in Croxteth and their replacement with a new Lpartnership with Merseytravel, has maximum distance from purpose built older people's village and developed comprehensive guidelines any dwelling to a bus mixed family accommodation. designed to improve accessibility to stop should be 400 A pedestrian friendly environment and easy housing developments. meters or less (walking access to public transport is very important to A high proportion of HAT residents time of 5 minutes) our older residents in particular, so LHAT are elderly, suffer from mobility These guidelines have schemes like this across the City are being impairment and do not have access been used to determine developed to our "Design for Travel" criteria. to a car. A good pedestrian improvements to At Storrington Heys, the residents environment and easy access to pedestrian routes as association has also purchased a mini-bus public transport is therefore of critical part of the with grant aid from the HAT importance to them. The guidance sets out redevelopment of Storrington Heys a and the National Lottery, to recommended walking distances from Liverpool HAT run development at Croxteth. help with days out and journeys people's homes to public transport. Tom Clay, Director of Development at which are not easily reached by The guide recommends that developers Liverpool HAT stated: public transport." should ensure new development is easily "The Storrington Heys Development accessible by public transport. It includes the demolition of five tower blocks

maintenance) recognising: also 'Integrating land Use and 3. Shared off-road facilities Transport Planning') Consulting all key service providers and l Accident risk. integrating policies from partnership Safety: Identifying and prioritising local working such as the police and health l Whole life and remedial costs. safety schemes paying regard to safety authorities (particularly in relation to the considerations) and the role of the Health Action Zones) l Role of the route in the location in the pedestrian network, walking network. including:

Shopmobility: Working with the l provision of pedestrian crossings THE WALKING ENVIRONMENT voluntary, statutory and private sectors, and refuges. AND ITS CONTRIBUTION TO and potential users to extend the OTHER INITIATIVES number of Shopmobility schemes (see l other traffic management measures. also ‘Accessibility for All’) Improvements to walking and the Planning: Reviewing the UDPs and Continuing to undertake and review the general pedestrian environment feature planning policies to: current road safety training and publicity as a key element of the following programmes (see also 'Improving strategies: l ensure that the land use mix, layout Safety'). and design of development is safe, l City and Town Centre Improvement attractive and convenient for Priority: identify opportunities for re- Programmes. walking; including producing timing signals to favour people on foot pedestrian friendly guidelines for l Creation of Home Zones and traffic new housing and commercial Design: calmed areas. development; l Adopting good design standards and best l Regeneration strategies such as practice, as recommended in the Urban Task l increase residential densities, New Deal for Communities and Force Report and the DETR revised Design promote mixed land uses and SRB. Bulletin 32. encourage more residential development in the main centres; l Ensuring walking and cycling measures are l Residential area improvements such complimentary, and minimise the potential as Estate Action Programmes and l Identifying and maximising the for conflict by adopting the following Housing Action Trusts. potential for walking to meet the preference order; travel demands of development 1. Segregated off-road provision including seeking developer TARGETS contributions where appropriate (see 2. Separate walking provision

127 merseyside LOCAL TRANSPORT PLAN 2001/2-2005/6 OPPORTUNITIES FOR ALL JULY 2000 CYCLING

ycling is an ideal form of significant modal shift to cycling (and own cycling strategy to meet the Ctransport for many short other non-polluting modes) during the standards outlined in the emerging journeys. It is sustainable, healthy term of this Local Transport Plan. As Merseyside Cycling Strategy, in and arguably an accessible mode part of our road-user hierarchy the addition, ensuring consistency across due to the costs involved. The partners will give priority to cyclists, Merseyside, and with the Government's partners will therefore encourage along with pedestrians, in the design Integrated Transport White Paper and its use for many short journeys by: and planning of all highway the National Cycling Strategy. The infrastructure, although it is recognised Merseyside and local authority cycle l Developing a safe and convenient that in certain circumstances alternative strategies will be reviewed as part of the cycle network. routes and facilities may be more LTP process every 5 years. appropriate, particularly to avoid and l Giving cyclists priority in accord with eliminate potential conflicts. Whilst the Target: Each local authority will produce a the appropriate mode hierarchy. partners intend to fulfil the long term revised cycling strategy in line with the target in the National Cycling Strategy Merseyside Cycling Strategy by April 2001. l Cycling facilities. (Department of Transport, 1996), of quadrupling cycle usage by 2012, the Furthermore, a key element of the Merseyside Merseyside authorities, as has been Cycling Strategy is the application of a Road- OPPORTUNITIES recognised nationally, will be unable to User Hierarchy, which affords top priority - meet the short term target of doubling jointly with pedestrians - for cyclists within all Cycling has a major role to play in cycle use by 2002. In recognition of this local and district centres, and along many achieving the LTP's overall objectives, our target for the increase in cycle roads within the network. to demonstrate this, our vision for usage on Merseyside has been cycling on Merseyside is: amended. CYCLE NETWORK "To increase cycle use in order to reduce the The headline target to measure this use of private cars and improve the quality of increase is: The partners will institute a life for all. This is to be achieved by developing comprehensive network of cycling a transport infrastructure that is safe, “To increase the overall modal share of trips facilities, as shown in Figure 3.23, convenient, efficient and attractive for by cycle to 4.0% by 2006 and to 8% by 2012” planned in accordance with the cyclists" (The Merseyside Transport Authorities, 1999). procedures outlined in “Cycle-Friendly infrastructure” (The Institute of Previous package bid submissions have Highways and Transportation). Best provided a basic cycling infrastructure STRATEGY practice is difficult to show locally given that needs to be developed further. The the limited amount of cycling that partners are determined to make a Each local authority will review their currently exists on Merseyside.

129 merseyside LOCAL TRANSPORT PLAN 2001/2-2005/6 OPPORTUNITIES FOR ALL JULY 2000 CYCLING

However, the partners endeavour to with surrounding areas. The network SSDAs will be completed by 2006. ensure that best practice is adopted and combines both on and off-road routes, wherever possible exceeded, and have providing a greater degree of autonomy consequently adopted the London Cycle and accessibility to facilities and Network Design Guidelines (London employment and education Cycle Network Steering Group, 1998). opportunities for local residents and the To assist in this Liverpool City Council people of Merseyside. The many have recently been accepted to take complementary effects, such as social part in the first year of the Cycling integration, improved personal health Touring Club Best Value Benchmarking and reduced environmental impact that project. This will involve visits to each of the network will deliver, will also be the participating 11 authorities, supported through Health Improvement workshops and self-audits. Participants Programmes and TravelWise initiatives. will agree action plans using the results of the benchmarking process to Target: By 2005, 40% of all journeys implement their cycle strategies in under 3 miles, will be undertaken by subsequent years. In order to ensure walking and cycling combined. Best Practice is adopted across Merseyside, the results of this process The core network (strategic routes will be shared with the partners within within and between the Pathways and our regular monthly working group SSD areas), is programmed to be meetings. completed by the end of the first five year plan, with the remainder of the A Merseyside cycle network will provide for a network to be completed by 2012. The significant change in the provision of facilities network is dependent on part funding for cyclists such as cycle-lanes and cycle through the Objective One programme parking, leading to modal shift. The network and is supported by the Single also allows the partners to integrate measures Programming Document. to assist cyclists with other transport and In addition to this network, the planning development, such as public Merseyside authorities will also be transport interchanges and new leisure and implementing complementary cycle public buildings. routes and facilities as part of their individual cycling strategies and The proposed Merseyside Cycle greenways development. Network is shown in Figure 3.11. Target: The partners will institute a The proposed network has a strong comprehensive core cycle network by 2012. focus on linking main employment sites The sections linking the pathways areas to the

130 CYCLING

CYCLE AUDIT AND REVIEW establishments to make provision for at interchanges. cycle parking. The planning process will Detailed information on proposals for Within the life of the LTP, the partners be used to ensure that appropriate cyclists on public transport can be found will apply the cycle audit process to all cycle parking provision is provided as in the Public Transport and Interchange schemes likely to have implications for part of planning permissions in strategies. cyclists including: highway schemes; accordance with the standards defined traffic management schemes; highway above. safety schemes; public transport CYCLING TO THE FUTURE infrastructure; traffic calming schemes; Target: Cycle parking will be provided at all road and footway maintenance public transport interchanges (and other public Cycling underpins the TravelWise schemes, and planning proposals with transport facilities where appropriate) by the strategy, through the active promotion highway implications end of 2002. of School Travel Plans, Green The cycle review process will be Transport Plans and general cycle applied to existing transport networks to Target: Cycle parking will be provided at all promotion and publicity, to make identify their positive and negative local authority public buildings by the end of transport on Merseyside more attributes for cycling and to assess 2002. sustainable. The partners will ensure ways in which those networks could be cycling has a major part to play in these changed to encourage cycling. All initiatives. documentation resulting from audit and INTEGRATION WITH The partners will, continue to apply the review procedures will be available to PUBLIC TRANSPORT principles of our road-user hierarchy the public on request. and the guidelines provided in cycle- All local trains currently carry cycles friendly infrastructure to ensure that free of charge and without restriction conflicts between different highway CYCLE PARKING (space permitting, but without the need users and cyclists, are minimised. The to make a reservation). The authorities authorities will each undertake an The provision of safe , secure and full are determined to continue this practice. annual review of accidents involving accessible cycle parking is an important The partners will additionally endeavour cyclists, and identify any appropriate consideration when deciding whether to to ensure that all new heavy rail rolling remedial measures. make a journey by cycle. stock, carries cycles under the same The partners will work in partnership In recognising this as a minimum conditions. with the health authorities to promote requirement, the authorities will revise The Mersey Ferries provide an cycling, and seek support from the cycle parking standards to the criteria in important alternative means of crossing Health Action Zone to fund projects to draft PPG 13. Furthermore, to ensure the Mersey, for both leisure and remove the barriers to cycling, facilities are appropriate, cycle user commuter cycle trips. Cycle users are expanding cycle training schemes to groups will actively participate in charged as pedestrians and this is a include adults, provision of cycle decisions such as the number and travel opportunity, which will be actively training through exercise on prescription location of parking facilities. marketed with a view to increasing schemes, cycle loan schemes to enable A programme of cycle parking cross river cycle traffic. access to employment and education provision will be undertaken to provide The partners will encourage public opportunities. adequate parking at all local authority transport operators to be innovative in The measures outlined above will public buildings, leisure centres. The their approach to promoting cycling, and require a real commitment in revenue authorities will encourage other similar will support schemes such as cycle hire expenditure in addition to funding

131 merseyside LOCAL TRANSPORT PLAN 2001/2-2005/6 OPPORTUNITIES FOR ALL JULY 2000 DEMAND MANAGEMENT

n seeking to reduce car use and ROAD TOLLS AND hour traffic volumes and congestion by Idependency it is not sufficient to WORKPLACE CHARGING encouraging commuters to use more rely on improvements to environmentally friendly travel alternative modes (walking, cycling The new Transport Bill offers local alternatives. and public transport) alone. The authorities the opportunity to introduce The Parking Strategy is based on the demand for car travel will also road tolling and workplace parking following elements: have to be managed in a more charges. l Strict control of the overall number of car direct way. Although the Partners recognise that parking spaces and charges such measures could be highly On-street parking controls Demand management is central to the effective, there was a strong view l effective delivery of the LTP Strategy. It expressed during the consultation that l Effective parking enforcement seeks to implement an integrated range their introduction could seriously l Application of maximum car of measures, aimed at directly reducing jeopardise regeneration of the local parking standards car use and dependency where quality economy which is the heart of our alternatives to the car are readily transport policy. available. As regeneration picks up pace over CONTROL OF THE Emphasis within the first LTP will be to the next five years, the Partner OVERALL NUMBER OF minimise the volume of cars on roads authorities will however evaluate the CAR PARKING SPACES across Merseyside during peak periods. potential of introducing road user tolling Car commuters, and parents taking and workplace parking charges for the There will be no overall increase in the children to school by car will be second LTP in 2006/7 to 2010/11. This number of car parking spaces beyond specially targeted, with complementary will be carried out in full consultation current levels in the main centres, measures planned on walking, cycling with key stakeholders such as the except to meet the minimum operational and public transport routes. Chamber of Commerce, the Highways needs for major new city and town Demand Management has the Agency etc. centre developments. following key elements: Private sector car park operators are a significant provider of off-street spaces l The parking strategy PARKING STRATEGY in Liverpool City Centre (of the 16,500 off-street spaces in the City Centre, only l Mersey Tunnel Tolling Policies Managing Traffic Levels and 3,000 are operated by the City Council). Congestion: The Partners believe that An aim of the Merseyside parking l Road space / capacity reallocation parking control offers the most effective strategy will therefore be to develop curb on car usage. In particular central partnership working between the local l Travel management plans area car parking controls will play an authorities and private sector car park important role in helping to reduce peak operators and developers.

157 merseyside LOCAL TRANSPORT PLAN 2001/2-2005/6 OPPORTUNITIES FOR ALL JULY 2000 DEMAND MANAGEMENT

However as the quality and Also, some local authorities will also attractiveness of alternatives to the car use planning agreements to encourage are introduced the Partner authorities private developers to operate their car will increase the relative cost of short- parks in line with the adopted Car stay parking. Parking Strategy. The UDP Reviews will contain policies to strengthen this Private Operators: The Partner approach. authorities will also encourage the The Parking Strategy takes on board development of common pricing advice in PPG6 (Town Centre and structures with private sector car park Retail Developments), and will operators to ensure the maximum encourage car parks linked to particular effectiveness of the Parking Strategy. developments to serve the needs of the Similarly private sector car park centre as a whole and not just the operators will be encouraged to manage particular development. their car parks so as to discourage use The local authorities will, through the by all day commuters in favour of short UDPs, encourage the redevelopment or stay shoppers parking. reuse of existing private parking, and refuse parking proposals which add to On-Street Parking Controls an over-supply of spaces and therefore contribute to congestion and On-street parking is controlled in environmental problems. Liverpool City Centre, Bootle, Southport and Birkenhead, although parking Charging Policies prohibitions are in place on some streets in all centres. Discouraging Long-Stay: The The City Centre Movement Strategy is Merseyside Districts have been applying proposing the creation of "pedestrian charging regimes which actively priority areas" in which some on street discourage long-stay parking at the main parking provision will be removed to be centres, by progressively seeking to replaced in some instances by loading increase the cost of long-stay parking. In bays. This approach will also allow contrast, short stay-parking charges in the footways to be widened and will main centres are being set at levels so as eliminate clutter created by lines of not to discourage shoppers and visitors. parked cars on the carriageway. Monitoring of charges applied in the The effectiveness of enforcement of main centres across Merseyside has controlled parking is essential for its confirmed that there have been success, as discussed in the next significant increases to long-stay section. charges in recent years.

158 DEMAND MANAGEMENT

DECRIMINALISED PARKING IN SEFTON MBC CASE STUDY

n 1st February 2000 Sefton MBC took efficient deployment of the contractors staff of the school day. It also results in the Oon the powers available under the Road have seen a considerable increase and Authority being the "one stop shop" for Traffic Act 1991 to enforce "yellow line" improvement in enforcement and a parking and avoids the problems that can offences within its boundary. This followed a consequent improvement in traffic result from the split of responsibilities two year preparatory period during which the management and traffic flows within the between the Police and Local Authority systems, equipment, accommodation and Borough. staff necessary to undertake a decriminalised The new system has enabled the authority parking operation where put in place. to target enforcement action at known Close partnership working with the problem areas such as around local shopping appointed enforcement contractor and centres and at schools at the start and finish

Parking Enforcement Parking Standards for authorities have specified the maximum New Development number of spaces they would allow developers The adoption of decriminalised parking to provide for certain categories of powers by the City of Liverpool and Reducing the level of parking allowed development. Sefton MBC as permitted under the in new development (and in the Road Traffic Act 1991, will play an expansion or change of use of existing The emerging Draft North West important role in helping to manage the development) will play an important role Regional Planning Guidance (RPG) demand for car travel. in promoting more environmentally contains suggested maximum parking Sefton have (Feb 2000) and Liverpool friendly forms of travel. Reduced car standards for a wider range of are preparing to (Spring 2001) take over parking requirements can also help to developments which are at the more responsibility from Merseyside Police drive down costs to business, and can rigorous end of the standards in PPG for enforcing parking restrictions. play a major role in helping to combat 13. These are to be "ceiling" standards Revenue raised from parking increasing traffic congestion. covering the whole region. It also enforcement will be used to improve the In line with Draft PPG13 (Transport) suggests a set of more rigorous ceiling local transport network in line with the the Partner authorities will seek to standards for what is termed the "urban objectives of the LTP. ensure that: conurbations", which in effect cover the Other authorities are to study the whole of Merseyside, Greater results of this exercise which is forecast l Developers will not be required to Manchester, Warrington and Halton. to: provide more car parking spaces The Partners intend to apply the than they themselves actually need; 'urban conurbation' standard to defined l Promote the safe free flow of traffic. centres across Merseyside, and apply l Encouragement will be given to the maximum standards, below the regional l Promote legal parking. shared use of parking facilities, ceiling, according to some or all of the particularly in the City Centre and following criteria: l Assist measures to promote the other main centres, where peak l proximity to public transport nodes public transport. levels of car use do not coincide. and corridors; This will help to reduce the overall l high levels of population and l Improve residential amenity and space taken up by parking; development density; the environment. l Secure and attractive cycle and l traffic reduction objectives as expressed l Enable measures to assist residents powered two wheeler parking in the LTP; and businesses to access their facilities are available as part of all l controlled on-street parking; property. new development; and l good availability of off-street parking; l Promote the viability and vitality of l The level of parking permitted at l levels of walking and cycling; shopping areas. peripheral developments does not l regeneration, levels of economic activity and act as an incentive to develop in economic development objectives; such locations. l neighbouring authorities' standards;

l potential for shared use of spaces; and Maximum Parking Standards: The UDPs will adopt what is termed 'Maximum parking l mixed use developments. standards'. This means that the Partner (see also Integrating Land Use and Transport Planning for further details)

159 merseyside LOCAL TRANSPORT PLAN 2001/2-2005/6 OPPORTUNITIES FOR ALL JULY 2000 DEMAND MANAGEMENT

A41 BUS LANE, CORRIDOR V

How we will do this City Council will ensure adequate parking for cyclists, motorcyclists and coaches. The tolls in line with inflation without the introduction of controlled parking to the need for public inquiries, to let a LIVERPOOL PARKING STRATEGY outer zone will be complete by early 2001 concession to operate the road tunnels and Decriminalised enforcement will be and use surplus toll income to cross Whilst the number of car trips into the introduced by Spring 2001. These subsidise public transport development. City Centre have remained relatively developments will further reduce on-street Table 3.22 shows annual vehicle flows stable over the last five years, the long stay spaces and provide more short stay through both the over regeneration of the City Centre could spaces for shoppers and allow more the period 1992/3 to 1999/00. generate a large increase in the residential parking schemes. The extension of demand for car travel by commuters if the control zone will be reviewed if Table 3.22 : Mersey Tunnel Flows demand restraint measures and quality commuter parking becomes a problem Vehicles % Change since 1992/3 alternatives are not introduced. beyond the present control zones. 1992/3 23,470,300 In line with the Merseyside Parking 6. ensure that there is adequate parking for the 1993/4 23,990,600 +2.2 Strategy the City of Liverpool will mobility impaired in terms of numbers, 1994/5 24,854,100 +5.9 1. provide adequate parking for residents, design and location. 1995/6 25,062,855 +6.8 shoppers and visitors. 1996/7 24,966,000 +6.4 7. implement car parking standards for new 1997/8 25,523,800 +8.7 - cater for parking for shoppers and visitors development based on Regional maximum 1998/9 25,690,932 +9.5 levels as set out in the Planning Guidance. - develop car free residential development 1999/0 25,714,476 +9.6 where possible 8. review the possibility of introducing - manage visitor and shoppers parking to workplace-parking charges as a City Centre demand management tool - with full ensure commuters are excluded e.g. opening ROAD SPACE AND after 10.00 am. consultation with businesses during the life of the first LTP. CAPACITY REALLOCATION 2. limit the provision of off-street public parking to the current ceiling of 16,500 spaces In order to make better, more efficient 3. continue zonal parking pricing policy of MERSEY TUNNEL TOLLING use of the existing road network and to encouraging short stay shopper and visitor better influence the demand for car parking close to the central area, with longer Merseytravel operates the two Mersey travel the Partner authorities will stay parking located on the periphery of the Tunnels linking the City of Liverpool and implement a comprehensive programme City Centre. the Wirral. Tolls are charged for most of road space capacity reallocation in 4. concentrate all off-street parking at the edge classes of road vehicle (with the favour of pedestrians, cyclists and of the City Centre at sites and locations exception of motorcycles and pedal public transport. which enjoy good access to the highway cycles) in order to cover operating costs This will be applied in accordance with network to ensure minimal environmental and service the Tunnels construction the adopted Road User Hierarchy intrusion, especially from cars. Shared use of debt. The setting of toll levels can be approach in each of the main corridors space by time of day will be attempted used to directly manage the demand for and centres across Merseyside. wherever possible to minimise space all road vehicles wishing to cross the Typically road capacity reallocation will requirements river. take the form of: Merseytravel is currently sponsoring a 5. review the extent of the Controlled Parking Mersey Tunnels Bill, which is seeking Zone as new developments take place. The Parliament's approval to raise tunnel

160 DEMAND MANAGEMENT

Bus Priorities treatment over other general traffic on the main routes (generally on main routes with These are specific traffic management PRIORITIES FOR CYCLISTS heavy traffic flows, served by more than 20 measures, which are designed to give buses per hour) These bus lanes take the buses priority over other road traffic, The Merseyside Cycling Strategy will form of either all day bus lanes or peak while also reducing capacity for private seek to implement an integrated range period bus lanes. The most typical type of cars. This can help bus services avoid of measure which will reallocate more bus lane is the with flow type. traffic congestion and thereby reduce road space from general traffic use in bus journey times and improve service l Other vehicle classes which may be favour of cyclists in line with the reliability. Bus priority measures will permitted to use bus lanes include cyclists, principles of the Road User Hierarchy. play a vital role in helping to deliver a motor cycles, taxis, goods vehicles, dial -a- first class fully integrated and ride services for mobility impaired people. PRIORITIES FOR PEDESTRIANS sustainable public transport system in l The Partner authorities will adopt a common Merseyside. When implementing further approach to the management of bus lanes, bus priority measures in Merseyside, including their use by other categories of The Merseyside Walking Strategy will the Partner authorities will be mindful of road user. seek to implement an integrated range of the 'Keeping Buses Moving' 1/97 measures, which will reallocate more road technical guidance note issued by the Selective Vehicle Detection - buses space from general traffic use in favour of DETR in 1997 which offers specific fitted with electronic devices receive pedestrians in line with the principles of advice on new innovative techniques priority treatment over other road traffic the Road User Hierarchy, particularly in such as bus advance areas, bus priority at signalised junctions on the highway residential and shopping areas. in SCOOT and other signal control network. Traffic signals are able to systems, camera enforcement of bus detect the approach of buses fitted with lanes and the importance of these special devices (transponders) TRAVEL MANAGEMENT PLANS decriminalised parking control in the and ensure that other traffic is halted at movement of buses. the lights so that the bus has an Travel management plans which can As part of this first LTP the Partner unhindered flow across the junction. assist communities and business to authorities have fully evaluated the Often these measures work well when adopt the green travel habit, come in a potential benefits of introducing effective backed up with physical bus priority variety of formats. Commuter Plans and Bus Priority measures across measures on the highway such as bus School Travel plans are discussed Merseyside. They will therefore play a lanes and bus advance areas. Both will elsewhere. vital role in helping to deliver effective be implemented across the Core Bus and sustained improvements as part of Route Network as part of the Local the Public Transport Theme of the LTP. Transport Plan. LIVERPOOL AIRPORT SURFACE Measures will only be introduced The introduction of selective vehicle ACCESS STRATEGY (ASAS) following extensive consultation with detection is dependent on the extension local communities, business, operators of the SCOOT centralised traffic signal Liverpool Airport is currently the UK's and other key stakeholder groups. control system across Merseyside. fastest growing regional airport, l Bus lanes - ensure that buses receive priority handling over 1.3 million passengers in

161 merseyside LOCAL TRANSPORT PLAN 2001/2-2005/6 OPPORTUNITIES FOR ALL JULY 2000 DEMAND MANAGEMENT

1999, a 47% increase over the previous Office for the North West, key opening of the new Terminal, to some 6 year, much of this based on the growth employers and development agencies. million per year by 2015. of low cost scheduled "budget" flights In order to match the proposal in Current employment levels at the and the charter flight market. The Surface Access Strategy indicators and Airport are approximately 1,000 staff. Airport has traditionally been a major targets are being developed. This is anticipated to increase in line gateway for Irish Sea flights and freight The ASAS will seek to achieve the with passenger growth to the industry traffic. targets by a package of improvements standard of approximately 1 employee In order to accommodate the projected focused around the following key per 1,000 passengers. growth in passenger and freight flights, issues: the Airport has received outline planning permission to develop a new £38 million DELIVERY passenger terminal. As a condition of PUBLIC TRANSPORT this development, the Airport signed a The ASAS will seek to achieve a Section 106 agreement with Liverpool The current percentage of passengers package of improvements focused City Council which included a number of arriving by public transport is 6.7% around the following: obligations on the Airport including, Projected targets will be set following Short Term Measures (2 Years) surface access issues and the setting further analysis of the CAA Passenger up of an Airport Transport Forum. Survey (1999). l A new high quality express coach The growth in passenger numbers at An Airport employee transport survey service linking the Airport to the City the Airport will consequently lead to a is currently underway to determine the Centre including key hotels. increase in the demand for surface proportion of employees arriving by travel to the Airport. As the majority of public transport. From this survey data, l Improved public transport access to passenger journeys to the Airport are targets will be incorporated into the the local rail stations at Garston, currently by car the Airport Company as Airports Green Transport Plan. Allerton and Hunts Cross via a part of the LTP is developing an ASAS circular bus service in addition to the which has the explicit aim of existing connection. encouraging more passengers / OTHER MODES employees to travel to the Airport by l Improved bus connections to other more environmentally friendly means Given the location of the Airport, other parts of Merseyside by the such as public transport. than those living close by, it is unlikely introduction of new SMART services Initial results of the recent CAA that any employees will walk to the site. and the diversion of existing local Passenger Survey (1999) showed that However, walking within the airport area bus services (September 2000). over 90% of passengers travelled to (non airside) between car parks, public Liverpool Airport by car, hire car or taxi transport interchange (including taxis), l Improved public transport in 1999, with a further breakdown by between the two terminals (on connections to Runcorn. other forms of transport shown in Table completion of the second terminal), 3.23. between offices and places of l Improved footway standards and employment, is to be encouraged. The pedestrian access in and around the Table 3.23 Liverpool Airport - mode ASAS will promote this by the provision airport terminal and car parks. split of travel to Airport of safe, well signed, segregated routes, Mode % of Passengers which are fully accessible. l Introduction of a Green Transport Private Car 65.9% Cycling to the Airport is to be Plan for airport employees. Taxi / Minicab 23.7% encouraged and the ASAS will make National Railways 3.5% provision for this by examining a Medium Term Measures (3-5 years) Hire Car 3.4% number of on and off site facilities and Bus / Coach 3.2% improvements for inclusion in the Green l A new multi-modal facility, Allerton Other 0.3% Transport Plan. Interchange.

The ASAS is currently being steered through the Surface Access Forum AIRPORT USAGE FORECASTS l A new "fixed" link bus service to which is a broad partnership of local Allerton Interchange. organisations including the Airport Passenger numbers have grown from Company, local authorities, 0.6 million in 1996 to a forecast of 2.1 l An express quality bus service to Merseytravel, public transport operators, million in 2000. Passenger volumes are Liverpool City Centre via Allerton. the Highways Agency, the Government expected to grow further, with the

162 DEMAND MANAGEMENT

EVENT MANAGEMENT CASE STUDY: MILLENNIUM EVE CELEBRATIONS - LIVERPOOL CITY CENTRE

vents play an increasing important role in Liverpool's Millennium Eve celebrations of a frequent, low cost bus service organised Egenerating both local and external visits included a major pop concert at the Pier by Merseytravel, throughout the night on to the prime tourism destinations of Head, a family Millennium funfair and River main arterial routes undoubtedly added to Merseyside. Public Transport provision and of Light celebration at Chavasse Park/Albert the overall numbers enjoying the celebrations information makes a substantial contribution Dock and a free concert on St George's and helped make them so successful from a; to the success of such events which often Plateau. Together these events drew public safety standpoint. require street closures and the temporary hundreds of thousands of visitors to the city extension of pedestrian zones. centre over a 12 hour period. The availability

l Provision of segregated bus and million of visitor spending (2.5% of total cycle ways to the new terminal. Over the coming months as the ASAS regional GDP). is developed, the Airport Transport Tourism also plays a major role in l Improved public transport Forum will carry out comprehensive helping to develop a positive image of interchange layout, including level market research on the travel needs of Merseyside, enhancing the quality of life boarding facilities. employees and existing / potential for residents, underpinning leisure, passengers using the Airport. culture, retail and local services and l Improved passenger transport encouraging environmental information and through ticketing via improvements. air and bus/train operators. VISITOR TRAVEL The Merseyside Tourism Strategy MANAGEMENT STRATEGIES "Visiting Merseyside: A five-year l Provision of safe cycle storage, programme for sustainable tourism" changing and shower facilities Tourism is one of the fastest growing sets out a comprehensive framework elements of the Merseyside economy aimed at doubling visitor spending to Long Term Measures (5 years plus) and is set to play a major role in the £1billion and create 12,000 new jobs by regeneration of the region. 2005. l Remote check in facilities. Tourism is a substantial contributor to As Merseyside features a large wealth and employment in the region, number of visitor attractions, managing l Possible Rapid Transit Link to currently supporting some 18,000 jobs the demand for car travel to these sites Allerton Interchange. (3.6% of total employment) and £500 will play an important role in helping to

CASE STUDY: QUEEN SQUARE CENTRE A COMBINED MERSEYTRAVEL AND MERSEY TOURISM FACILITY

he Queen Square Centre opened for 70% since the new Centre opened. to provide an integrated one stop public Tbusiness on 8 November 1999. "People are very impressed by the facility" transport and tourism centre in "the heart of The building is modern in appearance and reports Travel Centre Supervisor Suzy Watts. Merseyside." acts as a beacon to people in the area of "There is the space for people to browse Queen Square Bus Station. High quality around and see what there is to offer in a design and graphics give a relaxed and modern uncrowded environment. professional appearance to a key facility in Business is equally buoyant for Mersey promoting travel and tourism within Tourism who handle a whole package of Merseyside. services for both visitors and local people. The Merseytravel Travel Centre provides a The Tourist Information Centre handles both comprehensive range of travel information local and national tourist enquiries, souvenir and ticket sales for all local bus, train and sales, theatre and special events bookings ferry services. Printed timetables are available and Ferry bookings to the Isle of Man and for all of these, plus information on holidays, Ireland. excursions and National Express Services. "The new building is bright and light and The Merseytravel Travel Centre reports an airy and since we have moved in we have increase in Merseytravel pre-paid tickets of experienced a substantial increase in both 15% and National Express bookings up by enquiries and sales. It has been a great move

163 merseyside LOCAL TRANSPORT PLAN 2001/2-2005/6 OPPORTUNITIES FOR ALL JULY 2000 DEMAND MANAGEMENT

CASE STUDY: SOCCER BUS

n order to help reduce traffic congestion on Imatch days at Liverpool and Everton Football clubs, Merseytravel in partnership with Liverpool City Council, the football clubs and Merseyside Police launched a new Soccer Bus service at the start of the 1999/2000 season. The service provides a high frequency dedicated shuttle bus link from Sandhills Station to both football grounds. Passengers are able to purchase a single fully integrated bus/ rail ticket from any station on the national rail network to either or Goodison. During the 1999/2000 season over 10,000 people used the service.

l Aintree and Haydock Racecourses for bicycle carriage, cycle parking and meet the overall objectives of the LTP. improving the frequency of weekend services. Comprehensive surveys of visitors to l Key tourist attractions Merseyside have been conducted every l Identify an appropriate package of measures 5 years since 1980. The last survey l Specific events such as the Open Golf (Park and Ride, integrated ticketing schemes, relates to 1995 and estimates that some Championships held at Royal Birkdale and discounts or other incentives for people 24.5 million visits were made to any national / international events arriving by public transport.

Merseyside that year, 2.7 million were l The tourist resort of Southport. l Encourage the creation of new tourism overnight trips and 21.8 million were products that integrate walking with cycling day trips. Overnight trips generated These Strategies will be progressed in or travel by bus and rail as part of the spend of £226 million and day visits partnership between the event or experience and cater for all passengers, £257 million. Between 1990 and 1995, attraction management, the local including people with young children. total tourism spending increased by authorities and Merseyside, transport 18% in real terms. operators and the Police and be Merseyside is primarily a day visitor promoted as part of the TravelWise POWERED TWO WHEELERS destination with 9 out of 10 visitors staying campaign. just for the day and these visitors are In line with the recommendations of As a vulnerable road user, the needs of drawn primarily from the North West. the Government's national tourism powered two wheeler (PTW) users must Staying visitors come from the South East, strategy, typical components of Visitor be recognised and addressed. This is the Midlands and the North especially Management Strategies will include the particularly the case as PTWs are one Yorkshire and the Humber. Overseas following: of the fastest growing forms of transport visitors come from European Union states l Better publicity and information on as commuters switch to them as smaller (especially Ireland, the Netherlands and environmentally friendly forms of travel to vehicles to 'beat' congestion. Germany), the USA, Canada and Japan. and from the event or attraction. The Government's Transport White Both the Government's tourism Paper "A New Deal for Transport: Better Better coach parking and coach hosting strategy entitled "Tomorrow's Tourism: l for Everyone" recognised that mopeds facilities, especially in Southport and in A growth industry for the new and motorcycles can provide a real Liverpool City Centre. Millennium" and the North West Tourist alternative for trips where public Board document "Sustaining Progress: l Encourage tourist and leisure site managers transport is limited and walking and A sustainable strategy for the North to produce Green Transport Plans to reduce cycling unrealistic, increasing mobility West " advocate the development of congestion and pollution from employee and and widening employment opportunities. effective visitor management strategies. visitor car traffic to tourist sites and Therefore as part of the Merseyside Therefore building on these messages encourage a switch away from car use to LTP, the partner authorities will seek to the Merseyside LTP will seek to less polluting forms of transport. ensure that: develop effective Visitor Management l Encourage the upgrading of public transport l the needs and safety of powered two Strategies for: infrastructure to accommodate leisure wheelers is fully taken into account as part l The main football, and rugby capacity, for example by providing facilities of new transport schemes league grounds

164 URBAN TRAFFIC CONTROL

TRAFFIC SIGNALS & SYSTEMS l extra low voltage cabling for push-button ordinating signal timings at adjacent units to ensure the maximum level of safety junctions and pedestrian crossings. for pedestrians in the event of electrical Whilst remaining important this role is lectrical and computer based faults or vandalism. changing to reflect concerns about Esystems for traffic control and traffic pollution and congestion. UTC monitoring are essential for the Local Traffic Control Centres systems are increasingly being seen as efficient and safe use of the powerful tools to monitor overall highway. The partner authorities run Local Traffic network performance and support Control Centres which are a focus for specific policies, such as bus priorities, The main elements for consideration the management of maintenance cycle strategies, traffic restraint are: regimes and traffic control strategies measures and air quality issues. relating to traffic signals and systems. As part of the transition of UTC l Traffic signals. Services provided by the centres systems to UTMC applications existing l Local traffic control centres. include: UTC data storage transmission, and l Signals linking, including SCOOT l traffic signal fault reporting and processing equipment will be upgraded l Closed circuit television. management facilities. for multi-disciplinary operation. l Automatic monitoring of traffic The Partner Authorities recognise that monitoring of traffic congestion / incidents and pollution. l telematics systems have a major role to using Closed Circuit Television ( CCTV ). l Variable message signing. play in making more efficient use of the l Maintenance issues. l monitoring of signal operation and faults existing road network and plan to using Urban Traffic Control and Remote extend their use throughout Merseyside. Monitoring Systems.

Traffic Signals l liaison with emergency services and SCOOT implementation of emergency green Traffic Signals provide control at major wave facilities. SCOOT is a nationally recognised points of conflict between all types of method for reducing delays and road users within the highway network. l providing traffic and travel information to congestion by the co-ordination of traffic As such they can contribute to safety the media / public information services. signals in real-time, enabling the system and accessibility. Proposals related to to adapt to changing traffic conditions the provision of facilities for vulnerable Urban Traffic Management and take account of unexpected road users include the installation of: and Control ( UTMC ) variations in traffic flow. SCOOT is l additional pedestrian and cycling facilities at already operational in a number of existing signals. Historically Urban Traffic Control ( UTC areas and it is planned to extend its use ) systems have been used to maximise to all major traffic routes. Spare network tactile paving and tactile or audible units to l the capacity of the road network by co- capacity generated by this will allow the assist the visually impaired.

165 merseyside LOCAL TRANSPORT PLAN 2001/2-2005/6 OPPORTUNITIES FOR ALL JULY 2000 URBAN TRAFFIC CONTROL

reallocation of road capacity to public operational collecting traffic flow data on transport and vulnerable road users. a continuous basis and the number of l The introduction of UTC systems to Closed Circuit Television sites will be increased. It is proposed to co-ordinate traffic signals and use the count sites in conjunction with reduce congestion. Closed circuit television systems ( pollution monitoring equipment. This will CCTV ) are know recognised as a cost enable the development of models for l The introduction of systems to effective and efficient means of the prediction of future pollution levels monitor signals for faults. monitoring traffic over a large network. based on historic traffic and pollution To ensure that the partner authorities’ data, thereby allowing the early l The implementation of bus Traffic Control centres can make best implementation of alternative traffic priority measures. use of their staff resources it is intended control strategies prior to pollution extend existing CCTV coverage to thresholds being reached. l The introduction of improved additional key locations within the facilities for vulnerable road users highway network. Through initiatives for Variable Message Signing e.g. Audible signals, tactile units, shared use of equipment by the partner bleep and authorities and Merseyside Police, Variable message signs will contribute sweep units. traffic cameras will also make a to traffic management both locally and significant contribute in areas such as at a strategic level. This will be The contribution made by traffic security and public safety. achieved by providing details of the signals to strategies to provide number of spaces available in city improved access for vulnerable road Pollution monitoring centre car parks and by providing driver users has resulted in new types of information at locations where car users equipment and electrical standards Pollution generated by traffic has a need to make decisions about their being developed constantly. These are major impact on environmental travel options for making journeys into generally installed as standard on new conditions. Roadside Pollution monitors city centres. sites but resources will need to be are used to measure levels of pollutants allocated to allow the retrospective at sensitive locations with the data Signal Improvements fitting to existing sites. With present being recorded and monitored. It is levels of finance traffic signal proposed to extend the coverage of As traffic volumes continue to increase improvements are generally restricted automatic pollution monitoring traffic signals are often seen as the only to: equipment and to use this information to solution to capacity and safety issues. This trigger alternative traffic control results in additional signal and pedestrian l Part of a highway improvement scheme. strategies based on pollution crossings being installed year on year. thresholds. Over the past 20 years it has been l Part of a local safety scheme. recognised that traffic signals can play a Automatic Traffic Count Sites significant role in maximising capacity and safety within the highway network MAINTENANCE STRATEGY A significant number of sites are already through:

AUN STATION AIR QUALITY MONITOR. 166 URBAN TRAFFIC CONTROL

Traffic Signal maintenance is a key issue with partners having to balance Planned Maintenance De-trunking the effects of deteriorating infrastructure against safety. Deterioration of electrical As with all electrical installations traffic Provision has been made within the bid wiring and components is a key factor. signal equipment and cabling for the funding of maintenance and The overall objective is to maintain all deteriorates with time. To ensure that replacement of traffic signals on routes traffic signals such that faults are kept faults on the equipment are minimised that are proposed for detrunking. to a minimum and where faults do occur and public safety is ensured the that they are repaired within appropriate partners carry out regular periodic timescales. inspections and electrical testing of installations. Maintenance falls into two distinct The partners recognise the categories which address advantages of carrying out a structured l responsive maintenance of day to day signal programme of equipment renewal. In faults and damage to ensure the restoration line with the expected lifespan of the of safe and efficient operation within electrical components it is proposed to acceptable timescales. implement this programme over a 15 year period with one third of all sites planned maintenance relating to the l being completed within the timescale of structured replacement of obsolete and this plan. ageing equipment. As an integral part of the planned renewal all sites are to be installed with Responsive Maintenance fully ducted cabling allowing easier maintenance throughout its life and With an ageing equipment stock quicker more cost effective replacement Authorities are having to allocate at its subsequent renewal. Opportunities greater financial resources to the will also be taken to incorporate responsive maintenance and improved facilities for vulnerable road replacement of faulty equipment. This in users as part of these works. turn reduces the level of expenditure To ensure the most cost effective available for planned improvement allocation of resources partners will works. produce a priority list of improvements The partners also recognise the taking account of: benefits for safety of implementing systems for the automatic monitoring l An inventory of sites and equipment for and reporting of faults. To this end they vulnerable road users. provide control room systems for monitoring and passing faults to l Electrical testing of sites carried out as part contractors and are committed to of a 5 yearly rolling programme. ensuring that all sites will be remotely monitored for at least any lamp fault l Periodic maintenance inspections of sites within the next 5 years. carried out annually.

167 merseyside LOCAL TRANSPORT PLAN 2001/2-2005/6 OPPORTUNITIES FOR ALL JULY 2000 HIGHWAY SIGNING

or both existing and potential includes: THE SIGNING STRATEGY Fusers, a fundamental l Interchange Strategy requirement of an accessible, The strategy seeks to ensure that all integrated transport strategy is the l Park & Ride Strategy traffic entering the county via a Principal provision of reliable and useful route is informed by a combination of information on and about all l Initiatives to promote Economic conventional and VMS how to access: modes of travel. Regeneration l Main freight destinations - using advisory routes, All of the main topic areas have l Tourism/Special Events Strategic Park & Ride sites, identified signage as a key element of l their individual strategies. l Merseyside Freight Study l Major tourism attractions and occasional Because of the differing natures and events venues, uses of the various parts of the A countywide approach is required in l Designated Primary destinations, and highways network, the provision of order to provide coherent, useful and, at appropriate signage is essential to appropriate locations, Vehicle Message l Parking for District Centres. maximise its effectiveness. Signing (VMS) for all road users. This will focus on: The strategy will employ the existing Informing about the availability, and and proposed highway signage, STRATEGIC HIGHWAY SIGNING l promoting the use, of alternative modes to including that implemented as part of, or IN AND AROUND MERSEYSIDE - reach specific locations/events - Park & Ride as a result, of the following: A SNAPSHOT at a strategic level.

Encouraging HGV traffic to use the The majority of existing signing is l appropriate routes for specific destinations. dependant and orientated towards the districts, with the exception of that related l Advising of central area parking/access to tourism, primary routes and motorways. availability.

l Advising of strategic traffic management STRATEGIC VIEW - STRATEGIC diversions and rerouteing traffic REQUIREMENT appropriately.

Since 1992 an ever increasing number of joint initiatives by the partners have highlighted the need for a strategic perspective. Such joint working

169 merseyside LOCAL TRANSPORT PLAN 2001/2-2005/6 OPPORTUNITIES FOR ALL JULY 2000 HIGHWAY SIGNING

l Existing route based strategies centre systems, including car parking l Merseyside Park and Ride Strategy advisory ones, would continue to be under the day to day management of l Merseyside Freight Strategy individual highway authorities. l Merseyside Tourism Strategy On the occasion of special events or unforeseen circumstances the various control centres would be able to act in Of necessity some of this signage will collaboration with each other and the be located outside Merseyside on roads relevant Police Forces, in order to under the management of the Highways ensure speedy and co-ordinated action. Agency and other highway authorities. Picking up the existing conventional signing, with modification where necessary to bring this into line with the agreed countywide approach, VMS signage will be erected on the major routes accessing Merseyside. Using telematics, this cordon of signs would enable the existing network control centres to work with district UTC/Traffic Management offices to more effectively control the flow of traffic from the strategic to more localised network and vice versa; optimising the efficiency of both systems. Existing and proposed urban

170 ENCOURAGING CHANGE - TRAVELWISE

he Encouraging Change Theme complexities of changing long-held Merseyside. Tof the LTP is all about beliefs such as feeling that the car is HELPING TO DELIVER CHANGE encouraging people and business in ''needed'' for every journey, to Merseyside to get into the green recognising the advantages of, and Over the life of the first LTP, the travel habit. To achieve a reduction choosing to use, more sustainable Merseyside TravelWise campaign will in car use and dependency we must alternatives where possible. seek to encourage change through: raise awareness across the To support this, the TravelWise l raising general awareness and other community of the environmental, campaign is closely integrated with campaigns targeted at cycling, walking and health, economic and social Local Agenda 21 strategies in each of health related strategies benefits of using environmentally the Merseyside Districts. This reflects assisting with the introduction of key friendly travel choices. the strong ethos of the need to closely l initiatives such as Green Transport Plans and involve local communities and business School Travel Plans in the campaign as well as recognising OPPORTUNITIES the benefits of promoting sustainable travel as part of the wider sustainability At the heart of efforts to encourage message. GENERAL AWARENESS travel change is the established CAMPAIGNS Merseyside TravelWise campaign. The Short Term campaign is run by a partnership of The TravelWise campaign aims to Merseyside local authorities, Increase recognition of TravelWise and reach everyone who lives or works on Merseytravel, the health sector and its association with sustainable Merseyside. A comprehensive range of voluntary sector environmental transport and raise awareness of the publicity material has been produced organisations. Central to the campaign consequences of transport choices. and widely circulated by the Partners lies the principle of community and highlighting the issues. The campaign business involvement. The 'TravelWise' Medium Term will be enhanced with the development team are available to positively help and of a Merseyside TravelWise web site. guide business, communities and To achieve acceptance of the need for Awareness of the campaign is given a individuals to change travel behaviour change in travel behaviour and change boost through Merseytravel's annual and become less car dependent. peoples' attitudes to alternatives to the Green Transport Festival. This has car. provided a focus for media attention on sustainable travel issues and is used to CAMPAIGN OBJECTIVES publicise a wide variety of healthy Long Term transport and environmental events In developing the TravelWise strategy, Bring about a sustained long-term during the summer. the Partners recognised the reduction in car use and dependency on The TravelWise programme also

171 merseyside LOCAL TRANSPORT PLAN 2001/2-2005/6 OPPORTUNITIES FOR ALL JULY 2000 ENCOURAGING CHANGE - TRAVELWISE

carries out a number of initiatives to MERSEYTRAVEL'S GREEN complement national and regional TRANSPORT FESTIVAL 2000 campaigns. Every year, Bike to Work, Car Free Days and Walk to School Weeks are organised by the partners Over 2000 school children from across with colleagues in schools and Merseyside attended the launch of organisations across Merseyside. The Merseytravel's Green Transport Festival at first car-free day is planned for Liverpool's famous Pier Head over two days September 2000 in Liverpool. in June 2000. The centre piece of the launch was a unique Headline Target: Increase awareness of the campaign from those questioned from 11% to solar and wind powered circus and exciting 20% over the five-year period. green road show. The show also featured a revolutionary electric vehicle. The special two days school event came complete with INTEGRATION WITH OTHER solar powered Merry -go- Round and KEY INITIATIVES fountain, slide shows all about recycling, Cycling nature conservation, green energy and green transport. The TravelWise campaign will play a Merseyside's biggest public transport central role in supporting and promoting operator ARRIVA backed the Festival the new Merseyside Cycling Strategy, providing free bus travel to all school highlighting the health and environmental benefits of cycling. The children attending the circus, and transport campaign has formed good links to other events throughout the partnerships with the voluntary sector, summer. for example supporting the Merseyside Merseyside Environmental Trust Chair Dr Cycle Campaign in the development of Geoffrey Woodcock said the Green the first cycle map for Merseyside. Transport initiative had been a major force in bringing people together for Walking environmental change. Supporting the new Walking Strategy "Every year more and more people are through targeted campaigns, the getting on board. They are making the production of a range of innovative connections between recycling, wildlife promotional materials and health walk protection, pollution reduction, healthy food, initiatives. green energy and cutting car use. They are all part of a menu for a brighter future.”

MERSEYTRAVEL’S GREEN TRANSPORT FESTIVAL 172 ENCOURAGING CHANGE - TRAVELWISE

CASE STUDY: SEFTON MBC 'IN STEP' GREEN COMMUTER PLAN

efton MBC launched their Green the launch, information has been included at SCommuter Plan 'In Step' in June 1999 all bus stops in the area and a competition following extensive staff consultation. A was run for those pledging to be TravelWise. special TravelWise leaflet was produced, In recognition of their commitment, Sefton using aerial photography to show how to MBC are now recruiting for a full time Travel get to council office buildings in Bootle by Awareness Officer to develop Green public transport. The guide has been well Transport Plans in the Borough. received and is used to inform staff and visitors of the TravelWise initiative. Since

Health Leading by Example: the LTP can have the greatest impact in The Health sector has played a major The partner organisations are terms of reducing traffic and the role in developing the Merseyside committed to introducing their own promoting social inclusion. Both the TravelWise campaign. Health Action Green Transport Plans, with Sefton cycling and walking programmes are Zone funding has been secured for an having adopted theirs in 1999. integrated with this initiative to ensure innovative range of measures, part of During the life of the first LTP, the that improved facilities can be linked this funding will be used to secure Partners will develop their own Green with Green Transport Plans. another full-time officer to work with the Transport Plans and assist their partners on the campaign. Over the adoption among major employers in the Developing Partnerships: period of the LTP, these partnerships area. will be strengthened and collaborative A guidance pack for employers has The key to the successful development working will increase, initially focusing been produced by the TravelWise of Green Commuter Plans is the on work related to walking and cycling partners along with leaflets aimed at sharing of experience between the and development of Green Transport involving employees and displays and Partners, employers, key agencies and Plans for health sites. posters to assist in promotion of the transport operators. Consequently initiative. The support package available networks of organisations working on

to employers was launched at a PORT SUNLIGHT GREEN TRANSPORT seminar in March 2000 supported by PLANS (GTPs) Liverpool Chamber of Commerce. All large employers on Merseyside were Green Transport Plans are to be A key element in the TravelWise invited to the event and follow up work developed. Such networks can help campaign is the introduction of Green will continue with those and other bring forward plans on an area basis Transport Plans for major employers organisations over the five year period. where applicable. across Merseyside. A Green Transport Plan is a set of measures and Identifying Key Sites: partnerships established by an IMPROVING ENVIRONMENTAL organisation to make sustainable ways During the LTP the following key CREDENTIALS - UNILEVER of commuting more attractive. The aim employers will be targeted and RESEARCH, PORT SUNLIGHT of Green Transport Plans are to: encouraged to develop GTPs for their sites: The Unilever Research Laboratory, l Improve accessibility to sites by specifically based in Port Sunlight, Wirral is the enhancing and / or promoting l major employers, including largest of the company's six research environmentally friendly travel choices; partner authorities. labs with approximately 1,400 l Improve individuals' health; employees, 25% of which live within 1 l l Reduce car use and dependency to key sites, health sites. mile and over 50% living within 3 miles - reducing both localised congestion and pollution and yet 70% drive to work! l further education sites. l Unilever recognise the benefits to Green Transport Plans can also reduce themselves of developing and l the demand for car parking and help major leisure/ tourism and retail adopting a Green Transport Plan: enable people to change their travel sites. behaviour. l Improved image and better PR for By concentrating Green Transport Plan recruitment (new graduates etc. have development on these key employers a high awareness of environmental

173 merseyside LOCAL TRANSPORT PLAN 2001/2-2005/6 OPPORTUNITIES FOR ALL JULY 2000 ENCOURAGING CHANGE - TRAVELWISE

l Providing a complete Environmental THE PHASED STRATEGY: SCHOOL TRAVEL PLANS Management System (EMS) as part The Green Transport Plans of ISO 14001 The TravelWise campaign is also being l Reducing congestion and improving Interim Targets Headline Targets used to promote the adoption and access to the site PARTNER AUTHORITIES development of new School Travel l Health benefits to both the employees Plans across Merseyside. It is believed 3 Partners to All Partners to be and the employer that the wider School Travel Plan adopt in 2000/01. implementing their l Through measures to promote car approach is a key factor in ensuring that The remaining 2 adopted GTP by sharing, public transport, shuttle changes are long term. School Travel Partners to adopt the end of the 5- buses, walking and cycling, Unilever Plan promotion is integrated with the plans by 2002 year period hope to increase: Healthy / Eco-School initiatives. The school journey now accounts for HEALTH AUTHORITIES - Car sharing by 10% approximately a fifth of peak hour traffic. The 5 largest All major health - Train use by 10% Fewer children are travelling to school hospitals to have sites to have on their own and increasing numbers - Bus use by 10% a GTP by 2003 approved a Green are being escorted to and from school Transport Plan by - Cycling by 20% by car. School travel surveys conducted the end of the - Walking by 10% indicate the following modal split five-year period average for school journeys: FURTHER EDUCATION l Walk 45% Cycle 2% The 3 main All further l universities to education sites to l Car 37% develop a GTP by have developed a l Car/Walk 13% 2002. GTP by 2005/6 l Bus 3% MAJOR EMPLOYERS This trend has wide reaching 5 major 30 major implications for: employers a year employers to have l Air pollution. to prepare a GTP developed a GTP Safety (particularly road safety at the by the end of the l school gate). 5 year period. l Children's health and levels of fitness. issues), customers (amongst whom environmental and ethical credentials l Establishing poor activity patterns and travel are becoming increasingly important) behaviour which will persist into later life.

and, in particular, good l Reducing children's independence and ability neighbourhood relations as Unilever to judge situations independently. sees itself as part of the local l Reducing the opportunities for children to community socialise and learn about their environment on the way to and from school.

174 ENCOURAGING CHANGE - TRAVELWISE

l Conflict with local residents due to adopted by the school. MONITORING congestion at school times. l relevant education / class based work taking place regularly. The TravelWise campaign contributes

A range of material, including a School l involvement of the parents/governors/ children to reduced traffic and improved access Travel Plan Teachers Resource Pack in identifying and implementing measures across Merseyside. Through the has been produced in order to support adoption of the Road User Hierarchy schools in developing School Travel l adoption of a whole schools approach as the Merseyside partners have Plans. In order to be successful schools part of the community. recognised the need to prioritise these will need to have complete ownership of l child accident safety audits/access audits. means of travel over the private car. the project. The Pack contains class Implementation of this approach and the based curriculum material including strategies for walking, cycling and worksheets and activities aimed at Key improving public transport, supported by Stage Two. Walk to school weeks are the TravelWise programme, greatly becoming increasingly successful on improve the potential for change. Merseyside with more than 50,000 Suitable monitoring travel change will children taking part in May 2000. involve measuring:

A School Travel Plan is a co-ordinated l Changing attitudes to travel choices set of actions and measures put in Uptake/participation in initiatives place by a school in partnership with l local authorities, transport operators, l Changes to actual travel behaviour parents, governors, children, the Police, Health Authorities and local residents. A School Travel Plan aims to address This will be done by continuous market issues of health, safety, environment research building on existing base line and independence by improving survey information provided by conditions for those walking, cycling or Merseytravel's quarterly tracking survey, using public transport when travelling to through the TravelWise web site and and from school. Each Plan will feature surveys conducted under Green a comprehensive range of measures Transport and School Travel Plans. designed to address all aspects of Monitoring will also be undertaken to school related travel tailored to the measure uptake of School Travel Plans, requirement of each area. Green Transport Plans, levels of School Travel Plans will be carefully participation in initiatives such as Walk targeted at those schools, which will to School Week. In addition to help deliver the overall objectives of the monitoring uptake, the partners intend Plans and will be selected according to to annually monitor the behaviour of the following criteria: participating schools. Similarly, follow- l Safety benefits up surveys with employers and partners will enable the measurement of the Potential for reducing car use l modal shift achieved by their Green and dependency Transport Plans. l Long term commitment to develop and implement the Plans l Schools in corridors where comprehensive demand management measures are being introduced.

Headline Targets: At the end of the five year period, 50% of Merseyside schools will be working on School Travel Plans and 20% will have one in place.

For this purpose, a School Travel Plan will be defined as a school having l a school travel plan/written policy statement

175 merseyside LOCAL TRANSPORT PLAN 2001/2-2005/6 OPPORTUNITIES FOR ALL JULY 2000 FREIGHT

he ability to move freight l achieve maximum integration with 19m tonnes is handled by more than Tefficiently to and from the ports land-use strategies; one mode within the area. A total of: and industrial areas is crucial to the l identify the components of a preferred l 56m tonnes is moved by road; economic health, physical health strategy for the next 15-20 years; and attractiveness of Merseyside. l 4m tonnes by rail; and l identify priorities for action in the short-term 32m tonnes by shipping. (0-5 years) and medium term (5-10 years), l The partners are developing a long-term including specific early action projects to be l Around 18m tonnes of the total road and sustainable distribution strategy, based developed to detailed feasibility stage in rail freight is directly dock- related, 34m on the recommendations of the separate studies; tonnes is associated with local industry and Merseyside Freight Study. 8m tonnes with the retail sector. l identify implementation mechanisms and Key elements are: agencies, including measures and policies to l The study area generates an estimated be incorporated in the LTP and UDPs; 26,000 Heavy Goods Vehicles (HGV) l The identification of strategic locations for movements per day (excluding traffic passing freight distribution and inter-modal facilities. l complement the corridor and through the area on the M6 and M56). centre strategies; l The enhancement of a strategic freight rail l Of the 56m tonnes moved annually by road, and road network to improve access, The strategy has been accepted by the only 11% travels more than 200 kms and minimise environmental intrusion and partners in principle, subject to the need could, therefore, be assumed to be attractive maximise modal choice. to examine certain development to rail. l The development of a Freight proposals more fully in UDP reviews. Quality Partnership. The partners are confident that the strategy is consistent with the emerging TOWARDS A SUSTAINABLE l Action to overcome external constraints. RPG, the Regional Strategy of the DISTRIBUTION STRATEGY North West Development Agency and, MERSEYSIDE FREIGHT STUDY at the sub-regional level, with the To be successful the freight strategy priorities of the Objective 1 Single must command the support of both the The partners (with Halton Borough Programme Document (2000-2006). public and private sector. With the Council) commissioned a study to: exception of the road network itself, quantify key sub-regional, regional, national both infrastructure (rail, ports and l CURRENT FREIGHT and international freight movements and airports) and operations lie in the DEMAND - A SNAPSHOT forecast future trends of significance to the private sector. Freight services and the Merseyside economy; economic benefits that flow from them Approximately 92m tonnes of freight per will, therefore, only be developed if they develop and apply a method of strategy l annum is handled in the are profitable to the service provider. appraisal taking account of environmental, Merseyside/Halton study area, of which economic and social impacts;

177 FREIGHT

Merseyside has the components for cargo handled in Northern England. regeneration benefits. The Partners will an effective strategy in partnership with Environmentally, the simple transfer of work with the companies to find cost- the private sector. Its principal strengths cargo from road to rail would bring minimising regional and national are: limited benefit within Merseyside but distribution solutions. would mainly benefit places outside, on Building on Merseyside's strengths, l Four existing inter-modal terminals the main national freight routes. the freight strategy will: in the study area, a fifth under However, rail freight offers a local construction and immediate economic advantage if it cuts transport l Concentrate industrial and prospects for a sixth. costs to and from Merseyside relative to distribution activities at rail, air and other locations. water linked sites, maximising the l Further development potential in The key to promoting a cost efficient potential for multi-modal operations. regeneration priority areas around freight distribution industry, and in the existing inter-modal terminals. fulfilling sustainable development l Promote investment in the local road objectives, lies in developing an and rail networks which support the l Good freight connections to the effective land use policy. This means identified sites; establishing the West Coast Main Line. (WCML). ensuring that in the long term traffic necessary planning/development which is best carried by rail, ship or protection for corridors or associated l The Port of Liverpool dominates the barge has the choice of an origin or facility land. West Coast ports industry, is the destination near a suitable quay or largest single gateway to Ireland railway terminal. l Select sites for future development and has excellent rail connections. The warehousing and logistics which, wherever possible, can be companies, in whose buildings the easily reached by public transport to l Liverpool Airport handles some stockpiling, sorting and redistribution of ensure that employment 40,000 tonnes of air freight per year goods takes place, are key players in opportunities are accessible to and is ranked second in terms of securing maximum employment and local residents.

178 FREIGHT

LAND USE STRATEGY The objectives are:

The following key locations have been l To develop a network that will identified, within the wider Merseyside support the land use strategy. study area, as potential sites for freight l To ensure the operational flexibility distribution, accessible by rail and/or which will allow traction suppliers to water: build up trains by linking the different terminals. l Development of a freight village at Parkside by Railtrack could, if The benefit of a continuous network is realised, provide for growth in that inter-modal and conventional wagon distribution development in East trains could collect and set down at Merseyside and to offer additional several sites within Merseyside, on train sectioning capability to link routes which are relatively lightly used. Merseyside, WCML and Trans- The only existing sectioning yards within Pennine freight train services. the region, at Warrington and Crewe, are Parkside lies at a key motorway and busy. It would be advantageous for railway 'crossroads'. Merseyside to be able to consolidate full trains without having to use either facility. l The Liverpool North Docks area incorporating the area between To achieve this, investment should be Regent Road and Derby Road, concentrated on a core network close to the proposed new Langton comprising: Roll on-Roll off terminal.

l The Birkenhead Docks area, exploiting a reopened dock railway, within the context of the new ro-ro terminal to be built at Twelve Quays.

l The extension and restructuring of the Ditton area, exploiting the two new intermodal terminals, bringing into play redundant land and creating a new road link to the A5300.

The combination of four sites will meet foreseeable demand, removing the need for large-scale developments which are not rail or water connected. There is also the possible addition of over 100ha in the Speke/Garston area. This has the potential to meet future air- related freight distribution demand if a rail link can be achieved. The implementation of this land use strategy remains subject to further testing and approval through the Planning process.

RAIL FREIGHT NETWORK STRATEGY

179 merseyside LOCAL TRANSPORT PLAN 2001/2-2005/6 OPPORTUNITIES FOR ALL JULY 2000 FREIGHT

The three routes radiating from Edge Hill; 3m.); l Extension of the Port rail link l The West Coast Main Line branch via southwards from Alexandra Dock to Garston and Ditton to Weaver Junction; l Reactivation of the rail link to the Bramley Moor Dock in Bootle/North Vauxhall Plant (Ellesmere Port) to Liverpool (This remains subject to a The Trans-Pennine route via Parkside to l help create critical mass for full consideration of the development the Humber with links to the West Coast Birkenhead rail freight traffic (£1m.); strategy through the Planning Main Line northwards, Scotland and process) (£2-3m.) southwards to the Warrington Enterprise l Re-signalling of the Runcorn curve marshalling yard; for two way working and, possibly, a l A rail connection to serve the Sonae l The Bootle branch to the Port at the passing loop; chipboard factory at Kirkby; Seaforth inter-modal terminal. providing a link to the national network via the Kirkby/Wigan line. From the Birkenhead Docks: l The Rock Ferry route via Hooton, Ellesmere The proposed Strategic Rail Freight Port and the Runcorn curve to . Network is shown in Figure 3.29

The following key additions and The maximum forecast modal transfer improvements are required to complete to rail, assuming the land use strategy this network: is implemented, is an increase from the current 2.4% market share to 6%. l The reconnection of the Birkenhead This equates to an increase of rail dock railway (£3m.); freight volumes by 2.5m tonnes per annum (excluding coal) and triple the l The reinstatement of Olive Mount number of train movements. curve at Edge Hill (under £5m.); l An upgrading of the loading gauge ROAD FREIGHT on the network to W10 (for 9'6'' NETWORK STRATEGY containers) in the short term, or W11 (piggyback) in the longer term, to be The strategic objectives are: compatible with Western Coast Main Line and links to the Channel Tunnel l To ensure that the growth in HGV and South East ports. movements associated with the key economic locations can be Additional rail and inter-modal accommodated without a infrastructure will be required to support deterioration in levels of access; the recommended development sites and connect to other terminals in the l To achieve this in the most sub-region, including: environmentally sustainable way, through management, routeing and l A small intermodal facility near mitigation measures on strategic Twelve Quays ro-ro terminal (£2- corridors.

180 FREIGHT

highway network at which freight be competitive for the longer distance The key freight corridors for internal movements experience significant freight movements, over 200kms and distribution and access to the national congestion delays and/or conflict with new railheads will themselves tend to motorway network are: the environment of local communities or generate local increases in road freight town centres. movements. As indicated above, modal l A5036 - M57/M58 (Switch Island) Prioritisation of these highlights a short transfer cannot be expected to make a term programme of works, comprising major impact on HGV volumes. A5058 (Queens Drive) - M62 l of a variety of environmental/mitigation The forecast effect of the land use l A561 - M56 measures and link/junction capacity strategy would be to increase overall enhancements on the following routes: HGV movements by about 4% above l A561 - A5300 - M62 A5036 Corridor the baseline growth forecast. The Mersey Tunnel (Kingsway) - M53 l l increased HGV flows would be l M57/M58/Switch Island l A570 - M62 concentrated on the existing corridors, l A59/A506 Corridor in particular on the routes serving the l A569 - M62 Port of Liverpool. l J23 M62/A580/A49 Junction l A565 The non-motorway routes that would A5058/A580 Junction l experience the main increases are These routes and their relationship with l A580 Corridor Edge Lane (Liverpool), Queens Drive, the SSDAs is shown in Figure 3.30. Dunnings Bridge Road (Bootle) and l J6 M62/M57/A5300 Junction Silver Jubilee Bridge (Runcorn/Widnes). From surveys of freight operators, the l A5047 Corridor Many of the identified locations for key concern was identified as being no l A567/B5110 Corridor further study or scheme implementation further deterioration in journey times as lie on the trunk road network; currently a result of local road congestion in key A longer term programme of works has the responsibility of the Highways corridors. also been identified, but these are of Agency, though some of the locations Operators expressed most serious lower priority. are on 'non-core' routes which are due concern about two particular pinch to be detrunked within the next few points in the sub-regional network: years. THE FUTURE OF ROAD FREIGHT l Access to the Port via the A5036T (Switch Island/Dunnings Bridge The baseline forecast is that if the rail THIRD MERSEY CROSSING Road/Princess Way). industry does not expand its market share, then HGV traffic will grow by The previously noted feedback from the l the Silver Jubilee (Runcorn) Bridge around 9% in and out of Merseyside Freight Study interview process serves Mersey crossing in Halton. over the next decade. This will be to underline the case being made by almost entirely due to growth in dock the Mersey Crossing Group, which A detailed analysis has identified a traffic. advocates in support of a new crossing. number of locations on the strategic However, rail freight will generally only The recent Mersey Belt Linkages Study

181 merseyside LOCAL TRANSPORT PLAN 2001/2-2005/6 OPPORTUNITIES FOR ALL JULY 2000 FREIGHT

concluded that the limited capacity of in the development strategy. access to the Humber Ports, the the Silver Jubilee Bridge was a "key The further development of coastal main point of entry/egress between constraint point" within the Merseybelt shipping may offer additional benefits. the continent and Northern England. highway network. The Freight Study shows that coastal l Appropriate Government and EU Development of the Third Mersey shipping can undercut road haulage support, including commercial Crossing proposals by the Mersey over relatively short distances where the policies, to promote short sea Crossing Group will continue. source of cargo is adjacent to, or within, shipping links from Merseyside to the Port (such as feeder shipping). other European destinations. This WATERLOO TUNNEL Even where local delivery and collection will allow a port community to exploit is required coastal shipping is maritime links. Of particular significance for the longer competitive over long distances term, is the proposal to create a new (500km+). For example, the growth of These are beyond the immediate single carriageway route from the M62 paper and chipboard production in control of the Partners, and will require to the port/city centre, which includes Merseyside is likely to encourage ongoing co-operation with other public converting the Waterloo Tunnel into a further use of coastal shipping to bring and private sector bodies to ensure roadway. Potentially this would allow forest products from North West progress is made. dock traffic to be directed away from Scotland. This will help to ensure that surface routes used at present, New markets for air freight could also Merseyside is able to offer inward accommodate the anticipated growth in benefit Liverpool Airport in the long investors and distribution companies dock traffic and facilitate the term. Although its runway is not able to locations which can minimise overall development of further freight cater for fully laden long-haul planes, logistics costs and enhance their distribution activity along the dock the growth of internet trading, and "hub competitiveness. corridor. and spoke" route structures to serve A study has concluded that the project European markets using smaller is technically feasible, however, the aircraft, presents one possible AN EMERGING FREIGHT initial concept of a “commercial traffic opportunity. Regional airports like QUALITY PARTNERSHIP route” has been revised and further Liverpool with runway capacity and detailed work and assessment is available land for distribution The Freight Forum, which has recently required before the project could be warehouses could contribute to been established, has representatives considered for inclusion in the LTP government policy objectives for from a wide cross-section of industry Strategy. spreading air freight from Heathrow. interests. The representatives have welcomed this as an ongoing opportunity to debate issues and SHIPPING AND AIR FREIGHT EXTERNAL LINKS exchange information, and will provide the basis of a Freight Quality An important objective of the integrated It is clear that if Merseyside is to fully Partnership. land use and transport strategy outlined exploit the benefits of this local strategy A further positive proposal from the above is to support the key role that for sustainable distribution a number of Forum was to investigate the feasibility Merseyside's ports, particularly the Port external constraints must be addressed of an interactive internet-based of Liverpool, can play in economic at Regional and National level. In information service. The services regeneration. In part this depends on particular the Merseyside authorities will offered could range from up-to-date how successful the ports are in be seeking to ensure that: information on traffic conditions, an expanding their coastal, short and interactive mechanism for the deep-sea traffic. l Adequate domestic rail freight authorities to consult and receive In this respect, one of the key factors capacity with a generous loading comments on policy and a facility for is the increasingly competitive position gauge (e.g. for piggyback trailers) is companies to promote their services. of the Port of Liverpool in the rapidly provided, particularly along the West An appropriate structure for the further expanding Irish Sea ferry traffic. The Coast Main Line; development of the forum is being opening of new river berths for ro-ro developed, for example, to expand the ferries at Birkenhead and Bootle in l Adequate and effective capacity is geographical coverage to include parts 2001/2002 is likely to lead to a available along motorways through of North Cheshire and Lancashire. significant increase in the Port's share the Midlands; of this market. This is likely to generate additional demand for distribution l Adequate Trans-Pennine route warehouses, and is an important factor capacity is provided to allow easy

182 HIGHWAY MAINTENANCE

oad maintenance is a key issue l minor day to day schemes aimed at carriageway life extension, and Racross Merseyside. The partners Setting Priorities have to balance the adverse affects l major schemes for carriageways with major of deteriorating surfaces on deterioration and minimal future life. Merseyside Districts base their personal safety with the significant maintenance policies around costs associated with addressing a deteriorating network. Resource Allocation l the Highway Maintenance Code of Good Practice with local variations While need assessments and whole life Historical information shows that 60% of aimed at particular requirements. costings will remain the primary funding allocations during the previous considerations for reasons of cost five years has been directed at minor l A co-ordinated assessment system effectiveness and safety, maintenance repair schemes. whereby all Authorities collectively priorities will also take account of: It would be prudent to continue with produce visual condition surveys l Bus priority routes, this ringfenced allocation as a supported by both historical and commencement point for future years. contemporary. Freight network l This approach will accommodate each l cycling and walking networks Authority's needs whilst allowing a l Deflectrograph, SCRIM and CVI substantial element of funding for major data. schemes. PRINCIPAL ROAD This remaining 40% will be targeted in l The strategic importance of the MAINTENANCE accordance with the planned strategies route in the transport network, on a needs basis, based upon whether the route is identified on Highway deterioration is a key factor commonly used condition surveys such bus priority routes, the freight, throughout the area with all Authorities as Deflectrograph, Scrim and Coarse walking or cycling networks. having individual needs. A strategy is Visual Inspection (CVI). Clearly being developed whereby individual technical support data holds the key to Funding allocations will be based on needs can be addressed within the allocation along with cross border co- this co-ordinated area wide approach overall framework of a co-ordinated ordination. which will target greatest deterioration approach to maintenance issues. As further objective survey information taking account of the role of the route in Maintenance falls into two distinct becomes available and the wider the network. categories which address implication of the Regional Transport Strategy develops the 60/40 allocation of funding will be reviewed on the basis NON PRINCIPAL of the planned strategy. ROAD NETWORK

185 merseyside LOCAL TRANSPORT PLAN 2001/2-2005/6 OPPORTUNITIES FOR ALL JULY 2000 HIGHWAY MAINTENANCE

Each Authority is aware of its own Merseyside Districts meet the level of data to support the following needs and duties regarding the requirements of survey condition data Performance Indicators: maintenance on non-principal roads and collection. Deflectrograph, SCRIM and l The cost of highway maintenance per 100 footways together with winter CVI Information is being produced both vehicle km on principal roads maintenance, energy and maintenance in support of funding allocation bids and % of principal and non-principal roads of street lighting, routine maintenance as a basis of performance indicator l meeting standards described in the Best including emergency works, highway data. Through a partnering arrangement Value Indicators report drainage and sweeping. a jointly sponsored laboratory for all The assessment of condition and Merseyside Districts co-ordinates all l total number of pavement repairs and % of needs is a key element and the survey condition data etc, along with repairs to dangerous pavements made within authorities strive to continue to improve material testing. This benefits all 24hrs of reporting their own inspection and assessment Authorities through the sharing of systems for the benefit of the highway information and economies of scale These requirements will be achieved users. leading to Best Value. individually to allow the assessment of Whilst the maintenance of non- Whilst there is a reliance at present on area wide needs. A PMS is being principal routes could be seen as an traditional condition assessment data, utilised to analyse condition data. individual task for each Authority, great all Authorities are committed to the Authorities are resolved to meet all benefits can be and are, gained from a implementation of a Pavement data collection requirements and the co-ordinated approach. Regular Management System (PMS) as soon as Merseyside Laboratory continues to co- strategic and technical meetings are it is practical. Research is continuing ordinate survey data collection and the held to discuss best practice, share into the most appropriate system which area wide approach. information, seek assistance and to take will complement existing systems and advantage on an area-wide basis, of practices. This will ultimately facilitate in individual skills and strengths. Authority comparison and is welcomed ENVIRONMENTAL Constructive working relationships as the next stage in the natural CONSIDERATIONS between Authorities have led to an progression to ultimate co-operation innovative approach to strategic and co-ordination between Authorities. Increased use will be made of low condition assessment and maintenance As a first stage towards implementation noise, low spray hard wearing flexible practice. This co-operation will continue of a PMS, Merseyside Districts will be surfacing materials, recycled materials to be a prime function in future undertaking a CVI of the Principal and will be used whenever possible in maintenance. Non-Principal Route Network. approved circumstances when they are Again, reference will be made to local consistent with the required walking and cycling networks. specification. PERFORMANCE INDICATORS A programmed approach to carriageway maintenance will reduce UPDATE ON STRUCTURAL The latest information published by the the incidents of ad-hoc repairs giving CONDITION SURVEYS Audit Commission in March 2000 rise to delays, incurring pollution and directs each Authority on the required other environmental negatives.

Table 3.24 : Residual Life of Network Table 3.25 : Lengths Requiring Treatment - 5 Year Programme (Average of 1995/97 Surveys) Lengths Requiring Treatment Treatment Costs < 0 years 0-4 years 5-9 years Total (km) £M % of Total Liverpool 34.30% 9.72% 9.94% 53.96% Liverpool 51.64 12.652 29.63 Knowsley 9.16% 6.14% 8.28% 23.58% Knowsley 13.01 3.187 7.46 Sefton 37.68% 34.53% 9.29% 81.40% Sefton 39.80 9.751 22.84 Wirral 14.75% 14.32% 14.77% 43.84% Wirral 28.77 7.049 16.51 St Helens 26.75 6.554 15.35 M62 (motorway) - 3.500 8.20

186 HIGHWAY MAINTENANCE

Road section of the M62 within FIVE YEAR PLAN A summary of lengths of road requiring Knowsley and Liverpool which has been maintenance to achieve the 5 and 10 costed at £3.5m Based on the most recent Countywide year objectives with costs on a District deflectograph surveys 38.9% (160km) to District basis is provided (Table 3.25- PRIORITY SCHEMES of the network will require maintenance 26). to achieve the objective that “the whole The condition of the Trunk Road The following schemes (Table 3.27) of the Merseyside Principal Road network has not been assessed and is have been identified within Merseyside Network of 411km (excluding the M62) PRINCIPAL ROADS for inclusion in a 5 year programme, will have a residual life at the end of the Road Lengths (excludes Trunk these will be subject to revision at such five year plan” (see Table 3.24). The Roads/M62 principal motorway) times that additional condition survey cost of achieving this together with the data becomes available. maintenance of the Principal Road Liverpool 117.3km Table 3.27 : Priority Schemes section of the M62 is £40.862m Knowsley 85km Sefton 55.2km A58 Liverpool Road Wirral 89.7km A5090 Hawthorn Road TEN YEAR PLAN St Helens 63.7km A533 Road / Fender Lane A580 Breck Road Based on the same countywide surveys A580 Townsend Lane 48.9% (210km) of the network will not included in either the 5 or 10 year A562 Higher Road require maintenance to achieve the plans. A5207 Green Lane objective that the whole of the network B5201 Burrows Lane will have a residual life at the end of the MAJOR SCHEME PROPOSALS A553 Laird Street / Park Road North ten year plan. A5052 Leeds Street / Challoner Street The cost of achieving this objective is The only major scheme costing over A5080 Cronton Road £52.66m and equates to a further 10% £1m that has to date been identified A50 Islington / Brunswick Street of the network (41km) requiring within Merseyside is for the A570 Scarisbrick New Road maintenance over that five-year plan. maintenance of sections of the Principal A554 North Wallasey Approach Table 3.26 : Lengths Requiring Treatment - 10 Year Programme A5036 Regent Road A5050 St Domingo Road / Everton Road Lengths Requiring Treatment Treatment Costs A565 Preston New Road (km) £M % of Total A506 County Road A562 Hillfoot Avenue Liverpool 63.30 15.509 29.44 A506 Bank Lane Knowsley 20.04 4.910 9.32 A59 Ormskirk Road Sefton 44.93 11.008 20.89 A5058 Queens Drive Wirral 39.32 9.633 18.29 A506 Valley Road St Helens 33.12 8.11 15.40 A5098 Marsh Lane M62 (motorway) - 3.500 6.65 A5036 Riverside Drive / Jericho Lane

187 merseyside LOCAL TRANSPORT PLAN 2001/2-2005/6 OPPORTUNITIES FOR ALL JULY 2000 BRIDGE MAINTENANCE & STRENGTHENING

he condition of bridges across POLICY OBJECTIVES 2006. TMerseyside can determine the v. The identification and prioritisation of role of routes. It is essential, for The detailed Policy Objectives for the programmes of structural environmental and economic Capital Maintenance of bridges are as maintenance works based on the reasons, that identified public follows: findings of the bridge inspections to transport and freight routes in i. The inspection of all Council owned address the deterioration to the particular are able to be used for highway structures to ensure their bridge stock resulting from the their purpose. It is also essential to safety for users of the highway, prioritisation of available funding to maintain the condition of other including as a minimum, a General the assessment and strengthening high capacity routes to prevent Inspection every two years and a programme during the last decade. traffic being diverted to less Principal Inspection every six years. Priority will be given to those suitable routes, in particular schemes where further deterioration through residential areas. ii. To complete the assessments of the would result in changes to the carrying capacity of highway bridges condition factors used in the There is at present a total of 903 on all roads at the earliest assessment programme and could highway structures in Merseyside for opportunity to ensure their safe use therefore compromise the assessed which records are available. The with regards to the recent carrying capacity of the bridge. ownership of these is shown in Table introduction of the 40 tonne lorry. Account will also be taken of the One. There are also a considerable road hierarchy in order to maintain number of other highway structures iii. To strengthen weak bridges on structures to an appropriate including retaining walls, culverts, sign Primary and Strategic Routes and standard based on its role within the gantries, cellars and high mast lighting those weak bridges on other roads network. columns for which, at present, only where there are no suitable limited information is available. alternative routes for restricted vi. Establishment of a common Appendix 12 (in ‘Technical vehicles, or the route is of local computerised Bridge Management Appendices’), provides a list of all importance and the introduction of a System for all highway structures highway bridges in Merseyside, permanent weight restriction would within Merseyside. This will assist in including details of the road number, have implications for local formulating future strategies and volume of traffic (where figures are businesses, public transport or priorities for work programmes to available) and the status of the restrict economic growth. ensure that available funding is assessment, where appropriate. allocated in the most appropriate iv. To identify and record all other manner in line with the principles of highway supporting structures by Best Value. A sum of £60,000 has March 2003 and complete been allocated in 2000/01 to enable assessments on them by March the database to be established and

189 merseyside LOCAL TRANSPORT PLAN 2001/2-2005/6 OPPORTUNITIES FOR ALL JULY 2000 BRIDGE MAINTENANCE & STRENGTHENING

commence inputting data. inspections for assessment, and a backlog of retaining walls and cellars. As only assessments requiring approval by Railtrack's limited records are available on these BRIDGE MANAGEMENT SYSTEM Consultants. There has also been slow structures an exercise has commenced progress with those assessments being to undertake a survey to locate all such A new computerised Bridge managed by Railtrack on behalf of the Local structures and incorporate them into the Management System is to be Authorities. Many of these assessments were new Bridge Management System. introduced across Merseyside during ordered three years ago with results expected Assessments on any suspect structures 2000/01, with the inputting of data for the past two years. Railtrack has also will be undertaken as they are identified spread over a number of years. This will advised that the estimated cost of these with those on other structures being enable all bridge records to be linked to assessments has increased from £8,500 to undertaken on completion of the survey. the database and workload priorities to £11,500 per bridge. The bid for assessments be established on a Merseyside-wide has therefore been increased to meet these basis. The system will be GIS based additional costs. Only six Railtrack BRIDGE STRENGTHENING (Graphical Information System) enabling assessments have as yet been approved, key data to be readily transferred into although provisional results are available for a Strengthening of weak bridges identified other Council systems. Its introduction number of bridges. Based on performance to to date on primary and strategic routes will result in operational savings such as date, it is anticipated that the assessments on has been completed or is included in the use of data capture devices for on these bridges will not be completed until the 2000/01 programme except in the site updating of inspection records. March 2003. Railtrack have, however, following instance: identified a number of bridges as potentially weak through their risk mitigation exercise, L88:Tunnel Relief Flyover North ASSESSMENTS and temporary measures have now been implemented on these bridges as detailed in The assessment has not yet been complete but There are a total of 564 bridges within Appendix 12 (‘Technical Appendices’) the foundations are known to be under Merseyside requiring assessments strength. Strengthening of the bridge is including 276 Council owned bridges An overview of the bridge assessment currently on hold pending the outcome of a and 181 owned by Railtrack (see Table programme is given in Table Two, with results feasibility study into the area which may 3.28). of assessments and the current situation recommend removal of the flyover. Virtually all the assessments on regarding strengthening (including indications Council owned bridges, together with of temporary measures) for each bridge shown Railtrack Bridges: The main emphasis most third party owned bridges other in Appendix 12 (‘Technical Appendices’). over the next five years will be the than a majority of Railtrack bridges strengthening of Railtrack bridges. Whilst only have now been completed. With the virtual completion of the bridge six assessment results have as yet been assessment programme (see Table approved by Railtrack, 18 bridges have been Railtrack Bridges: Completion of the 3.29) other than Railtrack bridges, provisionally identified as weak with a further assessments on Railtrack bridges has been attention is now being focussed on the 4 confirmed as being weak. However as the delayed due to the timescales involved in assessment of other highway full scale of the problem will not be known for obtaining track possessions to undertake the supporting structures and in particular a number of years, an assumption has been

BRIDGE MAINTENANCE

190 BRIDGE MAINTENANCE & STRENGTHENING

made that 33% of Railtrack bridges (60) will strengthening these areas is prohibitive. following their detrunking, there is require strengthening at an average cost of concern over the adequacy of proposed £500,000 with the costs equally split between funding based on the standard formulae the Councils and Railtrack. Based on STRENGTHENING SCHEMES IN due to the number of bridges per Railtrack's current level of funding for bridge EXCESS OF £1 MILLION kilometre within Merseyside. Its strengthening, the bid includes £2 million a adequacy will be dependent on the year for strengthening of Railtrack bridges to Whilst some of the Railtrack condition of the bridges at the time of enable strengthening works to be completed strengthening schemes may be in detrunking. by March 2009. This figure will be reviewed excess of £1 million, the only scheme in A summary of expenditure on over the next few years as more assessment this category identified to date is: assessments, strengthening and results on Railtrack bridges become available, structural maintenance since 1995/96 together with more accurate estimates of the Marine Parade Bridge together with the funding required to strengthening costs for each bridge and the undertake the work proposed up to proportion to be paid by the Councils. This 200 metre long 13 span bridge spans over 2005/06 is given in Table 3.30. the Marine Lake at Southport. The bridge An increase in the allocation of £1 failed its assessment early in the programme million a year would enable strengthening and was originally subject to a weight works to be completed by March 2005 subject restriction but has since been closed to traffic. to the necessary financial contributions being Due to recent and proposed further substantial available from Railtrack. redevelopment of the seafront, the reopening of the bridge is now considered to be a priority Priorities: Strengthening works will in to provide access for emergency services. The general take priority over structural estimated cost of these works is £2.8 million. maintenance. The exception will be when structural maintenance is required to ensure that assessment results are not compromised, STRUCTURAL MAINTENANCE with priority, where possible, being given to those weak bridges on the Primary Route Whilst a provisional five year Network. Due regard will also be taken of the programme of structural maintenance corridor strategies in liaison with the other has been prepared, the introduction of sub-groups, to ensure that strengthening Principal Inspections on bridges works are prioritised to minimise impact on throughout Merseyside and the desired mode hierarchy's and other proposed Common Bridge Management System measures on the corridor. However for will enable the programme to be Railtrack bridges, the programme will be reviewed in order to deliver best value dictated by the probability of collapse and with the funding available. In addition, availability of track possessions. Railtrack do the bid includes a sum of £750,000 per recognise and endeavour to accommodate annum, to enable emergency repairs Highways Authority priorities such as in the and minor works contracts up to case of St. Mary’s Road, East Bridge on the £25,000 per bridge to be undertaken on A561 at Garston. In this case, after discussions a number of bridges where it can be with affected parties, it was agreed that a demonstrated that action now will long term weight restriction would have prevent the need for more costly repairs significant implications for traffic movements at a later date. on an important strategic route and Railtrack The funding for structural maintenance agreed to replace the bridge deck as a matter is supplemented by revenue funding of priority during 2000/20001. totalling £350,000 across Merseyside in 2001/ 01 for routine maintenance to Appropriate Condition: In general bridges. It is proposed that this level of bridges will be strengthened to carry 40 funding be maintained to address tonnes due to the difficulties in policing and issues such as drainage and enforcing weight restrictions, or other higher vegetation. capacity required on abnormal load routes. Whilst no provision has been made Barriers will be provided to eliminate vehicles within the bid for the funding of from weak footpaths/verges where the cost of maintenance to trunk road bridges

191 merseyside LOCAL TRANSPORT PLAN 2001/2-2005/6 OPPORTUNITIES FOR ALL JULY 2000 LIGHTING

ffective lighting is essential in -In the vicinity of public transport E interchanges, particularly bus stops providing a safe and welcoming l Part of a highway improvement scheme night environment for the benefit Part of a local safety scheme of all road users, and especially l Key routes within the walking network pedestrians and cyclists. - STRATEGY (i.e. those accessing public transport opportunities) Lighting forms a key element of the delivery of the partners commitment to For the purposes of the LTP the status -Key routes on the cycling network. meeting the Crime and Disorder Act. of lighting can be separated into three -Local safety schemes Maximum benefit from walking and categories: -Highway improvements cycling initiatives can only be derived if the public perception of the night scene 1. Lighting which requires does not discourage travel during the improvement as part of a specific LTP The required improvements may be hours of darkness. improvement theme achieved by a number of means:

The overall objective is to illuminate all l Change of luminaire pavements and highways to an 2. Existing lighting which does not Change of light source appropriate level. meet the minimum requirements of l Lighting on the public highway is BS5489 and requires improvement l increase of mounting height provided by each local authority. New l Installation of new lighting column installations are designed in accordance 3. Existing lighting which meets with BS5489.This British Standard gives BS5489 and does not require any guidance on the general principles of improvement Appropriate light levels combined with road lighting. It covers careful selection of light sources and recommendations relating to the Each local authority will produce or luminaires will be used to achieve the aesthetic and technical requirements of review, at least once a year, their own objective and create the safe road lighting including classification of programmes of maintenance and atmosphere, both actual and perceived, installations according to the level and lighting improvements to bring lighting required during the hours of darkness. type of pedestrian and vehicular traffic. levels up to the requirement of BS5489 Emphasis will be placed on With present levels of finance, throughout their road network. illuminating high usage / high risk improvements are generally restricted A priority list of improvements will be locations whenever possible. to: developed taking account of: Good liaison with transport providers, l Replacement of life expired stock l Life expired equipment police and transport users will ensure continuity of an integrated approach. l Crime and disorder strategy enhancement l Crime and disorder strategy works l Part of an area regeneration scheme l LTP improvement themes, e.g.

195 merseyside LOCAL TRANSPORT PLAN 2001/2-2005/6 OPPORTUNITIES FOR ALL JULY 2000 LIGHTING

ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT immediate attention. When "Putting the Passenger First", The possible environmental impact of the partner authorities will seek to lighting improvements, including light deliver and maintain to high standards pollution and energy consumption, will an integrated programme of lighting be considered fully, particularly with improvements across the public regard to: transport network. Particular emphasis l possibilities of light pollution on residential will be placed on ensuring excellent areas / rural areas / affect on listed or key lighting levels re provided at the buildings particularly those subject to following: floodlighting l bus stops and key pedestrian routes energy consumption policies contained l to and from bus stops as part of within partners Local Agenda 21 strategies. Quality Bus Partnerships (QBP's)

l bus and rail stations MAINTENANCE l key interchange sites in line with Replacement of life expired stock is a best practice guidelines in the major problem for all authorities. Many Merseyside Interchange Strategy older installations are in poor structural condition and utilise inefficient l Park & ride sites. luminaires and control gear. Structural and electrical inspections Lighting improvements will also are carried out in all districts. These complement other passenger safety and inspections provide the information security measures being introduced required to monitor the condition of across the network including extensions lighting equipment, illuminated street to Closed Circuit TV (CCTV) coverage. furniture and associated underground Furthermore, Merseytravel will work cable networks. The information closely with the local authorities to obtained is used to orgnanise any ensure that the condition of lighting remedial works required and facilitate across the network will be continuously long-term maintenance strategies. monitored with fast track priority given To ensure lighting levels are to repair or replace any damaged maintained cleaning is carried out on a lighting at key points across the cyclical basis. network. Each authority operates a system of Care will also be taken to ensure non- night time inspections to identify intrusive lighting standards are inoperative lights in need of attention. maintained at Park & Ride sites in This system is complemented by a residential areas and other complaints facility for the public to environmentally sensitive areas. report any defects requiring more

196 DETRUNKING

number of trunk roads in for this purpose, and plans are laid to efficiency to allow traffic calming and other AMerseyside, being deemed non- ensure that this remains to be the case. restraint measures on adjacent local access core routes, are due to be roads, whilst investigating potential public detrunked. Currently these are in a Proposals: One of the junctions is under transport improvements. state of virtual detrunking, i.e. the investigation at present for reasons of road Highways Agency is still the safety. These junctions are very important A565 Crossens to Lancashire highway authority but has because maintaining the momentum of Boundary (Corridor L) relinquished responsibility for the economic regeneration of the Industrial and capacity of these roads and is Business Parks is of the highest priority. As This is a short length of single responsible only for maintenance part of the overall access strategy for the area, carriageway running between what is and safety issues (including funding consideration is being given to the creation of known locally as the "Plough" of schemes to this end). a new signalised junction, between the two roundabout and the boundary with existing ones. Lancashire, a distance of around The detrunking process will give the 500metres on the main highway local authorities a greater level of Lancashire County Council has taken approach to Southport from the north. control over the road network in their temporary responsibility for the road during areas, and consequently improved the period of virtual detrunking, after which it Proposal: A proposal to construct a short integration in planning the network. will revert to Knowsley MBC. Finance for the bypass on an improved alignment has recently schemes indicated above has been included in been abandoned, the intention now being to the LTP programme. There were no schemes secure funding for minor road safety and LIAISON WITH THE on this road in the National Roads Programme speed reduction. HIGHWAYS AGENCY which was withdrawn in July 1998 A570 Kew to Lancashire There are four authorities in Merseyside Boundary (Corridor K) with non-core trunk roads,each of whom SEFTON have had ongoing discussions with the Again, this is a short length of Highways Agency concerning the virtual It is anticipated that, with the exception carriageway, running between a major detrunking process. of the A5036, all of the following roads roundabout and the boundary with It is the aim of the Highways Agency are to be detrunked eventually, and are Lancashire, a distance of around 300 to have the necessary orders in place presently virtually detrunked. metres. The A570 is the main highway by April 2002, with a view to completing A565 Bootle to Ainsdale (Corridor A) approach to Southport form the east. the hand over of all routes by June 2003. The exceptions to this are the This route runs from Bootle through Proposal: There are no proposals or A41 where handover will take place on Seaforth, Crosby, Formby (bypassing identified safety problems on the length of the 1 April 2002 and the A565 which, the town itself) to Ainsdale. The route route within Sefton other than a junction subject to successful negotiations, may continues to Southport town centre but improvement at Foul Lane which is to funded be handed over earlier. has not been trunked between Ainsdale by a private developer. This will also and Crossens. contribute to the Southport Park & Ride The route is a mixture of single and strategy by improving access to the proposed KNOWSLEY dual carriageways with fifteen traffic site. A580 East Lancashire Road signal controlled junctions and four (Corridor C) major roundabouts. Accident investigations have been completed at Currently, the only road in Knowsley, several locations and a number of which is to be detrunked is the A580 schemes are included in the Highways East Lancashire Road, which runs Agency’s programme of safety between the St Helens and Liverpool improvements. boundaries. It has a major junction with the M57, and two signalised junctions Proposals: This length of the A565 is the which form the access to Knowsley main north-south highway route through the Industrial and Business parks. At northern corridor (corridor A). The approach present they provide sufficient capacity adopted in the strategy is to maximise its

197 merseyside LOCAL TRANSPORT PLAN 2001/2-2005/6 OPPORTUNITIES FOR ALL JULY 2000 DETRUNKING

A59 Switch Island to Lancashire Boundary (Corridor B) parts of the northern side, but there are no specific cycleways. This route runs from Switch Island in ST HELENS Each of the signal controlled junctions Netherton in a northerly direction appears in the St Helens Road Safety through and Lydiate, to the There are two trunk roads in St Helens. Plan as having more than twelve boundary with Lancashire. The road is a They are both due to be detrunked in accidents in a three year period. A dual carriageway over its entire length the future and are currently in a state of major accident problem has been with five traffic signal controlled virtual detrunking. identified at the uncontrolled crossroad junctions and one roundabout along its junction (Haydock Lane) and proposals length. A580 East Lancashire Road (Corridor C) to solve this are programmed and a There are no outstanding safety scheme is included in the Highways issues on the route, although two This runs through the Borough from the Agency’s programme of Safety junctions are being monitored closely - Wigan boundary in the east to the Improvement for 2000/01. one to assess the effects of remedial Knowsley boundary in the west (13 km). measures and one where an accident This is a dual two lane carriageway and Proposal: The trunk road forms the main investigation may be required in the includes six signal controlled junctions, highway spine of Corridor C. The approach is future. several minor left on / left off road that the existing access points should be junctions and one uncontrolled maintained and made as safe as possible for Proposal: The approach being taken is to staggered crossroad. All but one of the local and strategic traffic, capacity should be maximise the efficiency and safety of this signal controlled junctions are under maximised to allow restraint to be imposed on route and explore possible road safety MOVA control. parallel routes and overall safety should be improvements. Public transport improvements A lighting scheme covers the whole of improved. are being investigated, the A59 forming part the St Helens section of the road. A of a potential SMART quality bus corridor. footway extends along the whole of the A570 Rainford By-Pass (Corridor N) southern side of the carriageway and

198 DETRUNKING

This runs from Windle Island junction on development area. These are the only major the A580 north to the boundary with improvement schemes programmed for West Lancashire District Council (6km). the road. This is a dual two lane carriageway and includes two roundabout controlled Whilst Wirral is not currently the agent for the junctions and several minor junctions A41 trunk road, following virtual detrunking, with centre crossings. Wirral is intending to carry out accident investigations with a view to introducing cost The southern-most section is lit and effective remedial measures at those sites with there are cycle tracks on both sides for a high accident record. the majority of its length. The junction which suffers the worst A lighting scheme covers the whole of the accident record is the controlled Wirral section of the road and a footway crossroad junction at Mill Lane. extends along the whole length of the road with the exception of the Rock Ferry / New Proposal: The trunk road forms part of the Rock Ferry by-pass. The road is subject to a main highway spine in corridor N. The speed limit of 40mph with the exception of the approach is not to increase the number of Rock Ferry / New Rock Ferry by-pass which has access points but reduce the number of recently had a 50mph speed limit imposed existing ones where possible and ensure that instead of the 70mph limit previously in force. those remaining are as safe as possible for The speed limit reduction was part of a local and strategic traffic. Capacity package of measures introduced to reduce improvements are acceptable where accidents on the by-pass. complementary capacity reduction is introduced on parallel routes. The A41 forms the main highway spine of Corridor V along the peninsula. There has been a reduction in traffic flows along this WIRRAL route over the last five years. Some of the reduction may be accounted for by the A41 New Chester Road (Corridor V) diversion of HGVs from the Queensway This is the only trunk road in Wirral and (Birkenhead) Tunnel to the Kingsway runs between the Borough boundary (Wallasey) Tunnel following the imposition of with Cheshire at Hooton, just south of a ban, prohibiting vehicle weighing 3.5 tonnes junction 5 of the M53, to a point just and above from using the tunnel from north of the northern terminal of the February 1998. Vehicles in this category Rock Ferry bypass (total length travelling north / south are now more likely to 10.1km). The road comprises 4km of use the M53 when travelling to or from dual two lane carriageway and 6.1km of Liverpool. The 'Liverpool' destination signs on single carriageway with two lanes in the M53 and the A41 at Hooton should also each direction. It includes eight signal be encouraging north-bound drivers of non- controlled junctions which are linked HGVs, from Cheshire and beyond, to use the using (UTC) SCOOT and in addition, motorway. there are three roundabouts, one of which is partly signalled and incorporates selective vehicle detection CROSS BOUNDARY (SVD) equipment, to give priority IMPLICATIONS treatment to SMART buses on the route. Detrunking has clear cross boundary implications. Therefore the partners in Proposal: In order to accommodate increases conjunction with the Highways Agency in traffic arising from the Wirral International will consult closely with neighbouring Business Park, at Bromborough, it is proposed local authorities over the to improve the junctions of the A41 / Old Hall implementation of those policies. Road and A41 / Pool Lane, respectively the southern and northern "gateways" to the

199 merseyside LOCAL TRANSPORT PLAN 2001/2-2005/6 OPPORTUNITIES FOR ALL JULY 2000 RURAL ISSUES

he Merseyside Local Transport l East of Kirkby and to the north of they are more likely to be fatal on rural TPlan seeks to deliver an St Helens roads. Casualty rates are falling, but integrated package of measures l Between major settlements on the Sefton this is slowest on minor rural roads. which aim to:- and south Wirral coasts Roads in the countryside are becoming l Between Bebington and Neston, and increasingly hazardous for pedestrians, l Maximise social inclusion by along the boundary with Neston and cyclists and horseriders. improving accessibility and travel Ellesmere Port; and Some 6% of rural car trips are less choice for people living in rural l Between Netherton and Maghull and than one mile. Many of these journeys communities. along the boundary with West Lancashire (eg to school) are feasible on foot or bicycle, but the nature of rural roads (eg l Reduce the environmental impact of the absence of a pavement or a winding transport and improve safety in rural HIGH CAR USE hedge lined route) make the perceived areas. AND DEPENDENCY risk of injury by vehicles too great. Except for the Wirral Way and the l Encourage visitors to use In line with national trends, car network at Country Park, environmentally friendly forms of ownership in rural areas of Merseyside few off-road bridleways are more than transport both when travelling to and is generally higher than in urban two miles long, so many horse-riders travelling around rural areas. communities. Journeys are also longer have to use sections of public highway in rural areas; average distances from on a regular basis. Since 1st April 2000, l Protect and enhance the extensive homes to bus stops and railway stations DETR and the Merseyside Police have network of existing rights of way are greater, and public transport less been required to report on accidents across Merseyside including frequent. Some 93% of rural involving horses, but official data is not footpaths, bridleways and canal households have a car, compared to yet available. footpaths. the national average of 70%. Rural households are also twice as likely to l Support community transport run more than one car, compared to PUBLIC TRANSPORT initiatives. metropolitan built up areas. The availability and uptake of public transport remains a key issue in rural CONTEXT areas. ROAD SAFETY Being a metropolitan area, the vast l Less than one third of rural pensioners majority of Merseyside's population is Levels of traffic are increasing faster on use concessionary fare schemes available obviously urban based. But there are rural roads than on other roads. While to them. significant rural communities, namely: more road accidents occur in towns,

201 merseyside LOCAL TRANSPORT PLAN 2001/2-2005/6 OPPORTUNITIES FOR ALL JULY 2000 RURAL ISSUES

LINKING RURAL COMMUNITIES l Only 16% of all households within rural some cases, the network is also TO LOCAL CENTRES, HEATH areas are within 6 minutes walk of a bus important as a means of making local FACILITIES AND THE PUBLIC stop with service frequencies of 30 minutes journeys, to shops, school and work. TRANSPORT NETWORK or less (compared to 66% nationwide) l The network of public rights of way on Merseyside comprises an l Few rural households have an easy walk estimated 520 km of footpaths, The following bus services have to rail services, making rail use for bridleways and Byways Open to All been introduced by Merseytravel commuting and business travel dependent Traffic (BOATs). using the Government’s Rural Bus on modal interchange, either involving Grant funding: bus links, or especially a car journey. l The Mersey Way has been designated as a strategic regional 157 - a 45 min frequency service linking Bus Services: The following have been recreational route, providing an the communities of Crank, Rainford identified as rural communities in important link to some of the finest Junction and Kings Moss to the local Merseyside: landscapes in the north west of centres of Rainford and Billinge, Billinge England. Hospital and the rail network l Sefton - Ince Blundell; Melling; Lunt; Sefton Village l The number of local and regional l St Helens - Rainford Junction; Crank; routes has grown considerably in 185 - an hourly service linking the Kings Moss; Bold Heath communities of Raby, Thornton Hough, the last 20 years. These are made l Wirral - Thornton Hough; Raby; up of existing public rights of way, Brimstage to the district centre of , Brimstage; Barnston; Storeton and follow routes of high landscape Clatterbridge Hospital and two rail stations l Knowsley - Cronton; Tarbock Green value or historical interest or have some regional or local theme. They 265 - linking Tarbock Green, Bold Heath All these communities are served by are described and promoted by the to Whiston Hospital and Bus 'conventional ' bus services, however Countryside and Ranger Services of Station the Rural Bus Services Grant, enabled the Merseyside partners, by parish enhanced provision through three councils, local community groups additional services, (see panel). and national interest organisations. In 1987, the then Countryside The Virtual Network: This network will Commission set a national target for the involve the introduction of a series of network of public rights of way to be new demand responsive bus services legally defined, properly maintained and serving areas of relatively low well publicised by 2000. passenger demand or at times of the The Merseyside partners, as highway day (early morning and late evenings) authorities, have a statutory duty to keep a when the number of people travelling is legal record of all public rights of way in the small. Although these services will form of a Definitive Map and Statement. operate to a timetable and serve a Meeting the target of legal definition also particular route they will detour off the involves bringing the maps and statements route to pick up and set down up to date, keeping them under continuous passengers on request. Passenger review, and compiling a rights of way bookings will be co-ordinated through record for previously excluded areas Merseytravel's existing Merseylink (Birkenhead, Liverpool, Southport and booking centre (see also Taxis and Wallasey). National surveys of the Private Hire Vehicles) condition of the network of public rights of way were conducted in 1988, 1993/4 and 2000 by the Countryside Commission RECREATIONAL ACCESS TO Agency. These show that the condition of MERSEYSIDE'S COUNTRYSIDE public rights of way improved for all users - Public Rights of Way walkers, riders and cyclists, although there is still much to be done. The network of public rights of way on This improvement reflects both Merseyside is the single most important growing public interest and awareness means by which the countryside is and increased activity and expenditure enjoyed, on foot, horse or bicycle. In by the Merseyside partners.

202 RURAL ISSUES

recreational routes The Merseyside partners are partnership with adjoining landowners, l extending and developing the remainder of committed to opening up the entire raise the profile of walking, and the network network of public rights of way for safe integrate public rights of way. and convenient use. The Merseyside authorities have As a matter of policy, the Merseyside 4 Whilst such policies recognise the entered into a number of successful partners will promote walking for need to protect sites of amenity, partnerships with the public and private recreational and leisure purpose. conservation and wildlife value, the sectors, both statutory, commercial and Merseyside partners also recognise voluntary, to implement schemes that 1 Recreation and tourism is very popular the importance of improving links to seek to improve the quality of public and a significant source of income and national trails, the network of public access. The Environment Agency, employment. Going for a walk is the rights of way and the open Groundwork Trusts, The British Trust for single most popular recreational countryside. In their respective Conservation Volunteers, and the River activity, and in addition to tourist Milestones Statements, the partners Valley Initiatives of the Mersey Basin attractions, all of which are accessible are looking in detail at how the Campaign (notably Sankey Now and Alt on foot, Merseyside's 520 kilometres of walking strategy can be developed. 2000) are key partners, but the most public rights of way is a unique asset. important partnership is the Mersey 5 Effective management measures will Forest. 2 Many people make use of the balance the approach between network of pedestrian facilities and recreation and conservation, but the suburban and rural footpaths. provision for good quality access is THE MERSEY FOREST Walking clearly forms an important a key way of stimulating healthy part of the informal leisure market, exercise, and the Merseyside The Mersey Forest, the largest of the 12 and in accordance with the partners are committed to community forests promoted by the Merseyside Code of Practice on establishing a network of pedestrian Countryside Agency and the Forestry Access and Mobility, the partner routes. Commission, is an imaginative concept authorities are taking measures to supported by a partnership that includes meet the need of the elderly and 6 The establishment or extension of all the Merseyside authorities (except people with disability or impaired long-distance routes is positively Wirral). A key objective of the Mersey mobility. promoted within Merseyside, Forest is to increase opportunities for 3 The Merseyside partners are especially those serving the Wirral access and recreation. The partner committed through UDP policies to Way, Sefton Coast, Mersey Forest, authorities aim to establish and manage develop, safeguard and enhance a the various canals and river valleys, a strategic network of routes based on network of recreational routes, with and Croxteth Country Park. long-distance trails and other existing particular emphasis placed upon:- paths. In urban areas and degraded l defining the network of public rights of way In conjunction with other initiatives, the landscapes, the network will form Merseyside partners have prepared wooded greenways extending narrow linking public open spaces and l Management Plans for a number of fringes of forest into urban centres. the Countryside sites, which identify responsibilities, The partner authorities seek to achieve l linking the network with routes in assist in specification and development, the provision of well-designed and adjoining authorities advise on use, resolve conflict, identify managed public access as part of large- and assist in funding bids and scale woodland creation projects, l completing and improving key packages, provide a basis for especially when these projects receive

203 merseyside LOCAL TRANSPORT PLAN 2001/2-2005/6 OPPORTUNITIES FOR ALL JULY 2000 RURAL ISSUES

assistance from public funds or where they Internet. busy roads. A recent national survey are required as a condition of planning revealed an average of 30 horse related permission. In designing access to and accidents every day. within woodlands, the partner authorities The Countryside Agency definition of a This imbalance needs to be addressed will give special consideration to the needs Greenway is : in the local transport plan to meet of people with disability and impaired increasing demand and growing danger. mobility, in accordance with the ‘..a network of largely car-free off-road routes The Countryside Agency in recent Merseyside Code of Practice on Access connecting people to facilities and open reports notes the allied potential and Mobility. spaces in and around towns, cities and to the benefits to be realised in the local countryside. For shared use by people of all economy through a network of abilities on foot, bike or horseback, for bridleways that is well understood, GREENWAYS AND QUIET ROADS commuting, play or leisure'. properly managed and adequately maintained. The Mersey Forest has also been The definition is on the one hand chosen as a Greenways and Quiet sufficiently 'broad brush' to allow some The objectives of the strategy are:- Roads National Demonstration Project local flexibility and interpretation, whilst by the Countryside Agency to assist the providing specific minimum guidance as l to increase the confidence and Government to deliver its sustainable to what must be required for the route pleasure with which a growing transport policy, as well as provide to be designated as a greenway (i.e. number of the public will be able to recreational, environmental, social and multi-user routes, largely off-road, enjoy their chosen recreation. health benefits. linking open spaces and town and country). This guidance will be l to reduce the risk of accident. The Objectives of the National expanded following the conclusion of Demonstration Project are: the demonstration project to include l to attract investment in maintaining minimum standards for routes and an and improving the bridleway l Develop pilot Greenway Networks of accreditation process that will guarantee network. which greenways as linear parks the quality of a route. and green routes will be part. These It should not be necessary to 're- l to promote appreciation and include existing examples of badge' appropriate routes as understanding by the public, locals good practice. 'greenways' as long as they can at least and visitors of the heritage of demonstrate that (a) they meet the ancient arteries of trade and travel in l Develop a Demonstration wide necessary criteria and (b) their value Merseyside. Greenway Strategy and establish and worth to the wider Mersey Forest this as part of the formal basis for 'greenway' network. The popularity of riding as a leisure pursuit ongoing implementation and The National Demonstration project is is increasing annually, with the greatest management of non-motorised overseen by the Mersey Forest Access rise taking place in the North West. transport. Action Group, upon which the relevant Merseyside authorities are represented. Claims for New Bridleways: The demand for l Develop partnership, process and bridleways is likely to be greatest in areas standards which promote high where the number of horseriders is high or quality, accessible and useful BRIDLEWAY STRATEGY where the extent of the existing network is networks. This is intended to help low. The areas where demand is already high assess and develop a national The purpose of the bridleway strategy for are in Croxteth Hall Country Park, in other City accreditation scheme for Greenway Merseyside is to provide a comprehensive Parks such as Sefton and Newsham and along Networks. overview of the current state of the the Liverpool-Knowsley boundary from West bridleway network in the five authorities, Derby to Netherley. l From the prior experience and work and to provide a basis for a systematic of the Demonstration develop approach to maintaining and improving the Additional Provisions for Horses on the National Guidelines of best practice. bridleway network throughout the local Highway: The Merseyside partners, as highway transport plan area. (see Table 3.31). authority, have a duty under Section 172 of l Gather information on the nature The strategy shows that the 20,000 the Highway Act 1990 to provide safe and condition of the networks for horse riders in the region are restricted crossings where bridleways cross major roads, walking, cycling, horse driving and to less than 9% of available rights of with structures and signage as per traffic riding and make this publicly way. As a result, these riders reluctantly advisory note TA57/87. accessible via mapping and the have to use Merseyside's increasingly

204 RURAL ISSUES

TABLE 3.31 : BRIDLE STRATEGY OVERVIEW KEY ELEMENTS OF Merseyside Authorities THE BRIDLEWAY STRATEGY Council Total length of Total length of Bridleways as network of public bridleways (km) % of Network

rights of way (km) l To encourage the recognition through Knowsley 80 6.49 8.11 the LTP by each local authority and the Liverpool 60 15* 25** general public that horse riding and St Helens 178.4 3.3 1.85 carriage driving is a recreational pursuit Sefton 79.25 3 3.8 followed by many of Merseyside's residents Wirral 117.5 17.2 14.6 and as such warrants a much higher level Total 515.15 44.99 8.73 of priority and resource than currently allocated. Neighbouring Authorities for Comparison Halton 61.94 1.34 2.16 l To actively promote the value of public Greater Manchester 2,782.4 182.5 6.56 bridleway as a multi user recreational Cheshire 3,204.35 132.12 4.12 resource and therefore an economic Lancashire 6443 403 6.25 investment.

l To initiate a programme within the LTP (a) The National Picture to ensure that all existing definitive England 169,000 29,000 15.4 bridleway are restored to use and properly maintained. NOTES

* These figures do not include bridleways claimed in the City's parks, along the A580, or existing l To prioritise and research routes of permissive routes. greatest recreational value and need, and ** The City of Liverpool is the only authority in the north west with the percentage of bridleways above the national average. direct resources to their restoration and maintenance.

l To identify and research missing links and take appropriate action to achieve For a network of bridleways to be safe and convenient for use the Merseyside partners are keen those links. to establish linear routes, links between bridleways and circular rides. The Merseyside partners are committed to the provision of safe havens, either on the verge or at fieldside, where l To identify circular, linear or linking bridleways or minor roads are separated by short lengths of major highway. regional long distance routes with tourism and training potential.

OPEN ACCESS LAND l To establish a centre for information and consultation. This should enable ongoing The Countryside and Rights of Way Bill (currently before Parliament and due to receive informed communication between the Royal Assent in January 2001) introduces the concept of open access land and the right public, local authorities and all relevant of the public to have access to that land. Such land is to be defined and mapped by the organisations. Countryside Agency, and once conclusive, such maps are to be handed to the l To encourage user groups to be involved Merseyside partners, as highway authorities, to keep and maintain. in determination of priorities and The Countryside Agency's North West Region (which includes Merseyside) has been chosen as the pilot for publication at the same time as the LTP. programmes work.

The Bill also allows the Partners powers to create public paths for the purpose of l To encourage and direct research at enabling the public to obtain access to any open access land (which can include all levels. coast, water, cliff and woodland at the discretion of the Countryside Agency). The LTP should make provision for these additional statutory duties. l To examine methods of progressing legal orders more efficiently with the cooperation of the Authorities concerned.

l To investigate and secure additional funding, budget for and set realistic targets.

205 merseyside LOCAL TRANSPORT PLAN 2001/2-2005/6 OPPORTUNITIES FOR ALL JULY 2000 CROSS BOUNDARY ISSUES

he development of Merseyside's of measures to meet forecast transport implementation of a service TLTP is set in the context of the needs over the next 15 years. development strategy and a programme wider North West region. For the The population of the Mersey Belt is in of rail infrastructure capacity measures contained in the LTP to excess of 4 million including the Cities enhancements and station be successful there is a need to of Liverpool and Manchester Growth in developments in key areas. Broad costs ensure consistency with the the use of the highway network is for these are: proposals being promoted by predicted to be 42% over the next 15 l Corridor track and signalling Merseyside's neighbouring years; rail passenger growth over the enhancements £170m authorities in the North West. next five year period is forecast to be between 15-25%. Rail freight growth l Manchester Hub Capacity across the Mersey Belt is expected to Enhancements £500m This section provides a review of the grow substantially especially to the Port cross-boundary proposals that will have of Liverpool. Clearly it is imperative to l Station Improvement Works £30m a direct impact on the Merseyside LTP. plan to meet this increased demand. While the highway network retains l Total Cost £700m sufficient capacity on many links to LIVERPOOL TO MANCHESTER: meet demand, key areas of constraint This will allow delivery of a rail The Mersey Belt Linkages Study will cause the performance of the development strategy, comprising: system to deteriorate significantly In response to the Deputy Prime reflecting the weak links in the network. l Development of a structured

Minister's call for better transport links l Infrastructure pinch points hierarchy of convenient, frequent, between Liverpool and Manchester clock-face services for express, Access routes from the highway network Airports, a consortium led by l inter-urban semi-fast and local to Liverpool and Manchester City Centres Merseytravel and consisting of markets and the airport at Manchester; and Passenger Transport Executives, the Government Office for the North West, l Key intersections on the motorway l Interchange with local rail services, Local Authorities, Liverpool and network Metrolink and local bus services Manchester Airports and railway companies was formed to examine the This will hinder road traffic but also l Enhancement of existing hub issue. adversely affect public transport modes stations (such as Liverpool Lime The core Mersey Belt area straddles using the highway network - coach, bus Street) and the development of new the and comprises and taxi. parkway stations Merseyside, Halton, Warrington and While the rail network can absorb some Greater Manchester. The area contains growth through the operation of longer l Marketing of the enhanced capacity a wide range of strong transport trains via procurement, the previous run and quality of the rail network across linkages, many of which extend beyond down of the railway network over the the Mersey Belt the Mersey Belt area to provide West years leaves it ill-prepared to provide for Coast Main Line, Trans-Pennine, airport growth and the additional trains and new l Expansion of capacity both for and separate corridor links to national services to meet this predicted growth passenger and freight development. and international markets (see Figure pattern. 3.31). Infrastructure capacity constraints On the highway network, the following The aim of the study was to identify the exist on the key Liverpool - Manchester measures are recommended: main regional linkages, their importance and Liverpool-Runcorn rail routes, and and the constraints they pose to movement. with rail station capacity at Liverpool l Measures to manage the highway This provides the basis for a Mersey Belt and Manchester (including Manchester network including high occupancy transport strategy for input into key strategic Airport Station). The major constraint of vehicle lanes, variable message transportation documents including Local strategic national importance is the signing and minor network Transport Plans, Unitary Development conflict between east-west Trans- enhancements Plans, Regional Planning Guidance and Pennine and West Coast Main Line Regional Transport Strategy and Railtrack services at the entrance to Manchester l Priority measures to favour public Network Management Statements and to Piccadilly station. transport such as bus, coach and provide a framework for the implementation The study recommends taxi lanes and signal priorities.

207 merseyside LOCAL TRANSPORT PLAN 2001/2-2005/6 OPPORTUNITIES FOR ALL JULY 2000 CROSS BOUNDARY ISSUES

including: attractive package of cross l Development of integrated express l The need for better cross boundary boundary tickets. coach services and strategic park public transport links and ride initiatives. In addition the Partners are key players l Consideration of the introduction of l Removing key constraints to in the Trans-Pennine Group which are road user charging as part of a projected rail passenger growth seeking to support further balanced longer-term strategy. improvements to the Trans Pennine rail l The possible construction of a l Improving choice and service links between the North West, second Mersey crossing at Runcorn. quality. Yorkshire, East Midlands and the North l Providing better passenger East and will also continue to press for l Better routes for freight to the information through the full further improvements to the West Coast Mersey Ports. involvement in the PTI2000 initiative. Main Line l Implementation of these strategies l Developing new cross boundary will be delivered through Local services (bus and rail) WIRRAL STRATEGIC ALLIANCE Transport Plans, Regional AND LINKS WITH CHESHIRE Strategies, Railtrack Network l Seeking to be responsive to COUNTY COUNCIL'S LTP Management Statements and Route changing cross boundary passenger Strategies, Train Operating needs The Strategic Alliance Area comprises Companies, the franchise the boroughs of Wirral, Ellesmere Port replacement process, and the l The need to improve capacity at key and Neston, Chester and the Chester Highways Agency as well as private points on the regions highway network area of Cheshire County Council as far sector initiatives led by Manchester south as Malpas. and Liverpool Airports and other The area is a recognised travel to partners. BETTER PUBLIC work area with a population of 530,000, TRANSPORT LINKS featuring: l Close working will continue between Mersey Belt authorities through The consultation exercise and cross l Chester with a concentration of Mersey Belt groupings, North boundary liaison with neighbouring service sector and tourism Western regional co-operation and authorities identified the need to: employment; other Trans-Pennine rail and economic development partnerships. l Develop new cross boundary l Ellesmere Port and Neston with services, improving choice and many individual development sites, l Clear support at a national policy service quality, including: a small population and level will be necessary to support predominantly manufacturing the development of Mersey Belt l Identifying opportunities to reopen industry; passenger transport linkages - in disused rail lines for new services particular through Local Transport (e.g. St Helens Junction to St l Wirral economy is more public Plan resources, in the forthcoming Helens Central; the Halton Curve sector-based and has the largest National 10 Year Transport Strategy and the Burscough Curves). pool of people looking for jobs. The and in the SSRA Franchise area acts as a cohesive employment Replacement process. The Mersey l Introduce more cross boundary market giving people the opportunity Belt rail linkages programme is Quality Bus Partnership (QBP) to work in virtually any sector. central to the delivery of the services (eg St Helens SMART). objectives of the strategy. l Introduce more experimental demand responsive cross boundary KEY TRANSPORT PRIORITIES services using new funding opportunities such as the Building on the Mersey Belt Linkages Government's Rural Bus Grant. study, the emerging Regional Transport l Continue to provide essential cross Strategy and the Greater Merseyside boundary concessionary travel Strategic Planning Framework the opportunities. consultation exercise has also identified a number of cross boundary issues l Continue to develop a more

208 CROSS BOUNDARY ISSUES

The CEWTEC Economic Assessment in LTPs. the Mersey is in the list of transport 1998, emphasised that unless the area The Mersey Crossing Group: A key proposals of regional significance that worked together as a cohesive whole, issue raised in the Halton LTP, and could be delivered by 2021. the relative economic position would supported by the Merseyside LTP is the The Study concluded that a new continue to worsen and that advantages need to provide enhanced highway Eastern (low level) crossing would: arising from economies of scale, capacity across the Mersey at Runcorn, l Relieve congestion on the Silver avoidance of duplication and the specifically at the Silver Jubilee Bridge. Jubilee Bridge spreading of best practice could Traffic flows across the Silver Jubilee Improve the reliability of bus services continue to be missed. Importantly it Bridge are significantly in excess of its l was also recognised that businesses design capacity. The Bridge is seriously l Make cycling more attractive and communities wanted to work within congested with sub standard lanes and l Would stimulate economic growth and a coherent area. poor facilities for pedestrians and no regeneration in South Merseyside (Speke / All Council leaders therefore pledged safe facilities for cyclists. Future growth Garston and the western areas of Halton that closer joint working must take in traffic flows seeking to cross the e.g. Ditton and Halebank.) place. In June 1998, the Alliance was Bridge would force trips on to formed. alternative routes, impacting on the Mersey Tunnels and the M6 motorway, The Eastern Crossing option is The Strategic Alliance has a Members particularly at the Thelwall Viaduct. consistent with the advice received by Board with leaders and group leaders of The Merseyside local authorities and the Mersey Crossing Group from the all four Authorities, chaired on an Merseytravel are represented on the Minister for Transport in 1999. annual rotational basis. The Alliance Mersey Crossing Group, which As a consequence a new Mersey road has an Executive, chaired by CEWTEC commissioned two major studies to crossing is featured as a major scheme with representation from the private, evaluate crossing improvement options. in the Halton LTP within the longer-term public, community and voluntary The latest study confirms the major 10-year strategy (target date for sectors. Twenty-nine different role the existing Bridge plays in completion set at 2010). The scheme is organisations are represented including facilitating strategic traffic movements likely to be brought forward as a PFI further education colleges, CVS, CAB, between Liverpool and Runcorn, Vale project and Government funding sought health authorities and the employment Royal, Chester and North Wales. for essential preliminary works. service. Knowsley, Warrington, St. Helens and Improvements to passenger rail The Alliance has identified, and is Sefton are other main destinations. services are also closely integrated with working towards addressing the The Runcorn expressway network priorities in the Merseyside LTP. For following transport issues: south of the Bridge, and both the example in line with the findings of the l The need for better cross boundary public A562/Knowsley Expressway route and Mersey Belt Linkages Study the Halton transport services; the Widnes Eastern By-pass north of LTP reiterates the importance of the Bridge provide fast links between providing an enhanced passenger rail Better transport links to key tourist l the M56 and the M62. They also service linking Liverpool - Widnes - attractions and employment sites; provide diversionary routes for the M6, Warrington and Manchester with two l Remove gaps in the public transport network particularly at the Thelwall Viaduct. The new stations identified within Halton. within the Alliance area; existing Bridge is the only major traffic Another key priority is the introduction constraint on these routes. The Bridge of frequent passenger rail services on l Provide a high quality fully integrated public transport information service through the is also a key point of access to the the Halton Curve, allowing new services PTI2000 initiative; and motorway network for the Speke / to be introduced between Liverpool and Garston development area and is an the proposed new Allerton Interchange l The development of more Commuter Green important strategic gateway into south and Runcorn, Frodsham and Chester. Travel Plans with major businesses. Merseyside. The Halton LTP includes a The Bridge also impacts on the comprehensive bus strategy featuring The Strategic Alliance will continue to economy of the Merseyside Objective the following cross boundary elements: help shape cross boundary transport One area and is a constraint on the improvements through both the economic development of the sub- l The provision of cross boundary Merseyside and Cheshire LTPs. region. The Draft Regional Planning subsidised bus services, which are Guidance for the NorthWest recognises jointly provided LINKS WITH THE HALTON LTP the strategic importance of the link. The l Investigation of the potential Mersey Crossing Study is included in opportunities to extend Merseytravel There are strong and clear links the RPG list of regionally significant pre-paid ticketing schemes into between the Merseyside and the Halton transport studies, and a new crossing of Halton

209 merseyside LOCAL TRANSPORT PLAN 2001/2-2005/6 OPPORTUNITIES FOR ALL JULY 2000 CROSS BOUNDARY ISSUES

l Phased and co-ordinated l Need to ensure high quality public aid access to growing employment introduction of new cross boundary transport links are provided to opportunities in Warrington and its Quality Bus Partnership services Ormskirk Hospital from Southport surrounding areas such as Birchwood. l Merseytravel and Halton Borough and Formby As a consequence the following key Council are actively working with l The continued support for Merseyrail priorities are featured in both sets of Liverpool Airport to improve public Northern Line services beyond the LTPs: transport as part of the Airport Merseyside boundary to Ormskirk l The need for enhanced cross Surface Access Strategy. boundary Quality Bus Partnership l In the longer term investigate the services (esp. Newton-le-Willows - In addition, Merseytravel will continue to reintroduction of rail passenger Earlstown - Winnick - Warrington support Merseyrail services to Hough services on the Burscough Curves and St. Helens Town Centre - Green (within Halton) from the Birchwood and Warrington) Merseyside boundary. Merseytravel l Develop new innovative and l Investigate the introduction of new multi-modal ticketing is valid for journeys demand responsive cross boundary demand responsive cross boundary starting and finishing at Hough Green. passenger services using funding passenger services linking This is a reflection of the strong social sources such as Rural Bus Grant communities within Merseyside with and economic links between local and Rural Bus Challenge funding. key employment and development communities in this area and Liverpool. areas within Warrington. This will be Merseytravel also continue to fund cross l Enhancements to public transport linked to the development of Green boundary concessionary travel for links between Skelmersdale and Travel Plans. residents living in the Cronton area to Liverpool l Continue to offer cross boundary Widnes. l Further improvements to the concessionary travel arrangements Southport-Wigan-Manchester and linking communities in Merseyside Kirkby - Wigan - Manchester cross with key facilities (such as health LINKS WITH LANCASHIRE boundary rail services. care provision) within Warrington. COUNTY COUNCIL'S LTP l Support Lancashire County l Ensure the continued development Council's proposal to construct the of cross boundary cycle routes and The Lancashire County Council LTP new A570 Ormskirk and Scarisbrick footways. and Merseyside LTP are also closely by-pass. l The modernisation of the West integrated with key cross boundary Coast Main Line which will upgrade elements being as follows: the capacity and quality of the line LINKS WITH WARRINGTON for passengers and freight l The need to develop effective cross BOROUGH COUNCIL'S LTP l Further development and boundary Quality Bus Partnership improvement of key Trans-Pennine corridors especially between Finally, the Merseyside LTP recognises and Cross-Country rail links for Southport and Ormskirk and the need to provide enhanced public passengers and freight. between Southport and Preston transport links between St. Helens / l Developing an effective North West Knowsley and Warrington, especially to Rail Strategy.

CASE STUDY: THE WEST LANCASHIRE COMMUNITY RAIL PARTNERSHIP

efton MBC and Merseyrail are partners in The Partnership is led by Lancashire County l Railtrack

Sthe West Lancashire Community Rail Council and includes the following l Countryside Agency

Partnership which seeks to identify and help organisations: l First North Western Trains

bring forward improvements to: l West Lancashire District Council and its l Local NHS trusts; and

l Rail station infrastructure; neighbouring district and metropolitan l GMPTE

l Access to rail stations; and councils

l Provision of rail information. l Community organisations, including OPSTA (Ormskirk, Preston and Southport Travellers Association)

210 MERSEYSIDE LOCAL TRANSPORT PLAN - 5 YEAR PROGRAMME

£ ‘000 2001/02 2001/2006 LTP Other LTP Other

COUNTYWIDE SUSTAINABLE TRANSPORT Public Transport 11938 6511 45722 45739 Cycling 884 342 5075 2025 Walking 826 139 4450 939 Safe Routes/TravelWise etc 629 0 3280 0

EFFICIENCY AND MAINTENANCE UTC and Traffic Management 1470 50 7920 280 Bridge Maintenance 6085 360 23870 875 Principal Road Maintenance 10042 765 39207 1655

QUALITY OF LIFE Local safety Schemes 2400 200 12790 500 Traffic Calming and Other Access Schemes 2056 846 10740 3930

FORWARD PLANNING 655 120 2750 250 TOTAL 36985 9333 155804 56193

CENTRES AND CORRIDORS ECONOMIC REGENERATION Freight Network 945 4265 6825 12505 City Town and District Centres 2591 2650 12730 15065 SSDA etc 1200 5200 2175 6022

Sustainable Transport (Cycling, Walking and Public Transport) 3055 1263 23191 20207

Efficiency (Maintenance and Traffic Management) 0 0 500 0

Quality of Life (Pedestrian facilities and environmental/safety improvements) 1935 620 8925 2170 TOTAL 9726 13998 54346 55969

MAJORS ALLERTON INTERCHANGE 256 0 2459 8466 LRT 513 91038 55000 CENTRAL STATION IMPROVEMENTS 103 5603 HALL LANE IMPROVEMENTS 7180 TOTAL 769 103 100677 69069

GRAND TOTAL 47480 23434 310827 181231 MEASURING PROGRESS AND HITTING KEY TARGETS

he performance of the LTP in l the creation of new indicators specific to indicators, related to the Transport and Tdelivering a single integrated components of the Merseyside LTP. Accessibility Themes. Specific targets network will be measured by its have been set for each, and will provide success in meeting key targets. Where appropriate, all indicators a further means of evaluating the These 'Headline Targets' highlight described have been adapted for the delivery of the LTP. Some indicators will what the partners hope will be the LTP. In some cases, however, where be monitored only to provide information key achievements in addressing the specific indicators have been required that will assist the interpretation of economic, social and environmental to measure the delivery and success of changes in the headline indicators. In issues associated with transport on specific elements of the strategy, (e.g. others, they relate to specific areas (e.g. Merseyside. delivery of the interchange strategy, health) where transport is only one of parking and planning controls, the many factors that contribute to changes However, not all the LTP's objectives TravelWise programme etc), in the indicator and where changes in are directly measurable, so an appropriate new indicators have been transport provision are not certain to additional series of performance developed. result in a change in the indicator. indicators have been identified to help Headline Indicators highlight the key The LTP performance indicators have the partners monitor and review the deliverables we are seeking from the been considered in terms of Outputs effectiveness of the strategy. These LTP. They include corporate level and Outcomes. Outputs are, in most indicators are intended to provide robust indicators that will show the success of cases, specific deliverable items of the and reasonable measures of the LTP in addressing the nationally LTP programme and are under the performance and will form the basis for and regionally important strategic issues direct control of the LTP partners. They assessing the performance of the LTP. of economic regeneration, social include, for example, new transport They will also shape the structure of the inclusion, environmental sustainability, infrastructure, adoption of new monitoring programme. health and safety. These are consistent procedures or strategies (e.g. for cycle with the key challenges identified earlier audit, local planning, event in the LTP and with regional and management etc.), maintenance IDENTIFYING PERFORMANCE national programmes such as Objective measures and the results of specific INDICATORS AND 1 and Local Agenda 21. They also studies or programmes (e.g. air quality SETTING TARGETS include the key indicators identified for review and assessment, school travel specific transport issues addressed in plans and green transport plans). The The suite of performance indicators the LTP. Appropriate targets have been outputs therefore provide the main way adopted for the LTP has been derived set for all the headline indicators. of evaluating the delivery of the LTP from two main sources: These indicators will enable the programme. l a comprehensive review of the indicators partners to assess and monitor the The Outcomes provide a way of identified in existing published guidance and performance of the LTP in meeting its measuring the effects of the outputs of strategies; and four core objectives. the LTP, which by their nature have a Performance Indicators are additional longer time horizon. They include, for example, the share of different transport modes, patronage of public transport, number of road traffic accident casualties, traffic levels, journey times, air quality and public awareness. The links between the LTP programme (measures and strategies), the expected outputs and outcomes and the four LTP objectives are shown in Appendix 9 of the Local Transport Plan - Technical Appendices. The outputs and outcomes identified form the basis for the range of performance indicators that will be used to evaluate the successful delivery of the LTP. Monitoring and Performance Indicators

229 merseyside LOCAL TRANSPORT PLAN 2001/2-2005/6 OPPORTUNITIES FOR ALL JULY 2000 MEASURING PROGRESS AND HITTING KEY TARGETS

THE ROLE OF TARGETS AND MONITORING IN THE LTP STRATEGY

l Travel behaviour monitoring which includes he role of targets and monitoring in the the use of personal travel and specific site Table 5.1 contains the headline TLTP is easily summarised by the terms: travel surveys. indicators with Appendix 9 of the monitor, audit and review. Technical Appendices of the LTP l Market research, testing attitudes to contains all the more detailed transport and travel choice, through l An extensive monitoring programme performance indicators. For the sake of countywide household surveys, project will be set up to collect information completeness, in the Local Transport specific research and various forms. about the performance indicators. The Plan - Technical Appendices the data collected will have to be headline indicators are repeated. The partners will report progress in the sufficiently robust to identify trends or Furthermore the table provides a Annual Progress Reports, which will changes. Systems already exist to precise definition of the proposed follow on from the publication of this gather the majority of this data. indicator, details of the targets (where Local Transport Plan. They will also they have been set), the source of the seek to monitor the effectiveness of the indicator (if it has been derived from a Merseyside LTP through a series of l The information collected by the published source) and the mechanisms Benchmarking exercises with other monitoring programme will be used to for monitoring. comparable urban areas from across audit the performance of the LTP by the European Union. comparing it with the targets set for it. Further detail surrounding these The audit will address both the delivery INTEGRATED MONITORING performance indicators is detailed in the of the strategy and the achievement of FRAMEWORK Technical Appendices together with the the LTP objectives. causal chains, which provide the The partners will measure success in linkages between the specific

l The results of the performance audit delivering these Headline Targets as targets/performance indicators and the will then be used to review the LTP. well as the more detailed Performance overarching objectives of the LTP. Specifically the LTP programme, the Indicators through a new Integrated The key issue is that the partners are performance indicators used and the Monitoring Framework, which includes committed to delivering the full targets set. The reasons for any a package of focused monitoring programme described in the LTP over featuring: its five-year period. This is a one off observed effects will be investigated opportunity for Merseyside to gain a and the need for any necessary changes step change in transportation and attain to the LTP will be identified. l Cordon count surveys around Liverpool City Centre and other main centres, combined a single integrated transport network for with screen line-surveys on all corridors to the people of Merseyside. measure traffic growth and the proportion of All partners are required to produce is viewed as a three stage interactive people travelling by different forms of Best Value Performance Plans. Where process (monitoring, audit and review), transport. appropriate, the performance indicators and is summed up as shown overleaf. and targets will be matched to the Merseytravel's Ticketing Information l annual Best Value Performance Plans Management System (TIMS) will collect data (e.g. see maintenance of principal on pre-paid ticket sales from all outlets roads, provision of transport information across the County. This will facilitate a etc) which will be published and subject geographical understanding of travel trends. to wide consultation. This is an Similarly, the Rail Settlement Plan Cash Sales additional and welcome discipline, Data (CAPRI) will enable the monitoring of which will demonstrate that these train ticket sales at specific stations, hence targets are both realistic and allowing trends across the entire network, challenging. but also specific lines, to be monitored. The partners are committed to the l Through the Quality Bus Partnership continual monitoring of the LTP, and to arrangements with Bus Operators and the that end the terms of reference of the Police, detailed passenger information will Merseyside Strategic Transportation enable targets to be monitored, in addition and Planning Committee (MSTPC) have to evaluating the impact and success of been modified to receive regular reports corridor specific infrastructure investment. on the progress of the LTP. Similarly the bi-annual updates of the Centre of l Air Quality Monitoring equipment (both static and mobile sites). Excellence document will provide a valuable regular progress check, as will

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