Unlted States Patent [19] [11] Patent Number: 4,685,930 Kasprzak [45] Date of Patent: Aug. 11, 1987

[ 54 ] METHOD FOR CLEANING TEXTILES WITH [56] References Cited CYCLIC SILOXANES _U.S. PATENT DOCUMENTS

Inventor: TownshipKenneth A. Mich‘Kasprzak, Saginaw 4,306,990 12/1981 GoodmanFl'OChllCl] ......

’ 4,324,595 4/1982 Kasprzak ...... [73] Asslgnee‘. azlgvhcommg. Corporatlon,. Mldland’. 4,501,6824,337,166 2/19856/1982 GloodmanH'll ...... 2527174 15 OTHER PUBLICATIONS [21] Appl' No‘: 835’44'1 Moore, A. C. “How to Clean Everything”, published . by Simon & Schuster, New York, 1952, p. 200. [22] Flled: Feb‘ 27’ 1986 Randlett, J. C. & Nicklaw, W. J .: Spotting, published by Natl. Institute of Dry Cleaning, Silver Spring, Md., Related U.S. Application Data é9i6, 31A F Ed M d S ‘ by h d b > , c ue e, . ., 1tor: 0 cm pottlng, pu is e y [63] gcorrligilnuation of Ser. No. 670,195, Nov. 13, 1984, aban- The Reuben H_ Donneney Corp.’ 1961’ pp. 77 & 78‘ Primary Examiner—Dennis L. Albrecht [51] Int. Cl.4 ...... C11D 3/44; C11D 7/50; Attorney, Agent, or Firm-Alexander Weitz DO6L 1/02; DO6L 1/04 [52] US. Cl...... s/1s9.1; 8/142; [57] ABSTRACT 8/DIG. 1; 252/8.8; 252/153; 252/ 154; A method is disclosed for cleaning textiles using cyclic I 252/155; 252/162; 252/171; 252/174.15; dimethylsiloxanes as a cleaning ?uid for removing soil 252/ 174.21; 252/ 174.25; 252/547; 252/DIG. Spots. The useful siloxanes include octamethylcyclotet 19 rasiloxane, decamethylcyclopentasiloxane, and [58] Field of Search ...... 134/38; 252/153, 162, dodecamcthylcyclohexasiloxane. 252/l74.15, 174.21, 174.25, 155, 154, 547; 8/ 139.1, 142 9 Claims, N0 Drawings 4,685,930 1 2 contain small amounts (0.5 to 10 weight percent) of METHOD FOR CLEANING TEXTILES WITH silicone oil combined with cleaning solvents such as CYCLIC SILOXANES trichlorethane and petroleum hydrocarbons. Although the type of silicone oil employed is not further identi This is a continuation of co-pending application Ser. ?ed, it is taught that the silicone remains on the fabric No. 670,195, ?led on Nov. 13, 1984 now abandoned. after cleaning to provide continuing water repellency and soil resistance for the fabric. Consequently, it is BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION apparent that this publication does not contemplate the The present invention relates to a method for remov use of completely volatile cyclic dimethylpolysiloxanes. ing soil from textiles using cyclic dimethylpolysilox 0 An aerosol type aqueous cleaning composition is anes. In particular, this invention relates to the use of disclosed in Japanese Patent Publication Kokai No. cyclic dimethylpolysiloxanes for removal of oily/gr (l978)-56203, which contains nonionic surfactant, alka easy stains from textiles. nolamine, glycol ether, alcohol, propellant, and 0.02 to Textile products such as fabrics, carpets and uphol 0.1 weight percent of linear‘dimethylpolysiloxane with stery often develop prominent stain spots from inadver 2 to 7 silicon atoms per molecule. This publication dis tent contact with foodstuff and other materials contain closes only the use of very low amounts of linear di ing grease and oils. Various organic solvents such as methylpolysiloxanes and does not contemplate the use alcohols, petroleum hydrocarbons, and chlorinated of larger, solvent-effective amounts of the cyclic di hydrocarbons have been used in cleaning compositions methylpolysiloxanes. adapted for direct application to fabric as spot remov The use of tetraethoxysilane as a solvent for remov ers. ing grease from textiles is disclosed in Russian Patent Several approaches to formulating spot cleaning Publication 979548-A. However, tetraethoxysilane is compositions are known. For instance, nonresidue not stable in contact with water and may hydrolyze cleaners are formulated with volatile components only. forming alcohol and silica solids. After dissolving, mobilizing, and removing the stained 25 A process for dry cleaning and waterproo?ng of material, such formulations are intended to completely fabrics is disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 3,123,494 which evaporate leaving no residue components on the textile. process employs a silicone composition diluted in typi Other cleaning compositions employ a combination of cal dry cleaning solvents. The silicone compositions solvent and solid, absorbent particles. The solvent mo recommended are mixtures of linear dimethylpolysilox bilizes the soil and the absorbent solid attracts the soil ane fluids and crosslinked methylsiloxane resins. Excess and solvent to itself. The residue of absorbent solid is liquid cleaning mixture is removed from the textiles by intended to be easily removed from the textile by brush centrifuging but retained silicone provided a continuing ing or vacuuming. Yet another approach involves liquid waterproo?ng effect on the textile. Again, it is apparent detergent compositions which have been adapted as that this publication does not contemplate the use of prewash spot removers. These compositions usually completely volatile cyclic dimethylpolysiloxanes as a contain concentrated synthetic surfactants with alcohol cleaning solvent. or other solvents. When used as a prewash spot re Liquid cleaning compositions for removing dirt and mover, the nonvolatile surfactant components remain grit from solid surfaces are disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. on the textile as a residue which is removed by a con 2,955,047. The compositions contain surfactants, water, ventional home laundry operation. In the aqueous wash, 40 water-miscible organic solvent, and an oil-in-water the prewash spot remover composition additionally emulsion of dimethylpolysiloxane oil. The speci?ed functions in the manner of a heavy-duty laundry deter siloxanes are linear polymers with viscosities in the gent. range of 200 to 350 centistokes. The siloxane polymer is While known spot cleaning compositions effectively said to impart a high glossy polish to the treated sur remove some stains, other types of stains may be unaf 45 faces by depositing a monomolecular ?lm on the sur fected or only incompletely removed by the composi face. Somewhat similarly, U.S. Pat. No. 2,993,866 tions. In other cases, the cleaning composition itself teaches an aerosol glass cleaner composition containing may damage or leave a residue on the textile in such a isopropanol, ?uorochlorohydrocarbon propellants, and way that a visible ring occurs around the treated area. It linear dimethylpolysiloxane having a viscosity of about is an object of the present invention to reduce the prob 200 centistokes. lems associated with the prior art cleaning compositions An all purpose cleaner composition containing a mix by providing a new method of cleaning stains using ture of surfactants, isopropyl alcohol, and a silicone volatilesilicone ?uids that effectively mobilize oil and defoaming agent is disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 4,311,608. grease stains, are nondamaging to a wide range of tex The silicone defoaming agent is an oil-in-water emul tiles both synthetic and natural, and leave no residue or sion of dimethylsiloxane polymer. visible ring on treated textiles. A cleaner (apparently a wiper type) impregnated It is known from U.S. Pat. No. 4,324,595, to remove with a composition containing mineral oils or alcohols tacky adhesives from substrates by using octamethylcy with organopolysiloxanes is disclosed in Japanese Pa clotetrasiloxane fluid to detackify the adhered adhesive. tent Publication Kokai No. (l975)-16l059. The organo The process is taught to be‘ particularly useful for re polysiloxanes are characterized by having a viscosity of moving tacky adhesives from human skin, but it is also not more than 30 centipoise at 20° C. indicated that the process is applicable to removing tacky adhesives from a wide range of substrates includ SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION ing textiles. However, this patent teaches the removal of This invention concerns a method for cleaning tex only tacky adhesives, it does not suggest removing oil 65 tiles which comprises applying to a soiled textile a liquid and grease stains with cyclic dimethylsiloxanes. composition containing an effective amount to aid soil Stain removing compositions are disclosed in Japa removal of a cyclic siloxane selected from the group nese Patent Publication Kokai No. (l974)-3568l, which consisting of octamethylcyclotetrasiloxane, decame 4,685,930 3 4 thylcyclopentasiloxane, and dodecamethylcyclohex sisting of petroleum hydrocarbons and chlorinated hy asiloxane and removing from the textile a combination drocarbons are especially effective. Mixtures containing of soil and cyclic siloxane. about 30 to 70 percent by weight of conventional clean In use, the novel textile cleaning compositions are ing solvent and 30 to 70 percent by weight of the cyclic applied to a soiled area of clothing, carpet, or other siloxane are preferred because of their superior ability textile by spraying, pouring, or from a cloth or sponge to mobilize stains. applicator. The composition may be rubbed or brushed Cleaning compositions of the solvent/ absorbent class into the textile to facilitate loosening and dissolving the are also useful in the method of this invention. Such soil components. The soil-solvent combination is then cleaning compositions may contain in addition to the removed from the textile by any of the well known cyclic siloxane any of the absorbent materials known methods such as blotting with absorbent material, ab for such applications. Useful absorbent materials in sorption unto particulate material followed by vacuum clude mineral particulates such as silica, talc, diatoma ing, or a conventional home laundry operation. ceous earth, kaolinite; organic particulates such as starch and modi?ed starch, nut shell flour, and ground DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE 15 rice hulls; and synthetic porous polymers such as the INVENTION urea-formaldehyde polymer particles described in US. The cyclic siloxanes employed in the liquid cleaning Pat. No. 3,910,848, which is hereby incorporated by and spot removing compositions of this invention are reference to more fully describe the polymer particles. available commercially and are made by well known - The absorbent material is generally used in amounts of methods such as, for example, the hydrolysis and con 20 about 5 to 40 percent based on the weight of cleaning densation of dimethyldichlorosilane. solvent in the composition. - Compared with the linear polydimethylsiloxanes the Cleaning compositions of the solvent/absorbent class cyclic siloxanes employed according to this invention may also include a cationic antistatic agent to facilitate are relatively volatile materials having boiling points the removal of the particulate material during brushing below about 250° C. at 760 mm Hg. A single cyclic 25 or vacuuming of the textile material. Useful cationic siloxane may be used in the liquid cleaning composition antistats include quaternary nitrogen salts that contain or any mixture of two or more of the cyclic siloxanes at least one Cwto C24 aliphatic hydrocarbon substituent may be used. Speci?cally preferred cyclic siloxanes for on the nitrogen such as stearyltrimethylammonium use in this invention are octamethylcyclotetrasiloxane, chloride. Antistatic agents are typically employed in decamethylcyclopentasiloxane, and dodecamethylcy amounts of about 0.1 to 3 percent by weight based on clohexasiloxane. It should be understood that useful the total weight of the cleaning composition. cyclic siloxane mixtures may contain, in addition to the The method for cleaning textiles of this invention also preferred cyclic siloxanes, minor amounts of other cyc includes the use of prewash spot remover compositions lic siloxanes including hexamethylcyclotrisiloxane or containing nonvolatile surfactant components in addi higher cyclics such as tetradecamethylcycloheptasilox 35 tion to cyclic siloxane solvent. Such prewash spot re ane. Generally the amount of these other cyclic silox mover compositions will generally include a water solu anes in useful cyclic siloxane mixtures will be less than ble organic detergent material and synthetic builders in about 10 percent based on the total weight of the mix combination with the cyclic siloxane solvent. Detergent ture. compounds useful in prewash spot removers are the The amount of cyclic siloxane used in the liquid anionic, nonionic, zwitterionic and ampholytic surfac cleaning compositions of this invention is not critical so tant compounds. Such detergent compounds are well long as the amount used is effective to aid soil removal known to those skilled in the detergent art. Exemplary from textiles. In general, the cleaning composition may detergents are described in the well-known books enti contain, for example, from 1 to 100 percent by weight of tled “Surface Active Agents” by Schwartz and Perry the cyclic siloxanes. It is preferred that the cleaning 45 and “Surface Active Agents and Detergents” by composition contain from 5 to 100, or more preferably Schwartz, Perry and Berch, both by Interscience Pub 10 to 100, percent by weight of the cyclic siloxanes. lishers, New York, N.Y., the disclosures of which are Other adjuvants may be included in the liquid clean incorporated by reference herein. ing compositions of this invention such as conventional Especially preferred detergents are the nonionic sur cleaning solvents, absorbent solid particulate materials, factants which are condensation products of polyethyl synthetic builders, water soluble organic detergent ene oxide with an organic hydrophobic compound compounds, and cationic antistatic substances. which is usually aliphatic or alkylaromatic in nature. For example, nonresidue spot cleaning compositions Exemplary nonionic surfactants are polyethylene oxide may contain conventional cleaning solvents mixed with condensates of nonyl phenol and polyethylene oxide cyclic siloxanes according to the present invention. Any 55 condensates of myristyl alcohol. conventional cleaning solvent having a boiling point Generally, from about 10 to 80 percent by weight of below about 250° C. can be mixed with the cyclic silox surfactants may be used in the prewash spot removing anes to prepare a liquid composition useful in the pres compositions of this invention. More preferred prewash e'nt invention. Useful additional cleaning solvents in spot removing compositions contain 30 to 70 percent by clude alcohols such as isopropanol and butanol, petro 60 weight of nonionic surfactants. leum hydrocarbons such as mineral spirits, and chlori Prewash spot removers of this invention may also nated hydrocarbons such as methylene dichloride, tet contain a variety of builder compounds such as sodium rachloroethylene, and trichloroethylene. Surprisingly, tripolyphosphate, sodium carbonate, sodium silicate, it has been found that a mixture of cyclic siloxane and the alkali metal, ammonium and substituted ammonium conventional cleaning solvent is more effective at mobi 65 salts of oxydisuccinic acid, oxydiacetic acid, carbox lizing stains than is either the cyclic siloxane or the ymethyloxymalonic acid, carboxymethyloxysuccinic conventional solvent alone. Mixtures of cyclic siloxanes acid, lactoxysuccinic acid, citric acid, mellitic acid, and conventional solvents selected from the group con tetrahydrofurantetracarboxylic acid, polyacrylic acid, 4,685,930 5 6 nitrilotriacetic acid, oxidized starches and mixtures minutes. The mixture was stored in a 100° F. oven and thereof. Builders are generally added to prewash spot shaken well before using for staining. removing compositions in amounts ranging from 0 to about 50 percent by weight based on the weight of the EXAMPLE 1 total composition. 5 The following experiments demonstrate the stain The liquid compositions of the present invention are removal ability of cyclic dimethylpolysiloxanes on 100 especially adapted for direct application to stains and percent cotton fabric. soils on fabrics and other textiles. The compositions can Cotton fabric test pieces were prepared with approxi be applied to soiled textiles by any of the commonly mately 1 inch diameter stains of used motor oil, cooking used methods. The liquid compositions may be poured oil and arti?cial sebum. The stains were aged at room or sprayed onto the stains. Alternatively the composi temperature for 24 hours. Stains were cleaned by plac tion may be brushed or rubbed onto the stained or soiled ing the fabric pieces on several absorbent paper towels area using absorbent items such as brushes, paper tow els, cloth or sponges that contain the cleaning composi and rubbing the stained area for 20 seconds with a paper tion. 15 towel saturated with the cleaning fluid. Once the cleaning composition has been applied to The cyclic siloxane ?uids tested were (A) octameth the soiled textile, the cyclic siloxane acts to dissolve ylcyclotetrasiloxane, (B) decamethylcyclopentasilox and/or loosen the soil which it contacts. The mobilized ane, (C) a cyclic siloxane mixture of about 91 percent by soil is then more easily removed from the textile in weight octamethylcyclotetrasiloxane and about 8 per combination with the cyclic siloxane. The cyclic silox cent by weight decamethylcyclopentasiloxane, and (D) ane/soil combination can be removed from the textile a cyclic siloxane mixture of about 1.3 percent by weight by any convenient method such as blotting the textile octamethylcyclotetrasiloxane, about 69.3 percent by with a dry absorbent material. The textile may be blot weight decamethylcyclopentasiloxane and about 29.1 ted, for example, with sponges, paper towels, or cloth percent by weight dodecamethylcyclohexasiloxane. towels. Alternatively, the soil/ cyclic siloxane combina For comparison, hexamethyldisiloxane, mineral spirits, tion may be removed by processes such as brushing, tetrachloroethylene, isopropyl alcohol, and xylene vacuuming, or conventional home laundry operations. were also used to clean the stains. Brushing and vacuuming are especially useful if solid, After drying, the cleaned fabric pieces were rated absorbent particles are employed in the liquid cleaning visually for the degree of stain removal according to the composition. Conventional home laundry is the pre following scale: ferred method of removal when nonvolatile surfactants are used in combination with cyclic siloxane in the 5 :Complete removal cleaning composition. 4=Slight remaining stain The cyclic siloxanes are suf?ciently volatile that any 35 3=Moderate stain remaining residual cyclic siloxane on the textile, after removal of 2=Slight removal of stain the soil, readily volatilizes to leave the treated area dry l=No change in stain as well as clean. The method of the present invention can be used to The ratings were made by comparison of the test remove a wide variety of soils and stains. The cyclic 40 siloxane is especially effective at removing oil and pieces with a standard series of exemplary stains in a grease spots or stains. One special advantage of the black box using a fluorescent light source. Deviations cyclic siloxanes as cleaning solvents is that the forma between the test pieces and the standard stains are indi tion of a secondary stain ring is either eliminated or cated by fractional ratings. The used motor oil tended to form a dual stain con greatly reduced in de?nition. Another advantage is that 45 the cyclic siloxanes are essentially nontoxic and non taining a smaller sludge portion nearer the center and a harmful in the environment. larger oil portion which spread out more from the point Furthermore, the cyclic siloxanes can be used with a of application. Some differences in the cleaning of the wide variety of fabrics without harming or in any way two portions of these stains were observed and conse changing the appearance of the fabric. The method of 50. quently the cleaning of each portion was separately cleaning of this invention can be used on- all types of rated. The results of the visual rating are presented in textiles including carpets and fabrics used for clothing Table 1. or upholstery. The following examples are presented to illustrate the TABLE 1 invention, but the examples in no way limit the scope of 55 STAIN REMOVAL ON COTTON FABRIC the invention as more fully set out in the claims. Stain Arti?cial sebum employed in the following examples Motor was prepared from a base mixture of palmitic acid (5 g), Oil Motor Cooking Arti?cial stearic acid (2.5 g), coconut oil (7.5 g), paraf?n (5 g), Cleaning Fluid (Sludge) Oil Oil sebum spermaceti (7.5 g), olive oil (10 g), Squalene (2.5 g), A 2.5 2.0 5.0 3.0 cholesterol (2.5 g), oleic acid (5 g), and linoleic acid (2.5 B 2.5 2.0 5.0 3.0 g). A melted (120° F.) 5 g portion of the base mixture C 2.9 2.0 4.8 2.8 D 2.8 2.5 5.0 3.0 was combined with oleic acid (4 g) and triethanolamine [(CH3)3Si]2O 2.7 2.9 4.3 3.0 (8 g) and agitated at 120° F. until homogenous. Then air Mineral Spirits 2.9 2.5 4.9 3.0 ?lter dirt (12 g, +200 mesh) and deionized water (100 65 Tetrachloroethylene 2.5 2.5 5.0 2.8 ml) were added and the mixture agitated for ten min Isopropyl Alcohol 1.0 1.0 4.5 1.0 utes. Additional deionized water (900 ml) was added Xylene 2.8 3.5 5.0 1.0 and the mixture was agitated in a homogenizer for ten 4,685,930 7 8 . solvent being tested. Generally, the more effectively a EXAMPLE 2 stain can be mobilized, the more easily and completely The stain removal testing procedure of Example 1 it can be removed from the fabric. was repeated usmg a 65/35 POlyeSteF/Cmwn fabrlc- The Cotton fabric test pieces (8 inch X 8 inch) were placed results of the black box visual ratings of the cleaned 5 in an embroidery hoop and approximately 1 m1 of Cook_ fabrlc are Presented 1“ Table 2- ing oil was applied to the center of the fabric. Stains TABLE 2 were aged at room temperature for 24 hours. The fabric STAIN REMOVAL ON 65,35 was then positioned under a burette ?lled with the POLYESTER/COTTON FABRIC cleaning ?uid. With the burette tip just above the center Stain 10 of the stain, a 0.5 ml portion of the cleaning fluid was Motor I I _ dropped on the stain. The fabric was allowed to dry at . . 0" MO?“ coollmg Am?c‘al room temperature and the size of the resulting stain was Cleaning Fluld (Sludge) Oil Oil Sebum measured. Generally the stalns, were clrcular. or slightly. ' AB 2.530 3.010 5.050 3.0 15 ova l 1H- s h ape. Th e approxlma. t eareas o fth‘e s t alns- a ft er (3 2,9 3,0 5,0 3,0 the spreading process with various cleaning fluids are D _ 3-5 3-5 5-0 31) shown in Table 5. In the case of oval shaped stains, [(CH3)351l20 2-9 — T 3'0 a roximate areas were calculated as if the stain were Isopropyl Alcohol 1.0 l.0 3.0 3.0 Pp _ _ Xykne 3.0 4_O 5,0 3_@ circular using a diameter equal to the average of the 20 length and width of the oval. The cyclic siloxane ?uids tested are described in Example 1. EXAMPLE 3 . TABLE 5 Th? stain removal testing procedure Of Example 1 SPREADING 0F COOKING OIL STAINS ON COTTON was repeated using a 100 percent polyester fabric. The cleaning Fluid Stain Area (sq. in.) results of the black box visual ratings of the cleaned 25 fa bric are P resented in Table 3 ' ANone >500'8

TABLE 3 g >28> STAIN REMOVAL ON 100% POLYESTER FABRIC D 26 Stain 3O [(CH3l3SihO 5.9 Motor Mineral Spirits >50 Oil Motor Cooking Arti?cial Tetrachloroethylene 4.9 Cleaning Fluid (Sludge) Oil Oil Sebum A 2.0 5.0 5.0 1.0 B 2.0 5.0 5.0 1.0 EXAMPLE 6 C 2.0 5.0 5.0 1.0 35 _ _ D 2.0 5.0 5.0 1.0 The stain spreadlng procedure of Example 5 was [(CH3)3Si]2OMineral Spirits 301.5 5'05.0 4'14.2 101.0 repeated uslng- l‘OO% polyfester f?bl‘glC- test pleies.~ The Tetrachlomethylene 3.5 50 49 L0 approxlmate stain areas a ter sprea lng are s own In Table 6. 40 TABLE 6 EXAMPLE 4 SPREADING OF COOKING OIL STAINS ON POLYESTER The stain removal testing procedure of Example 1 Cleaning Fluid Stain Area (sq. in.) was modi?ed by heat setting the stain before cleaning. None 08 Stains were set by placing the fabric in an automatic 45 A 16 clothes dryer at the high temperature setting for two B 16 cycles of 60 minutes each. Polyester (100%) fabric was C 19 used in these tests. Results of the black box visual rat- D . 22 in g s of cleaned fabric are P.resented in Table 4 - [(CHmSlhOMineral Spirits 2513 TABLE 4 50 Tetrachloroethylene l6 STAIN REMOVAL OF HEAT SET STAINS a Stain Motor EXAMPLE 7 Cleaning Fluid (Sludge)Oil Motoron CookingO“ Arti?cialsebum 55 The stain' spreading' procedure of Example. 5 was repeated using a 65/35 polyester/ cotton fabric. Ap ; 2'8 2'3 2'3 proximate stain areas after spreading are presented in c 2.0 5.0 5.0 1.0 Table 7 D 2.0 5.0 4.7 1.2 [(CH3)3Si]2O 2.0 5.0 4.8 1.2 TABLE 7 Mineral Spirits 3-0 5-0 4-8 1-2 6O SPREADING OF COOKING OIL STAINS ON 65/35 Tetrachloroethylene 3.5 , 4.9 5.0 1.0 POLYESTER/COTTON Cleaning Fluid Stain Area (sq. in.) N 0.8 EXAMPLE 5 Am 3, ef?ciencyThe following of cyclic experiments dimethylpolysiloxanes demonstrate inthe spreading relative 65 gD 33 oil stains on fabric. The degree of spreading of the stain [(c?msiho 27 relates_to the extent of mobilization of the stain by the Mineral Spirits 38 4,685, 930 9 10 TABLE 7-continued TABLE 9-continued SPREADING OF COOKING OIL STAINS ON 65/35 SPREADING OF STAINS WITH BLENDS OF CYCLIC POLYESTER/COTTON SILOXANE AND CONVENTIONAL CLEANING FLUIDS Cleaning Fluid Stain Area (sq. in.) 5 Conventional Cleaning Ratio of Cyclic Siloxane Stain Area Tetrachloroethylene 5.9 Fluid in Blend to Conventional Fluid (Sq. in.) Tetrachloroethylene 20/80 25 Tetrachloroethylene 30/70 33 Tetrachloroethylene 40/60 25 EXAMPLE 8 Tetrachloroethylene 50/50 33 The following experiments demonstrate the stain l0 Tetrachloroethylene 60/40 31 Tetrachloroethylene 70/30 21 spreading efficiency of blends of cyclic dimethylpolysi Tetrachloroethylene 80/20 26 loxanes and conventional cleaning ?uids such as min Tetrachloroeth ylene 90/10 33 eral spirits and tetrachloroethylene. Cooking oil stains were prepared on 65/35 polyes ter/cotton fabric and the spreading procedure of Exam- 15 EXAMPLE 10 ple 5 was repeated except that a 1 ml portion of a blend The following tests demonstrate the use of cyclic of cleaning materials was dropped on the stain. Octa dimethylpolysiloxanes as a solvent component in pre methylcyclotetrasiloxane was blended in various pro wash spotting formulations used in home laundering. portions by weight with either mineral spirits or tetra Polyester fabric test pieces were prepared with ap chloroethylene to prepare the cleaning materials. The 20 proximately 1 inch diameter stains of used motor oil, approximate stain areas after spreading are shown in cooking oil, and arti?cial-sebum. Stains were heat set by Table 8. placing the fabric in an automatic clothes dryer at the TABLE 8 high temperature setting for two cycles of 60 minutes SPREADING OF STAINS WITH BLENDS 0F CYCLIC 25 each. Each stain was treated with 2 ml of the test fluid SILOXANES AND CONVENTIONAL CLEANING FLUIDS as described in Example 1. Each fluid was left on the Conventional Cleaning Ratio of Cyclic Siloxane Stain Area stain for one to two minutes. The test fabric pieces were Fluid in Blend to Conventional Fluid (sq. in.) then washed in a household automatic washer on the Mineral Spirits ' 5/95 40 normal setting using the recommended level of a pow Mineral Spirits l0/90 39 3O dered nonphosphate detergent. The fabric pieces were Mineral Spirits 20/80 40 Mineral Spirits 30/70 47 dried in an automatic clothes dryer on the permanent Mineral Spirits 40/60 >50 press setting. Mineral Spirits 50/50 >50 The cleaned fabric pieces were rated visually for the Mineral Spirits 60/40 >50 degree of stain removal according to the following Mineral Spirits 70/30 >50 Mineral Spirits 80/20 34 35 scale: Mineral Spirits 90/10 27 Tetrachloroethylene 5/95 13 5=Complete removal Tetrachloroethylene 10/ 90 17 4=Slight remaining stain Tetrachloroethylene 20/80 10 Tetrachloroethylene 30/70 25 3=Moderate stain remaining Tetrachloroethylene 40/60 > 50 4O 2:Slight removal of stain Tetrachloroethylene 50/50 > 50 l=No change in stain - Tetrachloroethylene 60/40 22 The ratings were made by comparison of the test pieces Tetrachloroethylene 70/30 > 50 Tetrachloroethylene 80/20 22 with a standard series of exemplary stains in a black box ‘Tetrachloroethylene 90/10 31 using a ?uorescent light source. 45 The used motor oil tended to form a dual stain con taining a smaller sludge portion nearer the center and a EXAMPLE 9 larger oil portion which spread out more from the point of application. Some differences in the cleaning of the The stain spreading procedure of Example 8 was two portions of these stains were observed and conse repeated using decamethylcyclopentasiloxane blended 50 quently the cleaning of each portion was separately in various proportions by weight with either mineral rated. The results of the visual rating are presented in spirits or tetrachloroethylene. The approximate stain Table 10. ' areas after spreading are presented in Table 9. TABLE 10 TABLE 9 STAIN REMOVAL BY PREWASH SPOTTING SPREADING OF STAINS WITH BLENDS OF CYCLIC 55 Stain SILOXANE AND CONVENTIONAL CLEANING FLUIDS Motor ' Conventional Cleaning Ratio of Cyclic Siloxane Stain Area Oil Motor Cooking Arti?cial Fluid in Blend to Conventional Fluid (sq. in.) Solvent (Sludge) Oil Oil Sebum Mineral Spirits 5/95 28 A 3.0 5.0 4.5 5.0 Mineral Spirits 10/90 >50 60 B 3.5 5.0 5.0 5.0 Mineral Spirits 20/80 >50 C 3.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 Mineral Spirits 30/70 34 D 3.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 Mineral Spirits 40/60 >50 [(CI‘I3)3Si]3O 4.0 5.0 4.9 5.0 Mineral Spirits 50/50 31 Mineral Spirits 4.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 Mineral Spirits 60/40 >50 Tetrachloroetliylene 4.2 5.0 4.9 5.0 Mineral Spirits 70/30 35 65 Isopropyl Alcohol 1.0 5.0 3.5 4.0 Mineral Spirits 80/20 38 Xylene 3.0 5.0 5.0 3.3 Mineral Spirits 90/10 37 Polydimethylsiloxane 1.2 5.0 5.0 3.7 Tetrachloroethylene 5/95 18 2 cs* Tetrachloroethylene 10/90 19 Polydimethylsiloxane 1.0 5.0 5.0 3.5 4,685,930 11 12 (a) an absorbent material selected from the group TABLE lO-continued consisting of mineral particulates, organic particu STAIN REMOVAL BY PREWASH SPOTTING lates and synthetic porous polymers, and Stain (b) an effective amount to aid soil removal of a sol Motor vent component comprising a cyclic siloxane se Oil Motor Cooking Arti?cial lected from the group consisting of octamethylcy Solvent (Sludge) Oil Oil Sebum clotetrasiloxane, decamethylcyclopentasiloxane, Scs" and dodecamcthylcyclohexasiloxane, wherein said Polydimethylsiloxane 1.0 5.0 5.0 4.0 absorbent material (a) is used at a level of about 5 to 1005* 40 weight percent based on said component (b) and ‘Trimethylsilyl endhlockcd linear dimethylsiloxane polymers wherein said cyclic siloxane comprises about 100 percent of said solvent component; and That which is claimed is: removing from the textile a combination comprising oil, 1‘. A method for cleaning textiles which comprises grease or sebum, absorbent material and cyclic siloxane. applying a liquid composition consisting essentially of 5. The method of claim 4, wherein said composition about 100 percent by weight of a cyclic siloxane se further comprises from about 0.1 to 3 percent by weight lected from the group consisting of octamethylcyclotet of a cationic antistatic agent. rasiloxane, decamethylcyclopentasiloxane, and 6. A method for cleaning textiles which comprises dodecamethylcyclohexasiloxane to a textile soiled with applying to a textile soiled with oil, grease or sebum, a oil, grease or sebum, and removing from the textile a 20 composition consisting essentially of combination comprising cyclic siloxane and oil, grease (a) a surfactant selected from the group consisting of or sebum. anionic, nonionic, zwitterionic and ampholytic 2. A method for cleaning textiles which comprises surfactants, and applying to a soiled textile a composition consisting (b) an effective amount to aid soil removal of a sol essentially of 25 vent component comprising a cyclic siloxane se (a) 30 to 70 percent by weight of a cyclic siloxane lected from the group consisting of octamethylcy selected from the group consisting of octamethyl clotetrasiloxane, decamethylcyclopentasiloxane, cyclotetrasiloxane and decamethylcyclopentasilox and dodecamethylcyclohexasiloxane, wherein said ane, and surfactant constitutes from about 10 to 80 weight (b) 30 to 70 percent by weight of tetrachloroethylene; percent of said composition and said cyclic silox and ane comprises about 100 percent of said solvent removing from the textile a combination comprising component; and removing from the textile a combi soil, tetrachloroethylene and cyclic siloxane. nation comprising oil, grease or sebum, surfactant 3. A method for cleaning textiles which comprises and cyclic siloxane. applying to a soiled textile a composition consisting 35 7. The method of claim 6, wherein said surfactant is essentially of of the nonionic type. (a) 30 to 70 percent by weight of octamethylcyclotet 8. The method of claim 7, wherein said surfactant is a rasiloxane, and condensation product of polyethylene oxide with an (b) 30 to 70 percent by weight of mineral spirits; and organic hydrophobic compound selected from the removing from the textile a combination comprising group consisting of nonyl phenol and myristyl alcohol. soil, mineral spirits and cyclic siloxane. 9. The method of claim 6, wherein said composition 4. A method for cleaning textiles which comprises further comprises from O to about 50 weight percent of applying to a textile soiled with oil, grease or sebum, a a detergent builder compound. composition consisting essentially of 45

55

65