Global Action to Reduce HIV Stigma and Discrimination
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UCLA UCLA Previously Published Works Title Global Action to reduce HIV stigma and discrimination Permalink https://escholarship.org/uc/item/1vd08478 Journal Journal of the International AIDS Society, 16(3Suppl 2) ISSN 1758-2652 Authors Stangl, Anne L Grossman, Cynthia I Sidibé, Michel et al. Publication Date 2013-11-01 DOI 10.7448/ias.16.3.18934 Peer reviewed eScholarship.org Powered by the California Digital Library University of California CCESS A ONLINE OPEN PEER-REVIEWD ONLINE HIV/AIDS JOURNAL ONLINE CCESS OPEN ACCESS HIV/AIDS JOURNAL PEER-REVIEWD A HIV/AIDS JOURNAL PEER-REVIEWD PEER-REVIEWD PEER-REVIEWDONLINE HIV/AIDS JOURNAL OPEN ACCESS ONLINE PEER-REVIEWDJOURNAL HIV/AIDS ONLINE ONLINE ONLINE ONLINE HIV/AIDS JOURNAL HIV/AIDS JOURNALOPEN ONLINE HIV/AIDS JOURNAL OPEN PEER-REVIEWDJOURNAL HIV/AIDS HIV/AIDS JOURNAL A ONLINE OPEN ACCESS OPEN ACCESS CCESS HIV/AIDS JOURNAL OPEN ACCESS ACCESS HIV/AIDS JOURNAL PEER-REVIEWDONLINE HIV/AIDS JOURNAL OPEN ACCESS CCESS A OPEN PEER-REVIEWDONLINE PEER-REVIEWD PEER-REVIEWD HIV/AIDS JOURNAL HIV/AIDS JOURNALHIV/AIDS JOURNAL PEER-REVIEWD Global action to reduce HIV stigma and discrimination Guest Editors: Anne L. Stangl and Cynthia I. Grossman SHAME DISCRIMINATION KEY POPULATIONS HIV HUMAN RIGHTS DISCRIMINATION STIGMA REDUCTION BLAME KNOWLEDGE HIV BLAME COMMUNITY STIGMA HUMAN RIGHTS MEASURES STIGMA SHAME STRUCTURAL DRIVERS STRUCTURAL ACTION MULTI-LEVEL INTERVENTIONS MULTI-LEVEL RESILIENCE BONE DENSITY Volume 16, Supplement 2 Scan this QR code with your mobile device to view November 2013 the special issue online Support The publication of this supplement was supported by the Stigma Action Network. We are especially grateful to funding from the Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS, The National Institute of Mental Health, and the STRIVE research programme consortium funded by UKaid from the Department for International Development. Global Action to reduce HIV stigma and discrimination Guest Editors: Anne L Stangl and Cynthia I Grossman Contents Foreword: Global action to reduce HIV stigma and discrimination Michel Sidibé and Eric P Goosby Editorial: Global action to reduce HIV stigma and discrimination Cynthia I Grossman and Anne L Stangl Impact of HIV-related stigma on treatment adherence: systematic review and meta-synthesis Ingrid T Katz, Annemarie E Ryu, Afiachukwu G Onuegbu, Christina Psaros, Sheri D Weiser, David R Bangsberg and Alexander C Tsai A systematic review of interventions to reduce HIV-related stigma and discrimination from 2002 to 2013: how far have we come? Anne L Stangl, Jennifer K Lloyd, Laura M Brady, Claire E Holland and Stefan Baral Resisting and challenging stigma in Uganda: the role of support groups of people living with HIV Gitau Mburu, Mala Ram, Morten Skovdal, David Bitira, Ian Hodgson, Grace W Mwai, Christine Stegling and Janet Seeley Community-based interventions that work to reduce HIV stigma and discrimination: results of an evaluation study in Thailand Aparna Jain, Ratana Nuankaew, Nungruthai Mongkholwiboolphol, Arunee Banpabuth, Rachada Tuvinun, Pakprim Oranop na Ayuthaya and Kerry Richter Implementing a stigma reduction intervention in healthcare settings Li Li, Chunqing Lin, Jihui Guan and Zunyou Wu Testing the efficacy of an HIV stigma reduction intervention with medical students in Puerto Rico: the SPACES project Nelson Varas-Díaz, Torsten B Neilands, Francheska Cintrón-Bou, Melissa Marzán-Rodríguez, Axel Santos-Figueroa, Salvador Santiago-Negrón, Domingo Marques and Sheilla Rodríguez-Madera A brief, standardized tool for measuring HIV-related stigma among health facility staff: results of field testing in China, Dominica, Egypt, Kenya, Puerto Rico and St. Christopher & Nevis Laura Nyblade, Aparna Jain, Manal Benkirane, Li Li, Anna-Leena Lohiniva, Roger McLean, Janet M Turan, Nelson Varas-Díaz, Francheska Cintrón-Bou, Jihui Guan, Zachary Kwena and Wendell Thomas Access to justice: evaluating law, health and human rights programmes in Kenya Sofia Gruskin, Kelly Safreed-Harmon, Tamar Ezer, Anne Gathumbi, Jonathan Cohen and Patricia Kameri-Mbote Prevalence and drivers of HIV stigma among health providers in urban India: implications for interventions Maria L Ekstrand, Jayashree Ramakrishna, Shalini Bharat and Elsa Heylen Assessment of HIV-related stigma in a US faith-based HIV education and testing intervention Jannette Y Berkley-Patton, Erin Moore, Marcie Berman, Stephen D Simon, Carole Bowe Thompson, Thomas Schleicher and Starlyn M Hawes Reducing shame in a game that predicts HIV risk reduction for young adult men who have sex with men: a randomized trial delivered nationally over the web John L Christensen, Lynn Carol Miller, Paul Robert Appleby, Charisse Corsbie-Massay, Carlos Gustavo Godoy, Stacy C Marsella and Stephen J Read Sexual stigma and discrimination as barriers to seeking appropriate healthcare among men who have sex with men in Swaziland Kathryn Risher, Darrin Adams, Bhekie Sithole, Sosthenes Ketende, Caitlin Kennedy, Zandile Mnisi, Xolile Mabusa and Stefan D Baral Individual-level socioeconomic status and community-level inequality as determinants of stigma towards persons living with HIV who inject drugs in Thai Nguyen, Vietnam Travis Lim, Carla Zelaya, Carl Latkin, Vu Minh Quan, Constantine Frangakis, Tran Viet Ha, Nguyen Le Minh and Vivian Go Volume 16, Supplement 2 November 2013 http://www.jiasociety.org/index.php/jias/issue/view/1464 Sidibe´ M and Goosby EP. Journal of the International AIDS Society 2013, 16(Suppl 2):18893 http://www.jiasociety.org/index.php/jias/article/view/18893 | http://dx.doi.org/10.7448/IAS.16.3.18893 Foreword Global action to reduce HIV stigma and discrimination This JIAS special issue examining HIV-related stigma and discrimination comes at a time when we see overwhelming evidence that global solidarity and shared responsibility are transforming the vision of an AIDS-free generation. A record of 10 million people living with HIV are now receiving treatment, far fewer people are dying from AIDS-related illnesses, 25 countries have reduced new forms of HIV infections by more than 50%, and new HIV treatment and prevention science promise yet more results. Yet, our work is far from over. This is particularly true when it comes to fighting discrimination and stigma. The PEPFAR Blueprint, published last World AIDS Day, provides a roadmap for how we are partnering with countries to achieve an AIDS-free generation, and calls for an end to stigma and discrimination against people living with HIV and key populations. HIV-related stigma and discrimination continues to endanger people living with the virus, and it still prevents millions of people from coming forward for testing and for prevention and treatment services. Some 50Á60% of people living with HIV are unaware of their status. Many others choose to hide it. Communities most affected by the epidemic Á sex workers, people who use drugs, men who have sex with men and transgender people Á remain highly stigmatized. These individuals and their families are often unable to exercise their right to health, non-discrimination and freedom from violence. At the 2011 UN High Level Meeting on HIV/AIDS, Member States committed to the goal of reducing stigma, discrimination and violence related to HIV. It is time to redouble our efforts. Countries must intensify their actions to build effective stigma- reduction programmes and policies; protective laws and protocols; and appropriate legal, social and policy frameworks that will eliminate stigma, discrimination and violence related to HIV. It is a global shared responsibility, and one that includes continued research into causes, manifestations and new metrics and monitoring approaches. This issue of JIAS examines HIV-related stigma in a variety of contexts and settings and explores its impact on several populations, including medical students in Puerto Rico, church leaders in the United States, men who have sex with men in Swaziland and healthcare workers around the world. Ending HIV-related stigma and discrimination will take considerable investment of time and resources, but our commitment is steadfast, and we are grateful to those who keep showing us how to do it better. The rights of all people living with or affected by HIV must be protected. It is that simple. Eric P. Goosby, MD, RADM Michel Sidibe´ Ambassador at Large and US Global AIDS Coordinator Executive Director The President’s Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS US Department of State 1 Grossman CI and Stangl AL. Journal of the International AIDS Society 2013, 16(Suppl 2):18881 http://www.jiasociety.org/index.php/jias/article/view/18881 | http://dx.doi.org/10.7448/IAS.16.3.18881 Editorial Global action to reduce HIV stigma and discrimination Cynthia I Grossman§,1 and Anne L Stangl2,3 §Corresponding author: Cynthia I Grossman, HIV Care Engagement and Secondary Prevention Program, Division of AIDS Research, National Institutes of Mental Health, 6001 Executive Boulevard, RM 6201, MSC 9619, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA. ([email protected]) Abstract There is no question that the stigma and discrimination associated with HIV and AIDS can be reduced through intervention. The inclusion of stigma and discrimination reduction as a critical component of achieving an AIDS-free generation in recent UNAIDS, UN and PEPFAR political initiatives is promising. Yet national governments need evidence on effective interventions at the individual, community and societal levels in order to strategically incorporate stigma and discrimination