Making Connections—May ‘10 ◆ Estrategias Efectivas Que Incrementan El Lenguaje Académico En La Clase De Ciencias De La Escuela Secundaria Por Elia María Romero
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Making ctions ConneLanguage, Literacy, Learning Albuquerque Public Schools Language and Cultural Equity Sheltering Geometry Instruction, Deepening Understanding by Gregg Nunley, La Cueva High School As teachers, we always try different sheltered instruction creates more confident instructional methods in our classrooms in students who are more willing to participate an effort to increase student success. To me, in classroom activities. This helps to develop increasing student students who have a success means that greater understanding a greater number of of classroom content. my students have a more in-depth In February, my Honors understanding of Geometry class at La classroom content. Cueva High School One way for me to began a unit on solids do this is to weave (pyramids, cylinders, key components of prisms, spheres). The sheltered instruction content objectives of into my daily lessons. the sheltered lesson How do I know this were as follows: works to increase 1. Students would be student success? I able to identify and Students determine the volume of a have proof. Part of my classify basic solids prism from the volume of a pyramid proof is completely which is filled with rice. including prisms, objective: test pyramids, cylinders, scores. When I use components of sheltered and cones; and 2. Students would be able to instruction in my lessons, the students score calculate the surface area and volume of each of better on their geometry quizzes and tests. those solids. The other part of my proof is subjective— THE LESSON As students entered the room, they noticed that Also in this issue... the words “Homework Buddies” were displayed ❖ Traveling Through the Civil Rights on the Smartboard. Students know this means Movement that they ask the other students at their tables ❖ Estrategias efectivas que (a table consists of four students) any questions incrementan el lenguaje académico... they have about the previous night’s homework assignment. After three to five minutes, each ❖ Extending Marzano's Instructional table of students knows they may ask for one Strategies problem to be worked out on the Smartboard. ❖ Putting on a Native American I write down the problem numbers that tables Fashion Show: Learning by Doing request to be worked out. Students earn extra ❖ Sharing Classroom Management credit by volunteering to work out these ❖ Making More Connections! problems for the class. —continued on page 10— ◆ May 2010 ◆ Traveling Through the Civil Rights Movement by Joycelyn Pegues Jackson, Multicultural Education Coordinator/Black Student Union Director Thirty students from Albuquerque High and Highland High began their "Travels Through the Civil Rights Movement" on Sunday, March 14, 2010 at 6:00 a.m. They were accompanied by the Black Student Union sponsors from Albuquerque High, Jackie Cole and co-sponsors Tristan Baker and Calesia Cole, Stacy Washington from Highland High and the Director, Joycelyn Jackson. Their travels included the following destinations: The Tuskegee Airmen 1. The Oklahoma City Bombing Site – Oklahoma, City; 2. Central High School and a conversation with faces and listening to their thoughts as they Minnie Lee of the “Little Rock Nine” and Julian tried to understand and internalize what they Bond in Little Rock, Arkansas; were hearing and seeing, was phenomenal. 3. The Lorraine Motel and Civil Rights Museum in Each of the students kept a journal and took Memphis, Tennessee; pictures to go along with the thoughts they wrote about. Here is one student’s reflection. 4. 16th Street Baptist Church and Kelly Ingram Park in Birmingham, Alabama; “This year’s 2010 Black Student Union College and 5. Historically Black Colleges Spellman College and Civil Rights Tour brought out a lot of different Morehouse College and the Dr. Martin Luther King feelings from me. I have always heard how hard Jr. Museum, House and Burial Site and Ebenezer and how long it took African-Americans to get the Baptist Church, Atlanta, Georgia; same rights, and to be treated as human beings. I 6. Tuskegee Airman Museum in Tuskegee, Alabama, thought I knew a lot about it until I went on this the Rosa Parks Museum in Montgomery, Alabama, trip. I stood on the same place that the National and the Selma Bridge in Selma, Alabama; and Guard did, when they turned the Little Rock Nine away from entering Central High School. This made 7. Vicksburg National Military Park in Vicksburg, me think about how many students I see every Mississippi. day trying to sneak past the security guards just to Traveling through the Civil Rights Movement get out of having to go to school. Being at Central was one of the most heartfelt and educational High School, in Little Rock, Arkansas, made me experiences in my life. Experiencing the different think about how much we take our education for sites with thirty young people, watching their granted. These nine young people had to fight and put their lives’ on the line for something that we don’t even appreciate any more. This trip has also helped me see how much they really do leave out of the history books. Seeing all these places and talking with people that went through it shows that we as African-Americans have made it a long way, but we still have a long ways to go.” Mariah Lyons, President, Albuquerque High School Black Student Union On Tuesday, April 27, the BSU students invited the community to their celebration of learning about "Travels Through the Civil Rights Movement." They presented their photographs and personal reflections in the AHS Commons. Students from the Black Student Unions of AHS This presentation will hopefully become an and HHS visit the Central High School Museum and Visitors' Center in Little Rock, Arkansas. —continued on page 5— 2 ◆ Making Connections—May ‘10 ◆ Estrategias efectivas que incrementan el lenguaje académico en la clase de ciencias de la escuela secundaria por Elia María Romero El lenguaje académico está influenciado por Seguidamente, cada alumno añade prefijos la lectura, la escritura, el discurso oral, y por y sufijos a dicha palabra o bien crea palabras las oportunidades académicas en las que compuestas según el caso. De esta manera, está inmerso el estudiante. Este lenguaje el alumno logra adquirir estrategias tiene características de tipo pragmático que fonológicas, pragmáticas, y sintácticas a requieren de una audición y una práctica la vez que incorpora dichas palabras a su intensivas en un contexto significativo. vocabulario académico. Cuando el estudiante carece de un lenguaje académico apropiado a su nivel, su aprendizaje foto > fotografía > fotográfico > se ve afectado y esto incide negativamente en su éxito académico, ya sea en su primera fotogénico > fotosíntesis > fotosintético lengua o en su segunda. > fotosensible… Según Cummings (2002), se distinguen dos tipos de destrezas necesarias para adquirir • EL ROMPEPA L ABRAS : Con esta estrategia el lenguaje académico. Las del primer tipo el maestro logrará que los estudiantes se denominan destrezas comunicativas desarrollen nuevas palabras a partir de una interpersonales básicas (DCIB). Las segundas palabra científica dada. se relacionan con el desarrollo cognitivo del lenguaje académico (DCLA). Este investigador BIODIVERSIDAD afirma que las primeras (DCIB) tienen que ver fundamentalmente con la adquisición del vida diverso edad odisea lenguaje y son directamente observables a corto plazo. Las destrezas del segundo tipo verso dedos divisor rosa verdad (DCLA) requieren de la aplicación consciente de estrategias relacionadas con el ambiente • EL CÍRCU L O CIEN T ÍFICO : La finalidad de escolar. Los logros de estas últimas sólo son esta estrategia es la formación de observables a largo plazo si el alumno ha estado imágenes mentales y la organización del expuesto a una práctica académica intensiva. pensamiento científico abstracto. Esto facilitará a los estudiantes la consolidación En la enseñanza de las ciencias a nivel de los conceptos y-o procesos científicos de secundaria, el énfasis debe recaer estudiados en clase. mayormente en el desarrollo cognitivo del lenguaje académico. Esto sentará las bases del discurso académico del alumno en los años posteriores en la escuela preparatoria. A continuación se presentan cinco estrategias pedagógicas que pueden ayudar a los alumnos de secundaria a adquirir y mejorar el uso y la comprensión de su lenguaje académico. • DE UNA PA L ABRA D E A O T RA : El maestro escribe una palabra corta y sencilla relacionada con el tema. —continúa en la página 9— ◆ Making Connections—May ‘10 ◆ 3 Extending Marzano's Instructional Strategies by Kathy Waldman Marzano’s nine strategies (Classroom Instruction that Works, 2001) tie classroom instruction Marzano has called nonlinguistic representation to research in a way that has spoken to “the most underused instructional strategy of many teachers and caused them to examine all,” yet “one of the most powerful”. He says their methods of instructing students. Good that engaging students in creating nonlinguistic teachers have used many of the strategies he representations stimulates and increases delineates for years, and his list has affirmed activity in the brain (2001, p. 73). As you can what they already were doing. Such is the case see, nonlinguistic representation plays a part with G.L.A.D. (Guided Language Acquisition in almost all of these key G.L.A.D. strategies. Design). Further, these strategies are crucial “This is especially important for ELL’s because for the success of English language learners. they cannot rely solely on linguistic ability to G.L.A.D. provides ways for ELL’s to access learn and retain knowledge in a new language. grade level academic language and standards. Nonlinguistic methods of learning are essential All of the strategies outlined by Marzano are for them,” (Classroom Instruction that Works for a part of G.L.A.D. instructional practices. Like English Language Learners, Hill and Flynn, 2006). many teachers, G.L.A.D. teachers feel validated and reassured that what they know to be best From the first moment of instruction with practice is affirmed by research.