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Notes on Some Ttndesceibed Stones with Cup-Markings In NOTES ON STONES WITH CUP-MARKINGS IN SCOTLAND. 79 V. NOTE N SOMO S E TTNDESCEIBED STONES WITH CUP-MARKINGN I S SCOTLAND . EOMILLJ Y B . Y ALLEN, F.S.A. SCOT. The object of the present paper is to direct the attention of this Societ somo yt e hitherto unnoticed stones with cup-markings which exist chiefly in Central Scotland, and to furnish a complete list of all the stones of this class whict presena e har t known, showing their geographical dis- tribution s intendei t I . d als e booksgivo ot th a lisef o t, papersd an , authoritie subjecte th n o s . e stoneSomth f o se whic e noticee presenar hth n i dt paper have already been partially described, but wherever this is the case the particulars which have been wanting in former descriptions, such as plans showing the general arrangement of the stones, &c., are now supplied. My endeavour has been in fact as much as possible to supplement the very valuable stor f facteo s which have been accumulate r JameSi y db s Simpso d othenan r distinguished member r Society ou investiy f sM o . - gations have been confined e chieflcentrath o t y l part f Scotlandso o s , that I do not in any way trespass on the field which has found such an able explorer in Mr. Jolly of Inverness. The following is a list of the cup-marked stones with which the present paper deals :— Edinburglisliire.—The Witch's Ston rocd ean k sculpture n Tormaio s n Hill, near Ratho. Fifesliire.—Boulder t Lochmalonya . Perthshire.—Standing stones on Glenhead Farm, near Dunblane. Circle of stones at Monzie Castle, near Crieff. Circle of stones at Mon- crieffe House, near Perth. Standing stones at Pitfour Castle, near Perth. Three stone Murthl on s Gatehouseat yone Far m,and near Aberfeldy. Sculptured rock on Cragantol Farm, near Ben Lawers Hotel, oil the north shore of Loch Tay. Stone with basin and cups at Killin. 0 8 PROCEEDING SOCIETYE TH F SO , FEBRUARY 13, 1882. ForfarsMre.—Stones at Dunnichen and Welton, near Forfar. five stone t Eeswalliea s , near Forfar. e whitStonth t ea e Caterthun Fort, near Brechin. Argyllshire.—Standing stones of Largie, near Kilmartin. Standing stones of Balameanoch, near Kilmartin. Sculptured rock at Balnacraig, near Kilmartin. Inverness-shire.—Stone near Glenelg. The Witch's Stone r Ratho,wa Edinburghshire.—The Witch's Stons ei situated on the west slope of Tormain Hill, a few hundred yards from the road leading from Ratho to Bonnington Mains, at a distance of one mile south-west from the former place. The village of Ratho lies seven miles west of the city of Edinburgh. There is an Ordnance bench mark stone th cun e o titsel f which give0 fee e leve43 ta sth t abovse a l e th e fee0 4 t d beloan e summiwth f Torinaio t n Hill (see One-inch Ordnance Map Sheet 32, and Six-inch Sheet 5). The position being thus at a con- siderable elevation abov vallee Forthe eth th f yvero a , y extensive view is obtained in all directions. The Witch's Stone is a natural boulder of whinstone, rounded and smoothed by glacial action, whoso upper surface slopen angla f t abouo ea s° wit e horizon35 thth e lengte th Th f . o h sloping face is 8 feet and at the top is a flat place 2 feet wide. The breadth of the stone is 11 feet 3 inches at the upper end, and lowee th fee 4 t ra e thicknest endTh . s variee feet3 Th s o fro.t m2 highes stone fee6 t th inchepar6 s ti ef o t s abov e e groundeth th d an , lowest 1 foot 6 inches. It rests on what has originally been a portion e sama maso th ff w whinstoneo s no boulder s i t ebu , broke p intnu o several fragments, which serve as supports to prop up the stone above. Viewed from the north side the whole presents the appearance of a crom- lech uppee th , r stone formin disintegratee th cape d gth ,an d portion below the supports. This notion, however, wil clearle lb y erroneou e seeb o nt n so lookin t froi opposite e t gma th side shows accompanyine a , th n no g sketch (fig, wher1) . e the crack separatin portiono bouldee tw th e gf th s o vers ri y apparent Witch'e Th . s Ston s describei e . dDanie botDr y hb l Wilson * 1 Dr. Daniel Wilson's Prehistoric Annals of Scutland, vol. i. p. 95. NOTES ON STONES WITH CUP-MARKINGS IN SCOTLAND. 81 and Sir James Simpson1 as being a cromlech, but Dr. J. Alexander Smith showed the fallacy of this theory in a paper read before the Society in 1875.2 The sculpturings consist of twenty-four cups varying in diameter from 1| to 3 inches. Twenty-two of these cups are arranged approximateln a n i y straight line alon e slopingth e stoneg th fac f o ,e and divide it into two almost equal parts. The two remaining cups lie, one 7-| inches to the left of the lowest cup of the central row, and the other 2 feet 3 inches to the right of the ninth cup up the Fig . Th1 . e Witch's Stone Tor-main o , n Hill, Ratho. stone. Dr. Daniel Wilson says of these marks :—"Along the centre of the large capstone shallow perforations have been made at nearly regular intervals, possibly indicatin gdesiga f splittinno twon i t i g; thougn o h my first visiting it, my rustic guide pointed them out to me as the. im- pressions of a dog's feet." 3 The idea of the holes having been cut with objece th splittinf o t stone g th shallownes e negatives ei th y b e ) th d(1 f so e existencth y cupsb ) othef eo (2 , r cup t Witch'e eacsa th hy b side s) (3 , Stone being found in close proximity to the undoubted cup and ring marks on the summit of the hill hereafter described. The field in which the Witch's Stone is situated is called "Knock-about."4 The slop- ing face of the stone has been much polished by the practice of people Proa. Soc. Ant. Scot., vol. vi., appendix. 21 . p , 1 2 Ibid., vol. x. p. 143. 3 Prehistoric Annals of Scotland,. 95 . volp . i . 4 Proc. Soc. Ant. Scot., . 147volp . .x . VOL. XVI. F 82 PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY, FEBRUARY 13, 1882. climbing on to the top and sliding down. Some of the cups are almost obliterate consequencen di stone Th e. form vera s y prominent featurn ei e view th d musan , t always have attracted attention fro s peculiamit r shape. Rock Sculptures Tormainn o Hill.—At distanc a e yard 0 th 20 o st f eo south-eas Witch'e th f o t s e Stonesummith n o Tormaif , o t n Hill, exisa t serie f rocso k sculptures, which were discovered . somMr ey b year o ag s Fig. 2. Plan of Top of Tormain Hill. James Melvi f Bonningtonno wild foune an ,l b d describe papea n di r read befor . Alexande J Societ e . eth Dr y yb r Smith. only M y1 reaso agair nfo n referring to them is to render intelligible the plans and drawings of the cup-markings now exhibited for the first time. The sculpturings will be e highesfounth n , within o figdi 2) te . hil s ridgth aren n(a a lf ao e measurin naturae th n feeo 0 lg4 t feesur t0 cu lon2 -te y gbroadb ar d an , whinstone facth f eo e roc whicf ko hile hth composeds l i roce Th k .crop s up above the grass in nine different places, and on eight of these sculptur- ings occur at the points marked A, B, C, D, E, F, G, H, in the general 1 Proc. Soc. Ant. Scot., . 141volp . .x . NOTES ON STONES WITH CUP-MARKINGS IN SCOTLAND. 83 plan. Of these stone A (fig. 3) is much the finest and most remarkable in every way. It is the most southerly of the whole group, and is a piece of natural rock projecting from the side of the hill about 9 inches above the turf, and measures 4 feet 3 inches long by 2 feet 3 inches wide. Its upper surfac flats e i f ovao , l shape sloped an , s slightly toward hille sth . It is intersected by two parallel cracks of natural formation. The sculp- tures consist of twenty cups varying in diameter from three quarters of ± RING STONE ON TOR MAIN Him NEAR RATHO Fig. 3. Stone on Torinain Hill, marked A in General Plan. incinchen 2 a o ht diametern si . Sevecupe surroundee th sf ar no a y db single ring, and one by four concentric circles. These latter are not com- plete, but form loops round terminal cups. Three of the cups with single ring arrangee a strianglear fore f th mo n n i dadditioI e .cup th so nt o lon ringd tw g e an groovessar e cuttine stonee corneon ,th th f f o g,rof othee naturae th th d f r o paralle an le crackson o t l . Stone B lie fee0 s1 t inche3 norte measureth d f stono han so t , eA fee2 fee inchess4 3 y t b t .
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