Public Opinion Survey: Residents of Georgia

Home , Archil Talakvadze, David Usupashvili, Davit Sergeenko, Georgian lari, Grigol Vashadze, Levan Varshalomidze

April 10-22, 2018 Detailed Methodology • The survey was conducted by Dr. Rasa Alisauskiene from the public and market research company Baltic Surveys/The Gallup Organization on behalf of the Center for Insights in Survey Research. The fieldwork was carried out by IPM Research, Ltd.

• Data was collected throughout Georgia (excluding the occupied territories of Abkhazia and South Ossetia) between April 10-22, 2018, through face-to-face interviews at respondents’ homes.

• The sample consisted of 1,500 permanent residents of Georgia older than the age of 18 and eligible to vote. It is representative of the general population by age, gender, region and size/type of settlement.

• A multistage probability sampling method was used, employing the “random route” and “next birthday” respondent selection procedures.

• Stage one: All districts of Georgia are grouped into 10 regions. The survey was conducted throughout all regions of Georgia, except for the occupied territories of Abkhazia and South Ossetia. The city of Tbilisi was treated as a separate region. • Stage two: The territory of each region was split into settlements and grouped according to subtype (i.e. cities, towns and villages). • Settlements were selected at random. • The number of selected settlements in each region was proportional to the share of population living in a particular type of the settlement in each region. • Stage three: Primary sampling units were described.

• The margin of error does not exceed plus or minus 2.5 percent for the full sample. Data are weighted by the variables of gender, age, region and size of the settlement using the latest data from Geostat.

• Response rate was 71 percent.

• Charts and graphs may not add up to 100 percent due to rounding.

• The survey was funded by the U.S. Agency for International Development. 2 National Institutions Losing Favorability Please tell me your opinion of the work of the following institutions:

Favorable Unfavorable No opinion Georgian Orthodox Church 84% 8% 8% Georgian army 83% 10% 7% Georgian media 68% 27% 5% Police 50% 43% 7% Public education system 49% 42% 8% Local authorities 43% 49% 8% Office of the President 43% 52% 5% Central Election Commission 36% 52% 12% Office of the Prime Minister 34% 56% 10% Government (Cabinet of Ministers) 34% 60% 6% Parliament 34% 62% 4% Office of the Ombudsman 30% 44% 26% Office of the Prosecutor 26% 52% 22% Courts 25% 55% 20% National Bank 22% 67% 11% Political parties 21% 68% 11% Governors 19% 50% 31% Trade unions 12% 50% 38%

0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100%

4 Opinions of Institutions: Georgian Orthodox Church

Favorable Unfavorable No opinion

100% 96% 95% 93% 93% 93% 93% 94% 94% 93% 94% 91% 92% 91% 91% 91% 92% 91% 89% 90% 89% 87% 87% 88% 88% 90% 84% 82% 83% 80% 80%

70%

60%

50%

40%

30%

20% 12% 12% 12% 9% 10% 9% 7% 7% 8% 8% 8% 8% 10% 6% 5% 6% 6% 6% 6% 5% 6% 5% 5% 6% 5% 3% 4% 4% 4% 8% 8% 6% 6% 0% 4% 4% 3% 3% 3% 4% 3% 3% 4% 2% 1% 2% 2% 2% 2% 1% 1% 2% 1% 2% 1% 1% 2% 1%

5 Opinions of Institutions: Georgian Army Favorable Unfavorable No opinion 100% 93% 93% 92% 91% 91% 90% 89% 90% 89% 90% 86% 86% 87% 87% 87% 86% 86% 83% 84% 84% 83% 81% 81% 80% 81% 80% 77% 79% 70%

60% 56%

50% 45%

40% 39%

30% 28% 20% 16% 16% 13% 12%10% 11% 10% 10% 10% 9% 10% 8% 8% 8% 8% 6% 6% 7% 9% 10% 7% 6% 6% 7% 7% 4% 5% 5% 5% 10% 10% 9% 8% 9% 8% 8% 7% 7% 7% 6% 7% 1% 6% 7% 5% 4% 4% 5% 5% 5% 5% 5% 0% 3% 2% 2%

6 Opinions of Institutions: Georgian Media

100% Favorable Unfavorable No opinion 87% 90% 85% 86% 84% 83% 83% 84% 84% 81% 82% 81% 82% 80% 77% 74% 74% 72% 71% 69% 68% 70% 73% 73% 65% 65% 66% 63% 64% 61% 60% 64%

50%

40%

29% 27% 28% 27% 28% 27% 30% 25% 23% 23% 23% 21% 22% 21% 18% 18% 20% 17% 11% 11% 11% 12% 11% 9% 9% 9% 8% 8% 9% 9% 10% 14% 4% 12% 3% 10% 9% 9% 9% 7% 7% 8% 8% 6% 7% 7% 8% 8% 8% 8% 7% 7% 7% 0% 5% 6% 5% 6% 5% 5%

7 Opinions of Institutions: Police

100% Favorable Unfavorable No opinion 90% 88% 88% 88% 90% 87% 86% 84% 84% 84% 82% 81% 82% 80% 77% 77% 70% 70% 70% 65% 66% 65% 69% 68% 65% 59% 60% 50% 50% 49% 50% 40% 37% 40% 35% 43% 31% 28% 30% 25% 23% 24% 24% 21% 21% 24% 20% 15% 13% 12% 12% 11% 10% 9% 9% 10% 7% 7% 10% 6% 6% 13% 12% 4% 4% 10% 10% 2% 11% 9% 3% 2% 8% 7% 6% 7% 7% 6% 6% 6% 7% 6% 6% 7% 0% 5% 4% 5%

8 Opinions of Institutions: Public Education System

100% Favorable Unfavorable No opinion 90%

80%

70% 67% 67% 67% 63% 63% 64% 60% 61% 61% 57% 58% 58% 58% 60% 55% 56% 55% 53% 51% 52% 52% 52% 50% 50% 50% 49% 50% 46% 45% 50% 41% 44% 38% 37% 37% 37% 40% 35% 35% 44% 35% 35% 43% 42% 32% 33% 32% 30% 38% 30% 28% 30% 27% 26% 31% 24% 25% 25% 25% 19% 20% 23% 14% 13% 13% 12% 12% 13% 11% 11% 11% 11% 11% 11% 10% 11% 10% 11% 11% 11% 8% 8% 9% 9% 9% 8% 10% 7% 5% 4%

9 Opinions of Institutions: Office of the President

100% Favorable Unfavorable No opinion

90% 82% 80% 77% 73% 72% 71% 71% 68% 70% 69% 70% 67% 64% 65% 64% 61% 62%

60% 54% 51% 55% 53% 49%49% 52% 52% 57% 49% 50% 52% 48% 46% 42% 39% 42% 41% 46% 40% 42% 43% 32% 39% 40% 43%42% 37% 30% 26% 32% 26% 31% 23% 23% 20% 28% 21% 18% 20% 15% 23% 13% 19% 9% 10% 12% 12% 5% 5% 12% 5% 13% 5% 3% 11% 11% 11% 11% 11% 5% 9% 9% 10% 10% 9% 10% 7% 7% 8% 7% 7% 8% 8% 0%

10 Opinions of Institutions: Central Election Commission 100% Favorable Unfavorable No opinion 90%

80%

70%

60% 54% 52% 50% 50% 50% 46% 47% 47% 44% 42% 41% 42% 42% 39% 37% 40% 35% 35% 36% 32% 32% 40% 31% 30% 31% 31% 38% 29% 28% 30% 35% 31% 23% 23% 27% 19% 25% 26% 18% 20% 23% 16% 21% 20% 12% 18% 10%

11 11 Opinions of Institutions: Office of the Prime Minister 100% Favorable Unfavorable No opinion 90%

80%

70% 67%

60% 56%

48% 50% 45% 45%

45% 40% 43% 39% 30% 34%

20% 17%

16% 16% 10% 12% 10% 7% 0%

12 Opinions of Institutions: Government (Cabinet of Ministers)

100% Favorable Unfavorable No opinion 90% 81% 81% 79% 80% 74% 73% 71% 69% 68% 68% 70% 67% 66% 63% 62% 60% 57% 58% 59% 58% 60% 57% 56% 57% 51% 47% 57% 50% 50% 45% 50% 48%

45% 38% 40% 44% 47% 45%45% 42% 34% 32% 32% 33% 36% 30% 36% 34% 30% 32% 26% 25% 25% 23% 23% 17% 22% 19% 20% 15% 21% 13% 10% 12% 10% 12% 5% 5% 12% 4% 11% 11% 11% 3% 10% 11% 10% 4% 9% 8% 8% 8% 6% 7% 7% 7% 7% 7% 7% 7% 7% 6% 0%

13 Opinions of Institutions: Parliament 100% Favorable Unfavorable No opinion 90% 82% 82% 81% 80% 74% 73% 72% 69% 69% 67% 68% 70% 64% 65% 62% 62% 59% 60% 65% 58% 60% 56% 57% 54% 53% 47% 54% 49% 49% 46% 50% 49% 46% 45% 49% 39% 45% 36% 44% 40% 41% 33% 38% 30% 35% 27% 34% 30% 33% 26% 25% 25% 34% 30% 27% 20% 18% 16% 20% 19% 12% 13% 11% 10% 13% 5% 5% 5% 5% 5% 4% 11% 10% 11% 11% 3% 8% 9% 9% 8% 2% 9% 8% 6% 7% 7% 6% 7% 6% 6% 7% 7% 0%

14 Opinions of Institutions: Office of the Ombudsman 100% Favorable Unfavorable No opinion 90%

80%

70%

60%

49% 50% 49% 49% 50% 47% 46% 43% 45% 43% 41% 39% 40% 35% 43% 44% 33% 38% 38% 38% 38% 38% 39% 30% 28% 36% 29% 30% 34% 35% 34% 32% 28% 26% 20% 23% 22% 21% 22% 19% 20% 17% 16% 17% 10% 13% 13%

15 15 Opinions of Institutions: Office of the Prosecutor

100% Favorable Unfavorable No opinion

90%

80% 71% 70%

60% 61% 60% 58% 60% 57% 56% 57% 56% 54% 54% 52% 52% 52% 49% 49% 50% 50% 47% 46% 47% 46% 44% 45% 45% 42% 37% 40% 35% 39% 36% 31% 30% 30%38% 37% 30% 28% 35% 28% 30% 36% 34% 26% 25% 24% 24% 26% 25% 29% 29% 24% 23% 22% 27% 26% 17% 25% 20% 23% 23% 23% 23% 22% 21% 22% 19% 19% 19% 20% 17% 18% 18% 17% 17% 16% 16% 14% 10% 14% 12% 11% 9% 0%

16 Opinions of Institutions: Courts

100% Favorable Unfavorable No opinion

90%

80%

70% 67% 64% 65% 62%

60% 55% 55% 55% 53% 54% 53% 53% 51% 52% 49% 50% 50% 49% 50% 47% 46% 46% 44% 44% 42% 42% 41% 39% 40% 35% 34% 33% 32% 31% 40% 39% 30% 27% 30% 34% 27% 37% 27% 27% 27% 27% 35% 30% 26% 26% 26% 25% 25% 22% 20% 27% 25% 20% 23% 24% 23% 24% 22% 23% 24% 21% 22% 19% 19% 20% 20% 20% 19% 20% 18% 18% 18% 18% 17% 15% 10% 13% 11% 8% 0%

17 Opinions of Institutions: National Bank 100% Favorable Unfavorable No opinion 90%

80%

70% 70% 66% 67% 64% 65% 63% 62% 62% 58% 67% 60% 57% 57% 57% 57% 54% 53% 53% 54% 50% 48% 48% 50% 45% 45% 53% 54% 50% 38% 37% 40% 36% 35% 33% 31% 32% 36% 32% 30% 35% 35% 30% 26% 25% 26% 24% 25% 26% 31% 24% 24% 22% 21% 22% 22% 20% 20% 19% 19% 26% 18% 18% 20% 24% 23% 23% 24% 17% 21% 20% 20% 21% 13% 19% 18% 19% 18% 19% 11% 16% 16% 17% 16% 10% 15% 14% 14% 15% 9% 8% 0%

18 Opinions of Institutions: Political Parties

100% Favorable Unfavorable No opinion 90%

80% 73% 71% 68% 68% 70%

58% 58% 60% 54% 51% 50% 49% 50% 46% 47% 46% 47% 48% 45% 45% 44% 44% 45% 44%44% 43%46% 42% 42% 43% 44% 40% 44% 42% 43% 40% 40% 41% 37% 38% 39% 38% 38% 32% 37% 37% 36% 36% 36% 37% 36% 30% 34% 35% 32% 33% 25% 19% 20% 16% 21% 21% 20% 20% 19% 20% 19% 19% 20% 18% 18% 17% 18% 17% 16% 16% 16% 15% 16% 10% 13% 13% 14% 14% 13% 12% 11% 11% 10% 10% 9% 0%

19 Opinions of Institutions: Governors 100% Favorable Unfavorable No opinion 90%

80%

70% 61% 60% 52% 52% 50% 49% 51% 50% 50% 48% 48% 50% 47% 46% 44% 43% 43% 41% 41% 39% 40% 38% 38% 37% 40% 43% 44% 35% 36% 33% 32% 33% 38% 32% 32% 37% 37% 30% 29% 35% 36% 35% 35% 29% 28% 30% 33% 33% 33% 33% 32% 31% 31% 32% 32% 31% 29% 32% 27% 27% 27% 26% 26% 26% 25% 25% 25% 20% 24% 23% 24% 24% 21% 22% 21% 19% 17% 16% 16% 15% 16% 16% 10% 13%

20 Opinions of Institutions: Trade Unions

100% Favorable Unfavorable No opinion

90%

80%

70%

60% 53% 51% 50% 50% 47% 48% 48% 50% 46% 46% 46% 47% 47% 44% 44% 44% 44% 43%44% 42% 43% 43% 41% 40% 40% 41% 41% 39% 38% 40% 36% 37% 44% 43% 42% 40% 40% 40% 39% 39% 39% 39% 39% 39%39% 38% 38% 36% 35% 36% 35%34% 30% 32% 34% 32% 31% 31% 30% 29% 26% 20% 25% 21% 21% 22% 21% 21% 21% 21% 19% 19% 20% 20% 17% 18% 17% 18% 17% 16% 16% 15% 15% 10% 13% 13% 11% 11% 12%

21 How do you assess the performance of the following institutions in terms of openness and transparency?

Open and transparent Not open and transparent Don't know/No answer

Ministry of Justice 41% 46% 13%

Office of the President 35% 56% 9%

Local Authorities 34% 60% 6%

Police 33% 57% 9%

Government of Georgia 30% 65% 5%

Office of the Prime Minister 28% 61% 11%

Courts 18% 66% 16%

Office of the Prosecutor 16% 65% 19%

0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100% 22 Popularity of Local Authorities Opinions of Institutions:

100% Local Authorities Favorable Unfavorable No opinion 90%

80%

70%

60% 57% 56% 56% 55% 55% 54% 53% 53% 59% 50% 49% 48% 48% 47% 47% 50% 47% 47% 46% 46% 54% 44% 43% 42% 43% 42% 42%

40% 43% 41% 42% 41% 38% 39% 39% 40% 38% 37% 37% 38% 35% 35% 36% 35% 37% 30% 34% 33% 34% 34% 32% 31% 30% 31% 27% 20% 22% 22% 18% 18% 18% 18% 16% 17% 17% 16% 16% 17% 10% 15% 15% 15% 14% 13% 13% 12% 10% 10% 11% 10% 8% 9% 8% 0%

24 Opinions of Institutions: Local Authorities (April 2018; disaggregated by region) Favorable Unfavorable No opinion

Ajara 60% 38% 2%

Samtskhe-Javakheti 59% 23% 18%

Imereti 57% 39% 4%

Kvemo Kartli 48% 44% 8%

Guria* 46% 54%

Kakheti 46% 50% 4%

Tbilisi 37% 50% 13%

Samegrelo 29% 66% 5%

Shida Kartli 17% 77% 6%

Mtskheta-Mtianeti* 13% 58% 29%

0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100% * The sample size in these regions is too small for reliable statistical analysis; results should be treated with caution. 25 Openness and transparency: Local Authorities (April 2018; disaggregated by region)

Open and transparent Not open and transparent Don’t know/No answer

Guria* 59% 41%

Samtskhe-Javakheti 52% 46% 2%

Ajara 45% 49% 6%

Mtskheta-Mtianeti* 41% 41% 19%

Imereti 40% 51% 9%

Kakheti 36% 62% 2%

Tbilisi 35% 57% 8%

Kvemo Kartli 26% 69% 5%

Samegrelo 25% 73% 1%

Shida Kartli 11% 80% 9%

0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100% * The sample size in these regions is too small for reliable statistical analysis; results should be treated with caution. 26 Do you think that the following services should be provided by local governments or by the central government?

Definitely by local government Probably by local government Probably by central government administration Definitely by central government administration Don’t know/No answer

Management of waste 35% 28% 17% 16% 3%

Water supply 34% 25% 18% 21% 2%

Kindergartens 29% 23% 19% 27% 2%

Granting social protections 29% 29% 22% 16% 4% to certain individuals

Taking care of elderly and 26% 30% 20% 22% 2% handicapped people

Protection of forests 22% 19% 22% 33% 4%

School education 17% 15% 27% 38% 3%

0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100% 27 Attitudes Toward Foreign Policy In your opinion what should Georgia’s foreign policy course be?

Only pro-European Union and the West Pro-Western but keep up relations with Russia Pro-Russian but keep up relations with the European Union and the West Only pro-Russian Don’t know/No answer

Apr-18 27% 50% 12% 2% 9%

Mar-17 23% 53% 12% 3% 9%

Mar-16 22% 52% 11% 4% 11%

0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100%

29 Do you support Georgia joining NATO?

Fully support Somewhat support Somewhat oppose Strongly oppose Don’t know/No answer

Apr-18 50% 27% 8% 9% 6% Mar-17 56% 26% 6% 7% 5% Mar-16 55% 24% 7% 9% 5% Feb-15 57% 21% 6% 9% 7% Feb-14 58% 22% 5% 8% 7% May-13 61% 19% 5% 6% 8% Feb-13 63% 19% 6% 5% 7% Nov-12 65% 17% 4% 5% 9% Mar-12 59% 20% 4% 6% 11% Nov-11 61% 19% 5% 5% 10% May-11 55% 22% 6% 6% 11% Oct-10 55% 19% 5% 9% 12% Mar-10 50% 22% 6% 9% 13% Oct-09 54% 21% 6% 6% 13% Jun-09 45% 23% 9% 12% 10% Feb-09 49% 23% 7% 10% 11% Sep-08 70% 17% 4% 4% 6%

0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100%

30 When do you think Georgia will become a member of NATO?

2% 4% 3%

18% In 2019 In 2020 In 2021 57% After 2021 Never Don’t know/No answer

16%

31 Do you support Georgia joining the European Union?

Fully support Somewhat support Somewhat oppose Strongly oppose Don’t know/No answer

Apr-18 60% 25% 5% 4% 6%

Mar-17 64% 26% 3%3%3%

Mar-16 63% 22% 5% 6% 4%

Feb-15 62% 23% 4% 5% 6%

Feb-14 70% 18% 3% 4% 5%

May-13 67% 20% 2%2% 8%

Feb-13 67% 21% 3%2% 7%

0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100%

32 Would you support further dialogue with Russia?

Fully support Somewhat support Somewhat oppose Strongly oppose Don’t know/No answer

Apr-18 46% 30% 6% 12% 5%

Mar-17 53% 29% 6% 10% 2%

Mar-16 59% 24% 4% 10% 3%

Feb-15 65% 20% 4% 8% 3%

Feb-14 76% 16% 3% 4% 2%

May-13 82% 11% 2%3% 2%

Feb-13 82% 13% 2%2%1%

Nov-12 83% 11% 2%2% 2%

Mar-12 74% 19% 2%3% 2%

Nov-11 73% 17% 2%4% 4%

May-11 78% 16% 2%2% 2%

Oct-10 84% 12% 1%1%2%

Mar-10 78% 15% 2%2% 3%

0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100%

33 How do you rate the current government’s handling of Georgia’s relationship with Russia?

Very positively Somewhat positively Somewhat negatively Very negatively Don't know/No answer

Apr-18 5% 31% 30% 22% 12%

Mar-17 15% 39% 24% 11% 11%

Mar-16 14% 45% 18% 11% 11%

Feb-15 17% 42% 18% 8% 15%

0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100% 34 Mood of the Country Do you think that things in Georgia are going in the:

Right direction Wrong direction Don't know/No answer 80%

70% 70% 67% 65% 65% 65% 63% 63% 60% 58% 59% 60% 57% 57% 56% 55% 56% 55% 50% 54% 51% 48% 48% 48% 50% 47% 43% 43%

38% 40% 41% 41% 42% 39% 41% 32% 33% 41% 31% 31% 36% 29% 30% 27% 25% 24% 25% 25% 24% 22% 21% 22% 27% 26% 20% 22% 16% 19% 19% 20% 16% 16% 16% 10% 14% 15% 14% 12% 13% 13% 12% 13% 10% 10% 10% 11% 11% 11% 11% 11% 11% 6% 0%

36 Over the last 12 months,* the economic situation in Georgia has:

Improved a lot Improved somewhat Stayed the same Worsened somewhat Worsened a lot Don't know/No answer

Apr-18 1%7% 27% 28% 35% 2% Mar-17 1%7% 21% 34% 36% 1% Mar-16 1% 6% 25% 31% 34% 3% Feb-15 7% 29% 33% 29% 2% Feb-14 1% 15% 52% 22% 7% 3% May-13 1% 26% 53% 12% 3% 5% Feb-13 1% 26% 58% 10% 1%4% Nov-12 1% 11% 78% 7% 1%2% Jul-12 2% 28% 47% 15% 5% 4% Mar-12 2% 26% 45% 17% 6% 4% Nov-11 2% 25% 42% 19% 8% 3% May-11 1% 19% 30% 32% 14% 3% Oct-10 1% 24% 27% 31% 13% 3% Mar-10 1% 20% 35% 27% 13% 3% Oct-09 2% 19% 34% 25% 15% 4% Jun-09 1%6% 20% 37% 34% 2% Feb-09 1% 8% 19% 37% 34% 2% Sep-08 3% 12% 20% 39% 23% 4% Feb-08 4% 20% 28% 30% 16% 2% Sep-07 1% 17% 27% 32% 22% 1% Feb-07 3% 34% 27% 22% 10% 3% Apr-06 2% 30% 28% 25% 11% 3% Oct-05 3% 34% 32% 18% 7% 5% Jun-05 5% 44% 33% 10% 4% 4% Oct-04 4% 40% 38% 10% 3% 5% 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100%

* In surveys before 2008, respondents were asked about the three months prior to the poll. 37 Over the last 12 months,* the financial situation of your household has: Improved a lot Improved somewhat Stayed the same Worsened somewhat Worsened a lot Don't know/No answer

Apr-18 7% 41% 22% 29% 1% Mar-17 1% 5% 37% 28% 28% 1% Mar-16 4% 41% 26% 29% Feb-15 4% 45% 28% 22% 1% Feb-14 8% 64% 20% 7% 1% May-13 1% 11% 70% 13% 4% 1% Feb-13 10% 76% 11% 2% 1% Nov-12 6% 83% 8% 1% 1% Jul-12 1% 9% 61% 21% 8% Mar-12 1% 9% 54% 23% 12% 1% Nov-11 1% 11% 53% 23% 11% 1% May-11 1% 9% 44% 29% 16% 1% Oct-10 1% 11% 42% 29% 16% 1% Mar-10 1% 9% 49% 24% 15% 2% Oct-09 1% 10% 48% 23% 16% 2% Jun-09 4% 38% 26% 31% 1% Feb-09 4% 33% 32% 30% 1% Sep-08 1% 6% 45% 28% 19% 1% Feb-08 1% 10% 48% 26% 15% 1% Sep-07 1%7% 46% 26% 20% Feb-07 1% 14% 49% 21% 13% 1% Apr-06 1% 14% 49% 22% 14% 1% Oct-05 1% 15% 57% 18% 8% 1% Jun-05 2% 21% 58% 12% 6% 1% Oct-04 1% 16% 61% 14% 6% 1% 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100% * In surveys before 2008, the question was about the previous three months. in surveys from 2008 to 2017 the question was about the previous two months. 38 Issues of Concern What are the main problems currently facing Georgia? (Three possible answers; spontaneous response)

First mention All mentions

Unemployment 40% 62% Economy 23% 49% Territorial integrity 10% 26% Social problems 3% 9% Crime 2% 8% Unqualified government 2% 4% Security 2% 3% Low Pensions 1% 7% Migration 1% 6% Healthcare 1% 5% Low salaries 1% 5% Education 1% 4% Russian aggression 1% 3% Internal policy 1% 3% 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 40 What are the main problems currently facing your town or village? (Three possible answers; spontaneous response)

First mention All mentions 26% Unemployment 38% 11% Roads 20% 7% Ecology 13% 6% Drinking water 13% 5% Economy 11% 5% Traffic 11% 3% Infrastructure 7% 3% Gas supply 6% 2% Stink bug infestations 4% 2% High cost of medications 4% 1% Outdoor lighting 5% 1% Social problems 4% 1% Public transport 3% 1% High utility rates 4% 1% Lack of entertainment places 3% 1% Agriculture 3% 1% Low salaries 3% 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 41 What are the main problems currently facing your household? (Three possible answers; spontaneous response)

First mention All mentions

Unemployment 27% 35%

Economy 19% 29%

Low salaries 8% 13%

Low pensions 5% 8%

High cost of medication 3% 9%

Health problems 3% 6%

Healthcare 3% 6%

Social problems 2% 4%

High bank interest rates 2% 4%

High utility rates 2% 8%

Poor living conditions 1% 3%

None 21% 21% 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 42 What concerns you most about the future of the country? (Three possible answers; spontaneous response)

First mention All mentions

Threat of war 22% 27% Permanent loss of territories 9% 12% Economy 7% 12% Russian aggression 6% 8% Migration 4% 9% Destabilization 3% 5% Crime 2% 5% Uncertain future 2% 3% Insecurity 2% 4% Civil confrontation 2% 4% Hunger 2% 3% Loss of national identity 2% 3% Nothing 25% 25% 0% 20% 40% 60% 43 Governance and Transparency In your opinion, how has the following issue changed in the last two years?

Improved Remained the same Deteriorated Don’t know/No answer

Corruption 5% 30% 55% 10%

Crime 4% 19% 73% 4%

0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100% 45 How would you evaluate your confidence in Georgia’s court system?

20%

25%

Completely confident

Somewhat confident

21% Somewhat not confident

Not at all confident

Don’t know/No answer

29%

46 Do think all Georgian citizens have equal access to justice in Georgia or not?

17%

18%

Definitely have

Somewhat have 25% Rather do not have

Definitely do not have

Don’t know/No answer 35%

47 Do you agree or disagree with the following statement: “The Central Election Commission (CESKO) performs its work in a trustworthy manner.”

Strongly agree Somewhat agree Somewhat disagree Strongly disagree Don’t know/No answer

Apr-18 9% 33% 21% 26% 11%

Mar-17 15% 35% 21% 14% 15%

Mar-16 15% 38% 16% 13% 18%

Feb-15 26% 43% 12% 6% 13%

0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100% 48 What is your perception of the level of impact of Civil Society Organizations (CSOs) in Georgia?

16%

26%

CSOs have impact on government policy CSOs have insufficient impact on government policy CSOs have no impact on government policy Don’t know/No answer

36% 22%

49 Have you heard of and/or used any of the new citizen engagement mechanisms introduced by national/local governments?

Have heard of, but not used Have both heard of and used Neither heard nor used Don’t know/No answer

iChange.gov.ge 6% 3% 72% 19% (e-petition portal)

Idea.tbilisi.gov.ge (Tbilisi City Hall 7% 2% 72% 20% portal)

0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100%

50 In your opinion, whose interests are most represented by the mayor in your municipality?

15% 21%

Interests of residents of the municipality

Central government authorities 10% His/her own group of supporters

His/her own political party

His/her own private interests

Don’t know/No answer

19% 23%

12%

51 Do you believe that people like you can influence decisions made in your municipality?

11% 21% 7%

Definitely not

Probably not

Probably yes

Definitely yes 24% Don’t know/No answer

37%

52 If there are two candidates running for office and they have the same qualifications aside from the fact that one is a man and one is a woman, which candidate are you more likely to support?

Man Woman Makes no difference to me Don’t know/No answer

Apr-18 28% 13% 57% 2%

Mar-17 25% 12% 60% 3%

Mar-16 31% 17% 50% 2%

Feb-15 32% 17% 48% 3%

0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100% 53 Do you support efforts to establish quotas for women’s representation in elected bodies, including the parliament and sakrebulos?

13% 29%

Very supportive Somewhat supportive Somewhat unsupportive Very unsupportive 16% Don't know/No answer

35%

54 When voting in the elections and selecting a Presidential candidate, you vote for:

15%

35% The candidate, who represents the party you support The candidate, even if they do not represent the party you support You take into consideration the candidate as well as the party Don’t know/No answer 32%

18%

55 Domestic Policy What are the three main accomplishments of the government? (Three possible answers; spontaneous response)

First mention All mentions 17% Healthcare 22% 9% Visa-free travel to the EU 15% 4% Improving freedom of speech 7% 3% Promoting peace among people 4% 2% Providing insurance 4% 2% Improving roads 3% 2% Providing free kindergartens 5% 1% Improving education 4% 1% Improving infrastructure 3% 1% Defeating United National Movement* 2% 1% Solving agricultural problems 2% 1% Free textbooks 3% 5% Other 15% 48% Nothing 48% 3% Don't know/No answer 3% 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% * United National Movement and former President Mikheil Saakashvili led the Georgian government from 2004-2012. 57 What are the three biggest failures of the government? (Three possible answers; spontaneous response)

First mention All mentions 19% Unfulfilled promises 24% 7% Economic deterioration 12% 7% Unemployment 12% 6% Increased utility costs 11% 5% Increased crime 10% 4% Increasing poverty 8% 4% Poor ecological situation 7% 4% Poor staff policy 6% 4% Creeping borderization* 5% 2% High costs of products 6% 2% Loss of trust 4% 2% Relations with Russia 4% 2% Cohabitation with United National Movement** 3% 2% Lack of care for the people 3% 1% Devaluation of Georgian Lari*** 5% 1% Low pensions 3% 1% Failure to restore justice 3% 1% Image of the country has been lost 3% 2% Other 14% 17% Nothing 17% 3% Don’t know/No answer 3% 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% * Creeping borderization is the Russian practice of gradually shifting the borders of occupied territories further into Georgian-controlled land. ** Cohabitation refers to the period of 2012-2013 when Georgian Dream controlled Parliament and UNM controlled the presidency. *** The Lari (GEL) is the Georgian currency. 58 How do you feel about the direction of each of the following issues during the past four years?

Progressed Neither good nor bad Regressed Don’t know/No answer

Freedom of speech 41% 35% 21% 3%

Media independence 34% 43% 18% 5%

Education 27% 37% 27% 9%

Democracy 26% 42% 26% 6%

Individual human rights 26% 41% 31% 2%

National security 14% 31% 46% 9%

Economy 5% 24% 68% 2%

0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100% 59 Are you aware of the new technical car inspection requirement?

18%

Yes

Don’t know/No answer

80%

60 If yes, do you support or oppose the inspections? (Those who are aware of inspection requirement: N=1,194)

4% 8%

9% Strongly support

Somewhat support

Somewhat oppose

Strongly oppose 55% Don’t know/No answer

24%

61 Have you heard of any efforts by the Georgian Government or Parliament to reform the justice system?

6% 13%

Yes

Don’t know/No answer

81%

62 If yes, please name the reform you have heard about. (Those who heard of reform efforts: N=82, spontaneous response)

Court system will be independent 20%

Drug policy will be reformed 14%

Judges will be elected for life 10%

Approaches to penitentiary system have been changed 8%

Judicial procedures have become electronic 3%

Can now make internet application 2%

Form of fighting crime has been changed 2%

Labor code has been changed 2%

Human rights are protected 2%

Budget assistance program was established 1%

Election of judges was introduced 1%

Don’t know/No answer 34%

0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100% 63 International Relations How would you characterize the current state of the relationship between Georgia and the following countries?

Good Neither good nor bad Bad Don’t know/No answer

European Union 90% 6% 2%2%

United States 88% 7% 3% 2%

Ukraine 83% 9% 6% 2%

Azerbaijan 82% 12% 2%4%

Turkey 75% 16% 6% 3%

Armenia 68% 20% 6% 6%

China 56% 25% 4% 14%

Iran 45% 30% 6% 19%

Russia 4% 7% 89%

0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100%

65 Which of these countries do you consider to be Georgia’s important political partners? Political threats? (Three answers possible for each) Political partners Political threats 90% 85%

80%

70%

60% 53% 53% 50%

40%

30% 22% 19% 20% 14% 12% 10% 9% 8% 8% 10% 5% 3% 4% 1% 1% 1% 2% 1% 1% 0%

66 Which of these countries do you consider to be Georgia’s important economic partners? Economic threats? (Three answers possible for each)

90% Economic partners Economic threats

80%

70% 68%

60%

50%

40% 37% 36%

30% 23% 22% 21% 18% 20% 15% 10% 11% 8% 10% 6% 4% 4% 3% 1% 2% 1% 1% 2% 0%

67 Do you agree or disagree that there has been Russian aggression toward Georgia since August 2008?

Agree

Disagree

Don't know/No answer

86%

68 Do you think that Russian aggression toward Georgia is over or is still going on? (Those who agree that there has been Russian aggression: N=1,284) It is over and unlikely to resume It is over but likely to resume It is still going on Don't know/No answer

Apr-18 3% 11% 84% 2% Mar-17 10% 23% 60% 7% Mar-16 9% 19% 67% 5% Feb-15 6% 21% 67% 6% Feb-14 7% 16% 71% 6% May-13 20% 18% 49% 13% Feb-13 19% 26% 44% 11% Nov-12 23% 19% 47% 11% Mar-12 4% 10% 78% 8% Nov-11 7% 17% 65% 11% May-11 3% 12% 72% 13% Oct-10 7% 18% 69% 6% Mar-10 5% 14% 74% 7% Oct-09 2% 11% 82% 5% Jun-09 2% 11% 82% 6% Feb-09 2% 10% 84% 4%

0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100%

* In April 2018, this question was only asked of those who agreed there is Russian aggression. In previous polls, it was asked of all respondents. 69 Given the current state of Georgia’s relationship with Russia, how secure do you feel living in Georgia?

Very secure More secure than not More insecure than secure Very insecure Don't know/No answer

Apr-18 11% 37% 36% 9% 7%

Mar-17 11% 47% 28% 9% 4%

Mar-16 12% 41% 32% 10% 5%

0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100%

70 Are you concerned about terrorist activity occurring in Georgia?

6% 4%

10%

Very concerned 40% Somewhat concerned

Somewhat unconcerned

Not at all concerned

Don’t know/No answer

40%

71 Political Parties Which of these political parties would you vote for if parliamentary elections were held next Sunday and these parties were participating? First choice Second choice

Georgian Dream 27% 2%

United National Movement 17% 5%

European Georgia 7% 7%

Labor Party 5% 4%

Patriotic Alliance 4% 5%

Democratic Movement - United Georgia 3% 3%

New Georgia 2%3%

Free Democrats 1%1%

Girchi - New Political Center 1% 1%

Other 0.5% 2%

None 19% 40%

Don't know/No answer 14% 27%

0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 73 Which political parties would you never vote for? (Multiple answers possible)

Georgian Dream 27%

United National Movement 24%

Democratic Movement - United Georgia 10%

Girchi - New Political Center 9%

Patriotic Alliance 9%

Labor Party 8%

European Georgia 8%

New Georgia 6%

Republicans 5%

Free Democrats 3%

None 12%

Don’t know/No answer 25%

0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50%

74 What is your opinion of the following Georgian politicians and other well-known individuals in Georgian society?

Favorable Unfavorable Have not heard the name Don’t know/No answer

David Bakradze (European GEO) 53% 40% 2%5% Giorgi Margvelashvili 52% 42% 1%5% Kakha Kaladze 50% 44% 2%4% Davit Sergeenko 49% 39% 5% 7% Giorgi Kvirikashvili 41% 52% 2%5% Shalva Natelashvili 34% 58% 3%5% Grigol Vashadze 32% 52% 8% 8% Nika Melia 31% 61% 3%5% Gigi Ugalava 30% 63% 2%5% Thea Tsulukiani 27% 65% 3%5% Irakli Kobakhidze 26% 61% 6% 7% David Usupashvili 24% 65% 4% 7% Nino Burjanadze 23% 73% 1% 3% Irma Inashvili 21% 71% 4%4% Giorgi Gakharia 18% 40% 29% 13% Davit Tarkhan-Mouravi 18% 72% 5% 5% Levan Varshalomidze 16% 56% 16% 12% Archil Talakvadze 12% 41% 33% 14% Mamuka Bakhtadze 9% 22% 55% 14% Gia Zhorzhorliani 7% 43% 34% 16% 0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100%

75 Residents of Tbilisi What are the three main problems that Tbilisi Mayor Kakha Kaladze needs to address? (Three answers possible; spontaneous response; residents of Tbilisi, N=453)

Illegal construction 34% Infrastructure 26% Jobs 23% Ecology 23% Public transport 21% Traffic jams 20% High utility costs 11% Social problems 10% City green spaces 9% Lack of professionalism 6% Inattention to people's needs 6% City cleaning 5% City planning 5% Parking 5% Low pensions 5% Gas supply 4% Urbanization 2% Economy 2% None 2% Other 22%

0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 77 What are the three major accomplishments of Tbilisi Mayor Kakha Kaladze’s first five months in office? (Three answers possible; spontaneous response; residents of Tbilisi, N=453) Cancelling the contract with C.T. Park* 11% Cleaning underground passages 9% Partial suspension of illegal construction 7% Citywide New Year decorations 3% Kept close contact with the people 3% Cleaning the city 3% Transparency of City Hall 2% Began renovating Old Tbilisi 2% Put public squares in order 2% Required minibuses to use established bus stops 2% Instituted new parking system 1% Purchased new buses 1% Put sport stadiums in order 1% Put building yards in order 1% Transparency of police 1% Other 10% Nothing 64% Don’t know/No answer 1%

0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70%

* C.T. Park was given the contract to run parking and ticketing in Tbilisi by former Mayor Gigi Ugulava of UNM. 78 What are the three major failures of Tbilisi Mayor Kakha Kaladze’s first five months in office? (Three answers possible; spontaneous response; residents of Tbilisi, N=453)

Does not take care of the people 7%

Unable to solve social problems 2%

Increased utility taxes 2%

Permitted ugly construction 2%

Tbilisi development plan was not accepted 1%

Unfulfilled promises 1%

He is inactive 1%

He is incompetent 1%

Other 7%

Nothing 79%

Don’t know/No answer 1%

0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100% 79 Are you aware of the proposed regulations on taxis? (Residents of Tbilisi: N=453)

26%

Yes

Don’t know/No answer

73%

80 If yes, do you approve or disapprove of the proposed regulations on taxis? (Those who are aware of the proposed regulation: N=329)

10%

Strongly approve

Somewhat approve 47% Somewhat disapprove 23% Strongly disapprove

Don’t know/No answer

14%

81 If approve, why do you approve of the proposed regulations? (Those approving of regulations: N=201; spontaneous response)

Safer travel 57% Fewer traffic jams 27% Fewer incompetent drivers 20% Taxi movement will be regulated 14% Tariffs will be regulated 12% Air pollution will decrease 8% Fewer old cars on the road 6% Fewer cars on the road 6% More comfortable travel 6% Employed drivers will pay taxes 2% Not just anyone can drive a taxi 2% Increased knowledge of driver health 2% Traffic will be more regulated 1% Fewer accidents 0.4% None 5% Don’t know/No answer 2%

0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70%

82 Sources of Information Is Georgian mass media free to express various political views or does the government control media content?

Totally free Somewhat free Not very free Not free at all Don’t know/No answer

Apr-18 17% 50% 19% 6% 8% Mar-17 18% 51% 20% 5% 6% Mar-16 23% 54% 13% 3% 6% Feb-15 30% 53% 7% 1% 9% Feb-14 29% 55% 7% 1% 8% May-13 22% 59% 7% 1% 10% Feb-13 27% 55% 8% 1% 9% Nov-12 17% 56% 14% 3% 10% Mar-12 14% 40% 21% 11% 14% Nov-11 14% 38% 25% 9% 14% May-11 16% 42% 19% 7% 16% Oct-10 13% 39% 22% 11% 15% Mar-10 11% 43% 22% 9% 15% Oct-09 15% 37% 23% 11% 14% Jun-09 10% 35% 25% 14% 15% Feb-09 14% 35% 26% 14% 11% Sep-08 13% 44% 24% 8% 11% Feb-08 10% 41% 28% 13% 7% Sep-07 13% 47% 28% 5% 7% Feb-07 22% 53% 14% 2% 9% Apr-06 17% 51% 20% 4% 8% Oct-05 20% 45% 16% 3% 16% 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100%

84 Why do you think that Georgian mass media is not free to express various political views? (Those who believe mass media is not free) Apr-18: N=380 Mar-17: N=368 Mar-16: N=248 Feb-15: N=125 Feb-14: N=312 73% 76% Government puts pressure on media 71% 41% 45% 10% 9% Media is corrupt 7% 15% 12% 4% 3% Media does not report bad news 10% 9% 13% 3% 1% Other 1% 2% 1% 10% 11% Don’t know/No answer 11% 33% 28% 0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100%

85 Which sources of information you use for information about the current international situation?

Georgian TV 90%

Georgian internet news sites 22%

Social media 11%

Georgian print media 7%

Russian TV stations 6%

Georgian radio stations 4%

Euronews TV 3%

Azerbaijan internet sites 2%

Russian internet sites 2%

Hard to answer 1%

Other 1%

0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100%

86 Which of these information channels do you trust most for information about the current international situation?

Georgian TV 77%

Georgian internet news sites 6%

Facebook 4%

Azerbaijan networks 1%

Russian TV stations 1%

Euronews TV 1%

Georgian print media 1%

Georgian radio stations 1%

Other 1%

None 7%

0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100%

87 Which Georgian TV stations do you watch regularly? (Multiple answers allowed)

Imedi TV 76%

Rustavi 2 72%

Public Broadcasting 20%

TV Pirveli 18%

Maestro 15%

GDS TV 14%

Obiekt TV 10%

Adjara 10%

Palitra TV 6%

Kavkasia 5%

Regional TV stations 2%

Georgian Channel 3%

None 9%

0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100%

88 Which TV news program do you watch most frequently? (Three answers possible)

First mentioned All mentioned 44% Kurier (Rustavi 2) 66% 34% Kronika (Imedi) 69% 3% Moambe (Public Broadcasting) 15% 2% Akhali Ambebi (Obiekt TV) 5% 2% News (TV Pirveli) 9% 1% Palitra news (Palitra TV) 5% 1% Kontakti (Maestro) 10% 1% Akhali Ambebi (Adjara) 6% 0% Other 4% 10% None 10% 1% Don’t know/No answer 1%

0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100% 89 Which Georgian TV station’s news and political information do you trust the most? (Three answers possible) First mentioned All mentioned 38% Rustavi 2 57% 31% Imedi TV 58% 3% Public Broadcasting 15% 2% Obiekt TV 5% 2% TV Pirveli 10% 1% Adjara 5% 1% Palitra TV 4% 1% Regional TV stations 1% 1% Kavkasia 3% 1% Maestro 8% 17% None 17% 2% Don’t know/No answer 2% 0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100% 90 Which TV news program do you trust the most? (Three answers possible)

First mentioned All mentioned

40% Kurier (Rustavi 2) 54% 29% Kronika (Imedi) 53% 2% Akhali Ambebi (Obiekt TV) 4% 2% News (TV Pirveli) 8% 2% Moambe (Public Broadcasting) 11% 2% Palitra news (Palitra TV) 4% 1% Kontakti (Maestro) 8% 1% Akhali Ambebi (Adjara) 6% 0% Other 3% 19% None 19% 4% Don’t know/No answer 4%

0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100% 91 Which TV talk show do you watch most frequently? (Three answers possible)

First mentioned All mentioned 33% Archevani (Rustavi 2) 46% 16% Imedis Kvira (Imedi) 36% 8% Pirispir (Imedi) 22% 4% Reaktsia (TV Pirveli) 11% 1% Ganskhvavebuli Aktsentebi (Rustavi 2) 10% 1% Kviris Interviu (Public Broadcast) 2% 1% Khalkhis Politika (TV Pirveli) 2% 1% Interaktivi (Obiekt TV) 2% 1% Pirvelebi (TV Pirveli) 2% 0.4% Proektsia (Adjara) 2% 0.3% Politmetri (TV Pirveli) 2% 0.1% Barieri (Kavkasia) 2% 2% Other 6% 31% None 31% 3% Don’t know/No answer 3% 0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100% 92 How many times per week do you access the internet?

Every day 5-6 times per week 3-4 times per week 1-2 times per week Less often Never Don't know/No answer Apr-18 45% 4% 5% 3%3% 39% Mar-17 42% 3% 5% 4% 3% 42% Mar-16 34% 4% 6% 3% 4% 49% Feb-15 31% 4% 5% 4%2% 55% Feb-14 27% 3% 5% 4% 4% 57% May-13 23% 3% 5% 4% 4% 61% Feb-13 26% 3% 4% 3% 6% 58% Nov-12 24% 3% 4% 5% 5% 59% Jul-12 21% 2%4% 5% 6% 63% Mar-12 21% 2%4% 4% 4% 65% Nov-11 18% 2%4% 3% 5% 68% May-11 18% 2%4% 5% 7% 62% 2% Oct-10 15% 2%4% 5% 6% 67% Mar-10 14% 2%3%3% 4% 74% Oct-09 12% 2%3%3% 6% 72% 1% Jun-09 11% 1%2%3% 5% 77% 1%

0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100%

93 Where do you access the internet? (Internet users)

Apr-18: N=913 Mar-17: N=866 Mar-16: N=766

92% Home 87% 82%

37% Mobile phone 26% 24%

18% Work 19% 20%

6% Friend's house 4% 4%

Other 1% 1%

Don’t know/No answer 2% 1%

0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100% 94 What internet sites do you visit most often for news? (Internet users: N=893)

Ambebi.ge 18%

Facebook.com 8%

News.ge 7%

Interpressnews.ge 5%

Google.com 3%

Imedinews.ge 2%

Imedi.ge 2%

Myvideo.ge 2%

Palitranews.ge 1%

Other 5%

None 19%

Don’t know/No answer 38%

0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100%

95 Which social media sites do you use most often? (Three answers possible; internet users)

Apr-18: N=913 Mar-17: N=866 Mar-16: N=766 86% Facebook 87% 83% 7% Odnoklassniki 16% 32% 3% Twitter 3% 4% 2% Vkontakte 1% 2% 2% Linkedin 1% 1% 9% None 7% 2% 3% Don’t know/No answer 3% 7%

0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100% 96 Demographics Demographics

Male 46%

Female 54% GENDER 18-29 21%

30-49 35% AGE 50+ 44% Georgian 91% Armenian 3%

Azeri 4% ETHNICITY Other 2% Incomplete secondary 2% Secondary 41% Vocational 20% EDUCATION Higher/Incomplete higher 37% Blue collar 7% Farmer 3% White collar 6% Executive 11% Retired 20%

Student 5% OCCUPATION Housewife 17% Unemployed 27% Self-employed 3%

0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100% 98 Demographics

Orthodox Christian 87%

Muslim 9%

Other 3% RELIGION

None 1%

Tbilisi 30%

Other town 27% TYPE

SETTLEMENT Rural area 43%

Tbilisi 30%

Kakheti 9%

Shida Kartli 7%

Kvemo Kartli 11%

Samtskhe-Javakheti 4%

Ajara

REGIONS 9%

Guria 3%

Samegrelo 9%

Imereti 16%

Mtskheta-Mtianeti 2%

0% 50% 100% 99 Center for Insights in Survey Research 202.408.9450 | [email protected] www.IRI.org | @IRI_Polls