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Home , Texas Revolution, Winfield Scott

Chapter 9 Section 4 Chapter 9 President Timeline

1828 1832 1836-1840 1844-1848 ______A. Jackson A. Jackson Martin *James K. Polk elected elected Van Buren Warm Up 11/15/2017 Why did the Texans revolt against the Mexican leader, Santa Anna? What was the result of the ? Chapter 9 Section 4: War With I. President James K. Polk A. Believed in “” B. Annexed Texas to the – 1845 1. Problem: Border between Texas and Mexico a. U.S.: Wanted River b. Mexico: Wanted the

C. Pres. Polk sent John Slidell to Mexico: 1. Purpose: a. Buy California b. Buy c. Rio Grande as Texas border 2. Result: a. Mexican officials refused to receive him D. Mexican War Began: 1846 1. Pres. Polk sent General to Rio Grande River with soldiers on Mexico’s side a. Mexico viewed as action against territorial rights b. U.S. split over military action: 1. North against – feared spread of slavery 2. South wanted to expand slavery 2. Mexico sent soldiers across Rio Grande a. Fighting began: 1846 1. Mexican soldiers killed 9 U.S. soldiers 2. Pres. Polk asked Congress for a declaration of war against Mexico because “American blood was spilled on American soil” 3. Many historians believe Pres. Polk provoked the war by sending troops to the Rio Grande. 4. Both the House of Rep and the Senate voted for war by large margins. 3. Kearny marched west: a. From to New Mexico b. Nickname “The Long Marcher” c. Led soldiers 800 miles (1600 men – 500 Mormon Battalion men with families) d. New Mexico fell to the United States without a shot being fired. e. Marched on to California.

4. Republic of California: 1846 a. Captain John C. Fremont: 1. Led a group of 500 U.S. settlers to explore California 2. When war began, settlers seized town of Sonoma 3. Hoisted bear flag and declared Republic of California 4. U.S. Navy captured Monterey, CA, and claimed CA for U.S. 5. War in Mexico: 1846-1847 a. General Zachary Taylor troops captured Monterey, Mexico. b. General Winfield Scott troops captured 1. , Mexico 2. , Mexico

6. Results: a. Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo: 1848 1. Rio Grande border of Texas 2. U.S. paid Mexico $15 million 3. Gained land called “Mexican Cession” - Enlarged U.S. by 1/3 Present-day states: a. California b. Nevada c. Utah d. New Mexico e. Most of AZ, parts of Wyoming, b. : 1853 1. $10 million for land between Phx and Tucson