Cac Membership Directory and Buyer's Guide

2021 CAC MEMBERSHIP DIRECTORY AND BUYER’S GUIDE ← TABLE OF CONTENTS 2 TABLE OF CONTENTS President’s Message...... 4

Executive Committee...... 5

Region Presidents...... 6

Committee Chairs & Foundation ...... 7

Staff/Consultants...... 8

2021 PAC Hall of Fame...... 9

Alphabetical Listing by Name ...... 10

Alphabetical Listing by City...... 20

Alphabetical Listing by County...... 31

Alphabetical Listing by Key Contact...... 40

Vendors by Company Name...... 50

Associate Members...... 52

Members’ Attorney Program...... 52

CAC Bill List CAC 2021 Legislative Conference. . . . . 53

State Assembly Representatives by Name...... 60

State Senate Representatives by Name ...... 65

Bylaws of the Association...... 68

Most Commonly Asked Questions...... 92

Impact of Third-Party Debt Collection...... 96

ACA International ...... 98

The Role of Third-Party Debt Collection...... 100

Overview of Organization Size & Employment. . . . . 106

← TABLE OF CONTENTS 3 PRESIDENT’S MESSAGE Welcome to the Annual CAC Member Directory that your association prepared as an exclusive member-only resource . The 2021 Membership Directory and Buyer’s Guide is the best place to find a comprehensive network of collection professionals that include third-party collection agencies, creditors, asset buyers, attorneys, and vendor associates . This directory is filled with valuable CAC member contact information this is arranged alphabetically as well as by city and key contact . You will also find an updated list of state Senators and Assembly Members along with their district and cities they represent as well as their contact information . If you find yourself needing to contact your State Legislators, it will be easy to do so by looking them up alphabetically . You will also find copy of the CAC Bylaws, in case you need to brush up on the regulations that guide the association . Finally, a new Operational Reference guide that includes the role of third-party debt collection in the U .S . Economy, an overview of organization size and employment in the collection industry, and most commonly asked questions . The Membership Directory and Buyer’s Guide is one of the new CAC member-only products that we will continue to bring you every year . You will want to keep this reference in a handy location where you can easily reach for it in a time of need . I hope you enjoy!

Cindy Yaklin CAC President

← TABLE OF CONTENTS 4 EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE Cindy Yaklin President States Recovery Systems, Inc . 2491 Sunrise Boulevard Rancho Cordova, CA 95670 916-631-7085 cindy yaklin@statesrecovery. .com

Chris Schumacher President-Elect/ CFO Optio Solutions, LLC, dba Qualia Collection Services PO Box 4699 Petaluma, CA 94955 800-360-2827 x 3401 chris@cross-check .com

TBD Vice President/Secretary

Kelly Parsons O’Brien Member-At-Large PO Box 150 Fairfield, CA 94533 707-432-2400 kelly@pacificcreditservices .com

Shawn Suhr Immediate Past President Continental Credit Control PO Box 30348 Santa Barbara, CA 93130 805-899-4431 shawn@contcred .com

← TABLE OF CONTENTS 5 REGION PRESIDENTS Region 1 & 2 Region 4 TBD Tonya Richardson California Business Bureau Region 3 PO Box 710340 Maryrose Diaz San Diego, CA 92171 Grant Mercantile Agency 858-492-1515 PO Box 658 trichardson@cbbinc .com Oakhurst, CA 93644 559-683-4651 Region 5 maryrose-gma@sti .net Joei Conwell Continental Credit Control PO Box 30348 Santa Barbara, CA 93130 805-301-8315 x 2570 joei@contcred .com

Member Representative Mike Cheek California Business Bureau PO Box 5010 Monrovia, CA 91017 626-303-1515 1 mcheek@cbbinc .com

3 5 4

← TABLE OF CONTENTS 6 COMMITTEE CHAIRS & FOUNDATION

Budget Committee Chris Schumacher chris@cross-check .com

Communications Committee TBD

Education Committee Chris Schumacher chris@cross-check .com

Legal & Legislative Committee Rodney Meeks rodney@e-ccsinc .com Matt Logan mmlogan@ccocinc .com

Legislative Council Kelly Parsons O’Brien kelly@pacificcreditservices .com Rodney Meeks rodney@e-ccsinc .com

Membership Committee Mike Cheek mcheek@cbbinc .com

Vendor Membership TBD

PAC Fund Committee Joei Conwell joei@contcred .com

Education Scholarship Foundation Shawn Suhr shawn@contcred .com

← TABLE OF CONTENTS 7 STAFF/ CONSULTANTS ASSOCIATION MANAGEMENT TEAM One Capitol Mall, Suite 800 Sacramento, CA 95814 Phone: 916-929-2125 Fax: 916-444-7462 cac@calcollectors .net

Kim Andosca Executive Director kandosca@amgroup .us

Kate Peyser Deputy Executive Director and CACESF Manager kpeyser@amgroup .us

Evan Wise Membership Specialist ewise@amgroup .us

Nito Goolan Accounting Manager ngoolan@amgroup .us

Meeting Manager Natalie Perry nperry@amgroup .us

CAC GENERAL COUNSEL Tom Griffin Hefner, Stark, and Marois Phone: 916-925-6620 tgriffin@hsmlaw .com

CAC LEGISLATIVE ADVOCATE Cliff Berg Governmental Advocates, Inc . Phone: 916-448-8240 cberg@govadv .com

← TABLE OF CONTENTS 8 2021 PAC HALL OF FAME

Allan Adler Rodney Meeks AWA Collections Credit Consulting Services, Inc . Larry Cassidy Northern CA Collection Kelly Parsons-O’Brien Service, Inc . Pacific Credit Services

Kris Davisson Hunter Quinn Financial Credit Continental Credit Network, Inc . Control Courtney Reynaud Shawn DeLuna Creditors Bureau USA Collection Bureau of America, LTD Chris Schumacher Optio Solutions, LLC, Maryrose Diaz dba Qualia Collection Grant Mercantile Services Agency, Inc . Shawn Suhr Linda Guinn Continental Credit CB Merchant Services Control

Matt Logan Chris Thompson Collection Consultants Herbert P Sears of California Company, INC

Thank you to everyone who contributed to the CAC Political Action (PAC) Fund during the legislative conference!

To make a contribution, click here.

← TABLE OF CONTENTS 9 Members: By Agency Name Name Agency By Members:

A.R.M. Solutions, Inc. — Alternative Recovery Management ALPHABETICAL LISTING BY NAME A.R.M. Solutions, Inc. Activate Financial, LLC PO Box 2929 10182 Telesis Court, Suite 300 Camarillo, CA 93011 San Diego, CA 92121 County: Ventura County: San Diego Contact: Brad Jadwin Contact: David Johnson Phone: 805-856-9031 x551 Phone: 858-432-5105 Email: [email protected] Email: [email protected] Advanced Call Center A.S.A.P Collections Services Technologies, LLC 331 Piercy Road 1235 Westlakes Drive, Suite 160 San Jose, CA 95138 Berwyn, PA 19312 County: Santa Clara County: Chester Contact: Beverlee Gordon Contact: Tammy McEwen Phone: 408-363-9600 x302 Phone: 928-314-9349 Email: [email protected] Email: [email protected]

Absolute Resolutions Alliance Credit Services, Inc. Corporation 4 Orinda Way Ste 180-C 591 Camino de la Reina, Ste 1219 Orinda, CA 94563 San Diego, CA 92108 County: Contra Costa County: San Diego Contact: Richard Segol Contact: Mark Naiman Phone: 925-791-1447 Phone: 800-713-0670 Email: [email protected] Email: [email protected] AllianceOne Receivables Management, Inc. dba Acclaim Credit Technologies AllianceOne, Inc. 227 N West Street 6160 Mission Gorge Road Visalia, CA 93291 San Diego, CA 92120 County: Tulare County: San Diego Contact: Bruce Tschannen Contact: Jason Koontz Phone: 559-741-7141 Phone: 877-541-8420 Email: [email protected] Email: [email protected]

Account Management Allied Collections Services of Services, Inc. California, LLC 6101 Ball Rd, Suite #207 9301 Oakdale Avenue #205 Cypress, CA 90630 Chatsworth, CA 91311 County: Orange County: Los Angeles Contact: Richard Moss Contact: Marc Bender Phone: 818-933-3373 Phone: 800-922-4704 Email: [email protected] Email: [email protected] Alternative Recovery

Action Professionals, Inc. Management PO Box 2600 7373 University Avenue, Suite 209 Paso Robles, CA 93447 La Mesa, CA 91942 County: San Luis Obispo County: San Diego Contact: Rick Minton Contact: Matt Gordon Phone: 805-239-3020 Phone: 619-469-6194 Email: [email protected] Email: [email protected]

← TABLE OF CONTENTS 10 Members: By Agency Name Name Agency By Members:

American Capital Enterprises, Inc. — California Business Bureau, Inc American Capital Bristol Point Financial, Inc. Enterprises, Inc. 300 Spectrum #400 41870 Kalmia Street, Suite 120 Irvine, CA 92618 Murrieta, CA 92562 County: Orange County: Riverside Contact: Syd Ballam Contact: Ronald Matheson Phone: 888-880-5668 Phone: 951-695-3372 Email: [email protected] Email: [email protected] Butte County Credit Bureau American Recovery Service, Inc. PO Box 7600 555 St Charles Drive Ste 100 Chico, CA 95927 Thousand Oaks, CA 91360 County: Butte County: Los Angeles Contact: Joe Selby Contact: Kimberly Trupiano Phone: 530-342-6721 Phone: 888-395-2774 Email: [email protected] Email: [email protected] Caine & Weiner Company, Inc. American Revenue 5805 Sepulveda Blvd, 4th Floor Management, Inc. Sherman Oaks, CA 91411 675 Hegenberger Rd Ste 233 County: Los Angeles Oakland, CA 94621 Contact: Greg Cohen County: Alameda Phone: 818-226-6000 Contact: Francesca Strucksberg Email: [email protected] Phone: 510-632-3366 Email: [email protected] California Accounts Service 9570 Cuyamaca St., #103 ARS National Services, Inc. Santee, CA 92071 PO Box 469046 San Diego Escondido, CA 92046 County: Carrie Nielsen County: San Diego Contact: Contact: Phillip Prince Phone: 619-444-6116 Phone: 888-888-7080 Email: [email protected] Email: [email protected] California Business Bureau - AWA Collections San Diego PO Box 6605 PO Box 710340 Orange, CA 92863 San Diego, CA 92171 County: Orange County: San Diego Contact: Marian Mapes Contact: Tonya Richardson Phone: 714-771-8323 Phone: 858-492-1515 Email: [email protected] Email: [email protected]

AXIS Financial Services, Inc. California Business Bureau, Inc PO Box 130280 PO Box 5010 Carlsbad, CA 92013 Monrovia, CA 91017 County: San Diego County: Los Angeles Contact: Margaret Eardley Contact: Mike Cheek Phone: 760-929-6680 x1117 Phone: 626-303-1515 Email: [email protected] Email: [email protected]

← TABLE OF CONTENTS 11 Members: By Agency Name Name Agency By Members:

Capital Collections, LLC — Conrad Credit Corporation Capital Collections, LLC Coastal Settlement PO Box 289 Recovery, Inc. Fresno, CA 93708 8583 Irvine Center Dr., #453 County: Fresno Irvine, CA 92618 Contact: Brad Jacobson County: Orange Phone: 559-485-2127 Contact: Deanna Andrews Email: [email protected] Phone: 877-416-0052 Email: [email protected] CB Merchant Services PO Box 209 Collectibles Management Stockton, CA 95201 Resources County: San Joaquin PO Box 8438 Contact: Linda Guinn Fresno, CA 93747 Phone: 209-944-9001 x112 County: Fresno Email: [email protected] Contact: Tracey Hauschel Phone: 559-454-8967 Cedars Business Services, LLC Email: [email protected] dba Cedar Financial 5230 Las Virgenes Road, Suite 210 Collection Bureau of America Calabasas, CA 91302 25954 Eden Landing Road Fl 1 County: Los Angeles Hayward, CA 94545 Contact: Amir Erez County: Alameda Phone: 818-224-3800 x5301 Contact: Shawn DeLuna Email: [email protected] Phone: 510-781-5128 Email: [email protected] Central Business Bureau PO Box 628 Collection Consultants Porterville, CA 93258 of California County: Tulare 6100 San Fernando Rd, Suite 211 Contact: Dennis Wright Glendale, CA 91201 Phone: 559-784-4093 County: Los Angeles Email: [email protected] Contact: Matt Logan Phone: 818-551-5600 Coachella Valley Email: [email protected] Collection Service PO Box 13621 Commercial Trade, Inc. Palm Desert, CA 92255 PO Box 10389 County: Riverside Bakersfield, CA 93389 Contact: Armando Fernandez County: Kern Phone: 760-346-7458 x229 Contact: Hal Ennis Email: [email protected] Phone: 661-632-2100 Email: [email protected] Coast to Coast Financial Solutions, Inc. Conrad Credit Corporation 101 Hodencamp Road Suite 120 PO Box 770 Thousand Oaks, CA 91360 Escondido, CA 92033 County: Los Angeles County: San Diego Contact: John Mastro Jr. Contact: Don Hodges Phone: 805-777-9270 x192 Phone: 760-735-5005 Email: [email protected] Email: [email protected]

← TABLE OF CONTENTS 12 Members: By Agency Name Name Agency By Members:

Continental Central Credit, Inc. — Designed Receivable Solutions, Inc. Continental Central Credit, Inc. Credit Consulting Services, Inc. PO Box 131120 PO Box 5879 Carlsbad, CA 92013 Salinas, CA 93915 County: San Diego County: Monterey Contact: Josh Marukelli Contact: Rodney Meeks Phone: 760-931-7799 Phone: 800-679-6888 Email: [email protected] Email: [email protected]

Continental Credit Control Creditors Adjustment PO Box 30348 Bureau, Inc. Santa Barbara, CA 93130 PO Box 5932 County: Santa Barbara Sherman Oaks, CA 91413 Contact: Shawn Suhr County: Los Angeles Phone: 805-899-4431 Contact: Brian Mitteldorf Email: [email protected] Phone: 818-990-4800 Email: [email protected] Continental Recovery & Filing

Solutions, Inc. Creditors Bureau USA PO Box 1389 PO Box 942 Simi Valley, CA 93062 Fresno, CA 93714 Ventura County: County: Fresno Contact: Anthony Terry Contact: Courtney Reynaud Phone: 805-823-8002 Phone: 559-485-7900 Email: [email protected] Email: [email protected] Creative Recovery Cypress Collections Concepts, Inc. PO Box 578 PO Box 2309 Salinas, CA 93902 Rancho Cucamanga, CA 91729 County: Monterey County: San Bernadino Maralee Hunsdorfer Contact: Phillip Smith Contact: Phone: 800-500-4345 Phone: 800-313-4773 Email: [email protected] Email: [email protected]

Credit Bureau of Data Ticket, Inc. Imperial County 2603 Main Street, Suite 300 PO Box 970 Irvine, CA 92614 El Centro, CA 92244 County: Orange County: Imperial Contact: Marjorie Fleming Contact: Rosalva Caro Phone: 949-752-6937 Phone: 760-353-1144 Email: [email protected] Email: [email protected] Designed Receivable Credit Bureau Services, Inc. Solutions, Inc. PO Box 10129 1 Centerpointe Drive Suite 450 Napa, CA 94581 La Palma, CA 90623 County: Napa County: Orange Contact: Jack Dubois Contact: Dan Eder Phone: 707-253-9990 Phone: 714-735-3040 Email: [email protected] Email: [email protected]

← TABLE OF CONTENTS 13 Members: By Agency Name Name Agency By Members:

Duvera Billing Services dba EasyPay Finance — Guaranty Collection Company Duvera Billing Services dba Gone Inc. EasyPay Finance 627 13th Street #F 3220 Executive Ridge, Suite 200 Modesto, CA 95354 Vista, CA 92081 County: Stanislaus County: San Diego Contact: Christian Hurst Contact: April Thompson Phone: 209-576-2526 Phone: 760-602-5000 Email: [email protected] Email: [email protected] Grant & Weber Fedchex Recovery, LLC 26610 Agoura Road, Suite 209 27042 Towne Centre Dr, Suite 150 Calabasas, CA 91302 Foothill Ranch, CA 92610 County: Los Angeles County: Orange Contact: Kim Mehr Contact: Christi Flanigan Phone: 800-333-1656 Phone: 949-440-4600 Email: [email protected] Email: [email protected]

Fidelity Capital Holdings, Inc. Grant Mercantile Agency dba Fidelity Creditor Service PO Box 658 PO Box 3963 Oakhurst, CA 93644 Glendale, CA 91201 County: Madera County: Ventura Contact: Maryrose Diaz Contact: Clinton Sallee Phone: 559-683-4651 Phone: 818-502-1981 x212 Email: [email protected] Email: [email protected] Grant Mercantile Agency, Inc. Financial Credit Network, 2585 E Perrin, #105 Inc. - Visalia Fresno, CA 93720 PO Box 3084 County: Fresno Visalia, CA 93278 Contact: Maryrose Diaz County: Tulare Phone: 800-821-7530 Contact: Kris Davisson Email: [email protected] Phone: 559-733-7550 Email: [email protected] Greater California Financial Services Financial Recovery Services/ 4301 Secondwind Way

TFC Credit Corp Paso Robles, CA 93446 PO Box 1246 County: San Luis Obispo San Ramon, CA 94583 Contact: Nancy Edrington County: Contra Costa Contact: Stephen Breitbart Phone: 805-237-2040 Phone: 925-498-2426 Email: [email protected]

GC Services Limited Guaranty Collection Company Partnership - San Diego 4505 Las Virgenes Road, Suite 206 6330 Gulfton Calabasas, CA 91302 Houston, TX 77081 County: Los Angeles County: Harris Contact: Craig Nathan Phone: 858-577-2330 Phone: 818-880-2122 Email: [email protected] Email: [email protected]

← TABLE OF CONTENTS 14 Members: By Agency Name Name Agency By Members:

Healthcare Revenue Recovery Group, LLC — Kings Credit Service Healthcare Revenue Recovery Investment Retrievers, Inc. Group, LLC PO Box 4733 16974 S Harlan Rd El Dorado Hills, CA 95762 Lathrop, CA 95330 County: El Dorado County: San Joaquin Contact: James Kiley Contact: Karl Hillard Phone: 916-941-8851 Phone: 209-858-2299 Email: [email protected] Email: [email protected] Johnson & Rountree Herbert P Sears Company, Premium, Inc. Inc.,Dba: HP Sears 2000 18th Street PO Box 2625 Bakersfield, CA 93301 Del Mar, CA 92014 County: Kern County: San Diego Contact: Chris Thompson Contact: Nicole Alvarado Phone: 661-283-0228 Phone: 858-259-5846 x208 Email: [email protected] Email: [email protected]

High Desert Creditors Service Jonathan Neil & Associates, Inc. 14608 Main St Suite B PO Box 7000 Hesperia, CA 92345 Tarzana, CA 91357 County: San Bernadino County: Los Angeles Contact: David Cerna Contact: Dean Cimino Phone: 760-949-4133 Phone: 818-705-3770 Email: [email protected] Email: [email protected] Hunt & Henriques Attorneys K. B. R. Inc. dba Rash Curtis At Law 7017 Realm Drive & Associates San Jose, CA 95119 PO Box 5790 County: Santa Clara Vacaville, CA 95696 Contact: Michael Hunt County: Solano Phone: 408-362-2279 Contact: Terrence Paff Email: [email protected] Phone: 707-454-2000 Email: [email protected] International Collection Corporation Kimball, Tirey & St. John PO Box 86880 7676 Hazard Center Drive Ste 900-C Los Angeles, CA 90086 San Diego, CA 92108 County: Los Angeles County: San Diego Contact: Chuck Hendrickson Contact: Patrick O’Laughlin 213-483-9999 Phone: Phone: 619-234-1770 Email: [email protected] Email: [email protected] International Quality

Collections, LLC Kings Credit Service 201 E. Sandpointe Avenue, Suite 230 PO Box 950 Santa Ana, CA 92707 Hanford, CA 93232 County: Orange County: Fresno Contact: David Coltman Contact: Vicki Callahan Phone: 949-200-7098 Phone: 805-461-0918 Email: [email protected] Email: [email protected]

← TABLE OF CONTENTS 15 Members: By Agency Name Name Agency By Members:

Landmark Collection Services, Inc. — Northern Credit Service Landmark Collection Mezzetti Financial Services, Inc. Services, Inc. PO Box 59595 1647 Willow Pass Rd, #246 San Jose, CA 95159 Concord, CA 94520 County: Santa Clara County: Contra Costa Contact: Jose Mezzetti Contact: Mark Cox Phone: 408-280-6643 Phone: 925-435-5138 Email: [email protected] Email: [email protected] Michael & Associates Lien Enforcement, Inc. 555 St Charles Drive, Suite 204 PO Box 1010 Thousand Oaks, CA 91360 Norristown, PA 19404 County: Ventura County: Alameda Contact: Lina Michael Contact: Keith Baker Phone: 805-379-8505 Phone: 215-798-3611 Email: [email protected] Email: [email protected] Mnet Financial, Inc. Linebarger Goggan Blair & 95 Argonaut Ste 250 Sampson, LLP Aliso Viejo, CA 92656 2700 Via Fortuna Dr, #500 Terrace II County: Orange Austin, TX 78746 Contact: Julia Hamilton County: San Diego Phone: 949-900-6126 Contact: Helen Dey Valdez Email: [email protected] Phone: 619-323-1300 Email: [email protected] Monterey Financial Services, LLC M. Leonard & Associates 4095 Avenida De La Plata PO Box 2339 Oceanside, CA 92056 Van Nuys, CA 91404 County: San Diego County: Los Angeles Contact: Dustin Chung Contact: Claudia Nuno Phone: 760-639-3562 Phone: 818-908-8500 Email: [email protected] Email: [email protected] Northern CA Collection MCT Group Service, Inc. PO Box 7748 PO Box 13765 Torrance, CA 90504 Sacramento, CA 95853 County: Los Angeles County: Sacramento Contact: Philip McFall Contact: Larry Cassidy Phone: 800-622-2242 Phone: 916-929-7811 Email: [email protected] Email: [email protected]

Meyer, Christian & Associates Northern Credit Service 15151 Springdale Street PO Box 820 Huntington Beach, CA 92649 Yreka, CA 91097 County: Orange County: Siskiyou Contact: Christian Kassoff Contact: Kent Pederson Phone: 714-902-2050 Phone: 530-842-4710 Email: [email protected] Email: [email protected]

← TABLE OF CONTENTS 16 Members: By Agency Name Name Agency By Members:

On-Site Associates, LLC — Recovery Resources, Inc. On-Site Associates, LLC Persolve, LLC 505 Montgomery Street, 11th Floor 9301 Corbin Ave Unit 1600 San Francisco, CA 94111 Northridge, CA 91324 County: San Francisco County: Los Angeles Contact: George Abodeely Contact: Martha Melton Phone: 415-922-3090 Phone: 818-534-3100 Email: [email protected] Email: [email protected]

Optio Solutions, LLC, dba Pinnacle Recovery, Inc. Qualia Collection Services 2774 Gateway Rd PO Box 4699 Carlsbad, CA 92009 Petaluma, CA 94955 County: San Diego County: Sonoma Contact: Margaret Eardley Contact: Chris Schumacher Phone: 760-929-6685 x1110 Phone: 800-360-2827 x3401 Email: [email protected] Email: [email protected] PMGI, LLC Pacific Credit Exchange 8581 Santa Monica Blvd #17 15760 Ventura Blvd Ste A-11 Los Angeles, CA 90069 Encino, CA 91436 County: Los Angeles County: Los Angeles Contact: Aaron Griffith Contact: Jim Schaffer Phone: 323-297-2100 Phone: 818-995-8424 Email: [email protected] Email: [email protected] Poser Investments, Inc. Pacific Credit Services PO Box 850 PO Box 150 Sierra Madre, CA 91025 Fairfield, CA 94533 County: Los Angeles County: Solano Contact: Walter Poser Contact: Kelly Parsons-O’Brien Phone: 626-355-7100 x107 Phone: 707-429-3211 Email: [email protected] Email: [email protected] Progressive Management Pacific Point Services, LLC Systems 1131 W Sixth St, Suite 260 1521 W Cameron Ave First Floor Onatrio, CA 91762 West Covina, CA 91790 County: San Bernardino County: Los Angeles Contact: Leslie Brown Contact: Tim Banta Phone: 909-673-7790 Phone: 800-258-7482 x6145 Email: [email protected] Email: [email protected]

Performant Recovery, Inc. Recovery Resources, Inc. 333 N. Canyon Pkwy., Suite 100 PO Box 1347 Livermore, CA 94551 Alameda, CA 94501 County: Alameda County: Alameda Contact: Dennis Christie Contact: Thomas Mickelic Phone: 209-858-3850 Phone: 510-569-0755 Email: [email protected] Email: [email protected]

← TABLE OF CONTENTS 17 Members: By Agency Name Name Agency By Members:

Resort Recovery Solutions, LLC — The E&A Group Resort Recovery Solutions, LLC States Recovery Systems, Inc. 8775 Aero Drive, Suite 335 2491 Sunrise Boulevard San Diego, CA 92123 Rancho Cordova, CA 95670 County: San Diego County: Sacramento Contact: Dave Danneberg Contact: Cindy Yaklin Phone: 858-784-3500 Phone: 916-631-7085 Email: [email protected] Email: [email protected]

Sacor Financial, Inc. Statewide Collection, Inc. 1911 Douglas Blvd #85-205 589 East Ave Roseville, CA 95661 Chico, CA 95926 County: Placer County: Butte Contact: Michael Sahlbach Contact: Troy Wilkinson Phone: 877-714-2280 Phone: 530-343-3792 Email: [email protected] Email: [email protected]

Sequoia Concepts, Inc. Superlative RM 28632 Roadside Drive, Suite 110 9355 East Stockton Blvd #210 Agora Hills, CA 91301 Elk Grove, CA 95624 Los Angeles County: County: Sacramento Contact: ROY DUPLESSIS Contact: Ross Konkel Phone: 818-409-6000 Phone: 916-478-6744 Email: [email protected] Email: [email protected] Sierra Receivables Tavelli Co. DBA Tavco Management, Inc.

PO Box 494070 Credit Services PO Box 9340 Redding, CA 96049 Santa Rosa, CA 95405 County: Shasta Sonoma Contact: Nannette Jones County: Phone: 530-224-1360 Contact: Robert Tavelli Email: [email protected] Phone: 707-509-5565 Email: [email protected] Sonoma County Credit Services PO Box 1040 The Best Service Co., Inc. Santa Clara, CA 95052 PO Box 45405 County: Santa Clara Los Angeles, CA 90045 Contact: Miriam Sanchez County: Los Angeles Phone: 707-528-6363 Contact: Todd Shields Email: [email protected] Phone: 310-477-0471 Email: [email protected] Southwest Collection Service, Inc. The E&A Group PO Box 6349 PO Box 5070 Orange, CA 92863 Laguna Beach, CA 92652 County: Orange County: Orange Contact: Jay Aston Contact: Stephen Ernst Phone: 714-532-6651 Phone: 800-941-1999 Email: [email protected] Email: [email protected]

← TABLE OF CONTENTS 18 Members: By Agency Name Name Agency By Members:

The National Collection Agency, Inc. — Yes Online Inc, dba Dynamic Legal Recovery The National Collection United Legal Group & Credit Agency, Inc. Collection Bureau 1250 Pine Street, Suite 303 495 E Rincon Street #209 Walnut Creek, CA 94596 Corona, CA 92879 County: Contra Costa County: Riverside Contact: Matt Keeperman Contact: Mark Hakim Phone: 925-631-7716 Phone: 877-367-1737 Email: [email protected] Email: [email protected]

Trojan Professional USCB America Services, Inc. 355 W. Grand Avenue, Suite 3200, Box 306 PO Box 1297 Los Angeles, CA 90071 Los Alamitos, CA 90720 County: Los Angeles County: Orange Contact: Albert Cadena Contact: Christine Lyons Phone: 213-674-8975 Phone: 714-886-1321 Email: [email protected] Email: [email protected] Westlake Portfolio

TrueAccord Corp Management, LLC 4571 Wilshire Blvd 303 Second Street, Suite 750 South Los Angeles, CA 90010 San Francisco, CA 94107 County: Los Angeles County: San Francisco Contact: Edit Alexandryan Ohad Samet Contact: Phone: 323-900-2445 Phone: 866-611-2731 Email: [email protected] Email: [email protected] Westside Recovery TSC Accounts Receivable Services, LLC Solutions 4444 W Riverside Drive #300 3900 S Stonebridge Dr, #701 Burbank, CA 91505 McKinney, TX 75070 County: Los Angeles County: Collin Contact: Leonard Gilbert Contact: Michael Sherman Phone: 818-859-7966 Phone: 760-444-5526 Email: [email protected] Email: [email protected] Yes Online Inc, dba Dynamic United Financial Service Legal Recovery 333 Washington Blvd Unit 153 29248 Black Pine Way Marina Del Rey, CA 90292 Santa Clarita, CA 91390 County: Los Angeles County: Los Angeles Contact: Bob Solloway Contact: Terry Taylor Phone: 310-434-0152 x105 Phone: 877-777-7564 Email: [email protected] Email: [email protected]

← TABLE OF CONTENTS 19 Agora Hills — Calabasas ALPHABETICAL LISTING BY CITY AGORA HILLS Herbert P Sears Company, Inc.,Dba: HP Sears Sequoia Concepts, Inc. 2000 18th Street 28632 Roadside Drive, Suite 110 Bakersfield, CA 93301

Agora Hills, CA 91301 County: Kern City By Members: County: Los Angeles Contact: Chris Thompson Contact: Roy Duplessis Phone: 661-283-0228 Email: [email protected] Phone: 818-409-6000 Email: [email protected] BERWYN Advanced Call Center ALAMEDA Technologies, LLC Recovery Resources, Inc. 1235 Westlakes Drive, Suite 160 PO Box 1347 Berwyn, PA 19312 County: Chester Alameda, CA 94501 Contact: Tammy McEwen County: Alameda Phone: 928-314-9349 Contact: Thomas Mickelic Email: [email protected] Phone: 510-569-0755 BURBANK Email: [email protected] Westside Recovery ALISO VIEJO Services, LLC 4444 W Riverside Drive #300 Mnet Financial, Inc. Burbank, CA 91505 95 Argonaut Ste 250 County: Los Angeles Aliso Viejo, CA 92656 Contact: Leonard Gilbert County: Orange Phone: 818-859-7966 Contact: Julia Hamilton Email: [email protected] Phone: 949-900-6126 CALABASAS Email: [email protected] Cedars Business Services, LLC dba Cedar Financial AUSTIN 5230 Las Virgenes Road, Suite 210 Linebarger Goggan Blair & Calabasas, CA 91302 Sampson, LLP County: Los Angeles Contact: Amir Erez 2700 Via Fortuna Dr, #500 Terrace II Phone: 818-224-3800 x5301 Austin, TX 78746 Email: [email protected] County: San Diego Grant & Weber Contact: Helen Dey Valdez 26610 Agoura Road, Suite 209 Phone: 619-323-1300 Calabasas, CA 91302 Email: [email protected] County: Los Angeles Contact: Kim Mehr BAKERSFIELD Phone: 800-333-1656 Commercial Trade, Inc. Email: [email protected] PO Box 10389 Guaranty Collection Company Bakersfield, CA 93389 4505 Las Virgenes Road, Suite 206 County: Kern Calabasas, CA 91302 County: Los Angeles Contact: Hal Ennis Contact: Craig Nathan Phone: 661-632-2100 Phone: 818-880-2122 Email: [email protected] Email: [email protected]

← TABLE OF CONTENTS 20 Camarillo — Del Mar CAMARILLO Statewide Collection, Inc. A.R.M. Solutions, Inc. 589 East Ave PO Box 2929 Chico, CA 95926 Camarillo, CA 93011 County: Butte County: Ventura Contact: Troy Wilkinson Contact: Brad Jadwin Phone: 530-343-3792 Members: By City City By Members: Phone: 805-856-9031 x551 Email: [email protected] Email: [email protected] CONCORD CARLSBAD Landmark Collection AXIS Financial Services, Inc.

PO Box 130280 Services, Inc. Carlsbad, CA 92013 1647 Willow Pass Rd, #246 County: San Diego Concord, CA 94520 Contact: Margaret Eardley County: Contra Costa Phone: 760-929-6680 x1117 Contact: Mark Cox Email: [email protected] Phone: 925-435-5138 Continental Central Credit, Inc. Email: [email protected] PO Box 131120 CORONA Carlsbad, CA 92013 County: San Diego United Legal Group & Credit Contact: Josh Marukelli Collection Bureau Phone: 760-931-7799 495 E Rincon Street #209 Email: [email protected] Corona, CA 92879 Pinnacle Recovery, Inc. County: Riverside 2774 Gateway Rd Contact: Mark Hakim Carlsbad, CA 92009 Phone: 877-367-1737 County: San Diego Email: [email protected] Contact: Margaret Eardley Phone: 760-929-6685 x1110 CYPRESS Email: [email protected] Account Management CHATSWORTH Services, Inc. 6101 Ball Rd, Suite #207 Allied Collections Services of Cypress, CA 90630 California, LLC 9301 Oakdale Avenue #205 County: Orange Chatsworth, CA 91311 Contact: Richard Moss County: Los Angeles Phone: 800-922-4704 Contact: Marc Bender Email: [email protected] Phone: 818-933-3373 Email: [email protected] DEL MAR CHICO Johnson & Rountree Premium, Inc.

Butte County Credit Bureau PO Box 2625 PO Box 7600 Chico, CA 95927 Del Mar, CA 92014 County: Butte County: San Diego Contact: Joe Selby Contact: Nicole Alvarado Phone: 530-342-6721 Phone: 858-259-5846 x208 Email: [email protected] Email: [email protected]

← TABLE OF CONTENTS 21 El Centro — Fresno EL CENTRO FAIRFIELD Credit Bureau of Pacific Credit Services Imperial County PO Box 150 PO Box 970 Fairfield, CA 94533 El Centro, CA 92244 County: Solano County: Imperial Contact: Kelly Parsons-O’Brien Members: By City City By Members: Contact: Rosalva Caro Phone: 707-429-3211 760-353-1144 Phone: Email: [email protected] Email: [email protected] FOOTHILL RANCH EL DORADO HILLS

Investment Retrievers, Inc. Fedchex Recovery, LLC PO Box 4733 27042 Towne Centre Dr, Suite 150 El Dorado Hills, CA 95762 Foothill Ranch, CA 92610 County: El Dorado County: Orange Contact: James Kiley Contact: Christi Flanigan Phone: 916-941-8851 Phone: 949-440-4600 Email: [email protected] Email: [email protected] ELK GROVE FRESNO Superlative RM Capital Collections, LLC 9355 East Stockton Blvd #210 PO Box 289 Elk Grove, CA 95624 Fresno, CA 93708 County: Sacramento County: Fresno Contact: Ross Konkel Contact: Brad Jacobson Phone: 916-478-6744 Phone: 559-485-2127 Email: [email protected] Email: [email protected] ENCINO Collectibles Management Pacific Credit Exchange Resources 15760 Ventura Blvd Ste A-11 PO Box 8438 Encino, CA 91436 Fresno, CA 93747 County: Los Angeles County: Fresno Contact: Jim Schaffer Contact: Tracey Hauschel Phone: 818-995-8424 Phone: 559-454-8967 Email: [email protected] Email: [email protected] ESCONDIDO Creditors Bureau USA ARS National Services, Inc. PO Box 942 PO Box 469046 Fresno, CA 93714 Escondido, CA 92046 County: Fresno County: San Diego Contact: Courtney Reynaud Contact: Phillip Prince Phone: 559-485-7900 Phone: 888-888-7080 Email: [email protected] Email: [email protected]

Conrad Credit Corporation Grant Mercantile Agency, Inc. PO Box 770 2585 E Perrin, #105 Escondido, CA 92033 Fresno, CA 93720 County: San Diego County: Fresno Contact: Don Hodges Contact: Maryrose Diaz Phone: 760-735-5005 Phone: 800-821-7530 Email: [email protected] Email: [email protected]

← TABLE OF CONTENTS 22 Glendale — La Palma GLENDALE HUNTINGTON BEACH Collection Consultants Meyer, Christian & Associates of California 15151 Springdale Street 6100 San Fernando Rd, Suite 211 Huntington Beach, CA 92649 Glendale, CA 91201 County: Orange County: Los Angeles Contact: Christian Kassoff

Contact: Matt Logan Phone: 714-902-2050 City By Members: Phone: 818-551-5600 Email: [email protected] Email: [email protected] IRVINE Fidelity Capital Holdings, Inc. Data Ticket, Inc. dba Fidelity Creditor Service 2603 Main Street, Suite 300 PO Box 3963 Irvine, CA 92614 Glendale, CA 91201 County: Orange County: Ventura Contact: Marjorie Fleming Contact: Clinton Sallee Phone: 949-752-6937 Phone: 818-502-1981 x212 Email: [email protected] Email: [email protected] Bristol Point Financial, Inc. HANFORD 300 Spectrum #400 Kings Credit Service Irvine, CA 92618 PO Box 950 County: Orange Hanford, CA 93232 Contact: Syd Ballam County: Fresno Phone: 888-880-5668 Contact: Vicki Callahan Email: [email protected] Phone: 805-461-0918 Email: [email protected] Coastal Settlement Recovery, Inc. HAYWARD 8583 Irvine Center Dr., #453 Collection Bureau of America Irvine, CA 92618 25954 Eden Landing Road Fl 1 County: Orange Hayward, CA 94545 Contact: Deanna Andrews County: Alameda Phone: 877-416-0052 Contact: Shawn DeLuna Email: [email protected] Phone: 510-781-5128 LA MESA Email: [email protected] Alternative Recovery HESPERIA Management High Desert Creditors Service 7373 University Avenue, Suite 209 14608 Main St Suite B La Mesa, CA 91942 Hesperia, CA 92345 County: San Diego County: San Bernadino Contact: Matt Gordon Contact: David Cerna Phone: 619-469-6194 Phone: 760-949-4133 Email: [email protected] Email: [email protected] LA PALMA HOUSTON Designed Receivable GC Services Limited Solutions, Inc. Partnership - San Diego 1 Centerpointe Drive Suite 450 6330 Gulfton La Palma, CA 90623 Houston, TX 77081 County: Orange County: Harris Contact: Dan Eder Phone: 858-577-2330 Phone: 714-735-3040 Email: [email protected] Email: [email protected]

← TABLE OF CONTENTS 23 Laguna Beach — Modesto LAGUNA BEACH The Best Service Co., Inc. The E&A Group PO Box 45405 PO Box 5070 Los Angeles, CA 90045 Laguna Beach, CA 92652 County: Los Angeles County: Orange Contact: Todd Shields Contact: Stephen Ernst Phone: 310-477-0471

Phone: 800-941-1999 Email: [email protected] City By Members: Email: [email protected] USCB America LATHROP 355 W. Grand Avenue, Suite 3200, Box 306 Healthcare Revenue Recovery Los Angeles, CA 90071 Group, LLC County: Los Angeles 16974 S Harlan Rd Contact: Albert Cadena Lathrop, CA 95330 Phone: 213-674-8975 County: San Joaquin Email: [email protected] Contact: Karl Hillard Phone: 209-858-2299 Westlake Portfolio Email: [email protected] Management, LLC 4571 Wilshire Blvd LIVERMORE Los Angeles, CA 90010 Performant Recovery, Inc. County: Los Angeles 333 N. Canyon Pkwy., Suite 100 Contact: Edit Alexandryan Livermore, CA 94551 Phone: 323-900-2445 County: Alameda Email: [email protected] Contact: Dennis Christie Phone: 209-858-3850 MARINA DEL REY Email: [email protected] United Financial Service LOS ALAMITOS 333 Washington Blvd Unit 153 Trojan Professional Marina Del Rey, CA 90292 Services, Inc. County: Los Angeles PO Box 1297 Contact: Bob Solloway Los Alamitos, CA 90720 Phone: 310-434-0152 x105 County: Orange Email: [email protected] Contact: Christine Lyons Phone: 714-886-1321 MCKINNEY Email: [email protected] TSC Accounts Receivable LOS ANGELES Solutions 3900 S Stonebridge Dr, #701 International Collection McKinney, TX 75070 Corporation PO Box 86880 County: Collin Los Angeles, CA 90086 Contact: Michael Sherman County: Los Angeles Phone: 760-444-5526 Contact: Chuck Hendrickson Email: [email protected] Phone: 213-483-9999 MODESTO Email: [email protected] Gone Inc. PMGI, LLC 8581 Santa Monica Blvd #17 627 13th Street #F Los Angeles, CA 90069 Modesto, CA 95354 County: Los Angeles County: Stanislaus Contact: Aaron Griffith Contact: Christian Hurst Phone: 323-297-2100 Phone: 209-576-2526 Email: [email protected] Email: [email protected]

← TABLE OF CONTENTS 24 Monrovia — Orinda MONROVIA OAKLAND California Business Bureau, Inc American Revenue PO Box 5010 Management, Inc. Monrovia, CA 91017 675 Hegenberger Rd Ste 233 County: Los Angeles Oakland, CA 94621 Contact: Mike Cheek County: Alameda

Phone: 626-303-1515 Contact: Francesca Strucksberg City By Members: Email: [email protected] Phone: 510-632-3366 Email: [email protected] MURRIETA OCEANSIDE American Capital Enterprises, Inc. Monterey Financial 41870 Kalmia Street, Suite 120 Services, LLC Murrieta, CA 92562 4095 Avenida De La Plata County: Riverside Oceanside, CA 92056 Contact: Ronald Matheson County: San Diego Phone: 951-695-3372 Contact: Dustin Chung Email: [email protected] Phone: 760-639-3562 Email: [email protected] NAPA ONATRIO Credit Bureau Services, Inc. PO Box 10129 Pacific Point Services, LLC Napa, CA 94581 1131 W Sixth St, Suite 260 County: Napa Onatrio, CA 91762 Contact: Jack Dubois County: San Bernardino Phone: 707-253-9990 Contact: Leslie Brown Email: [email protected] Phone: 909-673-7790 Email: [email protected] NORRISTOWN ORANGE Lien Enforcement, Inc. PO Box 1010 AWA Collections Norristown, PA 19404 PO Box 6605 County: Alameda Orange, CA 92863 Contact: Keith Baker County: Orange Phone: 215-798-3611 Contact: Marian Mapes Email: [email protected] Phone: 714-771-8323 Email: [email protected] NORTHRIDGE Southwest Collection Persolve, LLC Service, Inc. 9301 Corbin Ave Unit 1600 PO Box 6349 Northridge, CA 91324 Orange, CA 92863 County: Los Angeles County: Orange Contact: Martha Melton Contact: Jay Aston Phone: 818-534-3100 Phone: 714-532-6651 Email: [email protected] Email: [email protected] OAKHURST ORINDA Grant Mercantile Agency Alliance Credit Services, Inc. PO Box 658 4 Orinda Way Ste 180-C Oakhurst, CA 93644 Orinda, CA 94563 County: Madera County: Contra Costa Contact: Maryrose Diaz Contact: Richard Segol Phone: 559-683-4651 Phone: 925-791-1447 Email: [email protected] Email: [email protected]

← TABLE OF CONTENTS 25 Palm Desert — Salinas PALM DESERT RANCHO CUCAMANGA Coachella Valley Creative Recovery Collection Service Concepts, Inc. PO Box 13621 PO Box 2309 Palm Desert, CA 92255 Rancho Cucamanga, CA 91729 County: Riverside County: San Bernadino

Contact: Armando Fernandez Contact: Phillip Smith City By Members: Phone: 760-346-7458 x229 Phone: 800-500-4345 Email: [email protected] Email: [email protected] PASO ROBLES REDDING Action Professionals, Inc. Sierra Receivables PO Box 2600 Management, Inc. Paso Robles, CA 93447 PO Box 494070 County: San Luis Obispo Redding, CA 96049 Contact: Rick Minton County: Shasta Phone: 805-239-3020 Contact: Nannette Jones Email: [email protected] Phone: 530-224-1360 Email: [email protected] Greater California Financial Services ROSEVILLE 4301 Secondwind Way Sacor Financial, Inc. Paso Robles, CA 93446 1911 Douglas Blvd #85-205 County: San Luis Obispo Roseville, CA 95661 Contact: Nancy Edrington County: Placer Phone: 805-237-2040 Contact: Michael Sahlbach Email: [email protected] Phone: 877-714-2280 PETALUMA Email: [email protected] Optio Solutions, LLC, dba SACRAMENTO

Qualia Collection Services Northern CA Collection PO Box 4699 Service, Inc. Petaluma, CA 94955 PO Box 13765 County: Sonoma Sacramento, CA 95853 Contact: Chris Schumacher County: Sacramento Phone: 800-360-2827 x3401 Contact: Larry Cassidy Email: [email protected] Phone: 916-929-7811 PORTERVILLE Email: [email protected] Central Business Bureau SALINAS PO Box 628 Credit Consulting Services, Inc. Porterville, CA 93258 PO Box 5879 County: Tulare Salinas, CA 93915 Contact: Dennis Wright County: Monterey Phone: 559-784-4093 Contact: Rodney Meeks Email: [email protected] Phone: 800-679-6888 RANCHO CORDOVA Email: [email protected] States Recovery Systems, Inc. Cypress Collections 2491 Sunrise Boulevard PO Box 578 Rancho Cordova, CA 95670 Salinas, CA 93902 County: Sacramento County: Monterey Contact: Cindy Yaklin Contact: Maralee Hunsdorfer Phone: 916-631-7085 Phone: 800-313-4773 Email: [email protected] Email: [email protected]

← TABLE OF CONTENTS 26 San Diego — San Ramon SAN DIEGO SAN FRANCISCO Absolute Resolutions On-Site Associates, LLC Corporation 505 Montgomery Street, 11th Floor 591 Camino de la Reina, Ste 1219 San Francisco, CA 94111 San Diego, CA 92108 County: San Francisco County: San Diego Contact: George Abodeely Members: By City City By Members: Contact: Mark Naiman Phone: 415-922-3090 Phone: 800-713-0670 Email: [email protected] Email: [email protected] TrueAccord Corp Activate Financial, LLC 303 Second Street, Suite 750 South 10182 Telesis Court, Suite 300 San Francisco, CA 94107 San Diego, CA 92121 County: San Francisco County: San Diego Contact: Ohad Samet Contact: David Johnson Phone: 866-611-2731 Phone: 858-432-5105 Email: [email protected] Email: [email protected] SAN JOSE AllianceOne Receivables A.S.A.P Collections Services Management, Inc. dba 331 Piercy Road

AllianceOne, Inc. San Jose, CA 95138 6160 Mission Gorge Road County: Santa Clara San Diego, CA 92120 Contact: Beverlee Gordon County: San Diego Phone: 408-363-9600 x302 Contact: Jason Koontz Email: [email protected] Phone: 877-541-8420 Email: [email protected] Hunt & Henriques Attorneys At Law California Business Bureau - 7017 Realm Drive San Diego San Jose, CA 95119 PO Box 710340 County: Santa Clara San Diego, CA 92171 Contact: Michael Hunt County: San Diego Phone: 408-362-2279 Contact: Tonya Richardson Email: [email protected] Phone: 858-492-1515 Email: [email protected] Mezzetti Financial Services, Inc. PO Box 59595 Kimball, Tirey & St. John San Jose, CA 95159 7676 Hazard Center Drive Ste 900-C Santa Clara San Diego, CA 92108 County: Contact: Jose Mezzetti County: San Diego Phone: 408-280-6643 Contact: Patrick O’Laughlin Email: [email protected] Phone: 619-234-1770 Email: [email protected] SAN RAMON Resort Recovery Solutions, LLC Financial Recovery Services/ 8775 Aero Drive, Suite 335 TFC Credit Corp San Diego, CA 92123 PO Box 1246 County: San Diego San Ramon, CA 94583 Contact: Dave Danneberg County: Contra Costa Phone: 858-784-3500 Contact: Stephen Breitbart Email: [email protected] Phone: 925-498-2426

← TABLE OF CONTENTS 27 Santa Ana — Stockton SANTA ANA SANTEE International Quality California Accounts Service Collections, LLC 9570 Cuyamaca St., #103 201 E. Sandpointe Avenue, Suite 230 Santee, CA 92071 County: San Diego Santa Ana, CA 92707 Contact: Carrie Nielsen

County: Orange Phone: 619-444-6116 City By Members: Contact: David Coltman Email: [email protected] Phone: 949-200-7098 SHERMAN OAKS Email: [email protected] Caine & Weiner Company, Inc. SANTA BARBARA 5805 Sepulveda Blvd, 4th Floor Sherman Oaks, CA 91411

Continental Credit Control County: Los Angeles PO Box 30348 Contact: Greg Cohen Santa Barbara, CA 93130 Phone: 818-226-6000 County: Santa Barbara Email: [email protected] Contact: Shawn Suhr Creditors Adjustment Phone: 805-899-4431 Bureau, Inc. Email: [email protected] PO Box 5932 Sherman Oaks, CA 91413 SANTA CLARA County: Los Angeles Sonoma County Credit Services Contact: Brian Mitteldorf PO Box 1040 Phone: 818-990-4800 [email protected] Santa Clara, CA 95052 Email: County: Santa Clara SIERRA MADRE Contact: Miriam Sanchez Poser Investments, Inc. Phone: 707-528-6363 PO Box 850 Email: [email protected] Sierra Madre, CA 91025 County: Los Angeles SANTA CLARITA Contact: Walter Poser 626-355-7100 x107 Yes Online Inc, dba Dynamic Phone: Email: [email protected] Legal Recovery 29248 Black Pine Way SIMI VALLEY Santa Clarita, CA 91390 Continental Recovery & Filing County: Los Angeles Solutions, Inc. Contact: Terry Taylor PO Box 1389 Simi Valley, CA 93062 Phone: 877-777-7564 County: Ventura Email: [email protected] Contact: Anthony Terry SANTA ROSA Phone: 805-823-8002 Email: [email protected] Tavelli Co. DBA Tavco STOCKTON Credit Services PO Box 9340 CB Merchant Services Santa Rosa, CA 95405 PO Box 209 Stockton, CA 95201 County: Sonoma County: San Joaquin Contact: Robert Tavelli Contact: Linda Guinn Phone: 707-509-5565 Phone: 209-944-9001 x112 Email: [email protected] Email: [email protected]

← TABLE OF CONTENTS 28 Tarzana — Walnut Creek TARZANA VAN NUYS Jonathan Neil & Associates, Inc. M. Leonard & Associates PO Box 7000 PO Box 2339 Tarzana, CA 91357 County: Los Angeles Van Nuys, CA 91404 Contact: Dean Cimino County: Los Angeles

Phone: 818-705-3770 Contact: Claudia Nuno City By Members: Email: [email protected] Phone: 818-908-8500 THOUSAND OAKS Email: [email protected] American Recovery Service, Inc. VISALIA 555 St Charles Drive Ste 100 Thousand Oaks, CA 91360 Acclaim Credit Technologies County: Los Angeles 227 N West Street Contact: Kimberly Trupiano Visalia, CA 93291 Phone: 888-395-2774 County: Tulare Email: [email protected] Contact: Bruce Tschannen Coast to Coast Financial Phone: 559-741-7141 Solutions, Inc. Email: [email protected] 101 Hodencamp Road Suite 120 Thousand Oaks, CA 91360 Financial Credit Network, County: Los Angeles Inc. - Visalia Contact: John Mastro Jr. PO Box 3084 Phone: 805-777-9270 x192 Email: [email protected] Visalia, CA 93278 County: Tulare THOUSAND OAKS Contact: Kris Davisson Michael & Associates Phone: 559-733-7550 555 St Charles Drive, Suite 204 Thousand Oaks, CA 91360 Email: [email protected] County: Ventura VISTA Contact: Lina Michael Phone: 805-379-8505 Duvera Billing Services dba Email: [email protected] EasyPay Finance TORRANCE 3220 Executive Ridge, Suite 200 Vista, CA 92081 MCT Group PO Box 7748 County: San Diego Torrance, CA 90504 Contact: April Thompson County: Los Angeles Phone: 760-602-5000 Contact: Philip McFall Email: [email protected] Phone: 800-622-2242 Email: [email protected] WALNUT CREEK VACAVILLE The National Collection K. B. R. Inc. dba Rash Curtis Agency, Inc. & Associates 1250 Pine Street, Suite 303 PO Box 5790 Walnut Creek, CA 94596 Vacaville, CA 95696 County: Contra Costa County: Solano Contact: Terrence Paff Contact: Matt Keeperman Phone: 707-454-2000 Phone: 925-631-7716 Email: [email protected] Email: [email protected]

← TABLE OF CONTENTS 29 West Covina — Yreka WEST COVINA YREKA Progressive Management Northern Credit Service Systems PO Box 820 1521 W Cameron Ave First Floor Yreka, CA 91097 West Covina, CA 91790 County: Los Angeles County: Siskiyou Contact: Kent Pederson Contact: Tim Banta City By Members: Phone: 800-258-7482 x6145 Phone: 530-842-4710 Email: [email protected] Email: [email protected]

← TABLE OF CONTENTS 30 Alameda — Contra Costa ALPHABETICAL LISTING BY COUNTY ALAMEDA CHESTER American Revenue Advanced Call Center Management, Inc. Technologies, LLC 675 Hegenberger Rd Ste 233 1235 Westlakes Drive, Suite 160 Oakland, CA 94621 Berwyn, PA 19312 Contact: Francesca Strucksberg Contact: Tammy McEwen Phone: 510-632-3366 Phone: 928-314-9349 Email: [email protected]

Email: [email protected] County By Members:

Collection Bureau of America COLLIN 25954 Eden Landing Road Fl 1 Hayward, CA 94545 TSC Accounts Receivable Contact: Shawn DeLuna Solutions Phone: 510-781-5128 3900 S Stonebridge Dr, #701 Email: [email protected] McKinney, TX 75070 Michael Sherman Lien Enforcement, Inc. Contact: PO Box 1010 Phone: 760-444-5526 Norristown, PA 19404 Email: [email protected] Contact: Keith Baker CONTRA COSTA Phone: 215-798-3611 Email: [email protected] Alliance Credit Services, Inc. 4 Orinda Way Ste 180-C Performant Recovery, Inc. Orinda, CA 94563 333 N. Canyon Pkwy., Suite 100 Contact: Richard Segol Livermore, CA 94551 Phone: 925-791-1447 Contact: Dennis Christie Email: [email protected] Phone: 209-858-3850 Email: [email protected] Financial Recovery Services/

Recovery Resources, Inc. TFC Credit Corp PO Box 1347 PO Box 1246 Alameda, CA 94501 San Ramon, CA 94583 Contact: Thomas Mickelic Contact: Stephen Breitbart Phone: 510-569-0755 Phone: 925-498-2426 Email: [email protected] Landmark Collection BUTTE Services, Inc. 1647 Willow Pass Rd, #246 Butte County Credit Bureau PO Box 7600 Concord, CA 94520 Chico, CA 95927 Contact: Mark Cox Contact: Joe Selby Phone: 925-435-5138 Phone: 530-342-6721 Email: [email protected] Email: [email protected] The National Collection Statewide Collection, Inc. Agency, Inc. 589 East Ave 1250 Pine Street, Suite 303 Chico, CA 95926 Walnut Creek, CA 94596 Contact: Troy Wilkinson Contact: Matt Keeperman Phone: 530-343-3792 Phone: 925-631-7716 Email: [email protected] Email: [email protected]

← TABLE OF CONTENTS 31 El Dorado — Los Angeles EL DORADO IMPERIAL Investment Retrievers, Inc. Credit Bureau of PO Box 4733 Imperial County El Dorado Hills, CA 95762 PO Box 970 Contact: James Kiley El Centro, CA 92244 Phone: 916-941-8851 Contact: Rosalva Caro 760-353-1144 Email: [email protected] Phone: Email: [email protected] FRESNO KERN

Capital Collections, LLC Commercial Trade, Inc. PO Box 289 PO Box 10389 Fresno, CA 93708 Bakersfield, CA 93389 Members: By County County By Members: Contact: Brad Jacobson Contact: Hal Ennis Phone: 559-485-2127 Phone: 661-632-2100 Email: [email protected] Email: [email protected] Collectibles Management Herbert P Sears Company, Resources Inc.,Dba: HP Sears PO Box 8438 2000 18th Street Fresno, CA 93747 Bakersfield, CA 93301 Contact: Tracey Hauschel Contact: Chris Thompson Phone: 559-454-8967 Phone: 661-283-0228 Email: [email protected] Email: [email protected] LOS ANGELES Creditors Bureau USA PO Box 942 Allied Collections Services of Fresno, CA 93714 California, LLC Contact: Courtney Reynaud 9301 Oakdale Avenue #205 Chatsworth, CA 91311 Phone: 559-485-7900 Contact: Marc Bender [email protected] Email: Phone: 818-933-3373 Grant Mercantile Agency, Inc. Email: [email protected] 2585 E Perrin, #105 American Recovery Service, Inc. Fresno, CA 93720 555 St Charles Drive Ste 100 Contact: Maryrose Diaz Thousand Oaks, CA 91360 Phone: 800-821-7530 Contact: Kimberly Trupiano Email: [email protected] Phone: 888-395-2774 Email: [email protected] Kings Credit Service PO Box 950 LOS ANGELES Hanford, CA 93232 Caine & Weiner Company, Inc. Contact: Vicki Callahan 5805 Sepulveda Blvd, 4th Floor Phone: 805-461-0918 Sherman Oaks, CA 91411 Email: [email protected] Contact: Greg Cohen Phone: 818-226-6000 HARRIS Email: [email protected] GC Services Limited California Business Bureau, Inc Partnership - San Diego PO Box 5010 6330 Gulfton Monrovia, CA 91017 Houston, TX 77081 Contact: Mike Cheek Phone: 858-577-2330 Phone: 626-303-1515 Email: [email protected] Email: [email protected]

← TABLE OF CONTENTS 32 Los Angeles — Los Angeles Cedars Business Services, LLC Jonathan Neil & Associates, Inc. dba Cedar Financial PO Box 7000 5230 Las Virgenes Road, Suite 210 Tarzana, CA 91357 Calabasas, CA 91302 Contact: Dean Cimino Contact: Amir Erez Phone: 818-705-3770 Phone: 818-224-3800 x5301 Email: [email protected] Email: [email protected] M. Leonard & Associates PO Box 2339 Coast to Coast Financial Van Nuys, CA 91404 Solutions, Inc. Claudia Nuno 101 Hodencamp Road Suite 120 Contact: Phone: 818-908-8500 Thousand Oaks, CA 91360 Email: [email protected]

Contact: John Mastro Jr. County By Members: Phone: 805-777-9270 x192 MCT Group Email: [email protected] PO Box 7748 Torrance, CA 90504 Collection Consultants of Contact: Philip McFall California Phone: 800-622-2242 6100 San Fernando Rd, Suite 211 Email: [email protected] Glendale, CA 91201

Matt Logan Pacific Credit Exchange Contact: 15760 Ventura Blvd Ste A-11 Phone: 818-551-5600 Encino, CA 91436 Email: [email protected] Contact: Jim Schaffer Creditors Adjustment Phone: 818-995-8424 Bureau, Inc. Email: [email protected] PO Box 5932 Persolve, LLC Sherman Oaks, CA 91413 9301 Corbin Ave Unit 1600 Contact: Brian Mitteldorf Northridge, CA 91324 Phone: 818-990-4800 Contact: Martha Melton Email: [email protected] Phone: 818-534-3100 Email: [email protected] Grant & Weber 26610 Agoura Road, Suite 209 PMGI, LLC Calabasas, CA 91302 8581 Santa Monica Blvd #17 Contact: Kim Mehr Los Angeles, CA 90069 Phone: 800-333-1656 Contact: Aaron Griffith Email: [email protected] Phone: 323-297-2100 Email: [email protected] Guaranty Collection Company 4505 Las Virgenes Road, Suite 206 Poser Investments, Inc. PO Box 850 Calabasas, CA 91302 Sierra Madre, CA 91025 Contact: Craig Nathan Contact: Walter Poser 818-880-2122 Phone: Phone: 626-355-7100 x107 Email: [email protected] Email: [email protected] International Collection Progressive Management Corporation Systems PO Box 86880 1521 W Cameron Ave First Floor Los Angeles, CA 90086 West Covina, CA 91790 Contact: Chuck Hendrickson Contact: Tim Banta Phone: 213-483-9999 Phone: 800-258-7482 x6145 Email: [email protected] Email: [email protected]

← TABLE OF CONTENTS 33 Madera — Orange Sequoia Concepts, Inc. MADERA 28632 Roadside Drive, Suite 110 Grant Mercantile Agency Agora Hills, CA 91301 PO Box 658 Contact: Roy Duplessis Oakhurst, CA 93644 Phone: 818-409-6000 Contact: Maryrose Diaz Email: [email protected] Phone: 559-683-4651 Email: [email protected] The Best Service Co., Inc. PO Box 45405 MONTEREY Los Angeles, CA 90045 Credit Consulting Services, Inc. Contact: Todd Shields PO Box 5879 Phone: 310-477-0471 Salinas, CA 93915 Email: [email protected] Contact: Rodney Meeks County By Members: Phone: 800-679-6888 United Financial Service Email: [email protected] 333 Washington Blvd Unit 153 Marina Del Rey, CA 90292 Cypress Collections PO Box 578 Contact: Bob Solloway Salinas, CA 93902 Phone: 310-434-0152 x105 Contact: Maralee Hunsdorfer Email: [email protected] Phone: 800-313-4773 USCB America Email: [email protected] 355 W. Grand Avenue, Suite 3200, Box 306 NAPA Los Angeles, CA 90071 Credit Bureau Services, Inc. Contact: Albert Cadena PO Box 10129 Phone: 213-674-8975 Napa, CA 94581 Email: [email protected] Contact: Jack Dubois Westlake Portfolio Phone: 707-253-9990 Management, LLC Email: [email protected] 4571 Wilshire Blvd ORANGE Los Angeles, CA 90010 Account Management Contact: Edit Alexandryan Services, Inc. Phone: 323-900-2445 6101 Ball Rd, Suite #207 Email: [email protected] Cypress, CA 90630 Westside Recovery Contact: Richard Moss Phone: 800-922-4704 Services, LLC Email: [email protected] 4444 W Riverside Drive #300 Burbank, CA 91505 AWA Collections Contact: Leonard Gilbert PO Box 6605 Phone: 818-859-7966 Orange, CA 92863 Contact: Marian Mapes Email: [email protected] Phone: 714-771-8323 Yes Online Inc, dba Dynamic Email: [email protected]

Legal Recovery Bristol Point Financial, Inc. 29248 Black Pine Way 300 Spectrum #400 Santa Clarita, CA 91390 Irvine, CA 92618 Contact: Terry Taylor Contact: Syd Ballam Phone: 877-777-7564 Phone: 888-880-5668 Email: [email protected] Email: [email protected]

← TABLE OF CONTENTS 34 Placer — Sacramento Coastal Settlement The E&A Group Recovery, Inc. PO Box 5070 8583 Irvine Center Dr., #453 Laguna Beach, CA 92652 Irvine, CA 92618 Contact: Stephen Ernst Contact: Deanna Andrews Phone: 800-941-1999 Phone: 877-416-0052 Email: [email protected] Email: [email protected] Trojan Professional Data Ticket, Inc. Services, Inc. 2603 Main Street, Suite 300 PO Box 1297 Irvine, CA 92614 Los Alamitos, CA 90720 Contact: Marjorie Fleming Contact: Christine Lyons Phone: 949-752-6937 Phone: 714-886-1321 Email: [email protected]

Email: [email protected] County By Members: Designed Receivable PLACER Solutions, Inc. 1 Centerpointe Drive Suite 450 Sacor Financial, Inc. La Palma, CA 90623 1911 Douglas Blvd #85-205 Contact: Dan Eder Roseville, CA 95661 Phone: 714-735-3040 Contact: Michael Sahlbach Email: [email protected] Phone: 877-714-2280 Email: [email protected] Fedchex Recovery, LLC 27042 Towne Centre Dr, Suite 150 RIVERSIDE Foothill Ranch, CA 92610 American Capital Contact: Christi Flanigan Enterprises, Inc. Phone: 949-440-4600 41870 Kalmia Street, Suite 120 Email: [email protected] Murrieta, CA 92562 International Quality Contact: Ronald Matheson Collections, LLC Phone: 951-695-3372 201 E. Sandpointe Avenue, Suite 230 Email: [email protected] Santa Ana, CA 92707 Contact: David Coltman Coachella Valley

Phone: 949-200-7098 Collection Service Email: [email protected] PO Box 13621 Palm Desert, CA 92255 Meyer, Christian & Associates Contact: Armando Fernandez 15151 Springdale Street Phone: 760-346-7458 x229 Huntington Beach, CA 92649 Email: [email protected] Contact: Christian Kassoff Phone: 714-902-2050 United Legal Group & Credit Email: [email protected] Collection Bureau 495 E Rincon Street #209 Mnet Financial, Inc. Corona, CA 92879 95 Argonaut Ste 250 Contact: Mark Hakim Aliso Viejo, CA 92656 Phone: 877-367-1737 Contact: Julia Hamilton Email: [email protected] Phone: 949-900-6126 Email: [email protected] SACRAMENTO Southwest Collection Northern CA Collection Service, Inc. Service, Inc. PO Box 6349 PO Box 13765 Orange, CA 92863 Sacramento, CA 95853 Contact: Jay Aston Contact: Larry Cassidy Phone: 714-532-6651 Phone: 916-929-7811 Email: [email protected] Email: [email protected]

← TABLE OF CONTENTS 35 San Bernadino — San Diego States Recovery Systems, Inc. AllianceOne Receivables 2491 Sunrise Boulevard Management, Inc. dba Rancho Cordova, CA 95670 AllianceOne, Inc. Contact: Cindy Yaklin 6160 Mission Gorge Road San Diego, CA 92120 Phone: 916-631-7085 Contact: Jason Koontz Email: [email protected] Phone: 877-541-8420 Superlative RM Email: [email protected] 9355 East Stockton Blvd #210 Alternative Recovery Elk Grove, CA 95624 Management Contact: Ross Konkel 7373 University Avenue, Suite 209 Phone: 916-478-6744 La Mesa, CA 91942 Contact: Matt Gordon

Email: [email protected] County By Members: Phone: 619-469-6194 SAN BERNADINO Email: [email protected] Creative Recovery ARS National Services, Inc. Concepts, Inc. PO Box 469046 PO Box 2309 Escondido, CA 92046 Rancho Cucamanga, CA 91729 Contact: Phillip Prince Phone: 888-888-7080 Phillip Smith Contact: Email: [email protected] Phone: 800-500-4345 Email: [email protected] AXIS Financial Services, Inc. PO Box 130280 High Desert Creditors Service Carlsbad, CA 92013 14608 Main St Suite B Contact: Margaret Eardley Hesperia, CA 92345 Phone: 760-929-6680 x1117 Contact: David Cerna Email: [email protected] Phone: 760-949-4133 California Accounts Service Email: [email protected] 9570 Cuyamaca St., #103 Santee, CA 92071 Pacific Point Services, LLC Contact: Carrie Nielsen 1131 W Sixth St, Suite 260 Phone: 619-444-6116 Onatrio, CA 91762 Email: [email protected] Contact: Leslie Brown California Business Bureau - Phone: 909-673-7790 San Diego Email: [email protected] PO Box 710340 San Diego, CA 92171 SAN DIEGO Contact: Tonya Richardson Absolute Resolutions Phone: 858-492-1515 Corporation Email: [email protected] 591 Camino de la Reina, Ste 1219 Conrad Credit Corporation San Diego, CA 92108 PO Box 770 Contact: Mark Naiman Escondido, CA 92033 Phone: 800-713-0670 Contact: Don Hodges Email: [email protected] Phone: 760-735-5005 Email: [email protected] Activate Financial, LLC

10182 Telesis Court, Suite 300 Continental Central Credit, Inc. PO Box 131120 San Diego, CA 92121 Carlsbad, CA 92013 Contact: David Johnson Contact: Josh Marukelli Phone: 858-432-5105 Phone: 760-931-7799 Email: [email protected] Email: [email protected]

← TABLE OF CONTENTS 36 San Francisco — Santa Barbara Duvera Billing Services dba SAN FRANCISCO EasyPay Finance On-Site Associates, LLC 3220 Executive Ridge, Suite 200 505 Montgomery Street, 11th Floor Vista, CA 92081 San Francisco, CA 94111 Contact: April Thompson Contact: George Abodeely Phone: 760-602-5000 Phone: 415-922-3090 Email: [email protected] Email: [email protected] Johnson & Rountree TrueAccord Corp Premium, Inc. 303 Second Street, Suite 750 South PO Box 2625 San Francisco, CA 94107 Del Mar, CA 92014 Contact: Ohad Samet Phone: 866-611-2731 Contact: Nicole Alvarado County By Members: Email: [email protected] Phone: 858-259-5846 x208 Email: [email protected] SAN JOAQUIN Kimball, Tirey & St. John CB Merchant Services 7676 Hazard Center Drive Ste 900-C PO Box 209 Stockton, CA 95201 San Diego, CA 92108 Contact: Linda Guinn Contact: Patrick O’Laughlin Phone: 209-944-9001 x112 Phone: 619-234-1770 Email: [email protected] Email: [email protected] Healthcare Revenue Recovery Linebarger Goggan Blair & Group, LLC Sampson, LLP 16974 S Harlan Rd 2700 Via Fortuna Dr, #500 Terrace II Lathrop, CA 95330 Austin, TX 78746 Contact: Karl Hillard Contact: Helen Dey Valdez Phone: 209-858-2299 Phone: 619-323-1300 Email: [email protected] Email: [email protected] SAN LUIS OBISPO Monterey Financial Action Professionals, Inc. Services, LLC PO Box 2600 4095 Avenida De La Plata Paso Robles, CA 93447 Oceanside, CA 92056 Contact: Rick Minton Contact: Dustin Chung Phone: 805-239-3020 Phone: 760-639-3562 Email: [email protected] Email: [email protected] Greater California

Financial Services Pinnacle Recovery, Inc. 4301 Secondwind Way 2774 Gateway Rd Paso Robles, CA 93446 Carlsbad, CA 92009 Contact: Nancy Edrington Contact: Margaret Eardley Phone: 805-237-2040 Phone: 760-929-6685 x1110 Email: [email protected] Email: [email protected] SANTA BARBARA

Resort Recovery Solutions, LLC Continental Credit Control 8775 Aero Drive, Suite 335 PO Box 30348 San Diego, CA 92123 Santa Barbara, CA 93130 Contact: Dave Danneberg Contact: Shawn Suhr Phone: 858-784-3500 Phone: 805-899-4431 Email: [email protected] Email: [email protected]

← TABLE OF CONTENTS 37 Santa Clara — Tulare SANTA CLARA Pacific Credit Services PO Box 150 A.S.A.P Collections Services 331 Piercy Road Fairfield, CA 94533 San Jose, CA 95138 Contact: Kelly Parsons-O’Brien Contact: Beverlee Gordon Phone: 707-429-3211 Phone: 408-363-9600 x302 Email: [email protected] Email: [email protected] SONOMA Hunt & Henriques Attorneys Optio Solutions, LLC, dba At Law Qualia Collection Services 7017 Realm Drive PO Box 4699 San Jose, CA 95119 Petaluma, CA 94955 Contact: Michael Hunt Contact: Chris Schumacher Members: By County County By Members: Phone: 408-362-2279 Phone: 800-360-2827 x3401 Email: [email protected] Email: [email protected]

Mezzetti Financial Services, Inc. Tavelli Co. DBA Tavco PO Box 59595 Credit Services San Jose, CA 95159 PO Box 9340 Contact: Jose Mezzetti Santa Rosa, CA 95405 Phone: 408-280-6643 Contact: Robert Tavelli Email: [email protected] Phone: 707-509-5565 Sonoma County Credit Services Email: [email protected] PO Box 1040 Santa Clara, CA 95052 STANISLAUS Contact: Miriam Sanchez Gone Inc. Phone: 707-528-6363 627 13th Street #F Email: [email protected] Modesto, CA 95354 SHASTA Contact: Christian Hurst Phone: 209-576-2526 Sierra Receivables Email: [email protected] Management, Inc. PO Box 494070 TULARE Redding, CA 96049 Acclaim Credit Technologies Contact: Nannette Jones 227 N West Street Phone: 530-224-1360 Visalia, CA 93291 Email: [email protected] Contact: Bruce Tschannen SISKIYOU Phone: 559-741-7141 Email: [email protected] Northern Credit Service PO Box 820 Central Business Bureau Yreka, CA 91097 PO Box 628 Contact: Kent Pederson Porterville, CA 93258 Phone: 530-842-4710 Contact: Dennis Wright Email: [email protected] Phone: 559-784-4093 SOLANO Email: [email protected] K. B. R. Inc. dba Rash Curtis & Financial Credit Network, Associates Inc. - Visalia PO Box 5790 PO Box 3084 Vacaville, CA 95696 Visalia, CA 93278 Contact: Terrence Paff Contact: Kris Davisson Phone: 707-454-2000 Phone: 559-733-7550 Email: [email protected] Email: [email protected]

← TABLE OF CONTENTS 38 Ventura — Ventura VENTURA Fidelity Capital Holdings, Inc. A.R.M. Solutions, Inc. dba Fidelity Creditor Service PO Box 2929 PO Box 3963 Camarillo, CA 93011 Glendale, CA 91201 Contact: Brad Jadwin Contact: Clinton Sallee Phone: 805-856-9031 x551 Phone: 818-502-1981 x212 Email: [email protected] Email: [email protected] Continental Recovery & Filing Michael & Associates Solutions, Inc. PO Box 1389 555 St Charles Drive, Suite 204 Simi Valley, CA 93062 Thousand Oaks, CA 91360 Contact: Anthony Terry Contact: Lina Michael

Phone: 805-823-8002 Phone: 805-379-8505 County By Members: Email: [email protected] Email: [email protected]

← TABLE OF CONTENTS 39 George Abodeely — Albert Cadena ALPHABETICAL LISTING BY KEY CONTACT George Abodeely Syd Ballam On-Site Associates, LLC Bristol Point Financial, Inc. 505 Montgomery Street, 11th Floor 300 Spectrum #400 San Francisco, CA 94111 Irvine, CA 92618 County: San Francisco County: Orange Phone: 415-922-3090 Phone: 888-880-5668 Email: [email protected] Email: [email protected]

Edit Alexandryan Tim Banta Westlake Portfolio Management, LLC Progressive Management Systems 4571 Wilshire Blvd 1521 W Cameron Ave First Floor Los Angeles, CA 90010 West Covina, CA 91790 County: Los Angeles County: Los Angeles Phone: 323-900-2445 Phone: 800-258-7482 x6145 Email: [email protected]

Email: [email protected] Key By Contact Members:

Nicole Alvarado Marc Bender Johnson & Rountree Premium, Inc. Allied Collections Services of California, LLC PO Box 2625 9301 Oakdale Avenue #205 Del Mar, CA 92014 Chatsworth, CA 91311 County: San Diego County: Los Angeles Phone: 858-259-5846 x208 Phone: 818-933-3373 Email: [email protected] Email: [email protected] Deanna Andrews

Coastal Settlement Recovery, Inc. Stephen Breitbart

8583 Irvine Center Dr., #453 Financial Recovery Services/TFC Credit Corp Irvine, CA 92618 PO Box 1246 County: Orange San Ramon, CA 94583 Phone: 877-416-0052 County: Contra Costa Email: [email protected] Phone: 925-498-2426

Jay Aston Leslie Brown Southwest Collection Service, Inc. Pacific Point Services, LLC PO Box 6349 1131 W Sixth St, Suite 260 Orange, CA 92863 Onatrio, CA 91762 County: Orange County: San Bernardino Phone: 714-532-6651 Phone: 909-673-7790 Email: [email protected] Email: [email protected]

Keith Baker Albert Cadena Lien Enforcement, Inc. USCB America PO Box 1010 355 W. Grand Avenue, Suite 3200, Box 306 Norristown, PA 19404 Los Angeles, CA 90071 County: Alameda County: Los Angeles Phone: 215-798-3611 Phone: 213-674-8975 Email: [email protected] Email: [email protected]

← TABLE OF CONTENTS 40 Vicki Callahan — Dave Danneberg Vicki Callahan Dustin Chung Kings Credit Service Monterey Financial Services, LLC PO Box 950 4095 Avenida De La Plata Hanford, CA 93232 Oceanside, CA 92056 County: Fresno County: San Diego Phone: 805-461-0918 Phone: 760-639-3562 Email: [email protected] Email: [email protected]

Rosalva Caro Dean Cimino Credit Bureau of Imperial County Jonathan Neil & Associates, Inc. PO Box 970 PO Box 7000 El Centro, CA 92244 Tarzana, CA 91357 County: Imperial County: Los Angeles Phone: 760-353-1144 Phone: 818-705-3770 Email: [email protected] Email: [email protected]

Larry Cassidy Greg Cohen Northern CA Collection Service, Inc. Caine & Weiner Company, Inc. PO Box 13765 5805 Sepulveda Blvd, 4th Floor Key By Contact Members: Sacramento, CA 95853 Sherman Oaks, CA 91411 County: Sacramento County: Los Angeles Phone: 916-929-7811 Phone: 818-226-6000 Email: [email protected] Email: [email protected]

David Cerna David Coltman High Desert Creditors Service International Quality Collections, LLC 14608 Main St Suite B 201 E. Sandpointe Avenue, Suite 230 Hesperia, CA 92345 Santa Ana, CA 92707 County: San Bernadino County: Orange Phone: 760-949-4133 Phone: 949-200-7098 Email: [email protected] Email: [email protected]

Mike Cheek Mark Cox California Business Bureau, Inc Landmark Collection Services, Inc. PO Box 5010 1647 Willow Pass Rd, #246 Monrovia, CA 91017 Concord, CA 94520 County: Los Angeles County: Contra Costa Phone: 626-303-1515 Phone: 925-435-5138 Email: [email protected] Email: [email protected]

Dennis Christie Dave Danneberg Performant Recovery, Inc. Resort Recovery Solutions, LLC 333 N. Canyon Pkwy., Suite 100 8775 Aero Drive, Suite 335 Livermore, CA 94551 San Diego, CA 92123 County: Alameda County: San Diego Phone: 209-858-3850 Phone: 858-784-3500 Email: [email protected] Email: [email protected]

← TABLE OF CONTENTS 41 Kris Davisson — Hal Ennis Kris Davisson ROY DUPLESSIS Financial Credit Network, Inc. - Visalia Sequoia Concepts, Inc. PO Box 3084 28632 Roadside Drive, Suite 110 Visalia, CA 93278 Agora Hills, CA 91301 County: Tulare County: Los Angeles Phone: 559-733-7550 Phone: 818-409-6000 Email: [email protected] Email: [email protected]

Shawn DeLuna Margaret Eardley Collection Bureau of America AXIS Financial Services, Inc. 25954 Eden Landing Road Fl 1 PO Box 130280 Hayward, CA 94545 Carlsbad, CA 92013 County: Alameda County: San Diego Phone: 510-781-5128 Phone: 760-929-6680 x1117 Email: [email protected] Email: [email protected]

Helen Dey Valdez Margaret Eardley Linebarger Goggan Blair & Sampson, LLP Pinnacle Recovery, Inc. 2700 Via Fortuna Dr, #500 Terrace II 2774 Gateway Rd Key By Contact Members: Austin, TX 78746 Carlsbad, CA 92009 County: San Diego County: San Diego Phone: 619-323-1300 Phone: 760-929-6685 x1110 Email: [email protected] Email: [email protected]

Maryrose Diaz Dan Eder Grant Mercantile Agency Designed Receivable Solutions, Inc. PO Box 658 1 Centerpointe Drive Suite 450 Oakhurst, CA 93644 La Palma, CA 90623 County: Madera County: Orange Phone: 559-683-4651 Phone: 714-735-3040 Email: [email protected] Email: [email protected]

Maryrose Diaz Nancy Edrington Grant Mercantile Agency, Inc. Greater California Financial Services 2585 E Perrin, #105 4301 Secondwind Way Fresno, CA 93720 Paso Robles, CA 93446 County: Fresno County: San Luis Obispo Phone: 800-821-7530 Phone: 805-237-2040 Email: [email protected] Email: [email protected]

Jack Dubois Hal Ennis Credit Bureau Services, Inc. Commercial Trade, Inc. PO Box 10129 PO Box 10389 Napa, CA 94581 Bakersfield, CA 93389 County: Napa County: Kern Phone: 707-253-9990 Phone: 661-632-2100 Email: [email protected] Email: [email protected]

← TABLE OF CONTENTS 42 Amir Erez — Julia Hamilton Amir Erez Beverlee Gordon Cedars Business Services, LLC dba Cedar Financial A.S.A.P Collections Services 5230 Las Virgenes Road, Suite 210 331 Piercy Road Calabasas, CA 91302 San Jose, CA 95138 County: Los Angeles County: Santa Clara Phone: 818-224-3800 x5301 Phone: 408-363-9600 x302 Email: [email protected] Email: [email protected]

Stephen Ernst Matt Gordon The E&A Group Alternative Recovery Management PO Box 5070 7373 University Avenue, Suite 209 Laguna Beach, CA 92652 La Mesa, CA 91942 County: Orange County: San Diego Phone: 800-941-1999 Phone: 619-469-6194 Email: [email protected] Email: [email protected]

Armando Fernandez Aaron Griffith Coachella Valley Collection Service PMGI, LLC PO Box 13621 8581 Santa Monica Blvd #17 Key By Contact Members: Palm Desert, CA 92255 Los Angeles, CA 90069 County: Riverside County: Los Angeles Phone: 760-346-7458 x229 Phone: 323-297-2100 Email: [email protected] Email: [email protected]

Christi Flanigan Linda Guinn Fedchex Recovery, LLC CB Merchant Services 27042 Towne Centre Dr, Suite 150 PO Box 209 Foothill Ranch, CA 92610 Stockton, CA 95201 County: Orange County: San Joaquin Phone: 949-440-4600 Phone: 209-944-9001 x112 Email: [email protected] Email: [email protected]

Marjorie Fleming Mark Hakim Data Ticket, Inc. United Legal Group & Credit Collection Bureau 2603 Main Street, Suite 300 495 E Rincon Street #209 Irvine, CA 92614 Corona, CA 92879 County: Orange County: Riverside Phone: 949-752-6937 Phone: 877-367-1737 Email: [email protected] Email: [email protected]

Leonard Gilbert Julia Hamilton Westside Recovery Services, LLC Mnet Financial, Inc. 4444 W Riverside Drive #300 95 Argonaut Ste 250 Burbank, CA 91505 Aliso Viejo, CA 92656 County: Los Angeles County: Orange Phone: 818-859-7966 Phone: 949-900-6126 Email: [email protected] Email: [email protected]

← TABLE OF CONTENTS 43 Tracey Hauschel — Christian Kassoff Tracey Hauschel Christian Hurst Collectibles Management Resources Gone Inc. PO Box 8438 627 13th Street #F Fresno, CA 93747 Modesto, CA 95354 County: Fresno County: Stanislaus Phone: 559-454-8967 Phone: 209-576-2526 Email: [email protected] Email: [email protected]

Chuck Hendrickson Brad Jacobson International Collection Corporation Capital Collections, LLC PO Box 86880 PO Box 289 Los Angeles, CA 90086 Fresno, CA 93708 County: Los Angeles County: Fresno Phone: 213-483-9999 Phone: 559-485-2127 Email: [email protected] Email: [email protected]

Karl Hillard Brad Jadwin Healthcare Revenue Recovery Group, LLC A.R.M. Solutions, Inc. 16974 S Harlan Rd PO Box 2929 Key By Contact Members: Lathrop, CA 95330 Camarillo, CA 93011 County: San Joaquin County: Ventura Phone: 209-858-2299 Phone: 805-856-9031 x551 Email: [email protected] Email: [email protected]

Don Hodges David Johnson Conrad Credit Corporation Activate Financial, LLC PO Box 770 10182 Telesis Court, Suite 300 Escondido, CA 92033 San Diego, CA 92121 County: San Diego County: San Diego Phone: 760-735-5005 Phone: 858-432-5105 Email: [email protected] Email: [email protected]

Maralee Hunsdorfer Nannette Jones Cypress Collections Sierra Receivables Management, Inc. PO Box 578 PO Box 494070 Salinas, CA 93902 Redding, CA 96049 County: Monterey County: Shasta Phone: 800-313-4773 Phone: 530-224-1360 Email: [email protected] Email: [email protected]

Michael Hunt Christian Kassoff Hunt & Henriques Attorneys At Law Meyer, Christian & Associates 7017 Realm Drive 15151 Springdale Street San Jose, CA 95119 Huntington Beach, CA 92649 County: Santa Clara County: Orange Phone: 408-362-2279 Phone: 714-902-2050 Email: [email protected] Email: [email protected]

← TABLE OF CONTENTS 44 Matt Keeperman — Philip McFall Matt Keeperman Marian Mapes The National Collection Agency, Inc. AWA Collections 1250 Pine Street, Suite 303 PO Box 6605 Walnut Creek, CA 94596 Orange, CA 92863 County: Contra Costa County: Orange Phone: 925-631-7716 Phone: 714-771-8323 Email: [email protected] Email: [email protected]

James Kiley Josh Marukelli Investment Retrievers, Inc. Continental Central Credit, Inc. PO Box 4733 PO Box 131120 El Dorado Hills, CA 95762 Carlsbad, CA 92013 County: El Dorado County: San Diego Phone: 916-941-8851 Phone: 760-931-7799 Email: [email protected] Email: [email protected]

Ross Konkel John Mastro Jr. Superlative RM Coast to Coast Financial Solutions, Inc. 9355 East Stockton Blvd #210 101 Hodencamp Road Suite 120 Key By Contact Members: Elk Grove, CA 95624 Thousand Oaks, CA 91360 County: Sacramento County: Los Angeles Phone: 916-478-6744 Phone: 805-777-9270 x192 Email: [email protected] Email: [email protected] Jason Koontz Ronald Matheson AllianceOne Receivables Management, Inc. dba American Capital Enterprises, Inc. AllianceOne, Inc. 41870 Kalmia Street, Suite 120 6160 Mission Gorge Road Murrieta, CA 92562 San Diego, CA 92120 County: San Diego County: Riverside Phone: 877-541-8420 Phone: 951-695-3372 Email: [email protected] Email: [email protected]

Matt Logan Tammy McEwen Collection Consultants of California Advanced Call Center Technologies, LLC 6100 San Fernando Rd, Suite 211 1235 Westlakes Drive, Suite 160 Glendale, CA 91201 Berwyn, PA 19312 County: Los Angeles County: Chester Phone: 818-551-5600 Phone: 928-314-9349 Email: [email protected] Email: [email protected]

Christine Lyons Philip McFall Trojan Professional Services, Inc. MCT Group PO Box 1297 PO Box 7748 Los Alamitos, CA 90720 Torrance, CA 90504 County: Orange County: Los Angeles Phone: 714-886-1321 Phone: 800-622-2242 Email: [email protected] Email: [email protected]

← TABLE OF CONTENTS 45 Rodney Meeks — Carrie Nielsen Rodney Meeks Rick Minton Credit Consulting Services, Inc. Action Professionals, Inc. PO Box 5879 PO Box 2600 Salinas, CA 93915 Paso Robles, CA 93447 County: Monterey County: San Luis Obispo Phone: 800-679-6888 Phone: 805-239-3020 Email: [email protected] Email: [email protected]

Kim Mehr Brian Mitteldorf Grant & Weber Creditors Adjustment Bureau, Inc. 26610 Agoura Road, Suite 209 PO Box 5932 Calabasas, CA 91302 Sherman Oaks, CA 91413 County: Los Angeles County: Los Angeles Phone: 800-333-1656 Phone: 818-990-4800 Email: [email protected] Email: [email protected]

Martha Melton Richard Moss Persolve, LLC Account Management Services, Inc. 9301 Corbin Ave Unit 1600 6101 Ball Rd, Suite #207 Key By Contact Members: Northridge, CA 91324 Cypress, CA 90630 County: Los Angeles County: Orange Phone: 818-534-3100 Phone: 800-922-4704 Email: [email protected] Email: [email protected]

Jose Mezzetti Mark Naiman Mezzetti Financial Services, Inc. Absolute Resolutions Corporation PO Box 59595 591 Camino de la Reina, Ste 1219 San Jose, CA 95159 San Diego, CA 92108 County: Santa Clara County: San Diego Phone: 408-280-6643 Phone: 800-713-0670 Email: [email protected] Email: [email protected]

Lina Michael Craig Nathan Michael & Associates Guaranty Collection Company 555 St Charles Drive, Suite 204 4505 Las Virgenes Road, Suite 206 Thousand Oaks, CA 91360 Calabasas, CA 91302 County: Ventura County: Los Angeles Phone: 805-379-8505 Phone: 818-880-2122 Email: [email protected] Email: [email protected]

Thomas Mickelic Carrie Nielsen Recovery Resources, Inc. California Accounts Service PO Box 1347 9570 Cuyamaca St., #103 Alameda, CA 94501 Santee, CA 92071 County: Alameda County: San Diego Phone: 510-569-0755 Phone: 619-444-6116 Email: [email protected] Email: [email protected]

← TABLE OF CONTENTS 46 Claudia Nuno — Ohad Samet Claudia Nuno Phillip Prince M. Leonard & Associates ARS National Services, Inc. PO Box 2339 PO Box 469046 Van Nuys, CA 91404 Escondido, CA 92046 County: Los Angeles County: San Diego Phone: 818-908-8500 Phone: 888-888-7080 Email: [email protected] Email: [email protected]

Patrick O’Laughlin Courtney Reynaud Kimball, Tirey & St. John Creditors Bureau USA 7676 Hazard Center Drive Ste 900-C PO Box 942 San Diego, CA 92108 Fresno, CA 93714 County: San Diego County: Fresno Phone: 619-234-1770 Phone: 559-485-7900 Email: [email protected] Email: [email protected]

Terrence Paff Tonya Richardson K. B. R. Inc. dba Rash Curtis & Associates California Business Bureau - San Diego PO Box 5790 PO Box 710340 Key By Contact Members: San Diego, CA 92171 Vacaville, CA 95696 County: San Diego County: Solano Phone: 858-492-1515 Phone: 707-454-2000 Email: [email protected] Email: [email protected] Michael Sahlbach Kelly Parsons-O’Brien Sacor Financial, Inc. Pacific Credit Services 1911 Douglas Blvd #85-205 PO Box 150 Roseville, CA 95661 Fairfield, CA 94533 County: Placer County: Solano Phone: 877-714-2280 Phone: 707-429-3211 Email: [email protected] Email: [email protected] Clinton Sallee Kent Pederson Fidelity Capital Holdings, Inc. dba Fidelity Creditor Northern Credit Service Service PO Box 820 PO Box 3963 Yreka, CA 91097 Glendale, CA 91201 County: Siskiyou County: Ventura Phone: 530-842-4710 Phone: 818-502-1981 x212 Email: [email protected] Email: [email protected]

Walter Poser Ohad Samet Poser Investments, Inc. TrueAccord Corp PO Box 850 303 Second Street, Suite 750 South Sierra Madre, CA 91025 San Francisco, CA 94107 County: Los Angeles County: San Francisco Phone: 626-355-7100 x107 Phone: 866-611-2731 Email: [email protected] Email: [email protected]

← TABLE OF CONTENTS 47 Miriam Sanchez — Robert Tavelli Miriam Sanchez Todd Shields Sonoma County Credit Services The Best Service Co., Inc. PO Box 1040 PO Box 45405 Santa Clara, CA 95052 Los Angeles, CA 90045 County: Santa Clara County: Los Angeles Phone: 707-528-6363 Phone: 310-477-0471 Email: [email protected] Email: [email protected]

Jim Schaffer Phillip Smith Pacific Credit Exchange Creative Recovery Concepts, Inc. 15760 Ventura Blvd Ste A-11 PO Box 2309 Encino, CA 91436 Rancho Cucamanga, CA 91729 County: Los Angeles County: San Bernadino Phone: 818-995-8424 Phone: 800-500-4345 Email: [email protected] Email: [email protected]

Chris Schumacher Bob Solloway Optio Solutions, LLC, dba Qualia Collection Services United Financial Service PO Box 4699 333 Washington Blvd Unit 153 Key By Contact Members: Petaluma, CA 94955 Marina Del Rey, CA 90292 County: Sonoma County: Los Angeles Phone: 800-360-2827 x3401 Phone: 310-434-0152 x105 Email: [email protected] Email: [email protected]

Richard Segol Francesca Strucksberg Alliance Credit Services, Inc. American Revenue Management, Inc. 4 Orinda Way Ste 180-C 675 Hegenberger Rd Ste 233 Orinda, CA 94563 Oakland, CA 94621 County: Contra Costa County: Alameda Phone: 925-791-1447 Phone: 510-632-3366 Email: [email protected] Email: [email protected]

Joe Selby Shawn Suhr Butte County Credit Bureau Continental Credit Control PO Box 7600 PO Box 30348 Chico, CA 95927 Santa Barbara, CA 93130 County: Butte County: Santa Barbara Phone: 530-342-6721 Phone: 805-899-4431 Email: [email protected] Email: [email protected]

Michael Sherman Robert Tavelli TSC Accounts Receivable Solutions Tavelli Co. DBA Tavco Credit Services 3900 S Stonebridge Dr, #701 PO Box 9340 McKinney, TX 75070 Santa Rosa, CA 95405 County: Collin County: Sonoma Phone: 760-444-5526 Phone: 707-509-5565 Email: [email protected] Email: [email protected]

← TABLE OF CONTENTS 48 — Terry Taylor Terry Taylor Bruce Tschannen Yes Online Inc, dba Dynamic Legal Recovery Acclaim Credit Technologies 29248 Black Pine Way 227 N West Street Santa Clarita, CA 91390 Visalia, CA 93291 County: Los Angeles Phone: 877-777-7564 County: Tulare Email: [email protected] Phone: 559-741-7141 Email: [email protected] Anthony Terry Continental Recovery & Filing Solutions, Inc. Troy Wilkinson PO Box 1389 Statewide Collection, Inc. Simi Valley, CA 93062 589 East Ave County: Ventura Chico, CA 95926 Phone: 805-823-8002 Email: [email protected] County: Butte Phone: 530-343-3792 April Thompson Email: [email protected] Duvera Billing Services dba EasyPay Finance 3220 Executive Ridge, Suite 200 Dennis Wright Vista, CA 92081 Central Business Bureau County: San Diego PO Box 628 Key By Contact Members: 760-602-5000 Phone: Porterville, CA 93258 Email: [email protected] County: Tulare Chris Thompson Phone: 559-784-4093 Herbert P Sears Company, Inc.,Dba: HP Sears Email: [email protected] 2000 18th Street Bakersfield, CA 93301 Cindy Yaklin County: Kern States Recovery Systems, Inc. Phone: 661-283-0228 2491 Sunrise Boulevard [email protected] Email: Rancho Cordova, CA 95670 Kimberly Trupiano County: Sacramento American Recovery Service, Inc. Phone: 916-631-7085 555 St Charles Drive Ste 100 Email: [email protected] Thousand Oaks, CA 91360 County: Los Angeles Phone: 888-395-2774 Email: [email protected]

← TABLE OF CONTENTS 49 Vendors, Associates & MAP

We empower clients across markets markets across clients empower We DiBuduo & DeFendis writes insurance insurance writes DeFendis & DiBuduo Coverages offered: Errors & Omissions, Flex is a direct payment processor Collection delinquent of fines

800-284-8247 x6542 800-831-6018 512-371-4301 866-584-2295 [email protected] [email protected] [email protected] [email protected] [email protected]

DiBuduo & DeFendis Insurance Insurance DeFendis DiBuduo & Brokers, LLC 101 Ste 6873 Ave N West Fresno, CA 93711 Contact: Debra Duckering PMB 700, 222600 Ste. W Broadway, San Diego, CA 92101 Phone: Description: access has and companies insurance 100 over for mostto insurance markets worldwide, and yet has no allegiance any one to insurance carrier. Finexus Insurance Agency, LLC Phone: Description: Crime, EmploymentWorkers Practices Comp, Cyber, Liability, Directors & Officers. Finexus Insurance Agency is specifically tailoredto meet the insurance needs collection of agencies in California. PaymentFlex Solutions, LLC #110 1855 Bowles Ave, Fenton , MO 63026 Contact: Zeitler Rob Email: Description: specializing created check), (remotely in RCC ACH, card processing, and pay-by-text, IVR payments. Municipal dba Gila LLC Services Bureau 325 Daniel 3 Suite Drive, Zenker 14845 NY Horseheads, Contact: Sackmary Elye Phone: Description: entities. government for fees and IDI 2650 N. Military 300 Suite Trail Boca Raton, FL 33431 Contact: Robert O’Dell Phone: and industries better to all execute aspects their of investigations, conducting risk, managing from business, identifying fraud and abuse, and collecting debts, identifyingto and acquiring new customers. Email: Email: Email: Email: Description:

Leader in simplifying the Debtmaster360 is an cloud-based innovative Compumail shows collection agencies collection shows Compumail CSS offers a full stackof financial Client and consumer portals to

800-873-2527 800-414-2814 925-771-3301 x301 925-771-3301 509-886-3100 877-277-4621 [email protected] [email protected] [email protected] [email protected] [email protected]

ABLE OF CONTENTS Description: business accounts of receivable and collection management creating by cloud innovative solutions. software on-premise and 372 24th Street,372 410 Suite 24th Description: collection software optimized for maximum performance. SoftwareDAKCS Systems Inc. 84401 UT Ogden, Phone: Email: Contact: Ashlee Hyden Description: usehow to their collection letters communicateto with debtors in a very clear and so that compellingprofits way, increase dramatically immediately, and exponentially. Comtronic Systems, LLC 110 E 2nd St 98922Cle Elum, WA Contact: Haley Kauzlarich Phone: Email: Email: 4057 Port Chicago 300 Hwy Ste Phone: Description: products for credit granting, revenue cycle collections, management, servicing, receivables, and portfoliolegal management. CompuMail Concord, CA 94520 Contact: Holway Jana Wenatchee, WA 98802 WA Wenatchee, Phone: Contact: Jeffers Michelle Applied Innovation Inc. Innovation Applied Eastmont93 112 Suite Avenue, VENDORS BY COMPANY NAME COMPANY Woodland Hills, CA 91367 Contact: Briganti Carl Phone: Email: Email: Description: increase efficiencies and speed up collections risk. compliance reducing while Solutions Collection Software, Inc. 5950 Canoga 120 Suite Avenue, ← T Vendors, Associates & MAP 51

Direct drop voicemail service voicemail drop Direct Comprehensive omnichannel cloud cloud omnichannel Comprehensive By using TCN’s cloud-based By using TCN’s predictive 855-737-1596 734-374-8300 888-745-5575 866-745-1900 [email protected] [email protected] [email protected] [email protected]

Description: contact suite, compliance dialer, and conversational conversational and dialer, compliance suite, contact bots for highly productive campaigns. VoApps 6100 Lake Forrest Drive #560 Description: 30328 GA Atlanta, Contact: Jagoda Neal Phone: Email: Renkim Corporation Renkim Phone: 13333 Allen Road 48195 MI Southgate, Contact: Robb Augg Email: Email: Description: dialing tools and services, clients can leverage the most technologies calling Inbound and Outbound sophisticated available, while maximizing available resources and ROI, all without massive capital outlay or new staff. Thrio, Inc. 91302 CA Calabasas, Contact: Rose Sinicrope Phone: Phone: 5230 Las Virgenes Rd, 210 Suite 162 N 400 E, B200 George,St. UT 84770 Contact: Gray Mike Email: Inc. TCN,

A SaaS company with a modern, NobelBiz is a Contact Center Ontario is the leading Systems PDCflowcomplete is a Payment 360-604-3531 512-288-6333 760-405-0105 x7039 765-751-7000 877-732-4814 [email protected] [email protected] [email protected] [email protected] [email protected]

ABLE OF CONTENTS Phone: Email: Description: web-based Debt Collection Software Platform and a patented Virtual Agent Collector. KG Hawes 300 Suite 400 International Way, Springfield,97477 IL Contact: Rhodes Jason Phone: NobelBiz Contact: David Atkinson Phone: Description: all-in-one provides that Company Technology solutions for call centers around the world. Ontario Systems 1150 W Kilgore Ave Contact: Baker Daniel Phone: Contact: Aaron Reiter Email: 4 Suite Carey1507 Ave, Cheyenne, WY 82001 Email: Muncie, IN 47305 InterProse 201NE Park Plaza Dr 98684 WA Vancouver, Email: Description: provider accounts of receivable solutions for industries. healthcare and collections the PDCflow 410 Ste Street 372 24th 84401 UT Ogden, Phone: Contact: Hannah Huerta Email: Description: Management Solution that is simple, quick, and secure, so businesses get The paid application faster. allows multi-channel payments, payment authorization with eSignatures, and document delivery for small business enterpriseto — all from one central platform. ← T Vendors, Associates & MAP 52

Sacramento Sacramento 916-502-1768 916-925-6620 760-431-9911 [email protected] [email protected] [email protected]

Contact: June Coleman Email: Ltd. Messer Strickler, 5960 S. Land #1059 Park Dr., County: Phone: Email: County: Phone: Sacramento, CA 95822 Contact: Griffin Tom Hefner, Stark and Marois and Stark Hefner, 2150 Plaza 450 River Drive Ste Sacramento, CA 95833 Email: Two Jinn Inc.Two 300 Suite 1000 Parkway, Aviara Carlsbad, CA 92011 Contact: Ross Norma Phone:

Los Angeles Los Los Angeles Los Sacramento 310-242-2200 x2221 310-242-2200 310-447-9000 541-773-6238 866-581-9566 916-283-8820 [email protected] [email protected] [email protected] [email protected] [email protected]

ABLE OF CONTENTS 5901 Century West Boulevard, 1200 Suite Los Angeles, CA 90045 Contact: David Kaminski County: Phone: Carlson & Messer, LLP Email: Berman Berman Berman Scheinder & Lowary, LLP Phone: MEMBERS’ ATTORNEY PROGRAM ATTORNEY MEMBERS’ 11900 Olympic West Blvd, 600 Suite Los Angeles, CA 90064 Contact: Amanda Griffith County: Contact: Brian Watkins Phone: Email: Ray Klein, Ray Inc. Service dba Professional Credit PO 4070 Box Medford, OR 97501 ASSOCIATE MEMBERSASSOCIATE PO 7637 Box Credit Southern Oregon Service, Inc. Springfield, OR 97475 OR Springfield, Contact: Horsfall Hannah Phone: Email: Phone: Ellis Law Group 1425 Park River 400 Suite Drive, Sacramento, CA 95815 Contact: Mark Ellis County: Email: Email: ← T CAC BILL LIST CAC 2021 LEGISLATIVE CONFERENCE 2021 has been an extremely busy year legislatively . The Legislature has trained its sights on the collection industry by introducing a number of bills that will make it more difficult than ever to collect legitimately owed debt . CAC needs your help in opposing these bills and, where possible, working to make them more suitable for the industry . Additionally, CAC reintroduced its bill designed to update the statute that proscribes the actions of credit repair agencies like Lexington Law .

AB 1089 (Grayson) Sponsored by CAC and introduced by Assembly Member Tim Grayson, this bill (which was AB 699 in the prior legislative session) aims to update the Credit Repair Act of 1984 and to require more transparency and accountability from credit repair companies . If this bill becomes law, it will impose new requirements and restrictions (including limits on frivolous disputes) on credit repair agencies such as Lexington Law .

SB 531 (Wieckowski) This bill seeks to amend the Rosenthal Act to extend to debt collectors many of the existing requirements imposed on debt buyers under the Fair Debt Buying Practices Act . If passed, creditors or debt buyers would be required to send a “good-bye” letter to the consumer after the debt is sold or assigned . Also, in its first written communication with a consumer, a debt collector must include the notice identified in Exhibit A . And, within 30 days of after a consumer’s request therefor, a debt collector must provide the consumer with the information and documentation listed on Exhibit A hereto .

AB 1020 (Friedman) This bill seeks to delay the assignment of hospital debt to a debt collector for 180 days from the initial billing and it seeks to extend to the collection of hospital debt many of the existing requirements imposed on debt buyers under the Fair Debt Buying Practices Act (FDBPA) . If this bill becomes law, debt collectors, when attempting to collect debt that is passed the statute of limitations, must include the applicable time-bred debt notice described in the FDBPA in their written communication with consumers . This bill will also obligate debt collectors to provide, in their first written communication with consumers, certain information and documentation relating to the hospital debt . These requirements are under negotiation and are being revised as Legislative Day is occurring . CAC anticipates that debt collectors will be required to provide a statement identifying the original hospital creditor, the dates of service and the balance owed . Further, AB 1020 will require debt collectors to include those allegations, information and documentation identified in Exhibit B

← TABLE OF CONTENTS 53 hereto with any complaint to collect hospital debt .

AB 424 (Stone) This bill seeks to impose some of the requirements of the FDBPA on private student loan lenders and debt collectors attempting to collect private student loan debt .

AB 430 Assembly Member Grayson introduced this bill which would allow an alleged victim of identity theft to provide a copy of a Federal Trade Commission Identity Theft Affidavit signed under penalty of perjury and not require a police report .

SB 91 The Governor signed SB 91 on January 29, 2021, which became effective immediately . SB 91 extended and expanded the COVID-19 Tenant Relief Act of 2020 . The bill was part of a larger economic response and package negotiated between the Governor and Legislature . It places substantial restrictions on the ability to assign, sell and attempt to collect delinquent residential lease debt and extended the moratorium thereon through June of 2021 .

SB 373 This bill, which the author recently agreed to extend to a two-year bill, aims to stop the collection of debt owed by victims of economic abuse . As presently drafted, this bill has many problems including its ill-defined standards for determining economic abuse . CAC has agreed to work with the author once the legislature adjourns for the year .

SB 908 As we know, this bill, signed into law in 2020, requires the DFPI to license debt collectors starting January 1, 2022 .

← TABLE OF CONTENTS 54 EXHIBIT A SB 531 Notice to Be Sent Per SB 532, in its first written communication with a consumer, a debt collector must provide this notice in no smaller than 12-point type: “You may request records showing the following: (1) that [insert name of debt collector] has the right to seek collection of the debt; (2) the debt balance, including an explanation of any interest charges and additional fees; (3) the date the debt became delinquent or the date of the last payment; (4) the name of the creditor and the account number associated with the debt; (5) the name and last known address of the debtor as it appeared in the creditor’s records prior to assignment of the debt; and (6) the names of all persons or entities other than the debt collector to which the debt has been assigned, if applicable . You may also request from us a copy of the contract or other document evidencing your agreement to the debt . A request for these records may be addressed to: [insert debt collector’s active mailing address and email address, if applicable] ”. *If a language other than English is principally used by the debt collector in the initial oral contact with the debtor, the notice required by this subdivision shall be provided to the debtor in that language within five business days .

Information and Documentation to Have Access to before First Written Communication A debt collector shall not make a written statement to a debtor in an attempt to collect a delinquent consumer debt unless the debt collector has access to the following: A copy of a contract or other document evidencing the debtor’s agreement to the debt or, if the claim is based on debt for which no signed contract or agreement exists, the debt collector shall have access to a copy of a document provided to the debtor while the account was active, demonstrating that the debt was incurred by the debtor and, for a revolving credit account, the most recent monthly statement recording a purchase transaction, last payment, or balance transfer shall be deemed sufficient to satisfy the requirements of this subparagraph .

Information and Documentation to Be Provided upon Request Upon the consumer’s request, the following information and documentation must be provided within 30 days or cease collection activity: 1 . A statement that the debt collector has authority to assert the rights of the creditor to collect the debt .

← TABLE OF CONTENTS 55 2 . The debt balance and an explanation of the amount, nature, and reason for all interest and fees, if any, imposed by the creditor or any subsequent entities to which the debt was assigned . This explanation shall identify separately the balance, the total of any interest, and the total of any fees . 3 . The date the debt became delinquent or the date of the last payment . 4 . The name and an address of the creditor and the creditor’s account number associated with the debt . The creditor’s name and address shall be in sufficient form so as to reasonably identify the creditor . 5 . The name and last known address of the debtor as they appeared in the creditor’s records before the assignment of the debt to the debt collector . 6 . The names and addresses of all persons or entities other than the debt collector to which the debt was assigned . The names and addresses shall be in sufficient form so as to reasonably identify each assignee . 7 . The California license number of the debt collector . 8 . A copy of the “good-bye letter” that the assigning creditor must send to the consumer upon the assignment of the debt .

← TABLE OF CONTENTS 56 EXHIBIT B AB 1020 Allegations, Information & Documentation to b e Included with Lawsuits for Hospital Debt 1 . That the plaintiff is a debt collector . 2 . The nature of the underlying debt and the hospital services from which it is derived, in a short and plain statement . 3 . A statement of efforts to comply with Section 127420 of the Health and Safety Code to screen the individual for health coverage programs and hospital financial assistance . 4 . The debt balance at charge off and an explanation of the amount, nature, and reason for all post-charge-off interest and fees, if any, imposed by the charge-off creditor or a subsequent purchaser of the debt . This paragraph shall not be deemed to require a specific itemization, but the explanation shall identify separately the charge-off balance, the total of any post-charge- off interest, and the total of any post-charge-off fees . 5 . The date of default or the date of the last payment, and the date of charge off . 6 . The name and address of the hospital at the time of charge off . 7 . The hospital’s account number associated with the debt . 8 . A copy of the hospital bills and documentation of efforts to comply with Section 127420 of the Health and Safety Code to screen the individual for health coverage programs and hospital financial assistance shall be attached to the complaint in an action brought by a debt collector for debt that originated with a hospital licensed pursuant to subdivision (a) of Section 1250 of the Health and Safety Code . [This requirement may be deleted for privacy reasons ]. These requirements are being negotiated and revised .

← TABLE OF CONTENTS 57 EXHIBIT C AB 424 Private Student Loan Debt Information and Documentation Collector Must Provide with First Written Communication and upon a Debtor’s Request 1 . The name of the owner of the private education loan . 2 . The creditor’s name at the time of default, if applicable . 3 . The creditor’s account number used to identify the private education loan at the time of default, if the original creditor used an account number to identify the private education loan at the time of default . 4 . The amount due at default . 5 . An itemization of interest and fees, if any, claimed to be owed and whether those were imposed by the original creditor or any subsequent owners of the private education loan . 6 . The date that the private education loan was incurred . 7 . The date of the first partial payment or the first day that a payment was missed, whichever is earlier . 8 . The date and amount of the last payment, if applicable . 9 . Any payments, settlement, or financial remuneration of any kind paid to the creditor by a guarantor, cosigner, or surety, and the amount of payment received . 10 . The names of all persons or entities that owned the private education loan after the time of default, if applicable, and the date of each sale or transfer . 11 . A copy of the self-certification form and any other “needs analysis” conducted by the original creditor prior to origination of the loan . 12 . Documentation establishing that the creditor is the owner of the specific individual private education loan at issue and, if there have been multiple assignments of the debt, the creditor shall possess each assignment or other writing evidencing the transfer of ownership of the specific individual private education loan to establish an unbroken chain of ownership . Each assignment or other writing evidencing transfer of ownership or the right to collect must contain the original creditor’s account number (redacted for security purposes to show only the last four digits) of the private education loan purchased or otherwise assigned, the date of purchase and assignment, and must clearly show the borrower’s correct name associated with the original account number . 13 . A copy of all pages of the contract, application, or other documents evidencing the debtor’s liability for the private

← TABLE OF CONTENTS 58 education loan, stating all terms and conditions applicable to the private education loan . 14 . A log of all collection attempts made in the last 12 months, including date and time of all calls and letters . 15 . A statement as to whether the creditor is willing to renegotiate the terms of the private student loan . 16 . Copies of all settlement letters made in the last 12 months, or, in the alternative, a statement that the creditor has not attempted to settle or otherwise renegotiate the debt prior to suit . 17 . A statement as to whether the private education loan is eligible for an income-based repayment plan . 18 . A statement as to whether the debt arising from the private education loan is dischargeable in bankruptcy .

Allegations, Information & Documentation to be Included with Lawsuits for Private Student Loan Items 1 through 10 must be alleged and items 14 through 16 must be attached as exhibits .

← TABLE OF CONTENTS 59 State Representatives 60

916-319-2048 916-319-2077 916-319-2015 916-319-2013 916-319-2004 916-319-2042 916-319-2041 916-319-2078

48 77 13 15 4 42 41 78 Azusa, Covina, Duarte, El Berkeley, El Cerrito, Emeryville, Cerrito, El Berkeley, Poway, Rancho Santa Poway, Fe, San Diego Mountain House, Stockton, Thornton, Tracy Thornton, Stockton, House, Mountain American Canyon, Calistoga, Clearlake, Clearlake, Calistoga, Canyon, American Beaumont, Hemet, La Quinta, La Quinta, Hemet, Beaumont, Claremont, La Verne, Monrovia, Monrovia, La Verne, Claremont, Coronado, Imperial Del Mar, Beach, Blanca Rubio - D Blanca - Rubio District: Capitol Office Phone: Office Capitol Cities: Monte, Glendora, Covina West D Maienschein - Brian District: Capitol Office Phone: Office Capitol Cities: Pablo San Richmond, Pinole, Oakland, Villapudua D - Carlos District: District: Phone: Office Capitol Cities: Buffy Wicks - D Capitol Office Phone: Office Capitol Cities: Aguilar-Curry D - Cecilia District: Phone: Office Capitol Cities: Davis, Dixon, Lakeport, Napa, Rohnert Park, St. Helena, Williams, Winters, Woodland, Yountville Chad - R Mayes District: Phone: Office Capitol Cities: Palm Desert, Palm Springs, San Jacinto, Palms,Twentynine Yucaipa, Valley Yucca Chris Holden - D District: Capitol Office Phone: Office Capitol Cities: Pasadena, Cucamonga, Rancho San Dimas, Sierra Madre, South Pasadena, Upland Christopher - D Ward District: Phone: Office Capitol Cities: La Jolla, San Diego, Solana Beach to find your state Representatives state your find to gov/ ca . . .legislature

916-319-2021 916-319-2046 916-319-2025 916-319-2066 916-319-2063 916-319-2079 916-319-2062 916-319-2027 916-319-2020

21 46 66 25 63 79 62 27 20 Atwater, Chowchilla, Dos Palos, Atwater, Irwin, Livingston, North Hollywood, Panorama Sherman City, Gardena, Lomita, Manhattan Beach, Palos Verdes Chula Vista, La Mesa, Lemon Fremont, Milpitas, San Jose, Santa Clara San Jose San Bell, Hawaiian Gardens, Cudahy, Lakewood, Long El Segundo, Gardena, Hawthorne, Inglewood, Inglewood, Hawthorne, Gardena, Segundo, El Fremont, Hayward, Pleasanton, Union City Union Pleasanton, Hayward, Fremont,

ABLE OF CONTENTS REPRESENTATIVES BY NAME BY REPRESENTATIVES http://findyourrep Visit Adam - D Gray District: Phone: Office Capitol STATE ASSEMBLY Adrin Nazarian - D District: Los Banos, Merced, Newman, Patterson, Turlock, Volta Phone: Office Capitol Cities: Al Muratsuchi - D District: Oaks, Lake, Village, Toluca Valley Nuys Studio Van City, Cities: Alex Lee - D District: Phone: Office Capitol Estates, Redondo Beach, Torrance, West Carson West Torrance, Beach, Redondo Estates, Cities: Capitol Office Phone: Office Capitol Anthony Rendon - D D - Rendon Anthony District: Phone: Office Capitol Grove, National SanGrove, City, Diego Cities: District: Phone: Office Capitol Akilah Weber, MDAkilah - D Weber, Cities: District: Phone: Office Capitol Autumn Burke - D Ash Kalra - D District: Phone: Office Capitol Cities: Beach, Lynwood, Maywood, Paramount, South Gate South Paramount, Maywood, Lynwood, Beach, Cities: Bill Quirk - D Lawndale, Los Angeles, Marina Del Rey, Venice Angeles, Rey, Del Los Marina Lawndale, District: Cities: Capitol Office Phone: Office Capitol Cities: ← T Cristina Garcia - D — Jim Cooper - D Cristina Garcia - D Frank Bigelow - R District: 58 District: 5 Capitol Office Phone: 916-319-2058 Capitol Office Phone: 916-319-2005 Cities: Bell Gardens, Bellflower, Cerritos, Cities: Angels Camp, Auburn, Chowchilla, Commerce, Downey, Montebello, Pico Rivera Ione, Jackson, Madera, O’Neals, Placerville, San Andreas, South Lake Tahoe Cottie Petrie-Norris - D District: 74 Freddie Rodriguez - D Capitol Office Phone: 916-319-2074 District: 52 Cities: Costa Mesa, Huntington Beach, Irvine, Capitol Office Phone: 916-319-2052 Laguna Beach, Lunga Woods, Newport Beach Cities: Chino, Fontana, Montclair, Ontario, Pomona

David Chiu - D Heath Flora - R District: 17 District: 12 Capitol Office Phone: 916-319-2017 Capitol Office Phone: 916-319-2012 Cities: San Francisco Cities: Escalon, Lathrop, Manteca, Ripon, Hughson, Modesto, Oakdale, Riverbank, Turlock, Waterford Devon Mathis - R District: 26 Jacqui Irwin - D Capitol Office Phone: 916-319-2026 District: 44 Cities: Bakersfield, Delano, Dinuba, Hanford, Capitol Office Phone: 916-319-2044 Lindsay, Porterville, Tulare, Visalia Cities: Camarillo, Moorpark, Oxnard, Port Hueneme, Thousand Oaks Dr. Joaquin Arambula - D District: 31 James Gallagher - R Capitol Office Phone: 916-319-2031 District: 3 Cities: Caruthers, Coalinga, Dinuba, Firebaugh, Fresno, Capitol Office Phone: 916-319-2003 Fowler, Kerman, Mendota, Parlier, Sanger, San Joaquin Cities: Chico, Colusa, Marysville, Oroville, Paradise, Red Bluff, Vacaville, Yuba City Ed Chau - D District: 49 James Ramos - D Capitol Office Phone: 916-319-2049 District: 40 Cities: Alhambra, Arcadia, El Monte, Capitol Office Phone: 916-319-2040 Monterey Park, Rosemead, San Gabriel, San Cities: Highland, Loma Linda, Rancho Marino, South El Monte Temple City Cucamonga, Redlands, San Bernardino

Eduardo Garcia - D Janet Nguyen - R 56 72

District: District: State Representatives Capitol Office Phone: 916-319-2056 Capitol Office Phone: 916-319-2072 Cities: Blythe, Brawley, Calexico, Cathedral City, Cities: Fountain Valley, Garden Grove, Los Coachella, Desert Hot Springs, El Centro, Imperial, Indio Alamitos, Seal Beach, Westminster

Eloise Gomez Reyes - D Jesse Gabriel - D District: 47 District: 45 Capitol Office Phone: 916-319-2047 Capitol Office Phone: 916-319-2045 Cities: Bloomington, Colton, Fontana, Grand Cities: Calabasas, Canoga Park, Chatsworth, Terrace, Muscoy, Rialto, San Bernardino Encino, Los Angeles, Northridge, West Hills, Winnetka, Woodland Hills Evan Low - D District: 28 Jim Cooper - D Capitol Office Phone: 916-319-2028 District: 9 Cities: Campbell, Cupertino, Los Gatos, Capitol Office Phone: 916-319-2009 Monte Sereno, San Jose, Saratoga Cities: Elk Grove, Galt, Lodi, Sacramento

← TABLE OF CONTENTS 61 Jim Frazier - D — Marc Levine - D Jim Frazier - D Kevin Mullin - D District: 11 District: 22 Capitol Office Phone: 916-319-2011 Capitol Office Phone: 916-319-2022 Cities: Antioch, Brentwood, Fairfield, Oakley, Cities: Belmont, Burlingame, Foster City, Pittsburg, Suisun City, Vacaville, Walnut Grove Millbrae, Pacifica, Redwood City, San Bruno, San Carlos, San Mateo, South San Francisco Jim Patterson - R District: 23 Laura Friedman - D Capitol Office Phone: 916-319-2023 District: 43 Cities: Clovis, Fresno Capitol Office Phone: 916-319-2043 Cities: Burbank, Glendale, La Canada, Jim Wood - D La Crescenta, Los Angeles District: 2 Capitol Office Phone: 916-319-2002 Laurie Davies - R Cities: Arcata, Blocksburg, Caspar, Crescent District: 73 City, Dos Rios, Eureka, Fortuna, Garberville, Capitol Office Phone: 916-319-2073 Santa Rosa, Whitethorn, Ukiah Cities: Aliso Viejo, Dana Point, Laguna Hills, Laguna Niguel, Mission Viejo, Rancho Santa Jordan Cunningham - R Margarita, San Clemente, San Juan Capistrano District: 35 Capitol Office Phone: 916-319-2001 Lisa Calderon - D Cities: Arroyo Grande, Atascadero, District: 57 Lompoc, Paso Robles, Santa Maria Capitol Office Phone: 916-319-2057 Cities: Buena Park, Hacienda Heights, Jose Medina - D La Mirada, La Puente, Norwalk, Santa Fe District: 61 Springs, South El Monte, Whittier Capitol Office Phone: 916-319-2061 Cities: Moreno Valley, Perris, Riverside Lorena Gonzalez Fletcher - D District: 80 Kelly Seyarto - R Capitol Office Phone: 916-319-2080 District: 67 Cities: Chula Vista, National City, San Diego Capitol Office Phone: 916-319-2067 Cities: Canyon Lake, Hemet, Lake Luz Rivas - D Elsinore, Menifee, Murrieta District: 39 Capitol Office Phone: 916-319-2039 Ken Cooley - D Cities: North Hollywood, Pacoima, San Fernando, District: 8 Sunland-Tujunga, Sun Valley, Sylmar Capitol Office Phone: 916-319-2008 State Representatives Cities: Carmichael, Citrus Heights, Rancho Cordova Marc Berman - D District: 24 Kevin Kiley - R Capitol Office Phone: 916-319-2024 District: 6 Cities: Atherton, East Palo Alto, Half Moon Bay, Los Capitol Office Phone: 916-319-2006 Altos, Los Altos Hills, Menlo Park, Mountain View, Cities: Cameron Park, El Dorado Hills, Fair Palo Alto, Portola Valley, Sunnyvale, Woodside Oaks, Folsom, Granite Bay, Lincoln, Loomis, Orangevale, Rocklin, Roseville Marc Levine - D District: 10 Kevin McCarty - D Capitol Office Phone: 916-319-2010 District: 7 Cities: Belvedere, Corte Madera, Fairfax, Larkspur, Capitol Office Phone: 916-319-2007 Mill Valley, Novato, Ross, San Anselmo, San Cities: Antelope, Elverta, Rio Linda, Rafael, Sausalito, Tiburon, Cotati, Petaluma, Sacramento, West Sacramento Santa Rosa, Sebastopol, Sonoma

← TABLE OF CONTENTS 62 Marie Waldron - R — Steve Bennett - D Marie Waldron - R Rebecca Bauer-Kahan - D District: 75 District: 16 Capitol Office Phone: 916-319-2075 Capitol Office Phone: 916-319-2016 Cities: Escondido, Fallbrook, San Marcos, Temecula, Vista Cities: Alamo, Danville, Dublin, Lafayette, Livermore, Moraga, Orinda, Pleasanton, San Ramon, Walnut Creek Mark Stone - D District: 29 Reginald Jones-Sawyer Sr. - D Capitol Office Phone: 916-319-2029 District: 59 Cities: Boulder Creek, Carmel, Carmel Valley, Marina, Capitol Office Phone: 916-319-2059 Monterey, Prunedale, Santa Cruz, Scotts Valley Cities: Florence-Fireston, Huntington Park, Los Angeles, Walnut Park Megan Dahle - R Richard Bloom - D District: 1 District: 50 Capitol Office Phone: 916-319-2001 Capitol Office Phone: 916-319-2050 Anderson, Grass Valley, Mt. Shasta, Quincy, Cities: Cities: Agoura Hills, Bel Aire, Beverly Hills, Brentwood, Redding, Susanville, Truckee, Weed, Yreka Hollywood, Los Angeles, Malibu, Pacific Palisades, Santa Monica, West Hollywood, West Los Angeles Miguel Santiago - D District: 53 Robert Rivas - D Capitol Office Phone: 916-319-2053 District: 30 Cities: Huntington Park, Los Angeles, Vernon Capitol Office Phone: 916-319-2030 Cities: Gilroy, Hollister, Morgan Hills, Mike Gipson - D Salinas, Soledad, Watsonville District: 64 Capitol Office Phone: 916-319-2064 Rudy Salas - D Cities: Carson, Compton, Gardena, Long District: 32 Beach, Los Angeles, Torrance Capitol Office Phone: 916-319-2032 Cities: Bakersfield, Delano, Hanford, Patrick O’Donnell - D Lemoore, Shafter, Wasco District: 70 Capitol Office Phone: 916-319-2070 Sabrina Cervantes - D Cities: Avalon, Long Beach, Los District: 60 Angeles, San Pedro, Signal Hill Capitol Office Phone: 916-319-2060 Cities: Corona, Eastvale, Jurupa Valley, Norco, Riverside Phil Ting - D District: 19 Sharon Quirk-Silva - D 65 Capitol Office Phone: 916-319-2019 District: State Representatives Capitol Office Phone: 916-319-2065 Cities: Colma, Daly City, San Francisco, Cities: Anaheim, Buena Park, Cerritos, South San Francisco Cypress, Fullerton, La Palma

Phillip Chen - R “Smitty” Thurston Smith - R District: 55 District: 33 Capitol Office Phone: 916-319-2055 Capitol Office Phone: 916-319-2033 Cities: Brea, Chino Hills, Covina, Diamond Bar, Cities: Apple Valley, Barstow, Hesperia, Industry, La Habra, La Habra Heights, Placentia, San Bernardino, Victorville Rowland Heights, Walnut, West Covina, Yorba Linda Steve Bennett - D Randy Voepel - R District: 37 District: 71 Capitol Office Phone: 916-319-2037 Capitol Office Phone: 916-319-2071 Cities: Carpinteria, Fillmore, Goleta, Montecito, Cities: El Cajon, East Hemet, Santee, Ramona, Temecula Ojai, Santa Barbara, Santa Paula, Ventura

← TABLE OF CONTENTS 63 Steven Choi - R — VACANT Steven Choi - R Tom Lackey - R District: 68 District: 36 Capitol Office Phone: 916-319-2068 Capitol Office Phone: 916-319-2036 Cities: Anaheim, Irvine, Lake Forest, Cities: California City, Lancaster, Orange, Santa Ana, Tustin, Villa Park Mojave, Palmdale, Santa Clarita Suzette Martinez Valladares - R Vince Fong - R District: 38 District: 34 Capitol Office Phone: 916-319-2038 Capitol Office Phone: 916-319-2034 Cities: Canyon Country, Castaic, Chatsworth, Cities: Bakersfield, Ridgecrest, Taft, Tehachapi Northridge, Santa Clarita, Simi Valley Wendy Carrillo - D Tasha Horvath Boerner - D District: 51 District: 76 Capitol Office Phone: 916-319-2051 Capitol Office Phone: 916-319-2076 Cities: Northeastern Los Angeles, Eastside Cities: Camp Pendleton, Carlsbad, Encinitas, Oceanside, Vista VACANT District: 18 Tim Grayson - D Capitol Office Phone: 916-319-2018 District: 14 Cities: Alameda, Oakland, San Leandro Capitol Office Phone: 916-319-2014 Cities: Benicia, Concord, Lafayette, Martinez, VACANT Pittsburg, Vallejo, Walnut Creek District: 54 Capitol Office Phone: 916-319-2054 Tom Daly - D Cities: Beverly Hills, Culver City, Los Angeles, District: 69 Marina Del Rey, Venice,West Los Angeles Capitol Office Phone: 916-319-2069 Cities: Anaheim, Garden Grove, Orange, Santa Ana State Representatives

← TABLE OF CONTENTS 64 State Representatives 65

916-651-4001 916-651-4038 916-651-4015 916-651-4037 916-651-4020 916-651-4027 916-651-4004 916-651-4017

1 20 38 15 37 27 4 17 Alpine, El Cajon, Escondido, Fallbrook, La Alturas, Auburn, Fair Oaks, Folsom, Grass Valley, Oaks, Folsom, GrassValley, Fair Auburn, Alturas, Campbell, Cupertino, Los Gatos, San Jose, Saratoga Chino, Colton, Fontana, Montclair, Fontana, Montclair, Colton, Chino, Anaheim, Costa Mesa, Huntington Beach, Agoura, Calabasas, Encino, Malibu, Chico, Oroville, Paradise,YubaCity Red Bluff, Carmel, San Luis Monterey, Brian Dahle - R District: Phone: Office Capitol Cities: RanchoMesa, Santa Poway, Fe, Santee, San Marcos Leyva-DConnie District: Cities: Orangevale, Placerville, Redding, Rancho Cordova, Shingle Springs, South Lake Susanville, Tahoe, Truckee R - Jones Brian District: Phone: Office Capitol District: Phone: Office Capitol Cities: Min - DDave Cities: Ontario, Pomona, Rialto, San Bernardino CorteseDave - D District: Phone: Office Capitol Cities: Irvine, Laguna Beach, Laguna Woods, Lake Forest, Newport Beach, Orange, Tustin Henry Stern - D District: Phone: Office Capitol Capitol Office Phone: Office Capitol Cities: Tarzana, Moorpark, Oaks, Sherman Valley, Simi Thousand Oaks, Nuys, Van Woodland Hills Jim Nielsen - R District: Phone: Office Capitol Cities: John Laird - D District: Phone: Office Capitol Cities: Obispo, Santa Cruz, Watsonville

916-651-4025 916-651-4026 916-651-4008 916-651-4012 916-651-4900 916-651-4003 916-651-4900 916-651-4032

25 26 8 12 40 3 10 32 Altadena, Arcadia, Burbank, Claremont, Duarte, Duarte, Burbank, Altadena, Arcadia, Claremont, Clovis, Fresno, Modesto, Turlock Ceres, Chowchilla, Atwater, Coalinga, Beverly Hills, Hollywood, Los Calexico, Chula Vista, Brawley, El Centro, Artesia, Bellflower, Buena Park, Cerritos, Cerritos, Park, Buena Bellflower, Artesia, Castro Valley, Fremont, Hayward, Hayward, Fremont, Valley, Castro Davis, Fairfield, Martinez, Napa,

ABLE OF CONTENTS Ben Allen - D Glendale, Glendora, La Canada Flintridge, Pasadena, Glendora, La Glendale, Canada Flintridge, San Dimas, San Marino, South Pasadena, Upland District: District: Phone: Office Capitol Cities: Phone: Office Capitol Anthony Portantino - D Anna Caballero - D Los King Banos,Hollister, City, Madera, Merced, Patterson, Salinas,Modesto, Soledad District: Phone: Office Capitol Cities: District: Phone: Office Capitol Cities:

REPRESENTATIVES BY NAME BY REPRESENTATIVES R - Borgeas Andreas STATE SENATE Ben Hueso - D District: Phone: Office Capitol Bill Dodd - D District: Phone: Office Capitol Angeles,Palos Verdes, Redondo Beach, Santa Santa Beach, Redondo Verdes, Angeles,Palos Monica, Hollywood West Torrance, Imperial Beach, National San City, Diego Cities: Cities: Bob Wieckowski - D Commerce, Downey, Hacienda Heights, La Habra La Habra Heights, Hacienda Downey, Commerce, Heights, La Mirada, Lakewood, Montebello, Norwalk, Whittier Whittier, Springs, South Santa Fe Rivera, Pico Cities: District: Phone: Office Capitol Milpitas, Newark, Santa Clara, Union City Cities: Capitol Office Phone: Office Capitol Bob Archuleta - D District: Sonoma, Vallejo, Woodland. Vallejo, Sonoma, Cities: ← T Josh Becker - D — Shannon Grove - R Josh Becker - D Nancy Skinner - D District: 13 District: 9 Capitol Office Phone: 916-651-4013 Capitol Office Phone: 916-651-4009 Cities: Mountain View, Palo Alto, Redwood Cities: Albany, Alameda, Berkeley, El Cerrito, City, San Bruno, San Mateo, Santa Clara, Emeryville, Hercules, Oakland, Piedmont, South San Francisco, Sunnyvale Pinole, Richmond, San Pablo, San Leandro

Josh Newman - D Pat Bates - R District: 29 District: 36 Capitol Office Phone: 916-651-4029 Capitol Office Phone: 916-651-4036 Cities: Anaheim, Brea, Buena Park, Chino, Chino Hills, Cities: Encinitas, Laguna Niguel, Mission City of Industry, Cypress, Diamond Bar, Fullerton, Viejo, Oceanside, San Clemente, Vista La Habra, La Palma, Placentia, Rowland Heights, Stanton, Walnut, West Covina, Yorba Linda Richard Pan - D District: 6 Lena Gonzalez - D Capitol Office Phone: 916-651-4006 District: 33 Cities: Elk Grove, North Sacramento, Sacramento Capitol Office Phone: 916-651-4033 Cities: Bell, Bell Gardens, Cudahy, Huntington Richard Roth - D Park, Lakewood, Long Beach, South Los Angeles, District: 31 Lynwood, Maywood, Paramount, Signal Capitol Office Phone: 916-651-4031 Hill, South Gate, Vernon, Walnut Park Cities: Corona, Eastvale, Jurupa Valley, Moreno Valley, Norco, Perris, Riverside. Maria Elena Durazo - D District: 24 Robert Hertzberg - D Capitol Office Phone: 916-651-4024 District: 18 Cities: Los Angeles Capitol Office Phone: 916-651-4018 Cities: Burbank, Los Angeles, San Fernando Melissa Hurtado - D District: 14 Rosilicie Ochoa Bogh - R Capitol Office Phone: 916-651-4014 District: 23 Cities: Arvin, Delano, Dinuba, Fresno, Capitol Office Phone: 916-651-4023 Hanford, Porterville, Wasco Cities: Banning, Beaumont, Hemet, Big Bear City, Callimesa, Highland, Loma Linda, Menifee, Melissa Melendez - R Phelan, Rancho Cucamonga, Redlands, District: 28 San Bernardino, San Jacinto, Yucaipa Capitol Office Phone: 916-651-4028 Cities: Coachella, Indio, La Quinta, Palm Scott Wiener - D State Representatives Desert, Palm Springs, Temecula District: 11 Capitol Office Phone: 916-651-4011 Mike McGuire - D Cities: Daly City, Pacifica, San Francisco District: 2 Capitol Office Phone: 916-651-4002 Scott Wilk - R Cities: Arcata, Clearlake, Crescent City, Eureka, District: 21 San Rafael, Santa Rosa, Sebastopol, Ukiah Capitol Office Phone: 916-651-4021 Cities: Apple Valley, Hesperia, Lancaster, Monique Limon - D Palmdale, Santa Clarita, Victorville District: 19 Capitol Office Phone: 916-651-4019 Shannon Grove - R Cities: Camarillo, Goleta, Lompoc, Ojai, District: 16 Oxnard, Port Hueneme, Santa Barbara, Capitol Office Phone: 916-651-4016 Santa Maria, Santa Paula, Ventura Cities: Bakersfield, Caliente, Edwards, Ridgecrest, Visalia

← TABLE OF CONTENTS 66 Steve Glazer - D — Pres Pro Tem Toni Atkins - D Steve Glazer - D Sydney Kamlager - D District: 7 District: 30 Capitol Office Phone: 916-651-4007 Capitol Office Phone: 916-651-4030 Cities: Antioch, Brentwood, Concord, Danville, Cities: Culver City, Los Angeles, South Los Angeles Dublin, Lafayette, Livermore, Moraga, Oakley, Orinda, Pittsburg, Pleasanton, San Ramon, Walnut Creek Thomas J. Umberg - D District: 34 Steven Bradford - D Capitol Office Phone: 916-651-4034 District: 35 Cities: Anaheim, Buena Park, Fullerton, Garden Capitol Office Phone: 916-651-4035 Grove, Santa Ana, Stanton, Westminster Cities: Carson, Compton, Gardena, Harbor City, Hawthorne, Inglewood, Lawndale, Pres Pro Tem Toni Atkins - D South Los Angeles, San Pedro, Torrance District: 39 Capitol Office Phone: 916-651-4039 Susan Talamantes Eggman - D Cities: Coronado, Del Mar, La Jolla, District: 5 San Diego, Solana Beach Capitol Office Phone: 916-651-4005 Cities: Escalon, Galt, Lathrop, Lodi, Manteca, Modesto, Ripon, Riverbank, Stockton, Tracy Susan Rubio - D District: 22 Capitol Office Phone: 916-651-4022 Cities: Alhambra, Arcadia, Azusa, Baldwin Park, Covina, El Monte, La Puente, Monterey Park, Rosemead, West Covina State Representatives

← TABLE OF CONTENTS 67 BYLAWS OF THE ASSOCIATION Adopted October 23, 2014

ARTICLE I. FORMATION AND PURPOSE SECTION 1. NAME...... 71 SECTION 2. PURPOSE AND OBJECTIVES...... 71 SECTION 3. CORPORATE SEAL ...... 71 SECTION 4. LOCATION OF PRINCIPAL OFFICE...... 71 ARTICLE II. MEMBERSHIP SECTION 1. CLASSES AND CATEGORIES ...... 71 SECTION 2. AFFILIATION WITH ACA...... 71 SECTION 3. FORM OF APPLICATION...... 71 SECTION 4. APPLICATION REVIEW...... 71 SECTION 5. CERTIFICATE OF MEMBERSHIP...... 71 SECTION 6. PRIVILEGES AND RESPONSIBILITIES...... 71 SECTION 7. NOTIFICATION OF CHANGE OF INFORMATION. .72 SECTION 8. VOTING RIGHTS...... 72 SECTION 9. PARTICIPATION LEVEL...... 73 SECTION 10. PUBLICATIONS...... 73 SECTION 11. LOGO USE ...... 73 SECTION 12. CHANGE IN OWNERSHIP...... 73 SECTION 13. RESIGNATION...... 73 ARTICLE III. ACTIVE MEMBERS SECTION 1. QUALIFICATIONS...... 74 SECTION 2. ACA MEMBERSHIP REQUIREMENT...... 74 SECTION 3. ELECTION TO MEMBERSHIP...... 74 ARTICLE IV. MEMBER ATTORNEY PROGRAM SECTION 1. QUALIFICATIONS...... 74 SECTION 2. ACA MEMBERSHIP REQUIREMENT ...... 74 SECTION 3. ELECTION TO MEMBERSHIP...... 74 ARTICLE V. ASSOCIATE MEMBERS SECTION 1. QUALIFICATIONS...... 74 SECTION 2. ACA MEMBERSHIP REQUIREMENT...... 75 SECTION 3. ELECTION TO MEMBERSHIP...... 75 Bylaws ARTICLE VI. ASSET BUYERS SECTION 1. QUALIFICATION...... 75 SECTION 2. ACA MEMBERSHIP REQUIREMENT...... 75 SECTION 3. ELECTION TO MEMBERSHIP...... 75 ARTICLE VII. RETIRED MEMBERS SECTION 1. QUALIFICATIONS...... 75

← TABLE OF CONTENTS 68 BYLAWS SECTION 2. ACA REQUIREMENT...... 75 SECTION 3. ELECTION TO MEMBERSHIP...... 75 SECTION 4. REVOCATION OF MEMBERSHIP ...... 75 ARTICLE VIII. HONORARY LIFE MEMBER SECTION 1. QUALIFICATIONS...... 75 SECTION 2. NOMINATION ...... 76 SECTION 3. DESIGNATION OF MEMBERSHIP...... 76 SECTION 4. ACA MEMBERSHIP REQUIREMENT...... 76 SECTION 5. REVOCATION OF MEMBERSHIP ...... 76 ARTICLE IX. MEMBERSHIP DISCIPLINE SECTION 1. APPLICABILITY...... 76 SECTION 2. IMPOSITION OF DISCIPLINE...... 76 SECTION 3. GRIEVANCES AND APPEALS...... 76 SECTION 4. CENSURE, SUSPENSION AND TERMINATION. . .78 SECTION 5. REINSTATEMENT...... 79 SECTION 6. GOOD STANDING...... 79 ARTICLE X. BOARD OF GOVERNORS SECTION 1. COMPOSITION ...... 79 SECTION 2. DUTIES AND POWERS...... 79 SECTION 3. MEETINGS ...... 79 SECTION 4. MINUTES...... 80 SECTION 5. VOTING PROCEDURES...... 80 SECTION 6. REGION OFFICERS ...... 80 SECTION 7. INDEMNIFICATION...... 80 SECTION 8. REMOVAL FROM OFFICE...... 80 ARTICLE XI. ELECTED OFFICERS AND COUNCIL OF DELEGATES SECTION 1. OFFICERS...... 80 SECTION 2. REQUIREMENTS FOR OFFICERS...... 80 SECTION 3. COUNCIL OF DELEGATES ...... 81 SECTION 4. TERMS OF OFFICE...... 81 SECTION 5. DUTIES AND POWERS...... 81 SECTION 6. REMOVAL FROM OFFICE...... 82 SECTION 7. VACANCIES...... 82 Bylaws ARTICLE XII. EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE OF THE BOARD OF GOVERNORS SECTION 1. COMPOSITION ...... 83 SECTION 2. DUTIES AND POWERS...... 83 SECTION 3. MEETINGS ...... 83 SECTION 4. MINUTES...... 83 ARTICLE XIII. COMMITTEES AND APPOINTED REPRESENTATIVES

← TABLE OF CONTENTS 69 BYLAWS

SECTION 1. CLASSES...... 83 SECTION 2. APPOINTMENT...... 84 SECTION 3. COMPOSITION, DUTIES AND POWERS...... 84 SECTION 4. MEETINGS ...... 85 SECTION 5. ANNUAL REPORTS...... 85 SECTION 6. REMOVAL FROM COMMITTEES...... 85 SECTION 7. FILLING VACANCIES...... 85 ARTICLE XIV. MEETINGS SECTION 1. ANNUAL CONVENTION...... 85 SECTION 2. SPECIAL SESSIONS...... 86 SECTION 3. GENERAL SESSIONS...... 87 ARTICLE XV. NOMINATIONS AND VOTING SECTION 1. NOMINATING PROCEDURES ...... 87 SECTION 2. NOMINATIONS COMMITTEE ...... 87 SECTION 3. VOTING PROCEDURES...... 87 ARTICLE XVI. REGIONS SECTION 1. RECOGNITION ...... 87 SECTION 2. ORGANIZATION...... 89 SECTION 3. REGION BOUNDARIES...... 89 ARTICLE XVII. FINANCE AND ACCOUNTING SECTION 1. FISCAL YEAR ...... 89 SECTION 2. SYSTEMS OF ACCOUNTS...... 89 SECTION 3. BUDGET...... 89 SECTION 4. ANNUAL REPORT ...... 89 SECTION 5. INSPECTION RIGHTS...... 89 SECTION 6. ROSTER OF MEMBERS...... 90 ARTICLE XVIII. OFFICIAL PUBLICATION SECTION 1. PUBLICATIONS...... 90 SECTION 2. ADVERTISEMENTS...... 90 ARTICLE XIX. RULES OF ORDER SECTION 1. ROBERT’S RULES OF ORDER...... 90 SECTION 2. PARLIAMENTARIAN ...... 90 ARTICLE XX. DISSOLUTION Bylaws SECTION 1. ELECTION TO DISSOLVE ...... 90 SECTION 2. NO DISTRIBUTION TO MEMBERS...... 90 ARTICLE XXI. AMENDMENT OF BYLAWS SECTION 1. PROCEDURE...... 90 SECTION 2. AMENDMENTS REGARDING ACA COMPLIANCE. . 91 SECTION 2. FORM...... 91

← TABLE OF CONTENTS 70 BYLAWS California Association of Collectors, Inc. Bylaws As Amended October 23, 2014 Article I FORMATION AND PURPOSE Section 1. Name. The name of this association shall be the California Association of Collectors, Inc., and it shall be incorporated as a nonprofit corporation without capital stock. The corporation is hereinafter referred to as the “association.” Section 2. Purpose and Objectives. A. To promote stimulate, increase and improve the educational, social, economic and ethical welfare of the collection industry in the State of California and the public which it serves. B. To apply the collective knowledge and experience of its members toward maintaining an ethical standard of collection activity and service. C. To encourage and promote the adoption of legislation favorable to the rights of collectors and the credit grantors, yet fair to consumers. D. To gather and disseminate material relative to the collection profession which may be of value to members of the association and the general public. Section 3. Corporate Seal. The corporate seal of the association shall consist of two concentric circles, between which is the name of the association and “California,” and in the center shall be inscribed, “Incorp-orated May 28, 1935,” and such seal as impressed on the margin hereof is hereby adopted as the corporate seal of the association. Section 4. Location of Principal Office. The location of the principal office of the association shall be determined by the Board of Governors (“Board”). Article II MEMBERSHIP Section 1. Classes and Categories. There shall be in the association two classes of membership, namely voting and non voting. Voting members shall consist of Active Members, MAP Members, Associate Members and Asset Buyers and non voting members shall consist of Retired Members and Honorary Life Members. The voting members may designate other classes or categories of membership from time to time. Section 2. Affiliation with ACA. The association is a “Unit Member” of ACA International (“ACA”) and each voting member of the association shall also be a member of ACA. Section 3. Form of Application. The Board of Governors or the Executive Committee shall prescribe an application form for each class or category of membership. Section 4. Application Review. The Membership Committee shall address any issues regarding whether an applicant has been accepted as a member of the association. Section 5. Certificate of Membership. The association shall issue a Certificate of Membership to each member, which shall state: A. The association is a nonprofit mutual benefit corporation that may not make distributions to its members. B. Membership in the association is non-transferrable for any reason. C. The name of the member. D. The class or category or class of membership. E. The purpose of the association. Section 6. Privileges and Responsibilities. Bylaws A. Good Standing. 1. To remain in good standing with the association, a member must pay any dues, assessments or other financial obligations owed to the association or its related entities in a timely manner and must abide by the provisions of the Bylaws, policies, procedures and any other requirements imposed by the association. 2. Any member who is in default for ninety days or more in the payment of any dues, assessments or other financial obligations owed to the association or its related entities shall not be in good standing and shall not be entitled to exercise any rights or privileges associated with membership in the association until the delinquency and all financial obligations that accrued

← TABLE OF CONTENTS 71 BYLAWS during the delinquency are paid in full. 3. Upon good cause, the Board of Governors or the Executive Committee may vote to toll the suspension or termination of a member for failure to timely pay dues, assessments or other financial obligations owed the association. In such case, the Board of Governors or the Executive Committee may condition the renewal or tolling of suspension or termination on such terms as it deems appropriate. 4. To remain in good standing with the association, a member must remain in good standing with ACA. B. Dues. 1. To ACA: In addition to the dues payable to the association, every voting member shall pay all dues, assessments and other financial obligations required by ACA. 2. To the association: a. With the Application. The application for active membership shall be submitted to the principal office of the association along with payment of dues for a full year which shall, when membership is accepted by ACA, be prorated on a quarterly basis with the prorated amount to be applied as set forth in Article II, Section 6.B.2.b. b. Prorated Schedule. Each new voting member shall pay one full year’s dues with the member’s application. At the next renewal date, each new voting member that joined during February, March and April of the prior fiscal year shall be charged seventy-five percent of the regular dues, each voting member that joined during May, June or July of the prior fiscal year shall be charged fifty percent of the regular dues, each voting member that joined during August, September or October of the prior fiscal year shall be charged twenty-five percent of the regular dues and each voting member that joined in November or December shall be deemed to have paid through the then-current fiscal year. c. Payment. All dues, assessments and other financial obligations due to the association shall be paid directly to the association. d. Rates. The Board of Governors or Executive Committee shall establish a dues structure and rates for each category of membership. For Active Members and Asset Buyers, the dues shall be based upon the total number of full-time equivalent employees of such member who are actively engaged in collection agency or asset buying activities, whether such employees are employed full time or part time, and regardless of their capacity. Non-voting members shall not pay any dues or assessments, but shall pay the same amounts as voting members to attend meetings and conventions. e. Due Date. Except as otherwise provided herein or in the other policies and procedures of the association, the dues of all members of the association are payable annually, in advance, on the first day of the new membership year. The membership year shall commence on January 1, unless changed by a majority vote of the Board of Governors. f. Assessments. Assessments or other financial obligations may be levied upon voting members by the Board of Governors. Payment of the assessment shall be made on or before the due date set forth in the notice thereof. Any such assessments or other financial obligations may vary among the categories of membership as determined by the Board of Governors. g. Failure to Pay. The failure to pay a financial obligation due to the association and/or its related entities shall result in the suspension and/or termination of the member’s rights and privileges in the association, but shall not affect the financial obligations of the member to the association and/or its related entities which accrued prior to or during the period of the suspension or prior to termination. h. No Refunds. The association shall not refund any dues, assessments or other funds to any member upon the non- renewal, resignation, suspension or termination of membership. Section 7. Notification of Change of Information. It is the obligation of the member to notify immediately the Executive Director of any change in address, telephone number, facsimile number, email address, designated representative, or other information concerning a member of the association. Bylaws Section 8. Voting Rights A. Voting. Each individual voting member or designated representative of a voting entity member shall be entitled to vote upon any and all matters that may come before the membership at the Annual Convention, Special Session or General Session of the association; provided that, such individual member or designated representative is duly registered at such meeting. For the purposes of the Annual Convention, Special Session or General Session of the association, the individual identified on the registration form shall be the designated representative who will cast the vote for the voting member at any such meeting. Notwithstanding the foregoing, the Board of Governors or the Executive Committee may waive the meeting registration requirement provided such waiver

← TABLE OF CONTENTS 72 BYLAWS applies to all voting members. B. Proxies. 1. An individual voting member or the designated representative of a voting entity member in good standing that is duly registered for the Annual Convention, Special Session or General Session may identify a proxy to vote in his or her place or any matter before the membership; provided, however, the person holding the proxy is another individual voting member or the designated representative of another voting entity member who is duly registered for the Annual Convention, Special Session or General Session. 2. The holder of a proxy must deliver the written proxy to the Vice President/Secretary of the association or the Executive Direc- tor prior to the vote. Section 9. Participation Level. Each member may attend and participate in events sponsored by the association as determined by the class or category of membership held and defined in these Bylaws. The fees and charges for such events may be at varying levels depending on the class or category of membership and as determined by the Board of Governors or the Executive Committee. Section 10. Publications. Each member shall receive all the official publications of the association distributed during his, her or its term of membership. Section 11. Logo Use. Each member may use the association’s name and/or trade logo in accordance with these Bylaws and/or the policies and procedures of the association. Notwithstanding the foregoing, Retired Members and Honorary Life Members shall not use the association’s name and/or trade logo. Section 12. Change in Ownership. A. Membership in this association shall not be transferable. Upon the change of ownership of a member or the controlling interest of a member, that member’s membership in the association shall automatically terminate. When a change of ownership or controlling interest occurs, the member shall notify the association immediately. Upon review of the change, the association may confer membership upon the new owner, provided the new owner submits the appropriate application for membership and the membership criteria are satisfied. B. In the event a member is a sole proprietorship, a change in ownership shall be deemed to have occurred when at least twenty-five percent of the control, management, and/or assets of such proprietorship have been transferred to one or more new or different persons or entities. C. In the event a member is a partnership, a change of ownership shall be deemed to have occurred when there is a change in the designation of the general partner(s) or at least twenty-five percent of the limited partnership interests or the assets of the partnership have been transferred to one or more new or different persons or entities. Without limiting the foregoing, a change in ownership will be deemed to occur when a limited, inactive or silent partner acquires at least twenty-five percent of the control, management and/or assets of the partnership. D. In the event a member is a limited liability company, a change in ownership shall be deemed to have occurred when there is a change in the designation of the manager(s) or at least twenty-five percent of the limited liability company membership interest or the assets of the company have been transferred to one or more new or different persons or entities. E. In the event a member is a corporation, limited liability company, or other entity that is not a partnership or a sole proprietorship, a change of ownership shall be deemed to have occurred upon, (i) the transfer of twenty five percent or more of the ownership interests or assets of such entity, (ii) the issuance of additional ownership interests that serves to dilute the ownership interests of the existing owners by at least twenty-five percent, or (iii) the issuance of a class of ownership interest that did not exist when the membership was conferred on the member. F. The transfer or sale of at least twenty-five percent of the assets or ownership interests of a member to a spouse or the child(ren) of a principal of the member shall be considered a change of ownership. It shall not be deemed a change of ownership if a member continues to be operated by the spouse or the child(ren) of a principal of the member, immediately following the death, retirement, or incapacitation of the principal who previously held the controlling interest in the business, provided the spouse or the children have been an active owner in the business or have been active in the management of the business. Bylaws Section 13. Resignation. A. A member of any class or category may submit his, her, or its resignation from membership in the association, elected office or appointed position by submitting a written resignation to the Executive Director of the association. B. An officer, a member of the Board of Governors, a Delegate or a committee member may submit his, her or its resignation as an officer, a member of the Board of Governors, a Delegate or a committee member while maintaining his, her or its membership in the association.

← TABLE OF CONTENTS 73 BYLAWS

C. A resignation shall be effective upon the date set forth in writing or, if no date is specified, immediately. D. Previously paid dues, assessments or other funds will not be refunded by the association to a member that resigns. Any financial obligation owed by the resigning member upon resignation to the association and/or any of its related entities shall remain an obligation of the resigning member. Article III ACTIVE MEMBERS Section 1. Qualifications. A. The association shall have an “Active Member” category of membership. B. Any person or entity engaged in the collection agency business that conducts such business under and pursuant to the laws of the State of California shall be eligible to be an Active Member of this association, provided that: 1. The business activity of the person or entity is sufficient to properly identify him, her or it as part of the collection industry; 2. The person or entity has discharged all past and present financial obligations to the association and/or its related entities; and 3. The person or entity abides by these Bylaws and the Code of Ethics, Standard Operating Procedures, policies and other requirements adopted by the membership of this association. Section 2. ACA Membership Requirement. This member shall also be required to be a member of ACA. Section 3. Election to Membership. A. Membership shall be construed by the association to mean that the person or entity holding ownership is the member, and the member shall be represented by one designated representative to act on the member’s behalf in association affairs. The designated representative shall be indicated on the initial application of membership and may be changed upon written notification to the Executive Director of the association. B. Upon meeting all requirements for membership in both ACA and the association and upon prepayment of the required dues to ACA and the association, the application of the Active Member for membership in the association shall be approved. The name of the applicant shall be added to the Active Member membership roll and a Certificate of Membership may be issued to the member. Article IV MEMBER ATTORNEY PROGRAM Section 1. Qualifications. The association shall have a “Member Attorney Program” (“MAP”) category of membership comprised of individual memberships for attorneys who meet the MAP category membership requirements set forth herein. An applicant for the MAP program shall be an attorney licensed to practice law by, and in good standing with, the California State Bar, who meets the following criteria: A. Practices in the area of credit or collection law. B. Represents or provide services to an Active Member of the association. C. Does not threaten, initiate, or maintain actions on behalf of any consumer against any third party debt collectors, credit grantors or those engaged in the asset buying industry. D. Agrees to support the purposes of the association. E. Is sponsored by an Active Member who certifies that the applicant meets the qualifications for membership. Section 2. ACA Membership Requirement. A MAP Member shall also be required to be a member of ACA. Section 3. Election to Membership. Upon meeting all requirements for membership in both ACA and the association and upon prepayment of the required dues to ACA and the association, the application of the MAP Member for membership in the association shall be approved. The name of the applicant shall be added to the MAP membership role and a Certificate of Membership may be issued to the member. Article V ASSOCIATE MEMBERS Bylaws Section 1. Qualifications. The Association shall have an “Associate Member” category of membership. An Associate Member applicant shall be a person or entity interested in the collection industry and not eligible for other classes or categories of membership including, but not be limited to, the following groups: A. A creditor applicant shall be a person, corporation, partnership or entity that extends credit or loans money directly to a customer and shall not include an assignee of a creditor member. B. A governmental agency or entity applicant that collects debts for itself or another agency within the same governmental entity as

← TABLE OF CONTENTS 74 BYLAWS

the Associate Member. C. Any person or entity that is licensed or otherwise authorized to operate as a collection agency in any state, district or territory of the United States other than California but is not conducting business as a collection agency in California. D. Except for those qualifying as Associate Members under Article V, Section 1.C above, an Associate Member applicant may not be engaged, directly or indirectly, in the collection of debts on behalf of itself as an assignee of a debt or on behalf of third parties. For purposes of this Article V, indirect involvement in the collection of debts includes collection activities by another entity under com- mon ownership, management or control with the applicant. Section 2. ACA Membership Requirement. Except for an applicant described in Article V, Section 1.C above (a “Non-Resident member”), an Associate Member shall also be required to be a member of ACA. A Non-Resident member shall comply with any membership requirements of ACA for the ACA unit in which the Non-Resident member is an Active Member. Section 3. Election to Membership. A. Membership shall be construed by the association to mean that the person or entity holding ownership is the member, and the member shall be represented by one designated representative to act on the member’s behalf in association affairs. The designated representative shall be indicated on the initial application of membership and may be changed upon written notification to the Executive Director of the association B. Upon meeting all requirements for membership and upon prepayment of the required dues to the association (and to ACA if applicable), the application of the Associate Member for membership in the association shall be approved. The name of the applicant shall be added to the Associate Member membership roll and a Certificate of Membership may be issued to the member. Article VI ASSET BUYERS Section 1. Qualifications. The association shall have an “Asset Buyer” category of membership. Any person or entity engaged in the asset buying business that conducts such business under and pursuant to the laws of the State of California shall be eligible to be an Asset Buyer Member of the association, provided that the business activity of the person or entity is sufficient to properly identify him, her or it as part of the asset buying industry. Section 2. ACA Membership Requirement. This member shall also be required to be a member of ACA. Section 3. Election to Membership. A. Membership shall be construed by the association to mean that the person or entity holding ownership is the member, and the member shall be represented by one designated representative to act on the member’s behalf in association affairs. The designated representative shall be indicated on the initial application of membership and may be changed upon written notification to the Executive Director of the association. B. Upon meeting all requirements for membership in both ACA and the association and upon prepayment of the required dues to ACA and the association, the application of the Asset Buyer for membership in the association shall be approved. The name of the applicant shall be added to the Asset Buyer membership roll and a Certificate of Membership may be issued to the member. Article VII RETIRED MEMBERS Section 1. Qualifications. The association shall have a “Retired Member” category of membership. Any person who has retired from full time, active employment or management of a collection agency and has been a voting member or the designated representative for a voting member of the association for at least five years, and is not engaged in and does not have an interest in, or otherwise participate in, the collection industry or any related activities shall be eligible to apply for a Retired Membership. Section 2. ACA Requirement. A Retired Member shall not also be required to be a member of ACA. Section 3. Election to Membership. Upon meeting all requirements for membership as a Retired Member and upon payment of the required dues, the application of the Retired Member for membership in the association shall be approved. The name of the applicant shall be added Bylaws to the Retired Member membership roll and a Certificate of Membership may be issued to the member. Section 4. Revocation of Membership. The Board of Governors may revoke the membership of a Retired Member at any time for any reason and/or for no reason with or without cause. Article VIII HONORARY LIFE MEMBER Section 1. Qualifications. Honorary life membership may be conferred by the Board of Governors upon any person who has been a voting

← TABLE OF CONTENTS 75 BYLAWS member of the association for at least twenty-five years, who is no longer engaged in the collection industry, and who has accomplished noteworthy achievements in, made significant contributions to, and/or engaged in substantial efforts to advance the cause of the association or the collection industry. Section 2. Nomination. A candidate for Honorary Life Member must be nominated by a voting member of the association. The nomination must be approved by the Executive Committee before it is submitted to the Board of Governors. The Executive Committee or the Board of Governors shall prescribe a form for nominating individuals as Honorary Life Members. Section 3. Designation of Membership. The Board of Governors may, in its discretion, grant the designation Honorary Life Member to persons whom the Board determines meet the qualifications set forth in these Bylaws. The Board of Governors may cause an Honorary Life Member Certificate to be issued. Section 4. ACA Membership Requirement. This member shall not also be required to be a member of ACA. Section 5. Revocation of Membership. The Board of Governors may revoke the membership of an Honorary Life Member any time for any reason and/or for no reason with or without cause. Article IX MEMBER DISCIPLINE Section 1. Applicability. The provisions of Article IX apply to all members regardless of class or category. Section 2. Imposition of Discipline. Any member of the association found to have engaged in improper, immoral, unethical, disreputable or unprofessional conduct; conduct that is or was violative of these Bylaws or any applicable Code of Ethics, Standard Operating Procedures, policies or other requirements of the association; conduct that is or was potentially or actually damaging or injurious to the reputation of, or in any way harmful to, the association; or conduct violative of his, her or its duties as a member of the association, may be censored, suspended, or terminated from membership by a majority vote of the members of the Ethics and Grievance Committee or the Board of Governors, as applicable. Section 3. Grievances and Appeals. A. Complaints. 1. Any member of the association, officer, or member of the Board of Governors may file a complaint against any member, officer or member of the Board of Governors of the association. 2. A complaint shall be in writing, shall be submitted confidentially to the Executive Director of the association and shall identify in detail the conduct of the accused, described in Article IX, Section 2 above, that serves as the basis for the complaint. 3. When a complaint is received by the Executive Director, it shall be promptly referred to the chairperson of the Ethics and Grievance Committee and to the President. 4. The President may, in his or her discretion, make a written request to the chairperson of the Ethics and Grievance Committee to investigate any member and, in any such case, the written request shall be deemed a complaint. B. Response to Complaint. 1. The Ethics and Grievance Committee shall promptly furnish a copy of the complaint to the accused and the accused shall confidentially submit to the Executive Director of the association a written response to the complaint within thirty days after having received a copy of the complaint. The answer shall be specific in response to the matters of the complaint that it admits and that it denies. A copy of the response shall be forwarded by the Executive Director of the association to the chairperson of the Ethics and Grievance Committee, to the President and to the complainant. 2. Upon written request of the accused within twenty days after having received a copy of the complaint, the chairperson of the Ethics and Grievance Committee, in his or her discretion, may extend the time for the accused to reply for an additional period not to exceed twenty days. If no response is received within the original thirty day period and/or an extension period has not been granted by the chairperson, the complaint may be deemed by the Ethics and Grievance Committee to be admitted.

C. Investigation. Bylaws 1. The Ethics and Grievance Committee shall conduct such investigation of the allegations in the complaint as it may deem necessary, and the chairperson of the committee may request that the President appoint one or more voting members to assist the committee in its investigation. As a part of its investigation, the Ethics and Grievance Committee may request that the complainant and/or accused provide specified documents to the committee. The Ethics and Grievance Committee may inter- view (in person or by phone) anyone and/or request documents and records from anyone regarding the events described in the complaint. 2. The chairperson shall deliver the results of any such investigation to the President. The chairperson may, but is not required to,

← TABLE OF CONTENTS 76 BYLAWS deliver copies of the results of the investigation to the complainant and the accused. D. Hearings. 1. The Ethics and Grievance Committee, in its discretion, may set a time and place for a hearing on the charges and the responses thereto. Any hearing before the Ethics and Grievance Committee may be conducted, wholly or in part, in person, by telephone and/or by video conference. 2. Notice of any such hearing shall be given to the complainant, the accused and the President, at least twenty days in advance of such hearing. 3. The hearings held by the Ethics and Grievance Committee shall be informal and the legal rules of evidence need not be observed. E. Decision. 1. Upon the failure of the accused to file a response to the complaint, or following an investigation thereof, or after a hearing on the allegations, the Ethics and Grievance Committee shall, by a majority vote of its members, render its decision. Promptly after reaching its decision, the chairperson shall issue the written decision of the committee and shall deliver the written decision to the complainant, the accused and the President. 2. As a part of its decision, the Ethics and Grievance Committee may elect not to impose any discipline on the accused, may impose any disciplinary measures described in Article IX, Section 2, may impose any combination of the available disciplinary measures, and may impose conditions and/or monetary sanctions upon the accused in connection with its written decision. 3. A summary of any evidence produced during the investigation or at a hearing and a copy of the decision shall be submitted to the Executive Director of the association. 4. The decision of the Ethics and Grievance Committee shall be final unless the accused, within twenty days after service of the written decision, delivers a written appeal (“Notice of Appeal”) to the principal office of the association. This time period may not be extended and the Notice of Appeal must be received by the principal office within this time period. F. Appeal. 1. Upon receipt of a timely filed Notice of Appeal, the Executive Director of the association shall deliver a copy thereof to the chairperson of the Ethics and Grievance Committee, the Board of Governors and the President. 2. Upon receiving the Notice of Appeal, the chairperson of the Ethics and Grievance Committee shall forward all files, documents, evidence and/or other materials relating to the matter on appeal to the President for dissemination to the members of the Board of Governors. 3. At a meeting called by the President in response to the Notice of Appeal, the Board of Governors shall review the record of the proceedings before the Ethics and Grievance Committee and may, in its discretion, elect either to render its decision based on that record, conduct any such additional investigation it deems appropriate, and/or to hear from the complainant, the accused and/or any others that appeared before the Ethics and Grievance Committee regarding the matters raised in the Notice of Appeal. 4. In the event the Board of Governors elects to conduct a hearing on the appeal, the President shall schedule the hearing and notice of the appeal hearing shall be given to the complainant, the accused and the chairperson of the Ethics and Griev- ance Committee at least twenty days in advance of such hearing. An appeal hearing before the Board of Governors may be conducted, wholly or in part, in person, by telephone and/or by video conference. Any such hearing before the Board of Governors shall be informal and the legal rules of evidence need not be observed. 5. Upon conclusion of its review, following its investigation or after an appeal hearing, the Board of Governors, by majority vote, shall render its decision and, as a part thereof, may make such orders as it deems proper and may impose any discipline described in Article IX, Section 2, may impose any combination of the available disciplinary measures and may impose conditions and/or monetary sanctions upon the accused in connection with its decision. 6. The decision of the Board of Governors shall be final. Bylaws G. Compliance. 1. If either the complainant or the accused fails to comply in a timely manner with the decision of the Ethics and Grievance Committee with regard to any complaint, the chairperson of the Ethics and Grievance Committee shall request that the members of the committee, by a majority vote, recommend to the Board of Governors that additional disciplinary measures be imposed, including but not limited to, termination of membership. The Board of Governors may in its discretion adopt these recommendations or impose any other disciplinary measures as it deems appropriate in accordance with Article IX, Section 2,

← TABLE OF CONTENTS 77 BYLAWS

including but not limited to, termination of membership. 2. If either the complainant or the accused fails to comply with the decision of the Board of Governors with regard to any complaint, the Board of Governors, by a majority vote, may impose such additional disciplinary measures as it deems appropriate in accordance with Article IX, Section 2, including but not limited to, termination of membership. 3. In the event a member is suspended or terminated from the association and until the membership is reinstated or restored, such member may not enjoy any of the benefits of membership, that member’s rights and privileges in the association shall cease and such member may not claim to be, or represent to be, a member of the association. H. Records. Once the grievance process is finalized, all files relating to a grievance shall be deposited for safe keeping with the Execu- tive Director of the association. No file shall be permitted to be examined by any member of the association other than Ethics and Grievance Committee members and the President, except upon written authorization of the Board of Governors. The files relating to a particular grievance matter may be destroyed, upon the majority vote of the Board of Governors, any time after the two year anniversary of the final decision of the Ethics and Grievance Committee or the Board of Governors, as applicable. I. Executive Action. The President is charged with the execution and enforcement of any decision or judgment rendered or order made by the Ethics and Grievance Committee or the Board of Governors. J. Conflict of Interest. In the event the President is the accused in a disciplinary matter or participates as a witness before the Ethics and Grievance Committee or the Board of Governors, the President’s duties, responsibilities and obligations under these Bylaws regarding the grievance shall be fulfilled by the Immediate Past President, and the President’s rights in any disciplinary matter shall be equal only to those of a non-officer member. In the event the Immediate Past President is unavailable, the duties, responsibilities and obligations under these Bylaws regarding the grievance shall be fulfilled by the President-Elect/Chief Financial Officer. In the event a member of the Ethics and Grievance Committee is the accused in a disciplinary matter, that person shall be replaced by someone selected by the President who shall serve as a committee member until the subject disciplinary matter is final. In the event a member of the Board of Governors is the accused in a disciplinary matter, that person shall participate only as the accused in any proceedings before the Board relating to the subject disciplinary matter. Section 4. Censure, Suspension and Termination. A. Censorship. Any member may be censured by the Ethics and Grievance Committee or the Board of Governors, as applicable, and, in connection therewith, the Ethics and Grievance Committee or the Board of Governors, as applicable, may impose conditions and/or monetary sanctions upon the member. B. Suspension. 1. Financial Obligations. Subject to Article II, Section 6.A.3, any member who fails, neglects or refuses to pay any dues, special assessments or other financial obligations owed to the association and/or any of its related entities within ninety days of the due date shall have its membership rights and privileges automatically suspended unless the Board of Governors determines otherwise by majority vote. Any member suspended for failure to pay a financial obligation to the association and/or any of its related entities shall remain suspended until all delinquent financial obligations, including any that have accrued during the suspension, have been paid in full to the association, and any other conditions of suspension are satisfied. 2. Suspension of Member Rights. Suspension of membership shall suspend the member’s rights and privileges in the association but shall not affect the financial obligations owed by the member to the association and/or to any of its related entities which accrued prior to the effective date of the suspension. Previously paid dues will not be refunded to a member that is suspended. 3. Suspension of ACA Membership. In the event a member’s membership in ACA is suspended for a period of more than thirty days and any appeal rights have been exhausted, that member’s membership in the association shall be suspended for the same duration and shall remain suspended until the conditions are satisfied to reinstate the member’s membership in ACA. 4. Conditions. Any member may be suspended by the Ethics and Grievance Committee or the Board of Governors, as applicable. The suspension shall remain in effect until all conditions imposed in connection with the suspension have been satisfied. Bylaws C. Termination. 1. Termination of Member Rights. Termination of membership shall terminate the member’s rights and privileges in the association but shall not affect the financial obligations owed by the member to the association and/or to any of its related entities which accrued prior to the effective date of the termination. Previously paid dues will not be refunded to a member that is terminated 2. Termination of ACA Membership. In the event a member’s membership interest in ACA is terminated and any appeal rights have been exhausted, that member’s membership interest in the association shall be terminated automatically upon thirty

← TABLE OF CONTENTS 78 BYLAWS

days’ notice from the association. Section 5. Reinstatement. Any member whose membership in the association is suspended or terminated for any reason may be reinstated upon majority vote of the Board of Governors, provided all of the following have occurred: A. Any condition previously imposed in connection with such suspension or termination is satisfied. B. The member pays a fee of two hundred fifty dollars ($250) prior to reinstatement. C. The member pays any additional financial obligations that became due during the suspension or termination. Section 6. Good Standing. No member shall be entitled to exercise or receive any rights or privileges of membership while that member’s membership is suspended or once it has been terminated. Article X BOARD OF GOVERNORS Section 1. Composition. A. The Board of Governors of the association shall be composed of the President, the President-Elect/Chief Financial Officer, the Vice President/Secretary, the Member at Large, the Immediate Past president, the president or designated representative of each region of the association, and one additional voting member selected at a meeting of the voting members of the association at the Annual Convention or, if not selected at the Annual Convention, by a majority of the members of the Board. B. Regions. 1. If a region president is unable to attend any meeting of the Board, the region, pursuant to the provisions of its governing documents, may designate any voting member of that region in good standing to serve as the representative of the region at any meeting of the Board. 2. The alternate shall present his or her credentials in writing to the Vice President/Secretary and, upon approval thereof by the Board, he or she shall be seated as a member of the Board in the place and stead of the region president or designated representative for that meeting. C. Past Presidents. Each past president of the association, with the exception of the immediate past president, shall have the title “Governor Emeritus”, and may participate in meetings of the Board but shall be precluded from offering a motion or exercising any voting powers. Section 2. Duties and Powers. A. Control of Association Business. 1. The Board shall have general supervision of the officers, committees and affairs of the association. 2. In the interval between Annual Conventions, the Board shall have full power and authority to do all acts and perform all functions that the association itself might do or perform, except that it shall only be permitted to amend these Bylaws as expressly set forth herein. 3. In the interval between Annual Conventions, the Board may present any question or issue to the membership of the association by first class mail, electronic mail or facsimile and any vote thereon cast by first class mail, electronic mail or facsimile shall be valid and binding; provided, however, such vote is con-ducted as set forth in these Bylaws. B. Professionals and Employees. The Board may contract for the services of legal counsel, legislative advocates, an accountant, executive director or other employees or professionals or services as needed. Section 3. Meetings. A. Notice. Notice of a meeting of the Board shall be sent by the principal office of the association to each member of the Board and any other person entitled to such notice at least twenty days in advance of any such meeting. B. Waiver. With the consent of the Executive Committee, notice may be waived in a writing, signed by the person or persons entitled Bylaws to such notice, whether before or after the time stated therein and shall be equivalent to the giving of such notice. All such waivers shall be filed with the principal office of the association and made part of the minutes of the meeting. C. Quorum. 1. At any meeting of the Board, one third of the members thereof shall constitute a quorum. 2. The majority of the members of the Board present at a meeting thereof, at which a quorum is present, shall be permitted to act on behalf on the Board and any vote at such a meeting shall be an act of the Board.

← TABLE OF CONTENTS 79 BYLAWS

3. In the absence of a quorum of the Board at any Annual Convention, the members of the association may immediately elect members of the Board pro tempore, sufficient in number to make a quorum, who shall serve during said convention or until a quorum of regularly elected members of the Board attend the meeting. D. Regular Meetings. The Board shall have a minimum of two regularly scheduled meetings annually, to be set by the Board, provided that they conform to the following limitations: 1. One within seventy-two hours before, during or after the Annual Convention. 2. One within four to eight months after adjournment of the Annual Convention. E. Other Meetings. The Board may have other meetings as necessary. The Executive Committee by majority vote or any two members of the Board may call for a meeting of the Board. Members of the Board may participate in a meeting through the use of telephone conferencing, video conferencing, WebEx conferencing or other similar communications equipment, provided each member may communicate with the other members concurrently and it is possible to verify that each person participating in the meeting is a member of the Board. Section 4. Minutes. The Board shall cause, within sixty days after each meeting, the minutes of any meeting to be submitted to the members of the Board for their approval in person or by first class mail, facsimile, electronic mail or other electronic means. Section 5. Voting Procedures. A. Method. Except as otherwise expressly stated in these Bylaws, Board members are permitted to vote at any meeting in person or by first class mail, facsimile electronic mail or other electronic means. B. Majority. Except as otherwise expressly stated in these Bylaws, a majority vote of the members of the Board at a meeting at which a quorum is established is required for Board approval. C. Minutes. Any vote of the Board shall be recorded in the minutes of the meeting. D. Proxy. No member of the Board may vote by proxy. Section 6. Vacancy of Additional Member. A vacancy in the position of the additional member of the Board described in Article X, Section 1.A may be filled at a meeting of the voting members of the association at the Annual Convention or, if not filled at the Annual Convention, by a majority of the members of the Board. Section 7. Indemnification. A. Every officer, employee and Board Member of the association shall be indemnified by the association against all expenses and liabilities, including but not limited to, damages, awards, judgments, attorney’s fees and costs reasonably incurred by or imposed upon him or her in connection with any proceeding to which he or she may be made a party, or in which he or she may become involved, by reason of his or her being or having been an officer, Board member or employee of the association, or any settlement thereof, whether or not he or she is an officer, Board member or employee at the time such expenses are incurred, except in such cases wherein the officer, Board member or employee is adjudged guilty of willful misconduct or gross negligence in the performance of his or her duties; provided that, in the event of a settlement, the indemnification is conditioned upon the Board of Governors’ approval of such settlement and reimbursement as being in the best interest of the association. B. The foregoing right of indemnification shall be in addition to, and not exclusive of all other rights to which such officer, Board member or employee may be entitled. Section 8. Removal from Office. A member of the Board may be removed from the Board upon a two-thirds vote of the members of the Board present at any meeting of the Board at which a quorum is present. Article XI ELECTED OFFICERS AND COUNCIL OF DELEGATES Section 1. Officers. The elected officers of the association shall be President, President-Elect/Chief Financial Officer, Vice President/Secretary, Member at Large, and the Immediate Past President. Bylaws Section 2. Requirements for Officers. A. One person may not hold more than one officer position in the association at the same time unless the officer position to be filled becomes vacant within one hundred eight (180) days before the commencement of the next ensuing Annual Convention in which case one person may hold two officer positions. B. The following persons, provided they are in good standing with the association and comply with the association’s Bylaws, standard operating procedures and policies, including but not limited to, the officers candidates background checks policy, are eligible for nomination and election to an officer position of the association.

← TABLE OF CONTENTS 80 BYLAWS 1. Any voting member, general partner of a voting member, or person who owns at least five percent of the voting ownership interest of a voting member who is also registered at the Annual Convention, Special Session or General Session at which the election is to occur. 2. A designated representative of a voting member who has served as an employee of that member continuously for the two- year period immediately prior to the election. 3. A MAP member provided he or she has been an ACA MAP member for the two-year period immediately prior to the election. 4. Any person who holds the office of President, President-Elect/Chief Financial Officer, or Vice President/Secretary of the- as sociation at the time of the election. 5. The current Immediate Past President and any existing elected officers (excluding any Delegate who is not also the current Immediate Past President or an existing elected officer) are not eligible to serve as the Member at Large until at least eleven months have passed since that person’s term has concluded. 6. Notwithstanding any other provision of these Bylaws, the Executive Committee may consist of only one member from each of the following categories of membership at any given time: MAP Members, Associate Members and Asset Buyers. Section 3. Council of Delegates. A. ACA maintains a Council of Delegates that has the rights and duties described in ACA’s bylaws and standard operating procedures, as amended from time to time. This association shall have one member on the Council of Delegates (“Delegate”) for every fifty voting members, or fraction thereof, in the association as determined on the first day of the ninth month of ACA’s previous fiscal year. B. Each Delegate shall be a voting member, officer or management level employee of any voting member of this association, shall be at least eighteen years of age, and shall have demonstrated active involvement with this association or ACA. C. Each Delegate shall be selected by the Executive Committee. There shall not be an established term for any Delegate. The Executive Committee may change the persons serving as Delegates at any time and for any reason. Section 4. Terms of Office. The President, President-Elect/Chief Financial Officer, Vice President/ Secretary, Member at Large and Immediate Past President shall be elected during the Annual Convention. The term of the officers elected at the Annual Convention shall commence at the adjournment of such Annual Convention and shall terminate when their successors are elected and installed. Officer elections shall occur at each Annual Convention. Section 5. Duties and Powers. A. The President shall: 1. Have such powers and duties as are usually exercised by such an officer. 2. Be the executive officer of the association and preside at the Annual Conventions, Special Sessions, General Sessions, meetings of the Board of Governors and meetings of the Executive Committee. 3. Be a member of all committees and may act as chairperson of the Legislative Council. 4. Have the power to call a Special Session or General Session of the association and a meeting of the Board of Governors or any committee. 5. Appoint, subject to the approval of the Board of Governors, and except as otherwise expressly provided in these Bylaws, the members of Standing and Special Committees. 6. Create additional committees and specific issue task forces as deemed necessary. 7. Make, subject to the approval of the Board of Governors, and except as otherwise expressly provided in these Bylaws, appointments to fill vacancies on standing, special and ad hoc committees and specific issue task forces. 8. Perform all other duties incidental to the position and address all other matters that may be assigned to him or her by the

Executive Committee, the Board of Governors or the membership. Bylaws B. The President-Elect/Chief Financial Officer shall: 1. In the absence of the President have the powers and duties of the President. 2. Become the President in the event the President’s office is vacated or in the event it is impossible for the President to carry out his or her responsibilities. 3. Cause to be collected and disbursed all funds of the association. 4. Cause to be kept regular accounts which shall be open to inspection at all times by any elected officer or any member of the

← TABLE OF CONTENTS 81 BYLAWS

Board of Governors. 5. Make a report at each Annual Convention regarding the funds received and disbursed since the previous Annual Convention and all assets and liabilities of the association. 6. Perform all other duties incidental to the position and address all other matters that may be assigned to him or her by the President, Executive Committee, the Board of Governors or the membership. C. The Vice President/Secretary shall: 1. In the absence of President-Elect/Chief Financial Officer have the powers and duties of the President-Elect/Chief Financial Officer. 2. Act as Unit Activities Coordinator and as such he or she shall become the liaison between the local region host committee for Annual Conventions, the Executive Committee and the association’s staff. 3. Coordinate with the Executive Director to solicit bids, participate in site selection, attend planning sessions and be knowledge- able in all the aspects of meeting planning for the association. 4. Cause to be kept a record of the proceedings of the Annual Convention, Special Sessions, General Sessions and meetings of the Board of Governors and the Executive Committee. 5. Cause to be sent by the principal office of the association notices to members of the Board of Governors of the time and place of regular and special meetings of the Board and any other persons who should be so notified. 6. Perform all other duties incidental to the position and address all other matters that may be assigned to him or her by the President, Executive Committee, the Board of Governors or the membership. D. The Member at Large shall: 1. Participate in all meetings of the Executive Committee and Board of Governors and all conventions and meetings of the membership. 2. Perform all other duties incidental to the position and address all other matters that may be assigned to him or her by the President, Executive Committee, the Board of Governors or the membership. E. The Delegates shall: 1. As the official representatives of the association, attend the Annual Convention of ACA and participate in any other meeting of the Council of Delegates. 2. Unless expressly waived, each Delegate shall be reimbursed for the actual and necessary expenses incurred by him or her in attending meetings of Council of Delegates not to exceed the amount authorized by the Board of Governors during his or her term of office. Section 6. Removal from Office. An officer or Delegate may be removed from office upon a two-thirds vote of the members of the Board present at any meeting of the Board at which a quorum is present. Section 7. Vacancies. A. President. In the event the office of the President becomes vacant or the President is unable to discharge the powers and duties of that office, the President-Elect/Chief Financial Officer shall automatically assume all powers, duties, rights and responsibilities of the office as Acting President and shall serve as such until the President is able to resume the duties of the office or his or her successor is elected and installed. B. President-Elect/Chief Financial Officer. In the event the office of the President-Elect/Chief Financial Officer becomes vacant or the President-Elect/Chief Financial Officer is unable to discharge the powers and duties of that office, the Vice President/Secretary shall automatically assume all powers, duties, rights and responsibilities of the President-Elect/Chief Financial Officer and shall serve as such until the President-Elect/Chief Financial Officer is able to resume the duties of the officer or his or her successor is elected and installed. C. Vice President/Secretary. In the event the office of the Vice President/Secretary becomes vacant, the President shall appoint a vot-

ing member as interim Vice President/Secretary and the Executive Committee shall, within thirty days after such vacancy occurs, Bylaws nominate and submit the names of voting members who are willing to serve Vice President/Secretary and the Board of Governors, by majority vote, shall elect one of the nominees to the office of Vice President/Secretary. The person thus elected shall serve until his or her successor is elected and installed. D. Member at Large. In the event the office of the Member at Large becomes vacant, the President shall appoint a voting member as interim Member at Large and the Executive Committee shall, within thirty days after such vacancy occurs, nominate and submit the names of three voting members to the Board of Governors which thereafter, by majority vote, shall elect one of the three nominees to the office of Member at Large. The person thus elected shall serve until his or her successor is elected and installed.

← TABLE OF CONTENTS 82 BYLAWS

E. Immediate Past President. In the event the office of Immediate Past President becomes vacant or the Immediate Past President is unable to discharge the powers and duties of the office, the remaining members of the Executive Committee shall nominate, from the Past Presidents of the association who are voting members, candidates to fill the office of Immediate Past President until the IPP is able to resume the duties and responsibilities of the office or for the remainder of the term. The successor to Immediate Past President shall be selected by at least three of the remaining members of the Executive Committee and, in the event three members of the Executive Committee cannot agree on a successor within thirty days of the vacancy, the list of candidates shall be submitted to the Board of Governors, which shall select the person to fill the vacancy by a majority vote. The person thus elected shall serve until the IPP is able to resume the duties and responsibilities of the office or his or her successor is elected and installed. F. Delegates. In the event the office of a Delegate becomes vacant, the Executive Committee shall fill that position. Article XII EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE OF THE BOARD OF GOVERNORS Section 1. Composition. A. The President, the President-Elect/Chief Financial Officer, the Vice President/Secretary, Member at Large and Immediate Past Presi- dent shall be the elected officers that shall constitute the Executive Committee of the Board of Governors. B. The President shall act as chairperson of the Executive Committee and the Vice President/Secretary shall be its secretary. Section 2. Duties and Powers. A. The Executive Committee shall have, and may exercise, all the authority and powers vested in the Board of Governors during the interval between meetings of the Board, subject to such limitations as may be adopted by the Board, and further subject to Section 7212 of the California Corporations Code. B. The Executive Committee may not amend or rescind any decision voted upon by the voting members at an Annual Convention, Special Session or General Session without calling for the vote of the voting members. C. In the interval between Annual Conventions, Special Sessions, or General Sessions, the Executive Committee may present any question for vote to the membership of the association. D. The Executive Committee or the legislative council may ask the voting members for a non binding advisory vote on legislative matters. Section 3. Meetings. A. Notice of Meetings. The President or any two members of the Executive Committee may call for a meeting of the Executive Committee. B. Quorum. The presence of three members of the Executive Committee, or the participation of three members in an emergency meeting, shall constitute a quorum for the transaction of business. The affirmative vote of at least three members shall be necessary for approval of any matter subject to vote. Section 4. Minutes. The Executive Committee shall cause the minutes of any meeting to be submitted within sixty days after the meeting to the members of the Executive Committee for approval in person or by first class mail, facsimile, electronic mail or other electronic means. Article XIII COMMITTEES AND APPOINTED REPRESENTATIVES Section 1. Classes. A. Standing Committees. 1. The association shall establish standing committees for the purpose of furthering the objectives of the association. 2. Each member of a standing committee shall serve, unless he or she is removed or resigns, until the next ensuing Annual

Convention of the association and the members of the committee for the following term are seated. Bylaws B. Special Committees. 1. The association may establish special committees or task forces for the accomplishment of a specific purpose, upon the majority vote of the Executive Committee, Board of Governors or voting members. 2. Each member of a special committee or task force shall serve, unless he or she is removed or resigns, until the specific purpose is accomplished or until the next Annual Convention of the association, whichever occurs first. 3. Each special committee or task force shall consist of a chairperson and such number of members designated by the resolution

← TABLE OF CONTENTS 83 BYLAWS creating the committee or task force. C. Voting. All members of the standing committees, special committees, task forces and the legislative council, including the chairper- sons, are voting members for all matters placed before the committees, task forces or councils. Section 2. Appointment. The President shall, with the approval of the Executive Committee or Board of Governors, as applicable, appoint designated representatives of voting members to all standing committees, task forces, special committees and the legislative council and shall designate the chairperson thereof. Employees of voting members of the association may be appointed to serve on committees and legislative council, but shall not comprise more than one-third of the membership on any committee, task force or the legislative council. Section 3. Composition, Duties and Powers. A. Standing Committees 1. The association shall have the following standing committees: Audit, Budget and Finance, Bylaws and Resolutions, Ethics and Grievance, Legislative Council, Membership and Nominations, Communications, Legal and Legislative, and Political Action. 2. Unless these Bylaws provide otherwise, each standing committee shall consist of two or more voting members, including the chairperson thereof. B. Duties and Responsibilities of Standing Committees. 1. The Audit Committee shall: a. Have at least one member who is a past president of the association. b. At least semiannually review the books of the association and report its findings to the Board of Governors. c. Seek the prior approval of the Board of Governors to retain a certified public accountant or licensed public accountant or firm, or either, to assist it in auditing the books of the association and in making its report to the Board of Governors. 2. The Budget and Finance Committee shall: a. Include the President-Elect/Chief Financial Officer and at least one past President of the association as members. b. Act as an advisory committee to the Board. c. Report its actions, recommendations and conclusions to the Board of Governors. d. Hold at least one meeting during the year to prepare a proposed annual budget for the ensuing fiscal year. e. Present the proposed budget for the ensuing fiscal year to the Board of Governors for approval within seventy-two hours before, during or after the Fall meeting of the Board. f. Hold additional meetings at such times and places as the President may direct. 3. The Bylaws and Resolutions Committee shall: a. Make appropriate recommendations to the Board or Executive Committee for additions and amendments to these Bylaws. b. Propose appropriate standing rules and resolutions to the Board or to a meeting of the voting members. 4. The Ethics and Grievance Committee shall receive, study and investigate all complaints referred to it against any member of the association, or the principal or designated representative thereof, and perform the duties and responsibilities set forth in Article IX. 5. The Legislative Council shall: a. Meet as directed by the chairperson. b. During its meetings, and as appropriate between meetings, receive reports from the association’s legislative advocate and legal counsel concerning legislative matters.

c. During its meetings, and as appropriate between meetings, receive other reports as its members may request. Bylaws d. Cause formal minutes to be kept of its meetings. e. Consist of at least seven and not more than nine members, with the actual number to be determined annually by the Executive Committee annually. i. The members of the Council shall include the President, President-Elect, Immediate Past President, chairperson of the Political Action Committee and three to five additional members selected by the Executive Committee. ii. Each Legislative Council member shall be appointed to a one-year term, which may be renewed annually.

← TABLE OF CONTENTS 84 BYLAWS iii. The Executive Committee has authority to fill any vacancies on the Legislative Council and such appointments shall be for the remaining portion of the one-year term of the member being replaced. iv. Any member of the Legislative Council may be removed and replaced by the Executive Committee if he or she misses two meetings within any continuous twelve-month period. v. The President may appoint any member of the Legislative Council to the position of chairperson or vice chairperson of the Legislative Council. 6. The Membership and Nominations Committee shall: a. Conduct all membership campaigns in cooperation with the staff of the association with the goal of increasing the membership of the association. b. Receive all nominations for candidates for elected office and certify in its report the eligibility of the candidates. c. Perform the duties and functions set forth in Article XV, Section 2. 7. The Communications Committee shall: a. Have as its chairperson a voting member or the designated representative of a voting member of the association. b. Meet throughout the year to develop themes for the official publications of the association, recommend articles, and review potential articles for publication. 8. The Legal and Legislative Committee shall: a. Administer the Legal and Legislative Fund (“L&L Fund”) in accordance with the association’s standard operating procedures relating to the L&L Fund. b. Coordinate and conduct fundraising efforts to assist in increasing the L&L Fund. 9. The Political Action Committee shall: a. Administer the association’s PAC Fund in accordance with the PAC’s Charter and Bylaws. b. Coordinate and conduct fundraising efforts to assist in increasing the PAC Fund. Section 4. Meetings. Each committee shall meet as directed by its chairperson, vice chairperson or by the President. Section 5. Annual Reports. Each standing committee and special committee shall place on file with the principal office of the association a written report covering a summary of its activities during the prior year and its recommendations for the future at least thirty days prior to the date of the Annual Convention. Section 6. Removal from Committees. With the prior consent of the President, a committee chairperson may remove a member from a standing or special committee or task force. The President shall have the power to remove the chairperson from his or her appointed position at any time and for any reason or no reason. Section 7. Filling Vacancies. Vacancies in standing or special committees, task forces, or the Legislative Council may be filled by the President and approved by the Board of Governors or the Executive Committee when the Board of Governors is not in session. Article XIV MEETINGS Section 1. Annual Convention. A. Notice of Meeting. 1. The annual meeting of this association shall be held at a time and place to be determined by the Executive Committee. 2. It shall be held at approximately the same time each year. 3. Notice of the annual meeting shall be sent via first-class mail, electronic mail or facsimile to each voting member at least

twenty days before the date of the meeting. Bylaws a. The notice shall state the place, date, and time of the meeting and those matters which the Board of Governors, at the time the notice is given, intends to present for action. b. Any other proper matter may be presented at the meeting for action by the voting members. c. The notice shall include the names of those who have been identified as nominees for elected office at the time the notice is given. B. Waiver of Notice.

← TABLE OF CONTENTS 85 BYLAWS 1. The transactions of any meeting of the members, however called and noticed, and wherever held, are as valid as though conducted at a meeting duly held after regular call and notice, provided a quorum is present either in person or by proxy, and if either before or after the meeting, each of the persons entitled to vote, not present at the meeting, signs a written waiver of notice or a consent to the holding of the meeting or an approval of the minutes thereof. 2. All such waivers, consents and approvals shall be filed at the principal office of the association or made a part of the minutes of the meeting. C. Proxies. Proxies may be used as set forth in these Bylaws. D. Quorum. 1. At any Annual Convention, five percent of the voting members as of December 31 of the preceding year, present in person or by proxy, in good standing and qualified to vote shall constitute a quorum; but a smaller number may adjourn any such meeting to a subsequent time. 2. A majority of the qualified voting members voting on any matter at the Annual Convention shall constitute an act of the members, provided notice thereof has been properly given and a quorum has been established. 3. When the meeting is adjourned to another time or place, notice need not be given of the continued meeting if the time and place thereof are announced when the adjournment is taken and the adjournment is for less than forty five days. At the continued meeting, the voting members may transact any business which might have been transacted at the original meeting. E. Order of Business. The order of business shall be determined by the duly adopted agenda for the meeting. F. Transaction of Business. 1. Voting shall be by voice, hand or roll call vote of the voting members qualified to vote unless a written ballot has been requested upon motion made, seconded and carried by a majority vote of the voting members present and voting. 2. The business matters to be considered at the Annual Convention include the following: a. Referrals from the Board of Governors. b. Additions, changes, revisions or amendments to these Bylaws. c. Resolutions which have met the requirements of these Bylaws. d. Election of Officers. e. Matters specified in the notice of an Annual Convention. 3. Resolutions. a. A resolution may be submitted by any voting member in writing to the chairperson of the Bylaws and Resolutions Committee or to the Executive Committee during the Annual Convention. b. The Bylaws and Resolutions Committee will consider any resolution, including its own resolution, and shall make its recommendations before the adjournment of the Annual Convention. If the proposed resolution is submitted during the Annual Convention, the Executive Committee will review the resolution and determine whether it should be placed on the agenda as new business on an emergency basis. G. Minutes. Minutes shall be kept as required in these Bylaws. Section 2. Special Sessions. A. Notice of Meetings. 1. Special Sessions of the members of the association may be called by the Board of Governors or by a petition in writing signed by at least five percent of the voting members of the association submitted to the principal office of the association.

2. The principal office of the association shall give each voting member at least twenty days written notice of the time and place Bylaws of a Special Session and the purpose(s) for which the session is called. B. Waiver of Notice, Proxies, Quorum, Order of Business and Minutes. The provisions of this Article XIV, Sections 1B, C, D, E, F and G shall apply to each Special Session, are incorporated herein, and the term “Special Session” is substituted for “Annual Conven- tion” therein. C. Transaction of Business. No business shall be transacted at any Special Session of the association except the business specified in the notice thereof.

← TABLE OF CONTENTS 86 BYLAWS

Section 3. General Sessions: Notice of Meetings, Waiver of Notice, Proxies, Quorum, Order of Business, Transaction of Business, and Minutes. The provisions of Article XIV, Sections 1A, B, C, D, E, F and G shall apply to General Sessions, are incorporated herein, and the term “General Session” is substituted for “Annual Convention” therein. Article XV NOMINATIONS AND VOTING Section 1. Nominating Procedures. A. All candidates certified in the report of the Membership and Nominations Committee shall be placed on the ballot for the voting members at the Annual Convention as part of the election of officers. B. Campaigns. Nominating speeches on behalf of all candidates and any candidates’ speeches shall be governed by the rules adopted by the Board of Governors prior to the speeches. Equal time shall be allotted to each candidate. Section 2. Membership and Nominations Committee. A. The members of the Nominations Committee shall be appointed by the President. B. The Membership and Nominations Committee shall be comprised of three voting members, none of whom shall be a holder of, nor a candidate for, elected office...... C. The Membership and Nominations Committee shall supervise and conduct such elections as the Board of Governors or President shall specify. D. The Membership and Nominations Committee shall determine that each candidate has satisfied the requirements of the association’s standard operating procedures regarding background checks for officer candidates before certifying that a candidate may be placed on the ballot. Section 3. Voting Procedures. A. Ballots. 1. The Secretary shall cause an official ballot of the qualified and certified candidates to be prepared in sufficient quantity to allow all voting members in attendance to vote. 2. The ballots prepared shall reflect absolute equality between candidates and, when more than one name has been proposed for an office, the names shall appear on the ballot in alphabetical order. 3. Ballots shall be distributed to the voting members before the opening of the polls. B. Time and Place of Voting. 1. The voting place shall be designated by the Executive Committee at the Annual Convention. 2. The polls shall open and close at the times and on the date designated by the Executive Committee. C. Voting. 1. While the ballots are being cast, there shall be present at the polling place: a. An alphabetical list of all voting members in good standing. b. A listing of those voting members registered for the Annual Convention. c. Two or more members of the Nominations Committee shall act as General Session or Special Session judges of the elections. 2. Before receiving a ballot, a person wishing to vote shall give his or her name to one of the judges so that he or she may be certified as satisfying the voting requirements specified in these Bylaws. 3. The person casting the vote shall make a mark indicating his or her choice of the candidate(s) and shall then hand the ballot to

one of the judges. Bylaws 4. The judges will then mark that the person has voted. 5. The judges will then cause the ballot to be identified as an official ballot and shall deposit it in the ballot box. 6. To be counted, a ballot must be stamped or otherwise identified as an official ballot by one of the judges. 7. Canvassing the Ballots. Voting shall stop promptly at the time designated by the Executive Committee and the following procedures followed: a. The ballot box shall be promptly turned over to the Nominations Committee.

← TABLE OF CONTENTS 87 BYLAWS

b. The Members of the Nominations Committee shall at once count the ballots. c. The chairman of the Nominations Committee shall certify the result of the vote to the Vice President/Secretary who shall announce such results at the time and place designated by the Executive Committee. 8. Unanimous Ballot. In the event only one candidate has been nominated for a specific office, any voting member may make a motion that the election for that office may proceed by a voice vote. 9. Run Off Elections. a. In the event no candidate receives a majority of the votes cast for an office, a run off election shall be held between the two candidates receiving the greatest and second greatest number of votes. In the event of a tie between those receiving the second greatest number of votes, those two candidates shall participate in a preliminary run-off election, conducted pursuant to these Bylaws, to determine which of these candidates will participate in a run-off with the candidate receiving the greatest number of votes. b. Any run off election shall be conducted pursuant to these Bylaws. 10. Determination of Vote. a. In each instance the candidate receiving a majority of the votes cast shall be declared elected. b. All those elected shall take office immediately upon the closing of the Annual Convention, General Session or Special Session at which they were elected and shall serve until their successors are elected and qualified. 11. Tie Vote. a. In the event of a tie vote for the final two candidates for any elected office, the Board of Governors shall specially convene at a time and place to be designated by the President and shall determine, by written ballot of the members of the Board of Governors present and voting, which of said candidates shall stand elected and installed as an officer. b. Any member of the Board of Governors who is a candidate in said tie vote shall not be permitted to vote. 12. Voting When not In-Person. a. Whenever a vote is conducted by first-class mail, electronic mail or facsimile, a ballot shall be sent by first-class mail, electronic mail or facsimile to the voting member or the designated representative of each voting member enabling such voting member to cast a vote. b. Such ballot shall set forth the proposed action; provide an opportunity to specify approval or disapproval of any proposal; indicate the number of responses needed to meet the quorum requirements; identify the percentage necessary to approve the measure submitted and the time by which the ballot must be received in order to be counted. c. The Board of Governors may make such additional rules and regulations for conducting a vote by first-class mail, electronic mail or facsimile as it may deem appropriate in the interest of insuring a complete, accurate and secure ballot. d. Each ballot must be returned by first-class mail, electronic mail or facsimile to the principal office of the association where it shall be held until the time specified for the counting of the ballots. e. No returned ballot received by the principal office after the date specified for the return thereof shall be counted. f. All returned ballots shall be turned over to the chairperson of the Nominations Committee, and the Committee, or a majority of the members thereof, shall certify the results of said vote to the Vice President/Secretary of the association, who shall announce such results at a time and place designated by the Executive Committee. g. Approval by written ballot shall be valid only when the number of votes cast by ballot within the time period specified equals or exceeds the quorum required to be present at a meeting authorizing the action and the number of approvals equals or exceeds the number of votes that would have been required to approve at a meeting at which the total

number of votes cast was the same as the total number of votes cast by ballot. Bylaws Article XVI REGIONS Section 1. Recognition. A. Existing Regions. All regions now organized and such other regions as may hereafter be organized in accordance with the requirements contained in these Bylaws shall be recognized officially as part of the association, provided that each region, to remain in good standing, shall at all times consist of not less than five voting members of the association who are in good standing.

← TABLE OF CONTENTS 88 BYLAWS B. Bylaws. 1. The bylaws or other governing documents of any region shall not be in conflict with the bylaws of the association. 2. The bylaws or other governing documents of a region shall establish rules for its individual government, but must contain the following provisions: a. No member of a region shall be qualified to hold office in any other region. b. The president of the region shall be the official representative of such Region except that if the president is unable to attend any meetings of the Board of Governors, the region may, pursuant to the provisions of its own bylaws or other governing documents, select an alternate to represent the region. c. In the event that any person is, at the time of his or her election as an elected officer of the association, the president of his or her region, then such person shall not be permitted to represent that region on the Board of Governors, and the newly elected or appointed region president, determined pursuant to the region’s governing documents, shall represent the region on the Board. Section 2. Organization. A. Any five or more voting members of the association in good standing may apply for recognition by the association as a region. B. The application shall: 1. Be submitted in writing to the principal office of the association. 2. Be signed by all persons desiring to organize such region. 3. Be accompanied by a copy of its bylaws or other governing documents. 4. That in the event the association grants recognition, the region shall abide by the bylaws of the association. 5. Be submitted by the principal office to the association. 6. The principal office shall promptly submit the application to the Board of Governors. 7. Notice of such application shall be published in the official publication of the association. 8. If such Region will not be in conflict with any other region and if the bylaws or other governing documents thereof are not in conflict with any of the provisions of the Bylaws of the association, the Board of Governors shall promptly accept or reject the application. 9. The President shall notify the applying voting members of the acceptance or rejection of the application. Section 3. Region Boundaries. A. A current description of the boundaries of the regions shall be maintained at the principal office of the association. B. The Executive Committee or the Board of Governors may alter the boundaries of any region based on the best interests of the association. Article XVII FINANCE AND ACCOUNTING Section 1. Fiscal Year. The fiscal year of the Association, and of each region, shall begin on the first day of January each year and end on the last day of the following December, unless otherwise changed by the Board of Governors. Section 2. System of Accounts. The Board of Governors shall cause an efficient system of accounting to be installed and maintained. Section 3. Budget. All appropriations of funds of the Association shall be made by the Board of Governors based upon the approved budget. No expenses shall be incurred by any officer or any committee in excess of an appropriation therefor, without the approval of the Board of Governors or the Executive Committee when the Board is not in session.

Section 4. Annual Report. An annual financial report shall: Bylaws A. Be prepared not later than one hundred twenty days after the close of the association’s fiscal year. B. Be compiled in accordance with Section 8321 of the California Corporations Code. C. Include a statement of any transactions with interested persons and of indemnification pursuant to Section 8322 of the California Corporations Code. D. Be available to voting members of the association, who are in good standing, once it is approved. Section 5. Inspection Rights.

← TABLE OF CONTENTS 89 BYLAWS A. A voting member in good standing may inspect and copy the association’s roster of voting members, which is located at the principal office of the association at reasonable time, upon five business days prior written request to the principal office, provided access to this information is reasonably related to such person’s interest as a voting member. The request shall state the purpose for which the inspection rights are requested. The association may deny the request if the request is not based on a proper purpose, including but not limited to, the marketing or promotional interests of the voting member making the request. In the event the association grants the request, the voting member making the request may only have access to the names and mailing addresses of the voting members. B. The financial records and minutes of the meeting of the Board of Governors, and the committees of the Board, shall be open to inspection upon the written request to the principal office by any voting member at any reasonable time, provided access to this information is reasonably related to such person’s interests as a voting member. C. Each member of the Board of Governors shall have the right to inspect and copy all books, records and documents of every kind of the association. D. Any inspection under this Article XVII may be made in person by the voting member or the designated representative of the voting member, by a member of the Board of Governors or by the attorney for such member or person, and the right of inspection includes the right to make copies at the requester’s own expense. Section 6. Roster of Members. A roster of the members including their names, addresses and the class or category of membership shall be kept at the principal office of the association. Article XVIII OFFICIAL PUBLICATIONS Section 1. Publications. The association shall publish one or more official publications under the direction of the Communications Committee. Section 2. Advertisements. Space may be sold in the official publication(s) for advertisements. Article XIX RULES OF ORDER Section 1. Robert’s Rules of Order. In all questions of order and parliamentary procedure not covered by these Bylaws, “Robert’s Rules of Order Newly Revised” shall govern. Section 2. Parliamentarian. The President may appoint any person as parliamentarian who is well versed in recognized parliamentary procedure to advise the presiding officer at any meeting concerning rules or order and procedure. Article XX DISSOLUTION Section 1. Election to Dissolve. Upon a vote of two-thirds of the voting members, the association, shall be dissolved and the assets of the association shall be applied to the liabilities and debts of the association and any remaining balance shall be distributed by the Board of Governors in accordance with the California Corporations Code or, by an order of the proper court if not by the Board of Governors, in accordance with, to the extent possible, the purposes of this Association as stated in these Bylaws. Section 2. No Distribution to Members. In no event shall the assets of the association, after payment of its liabilities and debts, be distributed to the benefit of any individual member of the association. Article XXI AMENDMENT OF BYLAWS Section 1. Procedure. A. Except as otherwise expressly set forth herein, these Bylaws may be amended at any Annual Convention of the association, or at any General Session or Special Session of the membership, upon a vote of two thirds of the voting members at a meeting at which a quorum is present. Bylaws B. Before any proposed amendment may be voted upon: 1. The proposed amendment shall be filed with the principal office at least thirty days prior to the commencement of any Annual Convention, General Session or Special Session. 2. The principal office of the association shall have caused notice of such proposed amendment to be sent to each voting member of the association by first-class mail, electronic mail or by facsimile transmission at least twenty days prior to the commencement of the Annual Convention, General Session or Special Session. 3. Proposed Bylaw amendments may be submitted either by a voting member directly to the principal office of the associa-

← TABLE OF CONTENTS 90 BYLAWS

tion or to the Bylaws and Resolutions Committee for consideration. All recommendations or proposals of the Bylaws and Resolutions Committee shall be presented to the Executive Committee. The Executive Committee shall review and, if it deems appropriate, revise or comment on the proposed amendment and present its recommendations or proposals to the Board of Governors. The Board shall review and, if it deems appropriate, revise any proposed amendments. Proposed Bylaw amendments approved by the Board of Governors shall be transmitted by the Executive Committee to the principal office of the association for publication and notice as provided in these Bylaws. Section 2. Amendments Regarding ACA Compliance. Notwithstanding the requirements of Article XXI, Section 1 above, in those instances in which an amendment to these bylaws is proposed for the limited purpose of conforming the association’s Bylaws to the bylaws of ACA, the amendment may be approved by a majority vote of the Board of Governors. Section 3. Form. No proposed amendment of these Bylaws shall be received or considered, unless the entire Article sought to be amended is presented at the same time, showing the Article as it will read if the proposed amendment is adopted. CERTIFICATE OF SECRETARY I, the undersigned, the duly elected Secretary of California Association of Collectors, a California corporation, do hereby certify that the foregoing Bylaws were adopted as the Bylaws of the Corporation by the members of the association on ______, 2014, and that the same do now constitute the Bylaws of the association. IN WITNESS WHEREOF, I have subscribed my name as of the date written below. Bylaws

← TABLE OF CONTENTS 91 MOSTCommonly A COMMONLYsked Questions ASKED QUESTIONS The California Association of Collectors is the nation’s oldest and largest statewide association representing third-party collection agencies . Collection agencies are businesses that collect past due bills and accounts for other persons or businesses . This pamphlet will provide you with information about what to expect and what you should do if you are contacted by a collection agency concerning a consumer debt . CAC members participate in educational programs for both management and employees emphasizing legal issues and practices regarding professional conduct in accordance with state and federal law . The California (Rosenthal Act) and the federal Fair Debt Collection Practices Act (FDCPA) are two of the laws most relevant to consumer rights under both state and federal law with respect to third-party debt collectors . The FDCPA and the Rosenthal Act were enacted with the support of CAC and the American Collectors Association, CAC’s national affiliate, to protect consumers from unfair and abusive collection practices . The FDCPA regulates all third-party collection agencies handling consumer debt (but may not apply to child support collections) . The Rosenthal Act governs all consumer credit debt collections . This pamphlet is not intended to be a complete or official summary of either of these laws, but simply an attempt to provide an understanding of the provisions of these laws as they pertain to a consumer when contacted by a third-party debt collector, and the most frequently asked questions following such contact . Most of the information presented here applies only to collection agencies . The association is not able to assist in the handling of problems or disputes between a consumer and the original creditor . 1. Must the creditor (the business or person to whom the original debt is owed) notify me before turning my account over to a collection agency? The creditor generally is not required to let you know it’s referring your account to a collection agency . There are rare exceptions to this rule . 2. How can I find out what the bill is for? Either in its first contact with you regarding an unpaid bill or in writing within five days after that contact, the collection agency must provide the following information to you: (a) The amount you owe, (b) the name of the creditor, and (c) the process to follow if you dispute the bill . The five-day notification period applies whether the collection agency’s first contact with you is by telephone or in writing, but many agencies include this information on their initial written notice, whether or not they have telephoned first . 3. What do I do if a collection agency contacts me? It is important that you respond as soon as possible . If you don’t, the agency may keep trying to reach you to collect what it believes is a valid debt . If you legally owe the bill, you should arrange to pay it if possible . 4. Why can’t I just continue making payments to the original creditor to whom I owed the money? In California, once the debt has been assigned to the collection agency, Operational Reference it is the collection agency that is entitled to receive all payments . The collection agency becomes the “owner” of the debt you owe . The collection agency is responsible for collecting the debt and is the only one who can agree to payment terms .

← TABLE OF CONTENTS 92 Commonly Asked Questions

5. When can a collection agency call me? An agency may only call at hours presumed to be convenient for the debtor — generally, between 8 a .m . and 9 p .m . If these hours are inconvenient for you, you may ask the agency to contact you at other times . There is no law that specifically limits the number of calls an agency may make to you, but repeated calls over a short period, which may be annoying or harassing, are prohibited . 6. Can a collection agency contact other people and discuss my bill? Although a collector may call others to try to locate you, he or she may not discuss your account or debt status except with your spouse, attorney, or (if applicable) a person necessary to enforce a judgment . The collector must give his or her name, but not the name of the agency unless they are specifically asked for it . 7 Can a collection agency contact my employer? An agency may contact an employer, but only for the following reasons: a . To communicate with you at your place of employment . b . To verify your location . c . To garnish your wages once you have been taken to court and a judgment was entered against you . d . To find out whether you have medical insurance to cover a medical bill . 8. Can a collection agency contact me at my place of employment? Yes, unless the debt collector knows or has reason to know that your employer prohibits you from receiving such communication . However, if you do not want to be contacted at work, you can request that the collector not telephone or send you notices at work . Be sure to make your request in writing to protect yourself . If the agency does send you a notice at work, it must be marked PERSONAL & CONFIDENTIAL . If you request not to be contacted at work and the agency is unable to contact you at home, the agency may have no other option but to file a civil lawsuit for the amount of the bill it is collecting . 9. How do I stop a collection agency from contacting me? If you want to stop all contact from the agency you may request that they not contact you again —IN WRITING . Your letter should be sent by certified mail, “return receipt requested,” so you have proof of its delivery . Remember, though, that if you request no further contact in any way, except for certain messages allowed by law, you may leave the agency with no choice but to file a civil lawsuit against you . 10. Does an agency have to accept partial payments? No . A collection agency has the choice of demanding the whole amount or taking payments on the bill . It will want to know your actual ability to pay the debt . The agency may establish the amount of payments and how often you will be required to make them . 11. As long as I am paying something every month, doesn’t the collection agency have to take my payment? No . The agency’s responsibility is to collect the debts assigned to it . The agency will want to have payments made pursuant to an agreed plan, so it knows when to expect payment, and when the debt will be paid in full . Operational Reference 12. The collection agency has agreed to take payments. Do I have to sign a contract? You don’t have to sign any contract with a collection agency . However, if

← TABLE OF CONTENTS 93 Commonly Asked Questions

the collection agency wants the payment agreement to be in writing, it has the right to require you to sign a contract as a condition of accepting payments . This can be a protection for both of you as long as you make the payments under the contract . If you make your payments on time and pay the agreed amount, the agency cannot change the way it is collecting the bill or demand more money . But, if you fail to make the payments according to the contract, the collection agency could then demand payment of or sue you for the entire remaining balance, not just the defaulted payment . The contract may also be in the form of a promissory note . These are both legal documents by which you will be bound — do not promise more than you can pay, and do not sign one just to appease an agency . A contract is a legally enforceable agreement . 13. What about oral (unwritten) payment plans? The same conditions apply to unwritten agreements as do the written agreements . Both are contracts between you and the collection agency . 14. The collection agency wants me to write postdated checks or pre- authorize payments from my checking account. Do I have to do this? No, you are not required to give postdated checks or pre-authorized payments to a collection agency . However, many consumers and collection agencies have found that this is a very efficient means of structuring a repayment plan as it requires little ongoing maintenance by either party . Writing or accepting postdated checks or pre-authorized payments are not illegal so long as you plan to cover them when they are cashed or presented . The agency is required to send a notice of intent to deposit letter prior to deposit of any check . 15. May a collection agency demand the consumer pay interest on an assigned debt? If so, how much? When assigned the debt by the original creditor, the collection agency can demand and collect interest from the debtor to the same extent that the consumer would be obligated to pay interest to the original creditor . The obligation to pay interest is not changed by the debt being assigned to a collection agency . If a collection agency does demand and collect interest, it should be shown as a separate amount from the principal when it is first demanded from the consumer . Subsequently, each additional amount of interest should be shown as a separate increase to the total balance due at that time . The obligation to pay interest exists whether a contract you signed included a promise to pay interest, the contract you signed was silent with respect to the amount of interest which would become due, or there was no written contract for the monies, goods, or services you obtained from the creditor . California law provides for these three situations, if there is not a specified legal rate of interest, then it shall be 10 percent per annum for debts incurred after January 1, 1986 . A creditor or collection agency may demand and collect a higher rate of interest if a written contract on which the debt is based includes a provision for higher interest (i .e ., credit card company contract you signed provides for an 18 percent interest rate, then the collection agency may demand Operational Reference and collect the 18 percent interest), so long as that higher rate of interest could properly have been part of the contract with the original creditor . 16. What if I can’t make the payments I agreed to make? If possible, contact the agency before you miss a payment or send a

← TABLE OF CONTENTS 94 Commonly Asked Questions

partial payment . Explain the problem and what you plan to do to solve it and catch up on your payments . Many agencies will work with you, especially if you’ve already made several payments on time . 17. What if the bill has been paid, I do not owe the bill, or I am not the person the collection agency is looking for? If you do not owe the bill, or if the bill has already been paid, send the agency a written explanation along with copies of receipts, cancelled checks and any other information to back up your claim . It is important to send your letter within 30 days after your first contact from the collection agency . Once the agency receives your dispute letter, it must stop further attempts to collect the debt until it sends you written verification to show that you do owe the bill and that the amount of the bill is correct . If you are questioning only a part of the bill, the agency may not continue to collect on that part until it has provided verification, but you should make arrangements to pay the rest of the bill . If you are not the person the agency is looking for, write and explain the mistake . You may be asked to provide a driver’s license or social security number to prove that you are the wrong person . If you are unsure about your legal responsibility for a debt, check with an attorney . If the collection agency is unable to obtain verification that you owe the debt, it may return your account to the creditor and stop collection efforts . 18. Can a collection agency sue me? Yes . The agency, represented by its counsel, may file a civil lawsuit against you in Superior Court . A collection agency may not sue in small claims court . If a judgment is obtained by the agency you may be liable for additional expenses for court costs and/or attorney fees . 19. Can a collection agency report my account to a credit bureau (i.e., Experian, TransUnion or Equifax, etc.)? Yes . Most collection agencies, through not required to by law, provide a brief period after receiving your account and before reporting it to the credit bureaus . Therefore, it is important that you make immediate contact with the agency to resolve the matter before any negative information is reported about your past due account . 20. What should I do if the agency has already reported my account to a credit bureau? If you owe the debt, you should pay it . Payment of the debt in full will allow the agency to report your account as paid in full to the credit reporting agencies . If you dispute the debt you should send written notification to the agency together with supporting documentation to substantiate your position . 21. If I pay a bill to the collection agency in full, are they required to delete their negative report on my credit? No . They are required to show it as “paid collection” . The credit reporting agencies prohibit deleting a reported debt merely because it was paid .

22. What if I have been the victim of Identity Theft and the debt is not mine. Operational Reference There are certain steps you must take if you have been the victim of identity theft . You can contact the California Association of Collectors for more information about this subject .

← TABLE OF CONTENTS 95 Impact of Third-Party Debt Collection

THE IMPACT OF THIRD-PARTY DEBT COLLECTION California Association of Collectors

Serving the Public, Private and Non-Profit Sectors The California Association of Collectors promotes lawful consumer debt collection for creditors and government. We serve members by providing education and training; promoting ethical professional conduct; and acting as a California voice in business, legal, regulatory and legislative matters. Our members provide services to the following industries: » Financial Services » Healthcare / Medical » Professional Services » Banks / Credit Unions » Hospitals » Retail » Colleges/Universities »T elecommunications » Non-Profit Organizations » Government » Utilities » Small Business

Vital to America and California’s Economies Economic Impact of Third-Party Debt Collection

UNITED STATES CALIFORNIA 2016 2013 2016 2013 Returning Assets » Gross Revenue $78.5 B $55.2 B $5.2 B $4.6 B » Net Debt Returned $67.6 B $44.9 B $4.2 B $3.7 B Providing Jobs » Direct Jobs 129,262 136,127 9,923 11,307 »T otal Jobs 218,324 231,270 18,036 20,430 Making Payroll » Direct Payroll $6.6 B $6.4 B $588 M $582 M »T otal Payroll $12.6 B $12.4 B $1.3 B $1.3 B Paying Taxes » Direct State/Local $677 M $687 M $63.9 M $63.7 M »T otal State/Local $1.3 B $1.3 B $139.9 M $134.5 M » Direct Federal $852 M $724 M $71.3 M $64.1 M »T otal Federal $1.6 B $1.3 B $156.4 M $130.9 M

Source: Ernst & Young, 2017, 2014 The Impact of Third-Party Debt Collection on the U.S. Economies In www.acainternational.org/ernst-young2016, the Third-Party Debt Collection Industry Returned Operational Reference $67.6 Billion to U.S. Creditors

← TABLE OF CONTENTS 96 COLLECTIONS 2016 U.S. Creditors

Sixty-Seven Billion, Six Hundred Million 67,600,000,000

RECOVERED DEBT Third-Party Debt Coect s

CONSUMERS BUSINESSES GOVERNMENT

TAXES 129,262 Paid by third-party collection % agencies and their employees: JOBS $4.9 billion 42 Number of jobs and amount $852 million Federal of payroll created. PRODUCTIVITY Increase in the amount of debt $677 million State and Local collected since 2013. TYPES OF SAVINGS $579 TYPES OF DEBT COLLECTED LOCAL GOVERNMENT DEBT COLLECTED Average household savings due to Government lower costs of goods and services. Healthcare

Student Loan $17.7 million Financial Utility Court Fees Taxes Healthcare Services CHARITY 521,700 hours Telecom/Utility, Contributed to charitable community Retail, Mortgage, causes. Other Fines/Tickets Tolls Student Loans www.acainternational.org/ernst-young Source: Ernst & Young, 2017, 2014 The Impact of Third-Party Debt Collection on the U.S. Economies Impact of Third-Party Debt Collection

In 2016, the Third-Party Debt Collection Industry Returned In$67.6 2016, Billion the Third-Party to U.S. Creditors Debt Collection Industry Returned

$67.6COLLECTION Billion toS U.S. Creditors 2016 U.S. Creditors COLLECTIONS 2016 67,600,000,000 Sixty-SevenU.S. Billion, Six Creditors Hundred Million RECOVERED DEBT Third-Party Debt Coect s Sixty-Seven Billion, Six Hundred Million 67,600,000,000

RECOVERED DEBT Third-Party Debt Coect s

CONSUMERS BUSINESSES GOVERNMENT

TAXES 129,262 Paid by third-party collection % agencies and their employees: JOBSCONSUMERS$4.9 billion BUSINESSES42 GOVERNMENT Number of jobs and amount $852 million Federal of payroll created. PRODUCTIVITY Increase in the amount of debt $677TAXES million State and Local 129,262 collected since 2013. Paid by third-party collection % agencies and their employees: JOBS $4.9 billion 42 TYPES OF NumberSAVINGS of jobs$579 and amount TYPES OF DEBT COLLECTED $852LOCAL million GOVERNMENT Federal of payroll created. PRODUCTIVITY DEBT COLLECTED Average household savings due to Government lower costs of goods and services. Increase in the amount of debt $677 million State and Local collectedHealthcare since 2013.

Student Loan TYPES OF SAVINGS $579$17.7 million TYPESFinancial OF DEBT COLLECTED UtilityLOCAL Court Fees GOVERNMENTTaxes Healthcare Average household savings due to Services DEBT COLLECTED CHARITY 521,700 hours Government lower costs of goods and services. Telecom/Utility, Contributed to charitable community HealthcareRetail, Mortgage, causes. Other Fines/Tickets Tolls Student Loans Student Loan www.acainternational.org/ernst-young$17.7 million Financial Source: Ernst & Young, 2017, 2014 The Impact Utilityof Third-Party Court Debt Fees CollectionTaxes on the U.S.Healthcare Economies Services CHARITY 521,700 hours Telecom/Utility, Contributed to charitable community Retail, Mortgage, causes. Other Fines/Tickets Tolls Student Loans

www.acainternational.org/ernst-young Source: Ernst & Young, 2017, 2014 The Impact of Third-Party Debt Collection on the U.S. Economies Operational Reference

← TABLE OF CONTENTS 97 ACA International

Introducing ACAACA InternationalInternational ACA International, the largest trade group for the debt collection industry, rrepresents approximately 2,500 members,ACA International, including the credit largest grantors, trade third-party group for thecollection debt collection agencies, industry, asset buyers, rrepresents attorneys, approximately and vendor affiliates,2,500 whomembers, employ including more than credit 220,000 grantors, employees third-party worldwide. collection ACA agencies, members asset include buyers, the smallest attorneys, of businesses and vendor that affiliates, operatewho employ within more a limited than geographic220,000 employees range of a worldwide. single state, ACA and membersthe largest include of publicly the smallestheld, multinational of businesses corporations that thatoperate operate within in everya limited state. geographic The majority range of ACA-member of a single state, debt andcollection the largest companies, of publicly however, held, are multinational small businesses corporations withthat operatenearly 70 in percent every state. maintaining The majority fewer thanof ACA-member 20 employees. debt On collection behalf of itscompanies, members, however, ACA provides are small the following: businesses with nearly 70 percent maintaining fewer than 20 employees. On behalf of its members, ACA provides the following: » Advocacy – Supporting members’ voices on federal, state, and local public policy and regulatory issues. » Advocacy – Supporting members’ voices on federal, state, and local public policy and regulatory issues. » Education – Delivering educational opportunities to help members and their » Education – employees Delivering succeededucational and opportunitiescomply with all to applicablehelp members laws. and their employees succeed and comply with all applicable laws. » Leadership – For more than 75 years, ACA International has been the leading source of » Leadership – critical For more information than 75 andyears, in-depth ACA International knowledge about has been the credit the leading and collection source of industrycritical informationat the state and nationalin-depth levels. knowledge about the credit and collection industry at the state and national levels. ACA partners with 37 independent units representing all 50 United States andACA an partners international with 37 unit independent representing units more representing than 60 countries. all 50 United States and an international unit representing more than 60 countries. About the Third-Party Debt Collection Industry

DebtAbout collectors the Third-Partywant to serve as Debta CollectionDebt collectors Industry are the backbone of valuable resource to policymakers by: America’s credit-based economy because they: Debt collectors want to serve as a Debt collectors are the backbone of » At the federal level, collaborating with the » Return capital to the national, state, and local economies. valuableCFPB, FTC, resource FCC, Congress, to policymakers and others to by: » America’sHelp keep prices credit-based for goods and economy services low, because while making they: credit less expensive » modernizeAt the federal outdated level, laws,collaborating provide importantwith the » andReturn more caavailable.pital to the national, state, and local economies. informationCFPB, FTC, aboutFCC, Congress,the debt collection and others to » » AreHelp highl keepy trained prices professionals for goods and who services are skilled low, at while amicably making resolving credit accountsless expensive industry,modernize and outdated ensure clear,laws, well-reasoned,provide important andand helping more toavailable. restore consumers’ financial good standing. andinformation balanced about regulations. the debt collection » » ProvideAre highl smally trained businesses professionals and governments who are withskilled the at specialized amicably expertiseresolving accounts » Atindustry, the sta andte level, ensure working clear, with well-reasoned, and andand experience helping to to restore recover consumers’ money necessary financial for theirgood survival. standing. educatingand balanced governors, regulations. state legislators, » » CreaProvidete jobs, small pay taxesbusinesses and give and back governments to local communities. with the specialized expertise state regulators, and attorneys general » At the state level, working with and » Operaandte experience locally and to within recover their money own communities, necessary for with their 86% survival. of collection agencies about the complex issues that affect our educating governors, state legislators, » havingCrea 49te jobs,employees pay taxes or less, and and give 48% back having to local nine communities. employees or less. industry.state regulators, and attorneys general » Operate locally and within their own communities, with 86% of collection agencies about the complex issues that affect our having 49 employees or less, and 48% having nine employees or less. industry. Debt collectors are highly regulated and want to help Debt collectors are eliminate bad actors from the industry. Our members: pro-consumer in: » DebtBelieve collectors bad actors arewho highlytake advanta regulatedge of consumers and want and to have help »Debt Seeking collectors balance arebetween consumer no intention of complying with the myriad debt collection laws protection and the ability to recover eliminate bad actors from the industry. Our members: pro-consumer in: and regulations are criminals who tarnish the reputation of rightfully owed debts. » Believe bad actors who take advantage of consumers and have » Seeking balance between consumer legitimate debt collectors. » Focusing on compliance and customer no intention of complying with the myriad debt collection laws protection and the ability to recover » Believe bad actors who engage in unlawful practices service—helping people resolve issues. and regulations are criminals who tarnish the reputation of rightfully owed debts. under the false pretense of debt collection should » Employing diverse men and women who legitimate debt collectors. » Focusing on compliance and customer be held strongly accountable. find mutually beneficial arrangements or » Believe bad actors who engage in unlawful practices service—helping people resolve issues. payment plans to help consumers resolve under the false pretense of debt collection should » theirEmploying debts. diverse men and women who be held strongly accountable. find mutually beneficial arrangements or payment plans to help consumers resolve their debts. In 2016, the Third-Party Debt Collection Industry Returned Operational Reference $67.6 Billion to U.S. Creditors

← TABLE OF CONTENTS 98 COLLECTIONS 2016 U.S. Creditors

Sixty-Seven Billion, Six Hundred Million 67,600,000,000

RECOVERED DEBT Third-Party Debt Coect s

CONSUMERS BUSINESSES GOVERNMENT

www.acainternational.org/ernst-young Source: Ernst & Young, 2017, 2014 The Impact of Third-Party Debt Collection on the U.S. Economies ACA International

The Role of the Debt Collection Industry » Through the recovery of outstanding debts, the debt collection Debt Returned by Third-Party Debt Theindustry Role provides of lendersthe Debt with the Collectionlatitude to continue Industry extending Collection Agencies in the U.S. in 2016 credit to consumers, helps businesses that provide goods or » Throughservices onthe credit recover remainy of outstanding solvent, and debts, prevents the debtpassing collection the costs of Debt Returned by Third-Party Debt bothindustry monetary provides loss lenders and risk with on the to consumers.latitude to continue extending Collection Agencies in the U.S.Total in 2016 debt recovered: » Becausecredit to consumers,the debt collection helps businesses industry provides that provide a degree goods of stabilityor servicesfor lenders on andcredit a mechanismremain solvent, for them and preventsto mitigate passing losses, the it costs of $78.5 Billion bothfacilitates monetary a marketplace loss and risk where on tocredit consumers. is more available to a broader Total debt recovered: Net debt returned to creditors » Becauserange of consumersthe debt collection across aindustr varietyy providesof income a categoriesdegree of stabilityand $78.5 Billion creditfor lenders histories. and a mechanism for them to mitigate losses, it 86% – $67.6 Billion » Hafacilitatesving access a marketplace to credit enables where creditconsumers is more to availablemake high-cost to a broader Net debt returned to creditors investments,range of consumers such as across purchasing a variety an automobileof income categories or investing and in – $67.6 Billion education,credit histories. without being constrained by immediate cash on hand. 86% » InHa 2016,ving access third-party to credit collection enables agencies consumers returned to make $67.6 high-cost billion to “The Impact of Third-Party Debt Collection on the US National and creditors.investments, This such return as topurchasing creditors representsan automobile an averageor investing savings in State Economies in 2016.” Ernst & Young. November, 2017. ofeducation, $579 per without household, being as constrained businesses by were immediate not compelled cash on to hand. » compensateIn 2016, third-party for lost collectioncapital through agencies increased returned prices. $67.6 billion to “The Impact of Third-Party Debt Collection on the US National and creditors. This return to creditors represents an average savings State Economies in 2016.” Ernst & Young. November, 2017. of $579 per household, as businesses were not compelled to compensate for lost capital through increased prices.

Diversity in the Collection Industry Overall Race and Ethnicity in the Debt Collection Industry 2% 1% Hispanic or Latino » While women constitute roughly 47% of the overall US workforce, Overall Race and Ethnicity in the Debt Collection Industry the debt collection industry is overwhelmingly female, with 16% White Diversity in the Collection Industry 21% women making-up 70% of the total workforce. 2% 1% Hispanic Black or Africanor Latino American » While women constitute roughly 47% of the overall US workforce, » The diversity of the debt collection industry is also reflected by Asian the factdebt that collection racial andindustry ethnic is overwhelminglyminority groups female,account withfor 40% of 16% White thewomen total making-up debt collection 70% workforce. of the total workforce. 21%60% AmericanBlack or African Indian, American Alaska Native, » The diversity of the debt collection industry is also reflected by Native Hawaiian and Other » 24% of ACA’s member organizations are minority or women- AsianPacific Islander ownedthe fact businesses. that racial and ethnic minority groups account for 40% of the total debt collection workforce. 60% American Indian, Alaska Native, » Just over half (51%) of ACA’s member organizations reported Native Hawaiian and Other » that24% more of ACA’s than member 60% of organizationstheir employees are were minority veterans or women- or military Pacific Islander spouses,owned businesses. disabled persons, members of underrepresented Percentage of Employees That are Veterans or Military » minorities,Just over half or women.(51%) of ACA’s member organizations reported Spouses, Disabled Persons, Minorities, or Women that more than 60% of their employees were veterans or military spouses, disabled persons, members of underrepresented Percentage of Employees That are0% - Veterans 20% of employees or Military minorities, or women. Spouses, Disabled Persons, Minorities, 21% - 40% or of Womenemployees 29% 27% 41%0% - -20% 60% of of employees employees 6% 61%21% - 80%40% of employees 29% 27% 22% 16% 81%41% - 100%60% of of employees employees N=1227 6% 61% - 80% of employees 81% - 100% of employees “Diversity22% in the Collections16% Industry: An Overview of the Collections Workforce.” ACA International White PaperN=1227. January 2016.

“Diversity in the Collections Industry: An Overview of the Collections Workforce.” ACA International White Paper. January 2016.

ACA International DC Office ACA International Minnesota Office [email protected] 509 2nd Street NE 4040 W. 70th Street www.acainternational.org Washington, DC 20002 Minneapolis, MN 55437 ACA International(202) 547-2670 DC Office ACA International(952) 928-8000 Minnesota Office [email protected] 509 2nd Street NE 4040 W. 70th Street www.acainternational.org Washington, DC 20002 Minneapolis, MN 55437 In 2016, the Third-Party Debt (202) 547-2670 (952) 928-8000 Collection Industry Returned Operational Reference $67.6 Billion to U.S. Creditors

← TABLE OF CONTENTS 99 COLLECTIONS 2016 U.S. Creditors

Sixty-Seven Billion, Six Hundred Million 67,600,000,000

RECOVERED DEBT Third-Party Debt Coect s

CONSUMERS BUSINESSES GOVERNMENT

ACA INTERNATIONAL WHITE PAPER The Role of Third-Party Debt CollectionACA INTERNATIONAL WHITEin the PAPER U.S.The RoleEconomy of Third-Party Debt CollectionJANUARY 2016 in the Josh Adams, PhD Director of Research ACAU.S. International Economy Washington, D.C. JANUARY 2016

Josh Adams, PhD Director of Research ACA International Washington, D.C.

WWW.ACAINTERNATIONAL.ORG Operational Reference WWW.ACAINTERNATIONAL.ORG

← TABLE OF CONTENTS 100 Role of Third-Party Debt Collection

ACA INTERNATIONAL WHITE PAPER The Role of Third-Party Debt Collection in the U.S. Economy Josh Adams, PhD, Director of Research, ACA International, Washington, DC

Introduction recovery of these outstanding debts allows them to keep costs down, maintain competitive prices in their The U.S. economy is heavily reliant on credit, and local markets, and remain financially solvent. For consumers depend on the availability of credit to access consumers, when debts have been sent to collections, a range of goods and services from health care and there is often the opportunity to negotiate the total education to automobiles and home loans. To support outstanding balance, pay a discounted price on the this credit economy, the debt collection industry serves a initial balance, or develop a payment plan with the vital role recovering outstanding debts owed to creditors collection agency as a mediator (ACA, 2014). In and service providers. As of the third quarter of 2015, 2013, third-party collection companies returned there was $12.07 trillion in outstanding consumer debt; $44.9 billion to creditors (see Figure 2). This return $672 billion of that debt is at some stage of delinquency to creditors represents an average savings of $389 (FRBNY, 2015). Creditors across a range of industries per household, as businesses were not compelled to rely on third-party debt collectors to recover these compensate for lost capital through increased prices outstanding balances. Figure 1 shows the distribution of (ACA, 2014). debt collected by third-party debt collectors by industry for 2013. If this debt is not recovered, the excess costs are passed on to consumers via higher prices for goods Figure 2. Debt Returned by Third-party Debt and services as well as through increased interest rates Collection Agencies in the U.S. in 2013 and a decreased supply of credit. Total debt Figure 1. Percentage of Debt Collected through recovered Third-Party Collections by Industry in 2013 – $55.2 Billion

Financial 81% Net debt returned Services to creditors 12.9% – $44.9 Billion Student Loan Government 25.2% 10.1% Retail: 3.1% Source: ACA International, 2014 Telecom: 3.2% Because of the distinctive nature of third-party debt Utility: 2.2% Mortgage: 2% collection, some have alleged that the industry targets Health Care low-income or economically insecure consumers. 37.9% Other: 4.7% The industry is also often the subject of consumer complaints. However, researchers have noted that the collections industry is regulated by both the Source: ACA International, 2014 Federal Trade Commission (FTC) and the Consumer Financial Protection Bureau (CFPB), and that while The recovery of delinquent debts can have benefits complaints against the industry might appear to be for both lenders and consumers. For lenders, the frequent, the debt collection industry makes in excess

← TABLE OF CONTENTS 101 Role of Third-Party Debt Collection

The Role of Third-Party Debt Collection

of one billion consumer contacts annually (Hunt, of all outstanding consumer debt is paid on time 2013) and as a proportion of the 30 million debts and in compliance with the consumers’ contractual in collections on an annual basis “a relatively small obligations (DBA International, 2014; Zywicki, 2015). number of consumers register formal complaints” The reasonably high level of consumer repayment (Zywicki, 2015, p. 15). This paper explores the role of has been partially attributed to “the perceived the debt collection industry in the U.S. economy, with effectiveness of the debt collection system in the event a particular focus on how debt collection performs of nonpayment” (Zywicki, 2015, p. 5). As such, the a complimentary function to the credit and lending debt collection industry, guided by complex laws and industries and positively influences creditor behavior. regulations, plays a pivotal role in the consumer credit Furthermore, this paper examines how the debt marketplace as an external incentive for repayment. collection industry provides support for consumers by sustaining an environment where lenders can make Figure 3. Third-party Debt Collections credit available and affordable to a wide range of in the U.S., 2003-2015 consumers. Percent Dollars 15 1,600 Percent of consumers The Role of Debt Collection 14 with collection (Left Axis) 1,500 1,400 The debt collection industry performs a unique role in 13 1,300 the marketplace. Broadly construed, the fundamental 12 1,200 role of the debt collection industry is the enforcement 11 of contracts, primarily between lenders and consumers 1,100 10 Average collection amount per 1,000 (Fedaseyeu, 2014; Zywicki, 2015). This enforcement person with collection (Right Axis) role provides a degree of security for lenders, via the 9 900 presence of a third-party recovery mechanism, and 8 800 03:Q1 04:Q1 05:Q1 06:Q1 07:Q1 08:Q1 09:Q1 10:Q1 11:Q1 12:Q1 13:Q1 14:Q1 15:Q1 allows lenders to more effectively account for risk in the marketplace. This is important to the overall credit Source: FRBNY Consumer Credit Panel/Equifax; Federal market, because the ability to assess risk is necessary for Reserve Bank of New York, 2015 lenders to profitably make loans and mitigate overall costs (Mitman, 2011; Zywicki, 2015). Debt collection companies are also uniquely positioned to recover past-due consumer debt. As Fedaseyeu (2014) describes this relationship, and specialized organizations, collection companies develop the role of debt collection more generally, as “a more efficient and effective methods of recovery than creditor protection mechanism, which complements those of lenders. Additionally, lenders might not have bankruptcy as a consumer protection mechanism” (p the capacity to devote the necessary time or resources 6). Specifically, the presence of debt collectors helps to to recovery activities. In this instance, collection offset moral hazard associated with making unsecured companies provide a service that compensates for these loans by providing lenders with a means of recovery in institutional limitations (Zywicki, 2015). Collection cases where consumers default. Indeed, the availability companies often have the advantage of being small of debt collection as recourse for defaulted accounts businesses operating in a localized environment with introduces some degree of stability into the lending first-hand knowledge of the economic conditions environment, allowing lenders to make more loans of their target consumers (Zywicki, 2015). Access while managing their own risk (Dawesy et al., 2009; to this type of specific information is integral for Livshits, 2014). successful collection because, as Hunt (2007) notes, “collectors must be able to distinguish consumers who Data from the Federal Reserve Bank of New York can’t pay from those who won’t pay even though they indicates only about 14% of consumers had debt have the resources to do so” (p. 16). Effective debt in collections in 2015 (see Figure 3). Furthermore, collection helps reduce the overall risk for lenders and prior research has found that between 90 and 95%

← TABLE OF CONTENTS 102 Role of Third-Party Debt Collection

The Role of Third-Party Debt Collection

subsequently increase the supply of unsecured credit, appliances, furniture, and vehicles or longer-term while reducing the cost of said credit for consumers purchases, such as higher education via student loans. (Zywicki, 2015). The remainder of this paper will These purchases are best conceptualized as household further examine the role of the debt collection industry investments facilitated by the availability of consumer in supporting the availability of unsecured consumer credit. Having access to credit enables consumers to credit. make these investments without being constrained by immediate cash on hand.

Consumer Credit in the U.S. Economy Similarly, Zywicki and Sarvis (2012) draw parallels The U.S. economy relies heavily on the availability between individual consumers and businesses, and accessibility of credit to consumers. As of October noting that both use available credit as a means of 2015 there were 3.5 trillion dollars in total outstanding “smooth[ing] temporary mismatches between income consumer credit (see Figure 4). Zinman (2014) notes and expenses” (p. 1). This smoothing function that in the United States, household participation becomes increasingly important when households in the leading consumer credit markets is roughly experience sudden or unexpected budgetary 70% for credit cards, 45% for mortgages, 30% for fluctuations. Medical emergencies, unforeseen auto auto loans, and 19% for student loans (p. 2). The repairs, or the necessary replacement of household availability of consumer credit is important for two key appliances can present immediate budgetary challenges reasons: credit allows consumers to purchase high-cost for consumers. The availability of consumer credit products outside the constraints of their pay-cycles and enables consumers to effectively bridge these short- it enables consumers to absorb temporary shocks to term deficits. their budgets (Durkin et al., 2015; Zywicki and Sarvis, 2012). Debt Collection and the Availability of Consumer Credit Figure 4. Total Outstanding Consumer Though it may not be readily apparent to many Credit, 2010 – Q3 2015 consumers, the debt collection industry plays an

4000 essential role in maintaining the availability of Total Outstanding 3500 consumer credit. When making loans, lenders

3000 assume the risk of consumer default. Figure 5 shows Nonrevolving the percentage of outstanding debts that are more 2500 than ninety days delinquent by primary loan type. 2000 The degree of risk informs the cost of the loan, 1500 In Billions of Dollars Revolving and when lenders are unable to reliably calculate 1000 the potential risk of a loan, that cost is distributed 500 across all consumers. Mechanisms for predicting the 0 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2014 Q3 2014 Q4 2015 Q1 2015 Q2 2015 Q3 likelihood of repayment (i.e., credit scores) inform the calculation of risk, and subsequently the cost of Source: U.S. Federal Reserve the loan, for individual consumers. This individual- http://www.federalreserve.gov/releases/g19/current/default.htm#table3 level measure does not account for the distributed risk of all other borrowers and their respective potential Research has found that “most consumer credit is for default, thus those costs are likely to be passed used to acquire consumer-oriented assets that provide on to all borrowers and increase the overall cost of their return not in the moment when they are consumer credit. However, the debt collection industry purchased or soon afterward, but rather over a longer can alleviate some of this risk, thereby reducing costs period” (Durkin et al., 2015, p. 5). These purchases for all borrowers and maintaining the availability of can include tangible products such as household consumer credit.

← TABLE OF CONTENTS 103 Role of Third-Party Debt Collection

The Role of Third-Party Debt Collection

Figure 5. Percent of Balance 90+ Days et al., 2014). Those borrowers that are considered to Delinquent by Loan Type, 2003-2015 be high-risk will, in many instances, either not qualify

Percent Percent for credit or find credit to be prohibitively expensive, 15 15 particularly if the lender cannot be satisfied that the Credit Card loan will be repaid. Yet, when there is an effective debt collection industry in place “lenders will extend credit

10 Student Loan 10 to riskier borrowers when expected recoveries after default compensate for the higher default probability” Mortgage (Fedaseyeu and Hunt, 2014, p. 27). Those same Auto Loan 5 5 high-risk borrowers might also “benefit the most if the increase in post default recoveries leads to a reduction HE Revolving in interest rates and expansion of supply to riskier 0 0 borrowers” (Zywicki, 2015, p. 51). 03:Q1 04:Q1 05:Q1 06:Q1 07:Q1 08:Q1 09:Q1 10:Q1 11:Q1 12:Q1 13:Q1 14:Q1 15:Q1

Source: FRBNY Consumer Credit Panel/Equifax; Federal Consequently, the debt collection industry grants Reserve Bank of New York, 2015 lenders the latitude to extend credit to a larger and risker population that would ordinarily be excluded from the Higher interest rates on the front end of a loan or credit market (Fedaseyeu, 2014). This can be especially a robust collection process on the back end of a beneficial for low-income consumers who, if priced out loan can be conceptualized as “substitutes for each of or excluded from the credit markets, might resort to other” (Zywicki, 2015, p. 42), each functioning to alternative forms of credit which can be costly or require compensate for loss. An effective debt collection collateral (Zywicki, 2015). Because the debt collection industry lets lenders offer lower interest rates and a industry provides a degree of security for lenders and a greater availability of credit, as it provides support for mechanism for them to mitigate losses, it facilitates a mitigating loss in the event of a default (Hunt, 2007). marketplace where credit is more available to a broader Additionally, the availability of debt collection as a range of consumers across a variety of income categories remedy for lenders allows for stronger enforcement and credit histories. of credit contracts. Fedaseyeu (2014) notes that strong enforcement of consumer credit contracts is Conclusion important as it discourages default. Subsequently, as the likelihood of defaults decreases, the willingness of The debt collection industry plays a distinctive and lenders to provide credit increases. integral role in the stability of the U.S. economy. Through the recovery of outstanding debts, the Research has found that a system with reasonably debt collection industry provides lenders with the lenient debt collection regulations and an efficient latitude to continue extending credit to consumers, debt collection industry facilitates an expanded helps businesses that provide goods or services on supply of consumer credit (Drozd and Serrano-Padial, credit remain solvent, and prevents passing the costs 2013; Fedaseyeu and Hunt, 2014) and generally of both monetary loss and risk on to consumers. lower interest rates (Zywicki, 2015). This dynamic is Furthermore, the debt collection industry makes particularly essential for consumers who are considered tangible contributions to the overall economy through high-risk, as they are more likely to be able to access the debt returned to creditors and subsequent savings affordable credit in an environment where lenders are to household consumers. able to mitigate losses through post-default collection. Without the efforts of the debt collection industry, Because credit is made available based on an much of the recovery of defaulted debts would assessment of risk and the borrower’s ability to repay, go unrealized. These losses would be passed on to it is not equally available to all consumers (Ratcliffe consumers initially through higher retail prices, as businesses work to compensate for expected losses.

← TABLE OF CONTENTS 104 Role of Third-Party Debt Collection

The Role of Third-Party Debt Collection

Similarly, as lenders become more risk averse without Federal Reserve Bank of New York Research and Statistics the safeguard of the collections industry, consumers Group, Microeconomic Studies. New York, NY. could expect increased interest rates on credit and an attendant decrease in the overall supply of credit. Hunt, Robert M. 2007. “Collecting Consumer Debt in These changes would most adversely impact lower- America.” Federal Reserve Bank of Philadelphia , Business income and high-risk consumers as they would Review (Second Quarter). bear the brunt of the increased costs for credit. This population of consumers would also be more likely to Hunt, Robert. 2013. “Understanding the Model: The use less traditional modes of credit which often have Life Cycle of a Debt.” Presented at “Life of a Debt: Data Integrity in Debt Collection.” An FTC – CFPB a higher cost than more traditional types of credit. Roundtable, June 6, 2013. As such, the collections industry provides an essential service that ultimately benefits both consumers and Livshits, Igor. 2014. “Recent Developments in creditors in the marketplace. Consumer Credit and Default Literature.”

Sources Mitman, Kurt. 2011. “Macroeconomic Effects of ACA International. 2014. “The Impact of Third- Bankruptcy and Foreclosure Policies.” Party Debt Collection on the U.S. National and State Economies in 2013.” Minneapolis: ACA International, Ratcliffe, Caroline, Signe-Mary McKernan, Brett 2014. Theodos, Emma Kalish, John Chalekian, Peifang Guo, and Christopher Trepel. 2014. Delinquent Debt in Dawsey, Amanda E., Richard M. Hynes, and Lawrence America. An Opportunity and Ownership Initiative M. Ausubel. 2009. “The Regulation of Non-Judicial Brief. Urban Institute. Debt Collection and the Consumer’s Choice among Repayment, Bankruptcy and Informal Bankruptcy.” Zinman, Jonathan. 2014. “Household Debt: Facts, Virginia Law and Economics Research Paper 2009-13. Puzzles, Theories, and Policies.” National Bureau of Economic Research. DBA International. 2014. “The Debt Buying Industry: A White Paper.” Sacramento: DBA International, 2014. Zywicki, Todd J. and Robert C. Sarvis. 2012. “The Pitfalls of Regulating Consumer Credit.” Mercatus on Drozd, Lukasz A., and Ricardo Serrano-Padial. 2013. Policy No. 116. “Modeling the Credit Card Revolution: The Role of Debt Collection and Informal Bankruptcy.” Zywicki, Todd J. 2015. “The Law and Economics of Consumer Debt Collection and Its Regulation.” Durkin, Thomas, Gregory Elliehausen, and Todd J. Mercatus Working Paper, Mercatus Center at George Mason Zywicki. 2015. “Consumer Credit and the American University. Economy: An Overview.” George Mason University Law and Economics Research Paper Series 15-34 ACA International (ACA), the association of credit Fedaseyeu, Viktar. 2013. “Debt Collection Agencies and and collection professionals, is the largest membership the Supply of Consumer Credit.” Federal Reserve Bank trade organization in the credit and collection industry. of Philadelphia. Founded in 1939, ACA advances third-party collection agencies, law firms, asset buying companies, creditors Fedaseyeu, Viktar and Robert Hunt. 2014. “The and vendor affiliates, representing tens of thousands of Economics of Debt Collection: Enforcement of industry professionals. ACA produces a wide variety of Consumer Credit Contracts.” Federal Reserve Bank of products, services and publications, including educational Philadelphia. and compliance-related information; and articulates the value of the credit and collection industry to businesses, Federal Reserve Bank of New York (FRBNY). 2015. policymakers and consumers. www.acainternational.org. “Quarterly Report on Household Debt and Credit.”

← TABLE OF CONTENTS 105 Overview of Organization Size & Employment

ACA INTERNATIONAL WHITE PAPER Small Businesses in theACA INTERNATIONAL Collection WHITE PAPER Industry: TheAn Overview Role of of Third-PartyOrganization Debt Size Collectionand Employment in the U.S. Economy

AUGUST 2016 JANUARY 2016

Josh Adams, PhD JoshDirector Adams, of Research PhD Director of Research ACA International ACA International Washington, D.C. Washington, D.C.

WWW.ACAINTERNATIONAL.ORG Operational Reference WWW.ACAINTERNATIONAL.ORG

← TABLE OF CONTENTS 106 Overview of Organization Size & Employment

ACA INTERNATIONAL WHITE PAPER Small Businesses in the Collection Industry: An Overview of Organization Size and Employment Josh Adams, PhD, Director of Research, ACA International, Washington, D.C.

Introduction industry are Texas (7,425), California (6,324), New York (5,854), Illinois (4,861), and Ohio The debt collection industry is often portrayed as (4,464). an assortment of faceless corporate organizations. However, an overwhelming proportion of the debt » The five states with the highest average collection industry is comprised of small businesses. number of employees per organization are Recent research shows that the majority of ACA Kansas (87), New Hampshire (66), Tennessee International’s member organizations fall into the (62), West Virginia (54), and Massachusetts small business category based on number of criteria, (52). The average number of employees for including employee size and total annual receipts. all members is 32; the median number of employees across all organizations is 10. ACA International (ACA), the association of credit » The Small Business Administration has set the and collection professionals, is the largest and oldest size standard at $15 million in average annual membership trade organization in the credit and receipts for debt collection agencies to qualify collection industry, representing more than 3,500 as small businesses. Based on this standard, member organizations. Founded in 1939, ACA 78% of ACA members qualify as small advocates for third-party collection agencies, law firms, businesses. Almost half of ACA members asset buying companies, creditors and vendor affiliates, (44%) indicated that between 51% - 100% of representing tens of thousands of industry professionals. their customers are also small business clients. In order to best represent the interests of member » The collection industry also employs a greater organizations, ACA has conducted research on the percentage of individuals with a disability size, scope, and benefits provided by the industry. To (7%) than are represented in the overall labor gain greater insight into the composition and size of force (3.7%). organizations in the collection industry, in the fall of 2015 ACA surveyed its members as part of the annual membership renewal process. This survey was designed, Small Businesses in the Collection in part, to ascertain how many members are either small businesses or serve small business clients. Environment The Small Business Administration (SBA) Office of Advocacy defines a small business as “an independent Executive Summary business having fewer than 500 employees.” [1] Figure 1 shows the percentage of ACA member » 48% of ACA member organizations (1,164 organizations by number of employees. Almost half companies) have fewer than nine employees. (48%) of member organizations (1,164 companies) Additionally, 86% of members (2,080 have fewer than nine employees. Furthermore, 86% companies) have 49 or fewer employees and of members (2,080 companies) have 49 or fewer 93% of members (2,257 companies) have 99 employees and 93% of members (2,257 companies) or fewer employees. have 99 or fewer employees. By way of comparison, » The top five states that employ the largest only 0.5% of ACA members reported having in number of individuals in the collection excess of 500 employees.

← TABLE OF CONTENTS 107 Overview of Organization Size & Employment

Small Businesses in the Collection Industry

Figure 1: Percentage of Organizations ACA has members in every state throughout the U.S. by Reported Number of Employees Table 1 shows the number of member organizations in each state as well as the total number of individuals employed by those organizations and the average number of employees per organization. The top five 21% states with the most collection agencies are California (213), Texas (163), New York (160), Florida (109), 17% and Illinois (107). Several of those states also employ the largest number of individuals in the collection 7% 48% industry including Texas (7,425), California (6,324), 4% New York (5,854), Illinois (4,861), and Ohio (4,464). Table 1 also indicates the average number of employees 2% per organization in each state. The five states with the 1% highest average number of employees per organization Fewer then 9 employees 100 to 249 employees are Kansas (87), New Hampshire (66), Tennessee (62), West Virginia (54), and Massachusetts (52). 10 to 19 employees 250 to 499 employees The average number of employees for all members 20 to 49 employees 500 or more employees is 32; the median number of employees across all 50 to 99 employees Source: ACA International; N=2,420 organizations is 10.

Table 1. Number of Organizations, Total Employees, and Average Number of Employees per Organization by State.

State Number of Organizations* Total Number of Employees** Average Number of Employees Per Organization***

AL 28 502 18 AK 7 84 12 AZ 65 1,729 27 AR 26 525 20 CA 213 6,324 30 CO 55 1,719 31 CT 19 214 11 DE 12 257 21 DC 3 45 15 FL 109 3,678 34 GA 93 2131 23 HI 15 189 13 ID 23 158 7 IL 107 4,861 45 IN 70 1,378 20

* Highlighted columns indicate states with the largest number of organizations. ** Highlighted columns indicate states with the largest number of employees across all organizations. *** Highlighted columns indicate states with the largest average number of employees per organization.

← TABLE OF CONTENTS 108 Overview of Organization Size & Employment

Small Businesses in the Collection Industry

State Number of Organizations* Total Number of Employees** Average Number of Employees Per Organization***

IA 20 933 47 KS 38 3,293 87 KY 27 1,030 38 LA 33 428 13 ME 5 88 18 MD 37 528 14 MA 34 1,754 52 MI 72 1,160 16 MN 75 2,898 39 MS 26 506 19 MO 64 1,895 30 MT 26 247 10 NE 26 559 22 NV 35 502 14 NH 12 797 66 NJ 73 2,013 28 NM 4 40 10 NY 160 5,854 37 NC 40 867 22 ND 13 126 10 OH 92 4,464 49 OK 31 1,019 33 OR 64 1,215 19 PA 78 1,939 25 RI 1 4 4 SC 22 1,004 46 SD 23 446 19 TN 56 3,472 62 TX 163 7,425 46 UT 19 448 24 VT 1 8 8 VA 45 1,226 27 WA 86 2,064 24 WV 9 482 54 WI 54 2,178 40 WY 11 140 13

Source: ACA International; N=2,420 * Highlighted columns indicate states with the largest number of organizations. ** Highlighted columns indicate states with the largest number of employees across all organizations. *** Highlighted columns indicate states with the largest average number of employees per organization.

← TABLE OF CONTENTS 109 Overview of Organization Size & Employment

Small Businesses in the Collection Industry

Rather than establishing size standards in number of Figure 3. Percentage of Member Responses employees for debt collection agencies, the SBA has to the Question “What percentage of your set the size standard at $15 million in average annual business serves small business clients?” receipts. [2] As such, member organizations were asked to indicate whether their business has less than $15 million in average annual receipts. Based on the responses to this question and the SBA criterion for debt collectors, 78% of ACA members qualify as small 25% 0-50% businesses (see Figure 2). 56% 51-75% 76-100% Figure 2: Percentage of Organizations Responding 19% “Yes” to the Question “Does your business have less than $15 million in average annual receipts?”

Source: ACA International; N=1,209 22%

No Beyond providing services to small businesses in Yes local communities, the debt collection industry also 78% offers employment for a large and diverse workforce. According to prior research on the demographics of the collection industry, ACA found that although women compose roughly 47% of the overall workforce in the U.S., the collection industry is overwhelmingly female, with women making up 70% of the total Source: ACA International; N=1,236 debt collection workforce. [3] Figure 4 shows the educational attainment of individuals in the Bill and Data collected by ACA suggests that members are not Account Collection industry by gender. The largest only part of the small business community, but also proportion of individuals employed in the collection provide an essential service for small business clients. industry, particularly women, has either some college Member organizations were asked what percentage of or an associate degree or a high school diploma or their business serves small business clients. Almost half equivalent. This is reflective of the broader population, of the respondents (44%) indicated that between 51% where 58.9% of the population aged 25 or older has [4] - 100% of their customers are small business clients “some college or more.” Data indicate that 72% of (see Figure 3). As such, not only are the majority of men and 63% of women in the collection industry ACA members small businesses, but they also provide have some college or more (Figure 4). Having a labor an important service to small businesses to help them force that is reflective of the population it serves remain viable and competitive in the marketplace. enables debt collection agencies to provide a greater level of customer service for clients and consumers.

← TABLE OF CONTENTS 110 Overview of Organization Size & Employment

Small Businesses in the Collection Industry

Figure 4. Educational Attainment in the Bill and Figure 5. Employees in the Bill and Account Account Collection Industry by Gender, 2006-2010. Collection Industry with a Disability, 2008-2010.

Male 7% 4% High school graduate 19% (including equivalency) 29% No disability Some college or associate degree With a disability Bachelor’s degree 49% Graduate or 93% professional degree

Source: U.S. Census Bureau. [7] Female 2% The collection industry is a diverse field, employing 11% High school graduate individuals across a broad range of sociodemographic (including equivalency) groups. The vast majority of these individuals are also 37% Some college or employed by small businesses working in their local associate degree communities. These small businesses are an important 50% Bachelor’s degree part of local economies, creating employment Graduate or opportunities, generating tax revenue, and providing professional degree services for other area businesses.

Source: U.S. Census Bureau [5]

The collection industry also employs a greater percentage of individuals with a disability than are represented in the overall labor force. As of 2013, the civilian labor force participation rate of individuals with a disability was 20.3% (representing 20% of the roughly 28.6 million individuals with a disability). [6] The total civilian labor force, as of 2014, was 155,922,000. Based on this figure, individuals with a disability account for roughly 3.7% of the labor force. However, as shown in Figure 5, individuals with a Small Businesses in the Collection Industry disability represent 7% of the collection industry.

Sources:

[1] U.S. Small Business Administration. 2014. [5] U.S. Census Bureau. Detailed Census Occupation Frequently Asked Questions. by Educational Attainment (5), Sex, and Race/ Ethnicity for Worksite Geography, Total Population [2] U.S. Small Business Administration. 2016. Table Universe: Civilians employed at work 16 years and ©of Small2016 ACABusiness International Size Standards Matched to Northwww .acainternational.orgover; EEO Tabulation 2006-2010 (5-year ACS data) 6 American Industry Classification System Codes. [6] Bureau of Labor Statistics. 2014. Persons with a [3] ACA International. 2016. Diversity in the Collections Disability: Labor Force Characteristics News Release. Industry: An Overview of the Collections Workforce. [7] U.S. Census Bureau. Disability Employment 1. Detailed Census Occupation by Disability Status, Operational Reference [4] Ryan, Camille and Kurt Bauman. 2016. Sex, and Race/Ethnicity, Total Population Universe: “Educational Attainment in the United States: 2015.” Civilian labor force 16 years and over; DOL Disability U.S. Census Bureau. Employment Tabulation 2008-2010 (3-year ACS data).

← TABLE OF CONTENTS 111