Double concept

Mercedes vs

LAB University of Applied Sciences Vehicle Design Spring 2020 Samer Hammami ABSTRACT

In this project, I compared the production of two major car manufacturers, tried to analyze their style and design strategy to learn and utilize experiences that have proven effective in a difficult and tough field. Based on this comparison, I designed a supercar model and added modulation by dividing it into two models, each containing the DNA of the company they represent.

LAB University of Applied Sciences Institute of Design Vehicle Design Double concept, Mercedes vs Ferrari Graduation project Spring 2020 Samer Hammami

Keywords: Mercedes, Ferrari, Vehicle design, Car concept, Supercar design, Double concept. TIIVISTELMÄ

Tässä projektissa vertailin kahden merkittävän autonvalmistajan tuotantoa, yrittäen analysoida heidän tyyliänsä ja suunnittelustrategiaansa oppiakseni ja hyödyntääkseni kokemuksia, jotka ovat osoittautuneet tehokkaiksi vaikealla ja kovalla alalla. Tämän vertailun perusteella suunnittelin superautomallin ja lisäsin modulaatiota jakamalla sen kahteen malliin, joista kukin sisältää edustamansa yrityksen DNA:-n.

LAB ammattikorkeakoulu Muotoiluinstituutti Ajoneuvomuotoilu Tuplakonsepti, Mercedes vs Ferrari Opinnäytetyö AMK Kevät 2020 Samer Hammami

Avainsanat: Mercedes, Ferrari, Ajoneuvojen muotoilu, Auto Konsepti, Superautojen suunnittelu, Tupla Konsepti 1. INTRODUCTION 4. TESTING

DISPOSITION 1.1 Why Mercedes and Ferrari 4.1 Measurements 1.2 Thoughts about supercar 4.2 Driver status analysis 1.3 Objective 4.3 Cameras reality simulation

2. RESEARCH 5. RESULT

2.1 History Overview 5.1 Final design 2.2 Going deeper 2.3 Design lines analysis 6. EVALUATION 2.4 Futuristic design lines 2.5 Design technology

3. PROSSES AND METHODS

3.1 Design ideation 3.2 Concept development 3.3 3D model 3.4 3D printing 3.5 Clay model SOURCES 1. INTRODUCTION 1.1 Why Mercedes and Ferrari

Ferrari and Mercedes are two of the oldest car manufacturers in the world, and they have many models that will help me enrich this project easily. The idea of ​​comparing a strong company designing and manufacturing every kind of car to a supercar company, a legend in its field, offers two different perspectives on design.

P.S. (My comparison focuses on supercars). 1.2 Thoughts about supercar

Our first thought about a car is that it is the machine we use to move from “In 1954 the firm returned to Grand Prix racing when the new 2.5- liter formula began. The company produced the W196 and it was one place to another. But the significance of supercars for everyone dominant in Formula 1 in 1955, Juan-Manuel Fangio winning the involved, whether a designer, manufacturer or even a customer, is not like World Championship. In the middle of the year, however, the that at all. It is a machine that we develop to show our strength and company's involvement in the Le Mans disaster led Mercedes-Benz power. To do that, a new supercar model must have something new: to withdraw from competition again” (grandprix 2020). engine, speed, design, new safety technology or all of these together to prove that it is unique. During the manufacturing process, manufacturers focus on new technology and strong industry demonstration. They don't care about the cost or how they can reduce it. Also, most of the supercar- manufacturers participate in car racing such as Formula One, and each company has its own story of success or failure. “Ferrari’s original mission was to simply build race cars. The street cars were only there to “finance” the racing division. Over time, the street cars began to take on their own identity and importance and eventually overshadow the race cars for recognizability. Now, it would be hard for many to reconcile a world without Ferrari street cars” (quora 2017.06.21). 1.3 Objective

Delving into the designs of the two companies until they become the visual feeder and main catalyst for my ideas. Exploring the DNA of the design, trying to create designs that rise to the level of the two innovative companies. 2. RESEARCH 2.1 History Overview

Mercedes returned to Formula 1 in 2008.

Buses Automobiles Trucks Luxury vehicles 6 Supercars

Picture 1. Karl Benz and Gottlieb Daimler times

Picture 3. Mercedes logo history founders Logo history F1Constructors’ World titles Products

times 16 Supercars

Picture 2. Picture 4. Ferrari logo history ”The 1886 Benz patent motor car: the world’s first car. If truth be told, before this date there had already been “auto-mobiles” powered by steam or electricity. But not only did Karl Benz hit upon the brilliant idea of using an internal combustion engine as the drive system for a “self-mover”; he was also the first to have the tenacity to secure success for the invention. On 29 January 1886 he presented his stroke of genius at the Imperial Patent Office – the car was born” (Mercedes-benz 2020).

Picture 6. March 12 1947: Enzo Ferrari at the wheel of the 125 S during its first road test

”Ferrari story officially begins in 1947 when the first car built under the Ferrari marque, the 125 S, drove through the historic factory gates on Via Abetone Inferiore in ” (ferrari2020). Picture 5. The 1886 Benz patent motor car: the world’s first car. 2.2 Going deeper into the details

Picture 11. Mercedes-AMG One, 2020. Picture 8. Mercedes-Benz SLR McLaren, 2003. Picture 7. Mercedes-Benz CLK GTR,1998.

I chose five models for each company based on the date of manufacture to study how the design style has changed at different times, trying to find differences and similarities and some design guides between them, that might help me get started.

Picture 10. Mercedes-AMG GT, 2015. Picture 9. Mercedes-Benz SLS AMG, 2010. Picture 14. Italia, 2010. Picture 15. GTB, 2015.

The first thought I got here is that, all Ferrari rims design have a five- pointed star shape, unlike Mercedes which has gone through many changes.

Picture 12. Ferrari 360 , 1999. Picture 13. Enzo Ferrari, 2002. Picture 16. , 2020. 2.3 Design lines analysis

Mirrors were replaced The sides of the car have Manly and full in a rare place. sharp corners and nozzles. of details as The car body is well as spoiler. very wide.

Picture 18. Mercedes-Benz CLK GTR, 1998 Picture 20. Mercedes-Benz CLK GTR, 1998 Picture 22. Mercedes-Benz CLK GTR, 1998

Air inlet ice

Finding the details will enrich my Unusual straight ascent imagination and help me improve my ideas, even silly details could help.

Picture 17. Ferrari 360 Modena, 1999 Picture 19. Ferrari 360 Modena, 1999 Picture 21. Ferrari 360 modena, 1999

Four lights. The body is simple and smooth with some sharp The Ferrari hood is lower than the Mercedes hood. edges. So far, there is no “The Enzo’s front correlation between section was inspired the company’s own both in terms of its form styles, on the contrary, and function by the Picture 29. Mercedes-Benz SLS AMG, 2010. the two companies Formula 1 car’s nose Picture 28. Ferrari 458 Italia,2010. have almost cone while its completely changed composite flanks were Picture 27. Mercedes-Benz CLK GTR,1998. their design style from sculpted to channel air sharp to smooth, and flows for superb internal vice versa. fluid-dynamics” (Ferrari 2020). Picture 30. Ferrari 458 Italia, 2010.

Picture 26. Mercedes-Benz SLR McLaren, 2003. New key lines and stunning shoulder sculpture, also the edges

Picture 25. Ferrari 360 Modena 1999. treated sharply.

Picture 23. Enzo Ferrari, 2002. Perhaps it took the shape of a bullet with some shark gills on its side. Minor changes to the new Mercedes model with the same basic features. The hood is still higher than the Ferrari hood, and headlights reduced from four to two. Ferrari has In a way, both also returned to its beautiful cars have the style with a soft body and new

same nose. Picture 24. Mercedes-Benz SLR McLaren, 2003. feminine angry eyes. For the second time in a row, the Both cars also have development process seems to depend on the same air inlet ice. the previous planning of both companies.

Picture 40. Mercedes-Benz CLK GTR,1998.

The edges are extremely sharp on Ferrari models.

Picture 37. Mercedes-AMG One, 2020. We can see the same main lines as in the previous design. Picture 39. Mercedes-AMG One, 2020. The air gap is treated in a new way. Picture 38. Ferrari Roma, 2020. Picture 35. Ferrari 458 Italia, 2010. I think it's

closer to the Picture 36. Ferrari Roma, 2020. dog's face now. Picture 33. Ferrari 488 GTB, 2015. Picture 34. Mercedes-AMG GT, 2015. New style, with feminine dreamy eyes, without any wild expressions.

Picture 31. Ferrari 488 GTB,2015. Picture 32. Mercedes-AMG GT, 2015. Picture 54. Ferrari 488 GTB,2015. Picture 53. Ferrari 458 Italia,2010.

Signs of femininity in Ferrari cars, also red is Ferrari's favorite color.

Picture 51. Ferrari Roma, 2020. Picture 52. Beauty tips by ella. Research result so far:

Smooth or sharp muscles and the appearance of a beast are common in both companies. Picture 32. Mercedes-AMG GT, 2015. Picture 46. Mercedes-AMG One, 2020. Although both companies have at some point shifted from design to design without any similarities, even though both companies generally develop Picture 49. Mercedes-Benz SLS AMG, 2010. their designs based on the previous design with enhancements and modifications to achieve a modern and Picture 48. Mercedes-AMG GT, 2015. new look.

Mercedes always emphasizes masculine appearance in its models. Picture 45. Mercedes-AMG One, 2020.

Ferrari often emphasizes feminine appearance in its models. Picture 44. Ferrari 488 GTB,2015. Picture 47. Mercedes-Benz SLR McLaren, 2003.

Mercedes hoods are usually higher than Ferrari hoods. Picture 43. Ferrari 488 GTB,2015. I could say that Ferrari sticks more to its DNA than Mercedes.

Picture 41. Ferrari 458 Italia,2010. Picture 42. Ferrari 458 Italia,2010. 2.4 Futuristic design lines

Vision Gran Turismo

As can be seen here, Mercedes has not changed much in its design style in this futuristic model. The monster's appearance still gives the car prestige as its muscles began to stand out from their design to express themselves.

I tried to find models that Ferrari designed Picture 57. Mercedes-Benz AMG Vision Gran Turismo. for the future, but I couldn't. So, in this section I'm going to explore only Mercedes models. Picture 58. Mercedes-Benz AMG Vision Gran Turismo.

.

The rear of the car appears to have been designed without a trunk.

Picture 56. Mercedes-Benz AMG Vision Gran Turismo.

Picture 55. Mercedes-Benz AMG Vision Gran Turismo. Vision EQ Silver Arrow Be careful, it's ready to eat you. Mercedes continues to insist on showing Anger is manifested the wild side of its Picture 68. Vision avtr in the illumination concept. of the eyes. Picture 64. How To Train Your Dragon Picture 65. Vision avtr For some reason this car Picture 62. Vision EQ Silver Arrow reminds me of this cartoon TV Little Fang here series (How to train your dragon). and obvious angry expression.

Unique wheel design In my opinion, it is the first model where the eyes of

Picture 63. How To Train Your Dragon a car come on wheels instead of

Picture 61. Vision EQ Silver Arrow New Design Methods with Light headlights. Picture 66. Vision avtr.

Picture 59. Vision EQ Silver Arrow

What I learned from these future concepts.

I could deduce from these Picture 67. Vision avtr models that it is the same design strategy, but with VISION AVTR –inspired by fewer restrictions. Picture 60. Vision EQ Silver Arrow AVATAR. 2.5 Design technology. Structure

Honeycomb style We still use welding in the supercars industry. 3D printers have proven to be effective. Why don't we use them? Here I tried to find a design model that supports this theory, I found the honeycomb structure may be the solution for me.

We could close the hexagon to form a surface and extrude the edges to form columns of varying thickness and length.

The geometric shape structure can be controlled simply by reducing or increasing the diameters of the various hexagonal shapes to obtain a torsional shape. Picture 69. Beeswax from cameroon. Materials

Most supercars are made of carbon fibers because of their light weight and high strength. Manufacturers have been unable to recycle these raw materials efficiently and at reasonable prices. Honeycomb 3D printing format allows us to add strength and lightness to replace carbon fiber effectively.

Aluminium

Why aluminium

Strong Available in abundance. Easy recycle.

Picture 70. Joris Laarman Lab Creates 3D Printed Aluminium Chair,2016. Engine

I chose this incredible engine. used in the Mercedes-AMG Project ONE .

Picture 72. Mercedes-AMG Project ONE engine .

Why did I choose it?

“One turbo engine and four electric motors. The high-performance plug-in hybrid drive system of the Mercedes-AMG Project ONE comes directly from Formula 1, and was realised in close cooperation with the motorsport experts of Mercedes-AMG High Performance Powertrains in Brixworth. It consists of a highly integrated and intelligently networked unit comprising one hybrid, turbocharged combustion engine with a total of four electric motors. One has been integrated into the turbocharger, another has been installed directly on the combustion engine with a link to the crankcase and the two remaining motors drive the front wheels.” (Mercedes-benz 2020).

Picture 71. Mercedes-AMG Project ONE engine . Mirror

Camera location

During my design process, my supervisor Petteri Venetjoki told me why traditional mirrors should be used and why we can't replace them with digital cameras. Since I couldn't find Picture 73. Camera mirror of Audi Tron. any ideas from Mercedes or Ferrari, I looked at other companies and I like these two interesting ideas:

Picture 74. ASTON MARTIN LAGONDA - AM-RB 003.

Picture 72. Camera mirror of Audi Tron. 3. PROSSES AND METHODS 3.1 Design ideation

Main lines sketching The sketching began to define the main lines. Using digital tools in Old, no way the first step saves me time and helps me to add multiple drawings by create many ideas from one sketch. Satisfied with these key-lines

Idea development After choosing the main lines, I need to focus on the whole model so that I can add details and develop concepts. 3.2 Concept development

3.3 3D model When I started modeling this project, I was confused whether I wanted to use SolidWorks or Blender. I have a good experience with SolidWorks, but Blender was completely new to me. I knew that learning a new program will enrich my experience. So, I decided to start this project with Blender, and luckily Blender was very interesting and easy to learn. While studying Blender on YouTube, I encountered some difficulties in modeling cars because there were no real 7 professional car design courses. I was a little disappointed. but practicing SolidWorks helped me find the right way.

I started with the key lines, and then went into the details.

1 3 5 8

2 4 6 9 To start the Mercedes-concept modeling, I used the same 3D model, which I have done, and I modified it by adding Mercedes DNA. 6

5

1 2 3 4 At this point I have been asked if the car's rear windows can be made in this form, and if I can prove it. So, I did a quick research on it and found these projects that have the same similarities.

Picture 76. Bent glass Picture 76. Bent glass

In addition, we can use polymethyl methacrylate in car rear windows, which are already used in some police cars. 3.4 3D printing

I prepared the two cars for 3D printing, but unfortunately Coronavirus was an obstacle to this process.

these values ​​are the most important details for successful 3D printing.

Picture 77. Coronavirus 4. TESTING 4.1 Measurements 4.2 Driver status analysis

I made sure the driver had a comfortable seat. 4.3 Cameras reality simulation

Made placing the camera in the right place to simulate real-time images and setting the distance between the two cars to five meters.

The second car runs perfectly straight behind the main car.

The cameras

Five meters

The camera

As can be seen here, this part of the main car will appear in the camera mirror with the second car which is five meters away. 5. RESULT 5.1 Final design

Background picture 79: Pixabay-silta-luonto

6. EVALUATION Process, Methods and Result

I studied for two years as a furniture designer and then changed my specialty to vehicle design. I could say I didn't know anything about supercar models. But I like the challenge and that's why I decided to make two concepts. The information that I have acquired through this project, especially in the research sector is the highest value, I was looking for. Learning Blender was a good decision and I enjoyed every step of the project. This project helps me feel confident, even though I know that I still need a lot of experience and skills. SOURCES pictures

Picture 1. Karl Benz and Gottieb Daimier [referred to 23.12.2019]. Available: http://www.mercedes-benz-nc.com/founders.html Picture 2. 1920. Enzo Ferrari Targa Florio in which he finished 2nd overall [referred to 23.12.2019]. Available: https://corporate.ferrari.com/en/about-us/history Picture 3. Mercedes logo hisrory [referred to 23.11.2019]. Available: https://web.archive.org/web/20160215231218/http://www.emercedesbenz.com/autos/mercedes-benz/classic/the-true-story-behind-the-mercedes-benz-three-pointed-star/attachment/mercedes-benz-history-a2000f5617/#gallery Picture 4. Ferrari logo hisrory [referred to 23.12.2019]. Available: https://turbologo.com/articles/ferrari-logo/ Picture 5. The 1886 Benz patent motor car: the world’s first car [referred to 23.12.2019]. Available: https://www.mercedes-benz.com.au/passengercars/the-brand/history-and-legend/innovation.module.html Picture 6. Ferrai 125 S March 12.1974 [referred to 23.12.2019]. Available: https://corporate.ferrari.com/en/about-us/history Picture 7. Mercedes-Benz CLK GTR [referred to 06.01.2020]. Available: http://www.choimohinh.net/2012/07/mercedes-benz-clk-gtr-street-version.html Picture 8. Mercedes-Benz SLR McLaren [referred to 06.01.2020]. Available: https://www.netcarshow.com/mercedes-benz/2004-slr_mclaren/1600x1200/wallpaper_54.htm Picture 9. Mercedes-Benz SLS AMG [referred to 06.01.2020]. Available: https://www.caricos.com/cars/m/mercedes-benz/2010_mercedes-benz_sls_amg/images/74.html Picture 10. Mercedes-AMG GT [referred to 06.01.2020]. Available: https://www.loebermotors.com/blog/new-mercedes-amg-gt-revealed/ Picture 11. Mercedes-AMG One [referred to 06.01.2020]. Available: https://www.mercedes-benz.com/en/vehicles/passenger-cars/mercedes-benz-concept-cars/mercedes-amg-project-one-the-beauty-and-the-beast/ Picture 12. Ferrari 360 Modena [referred to 06.01.2020]. Available: https://www.evo.co.uk/ferrari/360/13398/a-z-supercars-ferrari-360-modenachallenge-stradale Picture 13. Enzo Ferrari [referred to 06.01.2020]. Available: www.driversmagazine.com/photos/2003-ferrari-enzo/18/ Picture 14. Ferrari 458 italia [referred to 06.01.2020]. Available: https://wallpaperstock.net/ferrari-458-italia-side_wallpapers_16637_1920x1080_1.html Picture 15. Ferrari 488 [referred to 06.01.2020]. Available: http://www.areamotori.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/09/Ferrari-488-GTB-2015-Side.jpg Picture 16. Ferrari Roma [referred to 06.01.2020]. Available: https://www.netcarshow.com/ferrari/2020-roma/800x600/wallpaper_0c.htm Picture 17,19. Ferrari 360 Modena [referred to 30.12.2019]. Available: https://www.topspeed.com/cars/ferrari/1999-2004-ferrari-360-modena-ar1417.html Picture 18,20. Mercedes-Benz CLK GTR[referred to 30.12.2019]. Available: https://www.supercars.net/blog/1998-mercedes-benz-clk-gtr-strasenversion/ Picture 21. Ferrari 360 Modena [referred to 06.01.2020]. Available: https: https://cartuning.ws/ferrari/360/462-tuning-ferrari-360.html Picture 22. Mercedes-Benz CLK GTR [referred to 05.01.2020]. Available: http://www.designmoteur.com/2016/04/road-trip-photo-supercars-allemagne/ Picture 23. Enzo Ferrari [referred to 30.12.2019]. Availabe: https://www.supercars.net/blog/2002%E2%86%922005-ferrari-enzo/ Picture 24. Mercedes-Benz SLR McLaren[referred to 30.12.2019]. Available: https://www.supercars.net/blog/2003%E2%86%922009-mercedes-benz-slr-mclaren/ Picture 25. Ferrari 360 Modena. [referred to 09.01.2020]. Available: https://cdn.barrett-jackson.com/staging/carlist/items/Fullsize/Cars/198574/198574_Side_Profile_Web.jpg Picture 26. Mercedes-Benz SLR McLaren [referred to 06.01.2020]. Available: https://www.netcarshow.com/mercedes-benz/2004-slr_mclaren/1600x1200/wallpaper_54.htm Picture 27. Mercedes-Benz CLK GTR [referred to 06.01.2020]. Available: http://www.choimohinh.net/2012/07/mercedes-benz-clk-gtr-street-version.html Picture 28. Ferrari 458 italia [referred to 30.12.2019]. Available: https://www.supercars.net/blog/2010-ferrari-458-italia/ Picture 29. Mercedes-Benz SLS AMG[referred to 30.12.2019]. Available: https://www.supercars.net/blog/2010-mercedes-benz-sls-amg/ Picture 30. Ferrari 458 italia [referred to 30.12.2019]. Available: https://wallpaperstock.net/ferrari-458-italia-top_wallpapers_16639_1920x1080_1.html Picture 31. Ferrari 488 GTB [referred to 30.12.2019]. Available: https://www.supercars.net/blog/2015-ferrari-488-gtb/ Picture 32. Mercedes-AMG GT [referred to 30.12.2019]. Available: https://www.supercars.net/blog/2015-mercedes-amg-gt-gallery/ Picture 32. Ferrari Roma [referred to 06.01.2020]. Available: https://www.netcarshow.com/ferrari/2020-roma/800x600/wallpaper_0c.htm Picture 33. Ferrari 488 [referred to 06.01.2020]. Available: http://www.areamotori.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/09/Ferrari-488-GTB-2015-Side.jpg Picture 34. Mercedes-AMG GT [referred to 06.01.2020]. Available: https://www.loebermotors.com/blog/new-mercedes-amg-gt-revealed/ Picture 35. Ferrari 458 italia [referred to 06.01.2020]. Available: https://wallpaperstock.net/ferrari-458-italia-side_wallpapers_16637_1920x1080_1.html Picture 36. Ferrari Roma [referred to 30.12.2019]. Available: https://www.supercars.net/blog/here-are-the-details-of-the-ferrari-roma/ Picture 37. Mercedes-AMG One [referred to 06.01.2020]. Available: https://www.mercedes-benz.com/en/vehicles/passenger-cars/mercedes-benz-concept-cars/mercedes-amg-project-one-the-beauty-and-the-beast/ Picture 38. Ferrari Roma [referred to 06.01.2020]. Available: https://www.netcarshow.com/ferrari/2020-roma/800x600/wallpaper_0c.htm Picture 39. Mercedes-AMG One [referred to 06.01.2020]. Available: https://www.mercedes-benz.com/en/vehicles/passenger-cars/mercedes-benz-concept-cars/mercedes-amg-project-one-the-beauty-and-the-beast/ Picture 40. Mercedes-Benz CLK GTR [referred to 06.01.2020]. Available: http://www.choimohinh.net/2012/07/mercedes-benz-clk-gtr-street-version.html Picture 41, 42. Ferrari 458 italia [referred to 06.01.2020]. Available: https://wallpaperstock.net/ferrari-458-italia-side_wallpapers_16637_1920x1080_1.html Picture 43, 44. Ferrari 488 [referred to 06.01.2020]. Available: http://www.areamotori.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/09/Ferrari-488-GTB-2015-Side.jpg Picture 45, 46. Mercedes-AMG One [referred to 06.01.2020]. Available: https://www.mercedes-benz.com/en/vehicles/passenger-cars/mercedes-benz-concept-cars/mercedes-amg-project-one-the-beauty-and-the-beast/ Picture 47. Mercedes-Benz SLR McLaren [referred to 06.01.2020]. Available: https://www.netcarshow.com/mercedes-benz/2004-slr_mclaren/1600x1200/wallpaper_54.htm Picture 48. Mercedes-AMG GT [referred to 06.01.2020]. Available: https://www.loebermotors.com/blog/new-mercedes-amg-gt-revealed/ Picture 49. Mercedes-Benz SLS AMG[referred to 30.12.2019]. Available: https://www.supercars.net/blog/2010-mercedes-benz-sls-amg/ Picture 50. Mercedes-AMG GT [referred to 30.12.2019]. Available: https://www.supercars.net/blog/2015-mercedes-amg-gt-gallery/ Picture 51. Ferrari Roma [referred to 30.12.2019]. Available: https://www.supercars.net/blog/here-are-the-details-of-the-ferrari-roma/ Picture 52. Beauty tips by ella. [referred to 08.01.2020]. Available: https://ve.emedemujer.com/bienestar/belleza/5-delineados-para-tus-ojos/ Picture 53. Ferrari 458 italia [referred to 30.12.2019]. Available: https://www.supercars.net/blog/2010-ferrari-458-italia/ Picture 54. Ferrari 488 GTB [referred to 30.12.2019]. Available: https://www.supercars.net/blog/2015-ferrari-488-gtb/ Picture 55, 56, 57. Mercedes-Benz AMG Vision Gran Turismo [referred to 08.01.2020]. Available: https://www.mercedes-benz.com/en/vehicles/passenger-cars/mercedes-benz-concept-cars/mercedes-amg-vision-gt/ Picture 58. Mercedes-Benz AMG Vision Gran Turismo [referred to 08.01.2020]. Available: https://www.caricos.com/cars/m/mercedes-benz/2013_mercedes-benz_amg_vision_gran_turismo_concept/1920x1080/9.html Picture 59, 60,61, 62. [referred to 10.01.2020]. Available: https://www.mercedes-benz.com/en/eq/concept-cars/vision-eq-silver-arrow-world-premiere-monterey-car-week-2018/ Picture 63, 64. How To Train Your Dragon [referred to 10.01.2020]. Available: http://infoupdate.org/how-to-train-your-dragon-wallpaper-hd/ Picture 65, 66, 67, 68. VISION AVTR [referred to 10.01.2020]. Available: https://www.mercedes-benz.com/en/vehicles/passenger-cars/mercedes-benz-concept-cars/vision-avtr/ Picture 69. Beeswax from cameroon [referred to 10.01.2020]. Available: https://www.thebodyshop.com/en-gb/ingredient/beeswax Picture 70. Joris Laarman Lab Creates 3D Printed Aluminium Chair,2016 [referred to 10.01.2020]. Available: https://www.3printr.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/03/allumnium-gradient_chair_joris_laarman_lab5.jpg Picture 71, 72. Mercedes-AMG Project ONE engine [referred to 11.01.2020]. Available: https://www.roadscribe.com/project-one-what-it-is-and-why-it-matters/ Picture 73,74. Camera mirror of Audi Tron [referred to 04.02.2020]. Available: https://www.audi.fi/fi/web/fi/models/tron/audi-e-tron.html Picture 75. ASTON MARTIN LAGONDA - AM-RB 003 [referred to 04.02.2020]. Available: https://media.astonmartin.com/am-rb-003-the-third-in-the-mid-engined-family/ Picture 76. Bent glass [referred to 04.03.2020]. Available: https://www.indiamart.com/proddetail/bend-glass-4294075097.html Picture 77. Coronavirus [referred to 13.04.2020]. Available: https://www.satakunnankansa.fi/a/e79e6f01-d2fd-4265-97b7-e00107efcf8b Picture 78. Bent glass [referred to 04.03.2020]. Available: https://www.indiamart.com/proddetail/bent-glass-11871858955.html

Background picture 79. Pixabay-silta-luonto [referred to 15.03.2020]. Available: https://pixabay.com/fi/photos/silta-luonto-vaaka-puola-3099935/ TEXT

Text 1. Grandprix 2020 [referred to 18.02.2020]. Available: https://www.grandprix.com/gpe/con-merce.html Text 2. Quora2017.06.21 [referred to 30.12.2019]. Available: https://www.forbes.com/sites/quora/2017/06/21/fourteen-interesting-facts-about-ferrari-that-every-car-enthusiast-should-know/#37d43bfe41c3 Text 3. Mercedes-benz 2020 [referred to 23.12.2019]. Available: https://www.mercedes-benz.com.au/passengercars/the-brand/history-and-legend/innovation.module.html Text 4. Ferrari 2020 [referred to 23.12.2019]. Available: https://corporate.ferrari.com/en/about-us/history Text 5. Mercedes-benz 2020 [referred to 23.12.2019]. Available: https://www.mercedes-benz.com/en/vehicles/passenger-cars/mercedes-benz-concept-cars/vision-avtr/ Text 6. Mercedes-benz 2020 [referred to 11.1.2020]. Available: https://www.mercedes-benz.com/en/vehicles/mercedes-amg-project-one-formula-1-technology-for-the-road/ © Samer Hammami 2020 Thank for your time