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Zanedbávaná Fikce Hnusu Stoker's Horror Novels

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Zanedbávaná Fikce Hnusu Stoker's Horror Novels Jihočeská univerzita v Českých Budějovicích Pedagogická fakulta Katedra anglistiky Diplomová práce Stokerovy hororové romány: Zanedbávaná fikce hnusu Stoker's Horror Novels: Neglected Fiction of Revulsion Vypracoval: Bc. Vojtěch Michal Vedoucí práce: PhDr. Christopher Koy, M.A., Ph.D. České Budějovice 2020 Prohlašuji, že svoji diplomovou práci jsem vypracoval samostatně pouze s použitím pramenů a literatury uvedených v seznamu citované literatury. Prohlašuji, že v souladu s § 47b zákona č. 111/1998 Sb. v platném znění souhlasím se zveřejněním své diplomové práce, a to v nezkrácené podobě elektronickou cestou ve veřejně přístupné části databáze STAG provozované Jihočeskou univerzitou v Českých Budějovicích na jejích internetových stránkách, a to se zachováním mého autorského práva k odevzdanému textu této kvalifikační práce. Souhlasím dále s tím, aby toutéž elektronickou cestou byly v souladu s uvedeným ustanovením zákona č. 111/1998 Sb. zveřejněny posudky školitele a oponentů práce i záznam o průběhu a výsledku obhajoby kvalifikační práce. Rovněž souhlasím s porovnáním textu mé kvalifikační práce s databází kvalifikačních prací Theses.cz provozovanou Národním registrem vysokoškolských kvalifikačních prací a systémem na odhalování plagiátů. V Českých Budějovicích …………………………………….. ……………………………. Bc. Vojtěch Michal 2 Poděkování Ráda bych poděkoval vedoucímu mé diplomové práce PhDr. Christopheru Koyovi, M.A., Ph.D. za trpělivost, cenné rady, připomínky a čas, který mi při psaní mé diplomové práce věnoval. Acknowledgement I would like to thank to the supervisor of my diploma thesis PhDr. Christopher Koy, M.A., Ph.D. for his patience, valuable advice, comments and time which he dedicated to the consultations of my diploma thesis. 3 Abstract This diploma work aims to analyse the neglected novels by the Anglo-Irish writer Bram Stoker. Noted for the (melo-)dramatic Gothic texture, his fiction include Empire and Ireland as points of focus in an increasing industrial and technical world, so that Stoker has characters confront their traditional, historical, cultural and religious background with their modern lives. These struggles of the clash between modernity and tradition will be examined in neglected novels, taking into account the much-studied Dracula. To be included in the diploma work is one novel influenced by so-called Egyptomania as well as Stoker’s less known late novels written from the first decade of the 20th century. Anotace Tato diplomová práce se zaměřuje na analýzu zanedbávaných (opomíjených) románů irského autora Brama Stokera, který je známý pro svůj osobitý (melo)dramatický styl gotického žánru. Jeho fikce zahrnuje jak konfrontaci postav a jejich tradičního, historického, kulturního a náboženského původu s úskalím moderního života s rostoucím průmyslem a novou technologií, stejně tak i vztah Irska s Britským impériem. Tyto obtíže vyjádřené střetem moderního s tradičním budou analyzovány v opomíjených románech s přihlédnutím ke zdokumentovanému románu Drákula. Práce v sobě zahrnuje analýzu románu ovlivněného takzvanou „egyptománií“, jakož i Stokerovy pozdější méně známé romány napsané v prvním desetiletí 20. století. 4 Contents 1 Introduction....................................................................................................................................8 2 Bram Stoker’s Biography............................................................................................................10 2.1 Family Background and Early Life........................................................................................10 2.2 At Trinity College...................................................................................................................12 2.3 A Star’s Manager.....................................................................................................................12 2.4 The Family Life......................................................................................................................13 2.5 Bram Stoker in the 20th Century.............................................................................................14 2.6 Stoker’s Legacy......................................................................................................................14 3 Reflections in the Fiction..............................................................................................................16 4 The Jewel of Seven Stars (1903)...................................................................................................18 4.1 Introduction.............................................................................................................................18 4.2 Historical Background............................................................................................................19 4.2.1 Egypt Before the Arrival of Egyptologist.......................................................................19 4.2.2 Pre-Islamic Egypt and the Arrival of Islam....................................................................20 4.2.3 Religious Minorities Under the Rule of Islam................................................................20 4.2.4 The Ottoman Empire.......................................................................................................21 4.2.5 The Copts – Children of the Ancient...............................................................................22 4.2.6 Egyptology and The Birth of Egyptomania....................................................................24 4.2.6.1 The Egyptian Campaign..........................................................................................24 4.2.6.2 Institut d’Egypte......................................................................................................25 4.2.6.3 Dominique Vivant Denon........................................................................................26 4.2.6.4 The Rosetta Stone....................................................................................................26 4.2.6.5 Jean-François Champollion.....................................................................................28 4.2.7 Conquering the Orient.....................................................................................................29 4.2.8 British Interference in Egyptian Politics.........................................................................29 4.2.8.1 British Attempts in the First Half of the 19th Century.............................................29 4.2.8.2 The Egyptian Decline and the Suez Canal Construction.........................................31 4.2.8.3 The ‘Urabi Revolution.............................................................................................33 4.2.8.4 The British Colony..................................................................................................34 4.2.8.4.1 Economical and Political Issues......................................................................34 4.2.8.4.2 The Birth of Anti-Colonial and Nationalist Movements.................................35 4.3 Egyptian Religion...................................................................................................................36 4.3.1 Depiction and Symbolism of the Egyptian Gods............................................................37 4.3.1.1 A Crocodile..............................................................................................................37 4.3.1.2 A Cat........................................................................................................................38 4.3.1.3 The Strange Symbolism of the Egyptian Sun..........................................................39 4.3.1.4 Hathor......................................................................................................................41 4.3.1.4.1 The Myth of Hathor – Another Example of Duality........................................41 4.4 The Myths, Burial Rites, Mummies and the Afterlife............................................................43 4.4.1 Egyptian Mythology.......................................................................................................43 4.4.1.1 The Legend of Isis and Osiris..................................................................................44 4.4.1.2 The Mummification Procedure................................................................................46 4.4.1.2.1 Anubis – The God of Mummification.............................................................46 5 4.4.1.2.2 Mummification................................................................................................46 4.4.1.3 The Egyptian Image of the Afterlife........................................................................48 4.4.1.3.1 The Tribunal.....................................................................................................48 4.4.1.3.2 Life after the Life.............................................................................................49 4.4.1.4 The Concepts Behind Akh, Ba and Ka....................................................................50 4.5 Interconnection of Historical and Mythological Background with the Novel........................51 4.5.1 Why Egypt?.....................................................................................................................52 4.6 The Language Revival............................................................................................................58 4.6.1 The Gaelic League..........................................................................................................59
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