Annual Report 2018 - 19 ii BIRD CONSERVATION ANNUAL REPORT 2018-19

Contents Foreword 1 Bird Conservation Nepal 2 Acknowledgements 4 Published in 2019 by Bird Conservation Nepal, Kathmandu, Nepal Highlights 5 Organizational Capacity Enhancement Any reproduction in full or in part must mention the 7 title and credit the above-mentioned publisher as the Saving Species 13 copyright owner. Saving Sites and Habitat 19 © Text 20219 BCN, All rights reserve Ecosystem Services and Livelihood 23 Cover Photo: Common Pochard © Sanjay Tha Shrestha Back Cover Photo: Greater Racket-tailed Drongo Awareness and Publications 27 © Utsab Jung Thapa Financial Updates 33 Design & Printed by: Membership Updates 35 Print Communication, 4241355, 4244148 Annexes 36 Birds in Jagdishpur Ramsar Site © Chungba Sherpa iv BIRD CONSERVATION NEPAL ANNUAL REPORT 2018-19

Acronyms

BCN Bird Conservation Nepal CF Community Forest CISU Civil Society in Development CR Country Representative CEO Chief Executive Officer DFZ Diclofenac Free Zone DG Director General DNPWC Department of National Parks and Wildlife Conservation DoFSC Department of Forests and Soil Conservation DOF Dansk Ornitologisk Forening GoN Government of Nepal IUCN International Union for Conservation of Nature IBAs Important Bird and Biodiversity Areas ICS Improved Cooking Stoves IVAD International Vulture Awareness Day KBAs Key Biodiversity Areas LCG Local Conservation Group LBM Local-based Monitoring MoFE Ministry of Forests and Environment NBCN Nepal Bird Conservation Network NGO Non-governmental Organization NPVLA Nepal Para-veterinary and Livestock Association NTNC National Trust for Nature Conservation NSAIDs Non-steroidal Anti Inflammatory Drugs RCF Ranibari Community Forest SBV Slender-billed Vulture TU Tribhuvan University VSFS Vulture Safe Feeding Site VSZ Vulture Safe Zone

WWF World Wildlife Fund Rijal Narayan WRV White-rumped Vulture © ZSL Zoological Society of London Red-headed Trogon Red-headed Trogon BIRD CONSERVATION NEPAL 1 ANNUAL REPORT 2018-19

Foreword

As a scientific organization, our and grant in place, the LCGs are now rigorous research and conservation armed with skills and information to work on critically endangered vultures deal with nature conservation in the has provided tangible, measurable Important Bird and Biodiversity Areas proof that conservation makes a (IBAs). Over 40 representatives from 25 difference with now slightly recovering IBAs congregated in Bardia this year to population and positive result on formulate a conservation plan for the tracking of 31 captive released White next year to protect Nepal’s threatened rumped Vultures fitted with satellite bird species. The Ranibari Bird and tags. Also, the tracking of 30 wild Biodiversity Learning Centre geared vultures fitted with satellite tags is towards connecting school students adding new information to science. and nature lovers to take impactful Our strong advocacy has delivered the steps towards benefitting nature in the Pheasant Conservation Action Plan for growing urbanization engaged around Nepal (2019-2023) this year and action 3000 individuals in various activities. plan for few other species coming up soon. Climate change as an emerging Our unique sense of collaboration and increasing threat to migratory and ability to demonstrate impact at birds, BCN has joined hands with national and local levels would not Rajendra Gurung President other BirdLife partners in the Central have been possible without support and South Asia region for strong co- from government line agencies, operation and collaboration to engage especially Ministry of Forest and with the Central Asian Flyway (CAF) Environment, Department of National and implement the Action of plans of Parks and Wildlife Conservation, regional, national and flyway levels and Department of Forest and Soil strongly showcasing CAF Initiative in Conservation, National Parks and the 2020 Convention on Conservation Wildlife Reserve Offices, Department of Migratory Species (CMS) and of Drug Administration, Department Conference of parties (COP) 13 in India. of Livestock Services and District We have also joined the Global Bird Livestock Offices along with other Rescue team from this year to map bird conservation partners. collision which is increasing threat in rapid urbanization and infrastructure We would like to express our deep development. appreciation for the generous support from our patrons, advisors, members, Ishana Thapa Our focus on local engagement has volunteers, staffs and partners, whose CEO become stronger with growing Local commitment and interest in birds and Conservation Group (LCG) members conservation contributes enormously of Nepal Bird Conservation Network to BCN’s progress and achievements. (NBCN) and presence in all seven provinces now. With a LCG strategy Thank you! 2 BIRD CONSERVATION NEPAL ANNUAL REPORT 2018-19

Bird Conservation Nepal

Established in 1982, Bird Conservation Nepal (BCN) is the leading organization in Nepal, focusing on the conservation of birds, their habitats and sites. It seeks to promote interest in birds among the general public, encourages research on birds, and identifies major threats to birds’ continued survival. As a result, BCN is the foremost scientific authority providing accurate data and information on birds and their habitats throughout Nepal. The organization provides scientific data and expertise on birds for the Government of Nepal (GoN) through the Ministry of Forest and Environment and works closely on birds and biodiversity conservation throughout the country.

BCN is a membership-based organization with a Founder President, Executive Council, advisors, patrons, life members, ordinary members, friends of BCN and active supporters. The membership provides strength to the society and is drawn from people of all walks of life from students, volunteers, professionals and conservationists.

BCN is a BirdLife International Partner, a network of more than 120 organizations around the world, working on a worldwide agenda to conserve the world’s birds and their habitats. BIRD CONSERVATION NEPAL 3 ANNUAL REPORT 2018-19

VISION “Birds and biodiversity thriving Deepak Budhathoki © in Nepal and benefiting people” MISSION “Bird Conservation Baya Weaver Baya Weaver Nepal is dedicated to conserve birds and biodiversity while benefiting people”

GOAL “Contribute to bird and biodiversity conservation in collaboration with people” GUIDING PRINCIPLES OF BCN BCN has established and abides by the following principles: n Conservation of birds, their habitats and overall biodiversity. n People’s participation in conservation and benefiting the people themselves. n institutional learning and innovation in the area of conservation. n Participatory planning process for formulating periodic policy to guide the organization. n Building national and international network to increase effectiveness in birds and biodiversity conservation Acknowledgements

Bird Conservation Nepal would like Nath Oli, Secretary and Joint Conservation for collaborating to express deepest appreciation for Secretaries Mr. Sagar Rimal and Dr. with us. We are also thankful to Mr. the continuous support of valuable Maheshwar Dhakal from Ministry Deepak Raj Joshi from NTB for their Patrons, Advisors and Executive of Forests and Environment for continued support in bird watching Council members. We are equally their support. Man Bahadur tourism promotion. BCN also grateful to BirdLife International, Khadka, Gopal Prakash Bhattarai, offers the sincere appreciation to Royal Society for Protection of Ram Chandra Kandel, Hari Bhadra National Conservation Consortium Birds (RSPB),UK Government’s Acharya, Laxman Prasad Paudyal, Partners WWF Nepal, IUCN Nepal, Darwin Initiative, BirdLife Kamal Jung Kunwar, Ramesh Thapa, ICIMOD, Wildlife Conservation Nepal Young Conservation Leadership Uba Raj Regmi, Bed Kumar Dhakal, (WCN), Environmental Camps for Programme, International Center Lal Bahadur Bhandari and Bed Conservation Awareness (ECCA), for Birds of Prey (ICBP), Norwegian Bahadur Khadka of the Department Wildlife Watch Group (WWG), Nepal Ornithological Society (NOF), of National Parks and Wildlife Forum of Environmental Journalists Danish Ornithological Society Conservation (DNPWC) guided us (NEFEJ), Federation of Community (DOF), Norwegian Agency for to implement various activities at Forest Users Nepal (FECOFUN) Development (NORAD), CISU/ the field level. We are grateful to Dr and other partners Nepal Tourism Danida, Taiwan Forestry Bureau, Ram Prasad Lamsal, Dr. Rajendra KC, Board (NTB) and Trekking Agency Oriental Bird Club and AusAid. Madhuri Thapa from Department Association of Nepal (TAAN) for of Forests and Soil Conservation conservation collaboration. We sincerely thank for the support for their tireless support. We would to our international friends, also like to thank Bharati Pathak and Finally, our deepest appreciation especially Particia Zurita, Ian Barber, Thakur Bhandari from FECOFUN; goes to the instrumental Vinayagan Dharmarajah, John Dr. Ghana Shyam Gurung and Dr. organizations, Ministry of Forests Mallord, Chris Bowden, Jemmima Shant Raj Jnawali of WWF Nepal and Environment, Department Parry Jones, David Anderson, Program; Dr. Prahlad Thapa and of National Parks and Wildlife Duncan Orr-Ewing, Nick Masters, Dr. Narendra Man Babu Pradhan Conservation, Department of Paul Donald, Mike Crosby, Carol from IUCN; Dr. Nakul Chettri and Forests and Soil Conservation, Inskipp, Tim Inskipp, Marcus Cotton, Dr Janita Gurung from ICIMOD Department of Drug Administration, Kjetil Slovokan, Frode Falkenberg, and Dr. Hem Sagar Baral and Dr. Department of Livestock Services Thomas Lehmberg, Charlotte Bhagwan Raj Dahal from ZSL for and Nepal Veterinary Council. Mathiassen, Lars Earmark, Hum their support. Our special note of We would also like to thank the Bahadur Gurung, Deepak Apte and thanks also goes to Yajnath Dahal, local conservation groups, local the Birdlife Family across the globe. Dr. Siddartha Bajra Bajracharya, conservation partners, numerous Deepak Singh, Sarita Jnawali, Dr. volunteers and local communities BCN takes this opportunity to Chiranjivi Pokharel, and Dr. Naresh for their continued cooperation express its gratitude to Dr. Bishwo Subedi of National Trust for Nature and engagement in birds and biodiversity conservation of Nepal. BIRD CONSERVATION NEPAL 5 ANNUAL REPORT 2018-19

Highlights

Organizational Capacity Enhancement To protect birds-the most mobile creature on earth, a strong collaboration is needed both at international and local level. BCN has joined hands with BirdLife partners in the Central Asian Flyway Initiative to protect migratory birds along this flyway. BCN is also now part of the Global Bird Rescue Team to map bird collision which is an increasing threat in cities. The annual meeting of Nepal Bird Conservation Network (NBCN) members has helped our Local Conservation Groups (LCGs) in enhancing their knowledge and skills to effectively engage in conservation throughout 37 IBAs.

Saving Species Saving Sites and Habitat protected areas and mainstreaming The use of modern technologies in The IBAs identified are vital for the biodiversity and ecosystem services in our research work is providing solid, persistence of birds and biodiversity the operational plans of 30 community reliable information with recent in the country but unfortunately they forest. publication of our scientific paper are under increasing pressure from on vulture in renowned journal-Bird unsustainable development and land Ecosystem Service and Conservation International. BCN use changes including infrastructure, Livelihoods BCN has been working on sustainable team vulture are constantly tracking mining and agriculture, which put management of forest by improving, 31 captive released and 30 wild risk in their bird populations. Strong restoring and protecting forest White-rumped Vultures fitted with advocacy at policy level is urgently through sustainable use of natural satellite tags to enhance knowledge needed to safeguard IBAs. BCN’s resources and simultaneously building on applying effective conservation advocacy work resulted in halting capacity and enhancing the livelihood measures. BCN keep its eye on all the haphazard road construction at of community for their greater threatened species with research Gadhi Siraichuli IBA, placement of participation in Conservation. Nature- focused this year on Bengal Florican, more artificial structure at Taudaha based income generation program Great Hornbill, Finn’s Weaver, Great and updating the site management in Nawalparasi, Bardia, Dang, Kailali, Slaty Woodpecker, Yellow-breasted plan of Jagdishpur Lake to restrict Kaski, Gulmi and Mugu districts has Bunting, Lesser Adjutant, Wood Snipe activities having negative impact supported for conservation of birds/ and Ibisbill. Long-term monitoring to the biodiversity. BCN continued IBAs and livelihood improvement of of Demoiselle Crane migration, supporting grassland habitat around 1500 households. water bird and urban bird count are management for Bengal Florican in ongoing. 6 BIRD CONSERVATION NEPAL ANNUAL REPORT 2018-19 BIRD CONSERVATION NEPAL 7 ANNUAL REPORT 2018-19 Organizational Capacity Enhancement

BCN has prepared a comprehensive education KEY ACHIEVEMENTS n Pheasant Conservation Action Plan program for children and for Nepal (2019-2023) published nature lovers to cater n Biodiversity Conservation Education through its Bird and Curriculum for school developed Biodiversity Learning n Long term strategy for Nepal Bird Conservation Network (NBCN) Center at Ranibari with the developed support from Australian Embassy’s Direct Aid Meeting. The landmark meeting Program (DAP). The Strengthening Trans- was mainly to elect Governing boundary relations for education program engaged Council and review the partnership Wildlife Conservation more than 25 schools and conservation strategy for the years A trans-boundary meeting between to come. other organizations this Nepal and India was held on 9th year. Sensitivity mapping October 2018 at Patna, India. High Highlights of the GPM included of avifauna along the ranking officials of both countries a review of BirdLife’s common representing Forest Department, proposed Transmission Line progress towards the 2013-2022 Wildlife Department and other conducted and advocate strategy, a discussion of how relevant organizations attended with concern authorities to to move forward with our IBA/ the meeting. An understanding on eliminate the threats. KBA work, and how to secure addressing cross border movement stronger financial sustainability of wildlife and transboundary and strengthen the Partnership collaboration for its conservation Representation in BirdLife and its capacity – particularly in was developed. The Nepal Global Partnership Meeting mega-biodiverse countries. The team was led by Ram Chandra BCN along with over 200 members documentary of first ever release Kandel, Deputy Director General, of the BirdLife family gathered of captive vultures in Nepal was Department of National Parks and at Wallonia, Belgium from 26-28 shown as one of the most important Wildlife Conservation constituting September 2018 for the 2018 achievements of BirdLife on species representatives from different BirdLife General Partnership conservation. 8 BIRD CONSERVATION NEPAL ANNUAL REPORT 2018-19

adjoining National Parks and Wildlife Pheasant Conservation 5-7 January 2019. It was aimed to Reserves, WWF Nepal, National Trust Action Plan for Nepal rejuvenate the team, get everyone for Nature Conservation (NTNC), (2019-2023) Published motivated for a united mission, set Bird Conservation Nepal (BCN) and goals for the upcoming year, and The pheasant species are under ZSL Nepal. Krishna Bhusal, Vulture build bonds between team members. threat mainly due to extensive Conservation Program Officer hunting and trapping. In addition, from BCN highlighted about the Staff received the training on intensified anthropogenic activities Vulture Safe Zone and movement of the topic “Natural Resources such as non-timber forest products released vultures. Mobilization” by Dr. Bhuvan Keshar harvesting, livestock grazing, Sharma and “Assessment of Health & forest fire, impacts of stray dogs Saving Asia’s Vultures from Safety Situation at Office” by Mr. Raj and habitat loss and degradation Kumar Rai. Extinction (SAVE) Meeting are inducing threats for their in Kathmandu, Nepal long-term survival. Considering Annual General Meeting The eighth annual meeting of the importance of pheasant for BCN organized its 36th Annual Saving Asia’s Vulture from Extinction conservation, the Department General Meeting (AGM) on 19th (SAVE)” held in Kathmandu from of National Parks and Wildlife January 2019 at Hotel Moonlight, 29-30 November 2018 at Hotel View Conservation launched Pheasant Thamel. The program was chaired by Bhrikuti, Godawari. The meeting Conservation Action Plan for Rajendra Gurung, President of BCN focused on review of progress Nepal (2019-2023), with financial and Gopal Prakash Bhattrai, Deputy and evaluate changes to the and technical support from Bird Director General of Department regional Blueprint Recovery Plan Conservation Nepal and other of National Parks and Wildlife that represents the main Asian conservation consortium partners. Conservation was the Chief Guest. component of the CMS multi- The five-year plan addresses the Similarly, Shayam Sundar Bajimaya, species Action Plan for vultures. needs for long-term research and Former DG, DNPWC, Dr. Anuja Raj SAVE Chairman Professor David effective conservation of pheasant Sharma, Former DDG, DoFSC, Prem Houston formally welcomed species in Nepal and committed to Prasad Khanal, Under Secretary, Department of National Parks secure safeguarding its habitat and DoFSC, Prakash Lamsal Regional and Wildlife Conservation as the supporting to fulfill the target of Director, , Dr. Ghana nineteenth member of SAVE. Forty National Biodiversity Strategy and Shyam Gurung, CR, WWF, Dr. Prahlad delegates representing six range Action Plan. countries and other international Thapa, CR, IUCN and Dr. Tej Bahadur experts attended the meeting. Annual Staff Meeting and Thapa, Department Head of Zoology, TU were the special guests of the Capacity Building Training program. Patrons, advisors, members, BCN’s annual staff meeting was held supporters and representatives of at Hotel View Bhrikuti, Godavari on BIRD CONSERVATION NEPAL 9 ANNUAL REPORT 2018-19

various organizations attended the of Nepal’s position on CAF in the institutions from Bangladesh, India, program. meeting. The main focus of the Nepal, Cambodia and Pakistan meeting was partner co-operation gathered to discuss the progress On the occasion, General Secretary and collaboration in the Central and that has been made toward vulture Mr. Vimal Thapa presented on South Asia region, engaging with conservation in the region. Bed the program status. Similarly, the CAF and implementation of the Bahadur Khadka (DNPWC), Ishana Treasurer Mr. Ashok Bahadur Malla Action plans of regional, national Thapa (BCN) and Narendra Man highlighted the financial report of and flyway levels and joint event Babu Pradhan (IUCN- Nepal) the year 2017/18. for the Convention on Conservation participated in the meeting. The of Migratory Species (CMS) and meeting was an important updating BirdLife South Asia Conference of parties (COP) 13 in session for the Governments and Partners Meeting on India during 2020. regional collaboration on vulture Central Asian Flyway conservation. BirdLife South Asia Partners Meeting Asia Vulture Recovery on Central Asian Flyway (CAF) was Program Regional Steering Project Management held from 21-24 January 2019 in Committee Meeting Committee Meeting Odisha, India. The meeting was Eighth Regional Steering The fifth Project Management hosted by Bombay Natural History Committee meeting of the Asia Committee (PMC) meeting of People Society in collaboration with Vulture Recovery Programme was Partner with Nature (PPN) program Chilika Development Authority, held in Dhaka, Bangladesh on 3rd took place from 19-22 February Bhubaneswar. Ms. Ishana Thapa, April 2019. Representatives from 2019 in Malindi, Kenya. The PMC CEO presented on importance governments, NGOs and research meeting mainly focused on learning 10 BIRD CONSERVATION NEPAL ANNUAL REPORT 2018-19

and sharing of knowledge and stakeholders and agencies for the People with Nature through progress gathered by each partner Important Bird and Biodiversity Bird and Biodiversity Learning organizations - Birdlife Denmark, Areas (IBAs) management Centre at Ranibari Community Nature Kenya, Nature Uganda and and conservation actions. LCG Forest at Kathmandu Valley”. The BCN. One day was reserved for a participants representing 25 project funded by AusAid through field trip to observe the programme IBAs attended the workshop. Australian Embassy, Nepal aimed activities implemented by Nature The workshop concluded with to provide environment and Kenya. Ms. Ishana Thapa, Chief identifying the emerging threats biodiversity education to students, Executive Officer, Mr. Mitra Pandey, to IBAs in Nepal and prioritizing researchers, local people and Senior Project Officer and Mr. Bharat conservation actions for general public encouraging them to Panthi, Assistant Project Officer from safeguarding them. protect environment. This education BCN participated in the meeting. program will gain continuity. A long-term strategy of NBCN has National Workshop of Nepal been developed to run BCN’s site Financial Management and Bird Conservation Network level activities more effectively and Administration Training (NBCN) efficiently. Birdlife Denmark (Dansk A National level workshop of Nepal Ornitologisk Forening) organized Bird Conservation Network (NBCN) Connecting People with four days’ training workshop was held in Bardia from 14-16 Nature on ‘Financial Management and March 2019. The main objective Ranibari Community Forest that Administration’ from 2-5 April 2019 of the program was to enhance lies in the heart of Kathmandu in Copenhagen, Denmark. Three the capacity of NBCN members for provides a natural habitat for staff from BCN: Ms. Pratikchha bird and biodiversity monitoring diverse wildlife species. This forest Srivastava, Admin and Finance and conservation. The workshop has played a vital role in order Head, Mr. Mitra Pandey, Senior focused on strengthening the to bring people close to nature. Project Officer and Mr. Samir Local Conservation Groups (LCGs) In order to create a close bond Maharjan, Finance and Admin for awareness raising amongst the between people and nature, BCN Associate participated in the wider communities and influencing implemented a project “Connecting training. Participants from Nature BIRD CONSERVATION NEPAL 11 ANNUAL REPORT 2018-19

Kenya and Nature Uganda were Mr. Niraj Dahal participated in Staff Appointment also present. The training workshop Birdfair in Thailand from 23-25 Mr. Deu Bahadur Rana has been highlighted mainly on the proper November 2018. appointed as Field Biologist on 1 implementation and monitoring January 2019. of financial activity, designing of Mr. Krishna Bhusal participated in project financial management Statistics for Animal Tracking Data Mr. Mohan Bikram Shrestha has manual and admin/finance Training at Smithsonian, US from been appointed as Research Officer guidelines of CISU for the better 9-19 February 2019. on 15 May 2019. implementation of ‘People Partner with Nature’ programme. Mr. Ananda Kumar Shrestha Mr. Ananda Shrestha has been participated in Environment appointed as Education Program Staff Capacity Education Workshop and Training in Associate on 15 July 2019. Enhancement Malaysia from 21-26 February 2019. Staff Departure Ms. Ishana Thapa participated in Ms. Ishana Thapa participated Birdlife Global Partnership Meeting in Regional Steering Committee Mr. Devendra Chapagain left BCN at Froidchapelle, Belgium from 26- meeting on vulture in Bangladesh on 30 November 2018. 29 September 2018. on 3 April 2019. Mr. Prashid Kandel left BCN on 28 Mr. Krishna Bhusal participated in Mr. Krishna Prasad Bhusal and Mr. February 2019. Transboundary Meeting at Patna, Hirulal Dangaura participated in Mr. Jyotendra Jyu Thakuri left BCN Bihar, India on 9 October 2018. Indo-Nepal Transboundary Vulture on 31 March 2019. Conservation Meeting at Dehradun, Mr. Bhupal Nepali participated in India on 22 April 2019. Educational visit in Indonesia from Mr. Parbat Raj Thani left BCN on 30 April 2019. 20-26 October 2018. Mr. Ananda Kumar Shrestha participated in Environment Ms. Ishana Thapa participated in Education Workshop and Training in CBD COP 14 meeting at Egypt from Malaysia from 21-26 February 2019. 17-29 November 2018. Rusty-Cheeked Scimitar Babbler © Rajendra Gurung 12 BIRD CONSERVATION NEPAL ANNUAL REPORT 2018-19 Ankit Bilash Joshi Egyptian Vulture © Egyptian Vulture BIRD CONSERVATION NEPAL 13 ANNUAL REPORT 2018-19

Saving Species

One in eight bird species is at risk of extinction KEY globally. Bird Survey ACHIEVEMENTS provides a rich source of n Recovery scientifically robust data of Critically to help understand the Endangered Gyps conservation status of birds. Vulture population This year BCN conducted the n Release of Captive- studies of threatened and bred Vulture other bird species with a n Survey and view to improve knowledge Monitoring of on distribution trend and Threatened Species population. Furthermore, illegal killing of birds being one of the major threat and cause of bringing down population of some species like the Yellow-breasted Bunting, BCN has trained more than 100 forest guards of community forest to monitor illegal activities related to wildlife also. Anti-poaching units have been formed in Madane protected forest.

Critically Endangered Gyps Vulture Population Partially Recovered in Nepal In a recent publication of Bird Graph: Annual index values for populations of White-rumped Vulture (WRV: filled circles) Conservation International, Galligan and Slender-billed Vulture (SBV: open circles) Vultures in Nepal for 2002–2018. et al. (2019) presented the data of decrease in sales of diclofenac in veterinary pharmacies; an increase in sales in meloxicam (the vulture- 14 BIRD CONSERVATION NEPAL ANNUAL REPORT 2018-19

safe alternative to diclofenac); and birds in last year have so far shown Trans-boundary an increase in critically endangered very promising signs of survival Collaboration in Vulture White-rumped and Slender-billed and success, and in addition, Conservation Vultures population in Nepal. It is 20 wild birds have now been To secure the trans-boundary the result of integrated approach satellite-tagged. This is a world first cooperation for vulture of vulture recovery programme; record for the release of white- conservation delegates from which involves advocacy, rumped vultures and is a major India and Nepal came together education, monitoring, research, step for establishing secure wild for a joint stakeholder workshop supplementary feeding and site populations. This has been possible in Indo-Nepal Transboundary protection to help implement through collaboration between Vulture Conservation Issues on Nepal’s Vulture Conservation BCN and National Trust for Nature 22 April 2019 in Dehradun, India. Action Plan. The fourteen-year Conservation (NTNC) together with The workshop was organized by data was analyzed in the paper. Chitwan National Park and the the Doon University, Uttarakhand The data showed the population Department of National Parks & in collaboration with Uttarakhand declines between 2002 and 2012/13 Wildlife Conservation (DNPWC). State Biodiversity Board; and was followed by partial recoveries attended by experts, researchers, between 2012/13 and 2018. Nation-wide Vulture Nest senior officials from concern Monitoring authorities, drug department, Captive-bred White- Monitoring of nest and their electricity department of rumped Vulture breeding ecology of different Uttarakhand, Bombay Natural Successfully Released into resident vulture species of Nepal History Society, India and the Wild was conducted nationwide in the representative from Department BCN achieved a further landmark for breeding season 2018-2019 (Table 1). of National Park and Wildlife vulture conservation as 12 critically endangered White-rumped Vulture Table 1 Nest Status of Vulture Gyps bengalensis was released into the wild at vulture release site, Total Successful Failure Breeding Species Nest Nest nest Success (%) Pithauli Nawalparasi in presence of Government of Nepal, National White-rumped Vulture 396 244 152 61.62 and International conservation Slender-billed Vulture 7 5 2 71.43 organizations. It includes the first Egyptian Vulture 9 7 2 77.78 eight birds actually hatched within Red-headed Vulture 4 2 2 50.00 the vulture conservation and Bearded Vulture 11 9 2 81.82 breeding center, Kasara, Chitwan Himalayan Griffon 71 56 15 78.87 National Park. Releases of six Total 498 323 175 64.86 captive reared (but not hatched) BIRD CONSERVATION NEPAL 15 ANNUAL REPORT 2018-19

Conservation, Government of set in 2010 to reduce biodiversity Similarly, bird survey was carried Nepal, Bird Conservation Nepal loss and start to restore nature, out in the community forests of and National Trust for Nature many targets are way off track, and Chhatradev Rural Municipality Conservation. the conservation status of animals ward no. 5 of Arghakhachi District and plants around the world from 25-26 April 2019. A total of The workshop focused on continues to decline. 58 species including four Globally protection of global species vultures threatened species i.e. White- as a responsibility of its range BirdLife Partners from around rumped Vulture, Egyptian Vulture, countries and requirement of strong the world including BCN showed Red-headed Vulture and Grey- collaboration for the survival of how successful conservation can crowned Prinia were recorded in species. Mr. Hari Bhadra Acharya, work on the ground and advocate four consecutive community forest. Ecologist, DNPWC and Mr. Krishna for strong and urgent action to The CF are the associated area of Bhusal, Vulture Conservation reverse the global destruction of Argha, IBA. Program Officer participated in nature. BCN CEO, Ishana Thapa the program and presented on the presented on BCN’s advocacy work A reconnaissance survey of Cheer “Vulture Safe Zone in Nepal and on mainstreaming biodiversity in a Pheasant was conducted in April Trans-Boundary Collaboration”. side event. 2019 to know the presence of Cheer in Dhorpatan Valley by the dawn Representation at the 14th Bird Survey in Important call count survey in the previously Conference of the Parties Bird and Biodiversity Areas identified location. Furthermore, (COP14) A bird survey was carried out beside the call count survey, bird The 14th Conference of the Parties from 18-26 May 2019 at Madane sighted and heard was recorded (COP14) to the UN Convention on Protected Forest. Mackinnon’s in the valley. A single evening call Biological Diversity (CBD), held in Listing method was used to identify of Cheer Pheasant was heard from Sharm El Sheikh 13-29 November the species richness and abundance Pakhathar station around 06:30 pm. 2018, was the latest in a series of birds. Total 55 Mackinnon’s lists of biannual intergovernmental were prepared and total of 169 Community Networking meetings, where 196 governments bird species including five globally to Reduce Poaching in IBA including thousands of observers, threatened species: Egyptian sites make decisions together on new Vulture, Red-headed Vulture, Steppe Recognizing the primacy for international policies that aim to Eagle, Asian Woollyneck and Cheer controlling illegal poaching of conserve nature and the diversity Pheasant were recorded. Similar threatened birds and wildlife in of life on earth. A key focus of survey was also carried out in IBA sites a one-day anti-poaching this meeting was on the fact that January 2017 and March 2018. Now awareness workshop was organized despite some progress on targets a total of 253 bird species are listed for 5 community forest user group in Madane Protected Forest area. at Lathuwa, Gaidakhera, Mohanyal 16 BIRD CONSERVATION NEPAL ANNUAL REPORT 2018-19

Gaupalika-1, Tallopani Bayagada rural gradients in north, south, east and potential wintering sites not and Malika Chure. In addition, and west of Kathmandu Valley. yet surveyed, were considered regular patrolling was conducted pertinent. Along with an assessment by Banheralu of Ghodaghodi Total 6688 birds belonging to 88 of population status and habitat Municipality in Ghodghodi Lake species and 7318 belonging to 71 use, information concerning local Area and Community Forests. No species were recorded on January threats was also gathered. The total any poaching case was recorded and May respectively. Altogether buntings recorded from Phewa, during the patrol. 40 birdwatchers volunteered in the Rupa, Khaste and Gunde lake were bird count. 500 in number. Similarly, Community based anti-poaching unit including of Ornithology Training Similarly, to understand distribution 44 members was formed on 1 With an aim to enhance the skill and ecology of Wood Snipe, December 2018 at Madane. The of bird watchers and researchers a survey was carried out in main role of the unit is to regularly in generating quality results, Goshainkunda and associate lakes, patrol their respective community through the use of better research Langtang National Park in 2019. forest, control illegal activity in tools and techniques, three days’ community forest and organize “Basic Ornithological Training” Finn’s Weavers survey conducted in awareness activity, etc. Two days’ was conducted from 12-14 June Shuklaphanta National Park from 25 safety net training was organized on 2019 at Hotel Ichiban, Lazimpat. to 26 June 2019 which recorded the May 2019 with a view to strengthen The students from university, fresh 115 nests and 177 individuals. the capacity of community based graduates with natural science anti-poaching unit. academic discipline (Zoology, Monitoring of Demoiselle Forestry and Environmental Science) Crane Migration Urban Bird Count and nature guides participated in A total of 26319 Demoiselle Crane Over a decade BCN has continued the training. individuals were counted in 9 bird survey in Kathmandu days’ observation (4 October - 12 Valley focused on getting better Survey of Threatened Bird October 2018). This year most of understanding of the birds and to Species the migration had high number get representative data on birds. A survey of the Yellow-breasted of flocks. Highest number of This year the count was carried out Bunting was conducted in January migrations was on 6th October with in winter from 5-12 January 2019 and February of 2019 in Pokhara a total of 11796 birds, followed by 5 and in the summer from 11-18 May valley. To contribute in conservation October, 8 October, 7 October and 9 2019. The bird count was conducted action of the species, surveys at October with 3491, 2421, 2367 and in 24 predetermined transects previously known wintering sites 2272 birds respectively. distributed in urban, suburban and BIRD CONSERVATION NEPAL 17 ANNUAL REPORT 2018-19 Lesser Whistling- duck Family © Sanjay Tha Shrestha 18 BIRD CONSERVATION NEPAL ANNUAL REPORT 2018-19 BIRD CONSERVATION NEPAL 19 ANNUAL REPORT 2017-18

Saving Sites and Habitat

BCN in partnership with local communities, veterinary professionals, KEY ACHIEVEMENTS n DFZ expanded to 70 districts government agencies and n Advocacy to Save Important conservation organizations Bird Habitat supported in strengthen the Vulture Safe Zone by declaring 70 districts out of 75 as Diclofenac Free District which covers more than 94% of Nepal’s total area. BCN is also putting of diclofenac poisoning. BCN were added in the DFZ. Till date more efforts on potential partnering with communities, Diclofenac Free Districts have been IBA sites and identification veterinary professional, government declared in 70 districts which is of other important sites for agencies and conservation more than 94% of Nepal’s area. The organization initiated an approach total area covering Diclofenac Free birds and biodiversity. that involves removing of diclofenac Zone is 141,411 square kilometers. from veterinary use. This year in Declaration of Diclofenac close coordination with District Local Government Action to Free Zones Livestock Services and DFZ Save Vulture in Kaptanganj, Nepal Vulture population suffered workshops, four districts: Dolakha, Dang more than 90% decline as a result Khotang, Okhaldunga and Terthum Dang Deukhuri Foothill Forest and West Rapti Wetland of Lamahi Municipality-7 is an IBA. Since more than a decade, the area is mostly being preferred for nesting and roosting by critically endangered White-rumped Vultures, Slender- billed Vultures and endangered Egyptian Vultures. However, the site is being encroached by local people and intentionally destroyed the vulture nesting and potential nesting trees. Recognizing the importance of the vulture habitat, local government authorities with other stakeholders made a decision to mark all vulture nesting trees, potential tall and big trees and stop cutting them down in future. The decision was made by Mayor 20 BIRD CONSERVATION NEPAL ANNUAL REPORT 2018-19

of Lamahi Municipality Mr. Kul Carbon Stock Assessment forest dependent. There is also Bahadur KC. in Ranibari Community need of regular monitoring of the Forest forest to know the status of the Locally-based Monitoring forest and make the operational Ranibari Community Forest is one plan accordingly. Fixed point Initiated in Gulmi and only community forest in urban photography method was adopted A community-based monitoring setting that is located at the north as one of the monitoring methods. approach was implemented in western part of the Kathmandu Five CFUGs of Madane and 2 CFUGs 7 CFUGs of Madane, Gulmi with metropolitan city. The 6.95-hectare of Reshunga selected specific date an aim to systematically and area of forest is surrounded by to conduct fixed point photography continuously collect data on specific dense human settlements. In order twice a year, one in summer and indicators for use in decision making to understand the potential role next in winter. Similarly, each CFUG process. Two days training was of forests in carbon sequestration, has also selected the fixed point to organized before implementation it was necessary to estimate the take the photos. of LBM and forest monitoring carbon stocks. The carbon study indicators were selected through result of the community forest Sensitivity Mapping participatory approach that were showed the amount of carbon stock relevant to each community forest. as 716.6 ton per hectare that means of Avifauna Along the Also, a workshop was organized a total of 4944.55 ton within the Proposed Transmission on 25-26 April 2019 with a view total area of community forest. Thesensitivity mapping of to update the forest monitoring avifauna was carried out along the indicators for better result in LBM. Forest Monitoring in proposed 305 km of 400 Kilovolt Gulmi through Fixed-point (KV) transmission lines and three Photography Method new substations in central Nepal. Altogether 236 species of birds Many people of Reshunga and representing 60 orders and 18 Madane of Gulmi district are BIRD CONSERVATION NEPAL 21 ANNUAL REPORT 2018-19 Gadhi Siraichuli IBA Site © Prem Thapa Gadhi Siraichuli IBA Site © Prem families were recorded from the and other biodiversity. Finally, the minimizing the development study area. A total 563 individuals of Mayor of Ichchhakamana Rural impacts on biodiversity of the lake. 11 Globally Threatened Species and Municipality and Division Forest 18 Nationally Threatened Species Officer agreed on halting the road Grassland Management of were recorded from the study area expansion and carry out necessary Bengal Florican impact assessment process in the BCN supported Chitwan National Advocacy to Save site. Park to manage about 7.8 hectare Important Bird Habitats of grassland at Harrabasa for Bengal Similarly, number of threats from Florican conservation. Similar Gadhi siraichuli which is an IBA urbanization and infrastructure supports to manage grassland in holds a significant population development has posed risk to the Bardia and Shuklaphanta National of the globally threatened Grey- birds and biodiversity in Taudaha. Park were also continued. crowned Prinia and endemic Spiny To halt this situation, BCN held Babbler along with other vulnerable meetings with Kirtipur Municipality species like Greater Spotted Eagle, and Ward Office to agree on Indian Spotted Eagle, Red-faced Liocichla, which was rediscovered in the area. The site was at risk due to a haphazard road development project. BCN in coordination with Department of Forest and Soil Conservation, Division Forest Office, Chitwan and Ichchhakamana Rural Municipality, Kurintar, Chitwan held series of meetings to discuss on the impact of the road development on the habitat of threatened birds Taudaha © Tek Gharti Magar © Tek Taudaha 22 BIRD CONSERVATION NEPAL ANNUAL REPORT 2018-19 BIRD CONSERVATION NEPAL 23 ANNUAL REPORT 2018-19 Ecosystem Services & Livelihood

To promote community stewardship in biodiversity conservation while reducing KEY ACHIEVEMENTS dependency on natural n Alternative Energy Promotion resources, BCN supports local n Improving Income through communities and provides Eco-tourism opportunities of sustainable alternative livelihood. More than 1000 households benefitted through income generation opportunities from handicraft based on Improved Cooking Stove level indoor air pollution and to natural resources, revolving promotion in Gulmi shrink the consumption of biomass for conservation of forest. In total fund, fisheries, green The households in Madane 100 household installed efficient enterprises, ecotourism and Reshunga have been using cook stoves this year. and homestay program, traditional mud clay cooking stove, cultivation of cash crops. consuming substantial amount This year, BCN has supported of wood that emits significant Diverse Vegetable Farming Improved Cooking Stove volume of smoke. Such cooking is practice in Madane (ICS) to forest dependent unhealthy for women and also leads Madane is a protected forest area communities in Madane to deforestation. BCN supported in Gulmi District. There are majority protected forest area. to install Improved Cooking Stoves of the people as farmers. They (ICS) with a view to promote grow maize, millet, potatoes and alternative energy to reduce high only a few seasonal vegetables. 24 BIRD CONSERVATION NEPAL ANNUAL REPORT 2018-19

BCN through People Partner with for helpful insects (pollinators) to for further conservation in the Nature programme supported 62 keep the environment ecologically site. The engagement with young farmers with vegetable seeds and sustainable. people determines the prospect for training on how to grow mushroom, sustainable development cauliflower, cabbage, lady-finger, Ecotourism Promotion in gourd and tomato. Skeptical at first, IBA Sites Vegetable Nursery they were surprised to see the result Recognizing the potentiality of promotion for livelihood and are now eager to continue. tourist destination, the homestay improvement program in Ghodaghodi and Rara Realizing the need of Vegetable Recognizing the importance of is benefitting both communities farming training to the people of improving local livelihoods for and conservation. Presently 15 project sites, BCN organized training conservation, BCN has supported households in Ghodaghodi and of Nursery management including vegetable farming to make 10 households in Rara offering the support of agriculture tools local people self-sustained and homestay facilities. Till date more and various vegetable seeds for motivate them in conservation. By than 1850 tourist visited the Agriculture farmer groups from growing varieties of vegetables in homestay which has generated 3rd to 6th September 2018 at their own land, they would stop revenue of over US $5450. Arkhbangh and Hwangdi of Gulmi exploring the significant new district. The overall objectives of the land for agriculture. Additionally, Three days training was given to 18 trainings were to promote diverse the livestock which are often youth representing from five IBAs vegetable farming with advance dependent on the forest resources on bird watching tourism at Pithauli, training and change in agriculture have been benefitted from the Nawalparasi with the view to system and to improve farmer’s agriculture residues as their food provide opportunity to new forms livelihood. A total of 55 farmers source. Furthermore, such type of of income and better incentives participated in the training. farming system has given space BIRD CONSERVATION NEPAL 25 ANNUAL REPORT 2018-19

Conservation Ponds in office, Gulmi have supported Rip-di community forests of Gulmi Gaira CFUG of Balithum, Reshunga established Chiuri oil extraction Five Community forests of mill. Forests of Rip -di Gaira and Reshunga and Madane have adjacent CFUGs of Reshunga are constructed conservation ponds. rich in Chiuri trees. Chiuri trees have The ponds are primarily focused to multiple uses. They are used for provide drinking water for forest fodders and firewoods. Their flowers dwelling animal species. During are important for Bee-keepers. the dry summer season, the forest Additionally, ghee is extracted area lacks water so such ponds play from their seeds which are used in important role to save the wildlife. producing creams, medicine and These ponds not only are helpful cosmetic items. Bird Conservation for the wildlife but also supports in Nepal has also facilitated the Rip-di water recharge. People living in the Gaira CFUG with the marketing foothill of Reshunga and Madane of the produced ghee and to receive regular flow of water. make their link with the market, Chiuri Mill as a source of a businessperson was invited to observe the situation of the income generation Chiuri mill and its production. The Bird Conservation Nepal in produced ghee cost more than NRs. collaboration with district forest 150 per Kg. 26 BIRD CONSERVATION NEPAL ANNUAL REPORT 2018-19 BIRD CONSERVATION NEPAL 27 ANNUAL REPORT 2018-19

Awareness and Publication

Charity Event Every year, to explore environmental issues and as a part of fund raising BCN organizes an “Exclusive Charity Dinner and Screening” Program. The gathering in event provides an opportunity to connect with members, supporters and conservation consortium partners and help people from all walk of lives to come together, learn and contribute for the conservation of birds, biodiversity and nature. More than 50 guest attended the event at Cine De chef CTC Mall, International Vulture and Livestock Association, (NEVLA) Sundhara on 5th January 2018 Awareness Day Kapilvastu, Jatayu Restaurant raising fund for our initiative to Management Committee, BCN jointly with local partners “Keep Common Bird Common”. Lalamatiya, Environmental organized various public awareness The event included the screening Sustainable Development raising event to celebrate Tenth on a documentary “Plastic Planet” and Research Center(ESDRC), International Vulture Awareness Day showing the damaging condition of Dang, Environmental and Rural on 1st September 2018. The week- habitat because of plastic. Development Center (ENRUDEC), long programs primarily focused on Banke, Bardia Nature Conservation spreading awareness amongst the Training Focal Teachers of Club (BNCC), Bardia, EARTH and wider communities and influencing Eco-Clubs Jatayu Restaurant Management stakeholder and agencies in Committee, Kailali, Nature Guide To train focal teachers and positioning the Vulture Safe Zone as Association Shuklaphanta (NGAS), disseminate message to thousands a conservation priority. of students, two-days’ focal teachers Kanchanpur, District Forest Office training was conducted from BCN supported 23 different and Rufford Foundation, Bajura, 6-7 July 2018 at Sukhad Kailali. organizations such as Kumarwarti Garta Khahare, Khahare Khola Altogether 22 teachers representing Secondary School/Tours, Jatayu Community Forest, and Garlam 14 schools participated in the Restaurant Management Government Forest, Arghakhachi , training. Participants were oriented Committee, Pithauli, Vulture Nawa Jana Bikash Yuva Pariwa, Bird with the identification and Conservation Movement Conservation Nepal , AFU and BCN monitoring techniques on birds. Network, Green Youth of Lumbini, members group, Hetauda , Madane The trainers-oriented students in 16 Rupandehi, Jatayu Restaurant Protected Forest Committee, Gulmi schools with the skills gained from Management Committee, Adheri Chharchhare Community the training. Gaidatal,, Nepal Para veterinary Forest, Madanpokhara, Palpa, 28 BIRD CONSERVATION NEPAL ANNUAL REPORT 2018-19

Pokhara Bird Society (PBS), Forest, Bhaktapur. A total of 120 from 19-21 March 2019 with Pokhara and BCN Pokhara branch, people representing various series of activities in collaboration Jatayu Restaurant Management government and non-government FAO, IUCN, ICIMOD, BCN and Committee, Ghachok, Kaski, to institution, students, journalist other Conservation partners. organize various awareness raising and bird watchers participated in In this occasion organized the program. the event. The participant divided birdwatching program in Phulchoki into four groups, each led by bird IBA on 21 March 2019. Different awareness raising event expert who assisted the respective such vulture festival in Vulture Safe group members to identify different BCN day Celebration Feeding Sites, local cultural song species of birds. Altogether, 40 BCN day was celebrated on 24th and dance performance regarding species were recorded in that April 2019 at RCF learning centre vulture conservation, stake holder event. BCN’s publications “Birds by organizing a talk program on interaction, trans boundary of Bardia National Park and Buffer Nature and Literature. Writer and dialogue, community awareness, Zone Area” and “Birds of Langtang Philosopher, Dr Sanjeev Upreti gave school awareness, poem and National Park” were launched on a the talk. On the same occasion bird drawing competitions, mass rally, concluding day. research grant was presented to photo exhibition, vulture watching two students Ms. Vinita Karki with and identification in 16 vulture Similarly, on the occasion of “47th research title “Assessing behavioral range districts of Nepal World Environment Day” on 7th trait of Ibisbill and their vulnerability June a bird watching event was to climate change in breeding and Green Day Celebration conducted at Ranibari Community wintering ground in Central Nepal” National and International Forest, Lazimpat and also marked and Mr. Nabin Pandey with research conservation related days were the event in other places such as title “Status and distribution of marked with several event. World Ghodaghodi and Dang. During the Great Slaty Woodpecker in western Wetland Day, Wildlife Week, World concluding day on 5th June the lowland of Nepal” respectively. Environment Day were celebrated poster of “Wood Snipe” was released This year’s grant was supported by with consortium partners, local with an aim to aware people about patron of BCN Mr. Chungba Sherpa. stakeholders, government to show the status of the species and its commitment to work together in conservation. Conservation Festival conservation Celebrated in Resunga and The Government of Nepal has Madane To mark “24th Wildlife Week” a bird celebrated the International Day of In order to enhance conservation watching event was organized Forests (IDF) 2019 in Kathmandu of biodiversity from local level, BCN on 17 April 2019 at Suryabinayak BIRD CONSERVATION NEPAL 29 ANNUAL REPORT 2018-19

jointly with local CBO’s organized education program are proving to n Interaction program with one day conservation festival in be wonderful addition for classroom Jatayu Restaurant Management three different place (Balithum, in providing the students practical Committee and Gaindatal Paralmi and Thulichour ) of Gulmi. knowledge. Community Forest on Bird and The major objective of the festival Biodiversity Conservation was was to sensitize and encourage Bird watching with His organized 26 March 2019. local people in biodiversity Excellency at Ranibari n Interaction program with Cow conservation. Different activities Rescue Management Committee such as promotion of local product, His Excellency Mr. Peter Budd, on vulture conservation was conservation play and drama, Ambassador of Australia Visited organized on 1 May 2019 at preservation of local culture was Biodiversity Conservation Learning Ghachowk, Kaski. done. Center at Ranibari Community n Interaction program Rapti Forest on 27 March 2019. His School Education Program Excellency enjoyed bird watching Technical School and Kalika Our education program which and nature walk accompanied by Community Forest User Group involve interactive and outdoor representatives of Community Lalmatiya Dang on 22nd July learning approach, helping to forest and BCN. He also attended 2019. Altogether 80 students and connect youth, locals and students a talk program at learning center 5 teachers were awared through with matter related to birds and and shared his experience of the event. biodiversity conservation. The bird watching in one and only n Awareness and Interaction education classes are held in community forest in the densely programme on Vulture Ranibari Learning Centre. This populated Kathmandu. BCN with Conservation with Community year program has delivered nature support of AUSAID program funded Stakeholder was conducted education to 965 students of 15 by Australian Embassy has been at Chhatradev Rural different schools through 21 events. working in developing education Municipality-03, Danda Pokhara, Kids from Montessori to students program designed for school and Arghakhachi district organized of grade 10 and special need college students. student were provided knowledge on 26 April 2019. The programme on Environment and Biodiversity. Awareness Activities on was chaired by president of Students of special need were Conservation Aalam Devi Community Forest provided education on birds visiting and Ward Chief of Chhatradev Vulture various conservation to forest nearest to the school. awareness events were organized Rural Municipality-03 was the The work book developed for our such as: chief guest. Guest from Division 30 BIRD CONSERVATION NEPAL ANNUAL REPORT 2018-19

Forest Office, Chief of Police big tree in the forest and their Community Stakeholder was Office, representative from farmland necessary for vulture conducted at Chhatradev Rural different nearby community habitat. In future identify the Municipality-03, Danda Pokhara, forest user group, youth club, areas of vulture and other Arghakhachi district organized women’s group, teachers, wildlife potential habitat and on 26 April 2019. The programme students from different schools the areas should be avoided was chaired by president of and local people participated in from the infrastructure Aalam Devi Community Forest the programme. All total of 52 development procedure. He and Ward Chief of Chhatradev participants were present. Vulture also added to prepare a vulture Rural Municipality-03 was the status and importance in Nepal. conservation plan and deliver chief guest. Guest from Division Highlighted that community and the agenda in Gaupalika and Forest Office, Chief of Police community forest have played district for further support. Office, representative from a crucial role in conservation Raised an agenda on selecting different nearby community of such an endangered species an open area nearby village forest user group, youth club, at community level. Chief for disposing their Awareness women’s group, teachers, guest stated on protection and Interaction programme students from different schools and conservation of tall and on Vulture Conservation with and local people participated BIRD CONSERVATION NEPAL 31 ANNUAL REPORT 2018-19

n Organized one day vulture interaction program with about the vulture conservation awareness and interaction students in Shiddheswari Lal issues and their role to safeguard program with students and Kumari Secondary School, Butwal them. teachers of Rudrapur Secondary Rupandehi. The main objective n BCN in collaboration with School, Rupandehi (which is of the program was to aware Jatayu Restaurant Management located nearby of VSFS Gaindatal) students on vulture conservation Committee, organized on 29 July 2018. Girls 21, boys and their roles for bird and one day “Veterinary Awareness 35 along with five teachers biodiversity conservation. All Program for Vulture Conservation were actively participated together 36 girls, 29 boys and 2 and Field Observation” in the program. Mr. Damber teachers actively participated in on 23 April 2019 in Jatayu Bahadur Chhetry coordinator of the program. Restaurant Information Centre Jatayu Restaurant Management n Organized awareness and hall, Kawasoti, Nawalparasi. Committee Gaindatal also shared interaction program among Veterinarian, cow & poultry farm, participants about committee’s students and teachers about local government and Nepal role for vulture conservation. vulture conservation on 22 Army representatives, altogether n Vulture awareness and September 2018 at Everest 37 attended in the awareness interaction program with English boarding secondary program. The program was students in Shree Bhule school Butwal Rupandehi. mostly targeted to veterinarian Secondary School Sainik, n Organized 10 vet practitioners, for vulture conservation in order Tilottama Municipality, 5 local community and 5 school to Strengthening the Vulture Rupandehi on 3rd August awareness events. Safe Zone. Participants was taken 2018 which is located nearby n Veterinary practitioner’s to field observation where they of breeding colony of White- awareness was completed in watched the vulture feeding. rumped Vulture. All together 38 Kapilvastu, Rupandehi and Overall, the program helped to (19 Boys, 15 Girls and 4 teachers) of Nepal inform about current research were actively participated in this in the occasion of IVAD. Vet projects and recent findings awareness program. professionals, para vets, quacks, about the NSAID’s survey. n On 31 July 2018 organized pharmacy owner were key target Participants also discussed on vulture awareness and of the event and they were aware the Pesticide poisoning and way to control them through participatory and coordination role between different stakeholders working in the field of Vulture conservation and make sure that the environment is free from the threats of chemicals like Diclofenac along with other NSAID’s like Aceclofenac, Ketoprofen, Nemusulide etc. 32 BIRD CONSERVATION NEPAL ANNUAL REPORT 2018-19 White-thorated Kingfisher © Manshanta Ghimire BIRD CONSERVATION NEPAL 33 ANNUAL REPORT 2018-19

Financial Update

Annual Expenditure from July 17 , 2018 to July 16, 2019 SN Particulars Expenditure till date % Expenditure 1 Organisational Capacity Enhancement 4,321,419.00 10 2 Saving species 13,257,770.86 32 3 Saving sites and habitats 8,458,467.18 20 4 Ecosystem Services and Livelihoods 12,687,700.78 30 5 Administrative cost 3,182,109.19 8 Total 41,907,467.01

Income Vs Expenditure Trend for 2015-2019 S.N. Period Income Expenditure 1 2014/15 43,683,342.94 37,996,012.46 2 2015/16 42,226,478.74 45,435,751.01 3 2016/17 52,711,053.37 45,224,375.17 4 2017/18 72,186,754.26 54,214,943.01 5 2018/19 34,966,349.21 41,907,467.01 Great Rosefinch © Rajendra Gurung Great 34 BIRD CONSERVATION NEPAL ANNUAL REPORT 2018-19

Expenditure till date

8% 10%

Organisational Capacity Enhancement

Saving sites and habitats 30% 32% Saving species

Ecosystem Services and Livelihoods 20% Administrative cost

Program Vs Administrative Cost

8%

Program Cost

Administrative Cost

92% BIRD CONSERVATION NEPAL 35 ANNUAL REPORT 2018-19

Membership Update

BCN, as a membership-based we have 1115 members. Every year network of over 120 organizations, organization has always urged new members with their interest which makes its members a part people from all walk of lives to in birds and their conservation of a global movement of bird and join us as valuable members. This from diverse field join BCN who are biodiversity conservation. year 34 new Life members and 449 conservationist, students, tourism new general members joined BCN. entrepreneur etc. BCN is a BirdLife Figure below provides membership Including all the categories this year International Partner, a global detail for fiscal year 2018/19.

PATRON GENERAL 29 MEMBER 591

NBCN MEMBER TOTAL 36 LIFE 1115 MEMBER 409 FRIENDS OF BCN CORPORATE 40 MEMBER 10 36 BIRD CONSERVATION NEPAL ANNUAL REPORT 2018-19

ANNEX I: BCN Framework

PATRONS FOUNDER PRESIDENT 1. Karna Shakya Nepal Hari Saran Nepali ‘Kazi” 2. Rajendra Lal Shrestha Nepal 3. Michie Kashiwabara Japan EXECUTIVE COUNCIL 4. Shyam Khatri UK President Mr. Rajendra Gurung 5. Sir John Chapple UK Immediate Past President Mr. Yub Raj Basnet 6. Nicole Nooren Netherlands Vice President Prof. Karan Bahadur Shah 7. Yozo Koshiyama Japan General Secretary Mr. Vimal Thapa 8. Lalit J. Lalchan Nepal Joint Secretary Mr. Sarita Jnawali 9. Bishwo Tuladhar Nepal Treasurer Mr. Ashok B Malla 10. Tara P Lama USA Members Mr. Raj Kumar Rai 11. Krishna Karki Germany Dr. Prem Bahadur Budha 12. Uttam Raj Kayastha Nepal Mr. Umang Jung Thapa 13. Sarbendra Pachhai Nepal Mr. Ramesh Chaudhary 14. Deepak K Chhetri Nepal Mr. Sudarson Karki 15. Dr. Joel T Heinen USA Ms. Sabina Koirala Sharma 16. Loknath Wosti Japan 17. Rajendra Gurung Nepal ADVISORY BOARD 18. Shyam Krishna Prasai Nepal 1. Dr. Hem Sagar Baral 19. Ganga Jung Thapa Nepal 2. Dr. Shanta Raj Jnwali 20. Prof. David Simmons New Zealand 3. Dr. Tirtha Bahadur Shrestha 21. Dr. Guy Castley Australia 4. Dr. Bhusan Raj Shrestha 22. Dr. Jean-Marc Hero Australia 5. Mr. Top Bahadur Khatri 23. Bikram Rai Nepal 6. Mr. Shyam Sundar Bajimaya 24. Shanta Raj Jnawali Nepal 7. Mr. Harish Chandra Rai 25. Chungba Sherpa Nepal 8. Mr. Marcus Cotton 26. Umang Jung Thapa Nepal 9. Mr. Arend Van Riessen 27. Basanta Raj Mishra Nepal 10. Mr. Tika Ram Adhikari 28. Bhogendra Rayamajhi Nepal 11. Mr. Rajan Kumar Pokharel 29. Jaya N. Bhandari Nepal 12. Ms. Dibya Gurung STAFFS BIRD CONSERVATION NEPAL 37 ANNUAL REPORT 2018-19

Chief Executive Officer LIFE MEMBERS 41 Ltd Gen (retd) P.B. Limbu Ishana Thapa 1 Bharat Prasad Parajuli 42 Seb Buckton Finance & Admin Head 2 Douglas James 43 Krys Kazmierczak Pratikcha Srivastava 3 Linda Griffith 44 Denis Chandler Vulture Conservation Program Manager 45 Hilary Nash Krishna Bhusal 4 Rajendra N. Suwal 46 Richard Seargent Program Manager 5 Sunil Shakya Mitra Pandey 6 Takeshi Seki 47 Kalu Ram Tamang Communication & Marketing Officer 7 Marcus A.C. Cotton 48 Lt. Col.(Retd) Gerry Birch Niraj Dahal 8 Tim Inskipp 49 Philip McGowan Accountant 9 Carol Inskipp 50 Richard Grimmett Muna Munikar 10 Hem Sagar Baral 51 Lynne Carpenter Finance & Admin Associate 11 David Mills 52 Kaj Halberg Samir Maharjan 12 John B. Halliday 53 James D. Bland Research Officer Mohan Bikram Shrestha 13 Chris Murphy 54 Suman Basnet Policy & Advocacy Officer 14 Malcom/Siobhan Ausden 55 Suchit Basnet Kriti Nepal 15 Subechhya Basnet 56 Richard John Communication & Marketing Associate 16 Prabigya Basnet 57 Dr Ingrid Juettner Puja Gurung 17 Margaret MacNaughton 58 Shambhu Ghimire Education Program Associate 18 Jennifer Jones 59 Aaron Ofner Ananda Kumar Shrestha 19 Peter Brendt 60 Krishna Subedi Project Officer 20 Jack Cox Jr. 61 Loknath Wosti Bharat Panthi 21 Mark/Janice Hollingworth 62 Ananta Bhattrai Project Officer Shambhu Bhattarai 22 Tim/Irene Loseby 63 Dr. Frans Arentz Project Officer 23 Badri Pudasaini 64 Lorraine Limothe Ankit Bilash Joshi 24 Noritaka chida 65 Lakpa Nurbu Sherpa Project Officer 25 Peter Hampton 66 Debbie Pain Bhupal Nepali 26 Ben King 67 Andrew A. Cunningham Field Biologist 27 Nicholas B. Pett 68 Peter Widman Deu Bahadur Rana 28 Paul Holt 69 Steve Parr Vulture Field Technician 70 Raksha Baral Ishwari Chaudhary 29 Esther Lev 71 Munir Z. Virani Project Assistant 30 Aasheesh Pittie Hirulal Dangaura 31 R. Perkins 72 Siddhartha Pachhai Technicial Assistant 32 S. Perkins 73 Dipesh Prasad Kafle Thanishwar Khanal 33 Roland Anges Charnwick 74 Bhesh Raj Ghimire Support Staff 34 A. M. Bennett 75 Dr. Norbert Winding Sabitri Pandit 35 Hathan Choudhary 76 Ben Vickers Driver 36 Tika Giri 77 Klaus Dychuff Ram Krishna Maharjan 78 Dan Welch Yam Mahato 37 Lynda Cambum 38 David Cottridge 79 Dharmendra Raj Shakya 39 Avril McLeod 80 Nabin Gyawali 40 Linda R. Macaulay 81 Nabin Baral 82 Nigel Mathews 38 BIRD CONSERVATION NEPAL ANNUAL REPORT 2018-19

83 Som GC 125 Aadhip Dev Ghimire 167 Mana Krishna Shrestha 84 Badri Chaudhary 126 Pushpa Raj Sedhai 168 Suraj Kumar Gurung 85 Haris C Rai 127 Sharad Singh 169 Mitra Pandey 86 Ramesh J Rayamajhi 128 Rabindra Shrestha 170 Jyotendra Jyu Thakuri 87 Frank Y.A Saris 129 Surendra Kumar Paudel 171 Raju Tamang 88 Bishnu Bdr Chhetri 130 Dr. Shanta Raj Jnawali 172 Pratikchha Srivastava 89 Mark Mallalieu 131 Manoj Sharma 173 Menuka Basnyat 90 Stephen Biggs 132 Radha Wagle 174 Marianne Heredge 91 Rainer Stoll 133 Achyut Guragain 175 Ishana Thapa 92. Bimal Guragain 134 Angnima Tamang 176 Sunil Bantawa 93 Brain H. Williams 135 Nawaraj Chapagain 177 Ang Phuri Sherpa 94 Sarita Jnawali 136 Sanjan Bahadur Thapa 178 Dinesh Giri 95 Yub Raj Basnet 137 Krishna Tamrakar 179 Shree Ram Subedi 96 Ramji Gautam 138 Vimal Thapa 180 Preeti Shrish Thapa 97 Basu Dev Parajuli 139 Zimba Zangbu Sherpa 181 Krishna Gurung 98 Dr. Chiranjivi Pokhrel 140 Richard Cuthbert 182 Anand Chaudhary 99 Laxman Poudayal 141 Dr. Suman Sumsher Thapa 183 Molly Kim Goek Manison 100 Rajeev Tiwari 142 David Buckingham 184 Krishna Thakali 101 Jeet Bahadur Giri 143 Baikuntha Man Shrestha 185 Basanta Raj Kunwar 102 Nilesh Timilsina 144 Khadga Jeet Baral 186 Dr. Sagar Paudel 103 Bijay Tamang 145 David J Middleton 187 Binay Basnet 104 Mohan Lamsal 146 Raja Ram Regmi 188 Rajendra Khanal 105 Deepak Kumar Singh 147 Chandra Kumar Golchha 189 Dr. Binay Shrestha 106 Deepak Prasad Dahal 148 Suresh Sapkota 190 Pramod Khatiwada 107 Umesh Kumar Chaudhary 149 Om Prakash Gurung 191 Puran Bhakta Shrestha 108 Sakas Bahadur G.C 150 Ram Kumar Aryal 192 Raj Kumar Rai 109 Babar Singh Kathayat 151 Dr. Hum B. Gurung 193 Mohan Chandra Bishwakarma 110 Dr. Mathew Denny 152 Dr. Ghana Shyam Gurung 194 Sudarson Karki 111 Karan Bdr Shah 153 Gautam Sapkota 195 Dyabin Gurung 112 Jhamak Raj Chaudhary 154 Sushma Shrestha 196 Bhagwan Raj Dahal 113 Hari Bahadur Pariyar 155 Deependra Joshi 197 Bimal Chapagain 114 Hari Bhakta Adhikari 156 Scott Mason 198 Siling W Ghale 115 Dibya Devi Gurung 157 Roop Bahadur Gurung 199 Phurkel Sherpa 116 Dr. Rameshwar P. Singh 158 Dr. Hira Mana Pradhan 200 Govinda Shrestha 117 Deepak Prasai 159 Gyan Chand Dugar 201 Kul Bahadur Limbu 118 Daya Ram Chaudhary 160 Keshav Paudel 202 Shes Kanta Sharma 119 Sanjay Khetan 161 Ravi Shanker Pandit 203 Krishna Raj Gurung 120 Dhan Bahadur Chaudhary 162 Bhupal Nepali 204 Shankar Tiwari 121 Shyam Kumar Shah 163 Dr. Surya Paudel 205 Kunda Mani Dixit 122 Michael Dooher 164 Ishwori Prasad Chaudhary 206 Ramesh Prasad Bhushal 123 Celeus Baral 165 Puja Gurung 207 Prem Thapa 124 Hari KC 166 Khadananda Paudel 208 Bishnu Bahadur Thapa BIRD CONSERVATION NEPAL 39 ANNUAL REPORT 2018-19

209 Deepak Shrestha 251 Umang Jung Thapa 292 Shailesh Lamichhane 210 Ram Mani Sapkota 252 Ramesh Chaudhary 293 Muna Munikar 211 Sunita Gurung 253 Tara Prasad Shrestha 294 Dr. Bikash Dhaubanjar 212 Hem Bahadur Gurung 254 Tek Bdr Eingden 295 Him Lal Shrestha 213 Anil Prajapati 255 Hiral Lal Dangol 296 Govinda Bahadur Singh 214 Ajay Gurung 256 Jhamak Karki 297 Paban Shakya 215 Deepak Raj Joshi 257 Hari Bhandari 298 Nima Wangchu Sherpa 216 Dr. Bhushan Raj Shrestha 258 Sajan Ranabhat 299 Samridhi Lalchan 217 Sushila Chatterjee Nepali 259 Man Kumari Giri 300 Niraj Dahal 218 Surya Prakash Tiwari 260 Bhuwan Budthapa 301 Hirulal Dangaura 219 Jaya N Bhandari 261 Siddha Raj Ojha 302 Sudil Gopal Acharya 220 Kurban Man Suri 262 Raj Bahadur Shrestha 303 Samir Maharjan 221 Abinash Nepali 263 Narendra Man Babu Pradhan 304 Krishna Kaji Prajapati 222 Anod Thulung Rai 264 Raman Nepali 305 Sanjay Tha Shrestha 223 Babu Ram Yadav 265 Rabi Bhakta Thapa 306 Dipak Bishwakarma 224 Krishna Mani Baral 266 Seejan Gyawali 307 Prakash Lamsal 225 Bhogendra Rajamaijhi 267 Deepak Rajbanshi 308 kriti Nepal 226 Damodhar Bhakta Thapa 268 Ram Bahadur Shahi 309 Ankit Bilash Joshi 227 Braj Kishor Yadav 269 Ramjan Chaudhary 310 Bikalpa Karki 228 Bed Khadka 270 Ang Tenji Sherpa 311 Shyam Sundar Bajimaya 229 Hari Dhoj Tulachan 271 Dhan Bahadur Basnet 312 Anushila Basnet 230 Ram Babu Bastakoti 272 Lt. Gen (Rtd) Toran Jung 313 Renu Basnet 231 Ganga Bahadur Ghale Bahadur Singh 314 Arun Sharma Poudayal 232 Hari Marasini 273 Jasmine Rajbhandary 315 Dr. Pem Kandel 233 Nava Ratna Pradhan 274 Pradeep Khanal 316 Dhurba Basnet 234 Krishna Bhusal 275 Dr. Hemanta Mishra 317 Durga Lal Sapkota 235 Ashok Ram 276 Hem Bahadur Katuwal 318 Rishi Baral 236 Daya Ram Thapa 277 Sanjay Adhikari 319 Bishnu Raj Adhikari 237 Ashok Bahadur Malla 278 Kamal Hari Bhandari 320 Purna Man Shrestha 238 Tek Bahadur Gharti Magar 279 Bharat Panthi 321 Chetan Oli 239 Amir Sadaula 280 Sabin Lamichhane 322 Yadav Ghimire 240 Hari Krishna Laudari 281 Parbat Raj Thani 323 Ram Raj Gurung 241 Romash Gautam 282 Bhuvan Keshar Sharma 324 Raju Acharya 242 Manshanta Ghimire 283 Thile Lama Sherpa 325 Prabik Shrestha 243 Juddha Bahadur Gurung 284 Hemanta Dhakal 326 Bishal Ghimire 244 Dharma Raj Thapa 285 Sahaj Man Shrestha 327 Ganesh Sharma 245 Rishi Shah 286 Tek Raj Bhatt 328 Yam Kumari Gurung 246 Pritisha Shrestha 287 Kedar Neupane 329 Abdullah Miya 247 Raj Bdr Gurung 288 Bhaskar Nath Bhattarai 330 Bhumika Sigdel 248 Hari Krishna Bhattarai 289 Dr. Rajendra KC 331 Ram Chandra Kandel 249 Devendra Basnyat 290 Sunil Shrestha 332 Utasv Jung Thapa 250 Kalawati Chaudhary 291 Devendra Chapagain 333 Ganga Shah 40 BIRD CONSERVATION NEPAL ANNUAL REPORT 2018-19

334 Anu Ram Chaudhary 360 BuddhiRam Mahato 386 Ramesh Babu Thapa Magar 335 Prem Prasad Khanal 361 Kewal Prasad Chaudhary 387 Lina Chalise 336 Bishnu Shrestha 362 Prem Lal Mahato 388 Bishal Gautam 337 Hari Basnet 363 Raju Mahato 389 Bimita Bhandari 338 Bijay Raj Karki 364 Sudhan Lamsal 390 Shyam Kumar Pun 339 Sushil Chataut 365 Suraj Mahato 391 Mohan Bikram Shrestha 340 Yadav Gurung 366 Nutan Jung Karki 392 Narayan Prasad Rijal 341 Prashant Nepal 367 Yam Bahadur Mahato 393 Ananda Kumar Shrestha 342 Kumar Khadka 368 Dr. Prem Bahadur Budha 394 Siddha Raj Pant 343 Ram Chandra Karki 369. Dr. Sanjeev Uprety 395 Rabindra Singh Baniya 344 Shyam Kumar Tamang Gole 370. Dr. Archana Thapa 396 Chiranjeevi Khanal 345 Romnath Aryal 371 Prashid Kandel 397 Sanjeevani Yonzan Shrestha 346 Binod Joshi 372 Nabin Prakash Upadhyay 398 Pratap Gurung 347 Bed Kumar Dhakal 373 Dr Anuja Raj Sharma 399 Devendra Kumar Kharel 348 Amar Raj Limbu 374 Shambhu Bhattarai 400 Chanda Neupane 349 Arjun Kurmi 375 Thanishwor Khanal 401 Santosh Bikram Shah 350 Birkha Bahadur Rokaya 376 Kumar Paudel 402 Ghanshyam Sharma 351 Rasmi Kunwar 377 Dev Bahadur Gurung 403 Prashant Ghimire 352 Dilip Kumar Thapa 378 Debendra Pokhrel 404 Deepak Budathoki 353 Kapil Khanal 379 Prabodh Chand 405 Additya Shrestha 354 Samikshya Kumari Chaudhary 380 Tanka Duwadi 406 Indra Bahadur Pariyar 355 Deepa Basnet 381 Ava Shah 407 Manbodh Chaudhary 356 Bhupendra Prasad Yadav 382 Susan Shakya 408 Gopal Paudyal 357 Kripa Kumar Gurung 383 Bhuwan Singh Thakuri 409 Shailendra Kumar Pokharel 358 Puskal Bahadur Bam 384 Ghana Shyam Basnet 359 Alina Chaudhary 385 Sasmit Jyu Thakuri ANNEX II: Financial Information 42 BIRD CONSERVATION NEPAL ANNUAL REPORT 2018-19 BIRD CONSERVATION NEPAL 43 ANNUAL REPORT 2018-19 44 BIRD CONSERVATION NEPAL ANNUAL REPORT 2018-19 ANNEX II:

FIVE YEAR PLAN (2017-2021)

Program 1. Organizational Capacity Enhancement Objective 1: To increase the contribution of local Strategy 1: Harmonized organizational engagement through supporters, members, volunteers and bird enthusiasts awareness, participation and engagement and increase in membership.

Strategy 2: Broaden organizational outreach through engaging members, volunteers and local supporters. Objective 2: To enhance the capacity of members, Strategy 3: Execute the relevant capacity building program for volunteers and associated staff members, volunteers and staff.

Program 2. Saving Species Objective 3: To prevent extinction of threatened Strategy 4: Effective implementation of species action plan species and other species and improve their status. for endangered vultures, Bengal Florican and other threatened species Strategy 5: Increase research on threatened and common birds at landscape level focusing on environmental and climate change issues. Strategy 6: Engage birdwatchers and LCGs to monitor threatened and common birds

Program 3. Saving Sites and Habitats Objective 4: To conserve, restore and protect at least Strategy 7: Identify and develop objectives and priority actions 5 IBAs/KBAs and other critical habitats for 5 IBAs/KBAs and other critical habitats. Strategy 8: Strengthen partnership with supporters, relevant authorities and local users to conserve, restore and protect the selected 5 IBAs/KBAs and other critical habitats. Strategy 9: Formulating and implementing comprehensive Monitoring plan to monitor IBA/KBAs and critical bird habitats.

Objective 5: To establish long term community Strategy 10: Establish a network of LCGs in IBAs/KBAs and other support for IBAs/KBAs and other critical habitat. critical habitats 46 BIRD CONSERVATION NEPAL ANNUAL REPORT 2018-19

Program 4. Working with People Objective 6: To maximize community Strategy 11: Formulate plan and project to link local community with engagement in bird and biodiversity conservation bird and biodiversity conservation through livelihood opportunity in five important IBAs/KBAs and ecosystem services Strategy 12: Enhance role of local community in policy and advocacy for bird and biodiversity conservation. Objective 7: To educate and raise awareness Strategy 13: Develop awareness strategy for the schools, colleges among schools, colleges and general public on and general public on the importance of birds and biodiversity. the importance of birds and biodiversity Objective 8: To enhance policy and advocacy on Strategy 14: Building collaboration with lawmakers, media and Birds and Biodiversity conservation in forestry and general public on issues of birds and biodiversity for policy and agriculture sector. advocacy improvement. Strategy 15: Improved coordination and communication with relevant government authorities in forestry and agriculture sector

Program 5. Encourage ecological sustainability Objective 9: To strengthen linkage between birds, Strategy 16: Develop comprehensive plan and projects, and biodiversity and people’s well-being through implement to link between birds, biodiversity and people’s well- mainstreaming biodiversity and ecosystem being services Objective 10: To develop institutional capacity Strategy 17: Prepare capacity development action plan and on advocacy to engage with and influence the implement to strengthen LCGs, BCN and other relevant stakeholders government and key decision makers to engage and influence the policy and decision makers of the related Government organization and key stakeholder particularly in ecological sustainability of IBAs/KBAs and other critical habitat. Strategy 18: Build and strengthen networks of key stakeholders Strategy 19: Develop and disseminate BCN position papers Strategy 20: Regular progress monitoring BIRD CONSERVATION NEPAL 47 ANNUAL REPORT 2018-19 Great Tit © Jyotendra Jyu Thakuri Tit Great