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Boko Haram Beyond the Headlines: Analyses of Africa’S Enduring Insurgency
Boko Haram Beyond the Headlines: Analyses of Africa’s Enduring Insurgency Editor: Jacob Zenn Boko Haram Beyond the Headlines: Analyses of Africa’s Enduring Insurgency Jacob Zenn (Editor) Abdulbasit Kassim Elizabeth Pearson Atta Barkindo Idayat Hassan Zacharias Pieri Omar Mahmoud Combating Terrorism Center at West Point United States Military Academy www.ctc.usma.edu The views expressed in this report are the authors’ and do not necessarily reflect those of the Combating Terrorism Center, United States Military Academy, Department of Defense, or U.S. Government. May 2018 Cover Photo: A group of Boko Haram fighters line up in this still taken from a propaganda video dated March 31, 2016. COMBATING TERRORISM CENTER ACKNOWLEDGMENTS Director The editor thanks colleagues at the Combating Terrorism Center at West Point (CTC), all of whom supported this endeavor by proposing the idea to carry out a LTC Bryan Price, Ph.D. report on Boko Haram and working with the editor and contributors to see the Deputy Director project to its rightful end. In this regard, I thank especially Brian Dodwell, Dan- iel Milton, Jason Warner, Kristina Hummel, and Larisa Baste, who all directly Brian Dodwell collaborated on the report. I also thank the two peer reviewers, Brandon Kend- hammer and Matthew Page, for their input and valuable feedback without which Research Director we could not have completed this project up to such a high standard. There were Dr. Daniel Milton numerous other leaders and experts at the CTC who assisted with this project behind-the-scenes, and I thank them, too. Distinguished Chair Most importantly, we would like to dedicate this volume to all those whose lives LTG (Ret) Dell Dailey have been afected by conflict and to those who have devoted their lives to seeking Class of 1987 Senior Fellow peace and justice. -
Phase 2 Environmental Impact Assessment On-Site Mine Process
Tasiast Mauritanie Limited SA Tasiast Gold Mine Expansion Project Phase 2: On-Site Mine, Process and Infrastructure Environmental Impact Assessment Final 30 March 2012 Prepared for Prepared for Tasiast Mauritanie Limited SA Tasiast Gold Mine Expansion Project Revision Schedule Phase 2 Environmental Impact Assessment 30 March 2012 Final Rev Date Details Prepared by Reviewed by Approved by 01 21/12/2011 Draft for review Reine Loader Julie Raynor Russell Foxwell Environmental Consultant Associate Associate Fraser Paterson Associate 02 01/03/2012 Draft for Reine Loader Julie Raynor Russell Foxwell translation Environmental Consultant Associate Associate Fraser Paterson Associate 03 30/03/2012 FINAL Reine Loader Fraser Paterson Russell Foxwell Environmental Consultant Associate Associate URS Infrastructure & Environment UK Limited 6-8 Greencoat Place London SW1P 1PL United Kingdom Tel +44 (0) 20 7798 5000 Fax +44 (0) 20 7798 5001 www.ursglobal.com Tasiast Mauritanie Limited SA Tasiast Gold Mine Expansion Project Limitations URS Infrastructure & Environment UK Limited (“URS”) (formerly URS Scott Wilson Ltd) has prepared this Report for the use of Tasiast Mauritanie Limited SA (“Client”) in accordance with the Agreement under which our services were performed. No other warranty, expressed or implied, is made as to the professional advice included in this Report or any other services provided by URS. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary, URS acknowledge that the Report may be disclosed by the Client to any third party, including members of the public for the specific purposes which have been advised to URS. URS shall not have any liability to any third parties for the unauthorised copying and any subsequent reliance on this Report. -
Assessment of States' Response to the September
i ASSESSMENT OF STATES’ RESPONSE TO THE SEPTEMBER 11, 2001TERROR ATTACK IN THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA AND THE NIGERIAN PERSPECTIVE BY EMEKA C. ADIBE REG NO: PG/Ph.D/13/66801 UNIVERSITY OF NIGERIA FACULTY OF LAW DEPARMENT OF INTERNATIONAL LAW AND JURISPRUDENCE AUGUST, 2018 ii TITLE PAGE ASSESSMENT OF STATES’ RESPONSETO THE SEPTEMBER 11, 2001TERROR ATTACK IN THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA AND THE NIGERIAN PERSPECTIVE BY EMEKA C. ADIBE REG. NO: PG/Ph.D/13/66801 SUBMITTED IN FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE AWARD OF THE DEGREE OF DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY IN LAW IN THE DEPARMENT OF INTERNATIONAL LAW AND JURISPRUDENCE, FACULTY OF LAW, UNIVERSITY OF NIGERIA SUPERVISOR: PROF JOY NGOZI EZEILO (OON) AUGUST, 2018 iii CERTIFICATION This is to certify that this research was carried out by Emeka C. Adibe, a post graduate student in Department of International law and Jurisprudence with registration number PG/Ph.D/13/66801. This work is original and has not been submitted in part or full for the award of any degree in this or any other institution. ---------------------------------- ------------------------------- ADIBE, Emeka C. Date (Student) --------------------------------- ------------------------------- Prof. Joy Ngozi Ezeilo (OON) Date (Supervisor) ------------------------------- ------------------------------- Dr. Emmanuel Onyeabor Date (Head of Department) ------------------------------------- ------------------------------- Prof. Joy Ngozi Ezeilo (OON) Date (Dean, Faculty of Law) iv DEDICATION To all Victims of Terrorism all over the World. v ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS Gratitude is owned to God in and out of season and especially on the completion of such a project as this, bearing in mind that a Ph.D. research is a preserve of only those privileged by God who alone makes it possible by his gift of good health, perseverance and analytic skills. -
The Counterinsurgency Campaign of the Nigerian Army: the Fight
The Counterinsurgency Campaign of the Nigerian Army: The Fight against the Boko-Haram Insurgency in North-East Nigeria, 1999-2017 Gilbert La’ankwap Yalmi Department of Politics and Contemporary History School of Arts and Media, University of Salford, Manchester, UK Supervisors Dr Samantha Newbery Professor Searle Alaric Submitted in Partial Fulfilment of the Requirements of the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy September 2020 TABLE OF CONTENTS TABLE OF CONTENTS ....................................................................................... i List of Figures ...................................................................................................... iv Acknowledgements.............................................................................................. v Dedication ........................................................................................................... vi Abbreviations ....................................................................................................vii Abstract ................................................................................................................ x INTRODUCTION ................................................................................................ 1 Gaps in the Literature and Opportunities for New Research ............................ 2 Statement of the Problem ................................................................................... 7 Objective and Significance ............................................................................... -
SENATE of the FEDERAL REPUBLIC of NIGERIA VOTES and PROCEEDINGS Tuesday, 9Th June, 2015
8TH NATIONAL ASSEMBLY FIRST SESSION No.1 1 SENATE OF THE FEDERAL REPUBLIC OF NIGERIA VOTES AND PROCEEDINGS Tuesday, 9th June, 2015 1. The Senate met at 10: 00 a.m. pursuant to the proclamation by the President of the Federal Republic of Nigeria, Muhammadu Bubari. //·····\;·n~l'. 1r) I" .,"-~~:~;;u~~;~)'::.Y1 PRESIDENT, FEDERAL REPUBLIC OF NIGERIA Your Excellency, PROCLAMATION FOR THE HOLDING OF THE FIRST SESSION OF THE NATIONAL ASSEMBLY WHEREASit is provided in Section 64(3) of the Constitution of the Federal Republic of Nigeria, 1999 (As Amended) that the person Elected as President shall have power to issue a proclamation for the holding of the First Session of the National Assembly immediately after his being sworn-in. NOW,mEREFORE,I Muhammadu Buhari, President, Commander-in-Chief of the Armed Forces of the Federal Republic of Nigeria, in exercise of thepowers bestowed upon me by Section (64) aforesaid, and of all other powers enabling me in that behalf hereby proclaim that the First Session of the eight (8h) National Assembly shall hold at 10.00 a.m. on Tuesday, 9th June, 2015 in the National Assembly, Abuja. Given under my hand and the Public Seal of the Federal Republic of Nigeria at Abuja, this P Day of June, 2015. Yours Sincerely, (Signed) Muhammadu Buhari President, Commander-in-Chief of the Armed Forces Federal Republic of Nigeria 2. At 10.04 a.m. the Clerk to the National Assembly called the Senate to order and informed Senators-Elect that writs had been received in respect of the elections held on 28th March, 2015 in accordance with the Constitution. -
Special Feature the Lake Chad Basin
Special feature Number 70 October 2017 Humanitarian The Lake Chad Basin: Exchange an overlooked crisis? Humanitarian Exchange Number 70 October 2017 About HPN Contents 21. Integrating civilian protection into Nigerian military policy and practice The Humanitarian Practice Network 05. Chitra Nagarajan at the Overseas Development The Lake Chad crisis: drivers, responses Institute is an independent forum and ways forward 24. where field workers, managers and Toby Lanzer policymakers in the humanitarian Sexual violence and the Boko Haram sector share information, analysis and 07. crisis in north-east Nigeria experience. The views and opinions Joe Read expressed in HPN’s publications do The evolution and impact of Boko Haram in the Lake Chad Basin not necessarily state or reflect those of 27. Virginia Comolli the Humanitarian Policy Group or the Mental health and psychosocial needs Overseas Development Institute. and response in conflict-affected areas 10. of north-east Nigeria A collective shame: the response to the Luana Giardinelli humanitarian crisis in north-eastern Nigeria 30. Patricia McIlreavy and Julien Schopp The challenges of emergency response in Cameroon’s Far North: humanitarian 13. response in a mixed IDP/refugee setting A square peg in a round hole: the politics Sara Karimbhoy of disaster management in north- eastern Nigeria 33. Virginie Roiron Adaptive humanitarian programming in Diffa, Niger Cover photo: Zainab Tijani, 20, a Nigerian refugee 16. Matias Meier recently returned from Cameroon in the home she shares with her family in the town of Banki, Nigeria, 2017 State governance and coordination of © UNHCR the humanitarian response in north-east Nigeria Zainab Murtala and Bashir Abubakar 17. -
World Bank Document
Document of The World Bank FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY Public Disclosure Authorized Report No: 75030-MR INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT ASSOCIATION INTERNATIONAL FINANCE CORPORATION AND MULTILATERAL INVESTMENT GUARANTEE AGENCY Public Disclosure Authorized COUNTRY PARTNERSHIP STRATEGY (FY2014-2016) FOR THE ISLAMIC REPUBLIC OF MAURITANIA September 5, 2013 Public Disclosure Authorized Country Department AFCF1 Africa Region International Development Association International Finance Corporation Africa Region Multilateral Investment Guarantee Agency This document has a restricted distribution and may be used by recipient only in the performance of their official duties. Its contents may not otherwise be disclosed without World Bank authorization. Public Disclosure Authorized The date of the previous IDA Country Assistance Strategy for Mauritania (Report No. 39532-MR) was June 14, 2007. CURRENCY EQUIVALENTS (As of 30 November 2012) Currency Unit: Mauritanian Ouguiya UM 1 UM = US$0.0033 1.52US $ = SDR1 0.654950 FISCAL YEAR 01 January – 31 December WEIGHTS AND MEASURES Metric System ABBREVIATIONS AND ACRONYMS AAA Analytical and Advisory Activities ACE Africa Coast to Europe Submarine Cable AFD Agence Française de Développement (French Development Agency) AfDB African Development Bank AIDS Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome APL Adaptable Program Loan AQMI Al Qaeda in the Islamic Maghreb BCM Banque Centrale de Mauritanie (Central Bank of Mauritania) BEEP Business Environment Enhancement Project CAS Country Assistance Strategy CASCR Country Assistance Strategy -
Pressing the Undo Button; a Policy Gap Analysis of Ghana's Minerals
Avenue D, Hse. No. 119 D, North Legon MAY, 2016 | REPORT P. O. Box CT2121 Cantonment, Accra-Ghana Tel: 030-290 0730 PRESSING THE UNDO BUTTON facebook: Africa Centre for Energy Policy twitter@AcepPower A POLICY GAP ANALYSIS OF GHANA’S MINERALS AND MINING SECTOR www.acepghana.com TO OPTIMIZE GAINS FROM THE SHEINI IRON ORE WEALTH SUPPORTED BY: Created by iONE +233.24.305.9983 Inset: A map of Ghana showing the location of the Sheini iron ore mine 1 Executive Summary In the quest to improve the existing narrative contractual terms. While the Sheini iron ore of the impacts of Ghana’s mining sector on the grade is known, this knowledge was unilaterally sustainable development of host communities generated by the contractor. That there is no and the nation as a whole, the discovery of iron mechanism for parallel verification of this ore mine in commercial quantities at Sheini in the information by the government potentially Northern Region of Ghana presents an opportunity weakens government’s negotiation capacity to review Ghana’s mining sector laws and policies with prospective contractors to develop the to identify gaps, and provide recommendations that mine. It is important that government gets a can achieve transformative effects of the mineral’s second opinion about Sheini iron ore grade extraction. This report does precisely so. The before any block is awarded for development. minerals and mining sector policies of Ghana were The Government of Ghana should also put compared against global and regional standards – in place the necessary strategic investment specifically the NRGI’s precepts along the decision attraction mechanisms to get the mine value chain, and the tenets of the Africa Mining developed. -
Examining the Boko Haram Insurgency in Northern
Global Journal of Arts, Humanities and Social Sciences Vol.3, No.8, pp.32-45, August 2015 ___Published by European Centre for Research Training and Development UK (www.eajournals.org) EXAMINING THE BOKO HARAM INSURGENCY IN NORTHERN NIGERIA AND THE QUEST FOR A PERMANENT RESOLUTION OF THE CRISIS Joseph Olukayode Akinbi (Ph.D) Department of History, Adeyemi Federal University of Education P.M.B 520, Ondo, Ondo State, Nigeria ABSTRACT: The state of insecurity engendered by Boko Haram insurgency in Nigeria, especially in the North-Eastern part of the country is quiet worrisome, disheartening and alarming. Terrorist attacks of the Boko Haram sect have resulted in the killing of countless number of innocent people and wanton destruction of properties that worth billions of naira through bombings. More worrisome however, is the fact that all the efforts of the Nigerian government to curtail the activities of the sect have not yielded any meaningful positive result. Thus, the Boko Haram scourge remains intractable to the government who appears helpless in curtailing/curbing their activities. The dynamics and sophistication of the Boko Haram operations have raised fundamental questions about national security, governance issue and Nigeria’s corporate existence. The major thrust of this paper is to investigate the Boko Haram insurgency in Northern Nigeria and to underscore the urgent need for a permanent resolution of the crisis. The paper argues that most of the circumstances that led to this insurgency are not unconnected with frustration caused by high rate of poverty, unemployment, weak governance, religious fanaticism among others. It also addresses the effects of the insurgency which among others include serious threat to national interest, peace and security, internal population displacement, violation of fundamental human rights, debilitating effects on the entrenchment of democratic principles in Nigeria among others. -
Estudio Geológico Y Metalogenético Del Basamento Precámbrico Del Sáhara Occidental
Estudio Geológico y Metalogenético del Basamento Precámbrico del Sáhara Occidental Saleh Lehbib Nayem ADVERTIMENT. La consulta d’aquesta tesi queda condicionada a l’acceptació de les següents condicions d'ús: La difusió d’aquesta tesi per mitjà del servei TDX (www.tdx.cat) i a través del Dipòsit Digital de la UB (diposit.ub.edu) ha estat autoritzada pels titulars dels drets de propietat intel·lectual únicament per a usos privats emmarcats en activitats d’investigació i docència. No s’autoritza la seva reproducció amb finalitats de lucre ni la seva difusió i posada a disposició des d’un lloc aliè al servei TDX ni al Dipòsit Digital de la UB. No s’autoritza la presentació del seu contingut en una finestra o marc aliè a TDX o al Dipòsit Digital de la UB (framing). Aquesta reserva de drets afecta tant al resum de presentació de la tesi com als seus continguts. En la utilització o cita de parts de la tesi és obligat indicar el nom de la persona autora. ADVERTENCIA. La consulta de esta tesis queda condicionada a la aceptación de las siguientes condiciones de uso: La difusión de esta tesis por medio del servicio TDR (www.tdx.cat) y a través del Repositorio Digital de la UB (diposit.ub.edu) ha sido autorizada por los titulares de los derechos de propiedad intelectual únicamente para usos privados enmarcados en actividades de investigación y docencia. No se autoriza su reproducción con finalidades de lucro ni su difusión y puesta a disposición desde un sitio ajeno al servicio TDR o al Repositorio Digital de la UB. -
Bibliography of Boko Haram 25 June 2014
“Boko Haram – An annotated Bibliography”, [email protected] 1 “Boko Haram – An Annotated Bibliography” Stuart Elden, Department oF Politics and International Studies, University oF Warwick, [email protected] Created 14 February 2013; last updated 25 June 2014 - added Ayoola & Olaosun 2014; Gilbert 2014; Giroux & Gilpin 2014; Golwa & Alozieuwa 2012; Ingram 2008; Okai 2014; Onuoha 2014; Zenn 2014, Zenn & Pearson 2014. The most up-to-date version is available at Progressive Geographies Introduction This document provides an annotated bibliography oF the Nigerian group Boko Haram. The bibliography does not include newspaper or online news stories, though in the First section I do list blogs and websites that have a Fair bit oF relevant content. I’ve included links wherever possible, and indicated iF pieces are open access or require subscription – please let me know iF links are broken or the status oF a piece is wrong or has changed. Articles listed without comments are oFten oF limited use – there are some journals listed here with Fairly low editorial standards. Thank you to those who have sent me pieces or links - I’d welcome corrections and Further suggestions. Where to Start For those new to the topic, I’d suggest that Davis 2012, Mantzikos ed. 2013, Pham 2012 and Walker 2012 are the best places to start (all open access), perhaps Followed by one oF the Adesoji pieces (2010 [open access], 2011), articles in Busher ed. 2014 (open access), Elkaim 2012 (open access), Oyeniyi 2014 and something by Agbiboa (maybe 2013d [open access] or 2014). If you only read one (Fairly long) piece, I’d suggest International Crisis Group 2014 (open access). -
European Journal of Education Studies
European Journal of Education Studies ISSN: 2501 - 1111 ISSN-L: 2501 - 1111 Available on-line at: www.oapub.org/edu doi: 10.5281/zenodo.1116989 Volume 3 │ Issue 12 │ 2017 BOKO HARAM INSURGENCY: A THREAT TO THE GIRL-CHILD’S ACCESS TO EDUCATION IN THE NORTHEAST OF NIGERIA Amos Williams1i, Jacob Istifanus2 1PhD, Directorate of Learner Support Services, National Open University of Nigeria, Abuja, Nigeria 2Faculty of Sciences, National Open University of Nigeria, Abuja, Nigeria Abstract: Ensuring access to quality education for girls across the globe is crucial to sustainable development. Several barriers such as poverty, gender inequality, poor infrastructures, insecurity, etc. are known to impede the realization of girls’ right to education. These issues are further aggravated by armed conflicts such as the Boko Haram insurgency. This study investigated the threat posed by the Boko Haram insurgency on the girl- child’s access and inclusion in education in the North-eastern part of Nigeria. The study answered a research question and tested a research hypothesis. The target population was the Northeast of Nigeria. The sample for the study was drawn from Adamawa state. The sample size was 180 teachers randomly sampled from public primary and secondary schools in the three senatorial zones in the state. A ten item Likert scale designed by the researchers was used to collect data. The instrument was validated by experts in Test and Measurement and the reliability of the instrument was determined through test-retest method of testing reliability. A Crombach alpha correlation coefficient of .67 was obtained. The data collected were analysed using descriptive statistics and Chi square test.