2019 Annual Report

2019

ANNUAL REPORT Tribute to Hubert Cain

Hubert Cain passed away on December 29, 2019 in Paris, aged 90. He was buried at the Cemetery of Montmartre on Friday the 3rd of January, with his family and loved ones in attendance, including Serge et Beate Klarsfeld, Director of the Foundation for the Memory of the Shoah Philippe Allouche as well as employees and representatives of the Board of the Memorial, among which President Éric de Rothschild, Vice-President François Heilbronn, and Director Jacques Fredj.

A former engineer of the Mines school and Honorary Director of the Snecma, Hubert Cain got involved together with his wife Larissa in the work of Serge et Beate Klarsfeld as early as the 1970s, before the Association of the Sons and Daughters of the Deported Jews of France was even created. In the 1990s, he gets involved in the work of the Memorial with Serge Klarsfeld. In 1992, on the latter’s and Jean Corcos’ initiative, he contributes to the conceptualization and mobility of the retrospective In the time of the raids in partnership with the Memorial and the CDJC, inaugurated on March 27, 1992 at the Paris City Hall by Jacques Chirac, for the 50th anniversary of the departure of the first freight train to leave France in 1942. As Deputy Secretary General of the Memorial, then Treasurer, Hubert Cain supported the evolution of the Memorial for more than 30 years with rigor, professionalism, determination, devotion, much availability and humility.

Ever positive and enthusiastic, Hubert Cain was also warm and deeply human in his interactions with others.

The President, Board and employees pay tribute to the memory of this activist of the memory without whom the Memorial would not be what it is today.

Activity Report Printed brochure: ISSN 2607-5563 Online brochure: ISSN 2608-242X © Shoah Memorial, Paris, 2020

Shoah Memorial Officially recognized non-profit foundation in France President of the Shoah Memorial: Éric de Rothschild Siren 784 243 784

17 Rxue Geoffroy l’Asnier / 75004 Paris Hubert Cain and his wife Larissa at the Shoah Memorial in 2015. [email protected] © Photo: Jean Marc Lebaz. www.memorialdelashoah.org ÉDITORIAL EDITORIAL et ravis que le Cercil ait rejoint le ait rejoint que le Cercil et ravis Mémorial. activité de notre développement Le représente qui pédagogique de 50% de notre près aujourd’hui plusieurs depuis En effet, budget. un est devenu le Mémorial années, l’éducation pour du combat acteur la et contre l’antisémitisme contre qui les armes avec de l’autre, haine de l’éducation : celles les nôtres sont de travail Ce de l’Histoire. et celles dans l’accomplissons nous terrain, les dans et notamment France la toute sensibles. zones • et d’évoluer cesse ne Mémorial Le ceci création, sa après ans 76 d’avancer société de la des besoins en fonction en restant tout il travaille, laquelle dans nos par définie la mission fidèle à fondateurs. réalise se ne travail formidable ce Tout bénévoles, aux personnel, au que grâce ici du que je remercie donateurs aux reconnaissance une Ayez du cœur. fond et grands ces pour particulière toute qui ont de l’enfer, rescapés amis, chers de témoigner. courage et le volonté la l’un des outils sont témoignages Ces contre lutte cette dans efficaces les plus l’antisémitisme. Éric de Rothschild Shoah de la du Mémorial Président The Memorial is evolving and making making and evolving is Memorial The by creation, its after 77 years progress of society needs shifting the to adapting out set mission the to true staying while founders. its by be would work amazing of this None volunteers staff, our without possible the from I thank whom donors, and us be especially Let heart. of my bottom friends dear and great our to grateful and willingness great show who hell the about in testifying courage a time at And endured. have they that increasingly grow witnesses such when of responsibility and duty the scarce, important more the all are Memorial the the down passing and in preserving Holocaust. the of history Éric de Rothschild Memorial Shoah of the President 1 commemoration of the of the commemoration th ditorial Une fréquentation en hausse de en hausse fréquentation Une une après de 10% en 2017, plus de de 20% en 2018. Plus augmentation et, si on inclut à Paris 282 000 visiteurs les murs, hors activités et nos le Cercil qui personnes de 470 000 plus c’est éducatif en contact sont ou visitent le Mémorial. avec qui temporaires Des expositions August succès : un grand ont connu et Klarsfeld et Serge , Beate Sander . d’artistes Regards le Cercil avec rapprochement Un du des enfants Mémorial - Musée et de d’études (centre Vél’d’Hiv des camps l’histoire sur recherches en créé du Loiret), d’internement Mouchard d’Hélène à l’initiative 1992 Zay, Jean fille du ministre la Zay, la par en 1944 assassiné cruellement de travail, des années Après Milice. alors Zay, Mouchard en 2011, Hélène un à établir a réussi présidente, dédié à à Orléans Mémorial musée du d’internement des camps l’histoire et des Mairie de la l’aide avec Loiret honorés sommes . Nous collectivités genocide against the Tutsi was was Tutsi the against genocide exhibitions, five through highlighted the at a cycle partnerships, new three a communications and auditorium Memorial; the by initiated campaign testimonies, screenings, cycles, the other many and commemorations an audience attracted events enthusiastic, ever proved that in partake to willing and curious made of remembrance work the Memorial. the by possible attendance rose by more than 15% than more by rose attendance visitors of 321,705 a total to in 2019, more and Drancy, and in Paris in part people took 376,000 than Memorial the by organized events walls; its beyond within and were exhibitions temporary the The Art particularly successful, highly the Occupation; under Market on the works renovation started we of the update the and of Names Wall the to on it, thanks inscribed names by out carried work research thorough Department; Archives the Shoah of the first Generations the than more together brought Forum over all from ages 600 people of all and abroad;France the 25 É dense riche, année une 2018 fut L’année le Mémorial. pour d’espoir et pleine qui se les évènements tous Parmi plus sont certains succédé, sont que d’autres, essentiels plus importants, : notamment • • •

· Editorial with emotions filled was 2019 year The different between interactions and are Here audiences. and generations highlights: key of the some · · · · · Éric de Rothschild. © DR. Éric de Rothschild © DR. 2019 in numbers

attendance · more than 80,000 people took part in · 8,529 people attended events in the educational activities offered by the auditorium (8,387 en 2018) · 321,705 visitors in Paris and Drancy Memorial in Paris and Drancy, and in 2019 (versus 282,732 in 2018) 92,000 throughout France · 400 people used the audiovisual archives center (400 in 2018) · 22,866 at the Cercil · 2,966 school groups went on tours (2,019 at the Paris Memorial and · 5,528 readers came to the reading · 192,302 people visited temporary 436 in Drancy) room (7,389 in 2018) exhibitions in Paris and Drancy, pages were viewed on the and 31,684 visited traveling · 7,353 professionnals received training · 898,469 exhibitions in France and abroad (versus 9,491 in 2018), including Memorial’s websites 5,591 teachers throughout France · around 344,600 people visited our (versus 5,268 in 2018) and sites and a total of around 376,000 893 police academy cadets people took part in events organized (versus 1,557 in 2018) by the Memorial

total number of visitors at the Shoah Memorial 321,705 2019 IN NUMBERS (34,152 Drancy, 287,553 Paris) no. of visitors

310,000

300,000 282,732 (28,836 Drancy, 290,000 253,896 Paris) 280,000

270,000 257,239 (28,305 Drancy, 260,000 228,934 Paris)

250,000

240,000 227,410 224,970 (24,910 Drancy, (23,370 Drancy, 230,000 219,000 202,500 Paris) (17,000 Drancy, 201,600 Paris) 212,421 (24,344 Drancy, 220,000 202,000 Paris) 188,077 Paris) 210,000 205,860 200,249 200,000

190,000

2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019

2 activities archives and collections visibility

· 8 new temporary exhibitions · 15,772 images, 503 films, · 2,098 mentions or were created by the team at 1,698,989 pages of documents and articles in the media the Paris Shoah Memorial 9,715 books and periodicals were acquired in 2019 · 548,554 visits and · 103 venues hosted traveling 1,408,491 total page views exhibitions in France and abroad · 197 projects (books, exhibitions, for all sites and films...) used photographs from the 69.75% new visitors · 137 teacher training courses, Memorial’s collection in 2019 32 for primary and · 27,155 likes on Facebook, 105 for secondary schools · 7,520 documents were made 10,200 followers on Twitter, available in the reading room 3,200 followers on Instagram · 108 events in the auditorium · noteworthy acquisitions: Serge · 230,000 brochures distributed in the · 8 major commemorations were and Beate Klarsfeld gifted the Île-de-France tourism network 2019 IN NUMBERS organized and Memorial 1,200 boxes of archives 16 ceremonies in remembrance of · a multimedia campain was dedicated those deported in 1943 to the Drancy Shoah Memorial using the catchphrase “Paris-Drancy, 12 km, · 35 study trips and journeys of Drancy-Auschwitz 1,220 km” for the remembrance from Paris and various second time along metro platforms, regions, most to Auschwitz, with on buses in the 93 department, in 3,518 participants (individuals, stations and in movie theatres students and teachers) · a multimedia campaign for · 530 off-site workshops each temporary exhibition were held in schools · 35 film shoots · 26 trainings sessions were held abroad with 2,100 teachers involved in 11 countries, in Europe and Rwanda

2019 highlights

Minister of Culture Franck Riester (center) visits the exhibition The Art Market under the Occupation on the night of its inauguration, with former Prime Minister Laurent Fabius (left) and Scientific Curator and Art Historian Emmanuelle Polack (right). © Shoah Memorial / Photo: Michel Isaac. Temporary exhibitions

The Internment of the Nomads, a French Story 13,523 (1940-1946) November 14, 2018 – March 17, 2019 visitors (between January and March 2019) From October 1940 to May 1946, more than 6,500 people, mostly French, including a large number of children, were interned in more than 30 camps for nomads throughout France. In October 2016, President François Jérôme Bonin, president of the Memorial of France’s Nomads, at the opening of the exhibition. Hollande, in a speech at the site of the © Shoah Memorial / Photo: Michel Isaac. Montreuil-Bellay camp, acknowledged the responsability of the French Through Artists’ Eyes Republic in what are remembered as December 12, 2018 dark times in the country’s history. – February 10, 2019

With this exhibition, the Shoah In the 1970s, many contemporary artists Memorial shed light on France’s policy began focusing on the Holocaust. between 1939 and 1946 aimed at those Looking at genocide and, beyond that,

2019 HIGHLIGHTS whom its laws referred to as Nomads. the disappearance of the individual, Although different from Germany’s they questioned how memory is policy towards “Zigeuner” (Gypsies) depicted. The Shoah Memorial often in the rest of Europe, this was one of asks them to share their work with its the most dramatic episodes in France visitors. Their point of view seems during the World War II, a terrible so vital to the efforts of transmission chapter that was long overlooked. carried out by the Memorial’s teams that several important works appear Scientific committee: Ilsen About, Researcher at the CNRS, Centre Georges Simmel, EHESS; Henriette throughout the permanent exhibition. Asséo, Professor at EHESS, Member of the Executive This show featured works by Sylvie Committee of Gypsy studies at Paris-Descartes Entre l’écoute et la parole. Derniers témoins, University; Jérôme Bonin, President of the Memorial Blocher, Arnaud Cohen, Natacha Nisic Auschwitz 1945-2005, by Esther Shalev-Gerz. of France’s Nomads; Alexandre Doulut, Historian, PhD and Esther Shalev-Gerz as well as a © Shoah Memorial / Photo: Michel Isaac. Candidate at Paris 1 University; Emmanuel Filhol, project by Christian Delage on the Teacher and Researcher at Bordeaux 1 University; Monique Heddebaut, Historian; Marie-Christine Hubert, shifting testimony of Simon Srebnik, Historian and Archivist; Théophile Leroy, Agrégé who survived the Sonderkommando History Teacher. at the Chelmno camp. In partnership with the association Memorial of France’s Nomads. 6,114 Curator: Sophie Nagiscarde visitors (between January and February 2019) 6 The Art Market under paradigms of a prosperous art market in the context of the persecution and the Occupation deportation of France’s Jews by the 63,151 March 21 – November 3, 2019 then national-socialist regime aided by visitors During World War II, the art market in the Vichy regime. The Shoah Memorial France flourished. The sale, trafficking looked into the societal stakes linked to and exchange of often high-priced the transfer of cultural objects during works of art impacted the trajectory of that time, their origins and the means works belonging to Jewish families. used to look for them.

Similarly, many players in the art Scientific committee: market, stigmatized because they Emmanuelle Polack, Art Historian were deemed to belong to the “Jewish General committee and coordination: Marie-Édith Agostini, assisted by race”, were hard hit by anti-Semitic Diane Royer, Shoah Memorial laws. This exhibition showed how the Display design: Ramy Fischler history of artistic taste would evolve then under the influence of Germany’s President of the Shoah Memorial Éric de nazi arts-related policy. Through Rothschild at the opening of the exhibition specific examples, it shed light on the The Art Market under the Occupation. © Shoah Memorial. 2019 HIGHLIGHTS

7 80,000 visitors Rwanda 1994, Partnership agreement our Story? signed in Rwanda April 4 – January 5, 2019 The Shoah Memorial signed a scientific In Rwanda, from April to July 1994, and cultural partnership agreement the XXth century ended with one last with the National Commission for the genocide, one more: that of the Tutsi. Fight Against Genocide and Ejo Hacu Men, women and children were tracked (literary residence for the survivors down and murdered, all part of a of the genocide) with plans to share frighteningly efficient extermination archives and trainings for professionals, enterprise. Close to one million victims as well as with Ibuka Rwanda. perished in less than three months. Twenty-five years on, a thick veil of clichés, denial and ignorance still weighs heavy on this historical event. In the exhibition Rwanda 1994, our Story?, two distinct spaces showed the extent of the knowledge acquired

2019 HIGHLIGHTS on the genocide against the Tutsi. Far from suggesting some sort of African exoticism, the latter is rooted in the long-held racial ideology derived from XIXth-century Europe. This intellectual history of racism runs parallel to another kind of story based on new sources: through the voice of children (their handwriting and their drawings), the genocide is revealed in its most brutal realness. The exhibition thus focused on knowledge through which to bridge the gap that too often keeps us at a distance from this major event of our recent history.

Scientific committee: Display in the exhibition Rwanda 1994, our Story? Marcel Kabanda, Director of the association Ibuka Hélène Dumas, Researcher at the CNRS, © Shoah Memorial / Photo: Colombe Clier. France, and Jacques Fredj, Director of the Shoah Institut d’histoire du temps présent (IHTP) Memorial, at the signing of the scientific and Coordination: cultural partnership agreement with the National Sophie Nagiscarde, Marine Lesage, Shoah Memorial Commission for the Fight Against Genocide and Graphic and display design: Ejo Hacu, as well as with Ibuka Rwanda. Estelle Martin © Shoah Memorial.

8 8,529 participants 108 2019 highlights events The 25th commemoration of the genocide against the Tutsi in Rwanda. Alongside the remembrance

association Ibuka France and the Paris 2019 HIGHLIGHTS City Hall, the Memorial wished to make Events a key event out of this commemoration: beside the five exhibitions (at the Alongside the exhibitions Paris and Drancy Memorials, the Paris City Hall, the Centre de la mémoire The 2019 event line-up revolved in Oradour-sur-Glane, and at the around a few main themes, namely UN), a cycle at the auditorium and the exhibitions and commemorations: a communications campaign by the the end of the cycle dedicated to Memorial resulted in a large number of The Internment of the Nomads in visitors and significant media coverage. France between 1940 and 1946, The Art Market under the Occupation, the th The showings of the Serge and Beate 25 commemoration of the genocide Klarsfeld, Fighting for Memory 1968- against the Tutsi in Rwanda, the 1978 exhibition in Nice and Montpellier movie screening program Israël both enjoyed high visitorship. Vues d’ailleurs, and the month of the documentary film as well as premieres, The exhibition Holocaust and testimonies, commemorations and book Comics shown at the Kazerne presentations with a strong link to the Dossin (Malines) in Belgium was releases of the time. also a resounding success. Media partners of the activities Poster for Matzor by Gilberto Tofano at the Edmond J. Safra Auditorium: At the Edmond J. Safra auditorium, upon its release in 1969. The movie various premieres, testimonies was screened as part of the Israël Vues d’ailleurs movie screening program. and commemorations all attracted © Israeli Films. a range of audiences.

9 First Generations of Screenings Testimonies the Shoah Forum Next, the movie and documentary film Among the Memorial’s various More than 600 people, survivors, screenings, premieres in particular, events, testimonies are particularly resistants, hidden children, Righteous attracted the biggest crowds (La SNCF popular. For instance, Ginette and their descendants, of all sous l’Occupation with 177 people, Les Kolinka and Elie Buzyn attracted generations, came from all over France Invisibles with 140 people, La Dernière 192 et 180 listeners respectively. and even from abroad to take part d’entre elles with 154 people, Terezin, in the first Generations of the Shoah l’imposture nazie with 195 people) Noteworthy Forum from February 2 to 4, 2019. with a total of 2,190 spectators in 2019. Among friends or family, sometimes Organized in partnership with the For the first time, we dedicated an representing three generations, all were mahJ, the cycle Israël Vues d’ailleurs entire day to the fate of homosexuals concerned in some way with the history attracted 500 spectators over three days. under Nazi rule, with 144 people of the Holocaust and the duty to pass present, a success that suggests it on. There were meetings, workshops, Commemorations interest will be high for the exhibition conferences, visits, a concert: three scheduled in the years to come. beautiful days filled with experience The annual commemorations or sharing, reflection and reunions. the ones dedicated to personalities Although not entirely empty, our attracted large audiences: the homage auditorium was quieter than expected to Simone Veil, the homage to Claude Cycles based on registrations at the end of the Lanzmann, the commemoration of year because of the transport strike. Alongside the exhibitions, the cycle the Jews deported from Hungary; about the art market attracted 1,340 the Vel’ d’Hiv’ Roundup, the people and was met with great interest. Memorial of the Spanish Jews, etc.

2019 HIGHLIGHTS The Rwanda cycle brought together 828 people, and 202 joined the end of the cycle on the internment of the Nomads.

The first Generations of the Shoah Forum. Ginette Kolinka’s testimony. © Shoah Memorial / Photo: Michel Isaac. © Shoah Memorial.

10 Commemorations 75th anniversary of 27 January, Holocaust the departure of the Remembrance Day transports of the year 1944 In 2005, at the initiative of the Council Following the commemorations of Europe, the European Ministers of held in 2018, 16 ceremonies were Education adopted the declaration organized at the Shoah Memorial in designating the International Day Paris between January and August of Commemoration in Memory 2019 in remembrance of the Jews of the Victims of the Holocaust in deported from France in 1944. During schools in all member states. each ceremony, the names of the deportees of each transport were On this occasion, the three National read. These commemorations were Conferences of the Ambassadors of organized in partnership with the Memory were organized from January Foundation for the Memory of the 25 to 28. France and the UN chose th Shoah and the Association des Fils the 27 of January, which is when et Filles des déportés juifs de France the the Soviet Army discovered the 2019 HIGHLIGHTS (Association of the Sons and Auschwitz concentration camp, as Daughters of the Deported Jews of the official day of remembrance. France, FFDJF). Also on this occasion, the Shoah Ceremonies were also organized in Memorial coordinated various remembrance of deportees of the commemorative events throughout transports that left from Toulouse and the country with the support of the Lyon, with support from Onac-VG. Ministry of the Armed Forces – DPMA, 8 the National Office for Veterans and major annual Victims of War (Onac-VG) and the commemorations Foundation for the Memory of the Shoah, as well as, for pedagogical purposes, in partnership with the Œuvre nationale du Bleuet de France and a dozen institutions in charges of 16 sites of remembrance related to the ceremonies persecution, internment, deportation in memory of and extermination of the Jews of France. Jews deported in 1944

11 Yom HaShoah 76th anniversary of the 65th National Day in On the occasion of Yom HaShoah, the Warsaw Ghetto Uprising Remembrance of the day chosen by Israel to commemorate Organized in partnership with the Victims and Heroes the memory of Holocaust victims Remembrance Committee of the of the Deportation and Heroes of the Jewish Resistance Conseil Représentif des Institutions th movement during Word War II, an Juives de France (Representative For this 64 National Day in uninterrupted 24-hour-long public Council of Jewish Institutions of France, Remembrance of the Victims and st reading took place on May 1 , 2019. Crif), this ceremony consisted of prayers Heroes of the Deportation, flowers This was done under the aegis of the by Chief Rabbi Olivier Kauffmann, a were laid down in the forecourt by the Foundation for the Memory of the testimony of the uprising recounted cylinder symbolizing the chimneys of Shoah and in partnership with the with music by the Republican Guard the extermination camps. In attendance Mouvement Juif Libéral de France fanfare and songs in Yiddish by Talila. were Interior Minister Gérard Collomb, (Liberal Jewish Movement of France, Minister of State for War Veterans and MJLF), the Association des Fils et Were present Shoah Memorial Memory Geneviève Darrieussecq, Paris Filles des déportés juifs de France President Éric de Rothschild, Mayor Anne Hidalgo, Paris Deputy (Association of the Sons and Ambassador to Israel in France Aliza Mayor in charge of Memory and Daughters of the Deported Jews of Bin-Noun, Chargé d’Affaires at the Veterans Affairs Catherine Vieu-Charier, France, FFDJF), which originated the Polish Embassy Dariusz Wisniewski associations representing former event, and the Consistory of Paris. and President of the Crif Francis Kalifat. deportees et Shoah Memorial President Éric de Rothschild. An homage was Of the 76,000 names inscribed on the paid to the Shoah Memorial, then Wall of Names, those of the people to the Memorial to the Martyrs of deported aboard transports 21 to 57 Deportation, and the commemoration were read aloud, as well as the names ended with the reigniting of the 2019 HIGHLIGHTS inscribed on lists 90 and 91. Some 200 flame at the Arc de triomphe. people, former deportees, parents, volunteers, children... took turns reading the names of “those whose only legacy is their names” (Simone Veil), based on the lists derived from the Livre Mémorial de la Déportation (Memorial Book of the Deportation) by Serge Klarsfeld (published by FFDJF).

François Heilbronn, Vice-President of the Shoah Memorial and President of the Yom HaShoah Commission, during the 2019 Yom HaShoah ceremony. © Shoah Memorial / Photo: Michel Isaac.

12 Hazkarah In Remembrance of Homage to the executees Hazkarah, the ceremony in the Tunis Roundup of the Mont-Valérien remembrance of Holocaust victims This ceremony commemorates the Organized in partnership with the without a grave, took place on Tunis roundup on December 9, 1942. National Office for Veterans and October 6, 2019 with Dominique It is held in remembrance of the Victims of War (Onac-VG) and the Schnapper, Sociologist, Honorary roundup’s deportees sent to European Association des Fils et Filles des Member of the Constitutional Council extermination camps and the déportés juifs de France (Association and President of the Musée d’Art et victims who died in work camps of the Sons and Daughters of the d’Histoire du Judaïsme (Museum of set up by the Nazis on Tunisian Deported Jews of France, FFDJF), this Art and History of Judaism, mahJ). soil. Organized with the Société de ceremony marked the 78th anniversary l’histoire des Juifs de Tunisie (Jews of the execution of 75 hostages on of Tunisia History Society, SHJT), December 15, 1941. The ceremony was it took place on December 8, 2019 preceded in the morning by a thematic at the Shoah Memorial in Paris with visit of the Mont-Valérien by the Onac- government representatives, diplomatic VG dedicated to the hostages, and in representatives from Tunisia and the afternoon by a panel discussion at Israel in France, and various religious, the Shoah Memorial auditorium. civil and military personalities. 2019 HIGHLIGHTS

Shoah Memorial President Éric de Rothschild during the commemoration of the Warsaw Ghetto Uprising. © Shoah Memorial / Photo: Michel Isaac.

13 Book Fair Titled The Book as a Witness, the third edition of the Memorial’s Book Fair put even more emphasis on testimonies: life stories and tales of survival, essays and literary works, but also poetry as an act of resistance and overcoming of the disaster. For three days, the Memorial welcomed writers, researchers, comedians and musicians who shared about new publications that contribute in a variety of ways to passing on the memory of the Holocaust. Galas Michel Lussey, Daniel Goldenberg and Gérard Darmon at a signing of On October 17, 2019, Paris Mayor Anne their books at the Memorial’s bookshop during the Memorial’s Book Fair. © Shoah Memorial / Photo: Colombe Clier. Hidalgo and Shoah Memorial President Éric de Rothschild invited close to 300 people to a fund-raising dinner for the Memorial at the Paris City Hall.

2019 HIGHLIGHTS Raphaël Enthoven was the guest of honor of this evening organized to raise funds for the collection work and preservation of archives, for educational activities for younger generations and for training programs for teachers.

The Shoah Memorial also organized its annual benefit concert at the Théâtre des Champs-Élysées to raise some of the funds needed for its day-to-day operations. The concert took place on November 27, 2019, with soprano Hila Baggio and the Jerusalem Quartet (Alexander Pavlovsky and Sergei Bresler on violin, Ori Kam on viola, and Kyril Zlotnikov on cello) who played works by Erwin Raphaël Enthoven, guest of honor of the 2019 fund-raising dinner in support of the Memorial. Schulhoff, Leonid Desyatnikov © Shoah Memorial / Photo: Michel Isaac. and Erich Wolfgang Korngold.

14 Republican contemplation In reaction to the proliferation of anti-Semitic incidents in France, President Emmanuel Macron, President of the National Assembly Richard Ferrand and President of the Senate Gérard Larcher shared in a moment of contemplation on February 19, 2019 at the crypt of the Shoah Memorial, “a symbolic gesture” to “express their solidarity with France’s Jewish community” and “reiterate their commitment to the values of the Republic.” President Éric de Rothschild welcomed them, after which they stopped by the Gérard Larcher, Emmanuel Macron and Richard Ferrand share in a moment of contemplation at the crypt. Wall of Names and interacted with © Shoah Memorial / Photo: Michel Isaac. 2019 HIGHLIGHTS representatives of the Memorial.

New partnership with the Government On the occasion of the National Week for Education and Actions against Racism and Antisemitism, Prime Minister Édouard Philippe and Minister for Education Jean-Michel Blanquer signed a new three-year partnership agreement with the Memorial on March 18, 2019. This renewed support from the Governement will allow the Memorial to ramp up its educational Jean-Michel Blanquer, Édouard Phlippe and Éric de Rothschild sign the new three-year partnership agreement. © Shoah Memorial / Photo: Michel Isaac. and training programs, especially those geared toward schools.

Handing down

High-school students visit the Memorial. © Shoah Memorial / Photo: Colombo Clier. 80,000 66,885 and over throughout France people in groups Citizenship courses for Memory, Citizenship, Youth) of in Paris and Drancy, Saint-Maur-des-Fossés, the Association Two citizenship courses designed des médecins israélites de France for people found guilty of racist or (Association of France’s Israelite For the anti-Semitic acts took place in 2019, Doctors), or as part of the partnership one in Paris in conjunction with with the Union des déportés general public the prosecutor’s office for minors, d’Auschwitz (Union of Auschwitz the other in Lyon, pursuant to Deportees), with the school districts of agreements signed with the Paris Paris and with the association Langage Workshops district court in 2014 and the Lyon de femmes (Women’s Language). appeals court in 2016, respectively. Four workshops for children aged nine Convention with the ADF to 13 took place during school breaks. Journeys of Remembrance One explored narration techniques in With this new convention, the comic strips and included the making As far as single-day discovery trips to Assemblée des départements of comic strips following a tour of the Auschwitz-Birkenau are concerned, the de France (Assembly of France’s exhibition The Art Market under the Shoah Memorial organized 10 study Departments, ADF) commits to Occupation. Throughout the year, and remembrance trips, for groups carrying out actions to prevent several thematic workshop cycles HANDING DOWN combining members of the Crif, the racism, antisemitism and all other were organised for adults, including ACIP Chasseloup-Laubat, the town of forms of discriminatory acts of a painting workshop entitled “The Montreuil, the Association Mémoire xenophobia, among secondary school Peddler Is a Smuggler”, a writing Citoyenneté Jeunesse (Association students and educational staff. workshop entitled “Take Up your Pens” and choir workshops entitled “May in Song” and “En Enchanting Sunday”, on the theme “Singing Women”.

Guided tours

In Paris, there were 51 Sunday guided tours of the Memorial for the general public as well as 49 group tours for the exhibition The Art Market under the Occupation (between April and October 2019), 59 for the exhibition Rwanda 1994, our Story?, and 21 for At the signing of the agreement with the ADF (from left to right): President of the Hauts-de-Seine the exhibition Rwanda 1994: the Departmental Council Patrick Devedjian, President of the ADF and President of the Charente-Maritime Departmental Council Dominique Bussereau, President of the Shoah Memorial Éric de Rothschild, and Genocide against the Tutsi. These President of the Seine-et-Marne Departmental Council Patrick Septiers. 129 guided tours were all free. © Shoah Memorial.

18 1,664 2,966 students went on school groups study trips mostly to including Auschwitz

Educational programs 2,019 In partnership with the City of in Paris Paris, the Shoah Memorial offers young Parisians between the ages of eight and 15 an educational program that can take place either during or after school hours. These Portait of Simone Veil by Sheina Szlamka For school activities (workshops, lectures, tours, offered to the Ambassadors of Memory. screenings, Roads of Remembrance © Shoah Memorial. groups or traveling exhibitions) are offered HANDING DOWN to Paris public school teachers and Activities at the Memorial municipal educational staff. With support from the Shoah Memorial, Study trips educational teams develop programs In 2019, 2,966 student groups from The Shoah Memorial organized 25 first-graders to high school seniors based on an array of activities offered free-of-charge by the Memorial. study trips from within and from visited the Memorial: 2,019 in Paris outside Paris, including 14 for schools. and 436 in Drancy. Most of the groups As part of a program supported by that came to the Paris Shoah Memorial The Ambassadors the Foundation for the Memory of the took a guided tour (1,917). Almost of Memory Shoah, 1,421 high school students took half of the groups came from outside part in eight study trips to Auschwitz. the Paris area. New activities in 2019 Around the International Day of They were organized in partnership included live streamings, with around Commemoration in Remembrance with the regional councils and school 25 groups enjoying live interactive of the Victims of the Holocaust districts in the Grand Est, Normandy, testimony streamings during which (see page 11), 85 people took part Pays de la Loire, Provence-Alpes-Côte students were able to ask questions. in the 3rd National Conference d’Azur, Occitany and Hauts-de-France of the Ambassadors of Memory regions. As part of a partnership with Roads of Remembrance from January 25 to 28, 2019. This the Île-de-France region, high school edition paid tribute to Simone Veil, students and apprentices took part in The Shoah Memorial organizes with the creation of a collective four single-day study trips. Lastly, at guided tours of sites in the Paris photographic mural, the development the request of schools in Paris and the region with connections to the history by the 2017 Ambassadors of a path Paris region, the Memorial organised and memory of the Holocaust as of remembrance in Paris around her two study trips to Auschwitz for part of partnerships with the Île-de- life, and the closing ceremony of schoolchildren. In all, 1,664 students France region (eight itineraries). the conference at the Pantheon. took part in study trips to Auschwitz.

Training

Participants at the 4th Summer University program of the Shoah Memorial in 2019, in Toulouse, during the guided tour of the Women in Resistance exhibition. © Shoah Memorial / Photo: Studio Le Carré. 7,353 professionals were trained, including 5,591 teachers throughout France For teachers in France Open House Secondary schools Study trips

Two open-house days introduced As part of partnerships with school In 2019, 400 teachers from 10 school teachers to the Shoah Memorial’s districts or teacher training colleges, districts took part in 10 trips to Poland educational activities: 3,911 secondary school teachers organized by the Shoah Memorial and September 25 at the Paris Shoah took courses organized by the supported by the Foundation for the Memorial (50 participants) and Memorial in 28 school districts. Memory of the Shoah. From March 19 October 3 at the Drancy Shoah to 24, 20 teachers from the Grenoble Memorial (20 participants). In addition, five university programs school district traveled to Berlin.

TRAINING were held in 2019: in Paris from July 7 to Citizenship training day 12 (105 participants), in Toulouse from Lastly, as part of a partnership July 8 to 12 (101 participants), in Poland with the Île-de-France region, a In partnership with the Île-de-France from August 18 to 25 (40 participants), training trip was organized for 40 Regional Council, the Shoah Memorial in Israel from October 26 to November teachers from January 19 to 21. offered teachers, supervisory staff and 2 (30 participants), and in Berlin from principals of Île-de-France schools two October 20 to 26 (30 participants). days of training, one for adults and one for minors, as part of a program to develop actions to promote good citizenship and fight discrimination.

Primary schools

In 2019, the Memorial conducted 35 training courses for teachers. In all, 1,680 primary school teachers took a course, including 241 as part of the core program at teacher training colleges

in Paris, Créteil, Montpellier, Nice, Summer university program for teachers in Paris. Bordeaux, Lyon, Toulouse and Nantes. © Shoah Memorial.

22 893 police cadets

For specific publics

Each year, the Shoah Memorial offers specific training courses for a wide range of professionals, including Signing of the convention with the Paris Professional Training School for the Bars of

journalists, home-care aids, social TRAINING the Court of Appeals with (from left to right): Deputy President of the Paris School for workers, guides, counselors, heads of Lawyers Emmanuelle Hoffman; Director of the Shoah Memorial Jacques Fredj; President anti-racist organizations and, in the of the Paris Bar Marie-Aimée Peyron; and Vice-President of the Paris Bar Basile Ader. context of a partnership with the Paris © Shoah Memorial. Prefecture of Police, police officers.

In 2019, 1,864 people attended 50 trainings including 120 gendarmerie officers, 893 police cadets and 1,300 people representing various groups: students, activity leaders, educators, mediators, librarians, social workers.

The Shoah Memorial also signed a convention with the École de formation professionnelle des barreaux de la cour d’appel de Paris (the Paris Professional Training School for the Bars of the Court of Appeals) to organize trainings and tours of the Memorial. Present at the signing were President of the Paris Bar Marie-Aimée Peyron, Vice-President of the Paris Bar Basile Ader and Guided tour of the Shoah Memorial during the training seminar Deputy President of the Paris School for magistrates on judiciary handling of hate speech and crimes. for Lawyers Emmanuelle Hoffman. © Shoah Memorial.

Collecting and preserving

The digitalized archives of the Nuremberg trial were officially handed over to the Shoah Memorial on October 10, 2019, in the presence of Minister of Justice Nicole Belloubet and Judge at the International Court of Justice at the Hague His Excellency Antonio Augusto Cançado Trindade. © Shoah Memorial / Photo: Michel Isaac. Acquisitions in 2019

1,698,989 15,772 pages worth of documents images 503 9,715 films books and publications

including the Mariette Job and The archives Francine Christophe collections, and the Muestros Dezaparesidos and Convoi 77 associations. Acquisitions COLLECTING AND PRESERVING COLLECTING In 2019, the Memorial acquired We also made purchases such 1,698,989 pages of documents, as papers related to Pierre 45 drawings, 6,418 personal documents, Masse and his family. including 2,679 original pieces, and 56 objects. Compared to the The Memorial has also acquired previous year, more documents 533,818 documents in digital formats. were collected but from less These acquisitions had to do with people (261 versus 285 in 2018). the justice collections kept at the Archives Nationales de France, at the In December 2019, Beate and Service historique de la Défense and Serge Klarsfeld donated 1,200 at the archives of Military Justice. boxes of archives for a total of 144ml. These archives make for a Also in 2019, the Memorial completed rich addition to the first collection the digitalization process for the donated in the early 1990s. 250,000 pages of documents and 1,942 phonograph records bearing The 1,200 boxes of archives added to the We have received new donations recordings of the international Beate and Serge Klarsfeld collection in 2019. for existing archive collections, military trials of Nuremberg. © Shoah Memorial.

26 Classifying Preserving and Historical discovery of a and cataloguing communicating one-of-a-kind letter

The implementation of our archives We have digitalized 101,933 pages While conducting research around management software (Mnesys) worth of archive documents in letters written at Birkenau, Shoah has considerably reshaped how we order to preserve them. Twenty- Memorial Head Archivist Karen Taïeb access our collections catalogue. six usage contracts were outlined made a historical discovery that led to The inventories and descriptive for the procurement of documents the identification of the author of the entries of individual documents meant to illustrate publications, only French-language testimony from newly received are now automatically exhibitions and educational projects. a member of the Sonderkommando in added to the database. Birkenau. Thus, out of the horror of the camps, an exceptional testimony In all, 616 collection files are catalogued was uncovered and passed on to the and described in 65,716 entries; 3,600 Shoah Memorial by the family of the shelf marks have digital visuals author, Hersz Strasfogel, who had been linked to the entries. Users can now deported via transport 49. access 490,901 descriptive entries via the filing platform, or 22,000 COLLECTING AND PRESERVING additional entries compared to 2018.

The sole French-language testimony left behind by a member of the Sonderkommando in Birkenau, this Family correspondence from letter was penned by Hersz Strasfogel, as identified the Pierre Masse collection. by Karen Taïeb, Head Archivist at the Shoah Memorial. © Shoah Memorial. © Shoah Memorial / Muntlak collection.

27 to update the information. Extensive Acquisitions The reading research added to then-available data and allowed us to expand on and In 2019, the library acquired 9,715 works, room make corrections to many biographies. mainly in French, English and German. Selected corpuses were given special We welcomed 5,528 readers in 2019. attention, such as those of survivors. Resources and cataloguing Based on available information, the Folders containing the Wall of Names engraving forms were digitalized. reading room attracts predominantly Today, 1,402 press reviews and researchers, largely French, as well as clippings as well as a thematic index Since the digitalization of the folders, American and German nationals. A are accessible by request in the reading all new documents are systematically total of 7,520 works were consulted, room. They cover subjects relating to digitalized and saved in virtual

COLLECTING AND PRESERVING COLLECTING mostly monographs (87%). Lastly, the Shoah Memorial and its activities, folders. This collection has now been there was a sharp rise in consultation the Holocaust, anti-Semitism, shows, seen 103,149 times. The 140 boxes of digital archives, which now make the arts, publications dealing with the containing the original documents are up 63% of external archive loans. Holocaust and related topics. In 2019, stocked by our archiving supplier. the work carried out by the Sudoc to update the library’s newspapers and Launch of the periodicals inventory continued as did The library the completion of several catalogues, including inventories of university Wall of Names’ works (526 documents), typewritten Preservation and manuscripts (249 documents), pull- renovation communication outs (416 documents) and wartime narratives and testimonials from the The renovation of the Wall of Names In 2019, the library got to restoring 1940s and 1950s and digitalized by required the participation of the and rebinding publications the library (362 ouvrages). Indicative archives department, both the full-time that needed it. It also dedicated bibliographies of works and articles team and volunteers. The renovation time to information-sharing and kept in the library were put together work site had a considerable impact on documentation activities in line on various themes. Additionally, 965 the database, notably due to the need with the institution’s happenings. entries were added to the catalogue.

28 The photo library COLLECTING AND PRESERVING

Acquisitions Sabatino, Germaine Schinazi and their nine children near Bordeaux in Mérignac in 1937. During the war, Sabatino, then a doctor, is denied the right to work because he is Jewish. He is arrested in 15,772 images were acquired in 1942 and sent to the Mérignac camp, then to Drancy before being deported to Auschwitz-Birkenau, 2019, including 309 posters. Of for good, by transport 64 on December 7, 1943. His family escapes to safety near Nantes. © Shoah Memorial / Moïse Schinazi collection. these documents, 8,083 came from private collections, 600 from organizations’ collections, 371 from public and privte archives, particularly archives from the international military trial of Nuremberg.

The private acquisitions were made through the Shoah Memorial’s walk- in collection service available on Tuesday afternoon (5,494 photos) and during national and international collection drives that took place in Marseille, Geneva, Vancouver and NewYork (2,589 photos and 10 films).

Noteworthy acquisitions were made in 2019: the Hashomer Hatsair photo album 1040-1960 (500 photos), a photo album from the antibolchevik exhibition in Paris in Photo acquired by the Memorial showing a group of Jewish women and men at the Biala Podlaska ghetto, working there as forced labor, as 1941 (25 photos) and an album from they exit the German factories located around the ghetto. Poland, 1941. a DP camp in Austria (35 photos). © Shoah Memorial.

29 Classifying The photo album Europe Marching against Bolchevism: antibolchevik and cataloguing and anti-Semitic exhibition shown in Paris at the Wagram room, In all, the photo library catalogued avenue de Wagram, in March 1942. 6,876 new entries including 3,144 for the © Shoah Memorial. photograph collection, 223 historical posters, 1,956 cinema-related documents, 916 films and 213 audio files. As for the “Face to a Name” project, the photo library received 730 new photographs thanks to drives carried out among families in Paris and various regions. As of now, the photo library has 20,375 photos of those who were deported or shot in camps, including

COLLECTING AND PRESERVING COLLECTING 1,379 photos of survivors and 4,816 photos of children. The photo library has also made available online an exclusive collection on the ghettos (240 photos) and more than 1,640 new photos given by the OSE association.

Preservation and communication

In 2019, 7,362 images were digitalized (consisting of 591 posters, 2,264 images from the cinema collection, 196 lobby cards and 4,450 photographs). The photo library helped illustrate 197 external projects, including A group of Jewish children evacuated from the Rivesaltes camp, thanks to the OSE’s work, en route to the Moissac home helmed by the EEIF in 1942. Two children have been articles (15), exhibitions (34), identified on the photo: David Korn on the right and Sam Gryspan on the left. films (32), and publications (85). © Shoah Memorial / OSE collection.

30 The audiovisual archives center 400 The bookshop people visited On site, the bookshop offers around COLLECTING AND PRESERVING Acquisitions the audiovisual 15,000 works on the history of the archives centre Holocaust and other genocides, The rights of 503 films were and thousands of works are acquired in 2019. available for purchase online. Cataloguing and digitalizing

12,396 film entries and 1,183 audio recordings are currently available in the new documentation system. All the documents, whether bought, derived from TV recordings, donations or long-term loans, have been catalogued. The catalogue entries are more detailed than before, especially for TV recordings. 2,264 movie files were digitalized in 2019. The movie and audio browsing stations were transferred to the audiovisual archives center. From there, one can access films for which we have acquired rights as well as thousands of testimonies including the Visual Historical Archives (Spielberg Foundation) collection and Yale Fortunoff. © Shoah Memorial / Photo: Colombe Clier.

Publishing

Bernard Eizkman posing with the members of the family who took him in, the Dubois, at their Bressels farmhouse in the county of Neuchâtel. Switzerland, October 1944. Photo on the cover of issue 210 of the “Historical Review of the Shoah” periodical entitled “Switzerland Facing the Genocide: New Research and Perspectives”, published by the Shoah Memorial. October 2019. © Shoah Memorial / Yoram Degani collection. Publications

Revue d’histoire de la Shoah

In 2019, a new issue of the Revue d’histoire de la Shoah was published. Issue 210, Switzerland Facing the Genocide: New Research and Perspectives, explores, among other things, the role of this country in the Holocaust, its asylum policy for persecuted Jews, and the true role of institutional and individual actors, both Swiss and foreign, in the genocide. PUBLISHING

Co-publication Calmann-Lévy

Calmann-Lévy and the Shoah Memorial co-published two books: Michal Hausser-Gans’ Treblinka, 1942-1943, Une usine à produire des morts juifs dans la forêt polonaise (“Treblinka, 1942-1943, A Factory for the Production of Dead Jews in the Polish Forest”), and Willy Cohn’s Nul droit, nulle part, Journal de Breslau 1933-1941 (“No Right, Anywhere, Journal from Breslau 1933-1941”).

34 10,200 followers on Online 27,155 Twitter Likes on Facebook 3,200 followers on Instagram PUBLISHING

2019 were the 25th commemoration of the genocide against the Tutsi in Rwanda (316,118 views), Francine Christophe’s testimony (88,820 views) and Simone Veil’s testimony (57,471 views). The Memorial’s communities A micro-site is created for each exhibition at on Facebook and Twitter are still the Memorial, allowing growing, with 27,155 page Likes and visitors to explore key 10,200 subscribers respectively. Lastly, themes over the entire course of each exhibition. after its third year on Instagram, the © Shoah Memorial. Memorial now has 3,200 subscribers. Targeted advertising campaigns have helped expand the communities on Facebook and Instagram. The micro-sites Social media Newsletters Two exhibition micro-sites were created The Memorial is active on Facebook, in 2019: one for The Art Market under the Twitter, Instagram and YouTube. Its In 2019, the Memorial sent out 60 Occupation, which received 13,408 visits, YouTube channel has 6,470 subscribers e-mailings to its various contact lists. and one for the 25th commemoration with an average viewing time of The French newsletter now reaches of the genocide against the Tutsi 4 minutes and 3 seconds (1,190,185 video 11,978 people and the teachers’ in Rwanda (1,272 visits). views); the most watched videos in newsletter has 11,288 recipients.

Off-site

Educational conferences for 45 Bosnian, Serb, Croatian and Macedonian educators in Belgrade in 2019. © Shoah Memorial. 31,684 visitors 103 venues hosted the Inauguration of the exhibition Beate and Serge Klarsfeld: Shoah Memorial’s Fighters for Memory 1968-1978 in Montpellier on November 28, 2019. OFF-SITE © Shoah Memorial. traveling exhibitions in France and abroad

Olympic Games in Europe at War (1936- presented on roll-up panels, Rwanda In France 1948) and High School Vision 2019. 1994: the Genocide against the Tutsi is an adaptation of the exhibition shown and abroad For the fourth year running, the at the Drancy Shoah Memorial. Memorial put together a traveling exhibition, 1940: Becoming a Resistant, The traveling exhibition Beate Traveling exhibitions in line with the program of the and Serge Klarsfeld: Fighters for Concours national de la Résistance et Memory 1968-1978 was adapted In 2019, 103 venues in France hosted the de la Déportation (National Resistance to be shown at the town hall of Shoah Memorial’s traveling exhibitions and Deportation Contest). Demand Lyon’s 3rd arrondissement and including cultural centres, town halls, keeps growing year on year. for the Montpellier city hall. media libraries and schools (94). The most sought-after exhibitions As part of the commemorations Three new educational booklets were for schools were Repressions and organized at the UN in Paris on the created for the following exhibitions: Deportations in France and in Europe, occasion of the 25th anniversary of the Rwanda 1994: the Genocide against 1939-1945 (21 secondary schools and genocide against the Tutsi in Rwanda, the Tutsi; From the Discovery of the high schools in and outside of Île- the Memorial created a new traveling Camps to the Return of the Deportees; de-France), Sports, Athletes and the exhibition in partnership with Ibuka; and 1940: Becoming a Resistant.

38 School workshops

For the past three years, the Memorial has developped workshops to be run in Preview of the schools. Led by the Memorial’s teams, movie J’accuse these workshops touch on different Sharing expertise with topics: history, philosophy, moral and A preview of Roman Polanski’s J’accuse civic education as well as literature and places of remembrance took place on November 11, 2019 at the arts. Offered by most school districts the Publicis Cinéma on the Champs- and supported by Dilcrah, this initiative The Shoah Memorial continued to Élysées with the director in attendance. by the Memorial has resulted in a back the activities of institutions in total of 530 workshops throughout the charge of places of remembrance in France, as a sitting entity of governing The Commission of Former country in 2019 (versus 446 in 2018). OFF-SITE or scientific bodies of the Place of Jewish Volunteer Fighters Remembrance of Chambon-sur-Lignon, The southern of Jules Isaac Center in Clermont- The Shoah Memorial’s Commission regional branch Ferrand, of the National Memorial of the of Former Jewish Volunteer Fighters Montluc Prison, of the Camp des Milles continued its mission, through Created in 2008, the Memorial’s Foundation, of the Maison d’Izieu, of the numerous activities on the premises Toulouse-based southern branch relays Resistance and Deportation Museum in of Rue du Renard (Yiddish language, its activities to the general public and Besançon and of the Amicale du camp outings in Paris, choir, stained- offers various activities to schools de Gurs. glass window making, painting and including educational workshops, film computer science). screenings/panel discussions, traveling The Memorial also acts as an advisor exhibitions, teacher trainings and a for the synagogue of Lens, with the In addition, the traditional university program for secondary creation of an education and historical commemorative ceremony in school teachers. space dedicated to the history and remembrance of the volunteers at the persecution of the Jews of Lens. Bagneux cemetery in Paris took place Strengthened by its outreach to on October 13, 2019 under the patronage grassroots partners (school districts, The Memorial supports the creation of Minister of State to the Ministry of boards of education, local authorities of two new museographic and Armed Forces Geneviève Darrieussecq and organizations), the southern branch remembrance tools in the former and with many personalities in backs and participates in educational Pithiviers station, in partnership with attendance. As part of the 80th activities in schools, trains and supports SNCF, and on the site of the former anniversary of the start of World War II, Ambassadors of Memory, and organizes Gurs internment camp, alongside local the format of the ceremony was revised Roads of Remembrance, film screenings authorities and the Government, as well with greater emphasis on transmission and commemorations. as German and Spanish authorities. and younger generations.

OFF-SITE Rwanda: Memory of a Genocide April 1 – May 3, 2019

Inauguration of Place Pierre Kauffmann in Paris’ th4 arrondissement, posthumously named after the former resistant, Director of Crif and Secretary General of the Shoah Memorial. The City of Paris partnered Ibuka © Shoah Memorial. France and the Shoah Memorial to commemorate the 25th anniversary of the genocide against the Tutsi in Hommage to Rwanda, in the spirit of solidarity and through remembrance work and a Pierre Kauffmann This emotional moment unfolded in willingness to pass this chapter of the presence of his widow, Claude history on to younger generations. The Paris City Hall and the Shoah Kauffmann, Paris Mayor Anne Hidalgo, This exhibition, shown on the City Memorial have inaugurated the Deputy In-Charge of International Hall railings, was a reminder of the th Place Pierre Kauffmann in the 4 Relations and Francophonie Patrick history of the last genocide of the arrondissement, behind the Shoah Klugman, Shoah Memorial President XXth century through 24 portraits of Memorial, on the corner of Rue du Pont- Éric de Rothschild, Mayor of Paris’ survivors captured by journalist and Louis-Philippe and Quai de l’Hôtel-de- 4th arrondissement Ariel Weil, and photographer Michel Bührer in 1995 Ville. Pierre Kauffmann, who passed former Police Commissioner and close and 1996. away seven years ago, is a former friend Michel Delpuech, as well as resistant, Director of Crif and Secretary Photographs: Michel Bührer numerous officials and representatives Coordination and copywriting: Sophie Nagiscarde General of the Shoah Memorial. of associations. Graphic design: ÉricandMarie

40 Abroad

Program: Starting with the Holocaust

Launched in 2015, this program seeks to build dialogue between countries that have conflicting memories or face common issues within the same geographical area. The idea is for them to step back from their own national history, compare perspectives and take First educational conference between Albanians, Serbs and a scientific approach to sensitive issues North Macedonians, from March 26 to 28, 2019 in Skopje. OFF-SITE by drawing upon the shared European © Shoah Memorial. heritage that is the Holocaust.

Teachers from countries dealing with memorial conflicts are thus brought together to reflect on their shared history.

This unprecedented program grows from strength to strength. A new dialogue has been initiated between North Macedonia, Albania and Serbia. In all, the Memorial organized five bilateral talks in 2019 (Spain-Portugal, Croatia-Bosnia-Serbia, Italy-Croatia- Slovenia, Albania-Serbia, North Macedonia-Greece) with a total of 250 teachers taking part.

In January 2019, the national coordinators network met for the first time in Belgrade in order to strengthen Second educational conference in synergies, share know-how and enhance Lisbon, on April 25 and 26, 2019. the quality of the trainings. © Shoah Memorial.

41 2,100 26 11 teachers trained through conferences in countries abroad

Program: comparing in took part in a session on site at the Once again this year, the Emilia- Shoah Memorial. The Memorial still Romagna region’s legislative assembly order to better distinguish works alongside the Portuguese supported the Italian university Ministry of Education on its on-going program in Paris and facilitated The ambition of this program training policy for teachers (trainings the circulation of the Memorial’s supported by the German Ministry of in Loulé and Vilar Formoso). exhibitions. This institution, with the Foreign Affairs is to pass on to history, Institutes for the History of Resistance law and political sciences students Traveling exhibitions in Italy network and educational the fundamentals of the history of authorities, had a key role in the genocides and mass atrocity crimes. In Memorial’s activities in the peninsula. 2019, universities in Milan (Faculty of Three overseas venues held exhibitions History), Prague (Faculty of Pedagogy) by the Memorial. The exhibition Holocaust and Comics was shown Lastly, together with the Memorial, the and Panteion-Athens brought together Doctrine and Leadership Teaching 175 students for two-day modules in Malines (Belgium), Hélène Berr, a Stolen Life in Clermont, California Centre (CDEC) and the TOLI OFF-SITE focused on the Holocaust, with the Foundation organized a training addition of regional and international (United-States), Filming the Camp: John Ford, Samuel Fuller, George session in Ferrara for 50 teachers. issues to do with mass atrocity crimes. Stevens, from Hollywood to Nuremberg Both local historians and European in Scottsdale, Arizona (United-States). experts were called upon to participate. Rwanda: framework agreement with CNLG Italy: partnerships Teacher trainings in The Shoah Memorial reached a various countries Our relation with the Italian Ministry framework agreement with with the of Education, University and Research National Commission for the Fight Outside of any specific program, (MIUR) was strengthened, allowing Against Genocide (CNLG) in June these trainings fall under cooperation the funding of two combined regional 2019 in Kigali, in the presence of Paris agreements between the Memorial conferences for 130 history teachers Mayor Anne Hidalgo. This convention and local partners, most often in Sicily and in Sardinia. In 2019, the outlines firstly the digitalization of Education Ministries or Holocaust- focus was on trainings in neighbouring the CNLG’s archives and the transfer focused research centers. In 2019, regions (the small town of Jesi, Sicily of a copy to the Memorial so that it 2,100 teachers took part in 26 overseas and Sardinia, to the South of the city may create a resource center on the training sessions in 11 countries, in of Salerno), seldom visited up to that history of the genocide against the Europe and in Rwanda, including 10 point. The Memorial-MIUR joint Tutsi. The Memorial also reached sessions in Italy and three in Lviv commission met in Rome in July a similar agreement with the (Ukraine), Bucarest and Minsk. Two 2019 in order to define its training survivors’ association Ibuka. Lastly, groups of Croat and Serbian teachers strategy for the coming school year. the association Ejo Hacu, which

42 helps a group of 40 survivors of the genocide, will receive support from the Memorial in organizing “literary residences” to facilitate the collection of written testimonies from its members. Following the strengthening of these relations, a training session was carried out for the first time on the history of the Holocaust and the genocide against the Tutsi, for members of the CNLG, in Kigali from Signing of the convention at the POLIN Museum in Warsaw on January 18, 2019.

In January 2019, the Shoah Memorial and the Jewish Historical Institute in Warsaw signed a cooperation agreement focused on trainings and documentation. A similar agreement was signed with the POLIN Museum of the History of Polish Jews including sharing of best practices between pedagogical departments. The National Archives of Armenia and the Shoah Memorial also teamed up to create a collection of archives to be made available to French acdemics carrying out research on the Armenian genocide. Lastly, the CDEC and the Shoah Memorial in Milan reached a cooperation agreement for combined undertakings in Lombardy and On June 3 and 4, 2019 in Kigali, Rwanda, the Shoah Memorial signed three partnership agreements with the stronger synergies between their National Commission for the Fight Against Genocide, the association Ibuka Rwanda and the NGO Ejo Hacu. respective archives departments. © Shoah Memorial.

The Drancy Shoah Memorial

A group of students on a visit at the Drancy Shoah Memorial. © Shoah Memorial / Photo: Florence Brochoire. 34,152 visitors in total

including The documentation 436 center school groups The Drancy Memorial currently houses a total of 4,282 documents (books and periodicals). In 2019, the Memorial Temporary acquired more works geared toward the young, as well as works on France’s exhibition internment camps, on the Holocaust and other genocides. Rwanda 1994: the Genocide against the Tutsi April 4 – November 2019 memorialdelashoah.org

To contemplate the story and the memory of the genocide against the Tutsi requires facing the human and PARIS - DRANCY material reality of the massacres. This THE DRANCY SHOAH MEMORIAL SHOAH THE DRANCY 2,078 exhibition recounted the genocide 12 km visitors through various objects and audio, CAMP DE DRANCY - CAMP D’AUSCHWITZ video and written archives, conveying 1220 km the reality of a past that is still very De 1942 à 1944, 57977 Juifs furent déportés du camp de much alive in Rwanda, 25 years later. Drancy puis assassinés pour la plupart au camp d’Auschwitz.

We worked with the Centre de la Mémoire d’Oradour-sur-Glane to adapt this exhibition to their space in the same way that we did for the Juger Eichmann exhibition a few years ago. À 12 KM DE PARIS, VISITEZ LE MUSÉE DU MÉMORIAL DE LA SHOAH DE DRANCY Scientific committee: Entrée gratuite Camp de Drancy, décembre 1942, Mémorial de la Shoah. décembre Camp de Drancy, Hélène Dumas, Research Executive at the EN PARTENARIAT AVEC CNRS, Institut d’histoire du temps présent (IHTP); Stéphane Audoin-Rouzeau, Historian, Study Director at EHESS; and Marcel Kabanda, Historian, Ibuka France President Coordination: Sophie Nagiscarde Once again this year, we launched an Inauguration of the exhibition Graphic design: Emmanuel Labard, institutional campaign in October with Rwanda 1994 : the Genocide against the Tutsi Coralie Milière, Unit France at the Drancy Shoah Memorial. Space design: David Lebreton, the slogan “Paris-Drancy, 12km, Drancy- © Shoah Memorial / Photo : Charles Tremeli. Mathilde Daguzan, Unit France Auschwitz 1,220km».

46 Panel discussion around the documentary film Les Évadés de Drancy with director Nicolas Lévy-Beff, and Thomas Handschuh, grandson of Eugène Handschuh, last remaining survivor of the tunnel. © Shoah Memorial. THE DRANCY SHOAH MEMORIAL

Activities For schools Teacher trainings 436 groups (versus 403 in 2018) As part of a three-year agreement During the European Heritage Days on visited the Drancy Shoah Memorial signed with Seine-Saint-Denis, the September 22, the public got to discover representing a total of around Memorial offers the department’s Les Évadés de Drancy, a documentary 11,571 people. They took guided cities free activities, including training film directed by Nicolas Lévy-Beff, tours (73%) or attended workshops sessions for counselors socio-cultural in part thanks to the Memorial’s (27%). A little over 60% of the teachers and activity leaders. Other audiovisual archives. groups came from Île-de-France. trainings were offered to librarians. Four half-day courses, focused on In addition, the Drancy Memorial offers As part of a partnership with Seine- racism, antisemitism, prejudice free guided tours of the institution and Saint-Denis, the department’s middle and genocidal violence, aimed to of the former internment camp every school students were offered two free help activity leaders find the right Sunday. This year, 40 such tours took Roads of Remembrance. The first, words to discuss these topics with place with audioguides distributed to called “The History of Interned and the young people they work with. discover the permanent exhibition. Deported Jews” included a tour The Paris-Drancy shuttle was used by of the site of the former camp, the Throughout the year, the Memorial 622 people. Drancy Shoah Memorial exhibition also organized on-request training and the Bobigny deportation station. courses and tours, especially within the The second, “The History of the Paris Summer University program. Jews in Seine-Saint-Denis”, explored Jewish life in the department during World War II and included a tour of the Drancy synagogue.

47 Many people and institutions support the Support for Memorial and its mission by contributing their skills, expertise, time or money. the Memorial We thank them all warmly.

Financial Support Witnesses The Scientific Council Annette Becker, Danielle Delmaire, The Shoah Memorial receives funding Witnesses tirelessly share their Anne Grynberg, Katy Hazan, André Kaspi, from the Foundation for the Memory of experiences of this tragic period in history, Serge Klarsfeld, Denis Peschanski, the Shoah, the City of Paris, the Île-de- testifying at the Shoah Memorial or during Renée Poznanski, Henry Rousso, France Regional Council, the Île-de- trips to Auschwitz, thus strengthening the Yves Ternon. France’s Department of Cultural Affairs, message passed on to new generations. the Ministry for Culture1, the National Archives, the Ministry for National Boards and commissions Education2, the Ministry for the Armed The Pedagogical Forces-Heritage, Memory and Archives Ex-officio Orientation Commission Department3, the Rothschild Foundation, Members Rachid Azzouz, Daniel Bensimhon, the Edmond J. Safra Foundation, the Ministry of the Interior, Ministry for Henri Borlant, David Dominé-Cohn, Claims Conference, the Europe for National Education, Ministry for the Elisabeth Farina-Berlioz, Jacques Fredj, Citizens program, the Interministerial Armed Forces-DPMA, Île-de-France Corinne Glaymann, Christine Guimonnet, Delegation Against Racism, Anti- Regional Council, City of Paris. Olivier Lalieu, Anne-Françoise Pasquier,

SUPPORT FOR THE MEMORIAL FOR SUPPORT Semitism and Anti-LGBT Hatred, the Founding Members Laurent Pejoux, Emmanuelle Pievic, January 11 Fund and the SNCF, its main The Foundation for the Memory Iannis Roder, Claude Singer, partner company. of the Shoah, represented by: Alice Tajchman. Philippe Allouche, Serge Klarsfeld. Donors The Shoah Memorial, represented by: Éric de Rothschild, Anne Sinclair. Thousands of private individuals Public figures: Robert Badinter, support the Shoah Memorial every François Heilbronn, Guillaume Pepy, year with their donations. Hubert Cain. Association des amis du Memorial, represented by: Théo Hoffenberg, Ivan Levaï.

1. Known as the Ministry of Culture and Communication until May 2017. 2. Known as the Ministry of National Education, Higher Education and Research until May 2017. 3. Known as the Ministry of Defense–Memory, Heritage and Archives Department (DPMA) until May 2017.

48 The Shoah Memorial’s Partners The Europe for Citizens Program educational workshops for students, the Since 2014, the Shoah Memorial has Memorial signed 11 new agreements The Foundation for the Memory received a multi-year operating subsidy in 2019 with the school districts of of the Shoah (FMS) from the European Commission’s Europe the following cities and regions: The Foundation for the Memory of for Citizens program, which funds projects · Besançon (October 11) the Shoah was set up in 2000 with an focusing on memory, mutual knowledge · Corse (June 28) endowment from the restitution by the of European citizens and strengthening of · Créteil (May 15) French State and financial institutions their ties to the European Union. In 2017, · Guadeloupe (January 9) of unclaimed funds from the spoliation the Shoah Memorial received a specific · Limoges (February 5) of France’s Jews during World War II. subsidy for its activities abroad. · Lille (May 27) The foundation is active in six areas: · Nantes (September 19) Orléans-Tours (February 14) historical research, teaching, transmission The Ministry for Armed Forces · · Reims (May 14) of memory, solidarity with Holocaust Through the National Office for Veterans · Rennes (March 21) survivors, Jewish culture and the fight and War Victims (ONAC-VG) and · Strasbourg (March 1) against anti-Semitism. It is the Shoah the Heritage, Memory and Archives Memorial’s main source of funding for Department (DPMA), the Ministry for all its activities. The FMS launched the the Armed Forces has stood by the The Edmond J. Safra Foundation The Institut pédagogique Edmond initiative to build the Drancy Shoah Shoah Memorial since 2010, notably Memorial and provides all of its funding. J. Safra funds the Shoah Memorial’s during commemorations. On January SUPPORT FOR THE MEMORIAL pedagogical activities in line with a 26, 2017, a partnership agreement partnership agreement signed in 2010. The City of Paris was signed with the ministry to help The Shoah Memorial has received the Shoah Memorial preserve sites of funding from the City of Paris since remembrance, transmit history, train The Claims Conference 2002. In May 2017, a three-year teachers and conserve archives. The Claims Conference supports agreement was signed to launch a the Shoah Memorial’s international activities as well as locating, groundbreaking approach to educational The Ministry for Culture classifying, digitizing and cataloguing projects (tours, workshops, exhibitions, In May 2016, the Ministry for Culture Holocaust documents at the Shoah etc.) in Paris schools and recreation appointed a new High Council of Memorial’s documentation center. centers focusing on the history and the Archives, whose members serve three- memory of the Holocaust and, more year terms. It is made up of qualified broadly, on anti-Semitism, racism, individuals, including the Shoah The SNCF, the Memorial’s hate speech and propaganda. Memorial’s Director who advises the main partner company ministry on issues relating to public and In 2010, the SNCF and the Shoah DILCRAH private archives. On January 18, 2017, an Memorial signed a partnership calling The Interministerial Delegation against agreement was signed to strengthen the on France’s national railway company Racism, Anti-Semitism and Anti-LGBT ministry’s cooperation with the Shoah to help the Shoah Memorial develop Hatred (DILCRAH) has been under Memorial’s archives and museum. its pedagogical activities and share its the Prime Minister’s authority since knowledge about the history of the SNCF November 2018. To fight racism and anti- The Ministry for National Education during World War II. On May 16, 2017, the Semitism, the Memorial and DILCRAH The Ministry for National Education SNCF signed an agreement to restore signed a partnership agreement in 2015 to is one of the Shoah Memorial’s main within two years the former Pithiviers offer teachers a full range of educational partners. In keeping with agreements train station (from which many Jews were resources they can use, especially during signed with the ministry in 2011 deported) to house classrooms. National Week for Education and Actions and with various school districts against Racism and Antisemitism. since 2012 to encourage setting up training courses for teachers and

Handing down Preserving Government Fondation 23% 27% subsidies for the 18% Memory of the Shoah (including Drancy) 47%

Private Teaching - Training donations, 50% gifts 35%

Expenses: €16,951K Revenue: €16,951K

Activity Report (Shoah Memorial. Online brochure.) ISSN N° 2608-242X Legal deposit: August 2020

Director of the publication: Jacques Fredj Production editor: Flavie Bitan Graphic design and translation: Leitmotif Creative Studio (www.leitmotifcreativestudio.com)

Free publication

© Shoah Memorial, Paris, 2020 Shoah Memorial Officially recognized non-profit foundation in France President: Éric de Rothschild Siren 784 243 784 17 rue Geoffroy-l’Asnier / 75004 Paris [email protected] www.memorialdelashoah.org

Shoah Memorial Officially recognised non-profit foundation in France Siren 784 243 784 17 Rue Geoffroy l’Asnier 75004 Paris Tel.: 01 42 77 44 72 Fax: 01 53 01 17 44 [email protected] www.memorialdelashoah.org