E PL UR UM IB N U U S Congressional Record United States th of America PROCEEDINGS AND DEBATES OF THE 117 CONGRESS, FIRST SESSION

Vol. 167 WASHINGTON, THURSDAY, JANUARY 21, 2021 No. 12 Senate The Senate met at noon and was sage to those domestic terrorists that Traditionally, the Senate has con- called to order by the President pro they will never prevail. firmed several national security nomi- tempore (Mr. LEAHY). Even as the festivities were in full nees for an incoming administration f swing, our new President and this new during their first few days. Even as Senate commenced the work of re- power changes hands from one adminis- PRAYER building our country and healing its tration to the other, the work of keep- The Chaplain, Dr. Barry C. Black, of- wounds. With the stroke of a pen, ing our Nation safe must not be paused fered the following prayer: President Biden started the process of or be disrupted. Foreign adversaries Let us pray. rejoining the United States to the will seek to exploit this period of tran- Almighty God, You are our shelter Paris accords. He extended the pause sition, and we cannot allow America’s from the storm. Keep us from shame. on student loan payments, put an end military, intelligence, and national se- Lord, You often answer prayers in to the Muslim travel ban, reinstalled curity policy to be disrupted by staff- mysterious ways. As the Heavens are safeguards for our Nation’s Dreamers, ing delays. higher than the Earth, so are Your and put a halt on the ineffective border In 2017, President Trump had his De- thoughts higher than our contempla- wall. fense Secretary and Secretary of Crucially, President Biden signed a tion. Homeland Security in place on Inau- number of orders to refocus the Federal Inspire our Senators to be so sen- guration Day. President Biden deserves Government’s efforts on fighting the sitive to Your Spirit that they can rec- his national security team in place as coronavirus pandemic. The United ognize Your gentle nudge. Make them soon as possible, as well as key officials States has rejoined the World Health glad that You are near. in charge of responding to the current Organization. A mask mandate has Lord, equip our lawmakers with wis- health and economic crises. With the been issued for all Federal properties. cooperation of our Republican col- dom and foresight for these challenging And President Biden has named a new times. May Your peace go with them as leagues, we can and should confirm the coronavirus response coordinator to Secretaries of Defense, State, Home- they seek to do Your will. manage vaccine distribution, which is We pray in Your strong Name. Amen. land Security, and Treasury without so desperately needed and was such a much delay. f failure under the Trump administra- While national security is para- PLEDGE OF ALLEGIANCE tion. mount, I would remind my colleagues Our country has suffered deeply from that we are in the middle of an eco- The President pro tempore led the the chaotic, lackluster, and incom- nomic crisis. The sooner we confirm a Pledge of Allegiance, as follows: petent Federal response to COVID–19. Treasury Secretary, the better. I pledge allegiance to the Flag of the As we cross the grim milestone of And so, as we begin the process of United States of America, and to the Repub- 400,000—400,000—American fatalities bringing our country back together, let lic for which it stands, one nation under God, from COVID, the Biden administration the first week of this Congress be a col- indivisible, with liberty and justice for all. is wasting no time in marshaling the laboration between our two parties to f resources of the Federal Government confirm President Biden’s Cabinet. RECOGNITION OF THE MAJORITY into action and today released a na- f LEADER tional strategy to defeat the pandemic. What a concept—a President who ac- INAUGURAL CEREMONY The PRESIDENT pro tempore. The tually takes the defining crisis of our Mr. SCHUMER. Mr. President, I ask majority leader is recognized. time seriously. What a change—and unanimous consent that the Inaugural f how great is the need. Ceremony proceedings be printed in the Here in the Senate, the first order of BIDEN ADMINISTRATION RECORD. business is to fulfill our constitutional There being no objection, the pro- Mr. SCHUMER. Mr. President, it is duty to advise and consent on the ceedings of the Inaugural Ceremony nice to see you back in that position. President’s appointments to his Cabi- were ordered to be printed in the Yesterday, Mr. President, we began a net. Last night, the Senate confirmed RECORD, as follows: new chapter in the history of our Na- the President’s selection for the Direc- There being no objection, the mate- tion. On the same steps stormed by do- tor of National Intelligence, Avril rial was ordered to be printed in the mestic terrorists 2 weeks ago, we held Haines. We appreciate the bipartisan RECORD, as follows: a ceremony to the enduring power of cooperation to get her confirmation INAUGURAL CEREMONY our democracy. It was a symbol to the done yesterday, and we should con- Inauguration of Joseph R. Biden, Jr., Janu- world that America is back and a mes- tinue in that spirit today. ary 20, 2021, 10:33 a.m.

∑ This ‘‘bullet’’ symbol identifies statements or insertions which are not spoken by a Member of the Senate on the floor.

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VerDate Sep 11 2014 02:47 Jan 22, 2021 Jkt 019060 PO 00000 Frm 00001 Fmt 0624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\A21JA6.000 S21JAPT1 ctelli on DSK11ZRN23PROD with SENATE S76 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE January 21, 2021 The Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff, companying the chairman of the Joint Con- In the end, that is America: our democ- General Mark A. Milley, assembled on the gressional Committee on Inaugural Cere- racy, a country of so much good. Today, on President’s platform. monies, the Honorable Roy Blunt, and Mrs. these Capitol steps and before this glorious Leadership of the United States House of Abigail Blunt, assembled on the President’s field of flags, we rededicate ourselves to its Representatives: Republican whip, the Hon- platform. cause. orable Stephen Scalise; and majority whip, Accompanying the President-elect, the Thank you. the Honorable James E. Clyburn, assembled staff director of the Joint Congressional (Applause.) on the President’s platform. Committee on Inaugural Ceremonies, It is now my honor to introduce to you the Leadership of the United States Senate: Fitzhugh Elder IV; the Acting House Ser- Senator who has worked with me and so President pro tempore emeritus, the Honor- geant at Arms, Tim Blodgett; and the Acting many others to make this ceremony pos- able Patrick Leahy, and Mrs. Marcelle Senate Sergeant at Arms, Jennifer sible, my friend and the chair of the Inau- Leahy; Democratic whip, the Honorable Dick Hemmingway, assembled on the President’s gural Committee, Missouri Senator Roy Durbin, and Ms. Reema Dodin; majority platform. Blunt. whip, the Honorable John Thune, and Mrs. The President-elect of the United States, (Applause.) Mr. BLUNT. Well, I should have known Kimberley Thune; Democratic leader, the Joseph R. Biden, Jr., and Dr. Jill Biden as- when Senator Klobuchar got involved, at Honorable Charles Schumer, and Mrs. Iris sembled on the President’s platform. least, there would be a touch of snow up here Weinshall Schumer; President pro tempore Ms. KLOBUCHAR. Vice President Pence, this morning. Of all the things we had con- of the Senate, the Honorable Chuck Grass- Mr. President-elect, Madam Vice President- sidered, I don’t think snow was on my agen- ley, and Ms. Jennifer Heins assembled on the elect, Members of Congress and the judicial da until I walked out the door a moment President’s platform. branch, former Presidents and First Ladies, ago. Former Vice President, the Honorable Dan Vice Presidents, leaders from abroad, and a But thank you, Senator Klobuchar, and Quayle, assembled on the President’s plat- whole bunch of Bidens, America, welcome to thanks to the other members of the Joint form. the 59th Presidential Inauguration, where in Congressional Committee on the Inaugura- The 42nd President of the United States, just a few moments Joe Biden and Kamala tion as we officially begin the 59th inaugural the Honorable William J. Clinton, and the Harris will take their solemn oaths. ceremony. I also want to thank the joint Honorable Hillary Rodham Clinton assem- This ceremony is the culmination of 244 committee staff and our partners, particu- bled on the President’s platform. years of a democracy. It is a moment when larly our security partners, for the way they The 43rd President of the United States, leaders, brought to this stage by the will of have dealt with unprecedented cir- the Honorable George W. Bush, and Mrs. the people, promise to be faithful to our Con- cumstances. Laura Bush assembled on the President’s stitution, to cherish it, and defend it. It is a When I chaired the inauguration 4 years platform. moment when they become, as we all should ago, I shared President Reagan’s 1981 de- The 44th President of the United States, be, guardians of our country. scription of this event as ‘‘commonplace’’ the Honorable Barack H. Obama, and Mrs. Have we become too jaded, too accustomed and ‘‘miraculous.’’ It is ‘‘commonplace’’ be- Michelle Obama assembled on the Presi- to the ritual of the passing of the torch of cause we have done it every 4 years since dent’s platform. democracy to truly appreciate what a bless- 1789; it is miraculous because we have done it The Chief Justice of the United States, the ing and a privilege it is to witness this mo- every 4 years since 1789. Americans have Honorable John G. Roberts, Jr., and the As- ment? I think not. celebrated this moment during war, during sociate Justices of the Supreme Court as- Two weeks ago, when an angry, violent depression, and now during pandemic. sembled on the President’s platform. mob staged an insurrection and desecrated Once again, all three branches of our gov- The children of Vice President-Elect Har- this temple of our democracy, it awakened ernment come together as the Constitution ris and Mr. Douglas Emhoff, Cole Mackin us to our responsibilities as Americans. This envisions. Once again, we renew our commit- Emhoff and Ella Rose Emhoff, assembled on is the day when our democracy picks itself ment to our determined democracy, forging the President’s platform. up, brushes off the dust, and does what a more perfect union. The children of President-Elect Biden, America always does: It goes forward as a The theme for this inauguration, ‘‘Our De- Robert Hunter Biden II and Ashley Blazer nation, under God, indivisible with liberty termined Democracy: Forging a more perfect Biden and the grandchildren of the Presi- and justice for all. union,’’ was announced by the joint com- dent-elect, assembled on the President’s (Applause.) mittee before the election with the belief platform. This conveyance of a sacred trust between that the United States can only fulfill its Accompanying the Vice President: The our leaders and our people takes place in promise and set an example for others if we Secretary of the Senate, the Honorable Julie front of this shining Capitol dome for a rea- are always working to be better than we Adams; and Chief Administrative Officer of son. When Abraham Lincoln gave his first in- have been. the House of Representatives, Catherine augural address in front of this Capitol, the The Constitution established that deter- Szpindor, assembled on the President’s plat- dome was only partially constructed, braced mined democracy with its first three words, form. by ropes of steel. He promised he would fin- declaring the people as the source of the gov- The Vice President of the United States, ish it. He was criticized for spending funds ernment. The Articles of Confederation the Honorable Michael R. Pence, and Mrs. on it during the Civil War. To those critics, hadn’t done that. The Magna Carta hadn’t Karen Pence assembled on the President’s he replied, ‘‘If the people see the Capitol done that. Only the Constitution says the platform. going on, it is a sign we intend the Union government exists because the people are the Accompanying the Vice President-elect: shall go on.’’ And it did, and it will. source of the reason it exists. the Chief of Inaugural Ceremonies, Maria Generations of Americans gave their lives They immediately followed those first Miller Lohmeyer; the Acting Deputy House to preserve our Republic in this place. Great three words with the words ‘‘to form a more Sergeant at Arms, Kevin Grubbs; and the legislation to protect civil rights and eco- perfect union.’’ The Founders did not say to Acting Deputy Senate Sergeant at Arms, nomic security and lead the world was de- form a perfect union; they did not claim that U.S. Capitol Police Officer, PFC Eugene O. bated and crafted under this dome. Now, it in our new country nothing would need to be Goodman, assembled on the President’s plat- falls on all of us—not just the two leaders we improved. Fortunately, they understood that form. are inaugurating today—to take up the torch always working to be better would be the The Vice President-elect of the United of our democracy, not as a weapon of polit- hallmark of a great democracy. States, Kamala Devi Harris, and Mr. Douglas ical arson but as an instrument for good. The freedoms we have today and the Na- Emhoff assembled on the President’s plat- We pledge today never to take our democ- tion we have today is not here just because form. racy for granted as we celebrate its remark- it happened, and they aren’t complete. A The Joint Congressional Committee on In- able strength. We celebrate its resilience, its great democracy is working through the suc- augural Ceremonies: staff representative Al- grit. We celebrate the ordinary people doing cesses and failures of our history, striving to exandra Gourdikian Dicicco, accompanying extraordinary things for our Nation, the doc- be better than it had been. We are more than the House Republican leader, the Honorable tors and nurses on the frontline of this pan- we have been, and we are less than we hope Kevin McCarthy; staff representative demic, the officers in the Capitol, a new gen- to be. The assault on our Capitol at this very Bridget Brennan, accompanying House ma- eration never giving up hope for justice. place just 2 weeks ago reminds us that a gov- jority leader, the Honorable Steny Hoyer, We celebrate a new President, Joe Biden, ernment designed to balance and check itself and Ms. Yvette Lewis; staff representative who vows to restore the soul of America and is both fragile and resilient. Kate Knudsen, accompanying Speaker of the cross the river of our divides to a higher During the last year, the pandemic chal- House of Representatives, the Honorable plane. lenged our free and open society and called Nancy Pelosi, and Mr. Paul Pelosi; staff rep- We celebrate our first African-American, for extraordinary determination and sac- resentative Lindsey Kerr, accompanying the first Asian-American, and first woman Vice rifice and still challenges us today. Meeting Honorable Amy Klobuchar and Mr. John President, Kamala Harris, who stands on the that challenge head on have been and are our Bessler; staff representative Stefanie Hagar shoulders of so many on this platform who healthcare workers, scientists, first respond- Muchow, accompanying Senate majority have forged the way to this day. When she ers, essential frontline workers, and so many leader, the Honorable Mitch McConnell, and takes the oath of office, little girls and boys others we depend on in so many ways. the Honorable Elaine L. Chao; and staff rep- across the world will know that anything Today, we come to this moment; people all resentative Rachelle Graves Schroeder, ac- and everything is possible. over the world, as we are here, are watching

VerDate Sep 11 2014 02:47 Jan 22, 2021 Jkt 019060 PO 00000 Frm 00002 Fmt 0624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\A21JA6.009 S21JAPT1 ctelli on DSK11ZRN23PROD with SENATE January 21, 2021 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S77 and will watch what we do here. Our govern- president of the International Association of as one Nation under God, indivisible, to ment comes together. The Congress and the Firefighters Local 3920 recited the Pledge of carry out the peaceful transfer of power as courts join the transition of Executive re- Allegiance.) we have for more than two centuries. sponsibility. One political party is more (Applause.) As we look ahead in our uniquely Amer- pleased today and on every inaugural day Ms. KLOBUCHAR. What you are all about ican way—restless, bold, optimistic—and set than the other. But this is not a moment of to be part of, America, is a historic moment our sights on a nation we know we can and division; it is a moment of unification. A of firsts. we must be, I thank my predecessors of both new administration begins and brings with it To administer the oath to our first Afri- parties for their presence here today. I thank a new beginning; and with that, our great na- can-American, our first Asian-American, and them from the bottom of my heart. tional debate goes forward, and a determined our first woman Vice President, Kamala Har- (Applause.) democracy will continue to be essential in ris, it is my great privilege to welcome to I know the resilience of our Constitution pursuit of a more perfect union and a better the inaugural stage the first Latina to ever and the strength—the strength of our Na- future for all Americans. What a privilege serve on the Supreme Court of the United tion—as does President Carter, who I spoke for me to join you today. States of America: Justice Sonia Sotomayor. with last night, who cannot be with us Thank you. The Associate Justice of the Supreme today, but whom we salute for his lifetime in (Applause.) Court, SONIA SOTOMAYOR, administered service. I am pleased to call to the podium a long- to the Vice President-elect the oath of office I have just taken the sacred oath each of time friend of the President-elect and his prescribed by the Constitution, which she re- those patriots have taken, the oath first family, Father Leo O’Donovan, to lead us in peated as follows: sworn by George Washington. But the Amer- an invocation. I, KAMALA DEVI HARRIS, do solemnly ican story depends not on any one of us, not Please stand if you are able and remain swear that I will support and defend the Con- on some of us, but on all of us—on we, the standing for the national anthem and the stitution of the United States against all en- people, who seek a more perfect union. This pledge to our flag. emies foreign and domestic; that I will bear is a great nation. We are good people. Over Father O’DONOVAN. Gracious and mer- true faith and allegiance to the same; that I the centuries, through storm and strife, in ciful God, at this sacred time, we come be- take this obligation freely, without any peace and at war, we have come so far, but fore you in need, indeed on our knees. But we mental reservation or purpose of evasion; we still have far to go. come still more with hope and with our eyes and that I will well and faithfully discharge We will press forward with speed and ur- raised anew to the vision of a more perfect the duties of the office on which I am about gency for we have much to do in this winter union in our land, a union of all our citizens to enter. So help me God. of peril and significant possibilities—much to promote the general welfare and secure (Applause.) to repair, much to restore, much to heal, the blessings of liberty to ourselves and our (Jennifer Lopez performed ‘‘This Land Is much to build, and much to gain. Few people posterity. Your Land’’ and ‘‘America the Beautiful’’ ac- in our Nation’s history have been more chal- We are a people of many races, creeds, and companied by the U.S. Marine Band.) lenged or found a time more challenging or colors, national backgrounds, cultures, and (Applause.) difficult than the time we are in now. A styles, now far more numerous and on land Ms. KLOBUCHAR. Well, that was great. once-in-a-century virus that silently stalks much vaster than when Archbishop John The Sun is shining and, Mr. President- the country has taken as many lives in 1 Carroll wrote his prayer for the inauguration elect, this is the first inauguration in the year as America lost in all of World War II. of George Washington 232 years ago. history of America where J-Lo was the Millions of jobs have been lost, and hun- Archbishop Carroll prayed that You, a Cre- warmup act for Chief Justice Roberts. dreds of thousands of businesses closed. A ator of all, would ‘‘assist with your Holy With that, it is now my distinct honor to cry for racial justice, some 400 years in the Spirit of counsel and fortitude the President introduce the Chief Justice of the Supreme making, moves us. The dream of justice for of these United States, that his administra- Court of the United States, John Roberts, to all will be deferred no longer. tion may be conducted in righteousness and administer the Presidential oath to the next (Applause.) be eminently useful to Your people.’’ President of the United States, Joseph R. A cry for survival comes from the planet Today, we confess our past failures to live Biden. itself, a cry that can’t be any more desperate according to our vision of equality, inclu- (Applause.) or any more clear now—the rise of political sion, and freedom for all; yet we resolutely The Chief Justice of the Supreme Court, extremism, White supremacy, domestic ter- commit still more now to renewing the vi- JOHN G. ROBERTS, JR., administered to rorism that we must confront and we will de- sion, to caring for one another in word and the President-elect the oath of office pre- feat. deed, especially the least fortunate among scribed by the Constitution, which he re- (Applause.) us, and so becoming a light for the world. peated, as follows: To overcome these challenges, to restore There is a power in each and every one of I, JOSEPH ROBINETTE BIDEN, JR., do the soul and secure the future of America re- us that lives by turning to every other one of solemnly swear that I will faithfully execute quires so much more than words; it requires us, a trust of the spirit to cherish and care the office of President of the United States the most elusive of all things in a democ- and stand by others and, above all, those and will, to the best of my ability, preserve, racy: unity. Unity. most in need. It is called love, and its path protect, and defend the Constitution of the In another January on New Year’s Day in is to give ever more of itself. Today, it is United States. So help me God. 1863, Abraham Lincoln signed the Emanci- called American patriotism, borne not of The CHIEF JUSTICE. Congratulations, Mr. pation Proclamation. When he put pen to power and privilege, but of care for the com- President. paper, the President said: mon good, with malice toward none and with (Applause.) If my name ever goes down in history, it charity for all. Ms. KLOBUCHAR. My fellow Americans—a will be for this act, and my whole soul is in For our new President, we beg of you the moment we have all been waiting for—it is it. wisdom Solomon sought when he knelt be- now my great privilege and high honor to be My whole soul is in it today, on this Janu- fore you and prayed for an understanding the first person to officially introduce the ary day. My whole soul is in this: bringing heart so that ‘‘I can govern your people . . . 46th President of the United States, Joseph America together, uniting our people, unit- and know the difference between right and R. Biden, Jr. ing our Nation. I ask every American to join wrong.’’ (Applause.) me in this cause. We trust in the counsel of the letter of The PRESIDENT. Chief Justice Roberts, (Applause.) James: Uniting to fight the foes we face—anger, In any of you lacks wisdom, you should Vice President Harris, Speaker Pelosi, Lead- resentment and hatred, extremism, lawless- ask God, who gives generously to all without er Schumer, Leader McConnell, Vice Presi- ness, violence, disease, joblessness, and hope- finding fault, and it will be given to you. dent Pence, and my distinguished guests, my Pope Francis has reminded us how impor- fellow Americans, this is America’s day. This lessness—with unity, we can do great things, tant it is to dream together. ‘‘By ourselves,’’ is democracy’s day—a day of history and important things. We can right wrongs. We he wrote, ‘‘we risk seeing mirages, things hope, of renewal and resolve. can put people to work in good jobs. We can that are not there. Dreams, on the other Through a crucible for the ages, America teach our children in safe schools. We can hand, are built together.’’ has been tested anew, and America has risen overcome the deadly virus. We can reward Be with us, Holy Mystery of Love, as we to the challenge. Today, we celebrate the tri- work and rebuild the middle class and make dream together. Help us under our new umph not of a candidate but of a cause, the healthcare secure for all. We can deliver ra- President to reconcile the people of our land, cause of democracy. The people—the will of cial justice, and we can make America, once restore our dream, and invest it with peace the people—has been heard, and the will of again, the leading force for good in the and justice and the joy that is the overflow the people has been heeded. world. of love. We have learned again that democracy is I know, speaking of unity, it can sound to To the glory of Your name forever. Amen. precious, democracy is fragile, and at this some like a foolish fantasy these days. I (Performance of the National Anthem by hour, my friends, democracy has prevailed. know the forces that divide us are deep and Lady Gaga, accompanied by the U.S. Marine (Applause.) they are real, but I also know they are not Band.) Now, on this hallowed ground, where just a new. Our history has been a constant strug- (Fire Captain Andrea M. Hall, of the South few days ago violence sought to shake the gle between the American ideal, that we all Fulton Georgia Fire and Rescue Department, Capitol’s very foundation, we come together are created equal, and the harsh ugly reality

VerDate Sep 11 2014 02:47 Jan 22, 2021 Jkt 019060 PO 00000 Frm 00003 Fmt 0624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\A21JA6.012 S21JAPT1 ctelli on DSK11ZRN23PROD with SENATE S78 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE January 21, 2021 that racism, nativism, fear, and demoniza- love, defined by the common objects of their (Moment of silence.) tion have long torn us apart. The battle is love. What are the common objects we, as Amen. perennial, and victory is never assured. Americans, love that define us as Ameri- Folks, this is a time of testing. We face an Through Civil War, the Great Depression, cans? I think we know: opportunity, secu- attack on our democracy and on truth, a rag- World War, 9/11, and through struggle, sac- rity, liberty, dignity, respect, honor, and, ing virus, growing inequity, the sting of sys- rifice, and setbacks, our better angels have yes, the truth. temic racism, a climate in crisis, and Amer- always prevailed. In each of these moments, Recent weeks and months have taught us a ica’s role in the world. Any one of these enough of us—enough of us—have come to- painful lesson. There is truth, and there are would be enough to challenge us in profound gether to carry all of us forward, and we can lies, lies told for power and for profit. Each ways, but the fact is we face them all at do that now. of us has a duty and a responsibility as citi- once, presenting this Nation with one of the History, faith, and reason show the way, zens, as Americans, and especially as lead- gravest responsibilities we have had. the way of unity. We can see each other not ers—leaders who have pledged to honor our Now, we are going to be tested. Are we as adversaries, but as neighbors. We can Constitution and protect our Nation—to de- going to step up, all of us? It is time for bold- treat each other with dignity and respect. fend the truth and defeat the lies. ness, for there is so much to do. And this is We can join forces, stop the shouting, and (Applause.) certain: I promise you, we will be judged, lower the temperature. For without unity, Look, I understand that many of my fellow you and I, by how we resolve these cascading there is no peace, only bitterness and fury; Americans view the future with fear and crises of our era. Will we rise to the occasion no progress, only exhausting outrage; and no trepidation. I understand they worry about is the question. Will we master this rare and nation, only a state of chaos. This is our his- their jobs. I understand, like my dad, they difficult hour? Will we meet our obligations toric moment of crisis and challenge, and lay in bed at night staring at the ceiling, and pass along a new and better world to our unity is the path forward, and we must meet wondering: Can I keep my healthcare? Can I children? this moment as the United States of Amer- pay my mortgage? Thinking about their I believe we must. I am sure you do as well. ica. families and about what comes next. I prom- I believe we will. When we do, we will write If we do that, I guarantee you we will not ise you, I get it. the next great chapter in the history of the fail. We have never, ever, ever, ever failed in But the answer is not to turn inward and United States of America—the American America when we have acted together. So, to retreat into competing factions, dis- story—a story that might sound something today, at this time, in this place, let’s start trusting those who don’t look like you or like a song that means a lot to me. It is afresh—all of us. Let’s begin to listen to one worship the way you do or don’t get their called ‘‘American Anthem.’’ There is one another again, hear one another, see one an- news from the same sources you do. We must verse that stands out, at least for me, and it other, and show respect to one another. Poli- end this uncivil war that pits red against goes like this: tics doesn’t have to be a raging fire destroy- blue, rural versus urban, conservative versus The work and prayers of centuries have ing everything in its path. Every disagree- liberal. We can do this if we open our souls brought us to this day, which shall be our ment doesn’t have to be a cause for total instead of hardening our hearts, if we show a legacy, what will our children say? Let me war, and we must reject the culture in which little tolerance and humility, and if we are know in my heart when my days are facts themselves are manipulated and even willing to stand in the other person’s shoes, through, America, America, I gave my best manufactured. as my mom would say. Just for a moment, to you. (Applause.) stand in their shoes. Let us add our own work and prayers to My fellow Americans, we have to be dif- Because here is the thing about life: There the unfolding story of our great Nation. If we ferent than this. America has to be better is no accounting for what fate will deal you. do this, then when our days are through, our than this, and I believe America is so much Some days, you need a hand. There are other children and our children’s children will say better than this. Just look around. Here we days when we are called to lend a hand. That of us: They gave their best, they did their stand in the shadow of the Capitol dome, as is how it has to be. That is what we do for duty, they healed a broken land. was mentioned earlier, completed amid the one another. If we are this way, our country My fellow Americans, I close today where Civil War when the Union itself was literally will be stronger, more prosperous, more I began, with a sacred oath. Before God and hanging in the balance; yet we endured. We ready for the future, and we can still dis- all of you, I give you my word. I will always prevailed. agree. level with you. I will defend the Constitu- Here we stand, looking out on the great My fellow Americans, in the work ahead of tion. I will defend our democracy. I will de- Mall where Dr. King spoke of his dream. us, we are going to need each other. We need fend America, and I will give all—all of you— Here we stand, where 108 years ago, at an- all our strength to persevere through this keep everything I do in your service, think- other inaugural, thousands of protesters dark winter. We are entering what may be ing not of power but of possibilities, not of tried to block brave women marching for the the toughest and deadliest period of the personal interest but of public good. And to- right to vote. Today, we mark the swearing virus. We must set aside politics and finally gether, we shall write an American story of in of the first woman in American history face this pandemic as one Nation—one Na- hope, not fear; of unity, not division; of elected to national office, Vice President tion. light, not darkness; a story of decency and Kamala Harris. Don’t tell me things can’t (Applause.) dignity, love and healing, greatness and change. And I promise you this, as the Bible says: goodness—may this be the story that guides (Applause.) ‘‘Weeping may endure for a night, but joy us, the story that inspires us, and the story Here we stand, across the Potomac from cometh in the morning.’’ We will get through that tells ages yet to come that we answered Arlington Cemetery, where heroes who gave this together—together. the call of history. We met the moment. De- the last full measure of devotion rest in eter- (Applause.) mocracy and hope, truth and justice, did not nal peace. Here we stand, just days after a ri- Look, folks, all my colleagues I serve with die on our watch but thrived, that America otous mob thought they could use violence in the House and the Senate up here, we all secured liberty at home and stood once again to silence the will of the people, to stop the understand the world is watching, watching as a beacon to the world. That is what we work of our democracy, and to drive us from all of us today. So here is my message to owe our forbearers, one another, and genera- this sacred ground. It did not happen. It will those beyond our borders: America has been tions to follow. never happen, not today, not tomorrow, not tested, and we have come out stronger for it. So, with purpose and resolve, we turn to ever—not ever. We will repair our alliances and engage with those tasks of our time sustained by faith, (Applause.) the world once again—not to meet yester- driven by conviction, and devoted to one an- To all those who supported our campaign, day’s challenges but today’s and tomorrow’s other and the country we love with all our I am humbled by the faith you placed in us. challenges—and we will lead not merely by hearts. May God bless America, and may God To all those who did not support us, let me the example of our power but by the power of protect our troops. say this: Hear me out as we move forward. our example. Thank you, America. Take a measure of me and my heart. If you (Applause.) (Applause.) still disagree, so be it. That is democracy. We will be a strong and trusted partner for (Garth Brooks performed ‘‘Amazing That is America. The right to dissent peace- peace, progress, and security. Grace.’’) ably within the guardrails of our Republic is Look, you all know we have been through Mr. BLUNT. It is hard not to be reminded perhaps this Nation’s greatest strength; yet so much in this Nation. In my first act as of President Obama singing that same song hear me clearly. Disagreement must not lead President, I would like to ask you to join me at the Mother Emanuel Church, a song that to disunion, and I pledge this to you: I will in a moment of silent prayer. Remember all in our country is as close to both poetry and be a President for all Americans—all Ameri- those who we lost in this past year to the prayer as you could possibly come, and we cans. pandemic, those 400,000 fellow Americans— are going to finish with those two things. (Applause.) moms, dads, husbands, wives, sons, daugh- Let me introduce Amanda Gorman, our I promise you, I will fight as hard for those ters, friends, neighbors, and coworkers. We Nation’s first ever National Youth Poet Lau- who did not support me as for those who did. will honor them by becoming the people and reate. (Applause.) the Nation we know we can and should be. I Ms. GORMAN. Mr. President, Dr. Biden, Many centuries ago, St. Augustine, a saint ask you, let’s say a silent prayer for those Madam Vice President, Mr. Emhoff, Ameri- in my church, wrote that a people was a mul- who have lost their lives and those left be- cans, and the world: titude defined by the common action of their hind and for our country. When day comes we ask ourselves,

VerDate Sep 11 2014 02:47 Jan 22, 2021 Jkt 019060 PO 00000 Frm 00004 Fmt 0624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\A21JA6.015 S21JAPT1 ctelli on DSK11ZRN23PROD with SENATE January 21, 2021 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S79 where can we find light in this never-ending prevail over us? People—Your people—shall no longer raise shade? We will not march back to what was up weapons against one another, who will The loss we carry, but move to what shall be rather use our resources for the national a sea we must wade A country that is bruised but whole, good, and become a beacon of life and good We’ve braved the belly of the beast benevolent but bold, will to the world, and neither shall we learn We’ve learned that quiet isn’t always peace fierce and free hatred anymore. We will lie down in peace And the norms and notions We will not be turned around and not make our neighbors afraid. of what just is or interrupted by intimidation In You, oh, God, we discover our humanity, Isn’t always just-ice because we know our inaction and inertia and in our humanity, we discover our com- And yet the dawn is ours will be the inheritance of the next genera- monness. Beyond the difference of color, before we knew it tion creed, origin, political party, ideology, geog- Somehow we do it Our blunders become their burdens raphy, and personal preferences, we will be- Somehow we’ve weathered and witnessed But one thing is certain: come greater stewards of Your environment, a nation that isn’t broken If we merge mercy with might, preserving the land, reaping from it a sus- but simply unfinished and might with right, tainable harvest, and securing its wonder We the successors of a country and a time then love becomes our legacy and miracle-giving power for generations to Where a skinny Black girl and change our children’s birthright come. descended from slaves and raised by a single So let us leave behind a country This is our benediction, that from these mother better than the one we were left with hallowed grounds where slaves labored to can dream of becoming president Every breath from my bronze-pounded chest, build this shrine and citadel to liberty and only to find herself reciting for one we will raise this wounded world into a won- democracy, let us all acknowledge—from the And yes we are far from polished drous one indigenous Native Americans to those who far from pristine We will rise from the gold-limbed hills of the recently received their citizenship, from the but that doesn’t mean we are west, African American to those whose foreparents striving to form a union that is perfect we will rise from the windswept northeast came from Europe and every corner of the We are striving to forge a union with purpose where our forefathers first realized revolu- globe, from the wealthy to those struggling To compose a country committed to all cul- tion to make it, from every human being, regard- tures, colors, We will rise from the lake-rimmed cities of less of their choices—that this is our coun- characters and the midwestern states, try. conditions of man we will rise from the sunbaked south As such, teach us, oh, God. As such, teach And so we lift our gazes not to what stands We will rebuild, reconcile and recover us, oh, God, to live in it, love in it, be healed between us and every known nook of our nation and in it, and reconcile to one another in it, less but what stands before us every corner called our country, we miss kingdom’s goal. We close the divide because we know, to put our people diverse and beautiful will emerge, To Your glory, majesty, dominion, and our future first, battered and beautiful power forever, hallelujah. Glory hallelujah, we must first put our differences aside When day comes we step out of the shade, in the strong Name of our collective faith. We lay down our arms aflame and unafraid Amen. so we can reach out our arms The new dawn blooms as we free it (Performance of ‘‘The Stars and Stripes to one another For there is always light, Forever’’ by the U.S. Marine Band.) We seek harm to none and harmony for all if only we’re brave enough to see it (Performance of ‘‘Let Freedom Ring’’ by Let the globe, if nothing else, say this is If only we’re brave enough to be it. the U.S. Marine Band.) true: (The Inaugural Ceremony was concluded at (Applause.) That even as we grieved, we grew 12:33 p.m.) That even as we hurt, we hoped Mr. BLUNT. Thank you, Amanda Gorman. That even as we tired, we tried Now, for our benediction, I am pleased to Mr. SCHUMER. Thank you, Mr. That we’ll forever be tied together, vic- introduce the Reverend Dr. Silvester President. torious Beaman, pastor of the Bethel African Meth- The PRESIDING OFFICER (Mr. Not because we will never again know defeat odist Episcopal Church in Wilmington, DE, a BOOKER). You are welcome. but because we will never again sow division friend of President Biden for 30 years. Mr. SCHUMER. A new politeness Scripture tells us to envision Reverend BEAMAN. As a nation and people from the Chair. that everyone shall sit under their own vine of faith gathered in this historical moment, I suggest the absence of a quorum. and fig tree let us unite in prayer. The PRESIDING OFFICER. The And no one shall make them afraid God, we gather under the beauty of Your If we’re to live up to our own time holiness and the holiness of Your beauty. We clerk will call the roll. Then victory won’t lie in the blade seek Your face, Your smile, Your warm em- The senior assistant legislative clerk But in all the bridges we’ve made brace. proceeded to call the roll. That is the promise to glade We petition You once more in this celebra- Mr. MCCONNELL. Mr. President, I The hill we climb tion. We pray for divine favor upon our ask unanimous consent that the order If only we dare President, Joseph R. Biden, and our First for the quorum call be rescinded. It’s because being American is more than a Lady, Dr. Jill Biden, and their family. We The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without pride we inherit, further ask that You would extend the same objection, it is so ordered. it’s the past we step into and how we repair favor upon our Vice President, Kamala D. it Harris, and our Second Gentleman, Doug f We’ve seen a force that would shatter our na- Emhoff, and their family. More than ever— RECOGNITION OF THE MINORITY tion more than ever—they and our Nation need LEADER rather than share it You. Would destroy our country if it meant delay- We need You, for in You we discover our The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Re- ing democracy common humanity. In our common human- publican leader is recognized. And this effort very nearly succeeded ity, we will seek out the wounded and bind f But while democracy can be periodically de- their wounds. We will seek healing for those layed who are sick and diseased. We will mourn BUSINESS BEFORE THE SENATE it can never be permanently defeated our dead. We will befriend the lonely, the Mr. MCCONNELL. Mr. President, for In this truth least, and the left out. We will share our this 117th Congress, the American peo- in this faith we trust abundance with those who are hungry. We ple chose an evenly split Senate—50 For while we have our eyes on the future will do justly to the oppressed, acknowledge history has its eyes on us sin, and seek forgiveness, thus grasping rec- Republicans and 50 Democrats. With This is the era of just redemption onciliation. the election of Vice President HARRIS, We feared at its inception In discovering our humanity, we will seek that means the Democratic leader will We did not feel prepared to be the heirs the good in and for all our neighbors. We will act as majority leader. of such a terrifying hour love the unlovable, remove the stigma of the So I want to congratulate my col- but within it we found the power to author a so-called untouchables. We will care for our league from New York. His pride and new chapter most vulnerable, our children, the elderly, emotion were palpable yesterday as To offer hope and laughter to ourselves emotionally challenged, and the poor. We this self-described ‘‘kid from Brooklyn So while once we asked, will seek rehabilitation beyond correction. how could we possibly prevail over catas- We will extend opportunity to those locked [and] son of an exterminator and a trophe? out of opportunity. We will make friends of housewife’’ became the first Jewish Now we assert our enemies. We will make friends of our en- Member of Congress to lead either How could catastrophe possibly emies. Chamber—a historic milestone.

VerDate Sep 11 2014 04:23 Jan 22, 2021 Jkt 019060 PO 00000 Frm 00005 Fmt 0624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\A21JA6.018 S21JAPT1 ctelli on DSK11ZRN23PROD with SENATE S80 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE January 21, 2021 Now, the Senate has handled an even But if and when our Democratic friends MORNING BUSINESS split before. Twenty years ago, faced depart from common sense, when they The PRESIDING OFFICER. Under with the same scenario, the two leaders retreat from common ground or their the previous order, the Senate will be brokered a power-sharing agreement so proposals harm the common good, then in a period of morning business, with the institution could function smooth- we will use the power the American Senators permitted to speak therein ly. people have given us to push for what for up to 10 minutes each. The Democratic leader and I are dis- we think is right. Mr. MCCONNELL. I suggest the ab- cussing a similar agreement now. I On the Biden administration’s very sence of a quorum. have been heartened to hear my col- first day, it took several big steps in The PRESIDING OFFICER. The league say he wants the same rules the wrong direction. The President re- clerk will call the roll. from the 2000s to apply today, because, entered the failed Paris climate agree- The senior assistant legislative clerk certainly, 20 years ago there was no ment, a terrible bargain that would set proceeded to call the roll. talk—none whatsoever—of tearing us up to self-inflict major economic Mr. DURBIN. Mr. President, I ask down longstanding minority rights on pain on working American families unanimous consent that the order for legislation. with no assurance that China or Russia the quorum call be rescinded. The legislative filibuster is a crucial would honor their commitments. In The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without part of the Senate. Leading Democrats, fact, the United States has already objection, it is so ordered. like President Biden himself, have long been reducing carbon emissions, while The majority whip. defended it. Democrats themselves just China and other nations in the agree- f spent 6 years using it, literally, to ment have kept increasing theirs. Re- block bills from Senator TIM SCOTT’s joining will just set us up to kill Amer- CORONAVIRUS police reform to coronavirus relief. ican jobs while our competitors con- Mr. DURBIN. Mr. President, I am And less than 4 years ago, when it tinue to roar on by. was Republicans who held the Senate, happy to be standing here today on the The President also unilaterally can- Senate floor during an exciting week the House, and the Presidency, 27 cur- celed the Keystone XL Pipeline. The rent Democrats plus Vice President and one that really provides us with day-one priority was to kill thousands hope for the future. I welcome Presi- HARRIS signed a letter insisting this of American jobs, including union jobs, longstanding rule should not be bro- dent Biden and, of course, Vice Presi- disappoint our strong ally Canada, and dent HARRIS to their new roles and ken. reverse some of our progress toward en- So if the talk of unity and common look forward to their leadership that ergy security. This is a project that the ground is to have meaning and, cer- they will provide in these difficult liberal Canadian Government and tainly, if the rules from 20 years ago times. Prime Minister Trudeau support—an are to be our guide, then I cannot We can never forget that America is investment in North American energy. imagine the Democratic leader would still in the midst of a deadly pandemic. Even the Obama State Department rather hold up the power-sharing Tragically, we lost over 400,000 Ameri- concluded it would not harm the cli- agreement than simply reaffirm that cans. In my State of Illinois, we have mate. But because canceling the pipe- his side won’t be breaking this stand- seen more than 1 million COVID cases, line project just feels like the green ing rule of the Senate. and 18,398 of my neighbors and friends thing to do, the new administration I appreciate our ongoing, good-faith in Illinois have died due to this deadly killed all these jobs. This was not the discussions and look forward to finding virus. day one the American workers de- the solution together. As we continue to try to stop the served. Our side takes a great deal of pride in spread of this pandemic, I am glad that the accomplishments that three con- The new administration has also the vaccine rollout has been able to secutive Republican Senates have de- sketched out a massive proposal for help some in my State—537,000 people livered for the American people. blanket amnesty that would gut en- in Illinois have received vaccines. It is In 2014, our majority was elected to forcement of American laws while cre- a refreshing and long overdue sight to check and balance the last years of a ating huge new incentives for people to have the President and White House lameduck Presidency. rush here illegally at the same time. fully engaged in addressing this pan- In 2016, we were reelected to help ig- This kind of failed approach will invite demic with a focus on science and ra- nite a real, all-American economic another humanitarian crisis on our cial equity. comeback, rebuild and modernize our border and privilege powerful interests On his first day yesterday, President military, and fight for the forgotten ahead of American workers. Biden signed several important Execu- corners of our country. Together with For all the talk about norms within tive actions, including instituting a the Trump administration and a Re- government, last night brought a truly mask mandate for all Federal facilities publican House, we did just that. unprecedented move at the National and buildings. In 2018, we were rehired again on Labor Relations Board. The President Secondly, he moved to rejoin the those strong results, especially the his- fired the Board’s independent general World Health Organization. This was toric job market for American workers counsel almost a year before the end of one of the most confounding decisions and our commitment to the judiciary. his term. Even leftwing activists called by the Trump administration. In the And now, even as voters chose Presi- the unprecedented move ‘‘aggressive.’’ midst of a global pandemic, President dent Biden for the White House, they Now, it is still early. There is still Trump opted to remove the United simultaneously shrunk Democrats’ plenty of time for President Biden to States from the World Health Organi- House majority and elected this evenly remember that he does not owe his zation, which was focusing on the divided Senate. election to the far left. The President spread of this pandemic and its impact The 2020 election was as far from a can and should refocus his administra- on nations around the world. sweeping mandate for ideological tion on creating good-paying American Finally, President Biden created an transformation as any election we have jobs, not sacrificing our people’s liveli- office to coordinate a national response seen in modern history. The American hoods to liberal symbolism. Senate Re- to the pandemic. Today he is outlining people stunned the so-called experts publicans will be ready, willing, and a strong plan to provide a national with the number of Republicans they eager to help make that happen. strategy to liberate us from this sent to the House and to the Senate to threat. make sure commonsense conservative f I must say that I was disappointed in values have a powerful say in the gov- the transition when at first President ernment. Trump refused to acknowledge that he RESERVATION OF LEADER TIME So our side is ready to share ideas lost the election, and then his Agencies and work with the Biden administra- The PRESIDING OFFICER. Under dragged their feet when it came to in- tion, applying common sense to find the previous order, the leadership time forming the Biden administration of common ground for the common good. is reserved. the status quo in America. Thus,

VerDate Sep 11 2014 02:47 Jan 22, 2021 Jkt 019060 PO 00000 Frm 00006 Fmt 0624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\G21JA6.002 S21JAPT1 ctelli on DSK11ZRN23PROD with SENATE January 21, 2021 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S81 today, we learn that we were not as how to allocate and address racial and $50 billion for testing that President prepared as we should have been when ethnic disparities that have been mag- Biden has asked for as part of his res- it came to distributing the vaccines nified by this crisis. cue package so we can finally, once and that were being manufactured across We know the economic damage of for all, crush this virus, get the econ- this country. Now we almost have to this virus continues to linger. Nearly omy back on its feet, and get our kids start from zero to find a way to meet one in four people in my State in back in school. President Biden’s challenge of 100 mil- renter households reports being behind It also means investing in the health lion Americans vaccinated in the first on rent, and one in three households workforce, such as through a bill I 100 days that he is in office. I pray that reports having difficulty just covering have introduced with Senator MARCO he is successful. We should do every- usual household expenses. RUBIO, Republican of Florida, to pro- thing in our power on both sides of the We continue to see historic numbers vide scholarship and loan repayment aisle to give him the resources and the of Americans filing for unemployment, through the National Health Service cooperation he needs. including more than 100,000 people in Corps for doctors and nurses to serve in The fact sheet of things that will be Illinois who applied for unemployment communities with a shortage of pro- done by the Biden administration on last week. But to fully address the viders. COVID–19 is lengthy and impressive. health and economic toll of the pan- I say to the Presiding Officer, I am The President, on the first day, estab- demic, Congress needs to build upon sure you are personally aware that lished a White House COVID–19 Re- the work we did in December and heed there are fewer African-American doc- sponse Office and Coordinator, as I the call of the $1.9 trillion plan that tors in the United States today than mentioned, required mask wearing and President Biden outlined last week. there were 10 years ago. I am sorry to social distancing in Federal facilities, I was part of a bipartisan group of report that. It should be just the oppo- and rejoined the World Health Organi- Senators who met several months ago. site. We should have so many more, for zation. We talked about following on the many reasons, not the least of which is Today, President Biden also unveiled CARES Act with some measure of to overcome health inequity. a national strategy to leverage Federal COVID relief. We proposed a plan of This scholarship program that Sen- resources. It outlines detailed plans for $908 billion, which was then embraced ator RUBIO and I are proposing builds a comprehensive vaccination strategy. by the leaders on both sides of the aisle on the model of the National Health If there was cheering—and there should and the White House, and they nego- Service Corp, which tracks young doc- have been—for the Warp Speed project tiated further. That resulted in the tors to come and serve in underserved developing successful vaccines in a measure we passed just a few days ago. areas and to help underserved popu- short period of time, it was followed by But make no mistake, that was not the lations, and then helps pay off their some disappointment that even with end of the story, nor did we envision student loans. We take this approach: these vaccines and the knowledge of that it would be. This was done on a Keep that; it is good. Expand it where how to make them, we are not pro- temporary emergency basis to cover we can, but let’s look at another as- ducing them in the quantities nec- the first quarter; that is, the first 3 pect. What if we provided scholarship essary, and we are not addressing the months of this calendar year. I pray assistance and really directed it toward logistics of spreading these vaccines that this pandemic and all of the prob- minority candidates to become doctors across America where they are needed lems it has caused will soon be gone, and dentists and nurses and healthcare the most. but I doubt that it will happen in the professionals? All of those aspects The President is setting out to re- next 3 months. would be encouraged if people knew store trust by leading with experts for We have more work to do, and Presi- that they had a scholarship through public outreach, and he is relying on dent Biden knows it. I think we all do. the National Health Service and the science. That is refreshing. It is hard to We need to come together again on a promise that they would serve where imagine something that basic is as re- bipartisan basis. they were needed after they graduated. freshing as it is. He is providing re- The first CARES Act passed the Sen- We hope this will be included in any sources and guidance to reopen most ate by a vote of 96 to nothing. There measure that is passed in the near fu- K–8 schools in 100 days. Wouldn’t that were no dissenting votes. The second ture. be a blessing? There isn’t a parent or measure, I believe, had 91 or 92 votes in The President’s plan sets out addi- grandparent in this country who won’t favor of it. So we have shown real bi- tional relief measures that will float to cheer that particular goal. He is ad- partisanship. We can’t quit on this those in need. I am especially encour- dressing supply gaps and State capac- challenge. aged by making the child tax credit ity. We are finding them virtually all Janet Yellen has been named as the fully refundable. That is going to ben- across the United States. And he is fo- Treasure Secretary designate by Presi- efit 1 million kids in my State. cusing on vulnerable populations, in- dent Biden. I had a conversation with Also, the Biden plan aims to safely cluding those in long-term care facili- her 2 weeks ago. We talked about the open schools, businesses, and travel ties and communities of color. perilous state of the economy. It is while protecting workers in these areas To implement this plan, President naive for us to believe that the worst is and committing to protecting our most Biden will sign Executive orders today behind us. We have to face the reality vulnerable populations. to direct agencies to exercise all au- that we may have darker days ahead, I am ready to continue pushing for thorities, including the Defense Pro- and we have to be prepared to deal with COVID relief. The job isn’t finished by duction Act, to accelerate the manu- them—first, with the pandemic and, any means. We must provide American facturing and delivery of vaccination, second, with the economy. Even the families and workers the tools they testing, and medical supplies. Let me Chairman of the Federal Reserve has need to survive in this difficult eco- say, I have never understood why encouraged us not to take our foot off nomic time. President Trump refused to use this the accelerator, lest we lapse into a re- As Chair Yellen said earlier this Defense Production Act to its full ca- cession or worse. week, ‘‘Without further action, we risk pacity, to use his leadership as Presi- Let’s take this seriously. Let’s help a longer, more painful recession now— dent to marshal the resources of pro- the businesses, help the workers, help and long-term scarring of the economy duction and distribution of vaccines the families, and do our best to get this later.’’ and other absolutely necessary medical economy back on its feet. Let’s do this, America. Let’s do it to- devices. Illinois has spent $843 million in our gether. Let’s let the spirit of unity President Biden also is directing health departments to expand testing that we saw on the West Front of the FEMA to increase Federal reimburse- and vaccine delivery from the Decem- Capitol yesterday bring us together ment to States from 75 to 100 percent ber package. But with half a million here in the Senate and the House in a for emergency supplies, such as PPE, people vaccinated so far in a State of 13 joint effort to help the American peo- and National Guard personnel. He is es- million, more resources and support ple with the resources they need to sur- tablishing a Healthy Equity Task are needed. That means providing the vive this pandemic and this lengthy fi- Force to provide recommendations on $20 billion for vaccine distribution and nancial hardship.

VerDate Sep 11 2014 02:47 Jan 22, 2021 Jkt 019060 PO 00000 Frm 00007 Fmt 0624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\G21JA6.004 S21JAPT1 ctelli on DSK11ZRN23PROD with SENATE S82 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE January 21, 2021 I yield the floor. It means working together to con- good-paying job. That is where the I suggest the absence of the quorum. front our Nation’s challenges, instead American dream begins. The PRESIDING OFFICER. The of adopting an ‘‘our way or the high- Today, as our Nation fights to over- clerk will call the roll. way’’ approach. It means preserving come the horrendous health and eco- The senior assistant legislative clerk minority rights in the Senate when it nomic impacts of COVID–19, we must proceeded to call the roll. comes to legislation, the heart—the balance our approach. We have to pro- Mr. THUNE. Mr. President, I ask heart—of what makes the Senate spe- tect American families and individuals unanimous consent that the order for cial and something Republicans, I who have been hurt by this crisis, sup- the quorum call be rescinded. might add, defended during our time in port commonsense public health poli- The PRESIDING OFFICER (Mr. the majority. cies and an aggressive vaccine distribu- KING). Without objection, it is so or- For the President, it means nomi- tion effort, while also keeping busi- dered. nating individuals who represent a ma- nesses open, incentivizing future f jority of Americans, not the far left growth of businesses, large and small, BIDEN ADMINISTRATION fringes of his party. I have seen some and standing up to our economic adver- Mr. THUNE. Mr. President, I want to hopeful actions from President Biden. saries, like Communist China, by re- start by congratulating President Several of his nominees for important shoring our supply chain back home. Biden and Vice President HARRIS, who posts, while perhaps not those whom I We also need to continue cutting reg- took office yesterday. We have a team would have chosen, are public servants ulations to make it easier for busi- of former Senators in the White House. whom I believe will serve our country nesses to operate and for entrepreneurs Yesterday was a hopeful day. The well in positions like Director of Na- to create jobs. Capitol Building, so recently besieged tional Intelligence, whom we voted on President Biden and his Cabinet have by violence and lawlessness, resumed yesterday. And the President has dem- the important task of revitalizing our its rightful place as the seat of our de- onstrated both his leadership and his economy amid one of our Nation’s mocracy and backdrop for the peaceful concern for all Americans by worst economic crises. In my 8 years as transfer of power from one President to prioritizing the pandemic and focusing Governor of Florida, we balanced our the next that is a hallmark of our sys- on getting Americans vaccinated. budget each year, cut $10 billion in tem of government. The faith of many But there have been troubling things taxes, paid off one-third of our State Americans has been shaken in recent as well. While the President has nomi- debt, and Florida companies added weeks. But yesterday reminded us that nated some mainstream candidates, nearly 1.7 million jobs. But instead of our democracy still stands and our Na- other nominations raise serious con- looking to innovation and approving tion endures—bruised, maybe, but un- cerns on issues like overregulation of policies of States like Florida that will broken. the economy and life and conscience create jobs and help Americans and I also want to express my profound protections. small businesses, the Biden administra- gratitude to the Capitol Police officers While I applaud the President’s focus tions is already making promises to go and other law enforcement who, on the pandemic, I am concerned that in the opposite direction—promises though outnumbered and overrun, de- a number of the measures in his pan- that are being championed by his fended this Capitol on January 6, and demic relief proposal are heavily par- nominee for Treasury Secretary, Janet to the soldiers and the law enforcement tisan—and, certainly, not things that Yellen. who have guarded this building in the should be rushed through Congress Let me be clear. I support targeted days since. We live in peace and free- without serious consideration of the relief to help our small businesses and dom because of the service and sac- long-term impact they would have on individuals who are hurting because of rifice of our military and our police of- our economy and American families. the coronavirus. With the start of a ficers. If there was any mandate given in new administration, I was hoping to After the election of November, this election, it was a mandate for hear some fresh, new ideas on how to President Biden gave a victory speech moderation. A historic number of accomplish our shared goal of address- in which he pledged to be ‘‘a President Americans voted for President Biden, ing this crisis. But that is not what we who seeks not to divide, but to unify. but a historic number voted for Presi- are hearing from the Biden administra- Who doesn’t see Red and Blue states, dent Trump as well. Democrats lost tion. Their answer is the same as it al- but a United States. And who will work seats in the House of Representatives, ways has been for Democrats: more with all my heart to win the confidence and the Senate is evenly divided. government, more spending, higher of the whole people.’’ I hope—I really hope—that Democrat taxes, no accountability. He reiterated that commitment in leaders and the President will remem- Voters are befuddled by the claim yesterday’s speech, stating: ‘‘On this ber that and not allow the far left, that while families cannot borrow January day, my whole soul is in this: which has sought to hijack the Demo- without limits or consequences, some- Bringing America together, uniting our cratic Party in recent years, to deter- how the Federal Government can. It is people, uniting our nation.’’ mine their agenda. We have a chance— irresponsible, and I won’t stand for it. That is what we need right now—a a chance—for a new day here in this We have to get serious about how we President who will unite us. If Presi- country, and I believe that President are spending taxpayer dollars. We al- dent Biden can truly be a President Biden is committed to leading us there. ready have more than $27 trillion in who governs for all Americans, who re- I pray that that commitment will en- Federal debt. spects all Americans, and who works to dure and that we can spend the next If interest rates return to their 50- win the confidence of the whole people, months and years working together, year average, the interest on our Fed- he will have done our Nation a great legislating together, and ensuring the eral debt will make it impossible to service. voices of all Americans are respected fund our military, Medicare, and Social And I do think President Biden is ca- and heard. Security. pable of doing this, but I do want to I yield the floor. President Biden wants to spend more sound a cautionary note. It is common The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen- than $350 billion to bail out wasteful, to talk about unity at Presidential in- ator from Florida. liberal States for their decades of mis- augurations. But all too often that f management, and his nominees, includ- commitment to unity is forgotten—by ing Ms. Yellen, support this nonsense. the President or by the members of his BIDEN ADMINISTRATION Andrew Cuomo has threatened the party. I hope this commitment will be Mr. SCOTT of Florida. Mr. President, New York wealthy that if they don’t backed up with action and that Demo- there have been few other times in help him get a Federal Government crat leaders in Congress will embrace American history when the need for bailout, he will raise their taxes. the President’s words. That means re- economic growth through strategic, re- I was elected Governor of Florida specting those Americans who didn’t sponsible, pro-business policies has when Cuomo was elected Governor of vote for President Biden as well as been as great as it is today. Nothing is New York. While Governor of Florida, I those who did. more important to a family than a lowered taxes each year. Cuomo raised

VerDate Sep 11 2014 02:47 Jan 22, 2021 Jkt 019060 PO 00000 Frm 00008 Fmt 0624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\G21JA6.005 S21JAPT1 ctelli on DSK11ZRN23PROD with SENATE January 21, 2021 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S83 taxes. Since we were both elected, fam- from a minimum-wage mandate is FILIBUSTER ilies and businesses have increasingly ‘‘very minimal, if anything,’’ it really Mr. SULLIVAN. Madam President, left New York for lower taxes, better leaves me at a loss. Watching 3.7 mil- there is a lot going on in the Senate, a schools, better roads, and warmer lion Americans lose their jobs will not lot of activity behind the scenes right weather in Florida. be minimal. now. Leadership of both parties is ne- Asking taxpayers to bail out failed Adding insult to injury, we have gotiating a 50–50 power-sharing agree- politicians in liberal States like New heard great praise for the implementa- ment, which is very important for the York and Illinois and save them from tion of a carbon tax. Let’s remember, Senate and very important for our Na- their own bad decisions isn’t fair to the this was part of the Green New Deal, tion. taxpayers in fiscally responsible States which would be a disaster if passed. Ac- One issue that is being discussed is like Florida. After all, many Florida cording to estimates from the Heritage the status of what is going to happen, taxpayers left New York because of Foundation, a carbon emissions tax possibly—hopefully, nothing is going to Cuomo’s tax policy. would cost the country 1.4 million jobs happen—with a really important ele- It makes no sense. Congress has al- while decreasing our GDP by $3.9 tril- ment of the U.S. Senate: the legislative ready allocated more than $4.5 trillion lion and reducing income for a family filibuster—something that has been a to address this crisis. Think about it. of four by $40,000, with dispropor- hallmark of this body almost since the We just passed a nearly $1 trillion re- tionate costs falling on low-income founding of the Republic. This lief package 4 weeks ago. This is all families. Again, how can this be seen as shouldn’t be a hard issue. borrowed money. The Federal Govern- the logical step when so many in our I ask unanimous consent to have ment doesn’t have savings for a rainy Nation are simply trying to recover printed in the RECORD a letter, led by day, and we still don’t know how much and rebuild from the devastation of the Senator COLLINS and Senator COONS, money is unspent from the previous COVID–19 pandemic? dated April 7, 2017, to the then-major- coronavirus relief packages. How can If the administration has its way, ity leader, Senator MCCONNELL, and we possibly justify spending more Americans should prepare for higher the Democratic leader, Senator SCHU- money right now? We don’t even know taxes, less income, less opportunity, MER. what we might need to spend money and more government mandates. There being no objection, the mate- on. Ms. Yellen seems to think the solu- rial was ordered to be printed in the And for States like California, we tion to America’s economic woes is RECORD, as follows: know they don’t need it. California’s more government, more taxes, more U.S. SENATE, tax revenues for this fiscal year is run- regulation, not more individual oppor- Washington, DC, April 7, 2017. ning $9 billion, or 18 percent, above tunity. That is wrong and will only Hon. MITCH MCCONNELL, projections. Personal income tax rev- send us further into debt and our fami- Majority Leader, U.S. Senate, Washington, DC. enue in October was $1 billion—15 per- lies further into despair. Hon. CHARLES E. SCHUMER, cent higher than in the previous Octo- Based on what I have heard, I am ber, and sales taxes were up 9.2 percent. Democratic Leader, concerned and, frankly, disturbed by U.S. Senate, Washington, DC. For the last 4 months, overall revenue what is being offered as the future of DEAR MAJORITY LEADER MCCONNELL AND in California has exceeded spring fore- America’s economic policy. When I ran DEMOCRATIC LEADER SCHUMER: We are writ- casts and even 2019 collections. But for the Senate, I did so to fix Washing- ing to urge you to support our efforts to pre- that hasn’t kept Governor Newsom and ton’s broken way of doing things. We serve existing rules, practices, and traditions as they pertain to the right of Members to his far left buddies in Congress from have to address Washington’s uncon- keeping their hands out for more engage in extended debate on legislation be- scionable need to waste tax dollars on fore the United States Senate. Senators have money. things that don’t actually help or even We cannot simply throw massive expressed a variety of opinions about the ap- hurt American families, especially propriateness of limiting debate when we are spending at this with no accountability working families and those on fixed in- considering judicial and executive branch to the current and future American comes. I will never give up this fight. nominations. Regardless of our past dis- taxpayer. It is shameful. In 2018, Ms. Yellen was quoted speak- agreements on that issue, we are united in We have also heard the Biden admin- ing about the unsustainable U.S. debt our determination to preserve the ability of istration and its nominees call for a Members to engage in extended debate when and said: ‘‘If I had a magic wand, I new national minimum wage of $15 an bills are on the Senate floor. would raise taxes.’’ We know that is hour. It is clear that these folks We are mindful of the unique role the Sen- not the real answer to solving our debt haven’t talked to business owners. ate plays in the legislative process, and we issue. It is simply the lazy, liberal ap- are steadfastly committed to ensuring that Small businesses in America are strug- proach. this great American institution continues to gling like never before, especially in It is time to get value out of every serve as the world’s greatest deliberative liberal States, where repeated dollar we spend and make hard choices body. Therefore, we are asking you to join us lockdowns have exacerbated their work in opposing any effort to curtail the existing that actually help families and ensure to stay open. And President Biden be- rights and prerogatives of Senators to en- a strong economic future for our Na- lieves now is the time to slap another gage in full, robust, and extended debate as tion. mandate on their back and drive even we consider legislation before this body in more Americans chasing the dream of I cannot support the nomination of a the future. Sincerely, this country out of business? I am not candidate who proudly promotes Joe Biden’s policies to mortgage our kids’ Susan M. Collins, Orrin Hatch, Claire sure how you could possibly be more McCaskill, Lisa Murkowski, Christopher A. and grandkids’ futures with irrespon- detached from reality. Coons, Joe Manchin, III, John McCain, Pat- According to the Congressional Budg- sible and shortsighted tax spending. rick J. Leahy, Roger F. Wicker, Luther et Office, a federally mandated $15 min- I yield the floor. Strange, Angus S. King, Jr., Michael F. Ben- imum wage would cost as many as 3.7 The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen- net, Amy Klobuchar, Robert P. Casey, Jr., million Americans their jobs. ator from Florida. Martin Heinrich, John Boozman, Lindsey Let me tell you, I know what it is Mr. SCOTT of Florida. I suggest the Graham, Richard Burr, Mark R. Warner, absence of a quorum. Jerry Moran. like to be poor, to live in public hous- Roy Blunt, Marco Rubio, Jeanne Shaheen, ing, to not have enough money to af- The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Thom Tillis, Sherrod Brown, Shelley Moore ford healthcare for a family member. I clerk will call the roll. Capito, Kirsten E. Gillibrand, Brian Schatz, watched my parents struggle for work. The legislative clerk proceeded to Michael B. Enzi, Dean Heller, Cory A. Book- I don’t want any family to go through call the roll. er, Mazie K. Hirono, Dianne Feinstein, John what I went through. Mr. SULLIVAN. Madam President, I Thune, Bill Cassidy, Heidi Heitkamp, Jeff I ran for office because I wanted to ask unanimous consent that the order Flake, Chuck Grassley, Maria Cantwell, Rob Portman. help struggling families like the one I for the quorum call be rescinded. Lamar Alexander, John Kennedy, Jon grew up in to have the chance to live The PRESIDING OFFICER (Ms. WAR- Tester, Thomas R. Carper, Pat Roberts, Mar- the American dream. So when I hear REN). Without objection, it is so or- garet Wood Hassan, Tammy Duckworth, folks like Ms. Yellen say that job loss dered. Jack Reed, Thad Cochran, Joe Donnelly, Ben

VerDate Sep 11 2014 04:14 Jan 22, 2021 Jkt 019060 PO 00000 Frm 00009 Fmt 0624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\G21JA6.007 S21JAPT1 ctelli on DSK11ZRN23PROD with SENATE S84 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE January 21, 2021 Sasse, Todd Young, Kamala D. Harris, Bill been talking about it. It should not be and readiness, but I think we can all Nelson, Johnny Isakson, Edward J. Markey, a difficult decision, particularly given agree that there has been too much Mike Lee, Debbie Stabenow, Sheldon White- that so many Senators on both sides of turmoil at the top at the Pentagon. As house, Robert Menendez, Tim Kaine. the aisle feel strongly enough to have its civilian leader, I am confident that Mr. SULLIVAN. Over 60 Senators in written Senator SCHUMER and Senator Mr. Austin will bring steadiness, lead- the U.S. Senate—the majority of Re- MCCONNELL just a couple of years ago ership, and respect to this indispen- publicans and the majority of Demo- on this. sable American institution. crats—sent this letter to who was then To all of my colleagues who signed I got to know Mr. Austin in 2005 and leadership of the Senate, writing, in es- that letter—you know who you are— 2006 while serving together in an Army- sence: Don’t change the legislative fili- make sure you are pressing the new heavy combatant command as we con- buster. majority leader to stick to what you ducted combat operations throughout A bunch of Democrats and a bunch of pressed him on just a couple of years the Middle East. We had what might be Republicans—I was going to read the ago. It is important. referred to today as an unequal power names, but they know who they are— f relationship. He was a two-star gen- the majority on both sides in this body, eral. I was a major. He had spent years from both parties, in 2017 said: Don’t NOMINATION OF LLOYD JAMES on Active Duty. I was a reservist. He change it. This shouldn’t be something AUSTIN was a soldier. I was a marine. I was just the U.S. Senate changes. Mr. SULLIVAN. Madam President, I one of hundreds of field-grade infantry Part of the reason this was going on also want to talk about another impor- officers who had been recalled to Ac- was that, at the time, then-President tant issue, and that is President tive Duty and deployed in the region Trump was pressing Senators, particu- Biden’s nomination for the very impor- during a challenging time for our Na- larly Majority Leader MCCONNELL, to tant job of Secretary of Defense, Mr. tion. Yet, when I asked for his time, change the filibuster. The filibuster re- Lloyd Austin. We are going to be vot- Mr. Austin gave it. When I had a prob- quires 60 votes to move legislation in ing on his nomination here on the Sen- lem, he listened. When I asked for help the Senate. It requires compromise. It ate floor in a couple of hours. on an important mission, he provided requires bipartisanship. It is what I had the honor of introducing Mr. it. makes us different from the House. At Austin just 2 days ago at his confirma- A critical hallmark of exceptional the time, then-Republican President tion hearing, and I thought the con- leadership, especially for organizations Trump was saying: Change it. I want firmation hearing went well. So I want like the Pentagon, is not just how one legislation to move more quickly. to talk a little bit about Mr. Austin be- treats superiors but how one treats The Republicans and then-Majority fore we take what will essentially be subordinates, those down the chain of Leader MCCONNELL said that it was not two important votes for his confirma- command. What I saw was respect and a good idea. As a matter of fact, most tion. integrity and someone who knew how of us said that it was not a good idea, Now, the last time I was actually on to get things done in a difficult envi- so we didn’t do anything. We didn’t the floor of the U.S. Senate, our Cap- ronment. change it because we didn’t want to itol was under siege, and from a foreign It is clear to me the core principles of change the nature of the U.S. Senate. policy and national security perspec- Mr. Austin’s life have been duty, This is one of the issues being dis- tive, America’s authoritarian rivals honor, country. West Point has done cussed right now, but it shouldn’t be a have been gloating over what happened its job. Now, that may sound quaint to difficult issue because, as I said, the on that day. They have been reveling some, but I think having individuals of vast majority of Senators in this body, in our disunity. Democracy brings impeccable character at the top of our a couple of years ago, said: Don’t do it. chaos, they tell their people. It is bet- government is more important than We don’t want the Senate to just be- ter to have a strong hand that keeps ever. Other than integrity, there is no come a smaller version of the House, order. Well, as you know, we do live in singular requirement for the difficult because that is what would happen if an imperfect democracy, no doubt, and job of Secretary of Defense, and as the you were to get rid of the legislative the American I was honored to intro- former Director of the Joint Staff and filibuster. duce at the Armed Services hearing the as the former CENTCOM Commander, I do want to extend my congratula- other day, Mr. Lloyd Austin, under- Mr. Austin certainly has insight on tions to the new majority leader as of stands our imperfections more than critical issues, such as interagency yesterday, Senator SCHUMER, but to many. budget battles, working with allies, the new majority leader: This should Yet, on closer inspection, the world’s and congressional oversight. not be a difficult issue. This should not dictators have little to celebrate. Con- Mr. Austin is also fully committed to be something that we are having a gress went back to work on January 6, the constitutional principle of civilian problem with in terms of the negotia- right here on the Senate floor, to count control of our military—something tions between the Democrats and the electoral votes, and yesterday there that those who serve in uniform typi- Republicans that delays the power- was a peaceful transfer of power at the cally understand and revere more than sharing agreement. This should be a top of our government, as there has those who don’t. In that regard, you piece of cake. Just a couple of years been since our Republic’s founding. may recall that, about 10 days ago, we ago, the vast majority of Democrats At some point—maybe sooner than had a hearing in the Committee on and Republicans said: Don’t change the we think—Chinese and Russian citizens Armed Services on this very important legislative filibuster. We want to make are going to ask: Hey, why can’t we do topic, but I actually thought some of sure that remains the case. that? Why don’t we have strong, resil- the witnesses had rather simplistic I think, for the new majority leader, ient institutions that ensure the reg- views of this important issue. this would be an act of statesmanship, ular elections of new leaders and that They had brought up topics and dis- an act of compromise, and would cer- invest in self-government and the peo- cussions of so-called ‘‘military logic’’ tainly make the statement that he is ple? by those who wear the uniform versus going to keep the Senate the same as it When these citizens ask these ques- ‘‘political logic’’ for those who don’t has been for decades, for centuries. tions of authoritarians like Putin or Xi wear the uniform. Changing the legislative filibuster Jinping, they are not going to be gloat- So let me play devil’s advocate for would change the entire structure, his- ing anymore because they won’t have those who participated and watched tory, and precedent of this very impor- answers to these questions. that hearing. tant body in our country, so it So what does this all have to do with The very nature of the confirmation shouldn’t be hard. The vast majority of Mr. Lloyd Austin? A lot. Mr. Austin hearing that we had with Mr. Austin the Democrats and Republicans has al- has been nominated to lead one of just 2 days ago and, indeed, the very ready agreed to this. America’s most trusted institutions— nature of the transfer of power that we To our new majority leader: Do what the Department of Defense. Many of us saw yesterday here at the Capitol are you know is right—an act of states- have worked hard over the last few evidence, in my view, that the civilian manship and compromise. We have all years to rebuild our military’s strength control of the military is not at risk in

VerDate Sep 11 2014 02:47 Jan 22, 2021 Jkt 019060 PO 00000 Frm 00010 Fmt 0624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\A21JA6.008 S21JAPT1 ctelli on DSK11ZRN23PROD with SENATE January 21, 2021 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S85 America. I actually believe the related the place where a President and Vice Cleveland Food Bank or Central Ohio but opposite problem should be of more President were sworn in for 4 years. Food Bank. They are working hard concern today, at this moment, and Starting in 1789, every 4 years, Amer- alongside volunteers to respond to a that problem is no military experience ica and the world have witnessed this true crisis. in the top ranks of our government. remarkable event that provides for the But that is not all. The Ohio Na- With the exception of Mr. Austin, no peaceful transfer of Executive power tional Guard has played an essential nominee on the incoming Biden admin- and the continuity of government— role in providing critical assistance to istration’s national security team has something we sometimes take for our prisons and our jails when guards ever served in uniform. With regard to granted but is rare, even today. It has were out with the COVID virus. They the entire Biden Cabinet, only one happened through wars. It has hap- have helped with testing. They have other nominee has any military experi- pened through economic recessions. We helped to get the COVID–19 vaccines ence at all. This is not wise. have had our inaugurations today and distributed across our State, and they If confirmed, I am sure I won’t agree during this unprecedented COVID–19 are continuing to do that. We can’t with all of Mr. Austin’s decisions, but pandemic. thank them enough for what they have when the inevitable budget battles What is more, the inauguration took done during this time of crisis. occur, it will be critical for our Na- place 2 weeks to the day on the very As I have visited with the Guard this tion’s security and, very importantly, west steps of the United States Capitol week, both with regard to the Ohio the military members and their fami- where a violent mob stormed this members and Guard from all over the lies who serve to have a Secretary of building, desecrating these halls, and country, including some conversations Defense who understands firsthand the tried to stop our constitutionally man- I had this morning, I have told them very real morale and readiness prob- dated deliberations in this body. all what I have heard from the Capitol lems that result from drastic cuts to It was the ninth inauguration cere- Police this week. I have heard that our military—something, unfortu- mony I have attended. I was proud to they really appreciated the backup at a nately, I think many of my colleagues be there as President Biden and Vice time when shifts have been long, sleep here in the Senate will be pushing for President HARRIS were sworn in. has been rare, and the effects of the at- and even members of the Biden admin- I am here on the floor today to thank tack on the Capitol are still acutely istration will be pushing for. the Capitol Police and other law en- felt. forcement agencies, including the Se- So let me conclude with this. Right It has been a tough 2 weeks on our cret Service and its Director, Jim Mur- now, a number of us are interviewing Capitol police officers. It has been a ray, who took the lead on this national Cabinet members for confirmation for tough 2 weeks since the attack on the special security event to ensure that the incoming Biden administration. I Capitol. things went smoothly and that we, in- anticipate opposing some, supporting I want to take this opportunity to others. Certainly, I anticipate opposing deed, had a peaceful transfer of power. I also want to give special thanks to also express the gratitude of all of us in some if I believe they will hurt the this Chamber and all Americans to the working families of my State. But with the men and women of the National Guard, who worked to ensure this cere- Capitol Police for bravely holding the regard to Mr. Austin, I am fully sup- line against an illegal, violent mob porting his nomination. mony was safe and secure. Over the past 2 weeks, 25,000 National Guard that threatened this building, our pro- We are living through difficult ceedings, and our colleagues. times—a pandemic, racial tensions, troops from across the country, includ- In effect, the men and women of the riots, turmoil at the top of the Pen- ing all 50 States and 3 territories, an- Capitol Police Force put their lives on tagon, and rising dangers from China, swered the call, leaving their families the line to defend democracy. It is that Russia, and Iran. Mr. Austin’s con- and friends and, for most, leaving their simple. firmation won’t solve all of these prob- regular jobs to help defend this sacred As I said on this floor that terrible lems, but it will help. celebration of democracy that occurred night 2 weeks ago, it was because of He represents the best of America—a at this place yesterday. their courage that we were safe and be- man of integrity, humility, and char- This number of 25,000 troops includes cause of their courage that we were acter, with a wealth of relevant experi- nearly 1,000 guardsmen from my home able to demonstrate to the American ence. Our allies will take comfort in State of Ohio. I had the opportunity to people and the world that we were his confirmation, and our adversaries meet with a couple hundred of these going to accomplish our constitutional will take pause. And as America’s first citizen soldiers from Ohio yesterday. I duty of certifying the election. They African-American Secretary of De- was able to tell them how much we ap- allowed us to do that. fense, he will be an inspiration to mil- preciate their commitment to the mis- lions both in and out of uniform. sion and what they have done, truly, to As a Congress, we have begun a com- For all of these reasons, I strongly protect democracy and to help our Cap- plete, impartial, and nonpartisan in- urge my colleagues to support Mr. Aus- itol Police during a stressful time. Be- vestigation into what went wrong that tin’s confirmation and the waiver in cause of their efforts, the ceremony day. I am working across the Senate Federal law that it requires. was safe for everyone in attendance, with the committees of jurisdiction— I yield the floor. and we were able to proceed with this the Homeland Security and Govern- The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen- transfer of power. mental Affairs Committee, where I will ator from Ohio. When I thanked them, they all told be the ranking Republican, the Rules Committee, the Appropriations Com- f me the same thing—they were just doing their duty. They were proud to mittee, and the Intelligence Com- HONORING THE UNITED STATES be here. They were protecting their mittee to ensure that our Capitol Po- CAPITOL POLICE country and their fellow citizens. lice are never put in that kind of posi- Mr. PORTMAN. Madam President, I I have seen this firsthand over the tion again. We are performing over- can say with certainty that General years when I have visited Ohio Na- sight to ensure they have what they Austin has no better friend or ally in tional Guard installations around our need to be able to protect the Capitol this Chamber than Senator DAN SUL- State, including the Mansfield Air going forward. LIVAN, who has seen him as a person Base, the Toledo Air Base, the Spring- Without prejudging our investiga- and seen him as a commander. field Air Base, Rickenbacker Air Na- tion, we must consider what reforms Those votes will occur later today. tional Guard. need to be made and take a hard look Madam President, I rise today on the During this pandemic, when more at the physical security of our Capitol floor to talk about what happened yes- Americans than ever are facing severe Complex. While these buildings must terday at the Capitol and what hap- food insecurity, I have had the chance remain accessible to the people, we pened 2 weeks ago at the Capitol. to hand out food with members of the need to look at incorporating the best Yesterday, we had the 59th Presi- Ohio Army National Guard who have practices in physical security, to in- dential inauguration right here. The been working around the clock at food clude shatterproof windows and doors citadel of democracy was once again banks I have been at, like Greater that can’t be easily breached. This will

VerDate Sep 11 2014 02:47 Jan 22, 2021 Jkt 019060 PO 00000 Frm 00011 Fmt 0624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\G21JA6.015 S21JAPT1 ctelli on DSK11ZRN23PROD with SENATE S86 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE January 21, 2021 cost money, but it is absolutely nec- I am proud of another member of the ceives H.R. 335 from the House, that essary, based on what happened on the Capitol Police. This is the supervisor. the Senate proceed to its immediate 6th of January. Inspector Tommy Lloyd is commander consideration; that there be 30 minutes I look forward to helping lead this bi- of the Capitol division—as compared to for debate; that the bill be considered partisan effort, and I urge my fellow the House and the Senate, commander read a third time; and that the Senate Members of Congress to join in. of the division to protect the Capitol vote on the passage of the bill, with 60 Again, I don’t want to prejudge our itself. affirmative votes required for passage; review, but I know among the findings This is a powerful photograph that I and that the motion to reconsider be we will make is a finding that the offi- saw in TIME magazine. It is a photo- considered made and laid upon the cers on the line were heroic, and those graph of him facing the mob, shoulder table, all without intervening action or officers deserve our gratitude. to shoulder with his line officers. debate. We must never forget those who lost The Capitol was breached, but be- The PRESIDING OFFICER. Is there their lives that night, including a law cause of the valor of these men and objection? enforcement officer and member of the women, we were able to complete our Without objection, it is so ordered. Capitol Police, Officer Brian Sicknick, job and are able to be here today, dis- Mr. SCHUMER. I yield the floor. who, since 2008, had patrolled these cussing the workings of our democracy, The PRESIDING OFFICER. The ma- halls and had been a familiar face to confirming members of the new admin- jority leader. many of us. He was tragically killed istration, doing our job. Mr. SCHUMER. Madam President, defending this Capitol. He gave his life The actions of law enforcement in just to clarify for the Members, we ex- the Capitol should serve as a reminder in heroic defense of us and our democ- pect this vote to occur sometime with- to all of us of the risks our police offi- racy. in the next hour. cers take every single day to keep us Only a couple of days after the at- I yield the floor. safe—not just here in the Capitol but tack, I learned the tragic news that we f lost another officer, a friend, Officer around the country. On Monday, for ex- Howard Liebengood. Howie was on duty ample, the city of Toledo, OH, lost one LEGISLATIVE SESSION the day the Capitol was attacked and of its own when Officer Brandon Stalk- responded to the attack just as his er of the Toledo Police Department was PROVIDING FOR AN EXCEPTION TO many brave comrades did. He experi- killed in a standoff with a gunman. Of- A LIMITATION AGAINST AP- enced some difficult experiences that ficer Stalker, only 24 years old, was the POINTMENT OF PERSONS AS night. I was devastated to learn of his father of two young children and en- SECRETARY OF DEFENSE WITH- death the next day. gaged to be married. He had a prom- IN SEVEN YEARS OF RELIEF Howie was someone I used to see al- ising life ahead of him. My thoughts FROM ACTIVE DUTY most every day. He was usually sta- are with the friends and families of Of- tioned in the Russell Building, where ficer Stalker and the friends and fami- The PRESIDING OFFICER. Under my office is located. He was an utmost lies of Officers Sicknick and the previous order, the Senate will pro- professional—someone who took great Liebengood during this difficult time. ceed to consideration of H.R. 335, which Even with all the threats and chal- pride in his work and had an ironclad the clerk will report. lenges they face, our officers of the law commitment to keeping people safe. The senior assistant legislative clerk here and around the country carry on His dad was Sergeant at Arms here at read as follows: in their duties to protect and to serve. one time. A bill (H.R. 335) to provide for an exception They are truly the best of America. Of- He brightened my day every time I to a limitation against appointment of per- ficer Stalker’s fellow officers will con- saw him. The last time was a few sons as Secretary of Defense within seven tinue to patrol the streets of Toledo to weeks ago, when he was standing guard years of relief from active duty as a regular keep its citizens safe. Yesterday, de- commissioned officer of the Armed Forces. outside the doors to the Russell Build- spite the hardships they have faced, ing, alone in the cold, alert, vigilant, The PRESIDING OFFICER. There the Capitol Police, once again, lined will now be up to 30 minutes of debate and good-humored. the Halls of Congress, keeping watch Today I reread a letter that I wrote on the bill. over the inauguration of the next Ms. COLLINS. Madam President, I to the Chief of the Capitol Police sev- President and Vice President of the eral years ago, commending the excep- rise today in opposition of the legisla- United States. tive waiver for the nominee to become tional work of Howie and his partner, Together, the National Guard, the the next Secretary of Defense. Chris Gallo, for their ‘‘professionalism, Capitol Police, the Secret Service, and Since the inception of our Republic, coupled with their kind demeanor.’’ other law enforcement protected a civilian control of our military by Howie represented what is great and Presidential inauguration that was at democratically-elected civilians has good about not just our police force but once like none other in recent memory, been fundamental to American Govern- our country. and yet also a continuation of a long ment. This principle was firmly estab- Rest in peace, Officer Brian Sicknick and great tradition—an unbroken lished as General George Washington and Officer Howard Liebengood. chain of peacefully transferring power famously resigned his commission to Through the tragedy of that day 2 that our Nation has cherished since the Continental Congress in 1783, when weeks ago came other stories of brav- 1789. They did their duty, as they do he might have easily positioned him- ery and valor too. We have heard about every day, in defense of the values we self as the leader of the fledgling Amer- the heroic actions of Officer Eugene Americans hold dearest—democracy, ican Government instead. With this Goodman, an Army veteran whose liberty, rule of law—and we all owe bedrock principle in mind, Congress in quick thinking under intense pressure them a debt of gratitude. protected us here in this Senate Cham- I yield the floor. 1947 established a limitation on former ber by leading the mob away from the The PRESIDING OFFICER. The ma- military generals serving as Secretary Chamber while many of us were still jority leader. of Defense without a sufficient number of yes in civilian life. Today, Active- inside. f He unselfishly put himself in danger duty military members must have been and, despite the risk, handled himself UNANIMOUS CONSENT retired for at least 7 years before be- with the professionalism that defines AGREEMENT—H.R. 335 coming eligible to serve as Defense the Capitol Police, and I was pleased to Mr. SCHUMER. Madam President, I Secretary. see his promotion. will be, in a moment, asking for unani- Four years ago, despite great concern Officer Goodman’s heroic efforts are, mous consent that we do the waiver on for what I saw as an erosion of the to me, representative of the actions of the Secretary of Defense, and we will principle of civilian control of our mili- all the brave officers of the Capitol Po- vote on that relatively shortly, the tary, I voted in support of granting a lice, who, on that day of violence and Members should be aware. ‘‘one-time exception’’ to the statutory lawlessness, held the line against the So, Madam President, I ask unani- requirement for the confirmation of mob. mous consent that when the Senate re- Gen. James Mattis. Until Congress

VerDate Sep 11 2014 04:23 Jan 22, 2021 Jkt 019060 PO 00000 Frm 00012 Fmt 0624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\G21JA6.016 S21JAPT1 ctelli on DSK11ZRN23PROD with SENATE January 21, 2021 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S87 granted a waiver of this requirement in imperative that military officers do The bill was ordered to a third read- 2017 for General Mattis, Congress had not come to view their commands as ing and was read the third time. approved a waiver only once before, in auditions for future political appoint- The PRESIDING OFFICER. The bill, 1950 for General George Marshall. With ments or opportunities to curry favor having been read the third time, the the nomination of Gen. Lloyd Austin, with civilian political leaders. question is, Shall the bill pass? what I had thought would be a once-in- As Dr. Lindsay Cohn, a professor at Mr. REED. Madam President, I ask a-generation waiver in 2017 now ap- the U.S. Naval War College, stated dur- for the yeas and nays. ing the recent Senate Armed Services pears to be the start of an unwelcome The PRESIDING OFFICER. Is there a Committee hearing examining civilian trend. sufficient second? To be clear, I do not believe that control of the Armed Forces, civilian control of our military is not nec- There appears to be a sufficient sec- General Austin himself poses a specific ond. risk to the civilian control of our mili- essarily an on-off switch. It is a web of The clerk will call the roll. tary. By all accounts, he is a dedicated institutions, norms, practices, and un- public servant and patriot with more derstandings which can be weakened or Mr. THUNE. The following Senators than 40 years of successful military strengthened. Recently, we have begun are necessarily absent: the Senator service. However, I do not believe that to see the principle of civilian control from North Carolina (Mr. BURR), the President Biden has offered a strong of the military weakened and degraded. Senator from Mississippi (Mrs. HYDE- enough justification for granting an- In my view, Congress must not sim- SMITH), the Senator from Kansas (Mr. other legislative waiver in so short a ply acquiesce to that growing trend. I MORAN), and the Senator from North time. do not believe it would be wise to allow Carolina (Mr. TILLIS). Should a waiver for his service be ap- the exception to swallow the rule when Further, if present and voting, the proved over my objections, which ap- it comes to such a foundational prin- Senator from Kansas (Mr. MORAN) pears likely to occur, I intend to sup- ciple of our Republic as civilian control would have voted ‘‘nay.’’ port General Austin’s nomination of the military. The PRESIDING OFFICER. Are there based on his merits and qualifications. Mr. VAN HOLLEN. Madam Presi- any other Senators in the Chamber de- Over the course of his long and distin- dent, I rise today to once again oppose siring to vote or change their vote? guished career, including as com- a waiver to bypass U.S. law and allow The result was announced—yeas 69, mander of U.S. Central Command dur- a recently retired member of Armed nays 27, as follows: Forces to serve as our Secretary of De- ing one of the region’s most chal- [Rollcall Vote No. 4 Leg.] fense. On the merits, I support the lenging periods for the United States, YEAS—69 he has served with professionalism and nomination of Lloyd Austin, and I be- diligence and has earned the trust of lieve that Mr. Austin is highly quali- Bennet Hagerty Paul fied for this role. However, the impor- Blunt Hassan Peters President Biden. Boozman Heinrich Portman General Austin has committed to up- tance of civilian leadership at the De- Braun Hickenlooper Reed hold the principle of civilian control of partment of Defense is greater than Brown Hirono Risch the military and pledged to ensure ci- any individual nominee. Cantwell Hoeven Romney Capito Inhofe Rounds vilian leadership and oversight over The subordination of military au- thority to civil authority is a bedrock Cardin Johnson Sanders the Pentagon’s strategic and oper- Carper Kaine Schatz ational planning. I commend General principle of our democracy. In 2017, Casey Kelly Schumer when I voted against a waiver to allow Cassidy Kennedy Scott (SC) Austin for once again answering the Coons King Shaheen call to serve, and I look forward to James Mattis to serve as Secretary of Defense, I stressed that our Founders’ Cornyn Klobuchar Shelby working with him to rebalance our Cramer Lankford Sinema civil-military relations toward civilian emphasis on civilian leadership distin- Crapo Leahy Smith ´ control. guished the young United States from Cruz Lujan Stabenow the other nations of the time. I also Daines Manchin Sullivan In November 2018, the congression- Durbin McConnell Thune ally appointed National Defense Strat- noted that in enacting the exception Ernst Menendez Tuberville egy Commission concluded that, for General Marshall in 1950, Congress Feinstein Murkowski Warner ‘‘There is an imbalance in civil-mili- expressly stated that: ‘‘the authority Fischer Murphy Warnock granted by this Act is not to be con- Graham Ossoff Whitehouse tary relations on critical issues of Grassley Padilla Wicker strategy development and implementa- strued as approval by the Congress of tion. Civilian voices appear relatively continuing appointments of military NAYS—27 muted on issues at the center of U.S. men to the office of Secretary of De- Baldwin Gillibrand Rubio defense and national security policy.’’ fense in the future. It is hereby ex- Barrasso Hawley Sasse pressed as the sense of the Congress Blackburn Lee Scott (FL) Losing this civilian perspective can Blumenthal Lummis Tester have profound, long-term strategic im- that after General Marshall leaves the Booker Markey Toomey pacts on the Pentagon and our national office of secretary of defense, no addi- Collins Marshall Van Hollen security policy. tional appointments of military men to Cortez Masto Merkley Warren that office shall be approved.’’ Cotton Murray Wyden There are many reasons for this Duckworth Rosen Young trend toward unbalanced civil-military I still believe that the 7-year waiting relations in recent years, including the period is a valuable practice—one of NOT VOTING—4 failure of the prior administration to many—that preserves our—Nation’s Burr Moran adequately fill Senate-confirmed posi- long tradition of placing civilian au- Hyde-Smith Tillis tions at the Pentagon, instead relying thority above military authority. In The PRESIDING OFFICER. Three- on acting officials with limited ability 2017, I said ‘‘should Congress vote to fifths of the Senators duly chosen and to assert themselves within the depart- waive this law at this moment in time, sworn having voted in the affirmative, ment. I will review the nomination [. . .] on the bill is passed. its individual merits.’’ And I intend to We have also seen a troubling in- Under the previous order, the motion crease in the politicization of our mili- apply my words then to my actions now and will consider Mr. Austin’s to reconsider is considered made and tary. For example, hundreds of retired laid upon the table. generals and admirals signed public nomination on its merits when it The bill (H.R. 335) was passed. letters of support for Presidential can- comes to the floor for a vote. The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen- didates in 2020, with both campaigns The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen- ator from New Jersey. competing for the most military en- ator from Rhode Island. Mr. REED. Madam President, I would dorsements. That was coupled with a ask unanimous consent to yield back f growing trend toward political expres- all time. sion among the ranks on social media The PRESIDING OFFICER. Is there MORNING BUSINESS and elsewhere; in at least one instance, objection? servicemembers in uniform were fea- Without objection, it is so ordered. Mr. MENENDEZ. Madam President, I tured at one of the national Presi- The clerk will read the title of the ask unanimous consent that the Sen- dential nominating conventions. It is bill for the third time. ate be in a period of morning business,

VerDate Sep 11 2014 04:23 Jan 22, 2021 Jkt 019060 PO 00000 Frm 00013 Fmt 0624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\A21JA6.004 S21JAPT1 ctelli on DSK11ZRN23PROD with SENATE S88 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE January 21, 2021 with Senators permitted to speak to its consequential first lady. Debbie CONFIRMATION OF AVRIL DANICA therein for up to 10 minutes each. Carter has a long list of accomplish- HAINES The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without ments in her own right. She took a Mrs. FEINSTEIN. Madam President, objection, it is so ordered. leadership role in securing a national I today rise in support of the nomina- f accreditation for CU’s Carver School of tion of Ms. Avril Haines as the Director TRIBUTE TO DR. MICHAEL CARTER Social Work. She was also a driving of National Intelligence. force to create pathways for students Last night, the Senate overwhelming Mr. McCONNELL. Madam President, with financial needs to attend CU. Mi- for more than two decades, my friend voted to confirm Ms. Avril Haines as chael and Debbie made an incredible the Director of National Intelligence Dr. Michael Carter has made Camp- team that changed this university and bellsville University an oasis where with a vote of 84–10. our Commonwealth for years to come. I voted in support of Director Haines students can answer their calling. Nes- Whatever the future holds in store as I believe her to be a highly-qualified tled in the heart of Taylor County, CU for Michael and Debbie, I would like to offers quality Christian higher edu- professional with the trust and man- wish them the very best. They leave of- date by President Biden to be a strong cation to thousands of future leaders. fice with the sincere gratitude of a uni- As the school’s president, Michael ac- leader and reinstall stability and objec- versity community made better by two tivity to the intelligence community. complished one remarkable goal after decades of devotion. I encourage my another. He also set the university on a She has pledged to defend and uphold Senate colleagues to join me in hon- path toward long-term success. At the our democracy, our freedoms and our oring Dr. Michael Carter for his leader- end of last year, Michael began a rich- values by ensuring there is simply no ship at Campbellsville University. ly-earned retirement leaving behind a place for politics ever when it comes to grateful university community. I intelligence. f would like to take a moment today to It is clear from her background that recognize my friend for his servant Ms. Haines has the experience nec- leadership and his lasting impact in TRIBUTE TO MAJOR GENERAL, essary to be an effective DNI. She has served as both the Deputy Kentucky and beyond. RET. ARTHUR T. DEAN Director of CIA and as Deputy National According to CU’s board chair, Mi- Mr. GRASSLEY. Madam President, I chael’s leadership ‘‘forever trans- Security Advisor to President Obama, would like to recognize the retirement along with other positions in the White formed’’ the century-old school. I of MG Arthur Dean as CEO and execu- couldn’t agree more. When Michael House and Congress. tive chairman of Community Anti- Her nearly 20 years of experience in came to campus in 1999, the university Drug Coalitions of America, known as was home to around 1,600 students and national security, intelligence, and for- CADCA. MG Arthur T. Dean, U.S. eign policy matters gives her valuable 74 full-time faculty. His tenure has Army, Retired, came from humble be- seen the CU family grow to include insight into the many challenges fac- ginnings in North Carolina to rise to ing the intelligence community and more than 13,500 students and a record- the highest, most distinguished levels setting freshman class despite the makes her a great choice for Director of military service, where he retired of National Intelligence. coronavirus pandemic. CU recently after 31 years at the grade of major graduated its first class of Ph.D. stu- Based on my conversations with Di- general. He possesses numerous mili- rector Haines and her testimony before dents, marking a major milestone for tary awards, with the highest being the school’s academic excellence. He the Senate Intelligence Committee, I two awards of the U.S. Army Distin- am fully confident she has what it also nearly tripled the faculty ranks guished Service Medal. with leading scholars and dedicated takes to put the IC on the right path. I have had the honor to work with During her confirmation hearing on educators. CADCA for many years and have long To accommodate the new students Tuesday, January 19, 2021, Director supported their efforts to prevent drug and faculty, Michael undertook an am- Haines outlined her top three prior- abuse. For instance, I supported and bitious plan to grow CU’s physical foot- ities: No. 1, strengthening the institu- led efforts to create the Drug Free print. That plan—like everything at tion including increasing trust and Communities Program in 1997. CU—was centered on faith. Michael credibility with analytic objectivity; Major General Dean began his career embarked on the construction of a No. 2, better aligning IC efforts and re- as CEO and board chair at CADCA in landmark chapel anchoring the entire sources to the major threats we are 1998, so we have had the pleasure of community in its mission. Then, under facing such as China and transnational working on anti-drug efforts for over 20 the steeple of the new Ransdell Chapel, threats; and No. 3, building better part- years. I applaud him in his well-de- the growth has continued to surpass nerships Congress, academia, the pri- expectations. served retirement. vate sector, U.S. State and local offi- CU’s expansion wasn’t limited to the Over the past 23 years of service, I cials, and with other countries. city of Campbellsville, either. Michael have had the pleasure to witness Gen- I strongly agree on these significant oversaw the opening of eight additional eral Dean use his superior leadership, priorities and look forward to periodi- centers of learning in Kentucky and diplomatic skills, and passion to build cally receiving updates from her on around the country. The university was CADCA into a world-class organiza- these. even approved for a new international tion. Under his leadership, the Drug Furthermore, I thank her for her arm in Ontario. Today, CU properties Free Communities Program has grown, clearly stated position that account for 1.1 million square feet, giv- and now over 2,000 communities benefit waterboarding is, in fact, torture and ing it the ability to serve current stu- from these grants. that the CIA’s former interrogation dents with plenty of space to expand General Dean is a leader with vision, program’s enhanced interrogation its reach. compassion, and a steely determina- techniques included torture. In each of my visits to the school, I tion to ensure that substance use pre- In short, she is the ideal candidate to have been impressed by the remarkable vention remains a national priority so head the intelligence community at a development under Michael’s leader- the next generation of Americans can time when we face numerous crisis ship. From its 850 student athletes to a grow up safe, healthy and drug free. threatening our national security. $137 million economic impact in Taylor General Dean has been an out- She inherits an intelligence commu- County, Michael has helped CU reach standing leader of CADCA. His legacy nity beset by challenges, and I look previously unbelievable heights. With will be one of progress and dedication forward to working with her to protect the rest of his all-star leadership team, towards reducing rates of youth sub- the American people. including my friend Dr. John stance use and misuse. Mr. PAUL. Madam President, the Di- Chowning, Michael drove the school’s I want to thank General Dean for his rector of National Intelligence must growth while keeping focus on an un- dedicated and exceptional service to demonstrate commitment to restrain- matched student experience. our Nation, both as a military and ci- ing the vast power of our intelligence When CU bid farewell to its presi- vilian leader, and wish him well in his agencies. They should not view them- dent, the community also said goodbye much-deserved retirement. selves as an enabler or facilitator of

VerDate Sep 11 2014 02:47 Jan 22, 2021 Jkt 019060 PO 00000 Frm 00014 Fmt 0624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\G21JA6.020 S21JAPT1 ctelli on DSK11ZRN23PROD with SENATE January 21, 2021 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S89 agencies that already operate without and honest elections to select our represent- Hank announced his plan to retire. public scrutiny. We do not need an- atives and leaders. Senator Coe represented the people of other Washington insider in this posi- The standards listed here shall be used by Park County from 1988 to 2020. our local, state and federal legislators as a tion, someone who will go along to get metric for reviewing and revising election Hank was a respected and effective along, helping to further the expansion law to ensure free, fair, and honest elections legislator. He earned a reputation for of secret government powers. where the outcome is accepted by all citizens being a kind, thoughtful, persuasive What we need is someone who is a of good will. legislator of great integrity. skeptic of these powers. After years of 1. All voting processes, other than those Hank always had a remarkable grasp revelations of government spying on needed to preserve the privacy of a citizen’s of the issues facing the state and his Americans and the exposure of the un- vote, must be open and available for direct home community. He could see short observation, with no minimum distance re- and long-term needs and offer solutions constitutional applications of these quirements, and audit by agents of the can- powers, I had hoped that the President didates or parties. to address those needs. would submit a nominee that under- 2. All election materials must have a se- During his time in the legislature, stands the importance of regaining the cure chain of custody at all times. Election Senator Coe served on numerous com- public’s trust, to pledge transparency officials must be accompanied by observers mittees, was elected as majority floor and accountability. when accessing any election materials. leader, and, in 2001, served as president The President’s nominee, Avril Records of the chain of custody shall be com- of the senate. plete and available for audit. For 17 years, Hank proudly served as Haines, does not meet that profile. She 3. All votes, regardless of voting method, played a key role in formulating the shall be held to equal standards. the chair of the senate education com- government’s legal authority to con- 4. Voters shall only be qualified electors mittee. He was a strong proponent of duct summary executions by drone and that are able to verifiably provide their gov- local control and high-quality edu- was reportedly summoned in the mid- ernment issued photo identity before being cation. dle of the night to approve lethal drone issued a ballot. Voters who provide false in- Hank showed students that through strikes. As Deputy Director of the CIA, formation, including information of voter hard work and dedication to their stud- qualification, should face severe penalties. ies, there was a world of opportunities she declined to punish any of the CIA 5. As a condition of being issued a ballot, employees who spied on the Senate as the voter’s identity and signature must be within their reach. He understood the it was investigating the CIA’s torture recorded in a permanent record (Poll Book). importance of investing in our young programs. Her record is that of an in- 6. Original Ballots must have a physical people, recognizing their achievements, sider, someone who will defend the bro- form that allows voting choices to be exam- and providing them with the tools ken status quo. I will not support more ined and properly interpreted by the naked needed to succeed. of the same unconstitutional policies, eye. When I served in the Wyoming State 7. Ballots must have features designed to Senate, I had the great honor of work- and I oppose her confirmation. prevent counterfeiting. ing with Hank Coe on one of our proud- f 8. An auditable system for tracking the status of all ballots must be implemented est legislative initiatives, the creation RECOMMENDATIONS OF THE CITI- and maintained in the State of origin. The of the Hathaway scholarship program. ZENS COMMITTEE FOR ELECTION total number of printed ballots must equal We were able to create a scholarship INTEGRITY the sum of the number of cast ballots, fund with a $400 million permanent en- spoiled ballots, and unvoted ballots. dowment. Income from the fund con- Mr. RISCH. Madam President, along 9. Ballot tabulation must be conducted by tinues to fund scholarships for Wyo- with my colleague Senator MIKE two independent and unrelated systems. The ming high school graduates today. The CRAPO, I rise today to ask unanimous difference in totals between the two systems Hathaway scholarship program allows consent to have printed in the RECORD must be less than one half the margin of vic- every Wyoming student, regardless of the mission statement for the Citizens tory or 0.1% of the vote total, whichever is less. Tabulating machines must only tab- economic background, to qualify for a Committee for Election Integrity and ulate and not modify ballots in any way, or merit-based scholarship to attend the their recommended minimum stand- be connected to the internet. University of Wyoming or any of our ards for fair and honest elections. Ida- 10. Before the results of an election can be State’s seven community colleges. hoans concerned about election integ- certified, the ballot counts must be rec- Senator Coe’s leadership was a driv- rity formed the Citizens Committee for onciled with the voter records. The margin ing force behind passage of this legisla- Election Integrity to demonstrate the of uncertainty must be less than one half the tion. Thousands of Wyoming students meaning of the Constitution by helping margin of victory or 0.1% of the vote total, without the resources to obtain a col- ensure the voices of ‘‘We the people’’ whichever is less. 11. Lists of qualified electors must be lege education have benefited from this are heard. purged of unqualified persons 180 days before scholarship. There being no objection, the mate- an election. Voter Rolls should be vetted and Hank’s contribution to public service rial was ordered to be printed in the compared with available government records extended far beyond Wyoming’s cap- RECORD, as follows: to identify duplicate or ineligible registra- tions. itol. He was a mentor to many in his The Citizens Committee for Election Integ- hometown of Cody. He participated rity’s mission statement reads as follows: 12. Laws and regulations governing an elec- All political power rests with the people. tion may not be changed for 180 days prior to fully on local boards and committees. Our Constitutionally guaranteed repub- that election. The Cody Chamber of Commerce, Cody 13. All election records should be retained lican form of government relies on free, fair, Medical Foundation, Cody Yellowstone and preserved for not less than 22 months. and honest elections to select our represent- Air Service, Wyoming Air Service, Buf- 14. Voter identification for provisional bal- atives and leaders. lots must be verified, with information pro- falo Bill Museum of the West, and the To ensure equal protection and equal rep- vided by the voter, prior to that ballot being Park County Commissioners all bene- resentation of the people, laws governing our counted. fited from Hank’s committed service. elections must meet certain minimum stand- f When Hank retired, he released the ards. following statement, which was printed It is the purpose of this Citizens Com- REMEMBERING HENRY H.R. in the Cody Enterprise on March 13, mittee to concisely articulate the minimum ‘‘HANK’’ COE standards for free, fair, and honest elections. 2020: These standards shall then be used by our Mr. BARRASSO. Madam President, ‘‘The Wyoming Legislature continues to be local, state and federal legislators as a met- on Tuesday, January 12, 2021, the 2021 one of the most effective and civil deliberate ric for reviewing and revising election law to General Session of the Wyoming Legis- bodies in the nation. It is my sincere hope ensure free, fair, and honest elections where lature got underway. Noticeably absent that this tradition will continue and Wyo- the outcome is accepted by all citizens of from the first day of the session was ming can be an example to the rest of the na- good will. State Senator Henry H.R. ‘‘Hank’’ Coe. tion,’’ said Coe. ‘‘Serving in the Senate has On January 2, 2021, the committee met at been a true honor and a privilege. I’m eter- the Idaho State Capitol to recommend the Hank had been present in Cheyenne for nally grateful to the people of Park County following minimum standards for fair and the first day of the annual legislative who put their faith in me to represent them honest elections: session for 32 consecutive years. for so many years. To my community, Our Constitutionally guaranteed repub- In March of 2020, on the last day of friends, family, fellow lawmakers and the ex- lican form of government relies on free, fair, the 2020 Wyoming legislative session, ceptional legislative staff, I say thank you.’’

VerDate Sep 11 2014 02:47 Jan 22, 2021 Jkt 019060 PO 00000 Frm 00015 Fmt 0624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\A21JA6.006 S21JAPT1 ctelli on DSK11ZRN23PROD with SENATE S90 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE January 21, 2021 Hank had a calling to serve. He took the Senate floor, and we enjoyed play- Vice Admiral Roegge completed his that calling and ran with it. His life’s ing subtle pranks on each other. I will first flag officer assignment as the dep- work has made a difference in the lives also cherish many evenings at the uty commander, Joint Functional of the people in Park County and in home of his extraordinary mother, Peg Component Command for Global Strike every corner of our great State. His- Coe, retiring to the den of her sprawl- at U.S. Strategic Command. He then tory will look kindly upon the con- ing home for drinks and unforgettable served concurrently as commander, tributions and achievements of Hank conversation. The Coes are a one of a Submarine Group 8; commander, Sub- Coe. kind but quintessential Wyoming fam- marines, Allied Naval Forces South; Hank passed away today, January 21, ily of the highest order. deputy commander, U.S. 6th Fleet; and 2021. He leaves behind a remarkable Senator Coe passed away today, but I director of Operations and Intelligence legacy, and he will be greatly missed have no doubt he will be an example for (N3), U.S. Naval Forces Europe-Africa. by a grateful State. To Hank’s entire generations to come of a dedicated As a rear admiral, he served on the family, especially his children and public servant, a model of humility, Navy staff as director, Military Per- grandchildren: son H.R. and grandson and a true beacon for the values Wyo- sonnel Plans and Policy Division (N13) Henry, daughter Carey Coe Johnson ming holds dear. with a concurrent period as director, and husband Jeff and grandchildren Thank you, Senator Coe for your Total Force Manpower Division (N12) Madeline, Jagger, and Jrakke, and years of tireless service to Wyoming and then as commander, Submarine daughter Bethany Coe Boydstun and and for your friendship. I send your Force, U.S. Pacific Fleet. grandchildren, Jackson, Tyler and family my condolences. God bless. Vice Admiral Roegge now culminates Lily—our prayers and well wishes are f his career of service to the Navy and with you. TRIBUTE TO VICE ADMIRAL the Nation as the 16th president of the I ask my colleagues to join me in FREDERICK J. ‘‘FRITZ’’ ROEGGE National Defense University (NDU). celebrating the remarkable life of NDU is the university of the Chairman Hank Coe. His dedication to service Mr. WICKER. Madam President, of the Joint Chiefs of Staff and the pre- will have a profound impact on our today I honor a superb leader and war- mier Joint Professional Military Edu- state for generations. Thank you Hank. rior. I have had the privilege of associ- cation institution in the Department of Ms. LUMMIS. Madam President, ating with VADM Fritz Roegge both Defense. NDU’s mission to develop today I am pleased to recognize Sen- personally and professionally over joint warfighters and other national se- ator Henry ‘‘Hank’’ Coe, who has re- many years, and it has been my pleas- curity leaders through rigorous aca- tired from the Wyoming State Senate ure to do so. After 40 years of uni- demics, research, and engagement has after 31 years of dedicated service and formed service, Vice Admiral Roegge never been more important to our Na- over 40 years of public service to Wyo- will be retiring from the U.S. Navy. On tion and its security. ming. this occasion, I believe it is fitting to I want to express my gratitude and A Cody, WY native, Senator Coe has recognize his distinguished service and appreciation to Vice Admiral Roegge shown his dedication and love for the dedication to our Navy. for his outstanding leadership and un- State of Wyoming and willingness to Vice Admiral Roegge is an honors wavering support of the missions of the serve its citizens. Hank was first elect- graduate of the University of Min- U.S. Navy. I want to recognize his sup- ed to the Wyoming Senate in 1989 and nesota with a bachelor of science in portive family, Mrs. Julie Roegge and served with distinction for over three mechanical engineering and was com- their two sons, Alex and Will. I wish decades. During his tenure in the Wyo- missioned through the Reserve Offi- Vice Admiral Roegge and his family ming Senate, Senator Coe served as cers’ Training Corps Program. He went ‘‘fair winds and following seas.’’ on to earn a master of science in engi- vice president of the senate from 1997 f to 1998; senate majority floor leader neering management from the Catholic from 1999 to 2000; and as president of University of America and a master of ADDITIONAL STATEMENTS the senate from 2001 to 2002. arts with highest distinction in na- Senator Coe was chairman of the tional security and strategic studies Travel, Recreation and Wildlife Com- from the Naval War College. He was a SESQUICENTENNIAL OF HOUSTON mittee from 1992 to 1998, where he fellow of the Massachusetts Institute COUNTY worked to grow the tourism industry of Technology Seminar XXI program ∑ Mrs. BLACKBURN. Madam Presi- into one of Wyoming’s largest indus- and of the Harvard Kennedy School dent, I consider it an honor and a privi- tries. He also served on the Education program for Senior Executives in Na- lege to acknowledge for the official Committee from 2003 to 2019, working tional and International Security. record Houston County, TN, sesqui- to ensure that Wyoming’s children had His sea tours include USS Whale centennial anniversary. the tools they need to succeed. These (SSN 638), USS Florida (SSBN 728) Each State is its own melting pot of are just a few of the many roles to (Blue), USS Key West (SSN 722), and history and culture, and Tennessee is which Senator Coe brought his passion most prominently, command of USS no exception. In Houston County, the and expertise, and represent a corner- Connecticut (SSN 22). His major com- Irish roots of the pioneers who explored stone of Wyoming public policy. Prior mand was as commodore of Submarine the Cumberland River run deep, having to joining the Wyoming Senate, Sen- Squadron 22, with additional duty as buried themselves in the rugged, foggy ator Coe served 8 years as a Park Coun- commanding officer, Naval Support Ac- hills and creek beds that so resembled ty commissioner, and in honor of his tivity La Maddalena, Italy. the founders’ homeland. service, the commissioners have de- Ashore, he has served on the staffs of First settled in the 1780s, the Hous- clared April 29 ‘‘Hank Coe Day’’ in both the Atlantic and Pacific Sub- ton County area served as a new fron- Park County, WY. marine Force commanders, on the staff tier for early pioneers. What began as a Senator Coe’s service to our great of the Director of Naval Nuclear Pro- small working settlement flourished State goes beyond his work as an elect- pulsion, on the Navy staff in the As- into a community that bore witness at ed official. He was a respected member sessments Division (N81) and the Mili- the crossroads of the Civil War, em- of his community. He was a member of tary Personnel Plans and Policy Divi- braced the possibilities of crisscrossing the Volunteer Fire Department, a sion (N13), in the Secretary of the railroads, and led the charge toward trustee for the Buffalo Bill Center of Navy’s Office of Legislative Affairs at progress that we now look back on as a the West, a member of the Wyoming the U.S. House of Representatives, as major industrial boom. Business Alliance, an advisor for the the head of the Submarine and Nuclear On January 21, 1871, the Tennessee Regional Airport board, and much Power Distribution Division (PERS 42) legislature officially established Hous- more. at the Navy Personnel Command, and ton County, named in honor of Texas I had the honor of serving with Sen- as an assistant deputy director on the freedom fighter and the sixth Governor ator Coe during my time in the Wyo- Joint Staff in both the Strategy and of Tennessee, Sam Houston. Since ming Legislature. Our desks were right Policy (J5) and the Regional Oper- then, the people who call Houston across the aisle from one another on ations (J33) Directorates. County home have turned their little

VerDate Sep 11 2014 02:47 Jan 22, 2021 Jkt 019060 PO 00000 Frm 00016 Fmt 0624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\A21JA6.021 S21JAPT1 ctelli on DSK11ZRN23PROD with SENATE January 21, 2021 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S91 piece of rural Tennessee into a beau- sons as Secretary of Defense within seven has the approval of the Majority and tiful place to live, work, and raise a years of relief from active duty as a regular Minority leaders. family. commissioned officer of the Armed Forces. Pursuant to rule XXVI, paragraph Congratulations are in order to the ENROLLED BILL SIGNED 5(a), of the Standing Rules of the Sen- members of the Houston County His- At 5:58 p.m., a message from the ate, the following committee is author- torical Society and, most importantly, House of Representatives, delivered by ized to meet during today’s session of to the citizens of Houston County. I Mrs. Cole, one of its reading clerks, an- the Senate: ask my colleagues to join with me in nounced that the Speaker pro tempore COMMITTEE ON COMMERCE, SCIENCE, AND wishing them another 150 years of (Mr. HOYER) has signed the following TRANSPORTATION progress and prosperity.∑ enrolled bill: The Committee on Commerce, f H.R. 335. An act to provide for an exception Science, and Transportation is author- to a limitation against appointment of per- ized to meet during the session of the REMEMBERING HELEN EUGENIA sons as Secretary of Defense within seven HAGAN Senate on Thursday, January 21, 2021, years of relief from active duty as a regular at 10 a.m., to conduct a closed hearing. ∑ Mr. BLUMENTHAL. Madam Presi- commissioned officer of the Armed Forces. dent, today I rise to recognize Ms. f f Helen Eugenia Hagan, a remarkable pi- NOMINATION OF ANTONY BLINKEN anist and pioneer for BIPOC women in EXECUTIVE AND OTHER music. COMMUNICATIONS Mr. MENENDEZ. Madam President, I Her passion for performing began at a The following communications were come to the floor today to urge the young age, and Ms. Hagan became the laid before the Senate, together with swift confirmation for Tony Blinken to organist for the Dixwell Avenue Con- accompanying papers, reports, and doc- be the Secretary of State. gregational Church when she was uments, and were referred as indicated: Like we saw with Avril Haines yes- around 11 years old. Ms. Hagan’s tal- EC–19. A communication from the Acting terday and moving toward Lloyd Aus- ents earned her a spot at the Yale Assistant Secretary of State, Bureau of Leg- tin today, we need to hold a floor vote School of Music. In 1912, she was the islative Affairs, Department of State, trans- on Mr. Blinken’s nomination urgently. first African-American woman to grad- mitting, pursuant to law, a report relative to Mr. Blinken is well known to the uate from Yale University. the status of Foreign Terrorist Organiza- Senate, having previously been con- tions designation of Lashkar/ISIL (OSS–2021– At the request of General John J. firmed as Deputy Secretary of State, 0015); to the Committee on Foreign Rela- having served as the Deputy National Pershing, Ms. Hagan traveled to tions. France during World War I as part of a EC–20. A communication from the Acting Security Advisor and, of course, as the group led by preacher Henry H. Proc- Assistant Secretary of State, Bureau of Leg- staff director of the Senate Foreign Re- tor. Ms. Hagan was the only Black per- islative Affairs, Department of State, trans- lations Committee before that. forming artist sent to France during mitting, pursuant to law, a report relative to He is superbly qualified to be the the war. Continuing to break barriers, the status of Foreign Terrorist Organiza- Secretary of State, and his knowledge she was also the first Black pianist to tions designation of Harakat (OSS–2021–0010); and thoughtfulness were on display to the Committee on Foreign Relations. perform a recital at a New York con- during 5 hours of testimony earlier this EC–21. A communication from the Senior week. And since then, he has been cert venue. Ms. Hagan’s compositions Bureau Official, Bureau of Legislative Af- and concert work received outstanding fairs, Department of State, transmitting, asked to respond to hundreds of ques- praise. The then-Dean of the Yale pursuant to law, a report relative to the sta- tions. As a matter of fact, he has had School of Music credited Ms. Hagan tus of Foreign Terrorist Organizations des- an inordinate number of questions that with ‘‘rare promise,’’ and critics com- ignation of Ansarallah (OSS–2021–0011); to have been put to him for the record. He mended her creativity and originality. the Committee on Foreign Relations. had nearly over half a hundred before Struggling to find work during the f his hearing. He has had from a couple Great Depression, she took graduate- of our colleagues nearly 600 questions, level courses at Columbia University’s REPORTS OF COMMITTEES including multiple parts to those ques- Teachers College while still giving per- The following reports of committees tions. And to my knowledge, he has formances. In 1933, Ms. Hagan took a were submitted: largely answered them all, notwith- teaching position at Bishop College in By Mr. INHOFE, from the Committee on standing the size, the magnitude of it. Texas and gave private music lessons Armed Services, without amendment: Now, I have been, since I arrived in in New York. She remained committed S. 12. A bill to provide for an exception to this institution, one of the big advo- to musical composition, performance, a limitation against appointment of persons cates of the prerogatives of each and and education until her passing in 1964. as Secretary of Defense within seven years of every individual Senator and of the in- On February 6, 2021, the New Haven relief from active duty as a regular commis- stitution. So I take a back step to no sioned officer of the Armed Forces. Symphony Orchestra will honor Ms. one, but there is a difference between Hagan with a History Award. Alongside f prerogatives and prerogatives that are abused, which, in essence, are for the Yale University, the symphony has EXECUTIVE REPORT OF purpose of not seeking information but been dedicated to sharing the life story COMMITTEE of this incredible woman, who per- for the purpose of delaying a nomina- formed her ‘‘Piano Concerto in C The following executive report of a tion. minor’’ with them in 1916. This award nomination was submitted: Now, I appreciate that Senator is a tribute to Ms. Hagan’s extraor- By Mr. INHOFE for the Committee on RISCH, the present chairman of the dinary legacy, which will be enduring. Armed Services. committee, has been working with me I applaud her many accomplishments * Lloyd James Austin, of Georgia, to be to try to accelerate Mr. Blinken’s nom- Secretary of Defense. and hope my colleagues will join me in ination to the floor, but I would ask remembering Ms. Helen Eugenia * Nomination was reported with rec- my colleagues, particularly those on Hagan.∑ ommendation that it be confirmed sub- the committee, to join him and I in an ject to the nominee’s commitment to f effort to bring one of the important na- respond to requests to appear and tes- tional security positions in our govern- MESSAGES FROM THE HOUSE tify before any duly constituted com- ment to the floor for a vote. At 4:17 p.m., a message from the mittee of the Senate. I don’t think we should be leaving House of Representatives, delivered by f this weekend without a vote for the Mrs. Cole, one of its reading clerks, an- Secretary of State. nounced that the House has passed the AUTHORITY FOR COMMITTEES TO He is the right person to repair and following bill, in which it requests the MEET restore our alliances, to rebuild and concurrence of the Senate: Mr. SCHUMER. Mr. President, I have renew the State Department, to rein- H.R. 335. An act to provide for an exception a request for one committee to meet vigorate the relationship between the to a limitation against appointment of per- during today’s session of the Senate. It Department and Congress—something

VerDate Sep 11 2014 02:47 Jan 22, 2021 Jkt 019060 PO 00000 Frm 00017 Fmt 0624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\G21JA6.013 S21JAPT1 ctelli on DSK11ZRN23PROD with SENATE S92 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE January 21, 2021 that I think Republicans and Demo- the United States. Leaving the office the staff director and chief counsel dur- crats alike have agreed have soured vacant is irresponsible. It is irrespon- ing my time as chairman of the Envi- dramatically. sible in that regard. It is irresponsible ronment and Public Works Committee. His testimony, his opening state- in terms of something happening in the He has decades of experience and is one ment, his answers to questions show world and not having a Secretary of of the most skilled energy and environ- that he will be a working partner with State who could work to deal with it so mental policy experts I have ever come this institution. that we could preserve our national se- in contact with, and I am immensely But, obviously, confirming Mr. curity, promote our national interests, proud of what he has been able to ac- Blinken is not just about the nominee and stop something, an unintended complish throughout his career, but himself. It is about doing what the consequence, from happening. particularly as EPA Administrator. American people expect and the Con- Mr. Blinken has the qualifications. Andy understood that the EPA’s mis- stitution requires—providing advice The challenges facing our country call sion is to implement the laws that are and consent to ensure that national se- for him to be confirmed, and I hope the passed by Congress for the American curity officials are in office in a timely Senate does not leave here tomorrow people. The EPA’s job is not to legis- manner. until he is confirmed. late. A lot of people think that. That is We are facing challenges in every With that, I yield the floor. our job, to legislate, and then he car- corner of the world. The world is on The PRESIDING OFFICER (Ms. ries it out, and he did really just a fire—from Iran to Russia, to Ven- BALDWIN). The senior Senator from great job with that. ezuela, to global challenges that define Oklahoma. Contrary to what many on the left our times and defy borders, like Mr. INHOFE. Madam President, I say Republicans want, we do want COVID, migration, and climate change. would ask unanimous consent that I be clean air and clean water and clean We can’t afford delaying to put Mr. recognized for such time as I may con- land, and Andy proved that he could Blinken in office. We can’t allow the sume. accomplish that without burdensome State Department to be rudderless. The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without overregulation. During his time at the If we don’t have leadership, we can’t objection, it is so ordered. EPA, he spearheaded a number of the Mr. INHOFE. Madam President, let be sure that China or Russia and others rules and deregulatory actions that me just say to my good friend from won’t fill the vacuum as they have for brought important relief to American New Jersey how wholeheartedly I agree the last several years or do something job creators while protecting our envi- with him. I have known Tony Blinken that is adverse to our national and eco- ronment. for a long period of time. I have worked nomic security. He rolled back the economy stand- with him in different venues. I talked Imagine that there is a hostage deal ards on cars that were created to try to to him today at some length, and we to be had, as I believe there is, and you force Americans to drive vehicles they talked together on many issues that I can’t have another country call the don’t want to drive and that they can’t think are significant. Secretary of State because the Sec- afford. In its replacement, Andy devel- One issue out there is the one we retary of State doesn’t exist. oped the SAFE vehicles rule, which ex- have been talking about in the Western Imagine if there are tensions between pands consumer choice and lowers the Sahara. He understands the issues. So I two countries that affect our national price of vehicles. join my friend from New Jersey in en- interests. You don’t have a Secretary Andy also repealed and replaced the couraging a fast and quick confirma- of State to call as counterpart in those waters of the United States rule, or tion. WOTUS. On the WOTUS rule, if you countries to seek to ease the tension, Mr. MENENDEZ. Thank you. to remove the threat. talk to any of the agricultural groups— Imagine if President Biden needs to f I am talking about the Farm Bureau have a Secretary of State engage in TRIBUTE TO TEAM INHOFE and other agricultural groups—they some part of the world to stop a con- Mr. INHOFE. Madam President, we would say that was the rule we really flict, to open an opportunity, to pre- recently said goodbye to a lot of really had to do something about. States like vent an unintended consequence. We good, hard-working men and women mine don’t need Washington bureau- don’t have that person, and we cannot from the previous administration, and crats imposing their radical regula- expect the President to pick up the I want to highlight a few of them. tions like WOTUS on people who know phone in each and every instance in the We refer to them—some of my friends the waters better than they do. It is world as he is trying to deal with and some of my enemies refer to them not an overstatement when I say that COVID at home and an economic crisis as the ‘‘Inhofe mafia.’’ It comes from this was probably the greatest regu- that follows on from that. That is what the committees that I have chaired, latory burden facing Oklahoma’s farm- the Secretary of State does. both the Armed Services Committee as ers, landowners, and ranchers during So Mr. Blinken also, finally, is not well as the Environment and Public the Obama administration. I was proud just critical to addressing challenges Works Committee. But anyway, they to see WOTUS repealed by the navi- abroad, we have to acknowledge what are really a great bunch of people. gable waters protection rule, which the role of Secretary of State is here at I am going to start with Andrew provided a clean and lawful definition home. Wheeler. Andrew Wheeler was with me of waters of the United States and If we remember what just happened for a number of years—14 years—before doesn’t try to overregulate the arid back on the 6th, three of the first four he became the Director of the EPA. parts of the State. officials in the line of succession—the Here is a guy who was nominated to be Oklahoma is an arid State. If you go Vice President, the Speaker of the the Administrator. At that time, I said out to the western part of Oklahoma, House, and the President pro tempore that there is no one in America who is the panhandle of Oklahoma, it is really of the Senate—were in the Capitol as qualified as Andrew Wheeler for this arid. If you take that regulation out of when domestic terrorists breached the job. The first job he had out of law the hands of the States and give it to building. Every day we learn more de- school was with the EPA. When he was the Federal Government, there is al- tails about this heinous attack, includ- nominated to be Administrator, I kind ways a concern by our farmers and ing that the terrorists, some of whom of gave his whole life history. ranchers in Oklahoma and across the were chanting ‘‘Hang Mike Pence!’’ All of my Senate colleagues know Nation that they would turn these arid came within a minute or so of a poten- Andy and have known him for a long areas into wetlands. tial face-to-face encounter with Vice period of time—Democrats and Repub- Another of the regulatory overhauls President Pence. Thank God, through licans. He has worked for me in the accomplished by Andy was for the af- the quick thinking and heroics of our Senate as well as becoming one of my fordable clean energy or the ACE rule Capitol Police and other law enforce- ‘‘has-beens,’’ as we refer to people who that replaced the illegal Clean Power ment, those three remained unscathed, used to be with me and are still my Plan, which regulated emissions of but if something had happened, it is good friends. coal-fired powerplants. I had long been the Secretary of State who is fourth in Andy started in my personal office as critical of the Clean Power Plan and line of succession to the President of chief counsel and went on to serve as led the charge against it in the Senate.

VerDate Sep 11 2014 02:47 Jan 22, 2021 Jkt 019060 PO 00000 Frm 00018 Fmt 0624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\G21JA6.021 S21JAPT1 ctelli on DSK11ZRN23PROD with SENATE January 21, 2021 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S93 Like most of that era of the rules, it homan—was an Inhofe aide who worked as for many, many years, every time the was a Federal power grab, and it would EPW staff director and Inhofe’s chief of staff. Republicans were in the majority, I have sent Americans’ electricity bills Brittany Bolen became the acting head of was the chairman of that committee, EPA’s policy shop after Samantha Dravis soaring, and we all knew that. But we left earlier this year. Bolen was Republican and she was the ranking member. made it history when we repealed and counsel to Inhofe on the EPW Committee. Every time the Democrats were in con- replaced the Clean Power Plan with the Daisy Letendre, a communications adviser in trol, she was the chairman, and I was ACE rule. It was good. Not only did the policy office, was Inhofe’s communica- the ranking member. So we worked to- this rule help Americans’ electricity tions director. gether, and we accomplished more. I costs be affordable, it is expected to And former Inhofe counsel Mandy won’t divulge where the meeting is, but benefit the environment as well. Gunasekara is now principal deputy assist- there is a meeting that Republicans ant administrator in EPA’s air office. Just last month, the EPA finalized Republicans and some energy industry lob- have historically had at 12:15 p.m. on a another big rule that requires EPA to byists say Inhofe’s alumni network brings Tuesday with all the members of the prepare a cost-benefit analysis before deep policy knowledge to EPA and is well- committees, the chairmen. We would coming up with new regulations. How positioned to bring calm to an agency that talk about what we have done, and is that at all unreasonable? Americans has been mired in controversies under Pru- when it was my turn, I would say: Now shake their heads, and they wonder itt. from the committee that actually gets why we would pass things that don’t ‘‘With these Inhofe staff, you get all of the things done. That was Barbara Boxer have any kind of a cost-benefit anal- Pruitt policy and none of the Pruitt bag- gage,’’ said an energy lobbyist and former and I. No two people could be further ysis. What is it going to cost? What congressional staffer. apart philosophically than Barbara kind of sacrifices are we going to have It makes sense that ex-Inhofe aides would Boxer and I, yet we were able to do to make? Well, we put that into effect, populate EPA under a Republican adminis- that with the help of Ryan Jackson. and I think it is something people are tration, the lobbyist said, given Inhofe’s long I actually hired him when he was very thankful for. tenure as the top Republican on the Senate still in college. He left my office early Throughout his tenure, Andy has committee charged with overseeing the 2017 to go to work as Chief of Staff at agency. ‘‘He has hired a lot of smart people been focused on what is in the best in- the EPA, where he was a central player terests of the taxpayers and not just to work for him who were goqd and have gone on to do various other things,’’ the lob- in the implementation of the last ad- the Washington bureaucrats. That is byist said. ministration’s policies. clear with this rule and countless oth- Those staffers have a history of working In February, he left the EPA, which ers. closely with Democrats on Capitol Hill, that was when Mandy Gunasekara took of- You know, one of the good things person added: ‘‘I think that the Democrat fice as chief of staff. Mandy worked for about Andy, as I already mentioned, is staff and members believe that Inhofe and me in the EPW Committee for several the Inhofe staffers treated them fairly when that he knows more about the process years as the majority counsel. In that than anybody else does—more about they were up there.’’ They also share an appreciation for proc- role she helped me craft air and other the EPA. He has always been a star, ess, said Matt Dempsey, Inhofe’s former policy priorities. While at the EPA, she and he started at the bottom. When he communications director. has been instrumental in advancing was first put into that office and was He expects his former colleagues to take a priorities like the ACE rule that I men- confirmed as EPA director, he gave a ‘‘back to basics’’ approach at EPA. ‘‘It’s not tioned earlier. She is a skilled and de- speech over at the EPA. He didn’t necessarily a political agenda, but it’s a pol- voted public servant, and I am proud of know I was there. I went over there to icy-based agenda,’’ he said. That contrasts with how many people all that she has done to advance poli- hear it. He had 300 people at the EPA viewed Pruitt, who was widely thought to be cies that benefit all Americans. all listening to him and looking at him trying to use EPA as a stepping stool to A number of others of what I refer to and saying: There is room at the top reach higher political office. as my ‘‘has-beens’’ have served at the for me. Here is a guy who started at Under Wheeler, ‘‘the whole tone is going to EPA over the last 4 years. Susan the very bottom and ended up as direc- be different,’’ the energy lobbyist said. ‘‘Peo- Bodine was the chief counsel on EPW tor of the EPA. It didn’t go unnoticed. ple are going to perceive that Andy is going to spend his time on policy and not thinking and went on to serve as Assistant Ad- Everybody realized that. ministrator in the Office of Enforce- So I would ask unanimous consent to about whether he’s the next senator from Oklahoma.’’ ment and Compliance Assurance. have printed in the RECORD an E&E But as Republicans and many in industry Brittany Bolen was counsel for the News article from July 2018, which de- are celebrating the rise of the Inhofe crowd EPW, Environment and Public Works tails a number of the former staff peo- at EPA, some on the left are furious that dis- Committee, and went on to serve as As- ple and their backgrounds. ciples of the Senate’s most vocal climate sociate Administrator for the Office of There being no objection, the mate- change skeptic—famous for throwing a snow- Policy. rial was ordered to be printed in the ball on the Senate floor to try to disprove Byron Brown was senior counsel at RECORD, as follows: global warming—are leading the agency tasked with protecting the environment. the EPW and went on to serve as Dep- [July 6, 2018] ‘‘It is a brave new world of pro-fossil-fuel uty Chief of Staff for Policy. ‘BRAVE NEW WORLD’ AS TEAM INHOFE TAKES ideologues who seem not to care about any- Then there is Daisy Letendre. She OVER thing but industry profits, the rest of the was communications director in my of- (By Robin Bravender) country be damned,’’ said Bill Snape, an at- torney at the Center for Biological Diver- fice and went on to serve as a Senior It’s official: Alumni of the best-known cli- Advisor in the Office of Policy. mate skeptic in Congress are leading EPA. sity. ‘‘We’re all getting hit in the head by Former aides to Sen. Jim lnhofe (R-Okla.) the snowball at this point. It’s obviously dis- So I am proud of all my ‘‘has-beens’’ have helped shape President Trump’s energy turbing’.’’ and the big impact that they have had policy agenda since even before he was elect- Mr. INHOFE. Madam President, at on our country. We are grateful for ed. Many of them quickly landed top spots at the top of the list was my chief of staff, their service, past and present—espe- EPA and in the White House, and Inhofe Ryan Jackson. Like Andy, Ryan also cially that of Andrew Wheeler and alumnus Ryan Jackson helped shepherd went on to be my staff director of the Ryan Jackson. I say to our friends Scott Pruitt through the confirmation proc- Wheeler and Jackson: Thank you and ess before becoming his chief of staff at the EPW Committee, Environment and agency last year. Public Works, where he helped nego- good luck in your next endeavors. You But now an ex-Inhofe staffer is taking the tiate bipartisan bills for highway, did great work. reins as Pruitt leaves under a cloud of con- water, and infrastructure to environ- Let me just mention one last thing. I troversies. mental bills like TSCA. Remember, urge the Biden administration not to Andrew Wheeler, who steps in as EPA’s that was the one that had the chemical repeal a lot of the rules and regulations chief on Monday, was staff director and chief regulations. In his role he helped me and deregulation initiatives that gave counsel to Inhofe on the Senate Environ- negotiate with former California Sen- us the economy that was unprece- ment and Public Works Committee for much of the George W. Bush administration. ator Barbara Boxer. dented during the time before the pan- Jackson, a longtime friend of Wheeler, is This is kind of interesting. I think demic set in. It would be devastating to expected to remain as EPA’s chief of staff the Presiding Officer would find this to our country, which is already trying to after Pruitt’s exit. Jackson—a native Okla- be interesting. Barbara Boxer and I— recover from the pandemic. Now is not

VerDate Sep 11 2014 02:47 Jan 22, 2021 Jkt 019060 PO 00000 Frm 00019 Fmt 0624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\G21JA6.024 S21JAPT1 ctelli on DSK11ZRN23PROD with SENATE S94 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE January 21, 2021 the time to impose costly new regula- The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Senate completes its business today, it tions on Americans and the job cre- clerk will call the roll. adjourn until 10 a.m., Friday, January ators in this country. Everyone knows The legislative clerk proceeded to 22; further, that following the prayer that this pandemic has wreaked havoc call the roll. and pledge, the morning hour be on our economy, and I am certain that, Mr. SCHUMER. Madam President, I deemed expired, the Journal of pro- had we not had the virus, we would ask unanimous consent that the order ceedings be approved to date, the time have broken even more economic for the quorum call be rescinded. for the two leaders be reserved for their records than we already had. The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without use later in the day, and morning busi- Prior to the pandemic, we had the objection, it is so ordered. ness be closed; finally, that upon con- best economy of our life. We set f clusion of morning business, the Sen- records, with small business optimism ORDER OF BUSINESS ate proceed to executive session as pro- reaching the highest level on record in vided under the previous order. its 45-year history and unemployment Mr. SCHUMER. Madam President, I ask unanimous consent that upon the The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without hitting a 50-year low of 3.5 percent. We objection, it is so ordered. have always said in the past that full conclusion of morning business on Fri- Mr. SCHUMER. Madam President, employment is 4 percent. We brought it day, January 22, the Senate proceed to now, for the information of Senators, down that entire year, and in February executive session to consider the fol- there will be a rollcall vote on con- of 2020 it was down to 3.5 percent. It lowing nomination: Calendar No. 1, the firmation of the Austin nomination to never had happened before. The median nomination of Lloyd Austin to be the be Secretary of Defense at approxi- household income rose to a record high Secretary of Defense; further, that in 2019, the highest since 1967. The there be 10 minutes for debate on the mately 10:30 tomorrow. wealth of American families rose. That nomination, equally divided in the We also hope to vote on confirmation is an indicator. It rose to the highest usual form; that upon the use or yield- of the Yellen and Blinken nominations level in history. So these good things ing back of time, the Senate proceed to this week. were happening, and I would urge this vote without intervening action or de- administration not to repeal some of bate on the nomination; and that, if f these regulations. Repealing some of confirmed, the motion to reconsider be these regulations would simply reverse considered made and laid upon the ADJOURNMENT UNTIL 10 A.M. gains like these. table and the President be immediately TOMORROW I urge the Biden administration to notified of the Senate’s action. work with me and others to reach com- The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without Mr. SCHUMER. Madam President, if promises on regulations that would objection, it is so ordered. there is no further business to come be- fore the Senate, I ask unanimous con- benefit all Americans. That seems to f be pretty reasonable, and I think that sent that it stand adjourned under the ORDERS FOR FRIDAY, JANUARY is a good program to do. Let’s give it a previous order. try. OK? 22, 2021 There being no objection, the Senate, With that, I yield the floor. Mr. SCHUMER. Madam President, I at 6:14 p.m., adjourned until Friday, I suggest the absence of a quorum. ask unanimous consent that when the January 22, 2021, at 10 a.m.

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