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Platform, Vol. 8, No. 1, Performance Legacies, Spring 2014

Dynasty, Memory and Terry: Curating the 1896 %\6RSKLH'XQFDQ

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87 Platform, Vol. 8, No. 1, Performance Legacies, Spring 2014

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89 Platform, Vol. 8, No. 1, Performance Legacies, Spring 2014

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91 Platform, Vol. 8, No. 1, Performance Legacies, Spring 2014

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