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Thesis Contents Genome diversity in Torulaspora microellipsoides and its contribution to the evolution of the Saccharomyces genus 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 This thesis is presented for the PhD degree of the University of Valencia Thesis Director: Dr. Eladio Barrio Esparducer Thesis Supervisor: Dr. Mercedes Costell Roselló Adriana Mena Romero Valencia, June 2018 El Dr. Eladio Barrio Esparducer, Profesor Titular del Departamento de Genética de la Universitat de València, adscrito como investigador al Departamento de Biotecnología del Instituto de Agroquímica y Tecnología de los Alimentos, CSIC. CERTIFICA Que el presente trabajo titulado “Genome diversity in Torulaspora microellipsoides and its contribution to the evolution of the Saccharomyces genus”, que presenta Dª Adriana Mena Romero para optar al grado de doctor en Biotecnología por la Universitat de València, ha sido realizado bajo su dirección en el Departamento de Genética de la Universidad de Valencia y en el Departamento de Biotecnología del Instituto de Agroquímica y Tecnología de los Alimentos, CSIC. Y para que conste para los trámites de lectura y defensa de la tesis doctoral, en cumplimiento de la legislación vigente, firma el presente certificado en Valencia a 15 de Junio de 2018 Fdo. Eladio Barrio Esparducer Agradecimientos (Acknowledgements) Agradecimientos Todo este trabajo no tendría sentido sin la gente que lleva años apoyándome para sacarlo adelante. Sin duda, el primer agradecimiento debe ir dirigido a mi familia. Gracias por vuestro apoyo no solo en el sentido económico que me ha permitido acceder a unos estudios universitarios, pero también por aguantarme en todos estos años en los que he antepuesto el trabajo a muchas otras cosas, en definitiva por vuestra paciencia y comprensión. Tanto ha sido el tiempo y tantos los cambios que parece que haya pasado toda una vida y sin embargo siempre habéis estado respaldándome en cada momento. El siguiente agradecimiento a nivel personal me gustaría que fuera para ELLAS, mis amigas del colegio, mis amigas de siempre. Con ellas he compartido la infancia, la adolescencia y tras esto, otra etapa en nuestras vidas: tener que asumir que nos distanciábamos para poder realizarnos cada una profesionalmente. Tenemos muy “buen ojo”, así que poco hemos solapado por las diferentes facultades de Valencia. Ha sido muy dura esta etapa para todas, cada una con profesiones diferentes o trabajos en diferentes ciudades que ha complicado mucho vernos y estar juntas. A pesar de todo ello, siempre hemos econtrado algún momento para vernos, reírnos, salir de fiesta, contarnos nuestras vidas y visitarnos en diferentes ciudades. Les agradezco enormemente que aún sigan ahí a pesar de haber sido absorbida por este mundo que poco tiempo te deja para disfrutar como toca de la gente. Gracias chicas por haber estado y por estar. Seguiremos celebrando todos nuestros logros. En casi todos estos años, otra persona me ha acompañado y me ha comprendido en todo momento. A ti, Juancho, te tengo que agradacer toda la paciencia y toda la ayuda que me has dado sin pensártelo dos veces. Ya hace mucho que comenzó mi inmersión en este complicado pero fascinante mundo del conocimiento científico. Desde entonces, ya pude comprobar de primera mano cuantísimos grupos científicos desarrollaban trabajos relevantes Agradecimientos para la mejora en el campo de la salud, la alimentación o el conocimiento básico de los procesos biológicos. De esta forma, y en paralelo a la formación que recibía de mis clases universitarias, comencé a realizar prácticas en diferentes laboratorios. Siempre me permito aconsejar a la gente que empieza que dediquen un tiempo importante a la parte práctica, ya que esto nos ayuda a entender mejor todas las materias que estudiamos y verles la aplicabilidad y la importancia de las mismas, además de que necesitamos introducirnos poco a poco en el mundo laboral. Las primeras prácticas que realice en un laboratorio, fueron de forma voluntaria y durante un verano. Esto podría haber sido un arma de doble filo, pues haber tenido una mala experiencia podría haber sido determinante para dirigir mi futuro hacia otro lado que no fuera la ciencia (o quizás no). Sin embargo, la suerte me llevo a vivir una experiencia muy satisfactoria a nivel académico y personal. Por ello, siempre le agradeceré al Doctor Antonio Pineda Lucena y a todo su equipo de entonces, especialmente a Guillermo y Leticia, todos los conocimientos aportados en el campo de la Biología Molecular encaminada al descubrimiento de nuevos fármacos efectivos contra el desarrollo de metástasis por parte de las células cancerosas. Un par de años más tarde realicé otras prácticas dentro del campo de la genética de plantas en el IBMCP. En este nuevo grupo, dirigido por la Doctora Cristina Ferrandiz, me adentre un poco en el fenotipado y genotipado de plantas de Arabidopsis. Gracias a Vicente Balanza y especialmente a Marisa Navarrete Gómez por vuestra ayuda durante esta fase. Una vez comencé mi etapa de Master universitario, aterricé en el grupo dentro del que finalmente realicé mi tesis doctoral, en ese momento situado en el Instituto Cavanilles. Aquí conocí a Noé, un postdoc jienense que me apoyó y codirigió mi trabajo fín de Máster. Gracias Noé por ayudarme a organizar el trabajo experimental y escrito, pero no solo te tengo que agradecer eso. Gracias por Agradecimientos querer transmitirme tu constancia y esfuerzo en el trabajo, cualidades que al final te han llevado a donde estás ahora, al puesto que te mereces como buen ciéntifico que eres. Muchas más fueron las personas que empezaron a formar parte de mi círculo pseudoprofesional y finalmente de mi grupo de amistades. Todas ellas estaban en el mismo lugar, el Instituto Cavanilles. Primero conocí a mi compi, el Doctor David Peris, justo cuando el se iba de estancia a Manchester. Para desgracia de todos, regresó de la estancia, momento en el cual comenzamos a compartir laboratorio, momentos de descanso y terapia. Un día, decidió hacer una PCR y me sustrajo los dNTPs que tenía en mi congelador sin posterior reposición o aviso. Desde entonces supe que me iba a dar mucha guerra y así ha sido hasta el día de hoy (aún compartimos lab). Gracias amigo Dino, por todos tus consejos de sabio, por los burofaxes a través del escritorio y por las fiestas de Paiporta, claro. Hablando en serio, gracias por estar ahí en los momentos necesarios como amigo y como compañero. Un tiempo en el Cavanilles lo compartimos ambos con Laura (laupetra para los amigos). Laura siempre ha estado para dar buenos consejos, a nivel laboral y personal, y siempre pasábamos buenos momentos los tres en el lab. Laura, gracias por tu cariño, sobre todo, y por la mano que echas siempre que lo necesitamos, ya sabes que eres una joyita y vales un montón. Gracias a todos los cavanilleros por los divertidos momentos durante la hora de la comida en el pasillo, por las salidas por el Carmen, por los consejos profesionales, por los debates científicos, económicos, políticos y de cualquier índole que se nos ocurriese. En especial, quiero agradecer todos estos momentos a: Rafeta (o Patiñet o cabeza de viejo, cuerpo de joven y sus aventuras) por su simpatía, a Quelo (Quelífero) por su ayuda también con temas del doctorado ahora Agradecimientos y antes por ser un buen compañero y amigo; a Pilar Domingo por ser tan buena compañera de lab cuando lo compartíamos con Rafa Sanjuán y por el viajecito a Málaga con las chicas; a Marianoel también por todo el tiempo vivido compartiendo lab y por otros momentos fuera de él en los que nos lo pasábamos genial; gracias a Carmen y Elisa por ser tan buenas consejeras en todo, tan simpáticas, tan amables…recuerdo buenos momentos con vosotras también, el viaje a casa de Carmen y las cervecitas por Valencia; muchas gracias también a Vanesa y a Joanot por nuestras quedadas y por hacerme ver que sois personas con las que podía contar y con las que puedo contar a día de hoy, gracias por ser tan buenos amigos, os quiero un montón. Ahí, en el cavanilles, fue donde empezó mi etapa predoctoral en 2010. En primer lugar he de agradecer a mi director de tesis, el doctor Eladio Barrio Esparducer, que me diera la oportunidad de realizar la tesis doctoral con él, escogiéndome entre el resto de posibles candidatos. Gracias también a la doctora Amparo Querol Simón, por darme su apoyo y ayuda de forma desinteresada en muchos momentos durante esta etapa de la tesis, tanto a nivel laboral como a nivel personal. Fue en el ecuador del doctorado cuando nos movimos al IATA, el Instituto de Agroquímica y Tecnología de alimentos del CSIC, y aquí es donde he finalizado la escritura de esta tesis. Los comienzos fueron muy duros, pues traían consigo una nueva adaptación al ambiente. Afortunadamente, muchas fueron las personas que me echaron una mano en este momento. Desde el principio tuve la grata compañía de “los veteranos de guerra”. Entre ellos se encontraban María López, Isaac Córcoles, Alicia Gutierrez, Amparo Gamero y Jordi Tronchoni (señores doctores). Gracias a todos por los buenos momentos, consejos, conversaciones, cenitas y todos los momentos en los que nos hemos echado unas risas. También recuerdo Agradecimientos con mucho cariño a mis compañeras de tesis del 307, a las doctoras Clarita y Eli. Gracias a vosotras por la complicidad, por estar en los momentos más estresantes y también en los más emocionantes como en nuestro viaje a Chicago y el congreso en Madison.
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