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Genome Diversity and Evolution in the Budding Yeasts (Saccharomycotina)
| YEASTBOOK GENOME ORGANIZATION AND INTEGRITY Genome Diversity and Evolution in the Budding Yeasts (Saccharomycotina) Bernard A. Dujon*,†,1 and Edward J. Louis‡,§ *Department Genomes and Genetics, Institut Pasteur, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique UMR3525, 75724-CEDEX15 Paris, France, †University Pierre and Marie Curie UFR927, 75005 Paris, France, ‡Centre for Genetic Architecture of Complex Traits, and xDepartment of Genetics, University of Leicester, LE1 7RH, United Kingdom ORCID ID: 0000-0003-1157-3608 (E.J.L.) ABSTRACT Considerable progress in our understanding of yeast genomes and their evolution has been made over the last decade with the sequencing, analysis, and comparisons of numerous species, strains, or isolates of diverse origins. The role played by yeasts in natural environments as well as in artificial manufactures, combined with the importance of some species as model experimental systems sustained this effort. At the same time, their enormous evolutionary diversity (there are yeast species in every subphylum of Dikarya) sparked curiosity but necessitated further efforts to obtain appropriate reference genomes. Today, yeast genomes have been very informative about basic mechanisms of evolution, speciation, hybridization, domestication, as well as about the molecular machineries underlying them. They are also irreplaceable to investigate in detail the complex relationship between genotypes and phenotypes with both theoretical and practical implications. This review examines these questions at two distinct levels offered by the broad evolutionary range of yeasts: inside the best-studied Saccharomyces species complex, and across the entire and diversified subphylum of Saccharomycotina. While obviously revealing evolutionary histories at different scales, data converge to a remarkably coherent picture in which one can estimate the relative importance of intrinsic genome dynamics, including gene birth and loss, vs. -
Influence of Nutrient Supplementation on Torulaspora Delbrueckii Wine Fermentation Aroma
fermentation Article Influence of Nutrient Supplementation on Torulaspora Delbrueckii Wine Fermentation Aroma Debora Mecca 1, Santiago Benito 2,* , Beata Beisert 1, Silvia Brezina 1, Stefanie Fritsch 1, Heike Semmler 1 and Doris Rauhut 1 1 Department of Microbiology and Biochemistry, Hochschule Geisenheim University (HGU), Von-Lade-Straße 1, 65366 Geisenheim, Germany; [email protected] (D.M.); [email protected] (B.B.); [email protected] (S.B.); [email protected] (S.F.); [email protected] (H.S.); [email protected] (D.R.) 2 Department of Food Chemistry and Technology, Polytechnic University of Madrid, Ciudad Universitaria S/N, 28040 Madrid, Spain * Correspondence: [email protected]; Tel.: +34-913363710 or +34-913363984 Received: 15 February 2020; Accepted: 19 March 2020; Published: 22 March 2020 Abstract: This study was performed with the aim of characterizing the fermentative performance of three commercial strains of Torulaspora delbrueckii and their impact on the production of volatile and non-volatile compounds. Laboratory-scale single culture fermentations were performed using a commercial white grape juice. The addition of commercial nutrient products enabled us to test the yeasts under two different nutrient conditions. The addition of nutrients promoted fermentation intensity from 9% to 20 % with significant differences (p < 0.05) among the strains tested. The strain diversity together with the nutrient availability influenced the production of volatile compounds. Keywords: Torulaspora delbrueckii; volatile compounds; nutrients 1. Introduction In the last few decades, several researchers have focused on characterizing the oenological potential of non-Saccharomyces yeasts [1–3]. Non-Saccharomyces species can contribute substantially to the quality of wines. -
Saccharomyces Eubayanus, the Missing Link to Lager Beer Yeasts
MICROBE PROFILE Sampaio, Microbiology 2018;164:1069–1071 DOI 10.1099/mic.0.000677 Microbe Profile: Saccharomyces eubayanus, the missing link to lager beer yeasts Jose Paulo Sampaio* Graphical abstract Ecology and phylogeny of Saccharomyces eubayanus. (a) The ecological niche of S. eubayanus in the Southern Hemisphere – Nothofagus spp. (southern beech) and sugar-rich fructifications (stromata) of its fungal biotrophic parasite Cyttaria spp., that can attain the size of golf balls. (b) Schematic representation of the phylogenetic position of S. eubayanus within the genus Saccharomyces based on whole-genome sequences. Occurrence in natural environments (wild) or participation in different human-driven fermentations is highlighted, together with the thermotolerant or cold-tolerant nature of each species and the origins of S. pastorianus, the lager beer hybrid. Abstract Saccharomyces eubayanus was described less than 10 years ago and its discovery settled the long-lasting debate on the origins of the cold-tolerant yeast responsible for lager beer fermentation. The largest share of the genetic diversity of S. eubayanus is located in South America, and strains of this species have not yet been found in Europe. One or more hybridization events between S. eubayanus and S. cerevisiae ale beer strains gave rise to S. pastorianus, the allopolyploid yeasts responsible for lager beer production worldwide. The identification of the missing progenitor of lager yeast opened new avenues for brewing yeast research. It allowed not only the selective breeding of new lager strains, but revealed also a wild yeast with interesting brewing abilities so that a beer solely fermented by S. eubayanus is currently on the market. -
Phylogenetic Circumscription of Saccharomyces, Kluyveromyces
FEMS Yeast Research 4 (2003) 233^245 www.fems-microbiology.org Phylogenetic circumscription of Saccharomyces, Kluyveromyces and other members of the Saccharomycetaceae, and the proposal of the new genera Lachancea, Nakaseomyces, Naumovia, Vanderwaltozyma and Zygotorulaspora Cletus P. Kurtzman à Microbial Genomics and Bioprocessing Research Unit, National Center for Agricultural Utilization Research, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, 1815 N. University Street, Peoria, IL 61604, USA Received 22 April 2003; received in revised form 23 June 2003; accepted 25 June 2003 First published online Abstract Genera currently assigned to the Saccharomycetaceae have been defined from phenotype, but this classification does not fully correspond with species groupings determined from phylogenetic analysis of gene sequences. The multigene sequence analysis of Kurtzman and Robnett [FEMS Yeast Res. 3 (2003) 417^432] resolved the family Saccharomycetaceae into 11 well-supported clades. In the present study, the taxonomy of the Saccharomyctaceae is evaluated from the perspective of the multigene sequence analysis, which has resulted in reassignment of some species among currently accepted genera, and the proposal of the following five new genera: Lachancea, Nakaseomyces, Naumovia, Vanderwaltozyma and Zygotorulaspora. ß 2003 Federation of European Microbiological Societies. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. Keywords: Saccharomyces; Kluyveromyces; New ascosporic yeast genera; Molecular systematics; Multigene phylogeny 1. Introduction support the maintenance of three distinct genera. Yarrow [8^10] revived the concept of three genera and separated The name Saccharomyces was proposed for bread and Torulaspora and Zygosaccharomyces from Saccharomyces, beer yeasts by Meyen in 1838 [1], but it was Reess in 1870 although species assignments were often di⁄cult. -
Redalyc.Optimization of Killer Assays for Yeast Selection Protocols
Revista Argentina de Microbiología ISSN: 0325-7541 [email protected] Asociación Argentina de Microbiología Argentina Lopes, C. A.; Sangorrín, M. P. Optimization of killer assays for yeast selection protocols Revista Argentina de Microbiología, vol. 42, núm. 4, octubre-diciembre, 2010, pp. 298-306 Asociación Argentina de Microbiología Buenos Aires, Argentina Available in: http://www.redalyc.org/articulo.oa?id=213016779011 How to cite Complete issue Scientific Information System More information about this article Network of Scientific Journals from Latin America, the Caribbean, Spain and Portugal Journal's homepage in redalyc.org Non-profit academic project, developed under the open access initiative 298 Revista Argentina de Microbiología (2010)ISSN 42: 0325-7541 298-306 ARTÍCULO ORIGINAL Revista Argentina de Microbiología (2010) 42: 298-306 Optimization of killer assays for yeast selection protocols C. A. LOPES, M. P. SANGORRÍN* Laboratorio de Microbiología y Biotecnología, Instituto Multidisciplinario de Investigación y Desarrollo de la Patagonia Norte (IDEPA), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas-Universidad Nacional del Comahue, Buenos Aires 1400, (8300) Neuquén, Neuquén, Argentina. *Correspondence. E-mail: [email protected] ABSTRACT A new optimized semiquantitative yeast killer assay is reported for the first time. The killer activity of 36 yeast iso- lates belonging to three species, namely, Metschnikowia pulcherrima, Wickerhamomyces anomala andTorulaspora delbrueckii, was tested with a view to potentially using these yeasts as biocontrol agents against the wine spoilage species Pichia guilliermondii and Pichia membranifaciens. The effectiveness of the classical streak-based (qualitative method) and the new semiquantitative techniques was compared. The percentage of yeasts showing killer activity was found to be higher by the semiquantitative technique (60%) than by the qualitative method (45%). -
Isotopic Tracers Unveil Distinct Fates for Nitrogen Sources During Wine
Isotopic Tracers Unveil Distinct Fates for Nitrogen Sources during Wine Fermentation with Two Non-Saccharomyces Strains Ying Su, Pauline Seguinot, Audrey Bloem, Anne Ortiz-Julien, José Heras, José Guillamón, Carole Camarasa To cite this version: Ying Su, Pauline Seguinot, Audrey Bloem, Anne Ortiz-Julien, José Heras, et al.. Isotopic Tracers Unveil Distinct Fates for Nitrogen Sources during Wine Fermentation with Two Non-Saccharomyces Strains. Microorganisms, MDPI, 2020, 8 (6), 10.3390/microorganisms8060904. hal-02919767 HAL Id: hal-02919767 https://hal.inrae.fr/hal-02919767 Submitted on 24 Aug 2020 HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est archive for the deposit and dissemination of sci- destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents entific research documents, whether they are pub- scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, lished or not. The documents may come from émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de teaching and research institutions in France or recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires abroad, or from public or private research centers. publics ou privés. microorganisms Article Isotopic Tracers Unveil Distinct Fates for Nitrogen Sources during Wine Fermentation with Two Non-Saccharomyces Strains Ying Su 1, Pauline Seguinot 2,3, Audrey Bloem 2, Anne Ortiz-Julien 3, José María Heras 4, José Manuel Guillamón 1 and Carole Camarasa 2,* 1 Departamento de Biotecnología de Alimentos, Instituto de Agroquímica y Tecnología de Alimentos (IATA), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones -
Phylogenetic Circumscription of Saccharomyces, Kluyveromyces
FEMS Yeast Research 4 (2003) 233^245 www.fems-microbiology.org Phylogenetic circumscription of Saccharomyces, Kluyveromyces and other members of the Saccharomycetaceae, and the proposal of the new genera Lachancea, Nakaseomyces, Naumovia, Vanderwaltozyma and Zygotorulaspora Downloaded from https://academic.oup.com/femsyr/article-abstract/4/3/233/562841 by guest on 29 May 2020 Cletus P. Kurtzman à Microbial Genomics and Bioprocessing Research Unit, National Center for Agricultural Utilization Research, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, 1815 N. University Street, Peoria, IL 61604, USA Received 22 April 2003; received in revised form 23 June 2003; accepted 25 June 2003 First published online Abstract Genera currently assigned to the Saccharomycetaceae have been defined from phenotype, but this classification does not fully correspond with species groupings determined from phylogenetic analysis of gene sequences. The multigene sequence analysis of Kurtzman and Robnett [FEMS Yeast Res. 3 (2003) 417^432] resolved the family Saccharomycetaceae into 11 well-supported clades. In the present study, the taxonomy of the Saccharomyctaceae is evaluated from the perspective of the multigene sequence analysis, which has resulted in reassignment of some species among currently accepted genera, and the proposal of the following five new genera: Lachancea, Nakaseomyces, Naumovia, Vanderwaltozyma and Zygotorulaspora. ß 2003 Federation of European Microbiological Societies. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. Keywords: Saccharomyces; Kluyveromyces; New ascosporic yeast genera; Molecular systematics; Multigene phylogeny 1. Introduction support the maintenance of three distinct genera. Yarrow [8^10] revived the concept of three genera and separated The name Saccharomyces was proposed for bread and Torulaspora and Zygosaccharomyces from Saccharomyces, beer yeasts by Meyen in 1838 [1], but it was Reess in 1870 although species assignments were often di⁄cult. -
Social Wasps Promote Social Behavior in Saccharomyces Spp
COMMENTARY Social wasps promote social behavior in Saccharomyces spp. COMMENTARY Meredith Blackwella,b,1 and Cletus P. Kurtzmanc Production of fermented beverages and bread mak- ing represents a multibillion dollar worldwide industry (1) with its origins linked to the Middle East nearly 10,000 y ago (2). Despite this long history, the cause of fermentation was not discovered until the pioneer- ing work beginning in the middle of the 19th century when Louis Pasteur demonstrated that fermentation is yeast-mediated. The long-term questions have been which yeast and where did it come from? The name selected for the wine fermentation yeast was Saccha- romyces cerevisiae, but based on phenotype, it appeared that there were related fermentative spe- cies. Early studies from DNA reassociation (3) and from gene sequencing (4) verified this premise and demon- strated that additional species of Saccharomyces were involved in fermentation, such as Saccharomyces uva- rum for lager beers. DNA sequence evidence sup- ports the use of S. cerevisiae in wine making in Egypt 5,000 y ago (5). Unresolved has been an under- standing of the natural habitat of Saccharomyces spe- cies. It has been proposed that S. cerevisiae evolved into a domesticated species found only in wineries and associated vineyards, but the discovery of Saccha- romyces species on tree bark has raised the intriguing possibility that S. cerevisiae and related species have a Fig. 1. Several studies surveyed yeasts present in the gut or on the surface of natural habitat associated with forest trees (6). More various insects. The work of Stefanini et al. -
Fungal Diversity Analysis of Grape Musts from Central Valley-Chile and Characterization of Potential New Starter Cultures
microorganisms Article Fungal Diversity Analysis of Grape Musts from Central Valley-Chile and Characterization of Potential New Starter Cultures 1,2, 1,3, 1, 4,5 Dinka Mandakovic y, Rodrigo Pulgar y, Jonathan Maldonado y , Wladimir Mardones , Mauricio González 1,2,3, Francisco A. Cubillos 4,5,* and Verónica Cambiazo 1,2,3,* 1 Laboratorio de Bioinformática y Expresión Génica, Instituto de Nutrición y Tecnología de los Alimentos (INTA), Universidad de Chile, Santiago 7810000, Chile; [email protected] (D.M.); [email protected] (R.P.); [email protected] (J.M.); [email protected] (M.G.) 2 FONDAP Center for Genome Regulation, Santiago 7810000, Chile 3 Diagnofast SPA, Santiago 7810000, Chile 4 Millennium Institute for Integrative Biology (iBio), Santiago 7500565, Chile; [email protected] 5 Departamento de Biología, Facultad de Química y Biología, Universidad de Santiago de Chile, Santiago 9160000, Chile * Correspondence: [email protected] (F.A.C.); [email protected] (V.C.) Current Address: GEMA Center for Genomics, Ecology and Environment, Universidad Mayor (D.M.); y Laboratorio de Genética y Genómica de Interacciones Biológicas, INTA, Universidad de Chile (R.P.); Laboratorio de Biología de Sistemas de Plantas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile (J.M.). Received: 5 June 2020; Accepted: 22 June 2020; Published: 24 June 2020 Abstract: Autochthonous microorganisms are an important source of the distinctive metabolites that influence the chemical profile of wine. However, little is known about the diversity of fungal communities associated with grape musts, even though they are the source of local yeast strains with potential capacities to become starters during fermentation. -
Hexose Transport in Torulaspora Delbrueckii: Identification of Igt1, A
FEMS Yeast Research, 20, 2020, foaa004 doi: 10.1093/femsyr/foaa004 Advance Access Publication Date: 25 January 2020 Research Article Downloaded from https://academic.oup.com/femsyr/article-abstract/20/1/foaa004/5715911 by University College Cork user on 10 February 2020 RESEARCH ARTICLE Hexose transport in Torulaspora delbrueckii: identification of Igt1, a new dual-affinity transporter Andreia Pacheco1, Lorena Donzella1,2, Maria Jose Hernandez-Lopez3,Maria Judite Almeida1, Jose Antonio Prieto3, Francisca Randez-Gil3, John P. Morrissey2,† and Maria Joao˜ Sousa1,* 1Centre of Environmental and Molecular Biology, Department of Biology, University of Minho, Campus of Gualtar, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal, 2School of Microbiology, Centre for Synthetic Biology and Biotechnology, Environmental Research Institute, APC Microbiome Institute, University College Cork, T12YT20 Cork, Ireland and 3Department of Biotechnology, Instituto de Agroqumica y Tecnologia de los Alimentos, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientficas, Avda. Agustn Escardino, 7. 46980-Paterna, Valencia, Spain ∗Corresponding author: Centre of Environmental and Molecular Biology, Department of Biology, University of Minho, Campus of Gualtar, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal. Tel: +351253601545; E-mail: [email protected] One sentence summary: Here the authors identified and characterized, both from a structural and a biochemical point of view, a new intermediate affinity hexose transporter, Igt1, in the industrial relevant yeast T. delbrueckii. Editor: Carol Munro †John P. Morrissey, http://orcid.org/0000-0001-7960-2001 ABSTRACT Torulaspora delbrueckii is a yeast species receiving increasing attention from the biotechnology industry, with particular relevance in the wine, beer and baking sectors. However, little is known about its sugar transporters and sugar transport capacity, frequently a rate-limiting step of sugar metabolism and efficient fermentation. -
Hybridization of Saccharomyces Cerevisiae Sourdough Strains with Cryotolerant Saccharomyces Bayanus NBRC1948 As a Strategy to In
microorganisms Article Hybridization of Saccharomyces cerevisiae Sourdough Strains with Cryotolerant Saccharomyces bayanus NBRC1948 as a Strategy to Increase Diversity of Strains Available for Lager Beer Fermentation Martina Catallo 1,† , Fabrizio Iattici 1,†, Cinzia L. Randazzo 2, Cinzia Caggia 2, Kristoffer Krogerus 3 , Frederico Magalhães 3, Brian Gibson 4 and Lisa Solieri 1,* 1 Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, via Amendola 2, 42122 Reggio Emilia, Italy; [email protected] (M.C.); [email protected] (F.I.) 2 Department of Agricultural, Food and Environment, University of Catania, via Santa Sofia, 95123 Catania, Italy; [email protected] (C.L.R.); [email protected] (C.C.) 3 VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland Ltd., Tietotie 2, P.O. Box 1000, FI-02044 VTT Espoo, Finland; Kristoffer.Krogerus@vtt.fi (K.K.); Frederico.Magalhaes@vtt.fi (F.M.) 4 Chair of Brewing and Beverage Technology, Technical University of Berlin, Seestraße 13, 13353 Berlin, Germany; [email protected] * Correspondence: [email protected]; Tel.: +39-0522-522026 † These authors contribute equally to this work. Citation: Catallo, M.; Iattici, F.; Abstract: The search for novel brewing strains from non-brewing environments represents an Randazzo, C.L.; Caggia, C.; Krogerus, emerging trend to increase genetic and phenotypic diversities in brewing yeast culture collections. K.; Magalhães, F.; Gibson, B.; Solieri, Another valuable tool is hybridization, where beneficial traits of individual strains are combined in a L. Hybridization of Saccharomyces cerevisiae Sourdough Strains with single organism. This has been used successfully to create de novo hybrids from parental brewing Cryotolerant Saccharomyces bayanus strains by mimicking natural Saccharomyces cerevisiae ale × Saccharomyces eubayanus lager yeast NBRC1948 as a Strategy to Increase hybrids. -
Exploring and Engineering Yeasts for Industrial Application
FOCUSED MEETING 2017 33rd International Specialised Symposium on Yeasts Exploring and Engineering Yeasts for Industrial Application 26 – 29 June 2017 University College Cork, Ireland http://microb.io/ISSY33 #ISSY33 POSTER ABSTRACT BOOK Contents: Session Poster number Page number Genomics and Hybrids P1 – P18 2 - 19 Interconnected Metabolic and Stress Networks P19 – P30 20 - 31 Strategies for Engineering Yeast Genomes P31 – P38 32 - 39 Tolerating the Stress of Industrial Processes P39 – P48 40 - 50 Exploiting Evolution to Develop Optimised Strains P49 – P57 51 - 59 Diverse Yeast Exploitation P58 – P92 60 - 94 Engineering Yeast Cell Factories 1 P93 – P103 95 - 105 Engineering Yeast Cell Factories 2 P104 – P113 106 – 115 Yeast biodiversity contributions to fermented beverages P114 – P148 116 - 150 1 | Abstracts are published as received from the authors and are not subject to editing Genomics and Hybrids P1 Saccharomyces Hybrids: Generation and Analysis Alexander Hinks Roberts1, Agnieszka Maslowska1, Thomas Davies1, Samina Naseeb3, Stuart Wilkinson2, Chris Powell2, Daniela Delneri3, Edward Louis1 1University of Leicester, Leicester, UK, 2University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK, 3University of Manchester, Manchester, UK Saccharomyces interspecific hybrids, both artificial and natural, have significant potential in industry. This is because they can inherit and combine beneficial traits from each parental species. Breeding between species allows for mixing of the gene pool and under selective pressure, gives rise to individuals with beneficial gene combinations. However most hybrids are seen as evolutionary dead-ends. This is because they are usually sexually sterile, inhibiting the potential for strain improvement through breeding. The Saccharomyces sensu stricto clade consists of seven closely related species, many of which have been domesticated through use in various processes such as baking, biofuel production, wine making and brewing.