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Pertussis Toxin
Pertussis Toxin Publication Number MAN0004270 Revision Date 09 May 2011 Catalog Number: PHZ1174 Quantity: 50 μg Lot Number: See product label. Appearance: Lyophilized solid. Origin: Bordetella pertussis. Purity: >99%. This preparation migrates as five distinct bands when analyzed by SDS–Urea PAGE. The five bands correspond to one A protomer subunit, designated S1 (Mr=26.2 kDa), and four B oligomer subunits, designated S2- S5 (Mr’s= 21.9, 21.9, 12.1, and 10.9 kDa, respectively). Summary: Islet-activating protein Pertussis toxin consists of an A protomer subunit (S1) which possesses both NAD+ glycohydrolase and ADP–ribosyltransferase activities, and B oligomer subunits (S2, S3, S4, and S5) which are responsible for attachment of the native toxin to eukaryotic cell surfaces. Pertussis toxin uncouples G proteins from receptors by ADP ribosylating a cysteine residue near the carboxyl terminus of the α subunit. Biological Activity: The lowest concentration which produces a clustered growth pattern with CHO cells is 0.03 ng/mL. The adenylate cyclase activity of this preparation is 20.1 picomoles/minute/μg in the presence of 1 μg calmodulin. Reconstitution Reconstitute the contents of this vial with 500 μL sterile, distilled water. The composition of the solution will be Recommendation: 50 μg Pertussis toxin, 10 mM sodium phosphate, pH 7.0, 50 mM sodium chloride. Because Pertussis toxin is relatively insoluble, the resulting suspension should be made uniform by gentle mixing prior to withdrawing aliquots. It is important to note that this suspension should not be sterile-filtered. This preparation is not activated. For use with intact cells or extracts, activation is not necessary. -
Examples of Successful Protein Expression with SUMO Reference Protein Type Family Kda System (Pubmed ID)
Examples of Successful Protein Expression with SUMO Reference Protein Type Family kDa System (PubMed ID) 23 (FGF23), human Growth factor FGF superfamily ~26 E. coli 22249723 SARS coronavirus (SARS-CoV) membrane 3C-like (3CL) protease Viral membrane protein protein 33.8 E. coli 16211506 5′nucleotidase-related apyrase (5′Nuc) Saliva protein (apyrase) 5′nucleotidase-related proteins 65 E. coli 20351782 Acetyl-CoA carboxylase 1 (ACC1) Cytosolic enzyme Family of five biotin-dependent carboxylases ~7 E. coli 22123817 Acetyl-CoA carboxylase 2 (ACC2) BCCP domain Cytosolic enzyme Family of five biotin-dependent carboxylases ~7 E. coli 22123817 Actinohivin (AH) Lectin Anti-HIV lectin of CBM family 13 12.5 E. coli DTIC Allium sativum leaf agglutinin (ASAL) Sugar-binding protein Mannose-binding lectins 25 E. coli 20100526 Extracellular matrix Anosmin protein Marix protein 100 Mammalian 22898776 Antibacterial peptide CM4 (ABP-CM4) Antibacterial peptide Cecropin family of antimicrobial peptides 3.8 E. coli 19582446 peptide from centipede venoms of Scolopendra Antimicrobial peptide scolopin 1 (AMP-scolopin 1) small cationic peptide subspinipes mutilans 2.6 E. coli 24145284 Antitumor-analgesic Antitumor-analgesic peptide (AGAP) peptide Multifunction scorpion peptide 7 E. coli 20945481 Anti-VEGF165 single-chain variable fragment (scFv) Antibody Small antibody-engineered antibody 30 E. coli 18795288 APRIL TNF receptor ligand tumor necrosis factor (TNF) ligand 16 E. coli 24412409 APRIL (A proliferation-inducing ligand, also named TALL- Type II transmembrane 2, TRDL-1 and TNFSF-13a) protein Tumor necrosis factor (TNF) family 27.51 E. coli 22387304 Aprotinin/Basic pancreatic trypsin inhibitor (BPTI) Inhibitor Kunitz-type inhibitor 6.5 E. -
Download Product Insert (PDF)
Product Information CNQX Item No. 14618 CAS Registry No.: 115066-14-3 Formal Name: 1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-7-nitro-2,3-dioxo-6- quinoxalinecarbonitrile H Synonyms: 6-cyano-7-Nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione, NC N O FG 9065 MF: C9H4N4O4 FW: 232.2 O O N N Purity: ≥98% 2 Stability: ≥2 years at -20°C H Supplied as: A crystalline solid λ UV/Vis.: max: 217, 275, 315 nm Laboratory Procedures For long term storage, we suggest that CNQX be stored as supplied at -20°C. It should be stable for at least two years. CNQX is supplied as a crystalline solid. A stock solution may be made by dissolving the CNQX in the solvent of choice. CNQX is soluble in organic solvents such as DMSO and dimethyl formamide (DMF), which should be purged with an inert gas. The solubility of CNQX in these solvents is approximately 5 and 12 mg/ml, respectively. CNQX is sparingly soluble in aqueous buffers. For maximum solubility in aqueous buffers, CNQX should first be dissolved in DMF and then diluted with the aqueous buffer of choice. CNQX has a solubility of approximately 0.5 mg/ml in a 1:1 solution of DMF:PBS (pH 7.2) using this method. We do not recommend storing the aqueous solution for more than one day. CNQX is a competitive, non-NMDA glutamate receptor antagonist (IC50s = 0.3 and 1.5 μM for AMPA and kainate 1,2 receptors, respectively, versus IC50 = 25 μM for NMDA receptors). This compound has been used to specifically target AMPA and kainate receptor responses and thus differentiate from that of NMDA receptors. -
Biological Toxins Fact Sheet
Work with FACT SHEET Biological Toxins The University of Utah Institutional Biosafety Committee (IBC) reviews registrations for work with, possession of, use of, and transfer of acute biological toxins (mammalian LD50 <100 µg/kg body weight) or toxins that fall under the Federal Select Agent Guidelines, as well as the organisms, both natural and recombinant, which produce these toxins Toxins Requiring IBC Registration Laboratory Practices Guidelines for working with biological toxins can be found The following toxins require registration with the IBC. The list in Appendix I of the Biosafety in Microbiological and is not comprehensive. Any toxin with an LD50 greater than 100 µg/kg body weight, or on the select agent list requires Biomedical Laboratories registration. Principal investigators should confirm whether or (http://www.cdc.gov/biosafety/publications/bmbl5/i not the toxins they propose to work with require IBC ndex.htm). These are summarized below. registration by contacting the OEHS Biosafety Officer at [email protected] or 801-581-6590. Routine operations with dilute toxin solutions are Abrin conducted using Biosafety Level 2 (BSL2) practices and Aflatoxin these must be detailed in the IBC protocol and will be Bacillus anthracis edema factor verified during the inspection by OEHS staff prior to IBC Bacillus anthracis lethal toxin Botulinum neurotoxins approval. BSL2 Inspection checklists can be found here Brevetoxin (http://oehs.utah.edu/research-safety/biosafety/ Cholera toxin biosafety-laboratory-audits). All personnel working with Clostridium difficile toxin biological toxins or accessing a toxin laboratory must be Clostridium perfringens toxins Conotoxins trained in the theory and practice of the toxins to be used, Dendrotoxin (DTX) with special emphasis on the nature of the hazards Diacetoxyscirpenol (DAS) associated with laboratory operations and should be Diphtheria toxin familiar with the signs and symptoms of toxin exposure. -
An Investigation Into Pro-Apoptotic Targets in Experimental Glaucoma and the Neuroprotective Effects of Ginkgo Biloba in Retinal Ganglion Cells
An investigation into pro-apoptotic targets in experimental glaucoma and the neuroprotective effects of Ginkgo biloba in retinal ganglion cells Abeir Baltmr MB ChB, FRCS (Glasg) A thesis submitted to University College London for the degree of Doctor of Medicine (Research) 2012 Glaucoma and Retinal Neurodegeneration Research Group Visual Neuroscience Institute of Ophthalmology 1 Declaration I, Abeir Baltmr, confirm that the work presented in this thesis is my own. Where information has been derived from other sources, I confirm that this has been indicated in the thesis. Abeir Baltmr 2 Abstract Ginkgo biloba has been advocated as a neuroprotective agent for several years in glaucoma. In this study, immunohistochemistry was used to identify known potential molecular targets of Ginkgo biloba related to retinal ganglion cell (RGC) apoptosis in experimental glaucoma, including amyloid precursor protein (APP), Aß, cytochrome c, caspase-3 and tumor necrosis factor receptor-1 (TNF-R1). Furthermore, using apoptotic inducers related to mechanisms implicated in glaucoma, namely Dimethyl sulphoxide (DMSO), ultraviolet C (UVC) and Sodium Azide (NaN3), the effects of the terpenoid fraction of Ginkgo biloba (Ginkgolide A, Ginkgolide B and Bilobalide) were investigated separately in cultured retinal ganglion cells (RGC-5). Cell viability was determined by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5- diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay and morphological analysis of DMSO treated RGC-5 was performed using Hoechst 33342 stain. Immunohistochemistry showed a strong inverse correlation between Aß and APP in ocular hypertension (OHT) animals, with APP and Aß accumulation peaking at 1 and 12 weeks after intraocular pressure (IOP) elevation respectively. Cytochrome c and TNF-R1 expression peaked at 3 weeks, and active caspase 3 activity at 12 weeks after IOP elevation. -
Synthesis and Biological Evaluation
Margarida Leonor Florindo Espadinha Licenciatura em Química Aplicada Enantiopure bicyclic lactams: synthesis and biological evaluation Dissertação para obtenção do Grau de Mestre em Química Bioorgânica Orientador: Prof. Doutora Maria M. M. Santos, FF-UL Elemento de Ligação: Prof. Doutora Paula Sério Branco, FCT-UNL Presidente: Prof. Doutora Paula Sério Branco, FCT-UNL Arguente: Prof. Doutor Vasco Bonifácio, IST-CQFM Vogal: Prof. Doutora Maria M. M. Santos, FF-UL Outubro 2015 i LOMBADA biological evaluation biological dinha synthesis and and synthesis : Margarida Espa Margarida lactams bicyclic Enantiopure ii 2015 Margarida Leonor Florindo Espadinha Licenciatura em Química Aplicada Enantiopure bicyclic lactams: synthesis and biological evaluation Dissertação para obtenção do Grau de Mestre em Química Bioorgânica Orientador: Prof. Doutora Maria M. M. Santos, FF-UL Elemento de Ligação: Prof. Doutora Paula Sério Branco, FCT Presidente: Prof. Doutora Paula Sério Branco, FCT-UNL Arguente: Doutor Vasco Bonifácio, IST-CQFM Vogal: Prof. Doutora Maria M. M. Santos, FF-UL Outubro 2015 iii Enantiopure bicyclic lactams: synthesis and biological evaluation Margarida Leonor Florindo Espadinha, Copyright A Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia e a Universidade Nova de Lisboa têm o direito, perpétuo e sem limites geográficos, de arquivar e publicar esta dissertação através de exemplares impressos reproduzidos em papel ou de forma digital, ou por outro qualquer meio conhecido ou que venha a ser inventado e de divulgar através de repositórios científicos e de admitir a sua cópia e distribuição com objectivos educacionais ou de investigação, não comerciais, desde que seja dado crédito ao autor e editor. iv Acknowledgements I would like to thank Professor Dr. Maria M. -
Animal Venom Derived Toxins Are Novel Analgesics for Treatment Of
Short Communication iMedPub Journals 2018 www.imedpub.com Journal of Molecular Sciences Vol.2 No.1:6 Animal Venom Derived Toxins are Novel Upadhyay RK* Analgesics for Treatment of Arthritis Department of Zoology, DDU Gorakhpur University, Gorakhpur, UP, India Abstract *Corresponding authors: Ravi Kant Upadhyay Present review article explains use of animal venom derived toxins as analgesics of the treatment of chronic pain and inflammation occurs in arthritis. It is a [email protected] progressive degenerative joint disease that put major impact on joint function and quality of life. Patients face prolonged inappropriate inflammatory responses and bone erosion. Longer persistent chronic pain is a complex and debilitating Department of Zoology, DDU Gorakhpur condition associated with a large personal, mental, physical and socioeconomic University, Gorakhpur, UttarPradesh, India. burden. However, for mitigation of inflammation and sever pain in joints synthetic analgesics are used to provide quick relief from pain but they impose many long Tel: 9838448495 term side effects. Venom toxins showed high affinity to voltage gated channels, and pain receptors. These are strong inhibitors of ion channels which enable them as potential therapeutic agents for the treatment of pain. Present article Citation: Upadhyay RK (2018) Animal Venom emphasizes development of a new class of analgesic agents in form of venom Derived Toxins are Novel Analgesics for derived toxins for the treatment of arthritis. Treatment of Arthritis. J Mol Sci. Vol.2 No.1:6 Keywords: Analgesics; Venom toxins; Ion channels; Channel inhibitors; Pain; Inflammation Received: February 04, 2018; Accepted: March 12, 2018; Published: March 19, 2018 Introduction such as the back, spine, and pelvis. -
Pertussis Toxin
PLEASE POST THIS PAGE IN AREAS WHERE PERTUSSIS TOXIN IS USED IN RESEARCH LABORATORIES UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN FRANCISCO ENVIRONMENT, HEALTH AND SAFETY/BIOSAFETY PERTUSSIS TOXIN EXPOSURE/INJURY RESPONSE PROTOCOL Organism or Agent: Pertussis Toxin Exposure Risk; Multiple Endocrine/Metabolic Effects Exposure Hotline Pager: 415/353-7842 (353-STIC) (Available 24 hours) Office of Environment, Health & Safety: 415/476-1300 (Available during work hours) 415/476-1414 or 9-911 (In case of emergency, available 24 hours) EH&S Biosafety Officer 415/514-2824 EH&S Public Health Officer: 415/514-3531 UCSF Occupational Health Services: 415/885-7580 (Available during work hours) California Poison Control: 800/222-1222 SFDPH Emergency Number: 415/554-2830 CDC Emergency Operations: 770/488-7100 _________________________________________________________________________ PROTOCOL SUMMARY In the event of an accidental exposure or injury, the protocol is as follows: 1. Modes of Exposure: a. Skin puncture or injection b. Ingestion c. Contact with mucous membranes (eyes, nose, mouth) d. Contact with non-intact skin e. Exposure to aerosols f. Respiratory exposure from inhalation of toxin 2. First Aid: a. Skin Exposure, immediately go to the sink and thoroughly wash the skin with soap and water. If working with pertussis, decontaminate any exposed skin with an antiseptic scrub solution. b. Skin Wound, immediately go to the sink and thoroughly wash the wound with soap and water and pat dry. c. Splash to Eye(s), Nose or Mouth, immediately flush the area with running water for at least 5- 10 minutes. d. Splash Affecting Garments, remove garments that may have become soiled or contaminated and place them in a double red plastic bag. -
A Functional Nav1.7-Navab Chimera with a Reconstituted High-Affinity Protx-II Binding Site S
Supplemental material to this article can be found at: http://molpharm.aspetjournals.org/content/suppl/2017/06/23/mol.117.108712.DC1 1521-0111/92/3/310–317$25.00 https://doi.org/10.1124/mol.117.108712 MOLECULAR PHARMACOLOGY Mol Pharmacol 92:310–317, September 2017 Copyright ª 2017 by The American Society for Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics A Functional NaV1.7-NaVAb Chimera with a Reconstituted High-Affinity ProTx-II Binding Site s Ramkumar Rajamani, Sophie Wu, Iyoncy Rodrigo, Mian Gao, Simon Low, Lisa Megson, David Wensel, Rick L. Pieschl, Debra J. Post-Munson, John Watson, David R. Langley, Michael K. Ahlijanian, Linda J. Bristow, and James Herrington Molecular Discovery Technologies, Wallingford, Connecticut, Princeton, New Jersey, and Waltham, Massachusetts (R.R., S.W., I.R., M.G., S.L., L.M., D.W., D.R.L.); Discovery Biology (R.L.P., D.J.P.-M., M.K.A., L.J.B., J.H.) and Lead Discovery and Optimization (J.W.), Bristol-Myers Squibb Company, Wallingford, Connecticut Downloaded from Received March 6, 2017; accepted June 14, 2017 ABSTRACT The NaV1.7 voltage-gated sodium channel is implicated in part of the voltage sensor domain 2 (VSD2) of NaV1.7. Importantly, human pain perception by genetics. Rare gain of function this chimera, DII S1–S4, forms functional sodium channels and is molpharm.aspetjournals.org mutations in NaV1.7 lead to spontaneous pain in humans whereas potently inhibited by the NaV1.7 VSD2 targeted peptide toxin loss of function mutations results in congenital insensitivity to pain. ProTx-II. Further, we show by [125I]ProTx-II binding and surface Hence, agents that specifically modulate the function of NaV1.7 plasmon resonance that the purified DII S1–S4 protein retains high have the potential to yield novel therapeutics to treat pain. -
UC Davis UC Davis Previously Published Works
UC Davis UC Davis Previously Published Works Title Heterogeneity in Kv2 Channel Expression Shapes Action Potential Characteristics and Firing Patterns in CA1 versus CA2 Hippocampal Pyramidal Neurons. Permalink https://escholarship.org/uc/item/2m94393j Journal eNeuro, 4(4) ISSN 2373-2822 Authors Palacio, Stephanie Chevaleyre, Vivien Brann, David H et al. Publication Date 2017-07-01 DOI 10.1523/ENEURO.0267-17.2017 Peer reviewed eScholarship.org Powered by the California Digital Library University of California New Research Neuronal Excitability Heterogeneity in Kv2 Channel Expression Shapes Action Potential Characteristics and Firing Patterns in CA1 versus CA2 Hippocampal Pyramidal Neurons Stephanie Palacio,1 Vivien Chevaleyre,2 David H. Brann,3 Karl D. Murray,4 Rebecca A. Piskorowski,2 and James S. Trimmer1,5 DOI:http://dx.doi.org/10.1523/ENEURO.0267-17.2017 1Department of Neurobiology, Physiology, and Behavior, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, 2INSERM U894, Team Synaptic Plasticity and Neural Networks, Université Paris Descartes, Paris 75014, France, 3Department of Neuroscience, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, 4Center for Neuroscience, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, and 5Department of Physiology and Membrane Biology, University of California Davis School of Medicine, Davis, CA 95616 Abstract The CA1 region of the hippocampus plays a critical role in spatial and contextual memory, and has well- established circuitry, function and plasticity. In contrast, the properties of the flanking CA2 pyramidal neurons (PNs), important for social memory, and lacking CA1-like plasticity, remain relatively understudied. In particular, little is known regarding the expression of voltage-gated Kϩ (Kv) channels and the contribution of these channels to the distinct properties of intrinsic excitability, action potential (AP) waveform, firing patterns and neurotrans- mission between CA1 and CA2 PNs. -
Life-Style Related Disease Antibodies Kits Diabetes & Obesities
BIO-No.2 Wako Product Update Bio-No.2 Life-style related Disease Kits Antibodies Diabetes & Obesities INDEX 1. Kits 3. Reagents for Diabetes Research 1Kit Index ............................................................ 3 3-a Kv2.1/Kv2.2 Channel Blocker / Enhancer of 1-a Adiponectin ...................................................... 4 Glucose-Dependent Insulin Secretion ......... 18 1-b A/G ratio............................................................ 4 3-b Sulfonylurea (SU) Antidiabetic Agents ......... 18 1-c Albumin ............................................................. 5 3-c Biguanide Antidiabetic Agents ...................... 18 1-d Alkaline Phosphatase ..................................... 6 3-d Diabetes Complication ................................... 19 1-e Apo B-48 ........................................................... 6 3-e Glucagon Like Peptides .................................. 19 1-f CETP .................................................................. 7 3-f Resistance to Insulin ....................................... 19 Research Diabetes Reagents for Reagents 1-g C-Peptide .......................................................... 8 3-g Others ............................................................... 20 C-Peptide 8 4. Reagents for Hyperlipidemia Research C-Peptide High Sensitive 8 4-a Reagents for Hyperlipidemia Research........ 21 1-h Creatinine ......................................................... 9 HMG-CoA Reductase Inhibitors 21 1-i Glucagon .......................................................... -
Family, Is a Potent Blocker of High-Threshold Ca2+ Channels with A
Proc. Nat!. Acad. Sci. USA Vol. 91, pp. 878-882, February 1994 Cell Biology Calcicludine, a venom peptide of the Kunitz-type protease inhibitor family, is a potent blocker of high-threshold Ca2+ channels with a high affinity for L-type channels in cerebellar granule neurons (tolns/AIZheImer dsase/n inhibitor) HUGUES SCHWEITZ, CATHERINE HEURTEAUX, PATRICK BoIs*, DANIELLE MOINIER, GEORGES ROMEY, AND MICHEL LAZDUNSKIt Institut de Pharmacologie Mol6culaire et Cellulaire, 660 Route des Lucioles, Sophia Antipolis, 06560 Valbonne, France Communicated by JosefFried, October 8, 1993 ABSTRACT Calcicludine (CaC) is a 60-amino acid poly- acid and chromatographed onto a Sephadex G50 column. The peptide from the venom of Dendroaspis angusticeps. It Is peptidic fraction was directly loaded onto a TSK (Toyosoda, structually homologous to the Kunitz-type protease Inhibitor, Japan) SP 5PW (21.5 x 150 mm) column equilibrated with 1% to dendrotoxins, which block K+ c , and to the protease acetic acid. Peptide fractions were then eluted (Fig. 1 Top), inhibItor domain of the amyloid P protein that accumultes in with a linear gradient from 1% acetic acid to 1 M ammonium Alzbeimer disease. Voltage-lamp experiments on a variety of acetate at a flow rate of 8 ml/min. The fractions obtained excitable cells have shown that CaC specificaly blocks most of the hih-threshold Ca2+ che (L-, N-, or P-type) in the (horizontal bars) were designated A-R. Fraction Q was 10-100 nM range. Particularly high densities of specific 125I- lyophilized, redissolved in 1 ml of 0.5% trifluoroacetic acid abeled CaC binding sites were found in the olfactory bulb, in plus 0.9%6 triethylamine in water, and loaded on a Lichrosorb the molecular layer ofthe dentate gyrus and the stratum oriens RP18 7-ikm (250 x 10 mm) column (Merck, Darmstadt, ofCA3 field in the hippocanal formation, and in the granular Germany) and eluted (Fig.