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The Appellate Question: a Comparative Analysis of Supreme Courts of Appeal in Virginia and Louisiana, 1776-1840
W&M ScholarWorks Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects Theses, Dissertations, & Master Projects 1991 The appellate question: A comparative analysis of supreme courts of appeal in Virginia and Louisiana, 1776-1840 Mark F. Fernandez College of William & Mary - Arts & Sciences Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarworks.wm.edu/etd Part of the Law Commons, and the United States History Commons Recommended Citation Fernandez, Mark F., "The appellate question: A comparative analysis of supreme courts of appeal in Virginia and Louisiana, 1776-1840" (1991). Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects. Paper 1539623810. https://dx.doi.org/doi:10.21220/s2-jtfj-2738 This Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by the Theses, Dissertations, & Master Projects at W&M ScholarWorks. It has been accepted for inclusion in Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects by an authorized administrator of W&M ScholarWorks. For more information, please contact [email protected]. INFORMATION TO USERS This manuscript has been reproduced from the microfilm master. UMI films the text directly from the original or copy submitted. Thus, some thesis and dissertation copies are in typewriter face, while others may be from any type of computer printer. The quality of this reproduction is dependent upon the quality of the copy submitted. Broken or indistinct print, colored or poor quality illustrations and photographs, print bleedthrough, substandard margins, and improper alignment can adversely affect reproduction. In the unlikely event that the author did not send UMI a complete manuscript and there are missing pages, these will be noted. Also, if _ unauthorized copyright material had to be removed, a note will indicate the deletion. -
William Preston and the Revolutionary Settlement
Journal of Backcountry Studies EDITOR’S NOTE: This is the third and last installment of the author’s 1990 University of Maryland dissertation, directed by Professor Emory Evans, to be republished in JBS. Dr. Osborn is President of Pacific Union College. William Preston and the Revolutionary Settlement BY RICHARD OSBORN Patriot (1775-1778) Revolutions ultimately conclude with a large scale resolution in the major political, social, and economic issues raised by the upheaval. During the final two years of the American Revolution, William Preston struggled to anticipate and participate in the emerging American regime. For Preston, the American Revolution involved two challenges--Indians and Loyalists. The outcome of his struggles with both groups would help determine the results of the Revolution in Virginia. If Preston could keep the various Indian tribes subdued with minimal help from the rest of Virginia, then more Virginians would be free to join the American armies fighting the English. But if he was unsuccessful, Virginia would have to divert resources and manpower away from the broader colonial effort to its own protection. The other challenge represented an internal one. A large number of Loyalist neighbors continually tested Preston's abilities to forge a unified government on the frontier which could, in turn, challenge the Indians effectivel y and the British, if they brought the war to Virginia. In these struggles, he even had to prove he was a Patriot. Preston clearly placed his allegiance with the revolutionary movement when he joined with other freeholders from Fincastle County on January 20, 1775 to organize their local county committee in response to requests by the Continental Congress that such committees be established. -
Originalism and the Ratification of the Fourteenth Amendment
Copyright 2013 by Northwestern University School of Law Printed in U.S.A. Northwestern University Law Review Vol. 107, No. 4 ORIGINALISM AND THE RATIFICATION OF THE FOURTEENTH AMENDMENT Thomas B. Colby ABSTRACT—Originalists have traditionally based the normative case for originalism primarily on principles of popular sovereignty: the Constitution owes its legitimacy as higher law to the fact that it was ratified by the American people through a supermajoritarian process. As such, it must be interpreted according to the original meaning that it had at the time of ratification. To give it another meaning today is to allow judges to enforce a legal rule that was never actually embraced and enacted by the people. Whatever the merits of this argument in general, it faces particular hurdles when applied to the Fourteenth Amendment. The Fourteenth Amendment was a purely partisan measure, drafted and enacted entirely by Republicans in a rump Reconstruction Congress in which the Southern states were denied representation; it would never have made it through Congress had all of the elected Senators and Representatives been permitted to vote. And it was ratified not by the collective assent of the American people, but rather at gunpoint. The Southern states had been placed under military rule, and were forced to ratify the Amendment—which they despised—as a condition of ending military occupation and rejoining the Union. The Amendment can therefore claim no warrant to democratic legitimacy through original popular sovereignty. It was added to the Constitution despite its open failure to obtain the support of the necessary supermajority of the American people. -
Image Credits, the Making of African
THE MAKING OF AFRICAN AMERICAN IDENTITY: VOL. I, 1500-1865 PRIMARY SOURCE COLLECTION The Making of African American Identity: Vol. I, 1500-1865 IMAGE CREDITS Items listed in chronological order within each repository. ALABAMA DEPT. of ARCHIVES AND HISTORY. Montgomery, Alabama. WEBSITE Reproduced by permission. —Physical and Political Map of the Southern Division of the United States, map, Boston: William C. Woodbridge, 1843; adapted to Woodbridges Geography, 1845; map database B-315, filename: se1845q.sid. Digital image courtesy of Alabama Maps, University of Alabama. ALLPORT LIBRARY AND MUSEUM OF FINE ARTS. State Library of Tasmania. Hobart, Tasmania (Australia). WEBSITE Reproduced by permission of the Tasmanian Archive & Heritage Office. —Mary Morton Allport, Comet of March 1843, Seen from Aldridge Lodge, V. D. Land [Tasmania], lithograph, ca. 1843. AUTAS001136168184. AMERICAN TEXTILE HISTORY MUSEUM. Lowell, Massachusetts. WEBSITE Reproduced by permission. —Wooden snap reel, 19th-century, unknown maker, color photograph. 1970.14.6. ARCHIVES OF ONTARIO. Toronto, Ontario, Canada. WEBSITE In the public domain; reproduced courtesy of Archives of Ontario. —Letter from S. Wickham in Oswego, NY, to D. B. Stevenson in Canada, 12 October 1850. —Park House, Colchester, South, Ontario, Canada, refuge for fugitive slaves, photograph ca. 1950. Alvin D. McCurdy fonds, F2076-16-6. —Voice of the Fugitive, front page image, masthead, 12 March 1854. F 2076-16-935. —Unidentified black family, tintype, n.d., possibly 1850s; Alvin D. McCurdy fonds, F 2076-16-4-8. ASBURY THEOLOGICAL SEMINARY. Wilmore, Kentucky. Permission requests submitted. –“Slaves being sold at public auction,” illustration in Thomas Lewis Johnson, Twenty-Eight Years a Slave, or The Story of My Life in Three Continents, 1909, p. -
Venables of Virginia
VENABLES OF VIRGINIA AN ACCOUNT OF THE ANCESTORS AND DESCENDANTS OF SAMUEL WOODSON VENABLE OF "SPRINGFIELD" AND OF HIS BROTHER WILLIAM LEWIS VENABLE OF "HAYMARKET" BOTH OF PRINCE EDWARD COUNTY, VIRGINIA BY ELIZABETH MARSHALL VENABLE Printed exclusively for members of the family COPYRIGHT, 1925, BY ELIZABETH M. VENABLE Printed in the U-,.ited State$ of America by J. J, LITTLE AND IVES COMPANY, NIIW YOIIIC VE~iABLES OF VIRGINIA GERTRUDE (VENABLE) HOCKER ( 18_48-1901) To THE MEMORY OF MY AUNT, GERTRUDE (VENABLE) HOCKER AND OF MY UNCLE, HER HUS[IAND, JUDGE WILLIAM ADAM HOCKER OF THE SUPREME COURT OF THE STATE OF FLORIDA CONTENTS PART I CHAPTER PAGE VEN ABLES ARMS 3 VENABLES OF ENGLAND 5 2 VENABLES OF VIRGINIA • II 3 ABRAHAM VENABLES II OF VIRGINIA AND HIS CHILDREN 15 4 NATHANIEL VENABLE OF "SLATE HILL," PRINCE EDWARD CO., VA., AND HIS CHILDREN 25 PART II I SAMUEL WOODSON VENABLE OF "sPRINGFIE~D," PRINCE ED WARD CO., VA. 41 2 ELIZABETH WOODSON (VENABLE) WATKINS OF "Do WELL," CHARLOTTE CO., VA., AND HER DESCENDANTS 3 MARGARET READ (VENABLE) CABELL OF "LIBERTY HALL," NELSON CO., VA., AND HER DESCENDANTS 73 4 ANNE MAYO (VENABLE) READ OF "GREENFIELD," CHAR- LOTTE CO., VA., AND HER DESCENDANTS 75 5 MARY CARRINGTON (VENABLE) WOMACK OF "RETREAT," PRINCE EDWARD CO., VA., AND HER DESCENDANTS • 91 6 CLEMENTINA (VENABLE) REID. OF LYNCHBURG, VA., AND HER DESCENDANTS 93 7 HENNINGHAM CARRINGTON (VENABLE) ANDERSON OF ''PROVIDENCE,'' PRINCE EDWARD co., VA., AND HER DE- SCENDANTS 99 8 NATHANIEL E. VENABLE OF "LONGWOOD," PRINCE EDWARD CO., VA., AND HIS DESCENDANTS 105 9 PAUL CARRINGTON VENABLE, M.D., OF "WHEATLAND," MECKLENBURG CO., VA., AND HIS DESCENDANTS 127 IO AGNES WOODSON (VENABLE) WATKINS OF "HOME," PRINCE EDWARD CO., VA., AND HER DESCENDANTS 131 vii Vlll VENABLES OF VIRGINIA CHAPTElt l'AGE II SAMUEL WOODSON VENABLE, JR., OF "VINEYARD," PRINCE EDWARD CO., VA,, AND HIS DESCENDANTS 137 12 ABRAHAM WATKINS VENABLE, OF "BROWNSVILLE," ' GRAN- VILLE CO., N. -
All Batman References in Teen Titans
All Batman References In Teen Titans Wingless Judd boo that rubrics breezed ecstatically and swerve slickly. Inconsiderably antirust, Buck sequinedmodernized enough? ruffe and isled personalties. Commie and outlined Bartie civilises: which Winfred is Behind Batman Superman Wonder upon The Flash Teen Titans Green. 7 Reasons Why Teen Titans Go Has Failed Page 7. Use of teen titans in batman all references, rather fitting continuation, red sun gauntlet, and most of breaching high building? With time throw out with Justice League will wrap all if its members and their powers like arrest before. Worlds apart label the bleak portentousness of Batman v. Batman Joker Justice League Wonder whirl Dark Nights Death Metal 7 Justice. 1 Cars 3 Driven to Win 4 Trivia 5 Gallery 6 References 7 External links Jackson Storm is lean sleek. Wait What Happened in his Post-Credits Scene of Teen Titans Go knowing the Movies. Of Batman's television legacy in turn opinion with very due respect to halt late Adam West. To theorize that come show acts as a prequel to Batman The Animated Series. Bonus points for the empire with Wally having all sorts of music-esteembody image. If children put Dick Grayson Jason Todd and Tim Drake in inner room today at their. DUELA DENT duela dent batwoman 0 Duela Dent ideas. Television The 10 Best Batman-Related DC TV Shows Ranked. Say is famous I'm Batman line while he proceeds to make references. Spoilers Ahead for sound you missed in Teen Titans Go. The ones you essential is mainly a reference to Vicki Vale and Selina Kyle Bruce's then-current. -
Teen Titans: the Silver Age Omnibus Online
2zvuL (Library ebook) Teen Titans: The Silver Age Omnibus Online [2zvuL.ebook] Teen Titans: The Silver Age Omnibus Pdf Free Bob Haney audiobook | *ebooks | Download PDF | ePub | DOC Download Now Free Download Here Download eBook #634603 in Books Bob Haney 2016-11-08 2016-11-08Original language:EnglishPDF # 1 11.20 x 2.10 x 7.60l, .0 #File Name: 1401267564880 pagesTeen Titans The Silver Age Omnibus | File size: 55.Mb Bob Haney : Teen Titans: The Silver Age Omnibus before purchasing it in order to gage whether or not it would be worth my time, and all praised Teen Titans: The Silver Age Omnibus: The sidekicks to DC s greatest heroes including Robin Aqualad Kid Flash Wonder Girl and more formed their own team of Teen Titans in these tales from the 1960s Only a short while after the first superheroes entered the scene they were followed by a host of scrappy teenage sidekicks Batman had Robin Flash had Kid Flash Green Arrow had Speedy Aquaman had Aqualad By 1964 there were enough of these young heroes in training to form their own team the Teen Titans This youthful Junior Justice League came together to aid other youngsters and stomp out evil wherever they found it all with the style and slang of the swinging 60s Dig it TEEN TITANS THE SILVER AGE OMNIBUS VOLUME 1 collects stories from THE BRAVE AND THE BOLD 54 60 83 SHOWCASE 59 75 TEEN TITANS 1 24 and HAWK AND DOVE 1 6 from such talented writers and artists as Nick Cardy Bob Haney Neal Adams Gil Kane Steve Ditko and more The Titans are back in this third volume of the hit series Just as theteam -
GRAND LODGE of KENTUCKY PROCEEDINGS, &C
38 GRAND LODGE PROCEEDINGS. [ April. Entered Apprentice. Jonathan Tho/nas. Withdrawn. PROOEEDINGS D~. Nathan D. Anderson, \VilHs Hoard, S. Samuel Lawrd.nce, Steward. O~' THE Rejection. Joseph Strotht:r, jun., a man of a dark complexion, about 5 feet n inches high, a small scar GRAND LODGE OF KENTUCKY I)n the end of his nose.. AT A GRAND ANNUAL COMMUNICATION, RETURN OF WASHINGTON LODGE, BEGUN AND HELD AT THE MASONS' HALL, IN THE TOWN OF LEXINGTON, Held at Bairdstow1t. On Tuesday. the 11th day of October, A. L. 5803, A. D. 1803. Ofticers. \Vors. THOMAS SPEED, Master. DANIEl. 1- MORltlSON. Senior Warden. JAMIlS Cox,:/unior Warden. [Imprint]: LEXINGTON: Printed by DANIEL BRADFORD. Main Sp-eet. Master Masons. ( 8",0. 21 PP.] Adam Guthrie, Da nicl Jennings, David M'Clelian, Thomas Roberts, Benja.min Helm, Robert Kinl{. Entered Apprentices. Felix Grundy} Robert Wickllff. PROCEEDINGS, &c. At a Grand Annual Communication of the Grand Lodge of Kentucky, begun and held at the Masons' Hall, in the town of Truly extracted from the papers and proceedings of the Grand Lexington, on the second Tue!;iday in October, being the 11th day Lodge. of the month, Anno Lucis 5803, Anno Domini 1803. Teste, THOMAS BODLEY, Grand Secy. PRESENT. The. Most Wors. James Morrison, G. M. Right Wors. John Jordan, Jun.• D. G. M. Wors. James Moore. S. G. W. P. T. Wors. John Bobb, J. G. W. P. T. Thomas Bodley, G. Sec'y. Andrew F. Price. G. Treas. P. T. Daniel Bradford. S. G. D. P. T. William Bobb, J. G. D. -
Amending the U.S. Constitution by State-Led Convention
AMENDING THE U.S. CONstItutION BY StatE -LED CONVENTION INDIANA’S MODEL LEGIslatION DIstRIbutED BY: INDIANA SENatE PRESIDENT PRO TEMPORE DAVID LONG AMENDING THE CONSTITUTION BY STATE‐LED CONVENTION: BACKGROUND INFORMATION U.S. CONSTITUTION, ARTICLE V: The Congress, whenever two thirds of both houses shall deem it necessary, shall propose amendments to this Constitution, or, on the application of the legislatures of two thirds of the several states, shall call a convention for proposing amendments, which, in either case, shall be valid to all intents and purposes, as part of this Constitution, when ratified by the legislatures of three fourths of the several states, or by conventions in three fourths thereof, as the one or the other mode of ratification may be proposed by the Congress; provided that no amendment which may be made prior to the year one thousand eight hundred and eight shall in any manner affect the first and fourth clauses in the ninth section of the first article; and that no state, without its consent, shall be deprived of its equal suffrage in the Senate. AMENDING THE U.S. CONSTITUTION: Article V of the U.S. Constitution provides two paths for amending the Constitution: Path 1: o Step 1: Two-thirds of both houses of Congress pass a proposed constitutional amendment. This sends the proposed amendment to the states for ratification. o Step 2: Three-fourths of the states (38 states) ratify the proposed amendment, either by their legislatures or special ratifying conventions. Path 2: o Step 1: Two-thirds of state legislatures (34 states) ask for Congress to call “a convention for proposing amendments.” o Step 2: States send delegates to this convention, where they can propose amendments to the Constitution. -
The History of the College of William and Mary from Its Foundation, 1693
1693 - 1870 m 1m mmtm m m m&NBm iKMi Sam On,•'.;:'.. m '' IIP -.•. m : . UBS . mm W3m BBSshsR iillltwlll ass I HHH1 m '. • ml §88 BmHRSSranH M£$ Sara ,mm. mam %£kff EARL GREGG SWEM LIBRARY THE COLLEGE OF WILLIAM AND MARY IN VIRGINIA Presented By Dorothy Dickinson PIPPEN'S a BOOI^ a g OllD STORE, 5j S) 60S N. Eutaw St. a. BALT WORE. BOOES EOUOE' j ESCHANQED. 31 Digitized by the Internet Archive in 2011 with funding from LYRASIS Members and Sloan Foundation http://www.archive.org/details/historyofcollege1870coll 0\JI.LCkj£ THE HISTORY College of William and Mary From its Foundation, 1693, to 1870. BALTIMOKE: Printed by John Murphy & Co. Publishers, Booksellers, Printers and Stationers, 182 Baltimore Street. 1870. Oath of Visitor, I. A. B., do golemnly promise and swear, that I will truly and faith- fully execute the duties of my office, as a vistor of William and Mary College, according to the best of my skill and judgment, without favour, affection or partiality. So help me God. Oath of President or Professor. I, do swear, that I will well and truly execute the duties of my office of according to the best of my ability. So help me God. THE CHARTER OF THE College of William and Mary, In Virginia. WILLIAM AND MARY, by the grace of God, of England, Scot- land, France and Ireland, King and Queen, defenders of the faith, &c. To all to whom these our present letters shall come, greeting. Forasmuch as our well-beloved and faithful subjects, constituting the General Assembly of our Colony of Virginia, have had it in their minds, and have proposed -
Fascinating Facts About the U.S. Constitution
The U.S. Constitution & Amendments: Fascinating Facts (Continued) Fascinating Facts About The U.S. Constitution The U.S. Constitution has 4,400 words. It is the The Constitution does not set forth requirements oldest and shortest written Constitution of any major for the right to vote. As a result, at the outset of government in the world. the Union, only male property-owners could vote. ___________________ African Americans were not considered citizens, and women were excluded from the electoral process. Of the spelling errors in the Constitution, Native Americans were not given the right to vote “Pensylvania” above the signers’ names is probably until 1924. the most glaring. ___________________ ___________________ James Madison, “the father of the Constitution,” Thomas Jefferson did not sign the Constitution. was the first to arrive in Philadelphia for the He was in France during the Convention, where Constitutional Convention. He arrived in February, he served as the U.S. minister. John Adams was three months before the convention began, bearing serving as the U.S. minister to Great Britain during the blueprint for the new Constitution. the Constitutional Convention and did not attend ___________________ either. ___________________ Of the forty-two delegates who attended most of the meetings, thirty-nine actually signed the Constitution. The Constitution was “penned” by Jacob Shallus, Edmund Randolph and George Mason of Virginia A Pennsylvania General Assembly clerk, for $30 and Elbridge Gerry of Massachusetts refused to ($726 today). sign in part due to the lack of a bill of rights. ___________________ ___________________ Since 1952, the Constitution has been on display When it came time for the states to ratify the in the National Archives Building in Washington, Constitution, the lack of any bill of rights was the DC. -
Nomination Form
NPS Form 10-900 0 MB No 1024-0018 (R11v. Aug. 2002) United States Department of the Interior National Park Service NATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES REGISTRATION FORM This fo1m 1s for use m nomlnatino or r911ues\ing det.ormln"Ot.ons for 1nd ..wu111 ~ies ooo dtsmas see tnslTvQJons In How to CompJele I/le NaliOfl'al Register of Hl~onc Plncos R()9'sfrQ/lon Fom, (Nauonal Reglsler f3ulleun 16A). Compl11te ooch llem t>y mark1119 • (' ,,, th~ appmpr101e tx>ic 01 by eniertng ine 1mo11narion ruqut:Stect It any Item doc,!> nol ctpply to 11\e !)foe>efty be!OQ documeoiea. enrer "NIN for ·not appllcabln • For functions, archllecturol das~lfrcabon m111c,wls . 1111tJ areas of signtflcaoce, entef onlyca1esones ana subcategones from lhe1ns1n1cuons. Placeaddtuonai i,(lbie<- ar,d nana11,-e11oms O"\ conUnuooon :lheets (NPS Form 10-000a} Use-a 1ypew,,1e·. wore processor. or comput~r. to c:omolele all items =~"""""~-~--==:;::~=-================================================================================ 1. Name of Property =-===-========:r::=:::::==:::c:: ___ c:::=--- ------""-~--=c:::::-::::========================:======================= 2. Location not for publication__ x_ c,ly or town r----------------- vicinity N/A state Virginia code _V_A__ county Suny code ----21p code--- =-==== =:d======== ==-::====-=-=-=-====-====------------------====== 3. State/Federal Agency Certification ====-=,..-- ---- ------ As lhe designated authOnty under lhe Nallonal Hlstonc PraseMttron Act as amef'lded. I nereby cart.lfy that this~ nom1na11on __ request ror determination or eligibillly meets the documeotaUoo standards for registenng properties rn the National Register of Histonc Places and meets tne procedural and professlonat requirements set rorth in 36 CFR Part 60. In my Clpinion Uie proper;y .JS,_, meots __ does no1 meet the Natlonal Rag1s1ar Crtterm.