DOCSLIB.ORG

Adec Preview Generated PDF File

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Adec Preview Generated PDF File Records of the Western Australian Museum Supplement No. 58: 241-247 (2000). Devonian vertebrate biostratigraphy of central Iran V. Hairapetianl, M. YazdP and J.A. Long2 1 Department of Geology, University of Esfahan, Iran 2 Western Australian Museum, Perth, Australia Abstract Middle to Late Devonian fish faunas are known from different parts of central Iran. These faunas comprise thelodonts, acanthodians, actinopterygians, chondrichthyans, sarcopterygians, thelodonts and placoderrns which are predominantly found in marine deposits. This study surveys previous and current work done on the biostratigraphy of micro and macro vertebrates from ten localities. These localities are: Soh limestone beds, north of Esfahan (hemiansatus to Early and Middle varcus Zones); Ab-e-Morad, Chanaruh (Bidou), Hutk and Tangile-ab-Garm (Ravar) localities in Kerman Province (Early varcus Zone to Early Frasnian); Chahriseh area of northeastern Esfahan (probably Late Givetian or Early Frasnian, jamieae, crepida to rhomboidea and postera to expansa Zones); Howz-e-Dorah and Niaz sections at the Shotori Range, Tabas region ifalsiovaiis, iinguiformis, crepida, expansa to Middle praesulcata Zones); and the Garigoon Mountains in the Dalmeh area, northeastern Ardekan (triangularis to crepida and postera to Early expansa Zones). Faunal assemblages with their age constraints from these localities are described throughout the Bahram, Shishtu and other equivalent Formations. INTRODUCTION THE VERTEBRATE FAUNAS Rieben (1935) first recorded Devonian vertebrates from northwestern Iran (Zonus area, Azerbaijan), 1. Kerman fauna but the first report on Devonian vertebrates made One of the most important vertebrate faunas in in central Iran (Kerman) was by Huckriede et al. the Middle East comes from the southeastern part (1962), near thirty years later. The fish of central Iran, named by Lelievre et al. (1993), as palaeontology was first studied by Golshani et al. the Kerman fauna. They gave a summary of the (1972) and continued with many joint French ­ fauna of Tangile - ab - Garm, Hutk, Ab - e - Morad Iranian projects (e.g. Blieck and Goujet 1978; Janvier and Chanbaruh (Bidou) localities (Figure 1). The and Martin 1978, 1979; Lelievre et al. 1981). In recent component taxa of these areas seems to be as a years other workers have collected and studied mixture of Baltican and Gondwanan forms, with a Middle to Late Devonian fish materials from larger number of widespread taxa (Lelievre et al. various localities (Figure 1), especially the Late 1993). Lelievre et al. (1993) gives the faunallist from Devonian successions of central, western and these localities as: eastern central Iran (e.g. Hairapetian and Thelodonti: Gholamalian 1998; Long and Adhamian 2000; Long Turinia hutkensis Blieck and Goujet 1978 and Hairapetian 2000; Yazdi and Turner 2000). These studies have provided new data on micro Acanthodi: and macrovertebrates from central Iran with well Persacanthus kennanensis Janvier 1977 constrained ages, useful for international ? Climatiida gen. et sp. indet. correlation, based on fishes, specially in former ?Acanthodida gen. et sp. indet. Gondwana lands (Figure 2). Here, we provide a Placodermi: summary of micro and macrovertebrate faunas with Golshanichthys asiatica Lelievre, Janvier and Goujet their ages in order to increase our knowledge of 1981 Devonian vertebrates from northern Gondwana Holonema cf. H. radiatum Obruchev 1933 (Figure 3). Unpublished reports have not been Eastmanosteus sp. included in this survey. The Late Devonian zonal Plourdosteus sp. scheme of Ziegler and Sandberg (1984, 1990) and Asterolepis sp. the Devonian correlation chart of Weddige (1996) ? Byssacanthus sp. are used herein. ? Aspidicilthys sp. 242 v. Hairapetian, M. Yazdi, I.A. Long N Turkmenistan t Iraq Afghanistan Saudi Arabia Figure 1 Map of Iran showing major localities for Devonian vertebrates. Ptyctodontida aff. Ptyctodus sp. Dipnoi: Ptyctodontida aff. Rhynchodus sp. Iranorhynchus seyedemanii Janvier and Martin 1978 ? Petalichthyida gen. et sp. indet. Rhinodipterus sp. Dinichthidae gen. et sp. indet. ? Dipterus sp. ? Chirodipterus sp. Chondrichthyes: ? Rhynchodipteridae gen. et sp. indet. Ctenacanthus sp. 'Cladodus'sp. Protacrodus sp. Age constraints Conodonts provide some age control on the Actinopterygii: Kerman fauna. According to the conodonts Moythmasia sp. recovered by Huckriede et al. (1962), Kerman Sarcopterygii: localities have age ranges from Late Givetian to Onychodontiforrnes Early Frasnian. Dastanpour (1990, 1996) examined Onychodus jirouzi Janvier and Martin 1978 some of the mentioned sections and additional ones Strunius rolandi Gross 1956 on the basis of brachiopods and palynomorphs Osteolepiformes which he distinguished as Late Devonian Osteolepididae gen. et sp. indet. (Frasnian). Useful fish elements for marine/ Devonian vertebrate biostratigraphy of central Iran 243 Kazakhstan Armorica South America : •. '.' '._~. ~. -1'. ':. ...' '. "'•• " " Figure 2 Palaeogeographic reconstruction for the Late Devonian (Famennian), showing the position of the Iran block (in black) with respect to the northern margin of Gondwana. After Li et al. (1993). nonmarine correlation in Gondwanan lands are Age constraints thelodont scales from Latest Silurian to early Late The upper Middle Devonian sediments of Soh Devonian (Turner 1997). Blieck and Goujet (1978) was studied by Zahedi (1973), but further suggested a late Early Devonian to Middle investigation in 1999 by Adhamian provided Devonian age for the thelodont Turinia hutkensis reliable age attributions. The age of the Soh fish from limestone beds in Hutk section (part of the bearing beds can be considered as Givetian stage, Bahram Formation). The lowermost limestone layer according to Adhamian (1999). The recovered is attributed to the Givetian (Lower varclls/disparilis shallow water conodonts from Soh section here Zone) in Hutk area, based on conodonts (Wendt et indicate hemiansatus to early and middle varcus al. 1997). Zones (Adhamian 1999). 2. Soh fauna 3. Chahriseh fauna The Middle Devonian (Givetian) successions in Palaeontological studies in the Chahriseh area western central Iran are well exposed in the Soh were not reported on macro and micro vertebrates area, northern Esfahan (Figure 1). This new locality until 1998. Previous workers measured sections and has been yielded thelodonts, acanthodians and mapped the area several times (e.g. Djafarian and palaeoniscoids in a few limestone beds (Long and Brice 1973; Shirani 1995 and Hamedani 1996). The Adhamian 2000). probably Late Givetian, Frasnian and Famennian The identified microvertebrates from this area are fish-bearing beds in this section are rich in as follows: thelodonts, placoderms, sarcopterygians, Thelodonti: acanthodians and few shark microremains which Tllrinia sp. were reported and studied by Hairapetian and Acanthodi: Gholamalian (1998), and by Long and Harapetian (in press). Also recently, Golamalian et al. (2000), Cheiracanthoides cf. C. comptlls Wells 1944 reported a considerable number of thelodont and Actinopterygii: acanthodian microremains. Based on these studies, Palaeoniscoidae gen. et sp. indet. the faunallist is as follows: 244 V. Hairapetian, M. Yazdi, J.A. Long Thelodonti: These have been measured and studied, and Turinia hutkensis Blieck and Goujet 1978 dated by conodont biostratigraphy (M. Yazdi, Australolepis seddoni Turner and Dring 1981 pers. comm. 1999). The well-exposed Late Devonian sections in both localities have been Acanthodi: yielded Frasnian and Famennian vertebrates, cf. Nostolepis gaujensis Valiukevicius 1998 throughout the Bahram and Shistu Formations Placodermi: (e.g. Schultze 1973; Yazdi and Turner 2000). The Bothriolepis sp. fauna is: Ptyctodontidae gen. et sp. indet. Thelodonti: Arthrodira gen. et sp. Indet. Australolepis seddoni Turner and Dring 1981 Actinopterygii: Placodermi: Moythomasia durgaringa Gardiner and Bartram Aspidichthys cf. ingens Koenen 1883 1977 Holonema cf. H. rugosum Claypole 1883 Chondrichthyes: Eastmanosteus sp. Thrinacodus ferox (Turner 1982) Dunkleosteus sp. Phoebodus sp. (Hairapetian pers. obs.) Acanthodi: Protacrodus sp. 'Acanthodes'sp. Stethacanthus sp. Chondrichthyes: "Cladodus" sp. Phoebodus rayi Ginter and Turner 1999 Dipnoi: Protacrodus sp. Adololopas sp. Campbell and Barwick 1998 Symmoriida gen. et sp. indet. Chirodipterus sp. aff. C. australis Miles 1977 ? Stethacanthus sp. Dipteridae gen. et. sp. Indeterminate. ? "Cladodus" sp. Crossopterygii: Sarcopterygii: Onychodus sp. ? Onychodus sp. Osteolepididae gen. et sp. indet. Age constraints Age constraints The thelodont Australolepis seddoni confirms an The age of the thelodont assemblage from a Early Frasnian age (falsiovalis Zone) in the base of calcareous sandstone bed can be attributed to the Bahram Formation (e.g. Turner 2000). Large Early Frasnian on the basis of conodonts and Late Devonian arthrodires are abundant in the palynomorphs. But the presence of one Tabas fauna which can be considered as a key incomplete doubtful element of the genus bed in the linguiformis Zone, below the F/F Bippenathus suggests an older age than Early boundary. Frasnian time for this horizon (Gholamalian et al. The phoebodont teeth occur with many conodont 2000). The presence of Australolepis seddoni species/subspecies in the Shotori Range samples associated with Turinia hutkensis is a most are of confirmed crepdia Zone (Early Famannian) remarkable feature of. These new data on the through the Shishtu Formation (e.g. Yazdi and stratigraphical position of
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Fish Identification
    FISH IDENTIFICATION Anurag Babu EWRG ,CES, IISc, Bangalore SUPER CLASS INFRAPHYLUM AGNATHA CYCLOSTOMAT A PHYLUM CHORDATA SUPER CLASS INFRAPHYLUM Incertae serdis GNATHOSTOMA SUPER CLASS OSTEICHTHYES CLASS CLASS CLASS MYXINI PETROMYZONTIDA CONODANTA CLASS CLASS CLASS CONDRICHTHYES PLACODERMI ACANTHODII CLASS CLASS ACTINOPTERYGII SARCOPTERYGII CLASS CLASS CLASS PTERASPIDOMORPHI THELODONTI ANASPIDA CLASS CEPHALASPIDOMORPHI So , What are the Steps FISH SAMPLING What is the purpose of our Sampling ? Use suitable gears Gears based on purpose Active Gear/ Sampling Passive Gear/ Sampling Fyke Net Cast Net Scoop Net Gill Net Angling FISH IDENTIFICATION ANATOMICAL BODY SHAPE Torpediform Dorso Ventrally Flattened Ribbon like Eel like Spheroid Laterally Flattened Arrow like COLOR & PATTERN ? Etroplus maculatus Scatophagus argus Etroplus suratensis MERISTIC FACIAL & CRANIAL BONES TYPE OF MOUTH Funneled Silver bellies Mouth Classification EYE Caranx latus EYE Caranx latus LEFT OR RIGHT Scophthalmus maximus Hippoglossus hippoglossus FINS DORSAL FINS CAUDAL FINS PECTORAL FIN PELVIC FIN ANAL FIN Caranx ignobilis Spiny Dorsal DORSAL FIN Rayed Dorsal Adipose Dorsal Spiny & Rayed Anal ANAl FIN Rayed Anal PECTORAL FINS PELVIC FINS Abdominal Thoracic CAUDAL FINS CAUDAL FINS What makes Spine & Ray Different ? GILL RAKERS SCALES LATERAL LINE CONTINUITY POSITION CURVE SCUTES IDENTIFICATION KEYS DICHOTOMOUS POLYTOMOUS FIN ( Neogobius melanostomus (Pallas, 1811).) FORMULAD1 VI (V-VII); D2 I + 14-16 (13-16); A I + 11-13 (11-14); P 18-19 (17-20). The anterior dorsal fin has 6 spines, ranging from 5-7 The posterior dorsal fin has one spine and 14-16 soft rays, ranging from 13-16 The anal fin has one spine, 11-13 soft rays, ranging from 11-14 The pectoral fins have 18-19 soft rays, ranging from 17-20 MORPHOMETRIC LET’S try Identifying A FISH !! FIN ( Neogobius melanostomus (Pallas, 1811).) FORMULAD1 VI (V-VII); D2 I + 14-16 (13-16); A I + 11-13 (11-14); P 18-19 (17-20).
    [Show full text]
  • THE CLASSIFICATION and EVOLUTION of the HETEROSTRACI Since 1858, When Huxley Demonstrated That in the Histological Struc
    ACTA PALAEONT OLOGICA POLONICA Vol. VII 1 9 6 2 N os. 1-2 L. BEVERLY TARLO THE CLASSIFICATION AND EVOLUTION OF THE HETEROSTRACI Abstract. - An outline classification is given of the Hetero straci, with diagnoses . of th e following orders and suborders: Astraspidiformes, Eriptychiiformes, Cya­ thaspidiformes (Cyathaspidida, Poraspidida, Ctenaspidida), Psammosteiformes (Tes­ seraspidida, Psarnmosteida) , Traquairaspidiformes, Pteraspidiformes (Pte ras pidida, Doryaspidida), Cardipeltiformes and Amphiaspidiformes (Amphiaspidida, Hiber­ naspidida, Eglonaspidida). It is show n that the various orders fall into four m ain evolutionary lineages ~ cyathaspid, psammosteid, pteraspid and amphiaspid, and these are traced from primitive te ssellated forms. A tentative phylogeny is pro­ posed and alternatives are discussed. INTRODUCTION Since 1858, when Huxley demonstrated that in the histological struc­ ture of their dermal bone Cephalaspis and Pteraspis were quite different from one another, it has been recognized that there were two distinct groups of ostracoderms for which Lankester (1868-70) proposed the names Osteostraci and Heterostraci respectively. Although these groups are generally considered to be related to on e another, Lankester belie­ ved that "the Heterostraci are at present associated with the Osteostraci because they are found in the same beds, because they have, like Cepha­ laspis, a large head shield, and because there is nothing else with which to associate them". In 1889, Cop e united these two groups in the Ostracodermi which, together with the modern cyclostomes, he placed in the Class Agnatha, and although this proposal was at first opposed by Traquair (1899) and Woodward (1891b), subsequent work has shown that it was correct as both the Osteostraci and the Heterostraci were agnathous.
    [Show full text]
  • The Nearshore Cradle of Early Vertebrate Diversification Sallan, Lauren; Friedman, Matt; Sansom, Robert; Bird, Charlotte; Sansom, Ivan
    University of Birmingham The nearshore cradle of early vertebrate diversification Sallan, Lauren; Friedman, Matt; Sansom, Robert; Bird, Charlotte; Sansom, Ivan DOI: 10.1126/science.aar3689 License: None: All rights reserved Document Version Peer reviewed version Citation for published version (Harvard): Sallan, L, Friedman, M, Sansom, R, Bird, C & Sansom, I 2018, 'The nearshore cradle of early vertebrate diversification', Science, vol. 362, no. 6413, pp. 460-464. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aar3689 Link to publication on Research at Birmingham portal Publisher Rights Statement: This is the author’s version of the work. It is posted here by permission of the AAAS for personal use, not for redistribution. The definitive version was published in Science on 26th October 2018. DOI: 10.1126/science.aar3689 General rights Unless a licence is specified above, all rights (including copyright and moral rights) in this document are retained by the authors and/or the copyright holders. The express permission of the copyright holder must be obtained for any use of this material other than for purposes permitted by law. •Users may freely distribute the URL that is used to identify this publication. •Users may download and/or print one copy of the publication from the University of Birmingham research portal for the purpose of private study or non-commercial research. •User may use extracts from the document in line with the concept of ‘fair dealing’ under the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988 (?) •Users may not further distribute the material nor use it for the purposes of commercial gain. Where a licence is displayed above, please note the terms and conditions of the licence govern your use of this document.
    [Show full text]
  • A New Groenlandaspidid Arthrodire (Vertebrata: Placodermi) from the Famennian of Belgium
    GEOLOGICA BELGICA (2005) 8/1-2: 51-67 A NEW GROENLANDASPIDID ARTHRODIRE (VERTEBRATA: PLACODERMI) FROM THE FAMENNIAN OF BELGIUM Philippe JANVIER1-2 and Gaël CLÉMENT1 1. UMR 5143 du CNRS, Département «Histoire de la Terre», Muséum National d ’Histoire Naturelle, 8 rue Buffon, 75005 Paris, France. [email protected] 2. Toe Natural History Museum, Cromwell Road, London SW7 5BD, United Kingdom (9 figures, 1 table and 2 plates) ABSTRACT. A new species of the arthrodire genus Groenlandaspis is described from the upper part of the Evieux Formation (Upper Famennian), based on several specimens collected from quarries at Modave and Villers-le-Temple, Liège Province, Belgium. It is the first occurrence of this widespread genus in continental Europe. This new species is characterized by an almost smooth dermal armour, except for some scattered tubercles on its skull roof, median dorsal and spinal plates. Its median dorsal plate is triangular in shape and almost perfectly equilateral in lateral aspect and bears large, spiniform denticles on its posterior edge. All these Groenlandaspis remains occur in micaceous, dolomitic claystones or siltstones probably deposited in a subtidal environment. Outcrops of the same area have yielded other vertebrate remains, such as the placoderms Phyllolepis and Bothriolepis, acanthodians, various piscine sarcopterygians (Holoptychius , dipnoans, a rhizodontid, Megalichthys, Eusthenodon and a large tristichopterid), and a tetrapod that is probably close to Ichthyostega. The biogeographical history of the genus Groenlandaspis
    [Show full text]
  • (Chondrichthyes) from the Burtnieki Regional Stage, Middle Devonian of Estonia
    Estonian Journal of Earth Sciences, 2008, 57, 4, 219–230 doi:10.3176/earth.2008.4.02 Karksilepis parva gen. et sp. nov. (Chondrichthyes) from the Burtnieki Regional Stage, Middle Devonian of Estonia Tiiu Märss, Anne Kleesment, and Moonika Niit Institute of Geology at Tallinn University of Technology, Ehitajate tee 5, 19086 Tallinn, Estonia; [email protected], [email protected] Received 13 August 2008, accepted 30 September 2008 Abstract. Dermal scales of a new chondrichthyan were discovered in four levels in sandstones of the Härma Beds (lower part of the Burtnieki Regional Stage, Middle Devonian) in the Karksi outcrop of South Estonia. The classification of Karksilepis parva gen. et sp. nov. Märss is still uncertain. Key words: Chondrichthyes, Burtnieki Regional Stage, Middle Devonian, Estonia. INTRODUCTION list of chondrichthyan and putative chondrichthyan taxa from the Lochkovian of the Mackenzie Mountains Chondrichthyan scales are rare in Lower–Middle Palaeo- (MOTH locality), Canada, includes Kathemacanthus, zoic rocks. Chondrichthyan-like scales, however, were Altholepis, Seretolepis, Polymerolepis species, and five described by Sansom et al. (1996) from the Ordovician unnamed taxa (Hanke & Wilson 1997, 1998; Wilson & of Colorado, USA, and by Young (1997) from central Hanke 1998; Wilson et al. 2000). Ellesmereia are found Australia. The earliest Elasmobranchii gen. nov. has in the Lochkovian of the Canadian Arctic (Vieth 1980). been listed from the Early Llandovery (Early Silurian) Scales of Arauzia, Lunalepis, and Iberolepis are known of the Siberian Platform, Russia (Karatajūtė-Talimaa & from the Lower Devonian, Lower Gedinnian (Lochkovian) Predtechenskyj 1995). Niualepis and Elegestolepis conica of Spain (Mader 1986). Pamyrolepis nom. nud. Karatajūtė- have been identified in the Middle Llandovery of South Talimaa scales have been briefly described from the Yakutia and the Bratsk Region, Siberian Platform Emsian of the Eastern Pamyrs (Karatajūtė-Talimaa 1992; (Novitskaya & Karatajūtė-Talimaa 1986; Karatajūtė- Leleshus et al.
    [Show full text]
  • Synchrotron-Aided Reconstruction of the Conodont Feeding Apparatus and Implications for the Mouth of the first Vertebrates
    Synchrotron-aided reconstruction of the conodont feeding apparatus and implications for the mouth of the first vertebrates Nicolas Goudemanda,1, Michael J. Orchardb, Séverine Urdya, Hugo Buchera, and Paul Tafforeauc aPalaeontological Institute and Museum, University of Zurich, CH-8006 Zürich, Switzerland; bGeological Survey of Canada, Vancouver, BC, Canada V6B 5J3; and cEuropean Synchrotron Radiation Facility, 38043 Grenoble Cedex, France Edited* by A. M. Celâl Sxengör, Istanbul Technical University, Istanbul, Turkey, and approved April 14, 2011 (received for review February 1, 2011) The origin of jaws remains largely an enigma that is best addressed siderations. Despite the absence of any preserved traces of oral by studying fossil and living jawless vertebrates. Conodonts were cartilages in the rare specimens of conodonts with partly pre- eel-shaped jawless animals, whose vertebrate affinity is still dis- served soft tissue (10), we show that partial reconstruction of the puted. The geometrical analysis of exceptional three-dimensionally conodont mouth is possible through biomechanical analysis. preserved clusters of oro-pharyngeal elements of the Early Triassic Novispathodus, imaged using propagation phase-contrast X-ray Results synchrotron microtomography, suggests the presence of a pul- We recently discovered several fused clusters (rare occurrences ley-shaped lingual cartilage similar to that of extant cyclostomes of exceptional preservation where several elements of the same within the feeding apparatus of euconodonts (“true” conodonts). animal were diagenetically cemented together) of the Early This would lend strong support to their interpretation as verte- Triassic conodont Novispathodus (11). One of these specimens brates and demonstrates that the presence of such cartilage is a (Fig. 2A), found in lowermost Spathian rocks of the Tsoteng plesiomorphic condition of crown vertebrates.
    [Show full text]
  • Earth and Environmental Science Transactions of the Royal Society of Edinburgh
    Earth and Environmental Science Transactions of the Royal Society of Edinburgh http://journals.cambridge.org/TRE Additional services for Earth and Environmental Science Transactions of the Royal Society of Edinburgh: Email alerts: Click here Subscriptions: Click here Commercial reprints: Click here Terms of use : Click here Endemic thelodonts (Vertebrata: Thelodonti) from the Lower Silurian of central Asia and southern Siberia Živilė Žigaitė Earth and Environmental Science Transactions of the Royal Society of Edinburgh / FirstView Article / November 2013, pp 1 - 21 DOI: 10.1017/S1755691013000467, Published online: 29 November 2013 Link to this article: http://journals.cambridge.org/abstract_S1755691013000467 How to cite this article: Živilė Žigaitė Endemic thelodonts (Vertebrata: Thelodonti) from the Lower Silurian of central Asia and southern Siberia. Earth and Environmental Science Transactions of the Royal Society of Edinburgh, Available on CJO 2013 doi:10.1017/ S1755691013000467 Request Permissions : Click here Downloaded from http://journals.cambridge.org/TRE, IP address: 130.238.80.74 on 02 Dec 2013 Earth and Environmental Science Transactions of the Royal Society of Edinburgh, 104, 1–21, 2013 Endemic thelodonts (Vertebrata: Thelodonti) from the Lower Silurian of central Asia and southern Siberia Zˇ ivile˙ Zˇ igaite˙1,2 1 Evolution and Development, Department of Organismal Biology, Uppsala University, Norbyva¨gen 18A, SE-75236 Uppsala, Sweden. 2 CNRS FRE 3298 Ge´osyste`mes, University of Lille - 1, Palaeozoic Palaeontology and Palaeogeography, F-59655 Villeneuve d’Ascq Cedex, France. Email: [email protected] ABSTRACT: New fossil vertebrate microremains from the Lower Silurian of NW Mongolia, Tuva and S Siberia have been discovered, and previous collections of thelodonts (Vertebrata: The- lodonti) from this region re-studied, figured and described, following recent advances in morphology and systematics of thelodont scales.
    [Show full text]
  • The Nearshore Cradle of Early Vertebrate Diversification Sallan, Lauren; Friedman, Matt; Sansom, Robert; Bird, Charlotte; Sansom, Ivan
    View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by University of Birmingham Research Portal The nearshore cradle of early vertebrate diversification Sallan, Lauren; Friedman, Matt; Sansom, Robert; Bird, Charlotte; Sansom, Ivan DOI: 10.1126/science.aar3689 License: None: All rights reserved Document Version Peer reviewed version Citation for published version (Harvard): Sallan, L, Friedman, M, Sansom, R, Bird, C & Sansom, I 2018, 'The nearshore cradle of early vertebrate diversification', Science, vol. 362, no. 6413, pp. 460-464. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aar3689 Link to publication on Research at Birmingham portal Publisher Rights Statement: This is the author’s version of the work. It is posted here by permission of the AAAS for personal use, not for redistribution. The definitive version was published in Science on 26th October 2018. DOI: 10.1126/science.aar3689 General rights Unless a licence is specified above, all rights (including copyright and moral rights) in this document are retained by the authors and/or the copyright holders. The express permission of the copyright holder must be obtained for any use of this material other than for purposes permitted by law. •Users may freely distribute the URL that is used to identify this publication. •Users may download and/or print one copy of the publication from the University of Birmingham research portal for the purpose of private study or non-commercial research. •User may use extracts from the document in line with the concept of ‘fair dealing’ under the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988 (?) •Users may not further distribute the material nor use it for the purposes of commercial gain.
    [Show full text]
  • New Osteichthyans (Bony Fishes) from the Devonian of Central Australia
    Mitt. Mus. Nat.kd. Berl., Geowiss. Reihe 8 (2005), 13–35 / DOI 10.1002/mmng.200410002 New osteichthyans (bony fishes) from the Devonian of Central Australia Gavin C. Young*,1 & Hans-Peter Schultze2 1 Department of Earth & Marine Sciences, Australian National University, Canberra 0200, Australia 2 Museum fu¨ r Naturkunde der Humboldt-Universita¨t zu Berlin, Invalidenstr. 43, D-10115 Berlin, Germany Private: 2001 Vermont St., Lawrence, Kansas 66046, USA Received 30 October 2004, accepted 3 May 2005 Published online 02. 11. 2005 With 10 figures and 2 tables Key words: Osteichthyans, dipnoans, osteolepidids, onychodontids, Devonian, central Australia. Abstract Osteichthyan remains described from two localities in Central Australia (Mount Winter, Amadeus Basin, and southern Toom- ba Range, Georgina Basin) include the dipnoan Amadeodipterus kencampbelli n. gen., n. sp., the osteolepidid Muranjilepis winterensis n. gen., n. sp., and the onychodontid Luckeus abudda n. gen., n. sp., as well as indeterminate holoptychiid scales, osteolepidid scales of a new type from the Georgina Basin locality, and indeterminate onychodontid remains from both local- ities. Amadeodipterus n. gen. is a short-headed dipterid dipnoan with bones A and H enclosed into the skull roof; Muranjilepis n. gen. is a small form with short postparietal and parietoethmoidal shields, large orbits, and large pores of the sensory line system. It is closest to Thursius, and some Chinese osteolepidid material. Luckeus n. gen. is based on an onychodontid lower jaw with Meckel’s cartilage separately ossified perichondrally from the dentary and infradentary, and carrying the parasym- physial tooth whorl. Different osteichthyan taxa at the two localities indicate a difference in age and/or palaeoenvironment within the Early-Middle Devonian.
    [Show full text]
  • Scale Morphology and Squamation Pattern of Guiyu Oneiros Provide
    www.nature.com/scientificreports OPEN Scale morphology and squamation pattern of Guiyu oneiros provide new insights into Received: 8 June 2018 Accepted: 7 January 2019 early osteichthyan body plan Published: xx xx xxxx Xindong Cui1,2,3, Tuo Qiao1,2 & Min Zhu1,2,3 Scale morphology and squamation play an important role in the study of fsh phylogeny and classifcation. However, as the scales of the earliest osteichthyans or bony fshes are usually found in a disarticulated state, research into squamation patterns and phylogeny has been limited. Here we quantitatively describe the scale morphology of the oldest articulated osteichthyan, the 425-million- year-old Guiyu oneiros, based on geometric morphometrics and high-resolution computed tomography. Based on the cluster analysis of the scales in the articulated specimens, we present a squamation pattern of Guiyu oneiros, which divides the body scales into 4 main belts, comprising 16 areas. The new pattern reveals that the squamation of early osteichthyans is more complicated than previously known, and demonstrates that the taxa near the crown osteichthyan node in late Silurian had a greater degree of squamation zonation compared to more advanced forms. This study ofers an important reference for the classifcation of detached scales of early osteichthyans, provides new insights into the early evolution of osteichthyan scales, and adds to our understanding of the early osteichthyan body plan. Research of the scale morphology and squamation of both fossil1–7 and extant osteichthyans8–14 provides valuable information for the fsh systematics and phylogeny. Previous descriptive works on early osteichthyan scale-based taxa were based on qualitative descriptions, or simple quantitative descriptions, lacking any systematic morpho- metric data2,15–20.
    [Show full text]
  • Early Vertebrates: Analysis from Microfossil Evidence
    Recent Advances in the Origin and Early Radiation of Vertebrates G. Arratia, M. V. H. Wilson & R. Cloutier (eds.): pp. 67-94, 7 figs., 2 tabs. © 2004 by Verlag Dr. Friedrich Pfeil, München, Germany – ISBN 3-89937-052-X Early vertebrates: analysis from microfossil evidence Susan TURNER Abstract Vertebrate microfossils provide data for potential origination, range and distribution of taxa, for phylogeny of organisms and for assessing response of taxa to events. Isolated vertebrate microremains (microvertebrates, ichthyoliths), such as thelodont and “shark” scales and “shark” teeth can and do provide evidence about the functional morphology and relationships of higher taxa such as the Thelodonti and Chondrichthyes. Vertebrate microfossils can also provide evidence for at least the earliest occurrences of various morphological features characteristic of taxa. Specialized sensory scales related to free neuromasts are identified from a loganellidid thelodont from the Lower Silurian of Devon Island, Nunavut, Canada. New material of early “shark” remains, scales and teeth from the Devonian of Australia and Canada, including the Early Devonian (Emsian) taxon, Emsolepis hanspeteri n. gen. et sp., from the Receptaculites and Jesse limestones of NSW and Doliodus problematicus (WOODWARD), from the Campbellton Formation of northern New Brunswick, add insights into the earliest stages of chondrichthyans. Doliodus, most recently regarded as a member of the Omalodontida, exhibits the earliest fossil record of the chondrichthyan teeth in situ. Introduction Five hundred million years ago fish-like vertebrates radiated through marine then freshwater environments giving rise to higher vertebrates including humans. During the next 300 My fishes diversified into several major groups, which classically have been regarded as Agnatha (including Pteraspidomorphi, Cephalaspido- morphi, Thelodonti), Chondrichthyes (including Mongolepidida, Elasmobranchii, Holocephali), Placoder- mi, Acanthodii, and Osteichthyes (Actinopterygii, Sarcopterygii including Dipnoi and Actinistia).
    [Show full text]
  • Asia–Gondwana Connections Indicated by Devonian Fishes from Australia: Palaeogeographic Considerations Gavin Charles Young1,2* and Jing Lu1,3,4
    Young and Lu Journal of Palaeogeography (2020) 9:8 https://doi.org/10.1186/s42501-020-00057-x Journal of Palaeogeography REVIEW Open Access Asia–Gondwana connections indicated by Devonian fishes from Australia: palaeogeographic considerations Gavin Charles Young1,2* and Jing Lu1,3,4 Abstract Middle Palaeozoic vertebrate fossil occurrences are summarised for Australia, with reference to faunal connections between Asia and East Gondwana, as first indicated by fish distributions of Lower Devonian fossil sites. Major endemic groups discussed are pituriaspid (Australian) and galeaspid (Asian) agnathans, wuttagoonaspids (Australian) and antarctaspid (Antarctic, Australian, Asian) arthrodires, yunnanolepid and sinolepid antiarchs (South China, Indochina terrane, Australia), and early tetrapodomorphs (South China, Australia). More widespread groups that lived in shallow marine environments (lungfishes, buchanosteid arthrodires, antiarch Bothriolepis) also show species groups shared between South China and East Gondwana. Exchange of continental facies fishes (e.g. tristichopterid tetrapodomorphs) may have been interrupted by marine transgression in the Frasnian, but were restored in the late Famennian with the appearance of Grenfellaspis in eastern Australia, the only sinolepid antiarch known from outside Asia. The hypothesis of Gondwana dispersion and Asian accretion, to explain the collage of geological terranes forming modern east and southeast Asia, implies increasing dissimilarity with increasing age, but the Siluro- Devonian early vertebrate
    [Show full text]