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Was the Triassic-Jurassic extinction event a catalyst for tetrapod evolution? Findings from South Africa's Karoo Basin Pia A. Viglietti, Roger Benson, Blair W. McPhee, Kathleen Dollman, Jonah Choiniere

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Extinction Event

Sciscio and Bordy, 2016 2018 © II Joint Congress on Evolutionary Biology 2018. All rights reserved - Any reproduction even in part is prohibited. 2018 © 48th European Contact Lens Society Of Ophthalmologists. All rights reserved - Any reproduction even in part is prohibited] .

Dracovenator

Syntarsus

Heterodontosaurus

Megazostrodon

Tritylodon

Massospondylus

Artist: Maggie Newman 2018 © II Joint Congress on Evolutionary Biology 2018. All rights reserved - Any reproduction even in part is prohibited. Protosuchus 2018 © 48th European Contact Lens Society Of Ophthalmologists. All rights reserved - Any reproduction even in part is prohibited] .

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• Dinosaurian evolution promoted by effects of TJB crisis?

• More diverse taxa appear.

• Other changes between LEF and UEF include morphological disparity metrics and increase in body size maxima in sauropodomorph dinosaurs.2018 © II Joint Congress on Evolutionary Biology 2018. All rights reserved - Any reproduction even in part is prohibited.

• More diverse taxa in UEF

McPhee et al 2018

Artist: Viktor Radermacher (@Viktorsaurus91) 2018 © II Joint Congress on Evolutionary Biology 2018. All rights reserved - Any reproduction even in part is prohibited. 2018 © 48th European Contact Lens Society Of Ophthalmologists. All rights reserved - Any reproduction even in part is prohibited] .

Diictodon 2018 © II Joint Congress on Evolutionary Biology 2018. All rights reserved - Any reproduction even in part is prohibited. 2018 © 48th European Contact Lens Society Of Ophthalmologists. All rights reserved - Any reproduction even in part is prohibited] .

• Our findings support a single TJB extinction interval in southern Africa, and illuminate some interesting consequences of the extinction event in the Karoo Basin:

• Dinosauria appear to thrive whereas other groups (e.g. Crurotarsi, non-cynodont therapsida) disappear, corroborating hypotheses from northern hemisphere.

• Rapid increases in body size maxima and morphological disparity metrics in sauropodomorphs after the TJB suggest changes in community structure constraints and niche occupation.

• Archosaurian2018 © II Joint andCongress onmammaliaform Evolutionary Biology 2018. All rights reserved diversification - Any reproduction even in part is prohibited.also occurs immediately after the hypothesised extinction interval.

•“Disaster taxon” and dominance of Massospondylus associated with the extinction event?

• Palaeontological Scientific Trust • Centre for Excellence in Palaeoscience

2018 © II Joint Congress• University on Evolutionary of Biology the 2018. Witwatersrand All rights reserved - Any reproduction (ESI, even Palaeosciences) in part is prohibited. • Society for the Study of Evolution

@Piazoic

@ESI_FossilLab 2018 © II Joint Congress on Evolutionary Biology 2018. All rights reserved - Any reproduction even in part is prohibited. 2018 © 48th European Contact Lens Society Of Ophthalmologists. All rights reserved - Any reproduction even in part is prohibited] .