PH 198.002 DeCal: Introduction to Spring 2019 Syllabus 1 Unit

Section Day/Time/Location: Thursday 6:00-7:00PM, location VLSB 2070 ​

Main Course Email: [email protected] ​ ​

Facilitator Contact Information Daniel Han - [email protected] ​ Kathryn Li - [email protected] ​ ​ John Chhoa - [email protected] ​

Faculty Sponsor: Dr. Amani M. Allen, PhD, MPH - [email protected] ​

DeCal Information & Objectives Course Description and Objectives According to the CDC, more than 600,000 people in the United States die each year from heart-related diseases, making it the leading cause of death for both men and women. Cardiovascular disease is a result of the gradual buildup of plaque or fatty material within the arterial walls leading to heart attacks. However, most cardiovascular diseases are preventable by addressing risk factors such as poor and unhealthy diets, smoking, environmental hazards, and limited physical activity. The heart is one of the most vital organs required for human life and has very complex structures and mechanisms that enable blood circulation throughout the body. This DeCal aims to introduce interested students from all backgrounds the fundamentals of the heart. In particular, we will cover its respective anatomy and physiology, learn related diseases and their impacts in public health, and explore exciting on-going research fields. This weekly DeCal is 1 hour long and counts as 1 unit P/NP.

Teaching approaches/activities This course will be taught by all three student facilitators in an interactive style. Lectures, discussions, videos and activities will be used to reinforce course content. Typical classes will consist of a bi-weekly quiz and a final project. The final project will be divided into four pieces: topic proposal, annotated bibliography, written summary and a final presentation. These four pieces serve as checkpoints to ensure that the students are on track for their final project. The presentations will be conducted in the last section of class.

DeCal Policies & Requirements Expectations Students are expected to come to every section on time and prepared for the bi-weekly quizzes. Students will should turn in their homework assignment via bCourses prior to coming to class. Any late assignments will be deducted 50% of the final assignment grade. Prerequisites This course has no prerequisites. Students of all backgrounds and all majors interested in learning more about the heart, its physiology and anatomical structures, and relevant diseases are encouraged to take this course.

Course Evaluations Students will answer a short course evaluation in the middle and end of the semester, which will be in the form of written feedback about how facilitators can improve the course.

Readings There will be weekly readings that are used as a supplement to the material covered in course. Additional readings may be announced during lecture and all readings will be posted online via bCourses in a PDF format in the Files>Readings tab. Students are encouraged to ask questions about readings during lecture, so please come prepared with your questions to lecture. Please review the reading list at the end of the syllabus.

Assignments & Grades Attendance and Late Policy Lecture attendance is MANDATORY. If you cannot make lecture, you must email [email protected] 24 hours in advance with your reason for being absent to be considered excused ​ (valid reasons may be due to medical reasons, family emergencies, etc. and must provide proper documentation -- ie. a doctor’s note). Students arriving to lecture more than 15 minutes past the hour are considered tardy. Three tardies will count as an unexcused absence. Students are allowed TWO ​ unexcused absence.

Bi-weekly quizzes Quizzes will be given every 2 weeks based on lecture material and readings from the previous week and be in the form of multiple choice and/or fill in the blank. There will be a total of 6 quizzes. There will be ​ one drop-quiz allowed.

Final Project Students will form groups of no larger than 3 people and present on topic that is related to lecture material we have covered throughout the semester. Final Project would challenge students by allowing them to research on the new scientific discoveries within the field of Cardiology by applying the concepts that students have learned throughout this course. Please include research paper titles, sources, dates, and link to your research papers.

Your final project will include 4 pieces: ● Proposal Topic (Due on 02/21) ​ ​ ○ Groups must submit a topic of their choice on bCourses ○ Students must convene with their group determine the topic of interest and find out one citation that describes their topic of interest. ○ Students are required to discuss their topic of choice with one of the facilitators. ○ Topics must be related to the field of Cardiology (i.e., structural malformations, diseases, research, etc.) ○ Provide a paragraph summary (5-6 sentence) on final project topic ● Annotated Bibliography (Due on 03/07) ​ ​ ○ Students must carefully read 4-5 citations (may include published articles, journals, and research papers) and write a one paragraph summary (5-6 sentences) per citation ● Presentation Transcript/Summary (Due on 03/21) ​ ​ ○ Must be 2-4 pages in length describing: ■ Outline of the format of Final Presentation ■ Analysis of Research Papers to the Topic of Interest ■ Description on the Epidemiology of disease(s) ■ Potential Effect of the topic of interest to the society and the field of Medicine ● Final Presentation (Present in-class on 05/02) ​ ​ ○ Have summary of all relevant research papers ○ Discuss any disease(s) and how it affects the overall public health ○ Be around 8-10 minutes long, points will be deducted if presentations are not within the recommended time limits ○ Have each individual in the group participate and speak during the presentation

Grade Breakdown ■ Attendance/Participation 35% ​ ​ ■ Topic Proposal 5% ​ ​ ■ Annotated Bibliography 10% ​ ​ ■ Presentation Transcript/Summary 10% ​ ​ ■ Final Presentation 25% ​ ​ ■ Weekly Quizzes 15% ​ ​

Course Calendar

Week Date Topic

1 1/31 Basic Course Overview & Overview of Cardiac Muscle

2 2/7 Heart Development, Structural Anatomy & Innervations

3 2/14 Blood components (Hemoglobin), Blood Vessels, Blood Flow Due: Quiz 1

4 2/21 Cardiovascular System and Other Organ Systems Due: Topic Proposal

5 2/28 Heartbeats, Cardiac Action Potential & EKG Readings Due: Quiz 2 6 3/7 Branches of Cardiology & EKG Interpretations Due: Annotated Bibliography Mid-semester Evaluations

7 3/14 Congestive , Heart Attack, Cardiac Arrest Due: Quiz 3

8 3/21 Hypertension &

9 3/28 Diagnosis Tests, Biomedical Devices, and Heart Procedures Due: Quiz 4

10 4/4 Case Study: Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease Due: Presentation Transcript/Summary

11 4/11 Case Study: Congenital Heart Disease Due: Quiz 5

12 4/18 Case Study: Heart, Infectious Diseases & Other Abnormalities Due: Quiz 6 Questions for CPPN

13 4/25 Cardiology Professional Panel Night

14 5/3 Final Group Presentation End of the Semester Course Evaluation

Reading List

Week 1: Basic Course Overview & Overview of Cardiac Muscle ​

Anderson, Robert H et al. “Cardiac anatomy revisited” Journal of anatomy vol. 205,3 (2004): 159-77. ​ ​

Chen, Q., Varga, M., Wang, X., Haddad, D.J., An, S., Medzikovic, L., Derakhshandeh, R., Kostyushev, D.S., Zhang, Y., Clifford, B.T., Luu, E., Danforth, O.M., Rafikov, R., Gong, W., Black, S.M., Suchkov, S.V., Fineman, J.R., Heiss, C., Aschbacher, K., Yeghiazarians, Y., and Springer, M.L. (2016). Overexpression of nitric oxide synthase restores circulating angiogenic cell function in patients with : Implications for autologous cell therapy for . J. Am. Heart Assoc. 5:e002257.

Weinberger F, Mannhardt I, Eschenhagen T. Engineering cardiac muscle tissue: a maturating field of research. Circ. Res. 2017;120:1487–1500. doi: 10.1161/CIRCRESAHA.117.310738.

Week 2: Hemoglobin, Blood Vessels, Blood Flow ​

Estes, E. H., et al. “The Anatomy and Blood Supply of the Papillary Muscles of the Left Ventricle.” American Heart Journal, vol. 71, no. 3, Mar. 1966, pp. 356–62. ​

Richard L., Drake, A. Wayne Vogl, Adam W. M. Mitchell, Richard M. Tibbitts and Paul E. Richardson. "Thorax." Grays Atlas of Anatomy 2nd Edition. 2. Philadelphia: Churchill Livingstone Elsevier, 2015. ​ ​ 101-109.

Week 3: Mechanisms & EKG Readings ​

Baun, Mara M., et al. “Physiological Effects of Human/Companion Animal Bonding.” Nursing Research, ​ ​ vol. 33, no. 3, 1984, doi:10.1097/00006199-198405000-00002.

Week 4: Branches of Cardiology: Electrophysiology, Cardiogeriatrics, Echocardiography ​

Li, Danshi, et al. “Effects of Experimental Heart Failure on Atrial Cellular and Ionic Electrophysiology.” Circulation, vol. 101, no. 22, June 2000, pp. 2631–38. circ.ahajournals.org, ​ ​ ​ doi:10.1161/01.CIR.101.22.2631.

Nguyen, Kim-Lien, et al. “The Crossroads of Geriatric Cardiology and Cardio-Oncology.” Current ​ Reports, vol. 4, no. 4, 2015, p. 327. www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov, doi:10.1007/s13670-015-0147-4. ​ ​ ​

Marsan, Nina Ajmone, et al. “Real Time Three Dimensional Echocardiography Permits Quantification of - - Left Ventricular Mechanical Dyssynchrony and Predicts Acute Response to Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy.” Journal of Cardiovascular Electrophysiology, vol. 19, no. 4, Apr. 2008, pp. 392–99. ​ ​ onlinelibrary.wiley.com, doi:10.1111/j.1540-8167.2007.01056.x. ​

Week 5: Stroke, Congestive Heart Failure, Heart Attack, Cardiac Arrest ​

CDC, NCHS. Underlying Cause of Death 1999-2013 on CDC WONDER Online Database, released 2015. Data are from the Multiple Cause of Death Files, 1999-2013, as compiled from data provided by the 57 vital statistics jurisdictions through the Vital Statistics Cooperative Program.

O'Connor, Anahad. "Heart Health Guide - Well Guides - The New York Times." The New York Times - ​ Breaking News, World News & Multimedia. The New York Times, Web. ​ . ​

Week 6: Case Study: Atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease ​

Aviram, M., Furhman B. 1998. “LDL oxidation by arterial wall macrophages depends on the oxidative status in the lipoprotein and in the cells: roll of pro-oxidants vs. antioxidants.” Molecular Cell Biochemistry. 188(1-2): 149-59.

National Institutes of Health. 2016. “Who is at Risk for ?” National Heart Lung and Blood Institute. U.S. Department of Health and Human Services., 22 June 2016.

Al-Mamari, A. “Atherosclerosis and Physical Activity.” Oman Medical Journal 24(3) (2009): 173-178. PMC.

Barquera, S., Pedroza-Tobias, A. Medina, C., Hernandez-Barrera, L., Bibbins-Domingo, K., Lozano, R., Moran A. 2015. “Global Overview of the Epidemiology of Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease.” Archives of Medical Research 46(5) (2015): 328-38.

Week 7: Hypertension, Arrhythmia, Congenital Heart Defects ​

Rabinovitch, M., et al. “Pulmonary Artery Endothelial Abnormalities in Patients with Congenital Heart Defects and Pulmonary Hypertension. A Correlation of Light with Scanning Electron Microscopy and Transmission Electron Microscopy.” Laboratory Investigation; a Journal of Technical Methods and ​ Pathology, vol. 55, no. 6, Dec. 1986, pp. 632–53. ​

Welch, Ashley. “Woman diagnosed with "broken-Heart syndrome" after dog dies.” CBS News, CBS ​ ​ Interactive, 23 Oct. 2017, www.cbsnews.com/news/woman-diagnosed-with-broken-heart-syndrome-after-dog-dies/. ​

Week 8: Diagnostic Tests, Biomedical Devices & Heart Procedures ​

Mancini, Donna M., et al. “Low Incidence of Myocardial Recovery After Left Ventricular Assist Device Implantation in Patients With Chronic Heart Failure.” Circulation, vol. 98, no. 22, Dec. 1998, pp. ​ ​ 2383–89. circ.ahajournals.org, doi:10.1161/01.CIR.98.22.2383. ​ ​

Oz, Mehmet C., et al. “Screening Scale Predicts Patients Successfully Receiving Long-Term Implantable Left Ventricular Assist Devices.” Circulation, vol. 92, no. 9, Nov. 1995, pp. 169–73. ​ ​ circ.ahajournals.org, doi:10.1161/01.CIR.92.9.169. ​

Pfammatter, Jean-Pierre, et al. “Early Postoperative after Open-Heart Procedures in Children with Congenital Heart Disease.” Pediatric Critical Care Medicine: A Journal of the Society of Critical ​ Care Medicine and the World Federation of Pediatric Intensive and Critical Care Societies, vol. 2, no. 3, ​ July 2001, pp. 217–22.

Wolf, P. A., et al. “ as an Independent Risk Factor for Stroke: The Framingham Study.” Stroke, vol. 22, no. 8, Aug. 1991, pp. 983–88. stroke.ahajournals.org, doi:10.1161/01.STR.22.8.983. ​ ​ ​

Week 9: Case Study: Atrial Fibrillation ​

Cox, J. L., et al. “The Surgical Treatment of Atrial Fibrillation. III. Development of a Definitive Surgical Procedure.” The Journal of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, vol. 101, no. 4, Apr. 1991, pp. 569–83. ​ ​

Wolf, P. A., et al. “Atrial Fibrillation as an Independent Risk Factor for Stroke: The Framingham Study.” Stroke, vol. 22, no. 8, Aug. 1991, pp. 983–88. stroke.ahajournals.org, doi:10.1161/01.STR.22.8.983. ​ ​ ​