Atomic Heritage Foundation A nonprofit corporation dedicated to preserving the history of the Manhattan Project and the Atomic Age Annual Report July 2003-July 2004 DuPont’s Crawford Greenewalt is featured in AHF’s documentary, “Hanford: Secret Mission Accomplished (1942-1945)” The house where J. Robert Oppenheimer lived was dedicated as part of the “Oppenheimer & The Manhattan Project” events. 910 17th St, NW, Suite 408, Washington, DC 20004 * Phone: 202-293-0045 fax: 202-293-0699 * email: [email protected] * www.atomicheritage.org Atomic Heritage Foundation Table of Contents Board Members.…………………………………………….………………………………………….……..2 Letter from the President………………………………………………………………………….….……3 Advisory Committee...……………………………………………………………………………………..3-4 Our Mission: Preserving the Manhattan Project & Probing its Legacy………………………5 Report to the Department of Energy…………………………………………………………………… 6 Congressional Grant Award………………………………………………………………………………7 List of Contributors………………………………………………………………………………………… 7 The Foundation’s Major Projects………………………..…………………………………………… 8-9 Featured Projects…………………………………………………………………………………….…10-12 “Celebrating A Genius”……………………………………………………………………………………12 (article courtesy of Albuquerque Journal North) Board Members of the Atomic Heritage Foundation Richard Rhodes ogy, 1988-1989, as well as numerous He has a bachelor’s degree in indus- Richard Rhodes is the Pulitzer-prize other positions. He has a cum laude trial economics from Purdue Uni- winning author of The Making of bachelor’s degree from Yale Univer- versity. the Atomic Bomb and The Dark Sun sity in history. as well as twenty-two other books. Cynthia C. Kelly He has written extensively about John D. Wagoner Cynthia C. Kelly is the founder and nuclear issues and lectured widely John D. Wagoner served as Man- President of the Atomic Heritage in the United States and abroad. In ager of the Department of Energy’s Foundation. Before creating the addition, he has served as Advisor, Richland Operations Office Foundation, she served over twenty Alfred P. Sloan Foundation, since (Hanford) for nearly ten years, and years as a senior executive with the 1990, Fellow, Program on Peace and is currently Vice President for Nu- Department of Energy and Environ- International Cooperation, MacAr- clear Programs, Archimedes Tech- mental Protection Agency and re- thur Foundation, 1990-1991, Visit- nology Group in San Diego. Trained ceived the Distinguished Career Ser- ing Scholar, History of Science De- as a nuclear engineer, John Wag- vice Award. A history major at partment, Harvard University, oner served in the Naval Reactors Wellesley College, Ms. Kelly earned a 1989-1990, Visiting Fellow, Defense Division of the US Navy before join- Masters degree from Yale University and Arms Control Studies Program, ing the Atomic Energy Commission and taught history before her career Massachusetts Institute of Technol- and then the Department of Energy. with the Federal government. Page 2 Annual Report Letter from the President Cynthia C. Kelly, President of the Atomic Heritage Foundation Investing $2 billion to build an bomb was successfully designed, atomic bomb in the midst of World built and delivered. The govern- War II was a serious gamble. While ment’s $2 billion gamble paid off, physicists understood that enor- bringing an end to World War II mous energy was released when an and establishing the United States atom was split, harnessing that en- as a Superpower. ergy was an immensely complex Preserving some of the tangible challenge. The odds of accomplish- public experience the enormity and properties of the Manhattan Project ing this feat before the end of the path-breaking nature of the effort continues to face long odds. Across war were slim. and come to terms with its resound- the nation, most of the remaining When General Groves decided to ing impact on our lives. properties from the Manhattan Pro- choose Oppenheimer to lead the pro- The odds against preservation ject are slated to be demolished as ject, most who knew Oppenheimer may be long, but this is too impor- part of the environmental cleanup of were skeptical of this choice, noting tant a chapter of history to abandon. the nuclear weapons complex. his lack of management experience The Atomic Heritage Foundation is To understand world politics, and theoretical rather than practi- forging partnerships to preserve the economics and society today, we Manhattan Project history and help cal bent. However, Oppenheimer must understand the history of the quickly proved himself to be a su- people better understand the world atomic bomb and its legacy. Having perb manager and intuitive prob- we live in. We hope that you will some of the tangible remains of the lem-solver. join us in this endeavor. Manhattan Project will help the In just 27 months, the atomic The Advisory Committee for the Atomic Heritage Foundation 2003-2004 of Sir James Chadwick, discoverer the American Science and Energy of the neutron and head of the Brit- Museum Foundation, Oak Ridge, Bruce Babbitt, former ish Mission in World War II. TN, most recently served as Execu- Secretary of the U.S. Department of tive Vice President and COO of the Interior (1993-2001), Governor of Jennet Conant, author of Tux- Oak Ridge Associated Universities, Arizona (1978-1987), and Attorney edo Park and a forthcoming book on Oak Ridge, TN (1990-2001). General in Phoenix, AZ (1975-1978). the Manhattan Project as well as profiles for Vanity Fair, Esquire, Robert L. Ferguson, Chair- U.S. Senator Jeff Binga- GQ, Newsweek and The New York man and CEO of Nuvotec, Inc. Pre- man, New Mexico (4th term, De- Times. viously CEO of the Washington mocrat). Chairman of the Energy Public Power Supply System, B Re- and Natural Resources Committee. U.S. Senator Pete actor supervisor with General Elec- Domenici, New Mexico (6th term, tric, and Deputy Assistant Secre- Andrew Brown, physician and Republican). Ranking Member of tary—Nuclear and Director of the science journalist, author of The the Budget Committee. FFTF Project Office with the De- Neutron and the Bomb, a biography James E. Drewry, President of partment of Energy. Page 3 Atomic Heritage Foundation Robert W. Galvin, founder and Manhattan Project Veterans Chairman Emeritus of Motorola, Honorable James R. Inc. Schlesinger, former Chairman Benjamin Bederson, Profes- of the Atomic Energy Commission sor of Physics Emeritus at New Stephane Groueff, Bulgarian- (1971-1973), Secretary of the De- York University and Editor-in-Chief born journalist and author of The partment of Energy (1977-1979) and Emeritus, American Physics Soci- Manhattan Project: The Untold Secretary of Defense (1972-1975). ety. Story of the Making of the Atomic Bomb (1967) and Crown of Thorns David J. Simon, Director, New Isabella Karle, PhD in physical (1998). Mexico State Parks Division, New chemistry, worked at the Metallur- Mexico, and formerly with the Na- gical Laboratory at the University of Gregg Herken, historian and tional Parks Conservation Associa- Chicago during the Manhattan Pro- the Curator of Military and Space tion (1985-2001). ject. Currently, Senior Scientist at History at the Smithsonian and au- Naval Research Laboratory, Wash- thor of four books on nuclear history Eugene B. Skolnikoff, Pro- ington, D.C. National Medal of Sci- including Brotherhood of the Bomb: fessor of Political Science Emeritus ence. The Tangled Lives and Loyalties of at the Massachusetts Institute of Robert Oppenheimer, Ernest Law- Technology and long-time student of Jerome Karle, PhD in physics, rence, and Edward Teller (2002). science and government issues, in- worked at the Metallurgical Labora- cluding service on the White House tory at the University of Chicago William J. Madia, currently staff of the Science Adviser to the during the Manhattan Project. No- Executive Vice President, Battelle President in the Eisenhower, Ken- bel laureate, Dr. Karle is Chief Sci- Memorial Institute, former Director nedy and Carter administrations. entist for the Structure of Matter at of Oak Ridge National Laboratory the Naval Research Laboratory, and President and CEO of UT- Michael L. Telson, former Washington, D.C. Battelle, LLC. CFO of the Department of Energy (1997-2001) and Special Assistant to Theodore Rockwell, PhD in Robert S. Norris, research as- the Deputy Secretary of the Depart- physics. Worked at Oak Ridge, TN. sistant with the Natural Resources ment of Energy (1995-1997); previ- Later worked on the first nuclear Defense Council and author of Rac- ously worked for the Committee on submarines and power plants. ing for the Bomb: General Leslie R. the Budget of the U.S. House of Founder of MPR Associates, Inc., an Groves, the Manhattan Project’s In- Representatives and currently with engineering firm. dispensable Man (2002). the University of California. Maurice Shapiro, PhD in phys- A. R. Oppenheimer, nuclear Arnold Thackray, president of ics, visiting professor at U of Mary- weapons expert and consultant on the Chemical Heritage Foundation, land and director of International weapons of mass destruction for which is dedicated to the history of School of Cosmic Ray Astrophysics. governments and institutes in Brit- chemistry through its museum, Worked at Los Alamos during the ain, where he is based, and the traveling exhibits, educational ma- Manhattan Project. United States. terials, books and newsmagazine, grants; oral histories; and public Ernest B. Tremmel, B.S. in Jerry L. Rogers, former Na- events. civil engineering, worked on the tional Park Service Associate Direc-