Supplemental Material Journal of Hydrometerology Validation of GPM IMERG V05 and V06 Precipitation Products over https://doi.org/10.1175/JHM-D-19-0269.1

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Supplemental Material

Journal of Hydrometeorology

Validation of GPM IMERG-V05 and V06 precipitation products over Iran

Seyed-Mohammad Hosseini-Moghari

Key Laboratory of Water Cycle and Related Land Surface Processes, Institute of Geographic Sciences

and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China.

Qiuhong Tang*

Key Laboratory of Water Cycle and Related Land Surface Processes, Institute of Geographic Sciences

and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China.

University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.

∗Corresponding author address:

1- Key Laboratory of Water Cycle and Related Land Surface Processes, Institute of Geographic

Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China.

2- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.

E-mail: [email protected]

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Table s1. Characteristics of the studied stations over Iran. No. Station name Station Latitude Longitude Elevation Mean annual Percentage Climate at each code (m.a.s.l) precipitation of missing station according to between 2014.06.01 data De Martonne and 2018.05.31 classification (mm) 1 Parsabad 40700 39.60 47.78 72.6 287.88 0.00 Semi-arid 2 Maku 40701 39.38 44.39 1411.2 327.00 0.40 Semi-arid 3 Khoy 40703 38.56 45.00 1103.4 322.78 0.34 Semi-arid 4 Ahar 40704 38.43 47.07 1391 306.28 0.00 Semi-arid 5 Tabriz 40706 38.12 46.24 1361 301.13 0.00 Semi-arid 6 Ardebil 40708 38.22 48.33 1335.2 265.38 0.07 Semi-arid 7 Sarab 40710 37.93 47.53 1682 209.92 0.13 Semi-arid 8 Uromiyeh 40712 37.66 45.06 1328 293.55 0.34 Semi-arid 9 Maragheh 40713 37.35 46.15 1344 268.95 0.00 Semi-arid 10 Mianeh 40716 37.45 47.70 1110 257.13 0.13 Semi-arid 11 Anzali 40718 37.48 49.46 -23.6 1756.53 0.27 Per-humid B 12 Rasht 40719 37.32 49.62 -8.6 1248.34 0.00 Per-humid A 13 Maravehtappeh 40721 37.80 55.94 460 322.15 0.00 Semi-arid 14 Bojnurd 40723 37.49 57.30 1065 220.73 0.07 Semi-arid 15 Mahabad 40726 36.75 45.72 1351.8 362.72 0.40 Semi-arid 16 Saqez 40727 36.22 46.31 1522.8 456.18 0.60 Semi-arid 17 Zanjan 40729 36.66 48.52 1659.4 256.15 0.00 Semi-arid 18 Qazvin 40731 36.32 50.02 1279.1 286.53 0.00 Semi-arid 19 Ramsar 40732 36.90 50.68 -20 1492.42 0.00 Per-humid A 20 Nowshahr 40734 36.66 51.47 -20.9 1381.90 0.00 Per-humid A 21 Babolsar 40736 36.72 52.65 -21 790.94 0.00 Humid 22 Gharakhil 40737 36.45 52.77 14.7 629.92 0.00 Sub humid 23 Gorgan 40738 36.91 54.41 0 427.39 1.48 Semi-arid 24 Shahrud 40739 36.38 54.93 1325.2 131.86 0.20 Arid 25 Quchan 40740 37.12 58.45 1287 314.55 0.00 Semi-arid 26 sarakhs 40741 36.54 61.15 278 202.01 0.13 Arid 27 Sabzevar 40743 36.21 57.65 962 139.55 0.00 Arid 28 Mashahd 40745 36.24 59.63 999.2 231.05 0.00 Semi-arid 29 Sanandaj 40747 35.25 47.01 1373.4 373.63 0.13 Mediterranean 30 Tehran (Mehrabad Airport) 40754 35.69 51.31 1191 183.04 0.67 Semi-arid 31 Semnan 40757 35.59 53.42 1127 106.48 0.13 Arid 32 Torbat-E Heydariyeh 40762 35.33 59.21 1451 206.51 0.00 Semi-arid 33 Kashmar 40763 35.27 58.47 1109.7 149.19 0.20 Semi-arid 34 Kermanshah 40766 34.35 47.15 1318.5 430.72 0.13 Semi-arid 35 Hamedan (Airport) 40768 34.87 48.53 1740.8 265.32 0.13 Semi-arid 36 Arak 40769 34.07 49.78 1702.8 280.84 0.20 Semi-arid 37 Ilam 40780 33.59 46.40 1337 599.27 0.20 Sub humid 38 Khorramabad 40782 33.44 48.28 1147.8 486.11 0.00 Semi-arid 39 Aligudarz 40783 33.41 49.70 2022.1 371.04 0.00 Mediterranean 40 Kashan 40785 33.97 51.48 955 91.26 0.00 Extra arid 41 Khur-Va-Biabanak 40789 33.77 55.08 842.2 48.11 0.07 Extra arid 42 Tabas 40791 33.60 56.95 711 60.62 0.54 Extra arid 43 Ferdows 40792 34.03 58.18 1293 104.39 0.27 Arid 44 Safiabad() 40794 32.25 48.43 82.9 222.63 0.07 Semi-arid 45 Shahrekord 40798 32.29 50.84 2048.9 270.84 0.07 Semi-arid 46 Esfahan 40800 32.52 51.71 1550.4 87.68 0.07 Arid 47 Birjand 40809 32.89 59.28 1491 106.33 0.07 Arid 48 40811 31.34 48.74 22.5 155.75 0.13 Arid 49 Masjedsoleyman 40812 31.98 49.24 320.5 324.96 0.00 Semi-arid 50 Abadeh 40818 31.20 52.62 2030 102.09 0.00 Arid 51 Yazd 40821 31.90 54.29 1230.2 36.57 0.00 Extra arid 52 Nehbandan 40827 31.54 60.03 1188 78.81 0.20 Arid 53 Zabol 40829 31.09 61.54 489.2 34.82 0.00 Extra arid 54 Abadan 40831 30.38 48.21 6.6 112.61 1.48 Extra arid 55 Omidiyeh () 40833 30.74 49.69 27 198.97 0.00 Arid 56 Dogonbadan 40835 30.35 50.82 726 277.71 0.54 Semi-arid 57 Yasuj 40836 30.70 51.56 1816.3 532.37 0.40 Humid 58 Kerman 40841 30.26 56.96 1754 88.51 0.27 Extra arid 59 Shiraz 40848 29.56 52.60 1488 238.69 0.13 Semi-arid

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60 Sirjan 40851 29.47 55.68 1739.4 132.50 0.60 Extra arid 61 Baft 40853 29.23 56.58 2280 238.13 0.74 Semi-arid 62 Bam 40854 29.10 58.35 1066.9 60.10 0.34 Extra arid 63 Zahedan 40856 29.47 60.90 1370 60.17 0.07 Extra arid 64 Bushehr (Airport) 40858 28.96 50.82 9 162.96 0.13 Arid 65 Fasa 40859 28.90 53.72 1268 266.00 0.07 Semi-arid 66 Bandar-E-Dayyer 40872 27.83 51.93 4 226.70 0.40 Arid 67 Bandarabbas 40875 27.21 56.37 9.8 123.33 0.13 Extra arid 68 Kahnuj 40877 27.99 57.71 499 111.43 0.54 Arid 69 Saravan 40878 27.39 62.32 1182 56.08 0.27 Extra arid 70 Iranshahr 40879 27.23 60.72 591.1 65.07 0.00 Extra arid 71 Kish Island 40882 26.52 53.98 30 122.85 0.20 Extra arid 72 Bandar-E-Lengeh 40883 26.53 54.83 22.7 98.52 0.54 Extra arid 73 Siri Island 40889 25.90 54.55 4.4 78.19 1.81 Extra arid 74 Abumusa Island 40890 25.87 55.01 6.6 64.43 0.34 Extra arid 75 Jask 40893 25.64 57.77 5.2 66.61 0.34 Extra arid 76 Chahbahar 40898 25.28 60.65 8 46.96 0.13 Extra arid

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Table s2. Characteristics of the linear relationship between assessment metrics and elevations for the IPPs on a daily scale.* Metrics Linear regression properties V05E V05L V05F V06E V06L V06F KGE Slop 0.35 0.35 0.13 0.50 0.51 0.16 intercept -0.12 -0.06 0.37 -0.36 -0.38 0.32 CC 0.38 0.38 0.27 0.42 0.40 0.28 P value 0.001 0.001 0.017 0.000 0.000 0.014 CC Slop 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.02 0.01 0.02 intercept 0.60 0.62 0.72 0.59 0.60 0.70 CC 0.22 0.23 0.26 0.13 0.07 0.18 P value 0.057 0.048 0.024 0.275 0.526 0.115 RBias Slop -25.45 -26.92 -5.12 -41.48 -43.44 -9.57 intercept 81.36 75.77 38.14 107.82 109.53 42.41 CC -0.23 -0.24 -0.09 -0.30 -0.30 -0.14 P value 0.042 0.034 0.452 0.008 0.009 0.232 RMSE Slop -1.18 -1.22 -0.96 -1.56 -1.57 -1.05 intercept 3.77 3.64 2.81 4.22 4.31 2.95 CC -0.46 -0.47 -0.39 -0.57 -0.57 -0.42 P value 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 SE Slop -6.68 -6.09 -5.02 -7.92 -8.73 -4.75 intercept 18.81 18.74 18.05 16.97 17.03 17.77 CC -0.31 -0.28 -0.27 -0.40 -0.44 -0.26 P value 0.006 0.014 0.020 0.000 0.000 0.023 RE Slop 6.68 6.09 5.02 7.92 8.73 4.75 intercept 81.19 81.26 81.95 83.03 82.97 82.23 CC 0.31 0.28 0.27 0.40 0.44 0.26 P value 0.006 0.014 0.020 0.000 0.000 0.023 POD Slop -0.03 -0.02 -0.01 -0.03 -0.02 -0.01 intercept 0.41 0.36 0.32 0.43 0.39 0.34 CC -0.25 -0.17 -0.11 -0.25 -0.16 -0.12 P value 0.027 0.139 0.327 0.032 0.161 0.290 FAR Slop -0.03 -0.02 -0.01 -0.03 -0.02 -0.01 intercept 0.41 0.36 0.32 0.43 0.39 0.34 CC -0.25 -0.17 -0.11 -0.25 -0.16 -0.12 P value 0.027 0.139 0.327 0.032 0.161 0.290 CSI Slop 0.0083 -0.001 -0.010 0.010 0.001 -0.011 intercept 0.413 0.440 0.471 0.401 0.414 0.452 CC 0.118 -0.015 -0.126 0.134 0.007 -0.137 P value 0.311 0.899 0.279 0.247 0.949 0.237 HSS Slop 0.0098 0.000 -0.007 0.012 0.000 -0.010 intercept 0.517 0.548 0.582 0.502 0.518 0.561 CC 0.107 0.000 -0.078 0.121 0.003 -0.098 P value 0.359 0.998 0.506 0.297 0.977 0.399 * Note: Before fitting the linear regression model, the elevation values were normalized. Bold values indicate the significance of correlation at a confidence level of 99%.

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Table s3. Calculated assessment metrics for the IPPs in different climatic zones on a daily scale. Climatic zone Metrics V05E V05L V05F V06E V06L V06F Extra arid KGE -0.95 -0.89 0.14 -1.48 -1.56 0.01 CC 0.61 0.62 0.71 0.61 0.63 0.68 RBias (%) 190 184 78 244 252 93 RMSE (mm) 3.40 3.44 1.82 3.90 4.17 2.31 SE (%) 5 6 1 9 12 2 RE (%) 95 94 99 91 88 98 POD 0.66 0.68 0.64 0.67 0.67 0.63 FAR 0.55 0.51 0.42 0.57 0.55 0.42 CSI 0.37 0.40 0.44 0.35 0.37 0.43 HSS 0.51 0.54 0.59 0.49 0.51 0.58 Arid KGE -0.06 0.01 0.46 -0.48 -0.49 0.46 CC 0.59 0.62 0.72 0.62 0.63 0.72 RBias (%) 94 88 37 142 144 40 RMSE (mm) 3.05 2.93 1.92 4.41 4.51 2.03 SE (%) 3 3 17 5 6 8 RE (%) 97 97 83 95 94 92 POD 0.62 0.63 0.61 0.61 0.61 0.58 FAR 0.46 0.39 0.32 0.49 0.45 0.35 CSI 0.41 0.45 0.47 0.39 0.41 0.44 HSS 0.53 0.58 0.61 0.51 0.54 0.58 Semi-arid KGE 0.50 0.56 0.62 0.41 0.42 0.61 CC 0.62 0.64 0.73 0.60 0.61 0.71 RBias (%) 32 26 24 44 43 25 RMSE (mm) 3.53 3.30 2.67 3.99 4.04 2.78 SE (%) 4 5 6 2 1 6 RE (%) 96 95 94 98 99 94 POD 0.56 0.56 0.59 0.57 0.56 0.58 FAR 0.36 0.32 0.30 0.38 0.37 0.33 CSI 0.43 0.44 0.47 0.42 0.42 0.45 HSS 0.52 0.54 0.57 0.51 0.51 0.55 Mediterranean KGE 0.36 0.49 0.68 0.34 0.35 0.66 CC 0.73 0.72 0.81 0.74 0.74 0.80 RBias (%) 58 42 22 60 59 22 RMSE (mm) 4.37 4.20 2.59 4.00 4.18 2.60 SE (%) 3 1 6 3 3 9 RE (%) 97 99 94 97 97 91 POD 0.69 0.69 0.70 0.69 0.68 0.68 FAR 0.35 0.31 0.27 0.37 0.37 0.31 CSI 0.51 0.53 0.56 0.49 0.49 0.52 HSS 0.60 0.63 0.66 0.58 0.58 0.62 Sub humid KGE 0.65 0.66 0.66 0.62 0.60 0.68 CC 0.69 0.68 0.71 0.63 0.61 0.70 RBias (%) -15 -13 -16 3 9 -12 RMSE (mm) 5.13 5.24 4.93 6.02 6.65 5.02 SE (%) 31 25 34 17 8 31 RE (%) 69 75 66 83 92 69 POD 0.47 0.49 0.51 0.51 0.51 0.52 FAR 0.40 0.36 0.34 0.43 0.42 0.37 CSI 0.36 0.38 0.40 0.37 0.37 0.39 HSS 0.41 0.45 0.47 0.42 0.42 0.46 Humid KGE 0.53 0.50 0.57 0.54 0.49 0.60 CC 0.62 0.62 0.67 0.58 0.55 0.68 RBias (%) -27 -31 -27 -17 -21 -23 RMSE (mm) 5.41 5.38 5.09 5.91 6.08 5.03 SE (%) 44 48 42 30 32 41 RE (%) 56 52 58 70 68 59 POD 0.51 0.51 0.55 0.53 0.52 0.59 FAR 0.33 0.28 0.24 0.35 0.30 0.25 CSI 0.41 0.43 0.47 0.41 0.43 0.50 HSS 0.49 0.52 0.57 0.49 0.51 0.59 Per-humid A KGE 0.07 0.08 0.30 0.09 0.10 0.27 CC 0.30 0.33 0.45 0.31 0.34 0.42

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RBias (%) -61 -62 -43 -58 -60 -42 RMSE (mm) 12.44 12.33 11.74 12.44 12.30 12.09 SE (%) 87 86 65 82 82 60 RE (%) 13 14 35 18 18 40 POD 0.43 0.42 0.46 0.41 0.39 0.44 FAR 0.34 0.28 0.28 0.33 0.29 0.30 CSI 0.35 0.36 0.39 0.34 0.34 0.37 HSS 0.36 0.38 0.41 0.34 0.36 0.39 Per-humid B KGE -0.06 -0.10 0.17 0.06 0.03 0.22 CC 0.27 0.27 0.45 0.37 0.37 0.48 RBias (%) -70 -71 -52 -66 -68 -51 RMSE (mm) 14.01 14.04 13.06 13.44 13.43 12.68 SE (%) 86 84 62 85 84 63 RE (%) 14 16 38 15 16 37 POD 0.38 0.38 0.42 0.36 0.36 0.41 FAR 0.31 0.24 0.22 0.33 0.26 0.24 CSI 0.33 0.34 0.38 0.31 0.32 0.37 HSS 0.32 0.36 0.41 0.30 0.34 0.39

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