DOCSLIB.ORG

Introduction

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Introduction Introduction Mumbai, is one of its 10 mega cities of the world and business capital of India. Mumbai proper occupies a low-lying area that once consisted of seven islands called Colaba, Mazagaon, Old Woman's Island, Wadala, Mahim, Parel, and Matunga-Sion separated from each other only during high tide. The population has risen from merely 3 millions in 1951 to 12 millions as on 2002 out of which 50 % live in slums It also supports “daily commuting” population of 20 lakhs It covers an area of 437 sq.km. With average density of 36600 soul/ sq.km. Water Supply-From Past To Present Prior to 1870, the Mumbaikar used to drink water from the existing well, lakes and tanks. But during middle of nineteenth century, because of the epidemic, decision was taken to build a dam to supply good quality of potable water, and then onwards Bombay water works started functioning The history of Mumbai’s water supply dates back to the 22nd June 1845. On this day, the then Government in response to the agitation of the native appointed 2 men Commission to report about the quality and quantity of water available in Mumbai. The Commission reported back within 24 hours that the water supply of Mumbai needed immediate attention. This was the beginning of efforts to search sources of water to satisfy the City’s demand. It is the first city in India to receive piped water supply in the year 1860. Today it supplies 2950 MLD every day, is one of the largest water supply in Asia. Sources of Supplies are four lakes namely Tansa, Vaitarna, Vehar and Tulsi. about 110 km from Mumbai.The water is treated in two plants namely Panjarapur & Bhandup and stored at two Master Balancing Reservoirs namely Yewai & Bhandup with 1910 MLD ,the largest water treatment plant in Asia and further supplied to the city through 26 service reservoirs. The entire network is spread over an area of 430 sq km, while the sources are 40 to 60 kms away from the Master Center. WATER SUPPLY TO GREATER MUMBAI SNO Source of water supply Daily supply in mld Year since it commissioned 1 Vihar lake 67 1860 2 Tulsi lake 18 1879 3 Powai lake 4 1891 4 Tansa river scheme 494 1948 5 Vaitarna- cum-Tansa scheme 490 1957 6 Ulhas river scheme 90 1967 7 Upper Ulhas scheme 550 1972-73 Source : CGWB manual on groundwater in urban environment of India How Much Is Supplied? The Brihanmumbai Municipal Corporation is responsible for providing water supply, managing and operating the network and billing and collecting revenues to the population of Greater Mumbai ( more than 12 million people). The department in charge of these functions is the Hydraulic Engineer’s department. There are around 300,000 water connections in Mumbai. Most of the supply is for domestic purposes ( 85 %). The non-domestic demand ( 15 %) has been decreasing over the years in parallel with the decline of water consuming industries ( mostly textile and dairies).The Municipal Corporation of Greater Mumbai presently supplies water at 135 LPCD to the consumers in planned development, which is recently curtailed to 90 LPCD because of rapid rate of development, constant influx in the city and no augmentation in water supply in near future. City today needs nearly 4000MLD of water. With an Status of water supply in Mumbai expected population growth of 2% per year, the 3800 projected water demand in 2011 will be 4500MLD. 4000 Water is supplied at the rate of 2980 MLD from 2950 3000 surface water. Average supply is around 240 to 250 2000 lpcd. However large discrepancies exist according to the type of settlement and the type of connections. 1000 Surface water provided to the city by a gravity system 0 is the main characteristic of the supply of Mumbai Million litres per day DEMAND SUPPLY where groundwater plays no role. Water is supplied on source: Braham Mumbai Corporation a rotational basis among the 107 distribution zones because of the reservoirs capacity. Intermittent supply is the rule in Mumbai and supply can vary from two to six hours. Who Needs How Much? WATER REQUIREMENT OF GREATER MUMBAI(1991,2001,2011) 5000 4525 3819 3529 4000 3080 2823 2521 3000 2200 2017 2000 1489 400 400 400 1000 38 54 69 90 90 90 0 Domestic Industrial Other uses Enroute Total (net) Total ( gross) Water Requirement(in MLD) institutional Type of Use Note : The projected demand of water for Greater Mumbai for the year 2021 is estimated to be 5355 mld. Source : CGWB manual on groundwater in urban environment of India SITUATION ANALYSIS Out of the gross water supply of 3,193 MLD, after accounting for leakages, the net availability amounts to 2,320 MLD. This includes 600 MLD water supply for non-domestic purposes, namely, industry and commerce. The water losses through leakages in water supply distribution system amount to almost 25%. This is very high despite the MCGM efforts to reduce the same to 15%. SOURCES OF WATER SUPPLY 700 590 550 600 494 500 400 300 200 67 90 100 18 4 Capacity(MLD) 0 Vihar Tulsi Powai Tansa Vait Ulhas Upper lake lake lake river arna- river Ulhas scheme cum- scheme scheme Tansa *Expected year of completion-Gargai-2009 & Shai-2009. * The average gross per capita water supply is 260 litres, while the net water available for domestic use is about 155 litres per capita per day (lpcd). This net availability no doubt exceeds norm of 135 lpcd set by the Bureau of Indian Standards (IS). Apparently, the water supply status appears to be satisfactory on the whole. However, the fact that there are a good number of private water suppliers and a conspicuously large market for water provides elegant testimony of inadequacies of water management in the city. * Surely, the aggregates should not give any complacency to the municipal authorities. The spatial, temporal and sectoral coverage of water is still missing i.e., some parts of the city do not receive water; some of them receive it intermittently; and some sectors have more privilege in accessing it than others. Connection Nature of Use Tariff (Rs per thousand litres) Metered: Domestic -Slums/Chawls 2.25 -High rise buildings 3.50 Commercial/Industrial 10.50 - 38 Unmetered: Domestic 65% of the rateable value Commercial/Industrial 130% of the value rateable value Source: Municipal Corporation of Greater Mumbai (2002) Moreover, the municipal norms of water supply have been fixed at 45 lpcd in slums, 90 lpcd in chawls and 135 lpcd in high rise buildings, respectively. However, the actual water supply widely varies between wards and even localities within a ward. For example, it varies from 50 lpcd in slums to 250 lpcd in high rise buildings. What Will Be The Future Supply? FUTURE SOURCES OF WATER SUPPLY The present supply versus demand percentage satisfaction is about 76 %. Looking to the growth of city and day- by- BHATSA ( 350 MUMBAI III A) day increasing demand, there is an urgent need to identify MIDDLE and commission new sources of water supply. Govt of 865 VAITARNA Maharashtra has allotted additional 350 MLD of water 455 GARGAI from Bhatsa sources. This project is known sa Mumabai III-A project. 455 PINJAL This project has been taken up on priority basis to utilise this additional water from Bhatsa source. The estimated cost of this project is Rs 700 crore. This project is expected to be completed by the end of year 2007.The important components includes several works like raising height of Pise weir by 2m (work completed ) ,laying of 3000 mm dia main from Pise to Panjrapur (total length about 9 kms Part of the work of 3 kms is completed.),pumping station at PiseTreatment plant of 455 MLD capacity at Panjrapur, raw water pumping station of 635 MLD capacity at Panjrapur ,tunnel from Bhandup comlex to Malad Hill reservoir and further extension upto Liberty Garden and Charkop, tunnel from Veravli Hill reservoir to Oshiwara and Yari road.and laying of 3000 mm dia water main from Mulund Goregaon link road to Amar Mahal along Eastern Express Highway The future sources of water supply to Mumbai city to fulfil the requirment have been identified. The identified sources and the estimated yield from each source is Vaitarna river basin and Ulhas river basin are as under: Vaitarna River Basin 865 Water from sources in Vaitarna river basin can be 1000 brought to city by gravity. The feasibility report 455 455 500 for Middle Vaitarna project has been completed. The final technical details like type of dam, etc.is 0 being worked out. Most of the clearances required Capacity(MLD) Middle Gargai Pinjal have been obtained. However, clearance from Vaitarna Envrionmental Department of Govt. of India is yet awaited. The major components of works identified in Middle Vaitarna project includes a location of dam between Upper Vaitarna & Lower Vaitarna, tunnel of 3500 mm dia length of 8 kms from Modak Sagar ( vaitarna) to Y-branch ,a 3000 mm dia water main between Y- branch and Gundavali for a length of about 33 km in different stretches and additional treatment plant at Bhandup complex of 590 MLD capacity. For Gargai and Pinjal sources the water can be transmitted to Modak Sagar through tunnels by gravity. Further from Modak Sagar water can be easily brought to Bhandup complex with existing and additional conveyance system. It would be beneficial to tap sources from Vaitarna basing from where water can be brought by gravity upto Bhandup complex where, adequate land for accommodating additional treatment plant and to enhance the capacity of Master Balancing Reservoir – I is available at appropriate elevation.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Mumbai District
    Government of India Ministry of MSME Brief Industrial Profile of Mumbai District MSME – Development Institute Ministry of MSME, Government of India, Kurla-Andheri Road, Saki Naka, MUMBAI – 400 072. Tel.: 022 – 28576090 / 3091/4305 Fax: 022 – 28578092 e-mail: [email protected] website: www.msmedimumbai.gov.in 1 Content Sl. Topic Page No. No. 1 General Characteristics of the District 3 1.1 Location & Geographical Area 3 1.2 Topography 4 1.3 Availability of Minerals. 5 1.4 Forest 5 1.5 Administrative set up 5 – 6 2 District at a glance: 6 – 7 2.1 Existing Status of Industrial Areas in the District Mumbai 8 3 Industrial scenario of Mumbai 9 3.1 Industry at a Glance 9 3.2 Year wise trend of units registered 9 3.3 Details of existing Micro & Small Enterprises and artisan 10 units in the district. 3.4 Large Scale Industries/Public Sector undertaking. 10 3.5 Major Exportable item 10 3.6 Growth trend 10 3.7 Vendorisation /Ancillarisation of the Industry 11 3.8 Medium Scale Enterprises 11 3.8.1 List of the units in Mumbai district 11 3.9 Service Enterprises 11 3.9.2 Potentials areas for service industry 11 3.10 Potential for new MSME 12 – 13 4 Existing Clusters of Micro & Small Enterprises 13 4.1 Details of Major Clusters 13 4.1.1 Manufacturing Sector 13 4.2 Details for Identified cluster 14 4.2.1 Name of the cluster : Leather Goods Cluster 14 5 General issues raised by industry association during the 14 course of meeting 6 Prospects of training programmes during 2012 – 13 15 7 Action plan for MSME Schemes during 2012 – 13.
    [Show full text]
  • Describing a Specific Challenge
    Describing A Specific Challenge Mr. R. A. Rajeev (IAS), City Mumbai Contact person Metropolitan Commissioner, MMRDA Concerned Mithi River Development and Mr. Shankar C. Deshpande, Project Department Contact person Protection Authority Director and Member Secretary / Authority Theme Rejuvenation and Beautification of the River • Unprecedented deluge occurs in Mumbai on 26th July 2005 with rainfall of 944 mm. in 24 hours coinciding with highest high tide of 4.48 m. Mithi River in Mumbai received attention of the entire world. • The Mithi River originates from spillovers of Vihar and Powai Lake traverses through Mumbai's suburban areas viz. Seepz, Marol, Andheri and then flows below the runway of International Airport and then meanders through areas of Bail Bazar, Kurla, Bandra - Kurla Complex and meets Arabian sea at Mahim Bay after flowing below 15 bridges for a length of 17.84Km. • Mithi River with Catchment area of 7295 ha. has its origin at 246 m. above mean sea level and has a total length of 17.84 kms. Out of this, 11.84 kms is under jurisdiction of MCGM (Planning Authority as Local Authority) and 6 kms is under jurisdiction of MMRDA (Special Planning Authority for BKC) for carrying out the Mithi River improvement works. The 6 Km in MMRDA portion has tidal effect. • GoM took number of initiatives for revival of the Mithi river including appointment of Fact Finding Committee chaired by Dr. Madhavrao Chitale in August 2005, establishment of Mithi River Development and Protection Authority (MRDPA) in August 2005, appointment of expert organisations viz. CWPRS, IIT B, NEERI etc. for various studies.
    [Show full text]
  • Presentation on Conservation and Revival of Powai Lake
    Presentation on Conservation and Revival of Powai Lake by Shri M.R. Sohoni Dy. Municipal Commissioner (Special Engineering) Municipal Corporation of Greater Mumbai Conservation of Powai Lake by Using Bioremediation Technique BRIEF HISTORY Powai lake was created in 1891 by constructing dam between two hillocks across Mithi River. Catchment area of the lake is about 600 hectors and water spread area at full supply level is 220 hectors. Top level of the dam is at 195 Feet T.H.D. level. Length of the dam is about 110 mtrs.and height is varying from 6 mtrs. (maximum ht.) to 3mtrs. (minimum ht.) Lake is deteriorated due to accelerated growth of residential, commercial and industrial area around the lake & quarrying activity in the catchment area. The lake water is not used for drinking purposes but for non potable purposes i.e. gardening and industrial use. This lake was included in "National Lake Conservation Plan" by MoEF, GoI in the year 1991. Conservation of Powai Lake by Using Bioremediation Technique (Contd.) In the year 1995, B.M.C. prepared and submitted D.P.R. for these works to GoI but the same was not approved. In the month of March 2001, M/s. Wockhardt Co. submitted DPR with an estimated cost of Rs. 10.51 Crores for conservation, as well as beautification of lake. In June 2001, GoI approved DPR and sanctioned Rs. 6.62 crores for "Conservation of Powai Lake" with its allied works. Scope of Work The scope of work consists of the following activities for improving the quality of Powai Lake Water by using BIOREMEDIATION TECHNIQUE to bring the values of various parameters of the lake water upto the values required for maintaining Eco-balance.
    [Show full text]
  • Water Quality Assessment of Creeks and Coast in Mumbai, India: a Spatial and Temporal Analysis
    11th ESRI India User Conference 2010 WATER QUALITY ASSESSMENT OF CREEKS AND COAST IN MUMBAI, INDIA: A SPATIAL AND TEMPORAL ANALYSIS Swapnil R Kamble, Ritesh Vijay and R A Sohony Environmental System Design and Modeling Division, National Environmental Engineering Research institute Nehru Marg, Nagpur-440020 (M.S.), India [email protected] Telefax: +91 712 2249990 Abstract: About the Author: Mumbai, the financial capital of India is generating about 2700 MLD of sewage from seven service areas and discharging into adjoining West Coast, Malad, Mahim, Marve Mr Ritesh Vijay, and Thane Creeks. The coastal and creeks water quality is deteriorating due to disposal of M.Tech (Environmental Engineering) partially treated sewage, open drains water as well as industrial wastewater which is today's Credentials of Corresponding author- major environmental concern. The objective of Environmental Modeling and System present paper is to assess and evaluate the Design, Application of Remote Sensing water quality during low and high tides. 65 and GIS, Development of GIS based samples from west coast and 44 from creeks modeling tools and information system. were collected. The samples were analysed for physico-chemical and bacteriological E mail ID: [email protected] parameters and results were compared with SW II standards as prescribed by Central Pollution Control Board, India. The results were Contact No: +91 – 0712 2249990 incorporated on the GIS platform for further analysis and visualization. The spatial distributions of water quality were generated to delineate the areas affected due to sewage discharges and disposal. Based on water quality analysis and spatial distribution, creeks were observed to be worst and most of the parameters were above the prescribed standards as compared to west coast.
    [Show full text]
  • ISMC-2014 Department of Atomic Energy, Government of India, Mumbai-400 085
    DAE-BRNS 5th INTERDISCIPLINARY SYMPOSIUM ON MATERIALS CHEMISTRY December 9-13, 2014 Venue: Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai Organized by Society for Materials Chemistry and Chemistry Division Bhabha Atomic Research Centre Trombay, Mumbai-400 085 India Supported by Board of Research in Nuclear Sciences ISMC-2014 Department of Atomic Energy, Government of India, Mumbai-400 085 Web site: www.ismc2014.com "!2# SCOPE OF THE SYMPOSIUM The 5th Interdisciplinary Symposium on Materials Chemistry, ISMC–2014, is being organized jointly by the Society for Materials Chemistry (SMC) and Chemistry Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre (BARC), Trombay, Mumbai, India, during December 9-13, 2014. The symposium is supported by the Board of Research in Nuclear Sciences (BRNS), Department of Atomic Energy (DAE). of materials chemistry. The deliberations of the symposium will cover the followingIn this Symposium, topics: it is planned to focus on contemporary research in the field • Nuclear materials • High purity materials • Nanomaterials and clusters • Carbon based materials • Fuel cell materials and other electro-ceramics • Biomaterials • Polymers and soft condensed matter • Materials for energy conversion • • Magnetic materials Thin films and surface chemistry • Catalysis • Chemical sensors • Organic and organometallic compounds • Computational material chemistry • Hybrid materials and composites IMPORTANT DATES Last date for submission of papers : August 20, 2014 Acceptance of papers : September 30, 2014 Payment of registration fees : October 20,
    [Show full text]
  • CRAMPED for ROOM Mumbai’S Land Woes
    CRAMPED FOR ROOM Mumbai’s land woes A PICTURE OF CONGESTION I n T h i s I s s u e The Brabourne Stadium, and in the background the Ambassador About a City Hotel, seen from atop the Hilton 2 Towers at Nariman Point. The story of Mumbai, its journey from seven sparsely inhabited islands to a thriving urban metropolis home to 14 million people, traced over a thousand years. Land Reclamation – Modes & Methods 12 A description of the various reclamation techniques COVER PAGE currently in use. Land Mafia In the absence of open maidans 16 in which to play, gully cricket Why land in Mumbai is more expensive than anywhere SUMAN SAURABH seems to have become Mumbai’s in the world. favourite sport. The Way Out 20 Where Mumbai is headed, a pointer to the future. PHOTOGRAPHS BY ARTICLES AND DESIGN BY AKSHAY VIJ THE GATEWAY OF INDIA, AND IN THE BACKGROUND BOMBAY PORT. About a City THE STORY OF MUMBAI Seven islands. Septuplets - seven unborn babies, waddling in a womb. A womb that we know more ordinarily as the Arabian Sea. Tied by a thin vestige of earth and rock – an umbilical cord of sorts – to the motherland. A kind mother. A cruel mother. A mother that has indulged as much as it has denied. A mother that has typically left the identity of the father in doubt. Like a whore. To speak of fathers who have fought for the right to sire: with each new pretender has come a new name. The babies have juggled many monikers, reflected in the schizophrenia the city seems to suffer from.
    [Show full text]
  • Brihanmumbai Mahanagarpalika
    BRIHANMUMBAI MAHANAGARPALIKA PROJECTS SANCTIONED UNDER JNNURM A] IV Mumbai - Middle Vaitarna Water Supply Project :- Municipal Corporation of Greater Mumbai (MCGM) has undertaken the Middle Vaitarana Water Supply Project, costing Rs.1583.97 crores in order to bring in additional 455 mld water to Mumbai. The Cabinet Committee on Economic Affairs (CCEA) of the Central Govt. has approved an expenditure of Rs.1329.50 crores as being admissible for Grant-in-Aid under the JNNURM. The Central and the State Govt. have released the first installment of Rs.33.23 crores for the Middle Vaitarna Water Supply Project. The execution period of the said project is from 2006-07 to 2010-11. The works to be executed under the IV Mumbai Middle Vaitarna Water Supply Project are as follows : 1] Construction of Dam · The proposed Middle Vaitarna Dam on the Vaitarna River has an approximate length of 500 mtrs. and a height of about 100 mtrs. · This will be an R.C.C. (Roller Compacted Concrete) Dam · The water from the Middle Vaitarna Dam will be released into Vaitarna river and will be conveyed upto Modak Sagar Reservoir i.e. upto the Lower Vaitarna Reservoir, through river course. (Implementation status :- Tenders will be received on 15.12.2007) 2] Conveyance and Treatment Works · From Modak Sagar, water will be drawn through a new intake tower in a controlled manner and will be conveyed through a 7.5 km long tunnel upto the Intake Shaft at bell Nalla. (Implementation status :- Agency fixed. Work commenced on the 4th July 2007) · Thereafter water will be brought to the Bhandup Complex via a pipeline of 36 km, in parts, along with the existing 3000 mm.
    [Show full text]
  • Finishing School on Environmental Management
    January 16 to 19, 2009 Report of the Proceedings FINISHING SCHOOL ON ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT Environmental Management Centre & National Institute of Industrial Engineering (NITIE) Table of Contents 1.0 Background ............................................................................................................................................................ 1 2.0 Concept ................................................................................................................................................................... 1 3.0 Programme Design and Conduct ....................................................................................................................... 1 4.0 Profile of Participants ........................................................................................................................................... 6 5.0 Programme Evaluation......................................................................................................................................... 7 6.0 Findings and Recommendations ...................................................................................................................... 11 7.0 Next steps ............................................................................................................................................................. 12 List of Figures Figure 1: Participant Profile .............................................................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Eco Sust Mumbai.Pdf
    Title of paper A DESIGN FOR ECO-SUSTAINABILITY: LESSONS FROM A STRESSED ENVIRONMENT IN MUMBAI Paper (maximum 4000-5000 words including references) Authors Name Institutional affiliation(s) E-mail Pallavi Latkar Council of Architecture pallavilatkar@ hotmail.com New Delhi India Co authors- Institute of Town Bhakti Hazare Planners India Stuti Kalamdani Kamla Raheja Institute for Architecture and Environmental Studies Mumbai University of Mumbai Rachana Sansad Institute for Environmental Architecture Mumbai Contact person Name Telephone (including country code and area code) Pallavi Latkar 91-022-28325511,91-022-26700918 Fax E-mail 91-022-26200923 pallavi_latkar@ yahoo.com International Conference for Integrating Urban Knowledge & Practice Gothenburg, Sweden. May 29 – June 3, 2005 2 (12) A DESIGN FOR ECO-SUSTAINABILITY: LESSONS FROM A STRESSED ENVIRONMENT IN MUMBAI Introduction: The importance of environmental sustainability is now well recognized even by the developing countries. However, the economic compulsions that have become even stronger in the face of the globalization, the cities are facing intense competitions to attract international capital and corporate offices leading to policies where environmental well being gets a lower priority. The current focus of planning in the city of Mumbai on the proposals like creation of new Central Business Districts, Information Technology parks, luxury housing townships, flyovers and freeways, shopping malls, golf clubs, multiplexes and other high-end entertainment centers, all designed to project an up market and global image illustrates the point. In the process, the city environment is under strain as never before, but unfortunately that does not figure in any calculation. Assessment of the impact of development projects on the ecosystems is now absolutely critical besides the technical, economic and political factors.
    [Show full text]
  • Powai Report.Cdr
    ® Powai, Mumbai From a tiny hamlet in the peripheries to being a densely populated residential market Micro Market Overview Report August 2018 About Powai THE CONSTRUCTION ACTIVITY IN POWAI PICKED UP IN THE LATE 90’S AND THERE HAS BEEN NO LOOKING BACK SINCE THEN FOR THE MICRO MARKET. Decades ago, Powai was an unfamiliar hamlet in There are numerous educational institutions the north eastern suburbs of Mumbai on the banks namely Hiranandani Foundation School, Bombay of Powai Lake, catering to the drinking water Scottish School, Podar International School and supply needs of the city. In 1958, the establishment Kendriya Vidyalaya. Dr. L H Hiranandani Hospital, of the technology and research institution – Indian Nahar Medical Centre and Powai Hospital are a few Institute of Technology, Bombay brought the prominent healthcare facilities. micro market into limelight. The construction activity in Powai picked up in the late 90’s and Convenience stores such as D Mart and shopping there has been no looking back since then for the complexes like Galleria and R City Mall (located micro market. less than 4 km from Powai) are also available for the shopping needs of residents. Apart from Powai is surrounded by hills of Vikhroli Parksite in residential developments, there are corporate the south east, Sanjay Gandhi National Park in the offices such as Crisil, Bayer, L&T, Nomura, Colgate- north and L.B.S. Road in the north eastern Palmolive, Deloitte and Cognizant. Additionally, direction. Powai is equipped with excellent social the micro market also provides a scenic view of the infrastructure. Powai Hills and the Sanjay Gandhi National Park.
    [Show full text]
  • Analysis of Physico-Chemical Properties of Powai Lake During
    International Journal of Researches In May 2014 ISSN No. (Online) Biosciences, Agriculture & Technology Issue-2, Volume-II 2347-517X ANALYSIS OF PHYSICO-CHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF POWAI LAKE DURING FESTIVE SEASON IN MUMBAI METROPOLIS Aparna S. Gund and Umesh B. Kakde Dept. of Botany,Government of Maharashtra’s Ismail Yusuf College, Jogeshwari (E), Mumbai-60 Abstract Water is a valuable natural asset and also a fundamental natural resource and is the most essential necessity of life. In India, lot of religious activities take place throughout the year. The immersion of idol during festive seasons is a major source of contamination and sedimentation to the lake water. The Ganesh festival is one of the biggest festivals in Mumbai. The festival also generates a large amount of holy waste (Nirmalya) in the form of flowers, decoration materials, oil and other religious offerings. After the festival the Ganesha idols are immersed at the various beaches and lakes across the Mumbai city. These idols are made up of non- biodegradable materials like plaster of Paris (PoP) and synthetic paints used for making these idols. This can pose a serious threat to water quality and aquatic life and water environment. To access the water quality, the water samples were collected from Powai Lake points before, during and after the Ganapati visarjan and analyzed for different physico-chemical parameters. The parameters like pH, Temp., DO, COD, Chloride, Sulphate, Phosphate, turbidity etc. were considered to find out the effect of idol immersion activates on quality of water. It has been observed that the values of some parameters were significantly increased during the immersion period and then declined in the post-immersion period.
    [Show full text]
  • E- Auction Notice Mumbai 16X42
    BRANCH OFFICE: CIRCLE SASTRA CENTRE SALE NOTICE FOR SALE OF ADDRESS: 18th Floor, E-WING, MAKER TOWER, CUFF PARADE, MUMBAI-400005 IMMOVABLE PROPERTIES E-Auction Sale Notice for Sale of Immovable Assets under the Securitisation and Reconstruction of Financial Assets and Enforcement of Security Interest Act, 2002 read with proviso to Rule 8 (6) of the Security Interest (Enforcement) Rules, 2002. Notice is hereby given to the public in general and in particular to the Borrower (s) and Guarantor (s) that the below described immovable property mortgaged/charged to the Secured Creditor, the constructive/physical/ symbolic possession of which has been taken by the Authorised Officer of the Bank/ Secured Creditor, will be sold on “As is where is”, “As is what is”, and “Whatever there is” on the date as mentioned in the table herein below, for recovery of its dues due to the Bank/ Secured Creditor from the respective borrower (s) and guarantor (s). The reserve price and the earnest money deposit will be as mentioned in the table below against the respective properties. SCHEDULE OF THE SECURED ASSETS S. A. Name of Branch Description of the Immovable A) Dt. Of Demand Notice u/s A)Reserve Price Date/ Time of Details of the Name & No of No. Properties Mortgaged/ Owner’s 13(2) of SARFESI ACT 2002 E-Auction encumbrances the Contact B. Name of Account Name(mortgagers of property(ies)) B) Outstanding Amount as on B)EMD known to the person & Date 30.09.2020 secured of Inspection C. Name & Address of C) Possession Date u/s 13(2) of C)Bid Increase creditors Borrower/Guarantor SARFESI ACT 2002 Amount D) Nature of Possession Symbolic/ Physical/ 1 BO: Circle SASTRA Flat No.
    [Show full text]