DOCSLIB.ORG

Taxonomía Y Conservación De La Familia Magnoliaceae En El Ecuador

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Taxonomía Y Conservación De La Familia Magnoliaceae En El Ecuador II PONTIFICIA UNIVERSIDAD CATÓLICA DEL ECUADOR FACULTAD DE CIENCIAS EXACTAS Y NATURALES ESCUELA DE CIENCIAS BIOLÓGICAS Taxonomía y conservación de la familia Magnoliaceae en el Ecuador Tesis previa a la obtención del título de Magíster en Biología de la Conservación ÁLVARO JAVIER PÉREZ CASTAÑEDA Quito, 2015 III CERTIFICACIÓN Certifico que la tesis de Maestría en Biología de la Conservación del candidato Álvaro Javier Pérez Castañeda ha sido concluida de conformidad con las normas establecidas; por lo tanto, puede ser presentada para la calificación correspondiente. Rommel Montufar PhD. Director de Tesis Quito, 27 de Noviembre de 2015 IV A Daniela y Flora, Por brindarme su amor, compañía y comprensión V AGRADECIMIENTOS Mi sincera gratitud a los Doctores Katya Romoleroux, Hugo Navarrete y Rommel Montufar por su dirección y aportes a la redacción del manuscrito. Al Dr. José Antonio Vázquez de la Universidad de Guadalajara - CUCBA y al Ing. Frank Arroyo por sus enseñanzas y compartir conocimientos sobre este grupo importante de plantas. A la Pontifica Universidad Católica del Ecuador, Escuela de Ciencias Biológicas y Herbario QCA por el financiamiento y soporte logístico para el desarrollo de esta investigación. A Juan Iglesias por su ayuda en la elaboración y edición de los mapas de distribución de las especies. VI TABLA DE CONTENIDOS LISTA DE FIGURAS ............................................................................................................... X LISTA DE TABLAS ............................................................................................................ XIV LISTA DE ANEXOS ............................................................................................................ XIV 1. RESUMEN ............................................................................................................................ 1 2. ABSTRACT ........................................................................................................................... 3 3. INTRODUCCIÓN ................................................................................................................. 5 3.1. Justificación e importancia del tratamiento taxonómico y la evaluación del estado de conservación de Magnoliaceae del Ecuador............................................................................... 5 3.2. Descripción de la familia Magnoliaceae ............................................................................. 6 3.3. Origen de la familia Magnoliaceae ..................................................................................... 7 3.4. Historia taxonómica y filogenética ..................................................................................... 7 3.5. Subdivisión de Magnoliaceae ............................................................................................. 9 3.6. Distribución, diversidad y endemismo de Magnoliaceae ................................................. 11 3.7. Hábitat de las especies de Magnoliaceae en Ecuador ....................................................... 12 3.8. Polinización y dispersión .................................................................................................. 14 3.9. Usos ................................................................................................................................... 15 3.10. Concepto de especie ........................................................................................................ 16 4. OBJETIVOS ........................................................................................................................ 17 4.1. Objetivo general ................................................................................................................ 17 4.2. Objetivos específicos ........................................................................................................ 17 5. MATERIALES Y MÉTODOS ............................................................................................ 18 5.1. Recopilación de datos ....................................................................................................... 18 VII 5.1.1. Trabajo de campo ........................................................................................................... 18 5.1.2. Revisión de especímenes de herbario ............................................................................ 19 5.2. Estado de conservación ..................................................................................................... 20 5.2.1. Implementación de las categorías y criterios de la UICN para la evaluación del estado de conservación ............................................................................................................................ 21 6. RESULTADOS .................................................................................................................... 23 6.1. Tratamiento taxonómico de Magnolia L. (Magnoliaceae) para el Ecuador ..................... 23 Subsección Dugandiodendron ................................................................................................. 24 Magnolia bankardiorium M.O. Dillon & I. Sánchez-Vega ......................................... 24 Magnolia chiguila F. Arroyo, A.J. Pérez & A. Vázquez, sp. nov ................................ 26 Magnolia jaenensis J. L. Marcelo-Peña ....................................................................... 28 Magnolia lozanoi A.Vázquez & De Castro ................................................................. 30 Magnolia mashpi Á.J. Pérez, F. Arroyo & A. Vázquez, sp. nov ................................. 31 Magnolia shuariorum F. Arroyo & A. Vázquez .......................................................... 33 Magnolia striatifolia Little ........................................................................................... 35 Magnolia yantzazana F. Arroyo .................................................................................. 37 Subsección Talauma ................................................................................................................ 39 Magnolia canandeana F. Arroyo ................................................................................. 39 Magnolia crassifolia F. Arroyo & A.J. Pérez .............................................................. 41 Magnolia dixonii (Little) Govaerts .............................................................................. 42 Magnolia equatorialis A. Vázquez .............................................................................. 43 Magnolia kichuana A. Vázquez, F. Arroyo & A. J. Pérez .......................................... 46 Magnolia llanganatensis A. Vázquez & D.A. Neill, sp. nov ....................................... 48 Magnolia mercedesiarum A. Vázquez & D.A. Neill, sp. nov ..................................... 50 VIII Magnolia mindoensis A. Vázquez & D.A. Neill, sp. nov ............................................ 52 Magnolia napoensis A. Vázquez & D.A. Neill, sp. nov .............................................. 55 Magnolia neillii (Lozano) Govaerts ............................................................................. 57 Magnolia palandana F. Arroyo ................................................................................... 59 Magnolia pastazaensis F. Arroyo & A.J. Pérez ........................................................... 60 Magnolia rimachii (Lozano) Govaerts ......................................................................... 62 Magnolia vargasiana A. Vázquez & D.A. Neill ......................................................... 64 Magnolia zamorana F. Arroyo .................................................................................... 66 6.2. Evaluación del estado de conservación de Magnolia L. (Magnoliaceae) para el Ecuador .................................................................................................................................................. 68 Subsección Dugandiodendron ................................................................................................. 69 Magnolia bankardiorium M.O. Dillon & I. Sánchez-Vega ......................................... 69 Magnolia chiguila F. Arroyo, A.J. Pérez & A. Vázquez, sp. nov. ............................... 70 Magnolia jaenensis J. L. Marcelo-Peña ....................................................................... 70 Magnolia lozanoi A. Vázquez & De Castro ................................................................ 71 Magnolia mashpi Á.J. Pérez, F. Arroyo & A. Vázquez, sp. nov. ................................ 71 Magnolia shuariorum F. Arroyo & A. Vázquez .......................................................... 71 Magnolia striatifolia Little ........................................................................................... 72 Magnolia yantzazana F. Arroyo .................................................................................. 72 Subsección Talauma ................................................................................................................ 73 Magnolia canandeana F. Arroyo ................................................................................. 73 Magnolia crassifolia F. Arroyo & A.J. Pérez .............................................................. 73 Magnolia dixonii (Little) Govaerts .............................................................................. 73 Magnolia equatorialis A. Vázquez ............................................................................
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Presentación De Powerpoint
    Lecciones de Conservación de las Magnolias J. Antonio Vázquez-García Instituto de Botánica Universidad de Guadalajara Lección 1. Magnolias como especie sombrilla en la conservation In-situ de la Sierra de Manantlán; Jalisco, México 1976 1977 Los Depósitos, Jal. In 1978, the discovery of Doebley, Guzmán, Puga, Iltis Zea diploperennis was derived from the report of an alleged 2nd location for Zea perennis by Rafael Guzmán Mejía. Wild relatives of corn are relevant resources for genetic Improvement of the 2nd world cereal Iltis Las Ventana, Jal. 1978 Las Joyas, Jal. 1979 It became a World symbol of conservation value of wild plants Jalisco is now a center of diversity of wild relatives and cultivated varieties of corn. Guzmán 1984 Stopping of the 1985 cutting of old Magnolia sp. tree led to first conservation action, purchasing 1200 ha to build the Sicentific Station Las Joyas, in the Sierra de Manantlán, two years later 140,000 ha were established as a Biosphere Reserve. In 1987, 140,000 ha were declared by Presidential Decree asa Biosphere Reserve (SMBR), subsecuently recognized by UNESCO A goal of the RBSM is to conserve this genetic diversity 1990 & 1995 Se publican 1ra y 2da edición respectivamente, de la Flora de Manantlán, en colaboración entre la Universidad de Guadalajara y la Universidad de Wisconsin, con la participación de más de 130 especialistas nacionales e internacionaes. 1992 Peter Del Tredici Richard Figlar 1983 1994 2012 1995 1993 2012 1995 Magnolia gentry, Perú Caso 2: Tres nuevos paradigmas para magnolias del Nuevo Mundo Countries with high species richness of Caso 2: Magnolias del Neotropico Magnoliaceae.
    [Show full text]
  • The Red List of Magnoliaceae Revised and Extended
    The Red List of Magnoliaceae revised and extended Malin Rivers, Emily Beech, Lydia Murphy & Sara Oldfield BOTANIC GARDENS CONSERVATION INTERNATIONAL (BGCI) is a membership organization linking botanic gardens in over 100 countries in a shared commitment to biodiversity conservation, sustainable use and environmental education. BGCI aims to mobilize botanic gardens and work with partners to secure plant diversity for the Published by Botanic Gardens Conservation International Descanso House, 199 Kew Road, well-being of people and the planet. BGCI provides the Secretariat for Richmond, Surrey, TW9 3BW, UK. the IUCN/SSC Global Tree Specialist Group. © 2016 Botanic Gardens Conservation International ISBN-10: 1-905164-64-5 ISBN-13: 978-1-905164-64-6 Reproduction of any part of the publication for educational, conservation and other non-profit FAUNA & FLORA INTERNATIONAL (FFI) , founded in 1903 and the purposes is authorized without prior permission from world’s oldest international conservation organization, acts to conserve the copyright holder, provided that the source is fully acknowledged. threatened species and ecosystems worldwide, choosing solutions that are sustainable, are based on sound science and take account of Reproduction for resale or other commercial purposes human needs. is prohibited without prior written permission from the copyright holder. Recommended citation: Rivers, M., Beech, E., Murphy, L. and Oldfield, S. (2016). The Red List of Magnoliaceae - revised and extended. BGCI. Richmond, UK. AUTHORS Malin Rivers is the Red List Manager at BGCI. THE GLOBAL TREES CAMPAIGN (GTC) is undertaken through a Emily Beech is a Conservation Assistant at BGCI. partnership between BGCI and FFI. GTC’s mission is to prevent all tree Lydia Murphy is the Global Trees Campaign Intern species extinctions in the wild, ensuring their benefits for people, wildlife at BGCI.
    [Show full text]
  • Phylogenomic Approach
    Toward the ultimate phylogeny of Magnoliaceae: phylogenomic approach Sangtae Kim*1, Suhyeon Park1, and Jongsun Park2 1 Sungshin University, Korea 2 InfoBoss Co., Korea Mr. Carl Ferris Miller Founder of Chollipo Arboretum in Korea Chollipo Arboretum Famous for its magnolia collection 2020. Annual Meeting of Magnolia Society International Cholliop Arboretum in Korea. April 13th~22th, 2020 http://WWW.Chollipo.org Sungshin University, Seoul, Korea Dr. Hans Nooteboom Dr. Liu Yu-Hu Twenty-one years ago... in 1998 The 1st International Symposium on the Family Magnoliaceae, Gwangzhow Dr. Hiroshi Azuma Mr. Richard Figlar Dr. Hans Nooteboom Dr. Qing-wen Zeng Dr. Weibang Sun Handsome young boy Dr. Yong-kang Sima Dr. Yu-wu Law Presented ITS study on Magnoliaceae - never published Ten years ago... in 2009 Presented nine cp genome region study (9.2 kbp) on Magnoliaceae – published in 2013 2015 1st International Sympodium on Neotropical Magnoliaceae Gadalajara, 2019 3rd International Sympodium and Workshop on Neotropical Magnoliaceae Asterales Dipsacales Apiales Why magnolia study is Aquifoliales Campanulids (Euasterids II) Garryales Gentianales Laminales Solanales Lamiids important in botany? Ericales Asterids (Euasterids I) Cornales Sapindales Malvales Brassicales Malvids Fagales (Eurosids II) • As a member of early-diverging Cucurbitales Rosales Fabales Zygophyllales Celestrales Fabids (Eurosid I) angiosperms, reconstruction of the Oxalidales Malpighiales Vitales Geraniales Myrtales Rosids phylogeny of Magnoliaceae will Saxifragales Caryphyllales
    [Show full text]
  • Aedes Aegypti (Culicidae) and Ceratitis Capitata (Tephritidae) †
    molecules Article Insecticidal and Attractant Activities of Magnolia citrata Leaf Essential Oil against Two Major Pests from Diptera: Aedes aegypti (Culicidae) and Ceratitis capitata (Tephritidae) † Ngoc Anh Luu-Dam 1,2, Nurhayat Tabanca 3,* , Alden S. Estep 4 , Duy Hung Nguyen 1 and Paul E. Kendra 3,* 1 Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology (VAST), Graduate University of Science and Technology, No. 18 Hoang Quoc Viet Road, Cau Giay District, Hanoi 100803, Vietnam; [email protected] (N.A.L.-D.); [email protected] (D.H.N.) 2 Vietnam National Museum of Nature, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology (VAST), No.18 Hoang Quoc Viet Road, Cau Giay District, Hanoi 100803, Vietnam 3 United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service (USDA-ARS), Subtropical Horticulture Research Station (SHRS), 13601 Old Cutler Rd., Miami, FL 33158, USA 4 United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service (USDA-ARS), Center for Medical, Agricultural, and Veterinary Entomology (CMAVE), Gainesville, FL 32608, USA; [email protected] * Correspondence: [email protected] (N.T.); [email protected] (P.E.K.) † This work was produced by US government employees and is in the public domain in the US. Abstract: In this study, Magnolia citrata Noot and Chalermglin (Magnoliaceae) essential oil (MCEO) Citation: Luu-Dam, N.A.; was evaluated for insecticidal activity against the yellow fever mosquito Aedes aegypti and attractant Tabanca, N.; Estep, A.S.; activity for the Mediterranean fruit fly Ceratitis capitata. The leaves of Magnolia citrata (Giổi chanh) Nguyen, D.H.; Kendra, P.E. were collected from northwestern Vietnam, and the water-distilled MCEO was analyzed by gas- Insecticidal and Attractant Activities of chromatography and mass spectrometry (GC-MS).
    [Show full text]
  • Magnolia Maingola
    BLUMEA 32 (1987) 343-382 Notes on Magnoliaceae II. Revision of Magnolia sections Maingola (Malesian species), Aromadendron, and Blumiana H.P. Nooteboom Rijksherbarium, Leiden, The Netherlands Summary These notes are sequel to the Notes on Magnoliaceae in Blumea 31 (1985) 65-121. First the ad- denda to those notes are given. Then follows a revision ofthe species of Magnolia which belong to the sections Aromadendron and and the Malesian of section A Blumiana, species Maingola. survey with SEM photos is given of the undersurfaces of the leaves of sections Maingola and Aromaden- to assist in to dron, identifying the species. A key the sections is given, a key to the species of sections Maingola and Aromadendron together, and keys to the species of each section. In section Maingola 5 species are recognized for Malesia. Michelia beccariana Agostini and Magnoliaaequinoctialis Dandy are reduced to Magnolia macklottii var. beccariana (Agostini) Noot. Magnolia carsonii Dandy ex Noot. with var. carsonii and var. drymifolia Noot., M. phaulantha Dandy ex Noot. and M. uvariifolia Dandy ex Noot. are newly described. In section Aromadendron also 5 species are recognized. Talauma bintuluensis Agostini is re- named Magnolia binluluensis (Agostini) Noot. and Aromadendron nutans Dandy is reduced to that species. Magnolia ashtonii Dandy ex Noot., M. borneensis Noot., and M. pahangensis Noot. are newly described. In section Blumiana 7 species are recognized. Magnoliapachyphylla Dandy, Talauma andamani- ca King, T. athliantha Dandy, T. borneensis Merr., T. forbesii King, T. gitingensis Elmer, incl. var. glabra Dandy and var. rotundata Dandy, T. gracilior Dandy, T. inflata P.Parm. [= T. undulatifo- lia Agostini], T.
    [Show full text]
  • The Role of the Francisco Javier Clavijero Botanic Garden
    Research article The role of the Francisco Javier Clavijero Botanic Garden (Xalapa, Veracruz, Mexico) in the conservation of the Mexican flora El papel del Jardín Botánico Francisco Javier Clavijero (Xalapa, Veracruz, México) en la conservación de la flora mexicana Milton H. Díaz-Toribio1,3 , Victor Luna1 , Andrew P. Vovides2 Abstract: Background and Aims: There are approximately 3000 botanic gardens in the world. These institutions cultivate approximately six million plant species, representing around 100,000 taxa in cultivation. Botanic gardens make an important contributionex to situ conservation with a high number of threat- ened plant species represented in their collections. To show how the Francisco Javier Clavijero Botanic Garden (JBC) contributes to the conservation of Mexican flora, we asked the following questions: 1) How is vascular plant diversity currently conserved in the JBC?, 2) How well is this garden perform- ing with respect to the Global Strategy for Plant Conservation (GSPC) and the Mexican Strategy for Plant Conservation (MSPC)?, and 3) How has the garden’s scientific collection contributed to the creation of new knowledge (description of new plant species)? Methods: We used data from the JBC scientific living collection stored in BG-BASE. We gathered information on species names, endemism, and endan- gered status, according to national and international policies, and field data associated with each species. Key results: We found that 12% of the species in the JBC collection is under some risk category by international and Mexican laws. Plant families with the highest numbers of threatened species were Zamiaceae, Orchidaceae, Arecaceae, and Asparagaceae. We also found that Ostrya mexicana, Tapirira mexicana, Oreopanax capitatus, O.
    [Show full text]
  • The Mystery Magnolia Oa the Trail of Magaolia Taatasitpaaa La Medea
    The mystery magnolia Oa the trail of Magaolia taatasitpaaa la Medea Joha G. Falrey aad Carl M. Schoeafeld The art of searching for plants in the mysterious and magical mountains of the Sierra Madre Oriental of Mexico is an arduous and challenging experience, but it is also exhilara- ting and exciting. It is a layering of time —past, present, and future. The patchwork of people, places, plants and events finm an integral composition that has become a way of life. The mountains of northeast Mexico are rich in natural beauty —spaces that are awesome and breathtaking —and the dramatic environmental changes which occur on the eastern side of this range have produced a variety of amaringly diverse habitats that are rich in numbers of plant species. It is not unusual to find dogwoods growing in a moist canyon on the northeast side of the mountain and walk only a few feet to see agaves and yuccas thriving on a hot and dry western slope. These phenomenal changes also occur when climbing in altitude. The myriad forms, colors, and textures of this exotic array of plants unfold into an unbelievably beautiful landscape that is indeed an intense experience. Being at the right place at the right time is an important factor in searching for plants. We have rarely returned &om one of our numerous expeditions (See Chronological Synopsis following. ) without being able to report the discovery of a new plant with potential use. Frequently it was found in an area that we had explored time and time again, but it was another season and a difierent time of day.
    [Show full text]
  • Magnolia Ottoi (Magnoliaceae) a New Species from Purulhá, Baja Verapaz, Guatemala: Conservation and Mayan Q’Eqchi ‘ Ethnotaxonomy
    Phytotaxa 455 (3): 187–195 ISSN 1179-3155 (print edition) https://www.mapress.com/j/pt/ PHYTOTAXA Copyright © 2020 Magnolia Press Article ISSN 1179-3163 (online edition) https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.455.3.1 Magnolia ottoi (Magnoliaceae) a new species from Purulhá, Baja Verapaz, Guatemala: conservation and Mayan Q’eqchi ‘ ethnotaxonomy J. ANTONIO VÁZQUEZ GARCÍA1,4*, ERICK TRIBOUILLIER NAVAS2,3,5, FREDY ARCHILA2,3,6 & MARIO ESTEBAN VÉLIZ PÉREZ3,7 1 Herbario IBUG, Laboratorio de Ecosistemática, Instituto de Botánica, Departamento de Botánica y Zoología, Universidad de Guadalajara, Camino Ing. Ramón Padilla Sánchez 2100, Nextipac, Zapopan CP 45221, Jalisco, Mexico. 2 Experimental Station of Orchids of Guatemala, 1 Avenida 5-28 Zona 1, Cobán Alta Verapaz 16001, Guatemala C.A. 3 Herbarium BIGU, Escuela de Biología, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas y Farmacia Universidad de San Carlos de Guatemala, Zona 12, Guatemala City, Guatemala. 4 [email protected]; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8393-5906 5 [email protected]; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5052-0106 6 [email protected]; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7849-4114 7 [email protected]; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3134-2690 * Corresponding author Abstract A new species of Magnolia subsect. Talauma (“jomcoj”), Magnolia ottoi, is described and illustrated. The conservation status of this new species is proposed as critically endangered (CR) according to IUCN criteria. An identification key and a map with the distribution of the new species and other species of Magnolia subsect. Talauma from Guatemala and neighbor- ing areas (Honduras and Chiapas, México) is also presented. Our field research also unveiled the Mayan Q’eqchi’ ancestral taxonomic knowledge which differentiates magnolias of two different subsections, Magnolia and Talauma, based on wood quality and properties.
    [Show full text]
  • Abstract Florística, Vegetación Y Características Geográficas De La Sierra De Chiconquiaco, Veracruz, México Resumen
    MAITE LASCURAIN-RANGEL1*, SERGIO AVENDAÑO-REYES2, MIGUEL CHÁZARO- BASAÑEZ3, DANIEL GEISSERT-KIENTZ4, RAFAEL VILLEGAS-PATRACA5, CÉSAR AUGUSTO GALLO-GÓMEZ5 Y CELSO GUTIÉRREZ-BÁEZ6 Botanical Sciences 95 (4): 610-659, 2017 Abstract Background: Explored botanically from the 19th century, the Sierra de Chiconquiaco is recognized for its large vegetal and topographical heterogeneity. However, the available foristic information is sparse and its geographic DOI: 10.17129/botsci.1111 characteristics remain undefned. The objective of this study was therefore to integrate foristic, vegetal and Received: geographic information in order to identify areas that have experienced foristic exploration as well as potential December 1st, 2016 sites for conservation. Accepted: Question: Under which criteria can the Sierra be geographically delimited? What kind of foristic and vegeta- April 4th, 2017 tional studies have been carried out? How many species of plants have been registered? Which sites have been Associate Editor more widely explored? Which of them have conservation and research potentials? Juan Nuñez Farfán Study site and years of study: Sierra de Chiconquiaco, Veracruz, Mexico, 2010-2014. Methods: A bibliographical and records review of the XAL and MEXU herbariums, works and feld survey were carried out. Through analysis of geomorphological attributes in a geographic information system, the boundar- ies of the Sierra were established, revealing an area of 3,632 km2, featuring 22 municipalities and an altitudinal range of 50 to 3,000 m a.s.l. Results: Seven vegetation types were described, as well as a foristic list of 3,016 species, including 72 type localities, 36 endemics, 57 registered in the NOM-059, 2010 and 195 in the CITES.
    [Show full text]
  • A Case Study of Tree and Shrub Species Richness and Composition in Xalapa Madera Y Bosques, Vol
    Madera y Bosques ISSN: 1405-0471 [email protected] Instituto de Ecología, A.C. México Falfán, Ina; MacGregor-Fors, Ian Woody neotropical streetscapes: a case study of tree and shrub species richness and composition in Xalapa Madera y Bosques, vol. 22, núm. 1, 2016, pp. 95-110 Instituto de Ecología, A.C. Xalapa, México Available in: http://www.redalyc.org/articulo.oa?id=61745707006 How to cite Complete issue Scientific Information System More information about this article Network of Scientific Journals from Latin America, the Caribbean, Spain and Portugal Journal's homepage in redalyc.org Non-profit academic project, developed under the open access initiative Madera y Bosques vol. 22, núm. 1: 95-110 Primavera 2016 Woody neotropical streetscapes: a case study of tree and shrub species richness and composition in Xalapa Paisajes urbanos leñosos en el Neotrópico: Riqueza y composición de especies de árboles y arbustos en Xalapa Ina Falfán1 and Ian MacGregor-Fors1* 1 Red de Ambiente y Sustentabilidad. Instituto de * Corresponding author. [email protected] Ecología, A.C., Veracruz, México. ABSTRACT The urbanization process goes far beyond the replacement of preexisting non-urban systems, transforming the land in such way that represents worrisome ecological threats. In the novel urban systems, original vegetation is removed and/or replaced with a combination of native and exotic species. In this study, our aim was to generate an updated species list of the trees and shrubs that thrive in the street- scape of Xalapa (Veracruz, Mexico), describing their native/exotic ratio. For this, we followed a city-wide approach comprised by a grid of 106 sampling sites.
    [Show full text]
  • Three New Species of Magnolia (Magnoliaceae) from Ecuador
    Arroyo, F. and A.J. Pérez. 2013. Three new species of Magnolia (Magnoliaceae) from Ecuador. Phytoneuron 2013-55: 1–6. Published 12 August 2013. ISSN 2153 733X THREE NEW SPECIES OF MAGNOLIA (MAGNOLIACEAE) FROM ECUADOR FRANK ARROYO Herbarium MOL, Universidad Nacional Agraria La Molina Av. La Universidad s/n, La Molina Lima, Peru [email protected] ÁLVARO J. PÉREZ Department of Biological Sciences, Pontifical Catholic University of Ecuador Quito, Ecuador ABSTRACT Three species of the genus Magnolia from premontane and low montane humid forests of Ecuador are newly described and illustrated: Magnolia palandana F. Arroyo, sp. nov. , M. pastazaensis F. Arroyo & A.J. Pérez, sp. nov. , and M. yantzazana F. Arroyo, sp. nov. KEY WORDS: Magnolia , Magnoliaceae, Ecuador, South America Prior to the present work, only six species of Magnolia were known to occur in Ecuadorian territory (Magnolia dixonii (Little) Govaerts , M. equatorialis A. Vázquez, M. lozanoi A. Vázquez & De Castro, M. neillii (Lozano) Govaerts , M. rimachii (Lozano) Govaerts and M. striatifolia Little) (Lozano 1994; Liesner 1999; Valencia et al. 2000; Vázquez et al. 2012). The majority of those species were reported for lowland rainforests of Amazonian and Coastal Ecuador, with only one ( M. lozanoi ) described from a mountainous habitat. A fifth species listed for Ecuador (Liesner 1999), Magnolia hernandezii (Lozano) Govaerts, is not included above because it was doubtfully determined. Study of collections at herbaria LOJA, QCA, and QCNE resulted in the recognition and description of these new species of Magnolia from premontane and low montane forests of Ecuador. The terminology used in the descriptions follows the work of Lozano (1983, 1994).
    [Show full text]
  • Resumen Magnolia Llanganatensis (Subsect
    J. ANTONIO VÁZQUEZ-GARCÍA1, 4, 5, DAVID A. NEILL2, FAUSTO RECALDE3 Y MERCEDES ASANZA2 Botanical Sciences 94 (3): 593-602, 2016 Resumen Se describe e ilustra Magnolia llanganatensis A.Vázquez & D.A.Neill (Magnoliaceae, Subsect. Talauma), una nueva especie de la región Cordillera de los Llanganates en Ecuador central, cerca del límite entre Tun- DOI: 10.17129/botsci.435 gurahua-Pastaza. Se distingue de todas las especies de Magnolia Subsect. Talauma por tener frutos oligo- cárpicos con sólo (4–)5–6 carpelos y estambres diminutos y elipsoides. Difiere de la especie boliviana M. madidiensis A.Vázquez porque los árboles son de mayor altura; los entrenudos en ramillas terminales son más cortos; hojas más pequeñas con ápice agudo vs. obtuso, mayor número de nervios foliares secundarios por lado, hipsófilos pubescentesvs . glabros; menor número de carpelos y estilos de ápice agudo vs. apicu- lados. La nueva especie únicamente se conoce de la cuenca del río Zuñac de la porción de Tungurahua de la Cordillera de los Llanganates, mientras que M. madidiensis del Parque Nacional Madidi, La Paz, Bolivia. Se incluye una clave actualizada para las especies ecuatorianas de Magnolia. Palabras clave: Cordillera de los Llanganates, Cubenses, Dugandiodendron, Macrophylla, oligocárpicas, oligomerización, Pastaza. Magnolia llanganatensis (Subsect. Talauma, Magnoliaceae), a new species from Tungurahua and a key to species of Magnolia of Ecuador 1 Investigador PROME- Abstract TEO, Universidad Estatal Magnolia llanganatensis A.Vázquez & D.A.Neill (Magnoliaceae, Subsect. Talauma), a new species from Amazónica, Paso lateral, the Cordillera de los Llanganates region of central Ecuador, near the Tungurahua-Pastaza border, is de- vía a Napo Km 2.5, Puyo, scribed and illustrated.
    [Show full text]