Republic of Ministry of Environmental Protection Serbian Environmental Protection Agency

Contaminated sites in the Republic of Serbia (Bor) Dr. Dragana Vidojevic Ministry of Environmental Protection Environmental Protection Agency [email protected] SERBIAN ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY

SEPA performs administration tasks relating to

Development, The Managing of Cooperation regulation and implementation the National Creation of the with the maintenance Managing of the of the national Register of State of the European of the National National air and water Pollution Environment Environment environmental Laboratory quality Sources Reports Agency (EEA) information monitoring and (EIONET) system

Our vision is:

Comprehensive Accurate and Integrated Information Transparent Monitoring System More timely Reporting SERBIAN ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY

ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING NATIONAL REGISTER OF POLLUTION SOURCES

 ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING  PRTR Register; emission to air, water, soil, Water quality: waste management, special waste streams  84 profiles on rivers; 5 lakes; 60 products; CLRTAP and GHG reporting. piezometers; app. 10,000 samples per year app. 250,000 parameters per year. NATIONAL LABORATORY  Air quality  Physical and chemical air, water, sediment  40 automatic stations; 1 mobile station; and soil parameters; Toxicological 158 analyzers+ meteo senzors; parameters; ,245,000 data per year.  Methods:  Pollen:  ICP/MS, GC/MS, LC/MS, LC-QTOF/MS; • 19 stations; monitoring of 24 plant Biological elements of water quality; Quality species. management system ISO/IEC 17025:2006;  Soil Calibration of automatic air quality stations.  Cadaster of contaminated sites; . monitoring programme near industrial sites SERBIAN ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY

REPORTING  Air Quality (real time)  Pollen (weekly)  Surface water (daily reporting stations)  Annual State of the according to the National List of Indicators  Thematic reports (Air quality, Water quality, State of soil, Biodiversity, Waste Streams, Economic Instruments etc.)  Reporting to EEA and to other international organizations

PORTALI Organisation scheme

SERBIAN ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY

Independent Operator -Position for Monitoring and Realization of Public Procurements

SECTOR FOR QUALITY Department for Group for Group for Legal CONTROL AND STATE National Affairs and Human Laboratory Financial Affairs Resources OF THE ENVIRONMENT

Department for Department for Department for Section for Department for Water Quality and Indicators, Reporting the National Inorganic Residual Air Quality Control Sediment and Information Register of Analysis Monitoring System Pollution Sources

Section for Section for Water Section for Section for Air Section for Biological Testing Quality and Industrial and Quality Monitoring Indicators and of Water Sediment Control Communal Reporting Pollution

Section for Water Group for The Section for Group for Quality and Section for the inventory of Organic Residual Monitoring of Sediment Control Information pollutants in the Analysis Allergen Pollen – Novi Sad System air

Group for the Calibration Laboratory AIR QUALITY MONITORING

Serbian Environmental Protection Agency carries out operational air quality monitoring in the national network for air quality monitoring in the Republic of Serbia.

There are four operational AAQMS in aglomeration Bor 2010-2017. daily concentrations SO2 and daily limit value (LV) AIR QUALITY MONITORING

Report on the state of air quality in Serbia is based on available data as defined by the Regulation on the establishment of programs for air quality control in national network (“Off. Gazette RS “No. 58/11) with respect to the Regulation for Air Quality Monitoring and Air Quality Requirements (“Off. Gazette RS" No .11/10, 75/10, 63/13). Effect of sulphur dioxide on the state of air quality is typical characteristic of Bor agglomeration, where it causes excessive air pollution, or III category of air quality.

According to the data from AAQMS in Bor, average daily concentrations in the period 2010-2015 were several times higher than the limit value (125 µg/m3). The highest concentrations were measured at the Gradski Park station. After new smelter started with operational work, the daily concentrations of SO2 during 2016 and 2017 were generaly below the limit value. The air quality in Bor until 2016 was the third category of air pollution-very polluted air, and in 2016 and 2017 it was the first category-clean or slightly polluted air because the mean annual concentrations of SO2 did not exceed the limit value 50 µg/m3 . Surface water quality monitoring

District Municipality Watercourse Measuring point Sampling period Borska Bor no no no Borska Porečka 2005-2016 Borska Dunav 2005-2016 Borska Kladovo Dunav 2005-2016 Borska Dunav 2005-2016 Zaječarska Zaječar Crni Timok Gamzigrad 2005-2011 Zaječarska Zaječar Beli Timok Zaječar 2005-2015 Zaječarska Zaječar Borska Rgotina 2006-2012 Zaječarska Zaječar Timok Čokonjar 2006-2012 Zaječarska Boljevac no no no Braničevska Zagubica no no no Pomoravska Despotovac no no no Water quality indicator Serbian Water Quality Index

Oxygen saturation, BOD5, Ammonium, pH, Total oxidized nitrogen, Orthophosphates, Suspended solids, Water temperature, Electrical conductivity, Coliform bacteria Surface water quality at Bor surrounding

SWQI Period: 2006-2012 Hazardous Priority Substances in watercourse Borska

Calculated Calculated Calculated Calculated Calculated Calculated Calculated Allowed Maximum Maximum average average average average average average average average Hazardous Priority measured value allowed CAS No annual annual annual annual annual annual annual annual Substance (2006 - 2012) concentration concentration concentration concentration concentration concentration concentration concentration concentration (μg/l) (μg/l) 2006 (μg/l) 2007 (μg/l) 2008 (μg/l) 2009 (μg/l) 2010 (μg/l) 2011 (μg/l) 2012 (μg/l) (μg/l) Alachlor CAS_15972-60-8 <0.02 <0.02 <0.01 <0.002 0.3 0.7 Atrazine CAS_1912-24-9 <0.009 <0.009 0.06325 <0.01 <0.02 <0.01 0.0014 0.6 0.122 2 Cadmium (dissolved) CAS_7440-43-9 8.7 5.6 4.3 8 14 7.7 0.25 38.41 1.5 Chlorfenvinphos CAS_470-90-6 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 0.1 0.3 Chlorpyrifos CAS_2921-88-2 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.005 0.03 0.1 Aldrin CAS_309-00-2 <0.001 0.002 <0.001 <0.005 <0.005 0.0075 <0.001 0.01 0.01 Dieldrin CAS_60-57-1 <0.002 0.098 <0.002 <0.005 <0.005 <0.005 <0.002 0.01 0.195 Endrin CAS_72-20-8 <0.002 <0.002 <0.002 <0.005 <0.005 <0.005 <0.005 0.01 0.005 Isodrin CAS_465-73-6 <0.005 <0.005 <0.005 <0.002 0.01 0.005 DDT, p,p' CAS_50-29-3 <0.002 <0.002 <0.002 <0.005 <0.005 <0.005 <0.001 0.01 0.005 Diuron CAS_330-54-1 <0.02 <0.02 <0.01 <0.002 0.2 1.8 Alpha-Endosulfan CAS_959-98-8 <0.005 <0.005 <0.005 <0.005 0.005 0.005 0.01 Beta-Endosulfan CAS_33213-65-9 <0.005 <0.005 <0.005 <0.005 0.005 0.005 0.01 Hexachlorobenzene CAS_118-74-1 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.005 <0.005 <0.005 <0.001 0.005 0.05 Hexachlorobutadiene CAS_87-68-3 <0.001 <0.002 <0.001 0.6 Alpha-HCH CAS_319-84-6 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.005 <0.005 <0.005 <0.001 0.02 0.005 0.04 Beta-HCH CAS_319-85-7 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.005 <0.005 <0.005 <0.001 0.02 0.005 0.04 Gamma-HCH (Lindane) CAS_58-89-9 <0.002 <0.002 <0.002 <0.005 <0.005 <0.005 <0.001 0.02 0.005 0.04 Isoproturon CAS_34123-59-6 <0.02 <0.02 <0.01 <0.001 0.3 1 Octylphenol CAS_140-66-9 <0.05 <0.05 <0.002 <0.001 0.1 0.005 Lead (dissolved) CAS_7439-92-1 11.625 46.1 2.1 3.5 22.5 38.4 1.2 137.5 14 Nickel (dissolved) CAS_7440-02-0 182.5 199.9 289.7 96.1 175.4 154.3 4 920.2 34 4-nonylphenol CAS_104-40-5 <0.1 <0.1 <0.002 <0.001 0.3 2 Pentachlorobenzene CAS_608-93-5 <0.0005 <0.002 <0.001 0.007 Pentachlorophenol CAS_87-86-5 <0.2 <0.2 <0.02 <0.01 0.4 1 PCB 28 CAS_7012-37-5 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 0.001 PCB 52 CAS_35693-99-3 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 PCB 101 CAS_37680-73-2 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 PCB 138 CAS_35065-28-2 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 PCB 153 CAS_35065-27-1 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 PCB 180 CAS_35065-29-3 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 PCB 194 CAS_35694-08-7 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 Simazine CAS_122-34-9 <0.009 <0.009 <0.009 <0.01 <0.02 <0.01 <0.001 1 4 Trifluralin CAS_1582-09-8 <0.03 <0.03 <0.03 <0.001 0.03 0.03 Terbutryn CAS_886-50-0 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.001 0.065 0.34 Other Substances in watercourse Borska

Calculated Calculated Calculated Calculated Calculated Calculated Calculated Allowed Maximum Maximum average average average average average average average average measured value allowed Substance CAS No annual annual annual annual annual annual annual annual (2006 - 2012) concentration concentration concentration concentration concentration concentration concentration concentration concentration (μg/l) (μg/l) 2006 (μg/l) 2007 (μg/l) 2008 (μg/l) 2009 (μg/l) 2010 (μg/l) 2011 (μg/l) 2012 (μg/l) (μg/l) Iron (dissolved) CAS_7439-89-6 387.5 623 435 906 17220 2941 54120 Manganese (dissolved) CAS_7439-96-5 3738 3213 3361 3419 3220 1967 6740 Zinc (dissolved) CAS_7440-66-6 43 1304 438 1066 1049 400 2820 Copper (dissolved) CAS_7440-50-8 14626 7048 1023 4978 7763 2565 30650 Chromium (dissolved) CAS_7440-47-3 1.125 <0.1 0.469 0.73 1.658 0.692 14.5 Mercury (dissolved) CAS_7439-97-6 0.9875 <0.1 0.12 <0.1 0.1 0.07 1.6 Aluminium (dissolved) CAS_7429-90-5 4672 937 23960 Arsenic (dissolved) CAS_7440-38-2 1.375 1.73 1.175 1.57 2 1.8 4.8 Article 34 Law on Soil Protection (2015)

Cadastre of contaminated sites is:

 A database of polluted, endangered and degraded soils.

 An integral part of the Environmental Protection Information System administered by the Environmental Protection Agency.

 State organizations, local authorities, and polluters are obliged to provide information about the quality and state of the soil to the Environmental Protection Agency.

 Draft of by-law for reporting Cadaster of contaminated sites

 The Cadaster provide systemized data on pollution sources such as type, amount, manner and place of discharge of pollutants into the soil, so the measures of prevention, rehabilitation and remediation can be implemented.  Data for Cadaster is collected from Local Governments and industry's based on the Questionnaire for Identification of Contaminated Sites with the instruction for completing.

There are two technical guidelines for identification, addressing and remediation of industrial environmental hotspots:

1. Questionnaire for identification of contaminated sites. 2. By low - with criteria for the assessment of the status of highly threatened environment and setting priorities for restoration and remediation (Official Gazette of RS, No. 22/2010). Cadaster of contaminated sites

In the territory of the Republic of Serbia, 709 potentially contaminated and contaminated sites were identified and recorded in the Cadaster, of which 557 sites are registered and 152 are estimated.

 Out of 709 sites, 478 are in need of investigation or still to be investigated and 103 are currently under investigation.

 41 sites are in the process of rehabilitation, rehabilitation and remediation (recultivation) are completed on 52 sites where after-care measures are currently being applied.

 Sites such as former military sites, petrol and filling stations, dry cleaners, waste water treatment installations and pipelines for the transport of dangerous substances are not included in Cadaster Cadaster of contaminated sites

The largest share in the total number of sites have municipal waste landfills with 31.17%. (2016) UN Environment/GEF project

Enhanced Cross-sectoral Land Management through Land Use Pressure Reduction and Planning

• Project Duration: October 2015 –October 2018 (36 months) • Project budget (GEF grant): 661,644 USD, co-financed by the Italian Ministry of Environment, Land and Sea • Executed by UN Environment Vienna Programme Office in close cooperation with Ministry of Environmental Protection and Serbian Environmental Protection Agency • The project aims at providing lacking methodologies, knowledge and coordination mechanisms for sustainable and integrated management of soil as a natural resource. SEPA - Recent activities in upgrading of Cadaster and management of contaminated sites (UN Environment Project)

• Field missions and soil sampling in 37 industrial prioritiy sites in 2016-2017 with the purpose to: confirm status of the sites, identify receptors of pollution and potential exposure routes, and prepare and elaborate sampling programs.

• Application of Preliminary Risk Assessment Model for the identification and assessment of problem areas for Soil contamination in Europe - PRA.MS

• SEPA National Laboratory increase capacity for Soil Sampling and Soil analysis

• Development of Characterisation Plans for abandoned chemical industries in Sabac and Loznica

• Development of the Contaminated Sites module – an upgrade to SEPA’s Environmental Information System Industrial contaminated prioritiy sites Data collection

• Data and information collected from previous studies and though numerous consultations  previous land use,  type of industry,  surface area,  type and quantity of hazardous substances at and surrounding the location,  soil and groundwater quality,  geological and pedologicalmaps, situation plan, and where avalable- hydrological features Project support to Management of Contaminated Sites in Serbia

 Multidisciplinary Expert Working Group for identification, assessment and prioritization of potentially contaminated sites established in 2016

Serbian Environmental Ministry of Environmental Protection Protection Agency (SEPA)

Provincial Secretariat for Urbanism and Environmental Protection Republic HydrometeorologicalService of Serbia

Geological Survey of Serbia Institute for Field and Vegetable Crops in Novi Sad

Institute of Soil Science Belgrade Public Health Institute Belgrade . Monitoring and reporting on Contaminated Sites (with support of Italian expert institutions, funded by Italian Ministry of Environment, Land and Sea - IMELS) Soil sampling in Bor – SEPA (2012)

No LV or RV exceeded

LV – limit values RV-remediation values

LV (Cu)

RV (Cu) LV (Ni, As) Soil sampling in Bor – UN Environment/GEF project 2017

LV – limit values RV-remediation values

RV (As, Cu) LV (Ni, Pb, Zn)

RV (As, Cu) LV (Pb) RV (As, Cu) RV (As, Cu) Soil sampling in Bor – UN Environment/GEF project 2017.

Conclusions

 The Republic of Serbia does not have a national programme specifically developed for dealing with contaminated sites.

 Out of 709 sites, 478 are in need of investigation or still to be investigated and 103 are currently under investigation.

 41 sites are in the process of rehabilitation.

 There is a need to carry out a risk assessment on a certain number of contaminated sites.

 Bor – first pilot site. Thank you!