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Home , Gregory of Nyssa, John Meyendorff, Maximus the Confessor, Peter Abelard

MARQUETTE

HISTORY OF

VOLUME I:

FROM THE PRIMITIVE TO 1350

Edited by Patrick Carey

In Collaboration With Michel René Barnes Alexander Golitzin Mickey Mattox Marcus Wriedt Schultenover Wanda Zemler-Cizewski 1

CONTENTS

SECTION I: FROM THE TO CHALCEDON, 100-500 Ignatius of ...... 1 To the Ephesians ...... 2 , “To the Ephesians,” in The Apostolic Fathers, ed. J. R. Harmer (London: Macmillan and Co., Limited, 1898), 137–42. ...... 7 Adversus Marcionem ...... 8 Tertullian, Adversus Marcionem, Books 1–3, ed. and trans. Ernest Evans (Oxford: The Clarendon Press, 1972), 3–85. Rules of ...... 37 John H. Leith, ed., Creeds of the Churches, 3rd ed. (Atlanta: John Knox Press, 1982), 20–22. ...... 39 On First Principles ...... 42 Origen, On First Principles, trans. G. W. Butterworth, intro. (: Harper & Row, 1966), 15–28. Nicaea (325) ...... 54 The Creed of Nicaea ...... 55 John H. Leith, ed., Creeds of the Churches, 3rd ed. (Atlanta: John Knox Press, 1982), 28–31. Gregory of ...... 56 On Perfection ...... 60 Introduction ...... 60 The Text ...... 61 : Ascetical Works, trans. Virginia Woods Callahan, The Fathers of the Church Series, vol. 58 (Washington, D.C.: The University of America Press, 1967), 93–122. Constantinopole (381) ...... 75 The Constantinopolitan Creed ...... 76 John H. Leith, ed., Creeds of the Churches, 3rd ed.(Atlanta: John Knox Press, 1982), 31–33. ...... 77 First Sermon Against the ...... 78 Richard A. Norris, trans. and ed., The Christological Controversy (Philadelphia: Fortress Press, 1980), 123–31. ...... 84 Second Letter to Nestorius ...... 86 Richard A. Norris, trans. and ed., The Christological Controversy (Philadelphia: Fortress Press, 1980), 131–35. , the Great ...... 89 Letter to Flavian of ...... 90 Richard A. Norris, trans. and ed., The Christological Controversy (Philadelphia: Fortress Press, 1980), 145–55. Chalcedon (451) ...... 96 The Definition of Chalcedon ...... 97 John H. Leith, ed., Creeds of the Churches: A in Christian from the Bible to the Present, 3rd ed. (Atlanta: John Knox Press, 1982), 34–36. 2

SECTION II: THE BYZANTINE CHURCH Pseudo-Dionysius ...... 98 The ...... 100 Pseudo-Dionysius: The Complete Works, trans. Colm Luibheid, The of Western Spirituality Series (New York: Paulist Press, 1987), 133–41. The Celestial Hierarchy ...... 107 Pseudo-Dionysius: The Complete Works, trans. Colm Luibheid, The Classics of Western Spirituality Series (New York: Paulist Press, 1987), 143–47, 153–55. Constantinople (681) ...... 111 The Statement of Faith of the Third Council of Constantinople ...... 111 John H. Leith, ed., Creeds of the Churches, 3rd ed. (Atlanta: John Knox Press, 1982), 50–53. ...... 113 Commentary on the Our Father ...... 115 Maximus Confessor: Selected Writings, trans. George C. Berthold, The Classics of Western Spirituality Series (New York: Paulist Press, 1985), 101–125. Justinian ...... 138 The Edict on the True Faith ...... 138 Introduction ...... 138 The Text ...... 139 Kenneth P. Wesche, trans., On the Person of Christ: The of Emperor Justinian (Crestwood, NY: St. Vladimir’s Seminary Press, 1991), 161–85. ...... 154 First Apology of Saint John of Damascus Against Those Who Attack the Divine Images ...... 155 St. John of Damascus, On the Divine Images: Three Apologies Against Those Who Attack the Divine Images, trans. David Anderson (Crestwood, NY: St. Vladimir’s Seminary Press, 1980), 13–33. Nicaea (787) ...... 166 John H. Leith, ed., Creeds of the Churches, 3rd ed. (Atlanta: John Knox Press, 1982), 55–56. Symeon the New Theologian ...... 167 Third Ethical Discourse ...... 168 Introduction ...... 168 The Text ...... 169 Symeon the New Theologian, “Third Ethical Discourse,” trans. Alexander Golitzin (Marquette University, 1992). Gregory II of Cyprus ...... 183 The Tomus of 1285 ...... 183 Introduction ...... 183 The Text ...... 186 Aristeides Papadakis, Crisis in Byzantium: The Controversy in the of Gregory II of Cyprus (1283–1289) (New York: Press, 1983), 153–67. 3

Gregory Palamas ...... 200 as Positive Experience ...... 201 : The Triads, ed. , trans. Nicholas Gendle, The Classics of Western Spirituality Series (New York: Paulist Press, 1983), 31–40, 121–24. Deification in Christ ...... 211 Gregory Palamas: The Triads, ed. John Meyendorff, trans. Nicholas Gendle, The Classics of Western Spirituality Series (New York: Paulist Press, 1983), 57–69, 131–37.

SECTION III: MEDIEVAL THEOLOGY, 400-1350 Augustine ...... 225 Confessions ...... 228 Saint Augustine, Confessions, trans. Henry Chadwick (New York: Oxford University Press, 1991), 111–32. Christian Instruction ...... 243 St. Augustine “De doctrina Christiana (On Christian Doctrine),” trans. John J. Gavigan, O.S.A., Fathers of the Church Series, vol. 2, The Writings of Saint Augustine, vol. 4 (New York: CIMA Publishing Co., Inc., l947), 19–60. Sermon 52 ...... 263 Sermons (51–94) on the , trans. and notes Edmund Hill, ed. John E. Rotelle, vol. 3, The Works of Saint Augustine: A translation for the 21st century (New York: New City Press, 1991), 50–65. Orange (529) ...... 278 The Council of Orange ...... 278 John H. Leith, ed., Creeds of the Churches, 3rd ed. (Atlanta: John Knox Press, 1982), 37–45. Ratramnus of Corbie ...... 283 Christ’s Body and Blood ...... 284 Introduction ...... 284 The Text ...... 290 “Ratramnus of Corbie, Christ’s Body and Blood,” in Early Medieval Theology, trans. and ed. George E. McCracken, The Library of Christian Classics, vol. 9 (Philadelphia: The Westminster Press, 1957), 109–47. Lateran (1215) ...... 314 Fourth Lateran Council ...... 314 John H. Leith, ed., Creeds of the Churches, 3rd ed. (Atlanta: John Knox Press, 1982), 56–59. ...... 317 Proslogion ...... 320 Anselm of Canterbury, “Proslogion,” in A Scholastic Miscellany: Anselm to Ockham, ed. and trans. Eugene R. Fairweather, The Library of Christian Classics (Philadelphia: The Westminster Press, 1956), 69–93. ...... 338 Prologue to the Sic et non ...... 341 Alastair J. Minnis and A. Brian Scott, ed. Medieval Literary Theory and Criticism, c. 1100–c. 1375: The Commentary-Tradition (Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1988), 87–100. Tr. from Peter Abailard: Sic et non, fasc. i, ed. Blanche B. Boyer and Richard McKeon, pp. 89–104. 4

Hugh of St. Victor ...... 354 The Didascalicon ...... 355 The Didascalicon of Hugh of St. Victor: A Medieval Guide to the Arts, trans. Taylor (New York: Press, 1961), 135–51, 222–25. ...... 369 Prologue to The Breviloquium ...... 372 The Works of Bonaventure: Cardinal, Seraphic Doctor and Saint, vol. 2, trans. José de Vinck (Paterson, NJ: St. Anthony Guild Press, 1963), 1–22. ...... 384 Theologiae: Part I. Question 1, Articles 1-10 ...... 387 Nature and Grace: Selections from the of Thomas Aquinas, trans. and ed. Alan M. Fairweather, The Library of Christian Classics, vol. 11 (Philadelphia: The Westminster Press, 1954), 35–49. Summa Theologiae: Part III. Prologue; Question 1, Article 3 ...... 399 St. Thomas Aquinas, Summa theologica, First Complete American Edition, vol. 2., trans. Fathers of the English Dominican Province (New York: Benziger Brothers, Inc., 1947), 2025, 2028–2029. John ...... 402 Concerning the of Christ ...... 405 John Duns Scotus, “Concerning the Predestination of Christ,” in Franciscan Christology: Selected Texts, Translations and Essays, ed. Damian McElrath, Franciscan Sources, no. 1 (St. Bonaventure, NY: The Franciscan Institute of St. Bonaventure University, 1980), 147–82.

LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS ...... 410

ANCIENT AND TEXTS ...... 415

SCRIPTURAL INDEX ...... 419