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An Industry-Based Study on the Efficiency Benefits of Utilising Public Cloud Infrastructure and Infrastructure As Code Tools in the IT Environment Creation Process

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An Industry-Based Study on the Efficiency Benefits of Utilising Public Cloud Infrastructure and Infrastructure As Code Tools in the IT Environment Creation Process Munster Technological University SWORD - South West Open Research Deposit Masters Science 5-2018 An Industry-Based Study on the Efficiency Benefits of Utilising Public Cloud Infrastructure and Infrastructure as Code Tools in the IT Environment Creation Process Shane Callanan Department of Computer Science, Cork Institute of Technology Follow this and additional works at: https://sword.cit.ie/scimas Part of the OS and Networks Commons Recommended Citation Callanan, Shane, "An Industry-Based Study on the Efficiency Benefits of Utilising Public Cloud Infrastructure and Infrastructure as Code Tools in the IT Environment Creation Process" (2018). Masters [online]. Available at: https://sword.cit.ie/scimas/5 This Master Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by the Science at SWORD - South West Open Research Deposit. It has been accepted for inclusion in Masters by an authorized administrator of SWORD - South West Open Research Deposit. For more information, please contact [email protected]. An industry-based study on the efficiency benefits of utilising public cloud infrastructure and infrastructure as code tools in the IT environment creation process by Shane Callanan This thesis has been submitted in fulfilment for the degree of Masters of Science in Cloud Computing in the Department of Computer Science Cork Institute of Technology May 2018 This thesis is dedicated to Orla Leahy Declaration I, Shane Callanan, declare that this thesis titled, ‘An industry-based study on the efficiency benefits of utilising public cloud infrastructure and infrastructure as code tools in the IT environment creation process’ and the work presented in it are my own. I confirm that: This work done wholly or mainly while in candidature for a postgraduate master’s degree at Cork Institute of Technology. Where any part of this thesis has previously been submitted for a degree or any other qualification at Cork Institute of Technology of any other institution, this has been clearly state. Where I have consulted the published work of others, this is always clearly attributed. Where I have quoted from the work of others, the source is always given. With the exception of such quotations, this project report is entirely my own work. I have acknowledged all main sources of help. Where the thesis is based on work done by myself jointly with others, I have made clear exactly what was done by others and what I have contributed myself. Signed:______________________________________________________________ Date:________________________________________________________________ i Abstract The traditional approaches to IT infrastructure management typically involve the procuring, housing and running of company-owned and maintained physical servers. In recent years, alternative solutions to IT infrastructure management based on public cloud technologies have emerged. Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS), also known as public cloud infrastructure, allows for the on-demand provisioning of IT infrastructure resources via the Internet. Cloud Service Providers (CSP) such as Amazon Web Services (AWS) offer integration of their cloud-based infrastructure with Infrastructure as Code (IaC) tools. These tools allow for the entire configuration of public cloud based infrastructure to be scripted out and defined as code. This thesis hypothesises that the correct utilization of IaaS and IaC can offer an organisation a more efficient type of IT infrastructure creation system than that of the organisations traditional method. To investigate this claim, an industry-based case study and survey questionnaire were carried out as part of this body of work. The case study involved the replacement of a manually managed IT infrastructure with that of the public cloud, the creation of which was automated via a framework consisting of IaC and related automation tools. The survey questionnaire was created with the intent to corroborate or refute the results obtained in the case study in the context of a wider audience of organisations. The results show that the correct utilization of IaaS and IaC technologies can provide greater efficiency in the management of IT networks than the traditional approach. ii Acknowledgements Firstly, I would like to thank Eoin O’Regan and Dr. Donna O’Shea for their ceaseless assistance as my academic supervisors. I would like to acknowledge the time they have dedicated to review and evaluate my work over the course of the last two years. Secondly, I would like to thank Tomasz Serafinski for encouraging me to expand my horizons past the work place and into the world of academia. Thirdly, I would like to thank Declan Chambers, Mike Kissane, Tomasz Marciniszyn, Sean Barry, and all of my work colleagues for the advice and counsel they have given me during the course of this masters. Lastly, I would like to thank my employer, Aspen Grove Solutions, for the opportunity to conduct this research. iii TABLE OF CONTENTS Declaration.... ......................................................................................................... i Abstract…….. ....................................................................................................... ii Acknowledgements ............................................................................................... iii List of Figures………………………………………………………………………….. vii List of Tables ....................................................................................................... xi Chapter 1. Introduction ...................................................................................... 1 1.1 Motivation ............................................................................................... 4 1.2 Research Aim .......................................................................................... 5 1.3 Research Objectives ................................................................................. 5 1.4 Contribution ............................................................................................ 7 1.5 Methodology ............................................................................................ 8 1.6 Research Delimitation ............................................................................ 11 Chapter 2. Background and Literature Review .................................................. 12 2.1 Cloud Computing ................................................................................... 12 2.1.1 Cloud Computing History ................................................................ 12 2.1.2 Modern Cloud Computing Definition ............................................... 16 2.1.3 Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS) Benefits ....................................... 19 2.1.4 Infrastructure as a Service Risks ...................................................... 22 2.2 Cloud Service Provider Comparison ....................................................... 27 2.2.1 Amazon EC2 ................................................................................... 27 iv 2.2.2 Azure Virtual Machines ................................................................... 29 2.2.3 Google Compute Engine .................................................................. 31 2.2.4 Availability Comparison .................................................................. 33 2.2.5 Instance Price Comparison .............................................................. 34 2.2.6 Security .......................................................................................... 36 2.2.7 Results ............................................................................................ 37 2.3 Infrastructure as Code ............................................................................ 37 2.3.1 Infrastructure as Code Benefits ........................................................ 43 2.3.2 Infrastructure as Code Risks ............................................................ 46 2.4 Infrastructure as Code and Infrastructure as a Service ............................. 47 2.5 State of the Art in Infrastructure as a Service Migration .......................... 48 2.6 Conclusion ............................................................................................. 53 Chapter 3. Design and Implementation ............................................................ 56 3.1 Case Study ............................................................................................. 56 3.1.1 Exploratory Phase ........................................................................... 57 3.1.2 Project Planning Phase .................................................................... 59 3.1.3 Functional Requirements ................................................................. 63 3.1.4 Non-Functional Requirements ......................................................... 63 3.2 Framework Architecture ......................................................................... 64 3.2.1 The Build Server ............................................................................. 65 3.2.2 API Components ............................................................................. 65 3.2.3 Framework Builds ........................................................................... 67 3.2.4 Framework Prerequisites ................................................................. 71 3.2.5 Summary......................................................................................... 72 3.3 Technologies Used ................................................................................
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