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US 2009.0053736A1 (19) United States (12) Patent Application Publication (10) Pub. No.: US 2009/0053736A1 Mattingly et al. (43) Pub. Date: Feb. 26, 2009 (54) HOMOGENEOUS CHEMILUMINESCENT (21) Appl. No.: 11/842,890 MMUNOASSAY FOR ANALYSIS OF RON METALLOPROTEINS (22) Filed: Aug. 21, 2007 (76) Inventors: Phillip G. Mattingly, Third Lake, Publication Classification SS Missy, (51) Int. Cl. Brashear, Mundelein, IL (US) GOIN 33/573 (2006.01) (52) U.S. Cl. ......................................................... 435/7.4 Correspondence Address: Robert DeBerardine (57) ABSTRACT D-377/AP6A-1 Abbott Laboratories, 100 Abbott Park Road The present invention relates to assays and kits for detecting Abbott Park, IL 60064-6008 (US) or quantifying iron metalloprotein in test samples. US 2009/0053736A1 Feb. 26, 2009 HOMOGENEOUS CHEMILUMNESCENT 0008 a) adding an acridinium-9-carboxamide-antibody IMMUNOASSAY FOR ANALYSIS OF RON conjugate to a test sample, wherein the antibody specifically METALLOPROTEINS binds the iron metalloprotein; 0009 b) generating in or providing to the test sample a RELATED APPLICATION INFORMATION source of hydrogen peroxide before or after the addition of an acridinium-9-carboxamide-antibody conjugate; 0001. None. 0010 c) adding a basic solution to the test sample togen erate a light signal; and FIELD OF THE INVENTION 00.11 d) measuring the light generated to detect the iron 0002 The present invention relates to assays and kits for metalloprotein. detecting or quantifying an iron metalloprotein in a test 0012. The test sample used in the above-described method sample. can be whole blood, serum, plasma, interstitial fluid, saliva, ocular lens fluid, cerebral spinal fluid, Sweat, urine, milk, ascites fluid, mucous, nasal fluid, sputum, synovial fluid, BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION peritoneal fluid, vaginal fluid, menses, amniotic fluid or 0003. One-third of all proteins are “metalloproteins”. semen. The iron metalloprotein detected in the above-de Metalloproteins are chemical combinations of proteins with scribed method can be selected from the group consisting of ions of metal Such as iron, calcium, copper and zinc. Iron myeloperoxidase, ferritin, transferrin, lactoperoxidase, lacto metalloproteins, for example, comprise combinations of pro ferrin, ferredoxin, frataxin, divalent metal transporter 1, myo teins with ions of iron. The metal ions in metalloproteins are inositol oxygenase, rubrerythrin, thyroid peroxidase, meth critical to the protein's function, structure, or stability. In fact, emoglobin and hemoglobin. numerous essential biological functions require metal ions, 0013. In the above-described method, the source of hydro and most of these metal ions functions involve metallopro gen peroxide can be provided by adding a buffer or a solution teins. containing hydrogen peroxide. Alternatively, the hydrogen 0004 Iron metalloproteins may be classified as heme-pro peroxide is generated by adding a hydrogen peroxide gener teins or non-heme proteins, as described in Sykes, A.G., and ating enzyme to the test sample. Mauk, G., eds. Heme-Fe Proteins Advances in Inorganic 0014. In the above-described method, the acridinium-9- Chemistry. Vol. 51: Academic Press, 2000 or Messerschmidt, carboxamide-antibody conjugate is prepared from an acri A., et al., eds. Handbook of Metalloproteins, pages 3-864 dinium-9-carboxamide having a structure according to for (Wiley, 2004). As alluded to above, iron metalloproteins are mula I: involved in a number of important biological functions. For example, it is known that the heme-protein, myeloperoxidase is secreted by white blood cells. White blood cells are also known to generate hydrogen peroxide. In the presence of xe hydrogen peroxide, myeloperoxidase catalyzes the oxidation R3 i R7 of chloride to hypochlorous acid (HOCl). HOCl is a potent R 0 R8 cytotoxin for bacteria, viruses and fungi. The generation of HOCl by white blood cells plays a key role in host defenses against invading pathogens. R5 2n O R9 0005. However, while iron metalloproteins play important roles in a number of biological functions, many iron metal R6 R10 loproteins are also known to cause oxidative injury resulting in tissue damage in disorders ranging from arthritis to O NSOR ischemia reperfusion injury to cancer. For example, an elevated level of myeloperoxidase in subjects with cardiovas R! 5 R1 cular disease has been associated with arterial inflammation. A number of studies have linked arterial inflammation with an increased risk of cardiovascular events. Decreased levels of R 14 R12 frataxin are associated with Friedreich's ataxia, an autosomal R13 cardio- and neurodegenerative disorder that affects 1 in 50,000 humans. Eosinophil peroxidase has been implicated in promoting oxidative tissue damage in a variety of inflam (0.015 wherein R' and R are each independently Selected from the group consisting of alkyl, alkenyl, matory conditions, including asthma. Increased levels of alkynyl, aryl or aralkyl, Sulfoalkyl, carboxyalkyl and lactoferrin are found in a number of inflammatory conditions, OXoalkyl, and Such as inflammatory bowel disease. I0016 wherein R through R" are each independently 0006. Therefore, there is a need in the art for new methods Selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, alkyl, of detecting the amount of iron metalloproteins in a test alkenyl, alkynyl, aryl or aralkyl, amino, amido, acyl, sample. alkoxyl, hydroxyl, carboxyl, halogen, halide, nitro, cyano, Sulfo, Sul SUMMARY OF THE PRESENT INVENTION foalkyl, carboxyalkyl and oxoalkyl; and 0007. In one embodiment, the present invention relates to I0017 optionally, if present, X is an anion. a method of detecting an iron metalloprotein in a test sample. 0018. The antibody that can be used as part of the conju The method comprises the steps of: gate can be a polyclonal antibody, a monoclonal antibody, a US 2009/0053736A1 Feb. 26, 2009 chimeric antibody, a human antibody, a humanized antibody, 0034 c. at least one basic solution; a recombinant antibody, a single-chain Fv, an affinity matu 0035 d. a means of generating hydrogen peroxide in rated antibody, a single chain antibody, a single domain anti situ in the test sample; and body, a Fab fragment, a F(ab') fragment, a disulfide-linked Fv, an anti-idiotypic antibody and a functionally active epitope 0.036 e. instructions for detecting an iron metallopro binding fragment of any of the above. tein in a test sample. 0019. Additionally, the above method further optionally 0037. The at least one acridinium-9-carboxamide in the comprises quantifying the amount of iron metalloprotein in above kit can have a structure according to formula I: the test sample by relating the amount of light generated in the test sample by comparison to a standard curve for said iron metalloprotein. Also, optionally, the standard curve can be generated from Solutions of an ironmetalloprotein of a known xe concentration. R3 i R7 0020. In another embodiment, the present invention relates to a kit for use in detecting an iron metalloprotein in a R © R8 test sample. The kit can comprise: 0021 a. at least one acridinium-9-carboxamide: n O 0022 b. at least one antibody that specifically binds the R5 2 R9 iron metalloprotein; 0023 c. at least one basic solution; R6 R10 0024 d. a source of hydrogen peroxide; and 0025 e. instructions for detecting an iron metallopro O NSOR tein in a test sample. R R11 0026. The at least one acridinium-9-carboxamide in the above kit can have a structure according to formula I: R 14 R12 xe R13 R3 R7 R d R8 0038 wherein R' and R are each independently Selected from the group consisting of alkyl, alkenyl, n O alkynyl, aryl or aralkyl, Sulfoalkyl, carboxyalkyl and R5 2 R9 OXoalkyl, and R6 R10 0.039 wherein R through R" are each independently Selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, alkyl, O NSOR alkenyl, alkynyl, aryl or aralkyl, amino, amido, acyl, alkoxyl, R R11 hydroxyl, carboxyl, halogen, halide, nitro, cyano, Sulfo, Sul foalkyl, carboxyalkyl and oxoalkyl; and 10040 optionally, if present, X is an anion. R 14 R12 0041. The above-described kit can further comprise R13 instructions for generating hydrogen peroxide in situ in the test sample. 0027 wherein R' and R are each independently 0042 Additionally, the means for generating hydrogen Selected from the group consisting of alkyl, alkenyl, peroxide in situ in the test sample contained in the kit can be alkynyl, aryl or aralkyl, Sulfoalkyl, carboxyalkyl and at least one hydrogen peroxide generating enzyme. The at oXoalkyl, and least one hydrogen peroxide generating enzyme can be (0028 wherein R through R" are each independently selected from the group consisting of (R)-6-hydroxynicotine Selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, alkyl, oxidase, (S)-2-hydroxy acid oxidase, (S)-6-hydroxynicotine alkenyl, alkynyl, aryl or aralkyl, amino, amido, acyl, oxidase, 3-aci-nitropropanoate oxidase, 3-hydroxyanthra alkoxyl, nilate oxidase, 4-hydroxymandelate oxidase, 6-hydroxynico hydroxyl, carboxyl, halogen, halide, nitro, cyano, Sulfo, Sul tinate dehydrogenase, abscisic-aldehyde oxidase, acyl-CoA foalkyl, carboxyalkyl and oxoalkyl; and oxidase, alcohol oxidase, aldehyde oxidase, amine oxidase, (0029) optionally, if present, X is an anion. amine oxidase (copper-containing), amine oxidase (flavin 0030 The source of hydrogen peroxide in the above-de containing), aryl-alcohol oxidase, aryl-aldehyde oxidase, cat scribed kit can be a buffer or a solution containing hydrogen echol oxidase, cholesterol oxidase, choline oxidase, colum peroxide. bamine oxidase, cyclohexylamine oxidase, cytochrome c 0031. In another embodiment, the present invention oxidase, D-amino-acid oxidase, D-arabinono-1.4-lactone relates to another kit for use in detecting oxidase, D-arabinono-1,4-lactone oxidase, D-aspartate oxi an iron metalloprotein in a test sample. The kit can comprise: dase, D-glutamate oxidase, D-glutamate(D-aspartate) oxi 0032 a. at least one acridinium-9-carboxamide: dase, dihydrobenzophenanthridine oxidase, dihydroorotate 0033 b. at least one antibody that specifically binds the oxidase, dihydrouracil oxidase, dimethylglycine oxidase, iron metalloprotein; D-mannitol oxidase, ecdysone oxidase, ethanolamine oxi US 2009/0053736A1 Feb.
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  • Amino Acid Catabolism by Ribbed Mussel (Modiolus Demissus) Gill Tissue: Studies on Isolated Mitochondria and the L-Amino Acid Oxidase James M

    Amino Acid Catabolism by Ribbed Mussel (Modiolus Demissus) Gill Tissue: Studies on Isolated Mitochondria and the L-Amino Acid Oxidase James M

    Iowa State University Capstones, Theses and Retrospective Theses and Dissertations Dissertations 1983 Amino acid catabolism by ribbed mussel (Modiolus demissus) gill tissue: studies on isolated mitochondria and the L-amino acid oxidase James M. Burcham Iowa State University Follow this and additional works at: https://lib.dr.iastate.edu/rtd Part of the Agriculture Commons, Aquaculture and Fisheries Commons, and the Zoology Commons Recommended Citation Burcham, James M., "Amino acid catabolism by ribbed mussel (Modiolus demissus) gill tissue: studies on isolated mitochondria and the L-amino acid oxidase " (1983). Retrospective Theses and Dissertations. 8456. https://lib.dr.iastate.edu/rtd/8456 This Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by the Iowa State University Capstones, Theses and Dissertations at Iowa State University Digital Repository. It has been accepted for inclusion in Retrospective Theses and Dissertations by an authorized administrator of Iowa State University Digital Repository. For more information, please contact [email protected]. INFORMATION TO USERS This reproduction was made from a copy of a document sent to us for microfilming. While the most advanced technology has been used to photograph and reproduce this document, the quality of the reproduction is heavily dependent upon the quality of the material submitted. The following explanation of techniques is provided to help clarify markings or notations which may appear on this reproduction. 1.The sign or "target" for pages apparently lacking from the document photographed is "Missing Page(s)". If it was possible to obtain the missing page(s) or section, they are spliced into the film along with adjacent pages.