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Housing Policy in the Great Society, Part Three
Joint Center for Housing Studies Harvard University Calling Upon the Genius: Housing Policy in the Great Society, Part Three Alexander von Hoffman March 2010 W10-6 The research for this paper was conducted with the support of the John D. and Catherine T. MacArthur Foundation and the Ford Foundation © 2010 by Alexander von Hoffman. All rights reserved. Short sections of text, not to exceed two paragraphs, may be quoted without explicit permission provided that full credit, including © notice, is given to the source. Any opinions expressed are those of the author and not those of the Joint Center for Housing Studies of Harvard University or of any of the persons or organizations providing support to the Joint Center for Housing Studies. “We should call upon the genius of private industry...to help rebuild our great cities.” Lyndon B. Johnson, Special Message to the Congress on Housing and Community Development, January 27th, 1964. Introduction The final years of the Lyndon Johnson’s Great Society administration were anything but quiet. Punctuated by riots and assassinations, events seemed to bring America to the brink of chaos. In the midst of national anxieties over the Viet Nam war, civil rights, riots, and the rising cost of living, LBJ brought his housing and urban policy to a rousing crescendo. In 1968, the year Johnson withdrew from the presidential race and seemingly rendered himself the lamest of lame ducks, this master of passing legislation nonetheless managed to achieve two mammoth housing laws. The first, a part of the Civil Rights Act of 1968, which Johnson signed in April of that year in the aftermath of the slaying of Dr. -
Presidential Files; Folder: 9/25/78 [2]; Container 92
9/25/78 [2] Folder Citation: Collection: Office of Staff Secretary; Series: Presidential Files; Folder: 9/25/78 [2]; Container 92 To See Complete Finding Aid: http://www.jimmycarterlibrary.gov/library/findingaids/Staff_Secretary.pdf WITHDRAWAL SHEET (PRESIDENTIAL LIBRARIES) FORM OF CORRESPONDENTS OR TiTLE DAliE RESTRICTION DOCUMENT Memo Harold Brown to Pres. Carter, w/attachments 4 pp., ·r!=!:Defense Summary 9/22/78 A , ' Cabinet Summari. s Andrew Ypung to Pres. Carter~ 1 pg., re:UN activities 9/15/78 9/22/78 A Capinet' Summa:ri s Cal.ifq:no . to Pres. Carter, 3 pp. , re: Personnel "changes 9/22/7.$ c .:~ 0 '· i ~"d. 'I ".'' ' a ~~~·.0 .:t'' '~ ,, 11 , .. "~ •) •· ·~· ',,• \:l,. ,j; ~··~-·< ·-·... • 1 ' .} "I. " 1~ •: , dJ~ ·, '0 ·., " ~ ~r-~ 1\ ~ '·;P. , .. " . ,, ~ 1 , .. ··~ ·:. •·,· '"" <':'• :..·) .,0 / ~ ;w . • '' .• ~ U',• "·',, If' ~' • ·~ ~ ~· • ~ c , " ill" : " ,·, "''t> ''., ' : "."" ~:~~.,,~ . .. r " ·i ' '· ·: ., .~.~ ' 1. ~. ' , .. ;, ~, (• '• ·f." J '',j> '~~'!, ~' -o," :~ ~ ~ e' . " ' ~ ,· J ', I I. FIWE LOCATION Carter Presidenti,al Pap.ers-Staff Offices, Office .of Staff Sec. -Presidenti?l HandwritiRg File, 9/25/78 [2] Box-103 R.ESTRICTtiON CODES (AI Closed by Executive Order 1235S'governing access to national security information. (6) .Closed by statute or by the agency Which originated tine document. (C) Closed in accordance with restrictions contained in the donor's deed of gif,t. ~. NATIONAL ARCHIV.S AND RECORDS AOMINISTRA TION. NA FORM 1429 (6-8,5) ' . THE WHITE HOUSE WASHINGTON 9/25/78 Tim Kraft The attached was returned in the President's outbox: It is forwarded to you for appropriate han<D:ing. Rick Hutcheson cc: Frank Moore THE WHITE HOUSE WASHINGTON 9/25/78 rick-~- although pr.esident is sending note to tim ... -
The Honorable Hubert H. Humphrey United States Senate Washington, D
I The University of Chicago Chicago 37, Illinois August 2, 1955 The Honorable Hubert H. Humphrey United States Senate Washington, D. C. Dear Senator Humphrey: You asked me what function I thought the Subcommittee on Dis armament of the Senate Foreign Relations Committee might fulfill in the short period of time and with the limited means available between now and the first of January, and you suggested that I put my thoughts on paper. The main issue as far as substance is concerned, it seems to me, can be phrased as follows: 11 What kind and what degree of disarmament is desirable within the framework of what political settlement?" It seems to me that one would only add to the already existing confusion if disarma ment were discussed without stating clearly what is being assumed concern ing the political settlement within which it would have to operate. I assume that few Senators will be available between the im pending adjournment of Congress and the first of January, and thusthe ques tion is what could be accomplished by a competent staff. I believe such a staff could hold conferences of the fol_lowing sort: Men like Walter Lippman, George Kennan, and perhaps five to ten others who in the past have written on one aspect of the problem or another, would be asked to prepare their thoughts on the "whole problem" and to tell to a critical audience, assembled by the staff, what they would regard as a desirable settlement. They must imagine that somehow they are endowed with such magical power of persuasion that they could convince the -
Alabama” of the Ron Nessen Papers at the Gerald R
The original documents are located in Box 46, folder “4/3/76 - Alabama” of the Ron Nessen Papers at the Gerald R. Ford Presidential Library. Copyright Notice The copyright law of the United States (Title 17, United States Code) governs the making of photocopies or other reproductions of copyrighted material. Ron Nessen donated to the United States of America his copyrights in all of his unpublished writings in National Archives collections. Works prepared by U.S. Government employees as part of their official duties are in the public domain. The copyrights to materials written by other individuals or organizations are presumed to remain with them. If you think any of the information displayed in the PDF is subject to a valid copyright claim, please contact the Gerald R. Ford Presidential Library. Digitized from Box 46 of the Ron Nessen Papers at the Gerald R. Ford Presidential Library I THE WHITE HOUSE WASHINGTON THE PRESIDENT'S BRIEFING BOOK QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS ************************* ALABAMA MAY 3, 1976 ************************* ALABAMA State Profile Alabama is called the "Yellowhanuner state because of its state bird, the "Cotton state" because of its chief agricultural product and the "Heart of Dixie" because of its location. The total area of Alabama is 51,609 square miles, of which 549 square miles are inland water surface. It is the 29th state of the union is size. The state capital is Montgomery and the state entered the union on December 14, 1819, as the 22nd state. The southern pine has been adopted as the state's official tree and the camellia as the official flower. -
General Assembly Official Records Sixty-First Session
United Nations A/61/PV.50 General Assembly Official Records Sixty-first session 50th plenary meeting Wednesday, 8 November 2006, 10 a.m. New York President: Ms. Al Khalifa ................................... (Bahrain) The meeting was called to order at 10.10 a.m. At the thirtieth annual ministerial meeting of the Group of 77 and China, the ministers once again firmly Agenda item 18 rejected the imposition of laws and regulations with extraterritorial impact and all other forms of coercive Necessity of ending the economic, commercial and economic measures, including unilateral sanctions financial embargo imposed by the United States of against developing countries, and reiterated the urgent America against Cuba need to eliminate them immediately. They emphasized Report of the Secretary-General (A/61/132) that such actions not only undermine the principles enshrined in the Charter of the United Nations and Draft resolution (A/61/L.10) international law, but also severely threaten the Amendment (A/61/L.19) freedom of trade and investment. They therefore called on the international community neither to recognize Mr. Maqungo (South Africa): On this important those measures nor to apply them. occasion, the Chairman of the Group of 77 and China, Ambassador Kumalo, would have preferred to deliver The Group of 77 and China is guided by the basic this statement himself. However, due to the fact that he norms of international law and conduct in its principled is traveling, I, as Chargé, have the honour to speak on support for the need to eliminate coercive economic behalf of the Group of 77 and China. -
Cuba: Issues for the 109Th Congress
Cuba: Issues for the 109th Congress Updated December 19, 2006 Congressional Research Service https://crsreports.congress.gov RL32730 Cuba: Issues for the 109th Congress Summary Since the early 1960s, U.S. policy toward Cuba under Fidel Castro has consisted largely of isolating the communist nation through comprehensive economic sanctions, which have been significantly tightened by the Bush Administration. Another component of U.S. policy has consisted of support measures for the Cuban people, including private humanitarian donations and U.S.-sponsored radio and television broadcasting to Cuba. While there appears to be broad agreement on the overall objective of U.S. policy toward Cuba—to help bring democracy and respect for human rights to the island—there are several schools of thought on how to achieve that objective: some advocate maximum pressure on Cuba until reforms are enacted; others argue for lifting some U.S. sanctions judged to be hurting the Cuban people; and still others call for a swift normalization of U.S.-Cuban relations. Fidel Castro’s announcement in late July 2006 that he was temporarily ceding political power to his brother Raúl in order to recover from surgery has prompted some Members to call for re-examination of U.S. policy. In the 109th Congress, legislative initiatives included the approval of five human rights resolutions: H.Con.Res. 81, H.Res. 193, H.Res. 388, S.Res. 140, and S.Res. 469. P.L. 109-102 funded Cuba democracy projects in FY2006. Action on several FY2007 appropriations measures were not completed, so action will need to be completed in 2007: House-passed H.R. -
ELECTORAL VOTES for PRESIDENT and VICE PRESIDENT Ø902¿ 69 77 50 69 34 132 132 Total Total 21 10 21 10 21 Va
¿901¿ ELECTORAL VOTES FOR PRESIDENT AND VICE PRESIDENT ELECTORAL VOTES FOR PRESIDENT AND VICE PRESIDENT 901 ELECTION FOR THE FIRST TERM, 1789±1793 GEORGE WASHINGTON, President; JOHN ADAMS, Vice President Name of candidate Conn. Del. Ga. Md. Mass. N.H. N.J. Pa. S.C. Va. Total George Washington, Esq ................................................................................................... 7 3 5 6 10 5 6 10 7 10 69 John Adams, Esq ............................................................................................................... 5 ............ ............ ............ 10 5 1 8 ............ 5 34 Samuel Huntington, Esq ................................................................................................... 2 ............ ............ ............ ............ ............ ............ ............ ............ ............ 2 1027 John Jay, Esq ..................................................................................................................... ............ 3 ............ ............ ............ ............ 5 ............ ............ 1 9 John Hancock, Esq ............................................................................................................ ............ ............ ............ ............ ............ ............ ............ 2 1 1 4 Robert H. Harrison, Esq ................................................................................................... ............ ............ ............ 6 ............ ............ ............ ............ ............ ........... -
Cuba: Issues for the 110Th Congress
Order Code RL33819 Cuba: Issues for the 110th Congress Updated May 1, 2007 Mark P. Sullivan Specialist in Latin American Affairs Foreign Affairs, Defense, and Trade Division Cuba: Issues for the 110th Congress Summary Since the early 1960s, U.S. policy toward Cuba under Fidel Castro has consisted largely of isolating the communist nation through comprehensive economic sanctions, which have been significantly tightened by the Bush Administration, including restrictions on travel, private humanitarian assistance, and payment terms for U.S. agricultural exports to Cuba. A second component of U.S. policy has consisted of support measures for the Cuban people, including private humanitarian donations and U.S.-sponsored radio and television broadcasting to Cuba. As in past years, the main issue for U.S. policy toward Cuba in the 110th Congress will be how to best support political and economic change in one of the world’s remaining communist nations. Unlike past years, however, Congress is now examining policy toward Cuba in the context of Fidel Castro’s temporary, and potentially permanent, departure from the political scene because of health conditions. Although there has been broad agreement in Congress on the overall objective of U.S. policy toward Cuba — to help bring democracy and respect for human rights to the island — there have been several schools of thought on how best to achieve that objective. Some advocate maximum pressure on the Cuban government until reforms are enacted; others argue for lifting some sanctions that they believe are hurting the Cuban people, or as part of a strategy of lifting sanctions incrementally in response to positive changes in Cuba. -
Economic Sanctions Reconsidered, 3Rd Ed., Preview Chapter 5
5 Sanctions after the Cold War The end of superpower rivalry in the Cold War, coupled with the emer- gence of new conflicts and challenges, changed the focus of sanctions poli- cies but did not diminish their use. In fact, the first half of the 1990s wit- nessed a spike in the average annual number of sanctions cases (see figure 5.1). The United States continued to be the predominant sender country, but the incidence of unilateral actions fell dramatically as US officials acted more frequently in concert with others. A few high-profile US cases were launched unilaterally in the 1990s (e.g., nonproliferation sanctions against India and Pakistan) but much less often than in past decades. Interestingly, if one splits the sample of episodes into four periods— prior to World War II, the early postwar period up to 1970, the 1970s and 1980s, and the post–Cold War period through 2000—the distribution of cases among the various goal categories changes, but the overall success rate does not. Overall, the foreign policy effectiveness of sanctions was re- markably stable over the course of the 20th century, with the average suc- cess rate in each of the three subperiods after World War II being roughly the same 1 in 3 rate as observed for the period as a whole. US experience, however, was much more volatile, especially when sanctions were em- ployed unilaterally. Equally striking, the military impairment and other major policy change categories show an increase in the probability of suc- cess, while the success rate for cases involving regime change and dis- ruption of minor military adventures dropped sharply (table 5.1). -
1, 1977 Washington, D.C
‘HE WHITE- HOUSE THE DAILY DIARY OF PRESIDENT JIMMY CARTER mOCATfOE( DhfE t&to.. Day, Yr.) THE WHITE HOUSE AUGUST 1, 1977 WASHINGTON, D.C. TIME DAY 5:00 a.m. MONDAY 4ONE TIME ACTIVITY From j To I I 5:oo The President received a wake up call from the White House signal board operator. The President went to his private office. 7:48 The President met with William G. Hyland, Senior Staff Member, National Security Council (NSC). 8:lO 8:ll The President talked with Representative Philip R. Sharp (D-Indiana). 8:12 The President telephoned Representative Dan Rostenkowski (D-Illinois). The call was not completed. 8:14 The President telephoned Representative Abner J. Mikva (D-Illinois). The call was not completed. The President met with: 8:15 8:30 Hamilton Jordan, Assistant 8:15 8:30 Frank B. Moore,Assistant for Congressional Liaison 8:20 8:30 Joseph L. "Jody" Powell,Press Secretary 8:20 P The President telephoned Representative John D. Dingell (D-Michigan). The call was not completed. 8:30 The President went to the Roosevelt Room. He was accompanied by 0l Mr. Jordan Mr. Moore Mr. Powell 8:30 8:55 The President participated in a White House senior staff meeting. For a list of attendees, see APPENDIX "A." 8:55 The President returned to his private office. 8:57 8:58 P The President talked with Representative Dingell. I 9:oo The President went to the Cabinet Room. The President participated in a Cabinet Meeting. For a list of attendees,see APPENDIX "B." R The President was telephoned by Representative Rostenkowski. -
Venezuela Y La Contrarrevolución Cubana
José Luis Méndez Méndez Venezuela y la contrarrevolución cubana Venezuela y la contrarrevolución cubana Venezuela y la contrarrevolución 1.a edición digital, Fundación Editorial El perro y la rana, 2020 cubana © José Luis Méndez Méndez © Fundación Editorial El perro y la rana Edición y corrección José Jenaro Rueda Diagramación Armando Rodríguez Diseño de portada Arturo Mariño Hecho el Depósito de Ley ISBN: 978-980-14-4682-8 Depósito legal: DC2020000342 Méndez Méndez, José Luis, Venezuela y la contrarrevolución cubana / José Luis Méndez Méndez; Caracas : Fundación Editorial El perro y la rana, 2020 450pág.; 14 por 21 centímetros ISBN: 978-980-14-4682-8 Depósito legal: DC2020000342 Ensayo (Historia) FGI 58.14 José Luis Méndez Méndez Venezuela y la contrarrevolución cubana Al heroico pueblo venezolano, por la lucha que redime para labrar un porvenir digno, seguro; por su tributo y ejemplo. A todas las víctimas del terrorismo anticubano. A mi amiga, la imprescindible intelectual y militante argentina Stella Calloni, por su huella, ejemplar estímulo y combativo prólogo. Prólogo Una vez más, el docente, investigador y escritor José Luis Méndez Méndez nos sorprende con un nuevo libro en su prolífica obra, iluminando los laberintos del terror imperial en Nuestra América, desnudando la verdadera matriz de este flagelo universal en tiempos donde un capitalismo salvaje y descarnado, en la degradación de su final, intenta avanzar en otro proyecto de recolonización de América Latina y el Caribe, que siempre consideró su “patio trasero”. Este libro, además, es un relato histórico imprescindible para conocer y entender la profunda raíz de la relación entre dos países hermanados en distintas épocas, como son Cuba y Venezuela. -
Cuba: Issues for the 110Th Congress
Order Code RL33819 Cuba: Issues for the 110th Congress Updated January 24, 2008 Mark P. Sullivan Specialist in Latin American Affairs Foreign Affairs, Defense, and Trade Division Cuba: Issues for the 110th Congress Summary Since the early 1960s, U.S. policy toward Cuba under Fidel Castro has consisted largely of isolating the communist nation through economic sanctions, which the Bush Administration has tightened significantly. A second policy component has consisted of support measures for the Cuban people, including private humanitarian donations and U.S.-sponsored radio and television broadcasting to Cuba. As in past years, the main issue for U.S. policy toward Cuba in the 110th Congress is how to best support political and economic change in one of the world’s remaining communist nations. Unlike past years, however, Congress is now examining policy toward Cuba in the context of Fidel Castro’s potentially permanent departure from the political scene because of health conditions. In the first session of the 110th Congress, Congress fully funded the Administration’s request for $45.7 million for Cuba democracy programs in the Consolidated Appropriations Act for FY2008 (P.L. 110-161). The act also provided $33.7 million for Radio and TV Marti broadcasting to Cuba, and added Cuba to the list of countries requiring a special notification to the Appropriations Committees for funds obligated under the act. The act did not include provisions easing restrictions on U.S. agricultural exports to Cuba that had been included in the House-passed and Senate-committee versions of H.R. 2829, the FY2008 Financial Services and General Government appropriations bill, and in the Senate-committee version of S.