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(Stout Whiting) Fishery Wildlife Trade Operation Approval Under the Environment Protection and Biodiversity and Conservation Act 1999

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(Stout Whiting) Fishery Wildlife Trade Operation Approval Under the Environment Protection and Biodiversity and Conservation Act 1999 Submission for the reassessment of the Queensland Finfish (Stout Whiting) Fishery Wildlife Trade Operation approval under the Environment Protection and Biodiversity and Conservation Act 1999 A report prepared by the Queensland Department of Agriculture and Fisheries This publication has been compiled by Brad Zeller of Fisheries Queensland, Department of Agriculture and Fisheries. © State of Queensland, 2015. The Queensland Government supports and encourages the dissemination and exchange of its information. The copyright in this publication is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Australia (CC BY) licence. Under this licence you are free, without having to seek our permission, to use this publication in accordance with the licence terms. You must keep intact the copyright notice and attribute the State of Queensland as the source of the publication. For more information on this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/au/deed.en The information contained herein is subject to change without notice. The Queensland Government shall not be liable for technical or other errors or omissions contained herein. The reader/user accepts all risks and responsibility for losses, damages, costs and other consequences resulting directly or indirectly from using this information. Fishery Description The Queensland Fin Fish (Stout Whiting) Trawl Fishery (FFTF) is a demersal otter trawl and Danish seine net fishery targeting stout whiting (Sillago robusta) and red spot whiting (Sillago flindersi) and retaining permitted by-product species. The FFTF area lies between the 20 and 50 fathom [36 and 90 m] depth contours off southern Queensland (from Sandy Cape south to the NSW border). With currently only two active operators in the fishery, there is a high level of industry involvement in management and stock monitoring processes. An annually revised Total Allowable Catch (TAC) applies to whiting, goatfish and yellowtail scad and in possession limits apply to by-product species. Management The FFTF is managed by the Queensland Department of Agriculture and Fisheries (DAF) under the Fisheries Act 1994, Fisheries Regulation 2008, and the Fisheries (East Coast Trawl) Management Plan 2010. Management changes over the previous WTO period In March 2012 Fisheries Queensland advised licence holders that it intended to transition the individual allowable catch quotas in the stout whiting finfish trawl fishery from licence conditions into a legislated Individual Transferable Quota (ITQ). On 19 December 2014, amendments to the Fisheries Regulation 2008 were made; formalising ITQs, and certain other management arrangements that were previously conditions of licence or permit, as Regulations under the Fisheries Act 1994. These changes to management came into effect on 1 January 2015 and are summarised in the table below. Details may be found at the Queensland Government internet site www.legislation.qld.gov.au1. Catch data Stout Whiting makes up almost all of the FFTF catch. Small quantities of other byproduct species are also taken. The 2014 FFTF catch is shown in the table below. Earlier commercial catch statistics for this fishery can be found in the Queensland Fisheries Summary 2014 report (see https://www.daff.qld.gov.au/fisheries/monitoring-our-fisheries/datareports/sustainability- reporting/queensland-fisheries-summary). Status of target stock On average, 80 per cent of the annual commercial catch from the eastern Australian biological stock of Stout Whiting is taken in Queensland, and 20 per cent is taken in New South Wales2. The status of the Stout Whiting biological stock in Queensland waters is therefore adopted as representative of the whole biological stock in any given year3. In 2014, DAF completed a quantitative stock assessment for the FFTF4, incorporating new data on changes to the fishery area, fishing gear and otolith weight. The assessment included New South Wales catch data on Stout Whiting, and Queensland East Coast Otter Trawl Fishery Stout Whiting bycatch estimates. The assessment model estimated stock status ratios in 2013 for the exploitable biomass and for spawning egg production and found these to be at sustainable levels. In addition, catch-at-length frequencies have been similar over the long term, with age structures dominated by 1–3-year-old fish (longevity is 8 years). There have been no declining trends in catch per unit effort over time. The 2012-14 total FFTF commercial catches have averaged 696 t or approximately 53 per cent of the annually adjusted total allowable catch (set to Maximum Sustainable Yield). The current level of fishing pressure is 1 https://www.legislation.qld.gov.au/LEGISLTN/SLS/2014/14SL328.pdf 2 Roy, D. and Smoothey, A. 2014. Stout Whiting Sillago robusta in M Flood, I Stobutzki, J Andrews, C Ashby, G Begg, R Fletcher, C Gardner, L Georgeson, S Hansen, K Hartmann, P Hone, P Horvat, L Maloney, B McDonald, A Moore, A Roelofs, K Sainsbury, T Saunders, T Smith, C Stewardson, J Stewart & B Wise (eds) 2014, Status of key Australian fish stocks reports 2014, Fisheries Research and Development Corporation, Canberra. 3 Rowling, K, Hegarty, A & Ives, M 2010, Status of fisheries resources in NSW 2008/09, New South Wales Industry & Investment, Cronulla. 4 Department of Agriculture, Fisheries and Forestry, 2014 unpublished, Queensland Stout Whiting Fishery Commercial quota setting for 2014. DAF | Submission for the reassessment of the Queensland Fin Fish (Stout Whiting) Trawl FisherySubmission for the reassessment of the Queensland Finfish (Stout Whiting) Fishery Wildlife Trade Operation approval under the Environment Protection and Biodiversity and Conservation Act 1999Submission for the reassessment of the Queensland Finfish (Stout Whiting) Fishery Wildlife Trade Operation approval under the Environment Protection and Biodiversity and Conservation Act 1999 3 therefore unlikely to cause the biological stock to become recruitment overfished. On the basis of this evidence, the biological stock was classified as a sustainable stock in 20141. The annual total allowable catch (TAC) is reassessed before the start of each fishing year using a decision-support model. In 2014 the model recommended reducing the TAC from 1,350 t to 1,150 t. The 2015 TAC remains at 1,150 t while the fishery transitions to the new quota management arrangements. Impacts on the fishery on the ecosystem The seabed where the fishery occurs lacks major reef structures5. Anecdotal information from research trawls and commercial fishers indicates that the seabed in the fishery area is predominantly bare sand6. Consequently, the impact of trawling on benthic habitats in the fishery area is likely to be relatively low6. The fishery has potential for interactions with sea turtles, but these occur infrequently7. Compulsory use of turtle excluder devices in otter trawls minimises the impact of interactions with turtles. Turtle excluder devices are not required in Danish seine nets; however, due to the nature of this type of fishing, nets are hauled at a much slower speed, for a shorter time and pose minimal risks to turtles that are able to outswim the nets when used in this manner. Although Danish seine is legislated as an acceptable method for targeting Stout Whiting in Queensland, it is only used by one vessel. Compared with trawling, Danish seining harvests Stout Whiting more efficiently, has less physical contact with the seabed, and more effectively reduces some forms of bycatch, including prawns, bugs, squid, sea snakes and pipefish7. However, there is evidence that the proportion of small sharks and rays caught in Danish seine apparatus can be higher than the proportion captured in otter trawl apparatus7. 5 Interim Marine and Coastal Regionalisation for Australia Technical Group 1998, Interim marine and coastal regionalisation for Australia: an ecosystem-based classification for marine and coastal environments, version 3.3, Environment Australia, Commonwealth Department of the Environment, Canberra. 6 Robins, J & Courtney, AJ 1998, Status report on bycatch within the Queensland Trawl Fishery, in Establishing meaningful targets for bycatch reduction in Australian fisheries, Proceedings of the Australian Society for Fish Biology Workshop, Tasmanian Aquaculture and Fisheries Institute, Hobart. 7 Rowsell, N & Davies, J 2012 unpublished, At-sea observation of the stout whiting fishery 2009-2010, Fisheries Queensland, Queensland Department of Employment Economic Development and Innovation, Brisbane. DAF | Submission for the reassessment of the Queensland Fin Fish (Stout Whiting) Trawl FisherySubmission for the reassessment of the Queensland Finfish (Stout Whiting) Fishery Wildlife Trade Operation approval under the Environment Protection and Biodiversity and Conservation Act 1999Submission for the reassessment of the Queensland Finfish (Stout Whiting) Fishery Wildlife Trade Operation approval under the Environment Protection and Biodiversity and Conservation Act 1999 4 Main features of the fishery in 2014 Feature Details Species targeted Stout whiting (Sillago robusta) Fishery symbol T4 Current Fisheries Act 1994; Fisheries Regulation 2008, Fisheries (East Coast Trawl) Management management regime Plan 2010 Gear Stout whiting may only be taken by otter trawl or Danish seine nets. Main management The following management measures are in place for the Fin Fish (Stout Whiting) Fishery under legislation: methods • 270,000 ITQ units issued for each commercial stout whiting fishing symbol (T4) held (1,350,000 units in total);
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