I Orv>ND G\NVTJN

Map Inside North Rim A free publication about the North Rim, National Park Volume VII, Issue 3 May 15- July 24, 1991 QUESTIONS? How to See Grand Canyon LOOK INSIDE EMERGENCY-911 Bicycles 4 Dial 911 from a pay phone or residence. Camping 2 Dial 9-911 from your hotel/motel room. Food/Restaurants 2 Hiking 4 NOTRUF - 911 Wenn Sie im Notfall arztliche Lodging 2 bzw. polizeiliche Hilfre benbtigen, wahlen Sie Map 5 von einem bffentlichen Fernsprecher die Num- Other Services 2 mer 911. Von Ihrem Hotelzimmer aus, wahlen Pets 5 Sie 9-911. Ranger Programs 8 Religious Services 2 APPEL D'URGENCE - 911 Si vous avez Sunrise & Sunset 2 besoin d'aide medicale ou de la police, com- Things to Do 8 posez le numero 911 depuis un telephone pu- blique. Composez le 9-911 depuis votre North Rim chambre d'hbtel. Do you know what time it is? Grand Canyon is on Mountain Standard Development Time year round. There is no "best way" to see Grand Indian ruin. The National Park Service (NPS) is in the Canyon. However, visitors often seek Attend a ranger program at Grand process of completing a Development recommendations about what to do or Canyon Lodge or Point Imperial. See Concept Plan (DCP) for the developed area AUSKUNFTSUBERSETZUNGEN iiber die where to view the Canyon. For some, the program listing elsewhere in The Guide. Natur-und Kulturgeschichte des Grand Can­ of the North Rim. As part of this process answer may be to simply relax and enjoy yons werden zum Verkauf auf Franzbsisch, an Enviromental Impact Statement (EIS) Whole Day the serenity. For others the following list In addition to the above activities, Deutsch und Japanisch angeboten. Erkundigen has been completed to evaluate and may be helpful in deciding how to see the consider a short hike in the early morning Sie sich im Visitor Center und in den Museen. measure the impact of the various Canyon in the time you have available: alternatives being considered. These (6-11 a.m.) or late afternoon (4-7 p.m.) alternatives include the following general down the North Kaibab Trail. Even a short DES TRADUCTIONS sur l'histoire naturelle Two or Three Hours hike will allow you to comprehend the concepts: Walk to Bright Angel Point to orient et culturelle du Grand Canyon se vendent en enormity of the Canyon. francais, allemand et japonais. Adressez-vous • No change in developed yourself. From the point you can see and Hike the Widforss Trail to see the au Visitor Center et aux musees. area or visitor accom­ hear Roaring Springs, the water source for luxurious white fir, aspen, and ponderosa modations. the entire park. Also, there are good views pine forest unique to the North Rim in • Development of approx­ of Bright Angel, Transept, and Roaring Grand Canyon National Park. Mule deer imately 100 new lodging Springs side canyons as well as Grand and Kaibab squirrels are commonly sighted rooms (80 are replace­ Canyon Village on the South Rim, and San on this trail. In the fall there are numerous USE CAUTION ments) and a new Francisco peaks in the distance. non-edible species of mushrooms. restaurant facility. Drive to Point Imperial (11 miles [18 • Increase the number of km] from Grand Canyon Lodge) the highest Include a picnic at Point Imperial or camping sites (adding point on either rim. See Mount Hayden, the Cape Royal. Watch the Canyon change approximately 50 sites). Painted Desert, Saddle Mountain, and a while you eat. • Construction of new beautiful view of eastern Grand Canyon Watch the sunset from Bright Angel NPS Information Center National Park. Point or Cape Royal. and improved parking. Public meetings have been held and Half Day Overnight comments solicited during the last year. In addition to the above activities, drive Watch the sunrise from Bright Angel The comment period ended April 15 with to Cape Royal (23 miles [37 km] from Point, Cape Royal, or Point Imperial. over 5500 comments received. A decision Grand Canyon Lodge and 14 miles [22 km] Take a longer hike down the North on the alternatives is anticipated this fall or from the Point Imperial-Cape Royal roads Kaibab Trail. Spend the day at Roaring winter. junction). Here you may take the self- Springs, taking a lunch and water, and guided nature trail which winds its way to relax next to the falls. (Check with the Help us recycle the point and a view of the , Backcountry ranger at the Ranger Station as well as visiting Angels Window for more information about how to hike NEAR The Guide is printed on recycled paper. overlook. Because the elevation drops at safely.) You can help the park's recycling effort Cape Royal, pinyon, juniper, and cacti grow Drive to East Rim Drive, another THE by returning this newspaper to the return in abundance on the rim. picturesque spot for viewing the sunrise. box at the park entrance station when you Going to or returning from Cape Royal, Check at the Information Desk in Grand have finished using it. Receptacles for stop at one or more scenic view, including Canyon Lodge for directions to this dirt EDGE recycling aluminum cans are also available Vista Encantadora, Painted Desert Overlook, road located north of the park boundary. FOOTING at five locations within the park. and Walhalla Overlook. Across the road Attend the National Park Service evening Thank you. from Walhalla Overlook, view an Anasazi program. CAN BE DANGEROUS 2 THE GUIDE T»THE G5ND GLNYON NATIONAL PARK

CAMPING MSfe SERVICES FOR SPECIAL NATIONAL PARK CAMPING Within Grand Canyon National Park POPULATIONS camping is permitted only in designated Many North Rim viewpoints, facilities, campgrounds. Park Service campsite FOOD & BEVERAGE TOURS and some trails are wheelchair accessible reservations may be made through GRAND CANYON LODGE DINING BUS TOURS: Departure times for tours or accessible with assistance. Inquire at Ticketron by calling (800) 452-1111. to Cape Royal and Point Imperial are the Park Service Information Desk in the Ticketron accepts VISA and Mastercard. ROOM: View of the Canyon. Breakfast, Lodge lobby for further details. 6:30-10 a.m. full menu, 6:30-11 a.m. posted in the Grand Canyon Lodge lobby Campsites may be available on a first- where tickets also may be purchased. come/first-served basis. Arrive before 10 continental menu; lunch, 11:30 a.m.-2:30 FACILITIES: Restrooms at the Ranger p.m.; dinner, 5-9:30 p.m. daily (reservations GRAND CANYON TRAIL RIDES: Half- a.m. for the greatest chance of obtaining a day ($25) and full-day ($60) trips into the Station and Grand Canyon Lodge are site. recommended for dinner). Call (602) 638- wheelchair accessible. Lodge dining room 2611 for information. Canyon and one-hour ($10) and two-hour North Rim Campground: 82 sites, no and patios are accessible via a lift. ($20) rides along the rim are normally Contact the Grand Canyon Lodge front hookups, showers available nearby. Closes BUFFETERIA & SNACK BAR: Located in the Grand Canyon Lodge Complex. available on a daily basis. Located in the desk for additional information. October 22. Fee: $10 per night. Stays are lobby of the Grand Canyon Lodge, the CAMPGROUND: One restroom and two limited to 7 days per season. Reservations Open 6:30-10 a.m., noon-4 p.m., and 6-9 p.m. daily. Grand Canyon Trail Rides desk is open 7 campsites are wheelchair accessible. for individuals and organized groups of 6- a.m.-8 p.m. daily. Call (602) 638-2292 for TRAILS: Cape Royal Nature Trail is a 100 people with a sponsorship, charter, or NORTH RIM PUB & GAME ROOM: Located adjacent to the General Store near information. 1/2-mile paved path with minimal recognition, may be made through elevation change, leading to several points North Rim Campground. Open 4-11 p.m. COLORADO RIVER TRIPS: Twenty- Ticketron (800) 452-1111. two companies offer raft trips on the with Canyon views. daily. RANGER PROGRAMS: Programs GENERAL STORE: Located across from Colorado River. Limited arrangements may FOREST SERVICE CAMPING be made through Kaibab Lodge (602) 638- which are wheelchair accessible with DeMotte Park Campground: 25 sites North Rim Campground. Open 7 a.m.-9 assistance are indicated by "*" in the p.m. daily (hours may vary with demand). 2389. A complete list is available at the program listing. located 5 miles north of the park boundary. NPS Information desk, lodge lobby. Operates on a first-come/first-served basis. KAIBAB LODGE DINING ROOM: Fee: $6 per vehicle per night. Located 5 miles north of park boundary. RIM TO RIM TRANSPORTATION: Jacob Lake Campground: 50 sites located Open daily for breakfast, lunch, and dinner. Daily round-trip transportation service at Jacob Lake, 30 miles from the park Reservations recommended. Call (602) 638- between Grand Canyon's South and North boundary. Water and restrooms are 2389. Rim begins May 15. Departs North Rim 7 NORTH RIM available. Fee: $6 per vehicle per night. JACOB LAKE LODGE COFFEE SHOP a.m.; arrives South Rim before noon; HEALTH SERVICES Reservations may be made through Mistix, & DINING ROOM: Located 30 miles departs South Rim 1:30 p.m.; arrives North 1-800-283-CAMP; $2 reservation fee. north of park boundary. Breakfast, 7-11 Rim around 6:00 p.m. Call (602) 638- MEDICAL SERVICES: North Rim Clinic Twenty-six sites will be retained on a first- a.m.; lunch 11 a.m.-8 p.m.; dinner, 5:30-8 2820 for information and reservations, or is staffed by a Nurse Practitioner. come/first-served basis. Free evening p.m. Coffee Shop open 6:30 a.m.- contact the lodge transportation desk for Available Fri.-Mon., 9 a.m.-5 p.m., Tues. 9 programs. 8 p.m. daily. additional information. a.m.-12 p.m., Thurs. 1 p.m.-5 p.m. (subject Open Camping: Kaibab National Forest, to change) on a walk-in basis, or by surrounding Grand Canyon National Park, RELIGIOUS SERVICES OTHER SERVICES appointment. Call 638-2611. Health Center is open to "at-large" camping. Campers is located at Grand Canyon Lodge in Cabin 1. must observe all fire, off-road, and CATHOLIC MASS: Saturdays at 6 p.m., GENERAL STORE: Located across from sanitation restrictions. in Grand Canyon Lodge recreation room. North Rim Campground. Open 7 a.m.-9 INTERDENOMINATIONAL: Services p.m. daily (hours may vary with demand). Groceries, camping supplies, backpacking PRIVATE CAMPGROUND presented by A Christian Ministry in the National Parks. Check for time and equipment. Jacob Lake R.V. Park: Located 1/4-mile EQUIPMENT: Camping and backpacking south of Jacob Lake on Highway location of services at the bulletin board OUT-OF-PARK located near the post office. supplies available at General Store. See 67. Eighty sites with hookups and 50 tent above. sites are available. LDS SERVICES: Sundays, 3-5 p.m., at SERVICES Lodge recreation room. POST OFFICE: Located in Grand Canyon Lodge Complex. Window service 8:30 COUNTRY STORE & GAS STATION: a.m.-noon, 1-4:30 p.m., Monday through Gas and diesel available all year 7 a.m.-7 Friday; Saturday 8:30 a.m.-noon. p.m. daily. Located 5 miles north of park SERVICE STATION: Chevron Service boundary. Diesel fuel, automotive supplies, Station is located on the access road groceries, camping and backpacking leading to North Rim Campground. Open equipment rental and sales, and curios. LODGING LOST AND FOUND: For information 7 a.m.-7 p.m. daily. Gas and repair. JACOB LAKE LODGE & GAS about lost and found property, contact the LAUNDRY & SHOWERS: Located near STATION: Located 30 miles north of park GRAND CANYON LODGE: Motel units: National Park Service Information Desk North Rim Campground. Open 8 a.m.-8 boundary. Lodge open 7 a.m.-8 p.m. daily; double occupancy, $50.00. Frontier and located in Grand Canyon Lodge. p.m. daily. gas station open 7 a.m.-8:30 p.m. daily. Western cabins: double occupancy, $43.00 WEATHER: For recorded weather CURIOS & GIFTS: Gift shop located in Dump station available. and $59.00 respectively. Pioneer Cabins: information call (602) 638-7888. Grand Canyon Lodge Complex. Open 7:30 PROPANE: Available at Jacob Lake. one or four persons, $53.00. Front desk is Information updated at 7 a.m. daily. a.m.-9:30 p.m. daily (hours may vary). open 24 hours a day. For reservations call (801) 586-7686. Sunrise & Sunset KAIBAB LODGE: Located 5 miles north of park boundary. Room rates from $43 phone Restrooms Visitor Information May 15 5:23 a.m. 7:27 p.m. (602) 638-2389; year round reservation number May 20 5:19 a.m. 7:31 p.m. (602) 526-0924, outside AZ (800) 525-0924. May 25 5:16 a.m. 7:35 p.m. Also operates Park & Forest hikes, forest vehicle Li I B| The public restrooms at the Grand The National Park Service Infor- May 30 5:14 a.m. 7:38 p.m. & mountain bike tours, camping equipment sales i I • I Canyon Lodge are often crowded. ] mation desk is located in the June 5 5:12 a.m. 7:42 p.m. and rentals, and winter Nordic Ski Center. Open * * ' Public restrooms are available at lobby of the Grand Canyon June 10 5:11 a.m. 7:45 p.m. year round except when Hwy 67 is closed April the gas station near the campground turn Lodge. Rangers and Natural History June 15 5:11 a.m. 7:45 p.m. 1 through mid-May. off. Association employees are available to June 20 5:12 a.m. 7:49 p.m. JACOB LAKE LODGE: Located 30 answer questions from 8 a.m. to 5 p.m. July 5 5:17 a.m. 7:49 p.m. miles north of park boundary. Double daily. The Grand Canyon Natural History July 10 5:20 a.m. 7:48 p.m. occupancy, $45-60.00. Call (602) 643-7232 Association operates a book store in July 15 5:23 a.m. 7:46 p.m. for information. conjunction with the information desk. July 20 5:26 a.m. 7:44 p.m. HE RAND ANYON ATIONAL THE GUIDE T° T G C N PARK 3

Mountain Grand Canyon biking Quiz

The North Rim of Grand Canyon and How many people visit the Grand the surrounding Kaibab National Forest I Canyon each year? offer many opportunities for riding a) 750,000 b) 8,000,000 c) 4,000,000 mountain bicycles. Within the National d) 1,000,000 Park bicycles are permitted on paved and dirt roads unless otherwise posted. The Grand Canyon is an average 10 Bicycles are not permitted on any trails. 2 miles wide because: Several dirt roads offer a variety of a) the river was once 10 miles wide. interesting bicycle trips. These b) a huge earthquake split the Kaibab opportunities vary from short, relatively Plateau, c) wind, rain, and flash floods level routes, to remote view points such widened the canyon after the river cut the as Cape Final, Francois Matthes Point, depth. and Obi Point. More arduous trips may be planned for more than one day, such as Two-thirds of the Grand Canyon is the 17-mile road to Point Sublime. Park 3 on the north side of the river. topographical maps and the Kaibab Forest True False map are useful for planning bicycle routes. Both maps are available at the Major environmental issues which Park Service Information Desk in the 4 concern the Grand Canyon include: lodge lobby. Historic Grand Canyon Lodge a) air quality, b) nearby uranium mining, c) overcrowding, d) aircraft noise, e) all of the above. Rugged, spacious, and informal, Grand history. Due to financial constraints Canyon Lodge has become for many typical of the Great Depression years, In an average year there are: visitors the essence of the North Rim. Its reconstruction was postponed until the a) 5,000, b) 15,000, c) 30,000, timbered ceilings, massive stone walls and winter of 1936-37. 5 dramatic vistas seem to be drawn directly Still based upon Underwood's floor d) 50,000 flights over the Grand Canyon. from the natural features of Bright Angel plan and palette of materials, the new The number of people who fall off Point. In 1982, the structure was added to Lodge retains much of the character of its 6 the canyon rim and die each year the National Register of Historic Places. predecessor. Using natural rough-hewn averages: a) 5, b) 10.4, c) 2.5, d) 25. Built by the Utah Parks Company, a limestone and timbers, the structure complements rather than intrudes upon the subsidiary of Union Pacific Railroad, How many people each year hike to Grand Canyon Lodge opened for business canyon and rim environment. on June 1, 1928. Consisting of a main The Lodge is a product of the 7 the bottom of Grand Canyon and stay building, one hundred standard cabins, economic prosperity of the "Roaring overnight? a) 150, b) no one, there is no and twenty-five deluxe cabins, the Twenties" and the bitter realities of the way down, c) 250,000, d) 50,000. complex was designed by Gilbert Stanley "Great Depression." It serves today as a Underwood. Also architect for the reminder of those eras and as a tribute to The record time for running from the Ahwahnee Hotel in Yosemite Valley and American craftsmanship and architecture. 8 North Rim to the South Rim (a the Lodge at Bryce Canyon, Underwood Utah Parks Company owned and operated distance of 22 miles) is: a) 2 days 4 was instrumental in creating the rustic the complex until 1972 when their North hours, b) 12 hours 12 minutes, c) 8 hours building style typical of many National Rim holdings were donated to the 5 minutes, d) 3 hours 9 minutes. Park structures completed during the National Park Service. A concessionaire 1920s and 1930s. leases the facilities through a government If you see a deer along the road you Reporting contract. 9 should: a) feed the poor, hungry In the early morning hours of animal, b) stop immediately in the road September 1, 1932, Grand Canyon Lodge The National Park Service Information and take a picture, c) reduce speed, wildlife and two deluxe cabins were destroyed by Desk is located in the Grand Canyon stopping only if there is a wide shoulder observations the largest structural fire in the park's Lodge lobby. or turn-out. •jf\The oldest rocks of Grand Canyon The National Park Service keeps a file Iv/are approximately: a) 6 thousand of wildlife observations reported by years old, b) 137 million years old, visitors, employees, and researchers. c) 2 billion years old, d) half as old as These records provide information about the earth itself. the Park's wildlife species, their abundance, their locations, and population I I The average snowfall at the North trends. Rim is: a) 2 ft, b) 6 ft., c) 12 ft., d) 20 ft. You are encouraged to be a part of the research staff by completing observation ANIMAL Answers may be found on the last page of records. An example of the observation OBSERVED card is shown below. Additional cards The Guide. may be picked up at the National Park Location Service Information Desk at Grand Canyon Lodge. Animals such as mule deer, ground Date (Month, Day, Year) Time (amJp.m.) Weather squirrels, ravens, white-throated swifts, and violet green swallows are common Description, Behavior, Number, Sketch, Map, Etc. (Use reverse if necessary) and are seen by nearly every visitor. These animals need not be reported. Become a Bighorn sheep and other uncommon mammals, all reptiles and amphibians, junior ranger migratory birds, and raptors should be reported. If you are unsure about the Grand Canyon National Park offers a importance of a sighting, please fill out a card and submit it. All accurate sightings Junior Ranger program for children up to have research value. age 12. To take part in the program pick Observation cards may be delivered to up a copy of the Young Adventurer, a the Information Desk or mailed to: special newspaper just for kids, and BE ACCURATE - DO NOT GUESS complete the activities outlined for the Superintendent Junior Ranger Program. Copies of the Grand Canyon National Park Park: Observed by: Young Adventurer are available at the P.O. Box 129 Grand Canyon Lodge Park Service Grand Canyon, AZ 86023. Form 10-257 (6/58) 39235 NATURAL HISTORY FIELD OBSERVATION Information Desk. 4 THE QUIDE JO THE QRAND CANYON NATIONAL PARK

Hiking on Rci#frnw Pets HIKING INFO m mi: CANYON Pets must be physically restrained at all times. They are not allowed on trails. The the North Rim only trail that they are allowed on is the Bridal Path which connects the Lodge with There is only one Grand Canyon. It the North Kaibab Trail. The only exception belongs to everyone. During your visit we is guide dogs for people who are blind or ask that you respect the rights of others. Please carry out your trash. deaf. Leave all fossils, rocks, plants and animals as you find them so those who come after you may also enjoy them. Throwing or rolling rocks may injure Tips for a people below you. Vehicles, including bicycles, are allowed only on paved or designated roads. North Rim Day Hikes Safe Visit Stay on toils. Cutting across switch­ backs can be dangerous for both you and those below you, and it increases erosion. Day hiking in Grand Canyon is one The round-trip hiking times listed Did you know that Federal law requires Litter has become a problem on many way to experience some of the Canyon's below are averages for hikers in good you to wear seatbelts while driving in a trails. Carry trash to proper receptacles rich natural beauty and immense size. No physical condition. A good rule to follow National Park? So buckle-up. It's the law and remember that cigarette butts are litter permits are required for day hikes. Back- is to decide how many hours you wish to in Grand Canyon. too. country rangers can provide additional hike. When 1/3 of the time has passed, Mules have the right-of-way on the trail. information and assist you in planning a turn around and begin to hike out. Carry If you meet a mule string, stand quietly trip within your capabilities. an adequate supply of water — at least To help make your visit to Grand Canyon by the side of the trail and obey any two quarts for each person. safe and enjoyable, here are a few tips instructions given by the wrangler. from the National Park Service. See numbered trails on page 5. A hike into the Canyon will test your mental and physical endurance. Know and •Watch your children. Your hand and respect your limitations. Rangers will be 1. Bright Angel Point Trail: 05 miles [0.8 km] 30 minutes round trip. voice may be too far away once your glad to help you plan a hike within your A short walk on a paved trail to a spectacular view of the Canyon. The trail begins child has climbed over a barrier or wall. capabilities. at the log shelter in the parking area by Grand Canyon Lodge or at the corner of the • Keep your distance from wildlife. Do east patio behind the Lodge. Self-guiding nature trail pamphlets are available from a not feed, touch, or disturb animals in the box along the trail. park. Rodents may bite and large animals have been known to kick when startled. •Find a friend. Most hiker fatalities 2. Transept Trail: 1.5 miles [2.4 km] 45 minutes one way. occur with solo hikers. Make sure Hiking Trail follows the Canyon rim from Grand Canyon Lodge to the North Rim someone knows your plans. Overnight Campground. stays in the Canyon require a free permit. Ask a ranger for permit information. reservations 3. Uncle Jim Trail: 5 miles [8 km] 3 hours round trip. • Pay attention to weather changes. Winds through the forest to a point overlooking the Canyon and the North Kaibab Use caution when walking near the Trail switchbacks. Begins at the North Kaibab Trail parking lot. This trail is also canyon rim and driving in the Park, and permits used by mule strings. especially in rainy or snowy conditions. • Know your limits. Elevation on the Permits are required for overnight 4. Widforss Trail: 10 miles [16 km] 5 hours round trip. North Rim is 8200 feet above sea level. hiking only; day hikes do not require a Blends forest and Canyon scenery. Even a short walk can be very satisfying. Take People with heart and respiratory permit. the dirt road 1/4-mile [0.4 km] south of Cape Royal Road one mile [1.6 km] to the problems should be especially cautious Overnight reservation requests should Widforss Trail parking area. about over exertion. be sent to : • Keep track of your belongings. Remove all valuables from your car and Backcountry Reservations Office 5. Ken Patrick Trail: 10 miles [19.3 km] 5 hours one way. P.O. Box 129 trunk. Immediately report any suspicious Winds through the forest and along the rim from Point Imperial to the North Kaibab activity to a ranger. Thieves work Grand Canyon, AZ 86023 Trail parking area. Hikers arriving without reservations quickly. should contact the North Rim •Bicycles are permitted only on primary 6. Cape Royal Trail: 0.6 miles [1 km] 30 minutes round trip. paved roads, secondary dirt roads and fire Backcountry Reservations Office (BRO). An easy walk on a flat, paved trail providing views of the Canyon, Angel's Window, Located at the Ranger Station, the BRO is roads. Helmets are strongly open 7-11 a.m. and 4-5 p.m. daily. It may and the Colorado River. Markers along the trail interpret the area's natural history. recommended, and headlights and be possible to obtain a Backcountry Use Trail begins at the southeast side of the Cape Royal parking area. reflectors are required at night. Pcnnit by placing your name on a waiting • Bicycle use is strictly prohibited off- list for cancellations. The waiting list is 7. Cliff Springs Trail: 1 mile [1.6 km] 1 hour round trip. road and on trails. Violators will be started when the BRO opens, the day Meanders down a forested ravine and past a small Indian ruin. The trail ends where cited and fined, and their bicycles before the hike would begin. Names will a chest-high boulder rests under a large overhang. The spring is on die cliff side of confiscated. be taken IN PERSON ONLY. Hikers on the boulder. Please do not drink the water as it may be contaminated. Trail begins Obey posted speed limits. the waiting list must be present at 9 a.m. directly across the road from Angel's Window Overlook, a small pullout on a curve • Protect your park. Grand Canyon on the day of the hike to check on avail­ 0.3 miles [0.5 km] down the road from Cape Royal. National Park is fully protected by federal ability of permits. law to preserve it for future generations. 8. North Kaibab Trail: This is the only maintained trail into the Canyon from the Do not disturb or remove any natural or North Rim. Even a short hike on this trail can give you an appreciation for the cultural feature, including fossils, rocks, Canyon's rich natural beauty and immense size. A full day (6-8 hours) should be plants, animals, and artifacts. allowed for a trip to Roaring Springs and back. Roaring Springs lies 3401 feet [930 • Parking in handicapped areas is Ticks m] below the canyon rim and is a 9.4 mile [15 km] round trip. Summer temperatures restricted to vehicles displaying Ticks carrying relapsing tick fever have at Roaring Springs may exceed 90 degrees F [32 degrees C]. Hikers should know the handicapped license plates. Temporary been known to occur on the North Rim. prevention, symptoms, and treatment of heat stroke and heat exhaustion. parking permits are available at Grand They carry a treatable disease. The Canyon Lodge Park Service Information symptoms which develop in 5-15 days Desk. include nausea, fatigue, muscle weakness, •Camp only within designated campsites and headaches. If you have these symptoms in the National Park. Violators may be after your visit to the Grand Canyon, fined. contact your physician, and the Arizona • Visitors are responsible for knowing Department of Health (602) 230-5918. park rules and regulations. HE RAND ANYON ATIONAL ARR THE QUIDE TO T G C N P 5 HE RAND ANYON ATIONAL 6 THE 'QUIDE jo T G C N PARK

On a clear day at the Grand Canyon it is possible to see 200 miles or more.

Under certain conditions a combination of manmade pollutants and natural sources reduces the range of visibility to less than 80 miles.

E On September 5, 1989, the EPA .L or decades, visitors from all over the important contributor to poor visibility sources. This information comes from world have come to northern Arizona to nationwide is fine sulfate particles. These monitoring stations located on the rim of used the findings of the WHITEX study to see the Grand Canyon. Today there is are primarily the result of sulfur oxide the canyon. Photographs show that on support a proposed ruling which finds that evidence that we are seeing less of it than emissions from power plants and other some occasions the visible haze is the Navajo Generating Station is "a major we used to, and about half of the industrial sources. primarily below the rim, and that the contributor to the winter pollution haze" at reduction in visibility at the Grand At the Grand Canyon, analysis shows problem may be even greater than these Grand Canyon. By Summer 1990, the EPA Canyon may be due to human sources. that about half of the visibility reduction numbers indicate. will propose a second ruling which will A growing body of scientific data is due to sulfate particles. During the Next, the Navajo Generating Station's outline the amount of pollution control collected over the past twelve years has summer months, this pollution comes contribution to poor visibility was equipment to be required at the plant. Both enabled National Park Service (NPS) from distant sources. Cars, copper calculated. Tracer data for days with the smelters, and other industries in southern of these rulings are subject to a 60-day researchers to characterize the air quality worst visibility were analyzed using two public comment period. Comments may be California, southern Arizona, New different techniques. Similar results from at the Grand Canyon, to identify the addressed to: Environmental Protection causes of air pollution and poor visibility, Mexico, and Mexico are suspected as the both analyses show that on these days the cause. Navajo Generating Station's average Agency, 401 M Street SW, Washington, and to begin to pinpoint sources of these D.C. 20460. pollutants. For example, recent research However, prevailing weather patterns contribution to observed visibility shows that the Navajo Generating Station, indicate that winter haze might be reduction was 40-50%, and on two of the Many diverse groups, including a coal-fired power plant located about 100 primarily due to local sources. Because three worst visibility days it was 60-75%. environmental organizations and the joint miles northeast of Grand Canyon Village the Grand Canyon is hundreds of miles Third, prevailing weather conditions owners of the Navajo Generating Station near Page, Arizona, may contribute from a major urban area, and there is during the WHITEX study were (the Salt River Project, U.S. Bureau of significantly to reduced wintertime little industry in the region, the Navajo examined. The days with the worst Reclamation, Arizona Public Service visibility at the Grand Canyon. Generating Station was suspected as a visibility were found to be linked to source because it has no sulfur dioxide Company, Los Angeles Department of In 1916, when the NPS was established specific weather conditions. A build-up of Water and Power, Nevada Power, and by Congress, the new agency was directed (SGYJ emission control equipment This air pollution from local sources resulted plant is now estimated to be the single when there was a regional high pressure Tucson Gas and Electric) have an interest to "conserve the scenery and the natural in this issue, and not all of them are in objects . . . and to provide for the largest S02 emission source in the west. system and an inversion. Historical To test this assumption the NPS, in weather data show that between agreement with the EPA ruling. Some have enjoyment of the same in such manner. . . called for additional studies, and others as to leave them unimpaired for future cooperation with the Environmental November and March these weather generations." Protection Agency (EPA) and the electric conditions occur about 30% of the time in wonder who will pay for the proposed Preserving air quality was implied in utility industry, conducted the Winter this area. pollution control systems. Although these this statement, but specific laws to protect Haze Intensive Tracer Experiment Based on the analysis of the WHITEX pollution controls are anticipated to cost up air resources, especially visibility, came in (WHITEX) for six weeks during the data, the NPS feels that it is reasonable to to several billion, the increase to an 1977 when Congress amended the Clean winter of 1987. conclude that between November and individual consumer's monthly electric bill Air Act with provisions to "remedy any This was a regionwide field study to March, manmade pollution causes a would be little more than the price of a existing and prevent any future manmade see if winter haze at Grand Canyon noticeable visibility problem at the Grand candy bar. National Park and other parks of the Canyon under certain weather conditions visibility impairment" in "Class I" areas. As policy options are discussed, The Grand Canyon was designated a region could be that are present up to 30% of the time. Class I area at this time, along with 47 attributed to the Navajo Generating Under these winter conditions, the the National Park Service remains firm in other units of the national park system. Station. In addition to a stepped-up Navajo Generating Station is the single its commitment to protection of park Charged with the responsibility for program of visibility and particulate largest contributor to poor visibility at the resources. The NPS now realizes that protecting air quality in these areas, the monitoring, a chemical tracer was injected Grand Canyon, causing 40-50% of the efforts to preserve Class I air quality at National Park Service began an extensive into the stacks of the NGS during the problem on the average, and up to 70% Grand Canyon must of necessity require program of research and monitoring in WHITEX study. This tracer served as a of the problem on the worst days. that changes be made outside the park's order to fulfill this obligation. fingerprint to track emissions from the In February 1989, the NPS presented boundary. If these efforts successfully reach Through an ongoing program powerplant as they spread over the region. these conclusions to the Environmental out and control the sources of pollution, coordinated by the NPS Air Quality Analysis of the WHITEX data involved Protection Agency. Under the visibility the quality of the air will be improved not Division in Denver and Fort Collins, several steps. First, the data were provisions of the Clean Air Act, "if a just at the Grand Canyon, but nationwide. Colorado, park personnel have collected evaluated to determine the kinds of gases major stationary source began operating data in the field using equipment as and particles present in the air. Analysis after August 7, 1962, and emits any air simple as 35mm cameras, and as showed that fine particles were pollutant which may reasonably be sophisticated as computers. Combined responsible for most of the visibility anticipated to cause or contribute to any The Guide is published by Grand Canyon with knowledge of weather and wind reduction, and that the largest share of visibility impairment in a Class I area, Natural History Association to provide patterns, this information has enabled the these fine particles was sulfates. then that source shall be required to information about Grand Canyon National National Park Service to determine the On the days with the worst visibility, install and operate 'best available retrofit Park. Copyright 1990 GCNHA causes and sources of poor visibility in sulfates were responsible for 73% of the technology' (BART) to eliminate or many park service areas. Visibility is visibility reduction from manmade reduce such impairment." Evelyn Bettencourt, Guide Editor reduced by natural sources such as water McQuiston & Daughter, Inc., Designers droplets, forest fires, and windblown dust, but research suggests that the single most BY POLLY HAYS The Guide is printed on recycled paper. GRAND CANYON NATURAL HISTORY ASSOCIATION: Aid to Grand Canyon National Park PUBLICATIONS MEMBERSHIP BOOKS TRAIL GUIDES CASSETTE Grand Canyon Natural History Association (GCNHA) is one of more than CANYON LIFESONGS by Rita Cantu. 60 National Park Cooperating Associations ALONG THE RIM by Nancy Loving. POCKET-SIZE GUIDES 45 minutes of mellow vocals and orches­ throughout the United States. The associ­ A brief discussion of plant and animal life An informative series of trail guides tration. Songs written about and in the ations' primary function is to support interp­ on the South Rim, and guide to points containing information about the cultural canyonlands of the Colorado Plateau, and retation and related visitor services at along East and West rim drives from and natural history of the area, as well as performed by the composer. $9.95 Desert View to Hermits Rest. 56 full- trail maps and photographs. 20-48 pp. National Parks. Cooperating associations color and black-and-white photographs, $2.95 each FOR CHILDREN operate sales areas in Park Service visitor four maps, landmark keys. 52 pp. $2.95 BRIGHT ANGEL HERMIT facilities, offering publications and theme- GRANDVIEW NORTH KAIBAB WHERE DO I LOOK? by Franklin and related items that help visitors to better GRAND CANYON GEOLOGY ALONG HAVASU SOUTH KAIBAB Huey. A child's look at the Grand Canyon understand the park and its resources. BRIGHT ANGEL TRAIL by David NEW! BASS, NORTH & SOUTH provides the opportunity to recognize Cooperating associations further aid the Thayer. This lucid explanation of Grand where we all fit in the scheme of nature. National Park Service through donations to Canyon geology contains 30 photos, 30 GUIDE TO HIKING THE INNER For young children. 42 B/W photographs. support interpretive, educational, and line drawings, and CANYON by Scott Thybony. Descriptions 40 pp. $7.50 research activities. 5 section maps of Bright Angel Trail. and maps of major trails and routes in Over the years the GCNHA has donated 6"x8-l/2" wirebound. 100 pp. $8.95 Grand Canyon National Park. Includes EXPLORING THE GRAND CANYON by well over $1 million in aid to the National information on backcountry reservations, Lynne Foster. A lively yet comprehensive Park Service. These grants fund a wide GUIDE TO GRAND CANYON VILLAGE safety, and minimum impact hiking. look at the natural and cultural history of variety of activities such as wayside exhibits, HISTORIC DISTRICT by Timothy Manns. 43 pp. $2.95 the Grand Canyon, and the hikes and library books and periodicals, audio-visual Illustrated booklet describing historic activities awaiting children today. Ages productions and equipment, free publications, buildings in Grand Canyon Village on the VIDEO 9-12. Richly illustrated. 9"x9" 160 pp. honorariums for training lectures, environ­ South Rim. 24 pp. $2.50 $14.95 mental education, museum exhibits and equipment, volunteer-in-park programs, and RIVER SONG: A NATURAL HISTORY memberships in educational, scientific, or LN THE HOUSE OF STONE AND OF THE COLORADO RIVER, narrated by NEW! historical societies. LIGHT by J. Donald Hughes. Detailed Richard Chamberlain. The river is the GRAND CANYON WILDFLOWERS by GCNHA members receive a 20% dis­ look at the human history of Grand lifeblood of the Grand Canyon, yet Phillips and Richardson. A field guide to count on all publications purchased in its Canyon before and after it became a because of its remoteness it was not the wildflowers of the Grand Canyon area. stores or by mail order. Most other National national park. Historic photographs. explored completely until 1869. Even 160+ color plates representing 140 species. Park Service Cooperating Associations will 137 pp. $9.50 today it is a challenge to the adventure­ Quick reference to color, location and honor your GCNHA memberhsip card to some. In this award-winning film we see blooming season. 145 pp. $15.95 receive their designated discount on sale INTRODUCTION TO GRAND CANYON animals, plants, geology, and the great items. To become a member, visit any GEOLOGY by Michael Collier. The story river itself. 40 minutes. VHS, PAL. $29.95 of Grand Canyon geology in lay terms. GRAND CANON POSTER. Photographs GCNHA sales area or write to GCNHA, 40 color plates. 42 pp. $4.00 pb, $7.50 he by Christopher Brown combine with words P.O. Box 399, Grand Canyon, AZ 86023. POSTERS of John Wesley Powell to create a moving experience of the Canyon. 18"x24" $5.00 JAPANESE GUIDE TO THE GRAND Annual Memberships: CANYON by Masahiro Ohta. Introductory CANYON NATURE POSTER. Canyon Student $ 5.00 WILD ANIMALS FACE TO FACE. A set guide to Grand Canyon includes a map of rim setting filled with native birds, insects, Regular 10.00 of seven animal masks painted by wildlife the area. Written in Japanese specifically reptiles, and plants. Drawn by distin­ Lifetime Memberships: artist Elizabeth McClelland. Coyote, for Japanese visitors. 13 color plates. guished artist Lawrence Ormsby. Full Life Member 150.00 Bighorn, Tassel-eared squirrel, Ringtail, 26 pp. $5.00 Color. Includes key. 37"x25" $5.00 Patron 500.00 Homed lizard, Monarch butterfly, Raven. Benefactor 1,000.00 Each mask 5"x7" or larger. Set $7.95 (Individual or Corporate) JOHN WESLEY POWELL AND THE "I AM TEN THOUSAND CATHEDRALS ANTHROPOLOGY OF THE CANYON ROLLED INTO ONE." Tom Bean COUNTRY by John Wesley Powell. photograph shows Grand Canyon at its Reprint of the U.S. Geological Survey most dramatic. Il"xl4" $4.00 professional paper No. 670. Powell's ethnography dating back to the late 1800s. PUBLICATIONS ORDER FORM 30 pages. $4.00 MAPS

LIGHTFALL AND TIME: FIFTEEN GEOLOGIC MAP OF EASTERN PART Name SOUTHWESTERN NATIONAL PARKS OF GRAND CANYON NATIONAL by Bennett and Lamb. Paintings and essays Address_ PARK by Breed, Huntoon, and Billingsley. about Grand Canyon, Arches, Canyonlands, Colorful map graphically shows geologic _ztp_ and 12 other national parks. Informative formations of the Grand Canyon. $6.00 and inspirational. 64 pages, 15 color plates, Please send the following publications: 8"x8." $14.95 pb GEOLOGIC MAP OF HURRICANE QUANTITY TITLE PRICE FAULT ZONE AND VICINITY MOUNTAIN LYING DOWN: VIEWS OF WESTERN GRAND CANYON, THE NORTH RIM by Shoemaker, Euler, ARIZONA by Huntoon, Billingsley, and and Collier. The biologic, geologic, and cultural history of the North Rim of the Clark, 1981 edition. $6.00 Grand Canyon in lay terms. 36 pp. $3.00 GEOLOGIC MAP OF LOWER GRANITE GORGE AND VICINITY, WESTERN RECOLLECTIONS OF PHANTOM GRAND CANYON, ARIZONA by RANCH by Elizabeth Simpson. Pocket- Huntoon, Billingsley, and Clark, 1982 sized history of , the guest quarters at the bottom of the Canyon. edition. $6.00 Minimum credit purchase $5.00 Subtotal. Suggestions for day hikes. 28 pp. $2.50 Signature Members deduct 20% -. GEOLOGIC MAP OF VULCANS MasterCard # Membership dues + . RIVER RUNNERS OF THE GRAND THRONE AND VICINITY, WESTERN CANYON by David Lavender. A lively GRAND CANYON, ARIZONA by VISA #_ Postage and Handling + . Huntoon, Billingsley, and Clark, 1983 (Please Hit alt diem from your charge card.) history of river running on the Colorado Total Order. River as it winds its way through Grand edition. $6.00 Expiration Date Canyon; 1869 to the present. 75 B/W Phone ( ) photographs. 188 pp. $15.00 Grand Canyon Natural History Association POSTAGE & HANDLING RATES SKETCH OF GRAND CANYON P.O. Box 399 Grand Canyon, Arizona 86023 U.S. & CANADA FOREIGN AIRMAIL PREHISTORY by A. Trinkle Jones and 602-638-2481 FAX 602-638-2484 First book, audio cassette, video. First item $8.00 Robert Euler. An introduction to the calendar or folded map $4.00 Each additional item $2 00 anthropology and archaeology of Grand Each additional item 50 (Sorry, no tubed items sent abroad.) Canyon written in non-scientific terms. First map or poster in tube $5.00 Each additional item

Programs begin May 16 unless otherwise indicated.

PROGRAMS Sun Mon Tue Wed Thur Fri Sat

Nature Walk Explores plants and wildlife of the ponderosa pine forest, including wildflowers and the rare Kaibab squirrel. Moderately strenuous because of altitude and a 100-foot [30m] elevation change. Not 8:30 a.m. 8:30 a.m. 8:30 a.m. 8:30 a.m. 8:30 a.m. 8:30 a.m. 8:30 a.m. recommended for people with heart, respiratory, or walking difficulties. Meet at the Log Shelter on the east side of Lodge parking lot. Allow 1-1/2 hours for this 1-1/2-mile walk.

Geology Talk* Investigates how Grand Canyon was formed. Meet at East patio, Grand Canyon Lodge for 10:30 a.m. 10:30 a.m. 10:30 a.m. 10:30 a.m. 10:30 a.m. 10:30 a.m. 10:30 a.m. this 30 minute talk.

Point Imperial Talk*/Walk A 25-minute talk examines the Painted Desert and other unique features visible only from this point, the highest in 10:30 a.m. 10:30 a.m. 10:30 a.m. 10:30 a.m. 10:30 a.m. 10:30 a.m. 10:30 am. Grand Canyon. Followed by a 45-minute walk along the most spectacular section of the Ken Patrick Trail. Meet at Point Imperial. Begins May 23.

Geology Walk Along the way to Bright Angel Point we'll discuss formation of the Grand Canyon. 2:00 p.m. 2:00 p.m. 2:00 p.m. 2:00 p.m. 2:00 p.m. 2:00 p.m. 2:00 p.m. Moderately strenuous because of altitude and 100- foot [30 m] elevation change. Meet at East Patio, Grand Canyon Lodge for this 1-hour, 1/2-mile walk.

Archaeology Talk Meet Ranger at Walhalla Overlook for a 45-minute talk & tour of the largest 2:00 p.m. 2:00 p.m. 2:00 p.m. 2:00 p.m. 2:00 p.m. 2:00 p.m. 2:00 p.m. excavated Indian Ruin on the North Rim.

Geology Talk Join a Ranger at the Cape Royal Amphitheater for a 30-minute talk on the geology of the Grand Canyon with special emphasis on features 4:00 p.m. 4:00 p.m. 4:00 p.m. 4:00 p.m. 4:00 p.m. 4:00 p.m. 4:00 p.m. which may be seen from Cape Royal. Amphitheater is a 1/2-mile level walk from parking lot. Begins May 23.

History Talk* Learn about Spanish conquistadors, Franciscan monks, prospectors, adventurers, presidents, and scientists at Grand Canyon, and how 4:00 p.m. 4:00 p.m. 4:00 p.m. 4:00 p.m. 4:00 p.m. 4:00 p.m. 4:00 p.m. Grand Canyon National Park came to be. Meet at East patio, Grand Canyon Lodge, for this 30-minute talk.

Canyon Talk* A 30-minute "Ranger's Choice" topic explores some aspect of the Grand Canyon 5:00 p.m. 5:00 p.m. 5:00 p.m. 5:00 p.m. 5:00 p.m. 5:00 p.m. 5:00 p.m. story. Meet at East patio, Grand Canyon Lodge. Begins May 24.

Evening Program* Two programs nightly, (one located at Grand Canyon Lodge recreation room the other at Campground Amphitheater) cover some aspect of the Grand Canyon story. Topics posted in 8:00 p.m. 8:00 p.m. 8:00 p.m. 8:00 p.m. 8:00 p.m. 8:00 p.m. 8:00 p.m. the Grand Canyon Lodge and at Campground. Each program preceded by a 15-minute question and answer period. Dress warmly for the campground program. Allow 1 hour. Evening program at campground begins May 24.

Night Walk Meet at the East Patio of Grand Canyon Lodge for a look at the night sky or a discussion of night life in the Canyon. Flashlight 9:15 p.m. 9:15 p.m. 9:15 p.m. 9:15 p.m. 9:15 p.m. 9:15 p.m. 9:15 p.m. recommended. Allow 1 hour for this 1/2-mile walk. Begins May 24.

Children's Program A fun-filled 45 minutes of storytelling, songs, or games for children ages 4-10. 2:00 p.m. 2:00 p.m. 2:00 p.m. Meet at National Park Information Desk in Lodge. Begins May 27.

"•Indicates program is wheelchair assessible with assistance.

canyon, whereas runoff from the South Rim flows 7. "D" 300,000 hikers venture into the Canyon each 9. "C" Stopping in the road creates a hazard, and it Quiz answers away from the canyon. year. 50,000 stay overnight. is unlawful to feed animals within the park. 4. "E" Many serious problems threaten Grand Canyon, 8. "D" Running across the canyon is not 10. "C and D" Radiometric dating of igneous /. "C" 4 million visitors per year. making it important that citizens become involved in recommended, and should be attempted only by intrusions in the Vishnu Group gives an age of nearly 2. "C" The river cuts the depth of the canyon and park protection. experienced runners who have trained extensively for 1.7 billion years. The Vishnu is older than the carries away sediments. 5. "D" the trip. In 1988 there were 173 helicopter intrusions in it. 3. "True" Because the slopes toward 6. "C" Falls are an unfortunate result of carelessness evacuations and 300 medical assists for people who 11. "C" Winter 1990 snowfall totaled 8 ft. (2.44 m). the south, runoff from the North Rim flows into the near the rim. hiked farther than they should have. Record 1984-85, 25 ft. (7.62 m).