DISTRICT DISASTER MANAGEMENT PLAN - 2019 Thiru. T.ANBALAGAN, I.A.S Chairman & District Collector District Disaster Management Authority, Karur District. DISTRICT DISASTER MANAGEMENT PLAN - 2019 Page Chapter Title No. I Profile of the District 1 II District Disaster Management Plan (DDMP) 15 Hazard, Vulnerability, Capacity and Risk III 24 Assessment IV Institutional Mechanism 64 V Preventive and Mitigation Measures 72 VI Preparedness Measures 81 VII Response, Relief and Recovery Measures 99 Coordination Mechanism for Implementation of VIII 106 DDMP Standard Operating Procedures (sops) and Check IX 115 List x Sendai Framework Project - Action Taken Report 126 ANNEXURES 1 First Responders, NGO, Nodal Officers, Zonal Team 132 2 MAPS 150 3 IMPORTANT G.Os 163 4 Contact Numbers 166 Abbreviations BMPTC Building Material and Technology Promotion Council CBDRM Community Based Disaster Risk Management CBR Chemical-Biological-Radiological CF Critical Facilities CI Critical Infrastructure CoR Commissioner of Relief CWC Central Water Commission DC District Collector DDMA District Disaster Management Authority DDMP District Disaster Management Plan DEOC District Emergency Operations Centre DM Disaster Management EOC Emergency Operations Centre F&CS Food and Civil Supplies GDP Gross Domestic Product IAP Incident Action Plan IMD Indian meteorological Department NCC National Cadet Corps NDMA National Disaster Management Authority NDVI Normalized Difference Vegetation Index NGO Non-Governmental Organizations NH National Highways NRSC National Remote Sensing Centre PPP Public Private Partnerships RO Response Officer SDMA State Disaster Management Authority SEOC State Emergency Operations Centre SOP Standard Operating Procedures TNPL Tamil Nadu Newsprint and Paper Limited UNISDR United Nations Office for Disaster Risk Reduction Karur District Disaster Management Plan- 2019 CHAPTER-I PROFILE OF THE DISTRICT 1.1 Geographical Location Karur district is the 27th largest district by area in the State of Tamil Nadu. The district is located in the central part of the State between 10°45’ and 11°45’ of the northern latitude and 77°45’ and 78°07’ of the eastern longitude. The district is bordered by Tiruchirappalli district on the east, Namakkal and Tiruchirappalli districts on the north, Erode and Tiruppur districts on the west and Dindigul District on the south. 1.2 Background of the District The headquarters of the district, Karur, is one of the oldest towns in Tamil Nadu and has played a very significant role in the glorious history and culture of the Tamils. It has been built on the banks of river Amaravathi that was called Annaporunai during the Sangam days. It has been the battle ground of various Tamil Kings like Chera, Chola, Pandya and Pallavas because of its strategic location and has been sung by many poets of Sangam period. The names of the early Chera Kings, who ruled from Karur, have been found in the rock inscriptions in Aru Nattar Malai close to Karur. The Tamil Epic Silapathikaram mentions that the famous Chera King, Cheran Senguttuvan, ruled from Karur. The Greek scholar, Ptolemy, has mentioned about “Korevora” which was a very famous inland trading centre in Tamil Nadu. After the early Cheras, Karur was conquered and ruled by Pandyas followed by Pallavas and later Chloas. Karur was ruled for a long time by Chola Kings and the Naickers followed by Tippu Sultan. The British added Karur to their possessions after destroying the Karur Fort during their war against Tippu Sultan in 1783. There is a memorial at Rayanur near Karur for the warriors who lost their lives in the fight against the British in the Anglo Mysore war. Thereafter, Karur became part of British India and was first part of Coimbatore District. In 1910, it became a part of Tiruchirappalli District. On 30th September 1995, Karur District was formed by trifurcating of Tiruchirappalli District. 1 Karur District Disaster Management Plan- 2019 1.3 Administrative Divisions The district constitutes 2 Revenue divisions and 7 Taluks (Karur, Aravakurichi, Pugalur, Kulithalai Krishnarayapuram, Kadavur and Manmangalam), 8 Development Blocks, 2 Municipalities, 20 Firkas, 203 Revenue villages, 11 Town Panchayats, 157 Village Panchayats and 2179 habitations. Administrative Divisions of Karur District Number Panchayats of No of Taluk Name Name of the Block Revenue Firkas Total Habitations villages 14 214 Karur Karur 22 3 Thanthoni 17 255 Aravakurichi 40 3 Aravakurichi 20 302 Pugalur 27 3 K.Paramathi 30 454 Manmangalam 21 3 Krishnarayapuram Krishnarayapuram 25 3 23 250 (Part) Kulithalai 13 99 Kulithalai 45 3 Thogamalai 20 326 Kadavur 23 2 Kadavur 20 279 Total 203 20 Total 157 2179 1.4 Physiography The general elevation of the district is ranging between 100m and 200m above mean sea level. Rangamalai hills and Kadavur hills in the southern side of the district constitutes the remnants of the much denuded Eastern Ghats and rise to the height of over 1,031m above mean sea level. From these hills, the district slopes gently towards northeast and forms a vast stretch of plain till the eastern border of the district. There are numerous small residual hills represented by Ayyarmalai, Thanthonimalai and Velayuthampalayam hills. The prominent geomorphic units identified in the district through interpretation of satellite images are:structural hill, pediments, shallow pediments, buried pediments and alluvial plain. 2 Karur District Disaster Management Plan- 2019 1.5 Drainage 1.5.1 Rivers The major part of Karur District is drained by Cauvery River, which also forms northern boundary of the district. Amaravathi and Kodaganar rivers are other important rivers draining on the western part of the district and the river Pungar drains in eastern part of the district. The drainage pattern, in general, is dendritic. All the rivers are seasonal and carry substantial flows during monsoon period. The river Amaravathi flows from the Anamalai and Travancore hills and traverses through K. Paramathi, Aravakurichi, Thanthoni and Karur Taluks and joins with Cauvery at Nerur. The rivers Amaravathi and Cauvery and their tributaries provide irrigation potential for a portion of the district. Kodaganar, which is one of the important tributary of Amaravathi River, originating in Rangamalai hills located in the border of Karur and Dindigul Districts, it flows from south to north and joins the river Amaravathi at Karuvadampatti. Nanganji River, flowing in the western part of the district, has its origin from the Kottaivali hills in Dindigul District. It flows towards north through Aravakurichi and K. Paramathi Taluks and joins the river Amaravathi at Ariyur. Pungar River flowing across the eastern part of the district has its origin in the Kadavur hills located in the southern part of Karur District. It flows towards north through Kadavur and Krishnarayapuram Taluks and joins the river Cauvery at Timmachalapuram. 1.5.2 Lakes / Reservoirs In Karur District 3 reservoires located in Panchajapatti Village in Krishnarayapuram Taluk, Noyyal Athupalayam reservoirs in Karvazhi Village in Aravakurichi Taluk and Ponnaniyar Dam located in Kadavur Taluk.64 Channels and 126 Tanks spreads accros the district. Water bodies in the district PWD Local Bodies Total Grand Total No.of No.of No.of No.of No.of No.of No.of No.of No.of Channels Reservoirs Tank Channels Reservoirs Tank Channels Reservoirs Tank 29 3 18 35 - 108 64 3 126 193 3 Karur District Disaster Management Plan- 2019 1.6 Climate The district falls under the agro-climatic zone of the southern plateau and hills with semi-arid and dry sub-humid tropical climate. The period from March to May is generally hot and dry. The weather is pleasant during the period from November to January. The relative humidity is generally between 40% and 80%. But, from February to July, the air is comparatively drier in the afternoon. 1.6.1 Temperature The mean maximum temperature ranges from 26.7° C to 38.56° C and the mean minimum temperature ranges from 18.7° C to 29.3° C. The daytime heat is oppressive and the temperature is as high as 43.9°C. The following table gives the mean maximum and minimum temperature that recorded in K.Paramathi weather station. Mean maximum and minimum temperatures (in degree Celsius) Year of 2009-2019 1.6.2 Rainfall The district receives rain under the influence of both southwest and northeast monsoons. The Northeast monsoon chiefly contributes to the rainfall 4 Karur District Disaster Management Plan- 2019 in the district. Most of the precipitation occurs in the form of cyclonic storms caused due to the depressions in Bay of Bengal. The Southwest monsoon rainfall is highly erratic and summer rains are negligible. The average annual rainfall of Karur district is 652.2 mm. The table below gives the normal and actual rainfall in the district during the Southwest monsoon, Northeast monsoon, Winter season and Hot weather season in 2005-17 (in mm). Normal and actual rainfall in the district during 2005-2018 (in mm) 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 Month Season Normal 1.27 Jan 9 0 5.17 0.95 4.18 1.56 1.52 0 2.06 0.08 0.25 26.28 0 19.47 17.81 Feb 7.8 0 0 0 1.53 0 0 2.49 0.59 27.06 0 0 0 0 Winter 19.08 Total 16.8 0 5.17 0.95 5.71 1.56 1.52 2.49 2.65 27.14 0.25 26.28 0 19.47 19.11 March 13 33.98 30.76 0 118.6 2.98 0 4.3 0.17 4.01 0 6.3 0 46.44 2.92 April 34.5 112.2 47.83 37.3 6.38 19.37 4.73 105.3 83.17 19.21 0.29 124.79 2.68 12.55 127.34 May 62 88.01 37.25 57.24 79.64 49.95 131.25 35.71 88.7 47 112.73 112.15 129.93 70.05 Summer 149.37 Total