Thanksgiving (Canada) - Wikipedia
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11/20/2017 Thanksgiving (Canada) - Wikipedia Thanksgiving (Canada) Thanksgiving (French: Action de grâce), or Thanksgiving Day (Jour de l'action de grâce) is an annual Canadian holiday, occurring on Thanksgiving the second Monday in October, which celebrates the harvest and other blessings of the past year.[1] Thanksgiving has been officially celebrated as an annual holiday in Canada since November 6, 1879.[2] The date, however, was not fixed and varied by year, though it was commonly the third Monday in October.[2] On January 31, 1957, the Governor General of Canada Vincent Massey issued a proclamation stating: "A Day of General Thanksgiving to Almighty God for the bountiful harvest with which Canada has been Shopping for pumpkins for blessed – to be observed on the second Monday in October."[3] Thanksgiving in Ottawa's ByWard Market Contents Observed by Canada 1 Statutory holiday Type Cultural 2 Traditional celebration Significance A celebration 3 History 4 See also of being 5 References thankful for 6 External links what one has and the Statutory holiday bounty of the Thanksgiving is a statutory holiday in most of Canada, with the previous exceptions being the Atlantic provinces of Prince Edward Island, year. Newfoundland and Labrador, New Brunswick, and Nova Scotia, where it is an optional holiday.[4] Companies that are regulated by the federal Celebrations Spending government (such as those in the telecommunications and banking sectors) recognize the holiday regardless of its provincial time with status.[5][6][7][8][9] Family, feasting, Traditional celebration religious As a liturgical festival, Thanksgiving corresponds to the English and continental European harvest festival, with churches decorated with practice cornucopias, pumpkins, corn, wheat sheaves, and other harvest bounty. Date Second English and European harvest hymns are sung on the Sunday of Thanksgiving weekend. Monday in https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thanksgiving_(Canada) 1/4 11/20/2017 Thanksgiving (Canada) - Wikipedia While the actual Thanksgiving holiday is on a Monday, Canadians may October gather for their Thanksgiving feast on any day during the long weekend. Foods traditionally served at Thanksgiving include roasted turkey, 2016 date October 10 stuffing, mashed potatoes with gravy, sweet potatoes, cranberry sauce, sweet corn, various autumn vegetables (mainly various kinds of 2017 date October 9 squashes but also Brussels sprouts), and pumpkin pie. Baked ham and 2018 date October 8 apple pie are also fairly common, and various regional dishes and desserts may also be served, including salmon, wild game, butter tarts, 2019 date October 14 and Nanaimo bars. Frequency annual In Canadian football, the Canadian Football League holds a nationally televised doubleheader, the Thanksgiving Day Classic. It is one of two Related to Thanksgiving weeks in which the league plays on Monday afternoons, the other being in the United the Labour Day Classic. Unlike the Labour Day games, the teams that play on the Thanksgiving Day Classic vary each year; the Montreal States Alouettes have traditionally held permanent hosting of the Thanksgiving games in recent years. Kitchener-Waterloo Oktoberfest holds a Thanksgiving parade on the holiday; it is broadcast on CTV on tape-delay. The parade consists of floats, civic figures in the region, local performance troupes and marching bands.[10] Canadian Thanksgiving coincides with the observance in the United States of Columbus Day and Indigenous Peoples' Day and has done so since the US implemented the Uniform Monday Holiday Act in 1971 (most countries in the Western Hemisphere fix Columbus Day to October 12). As such, American towns with high levels of Canadian tourism will often hold their fall festivals over Thanksgiving/Columbus Day weekend, in part to draw and accommodate Canadian tourists; Ellicottville, New York's Fall Festival has been identified as an "annual pilgrimage" for Canadians.[11] Border towns also often experience an uptick in shoppers at grocery stores, as Canadian shoppers take advantage of lower sales taxes and commodity prices in the United States over the long holiday.[12] The U.S. also has its own Thanksgiving, but on the fourth Thursday in November. History According to some historians, the first celebration of Thanksgiving in North America occurred during the 1578 voyage of Martin Frobisher from England, in search of the Northwest Passage.[2] His third voyage, to the Frobisher Bay area of Baffin Island in the present Canadian Territory of Nunavut, set out with the intention of starting a small settlement. His fleet of fifteen ships was outfitted with men, materials, and provisions. However, the loss of one of his ships through contact with ice, along with many of the building materials, was to prevent him from doing so. The expedition was plagued by ice and freak storms, which at times scattered the fleet; on meeting again at their anchorage in Frobisher Bay, "... Mayster Wolfall, a learned man, appointed by Her Majesty's Counsel to be their minister and preacher, made unto them a godly sermon, exhorting them especially to be thankful to God for their strange and miraculous deliverance in those so dangerous places ...". They celebrated Communion and "The celebration of divine mystery was the first sign, scale, and confirmation of Christ's name, death and passion ever known in all these quarters."[13] (The notion of Frobisher's service being first on the continent has come into dispute, as Spaniards conducted similar services in Spanish North America during the mid- 16th century, decades before Frobisher's arrival.[14][15]) Years later, French settlers, having crossed the ocean and arrived in Canada with explorer Samuel de Champlain, from 1604, also held feasts of thanks. They even formed the Order of Good Cheer and held feasts with their First Nations neighbours, at which food was shared. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thanksgiving_(Canada) 2/4 11/20/2017 Thanksgiving (Canada) - Wikipedia After the Seven Years' War ended in 1763, with New France handed over to the British, the citizens of Halifax held a special day of Thanksgiving. Thanksgiving days were observed beginning in 1799 but did not occur every year.[16] During and after the American Revolution, American refugees who remained loyal to Great Britain moved from the newly independent United States to Canada. They brought the customs and practices of the American Thanksgiving to Canada, such as the turkey, pumpkin, and squash.[17] Lower Canada and Upper Canada observed Thanksgiving on different dates; for example, in 1816 both celebrated Thanksgiving for the termination of the war of 1812 between France, the U.S. and Great Britain, with Lower Canada marking the day on May 21 and Upper Canada on June 18.[16] In 1838, Lower Canada used Thanksgiving to celebrate the end of the Lower Canada Rebellion.[16] Following the rebellions, the two Canadas were merged into a Canadian troops attend a united Province of Canada, which observed Thanksgiving six times from 1850 Thanksgiving service in the [16] to 1865. During this period, Thanksgiving was a solemn, mid-week bombed-out Cambrai Cathedral, in [18] celebration. France in October 1918 The first Thanksgiving Day after Canadian Confederation was observed as a civic holiday on April 5, 1872, to celebrate the recovery of the Prince of Wales (later King Edward VII) from a serious illness.[19] For many years before it was declared a national holiday in 1879, Thanksgiving was celebrated in either late October or early November. From 1879 onward, Thanksgiving Day has been observed every year, the date initially being a Thursday in November.[20] After World War I, an amendment to the Armistice Day Act established that Armistice Day and Thanksgiving would, starting in 1921, both be celebrated on the Monday of the week in which November 11 occurred.[19] Ten years later, in 1931, the two days became separate holidays, and Armistice Day was renamed Remembrance Day. From 1931 to 1957, the date was set by proclamation, generally falling on the second Monday in October, except for 1935, when it was moved due to a general election.[16][19] In 1957, Parliament fixed Thanksgiving as the second Monday in October.[19] The theme of the Thanksgiving holiday also changed each year to reflect an important event to be thankful for. In its early years it was for an abundant harvest and occasionally for a special anniversary.[16] See also Thanksgiving Public holidays in Canada References 1. "The odd, complicated history of Canadian Thanksgiving - Macleans.ca" (http://www.macleans.ca/opinion/the-odd-c omplicated-history-of-canadian-thanksgiving/). October 5, 2017. Retrieved October 9, 2017. 2. Thanksgiving Day (http://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/thanksgiving-day/), Canadian Encyclopedia 3. Kelch, Kalie (August 27, 2013). Grab Your Boarding Pass (https://books.google.com/books?id=9diHAAAAQBAJ&pg =RA9-PA12#v=onepage&q&f=false). Review & Herald Publishing Association. p. 12. ISBN 9780812756548. Retrieved November 28, 2014. 4. "Statutory Holidays in Canada" (http://www.statutoryholidays.com/index.php). Retrieved October 6, 2012. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thanksgiving_(Canada) 3/4 11/20/2017 Thanksgiving (Canada) - Wikipedia 5. "Paid public holidays" (http://www.workrights.ca/content.php?sec=9). WorkRights.ca. 6. "Thanksgiving - is it a Statutory Holiday?" (http://www.gov.ns.ca/lwd/employmentrights/thanksgiving.asp). Government of Nova Scotia. Retrieved October 13, 2008. 7. "Statutes, Chapter E-6.2" (http://www.gov.pe.ca/law/statutes/pdf/e-06_2.pdf) (PDF). Government of Prince Edward Island. Retrieved October 13, 2008. 8. "RSNL1990 Chapter L-2 - Labour Standards Act" (http://assembly.nl.ca/Legislation/sr/statutes/l02.htm#14_). Assembly of Newfoundland. Retrieved October 13, 2008. 9. "Statutory Holidays" (http://www.hrsdc.gc.ca/en/lp/spila/clli/eslc/stat_hol.pdf) (PDF). Ministry of Human Resources and Social Development, Canada. 10. "Parade - Kitchener-Waterloo Oktoberfest: Welcome to Kitchener-Waterloo Oktoberfest Thanksgiving Day Parade" (http://kwoktoberfestparade.oktoberfest.ca).