PILTAWODLI: 82
3.0 ADELAIDE PARK LANDS & SQUARES
3.0 ADELAIDE PARK LANDS & SQUARES 3.1.1 Piltawodli/Park 1 Report
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8 but clearly William but clearly William orically incorrectly
PILTAWODLI: cating the master survey and the posed site for a Botanic Garden on a Botanic posed site for Source: ACC Archives. Source: ACC was never actioned was never dicates an often hist dicates an ct from an economic garden, being an from ct for sale to immigrants and investors. The image is image The and investors. immigrants to sale for
3.0 ADELAIDE PARK LANDS & SQUARES Figure Figure ected Colonial Store and Iron Store in the centre of the centre of in the Iron Store Store and ected Colonial as his preferred option. as his preferred option. h Piltawodli/Park 1 today, and a pro today, h Piltawodli/Park 1 r-coloured Plan of Adelaide 1837 indi Plan of Adelaide r-coloured y of a botanical garden, as distin garden, as y of a botanical tion of the watercolourist. This site tion of to the middle left edge. The latter in latter The edge. left middle the to
established in Adelaide and proposed this location this location proposed and Adelaide established in assumed “island” location on the River Torrens/Karrawirra Parri. The “island” however never existed and the the and existed never however “island” The Parri. Torrens/Karrawirra River on the location “island” assumed discre the colouration in this map was possibilit thinking about the Light was Extract of Colonel William Light’s wate Extract of Colonel prepared being Adelaide North and Adelaide in allotments interesting in that it records the sites of the newly er newly the of sites the records it in that interesting throug route roadway a proposed image, the River Torrens/Karrawirra Parri the Torrens/Karrawirra River
29, 28 and 27. Tulya the City of Adelaide definition includes all rk 27 was used for various military activities, rk 27 was used for various e North Adelaide Station Road, now closed. It nded by Strangways Terrace, Mills d to Park 12 arising from the re-alignment of the re-alignment of Montefiore Drive, and contained with Tulya Wodli/Park 27. For the ion’ and now renamed as Piltawodli/Park 1. also originally called the Victoria Bridge. inally comprised Parks 1, inally cluding a Colonial Store, Iron Stores and an 60s, and by this time most of the indigenous 73.69 ha respectively. The below map indicates uded the closures of the North Adelaide Station and the portion of land between the railway line ad, now closed, to Mildred Road. Park 29 ran s in the late 1940s, revised to and subsequent Terrace is now designated as Tulya Woldi/Park Terrace 1 because of efficiencies management e River Torrens/Karrawirra Parri banks. This e River Torrens/Karrawirra large golf course complex with the same southern Golf Course expanse, a portion of has been applied despite discussions by Hemming 28, and 29 were used for grazing, fire wood 28, and thern portions resulted in additional land being 60s, Parks 1, 28 and 29 were combined as one on Road, now closed, to Jeffcott Street. (2005) that merge the riverscape area in Tulya Wodli/Park 27 with the al
et and the River Torrens/Karrawirra Parri to Park and the River Torrens/Karrawirra These comprised areas of 14.24, 8.13, 14.16 and the original Park Land blocks. The Golf Course overall comprises old Sections No. 27 No. 29 (20/1/36 acres or or 73.66ha) No. 28 (35/0/28 acres 14.175ha), (182/0/19 acres 8.149ha) and No. 1 (35/2/19 acres or 13.039ha). These areas are depicted in the below map of by the Council. 1927 prepared Piltawodli/Park 1 Historical Overview: Site Context Piltawodli/Park 1 orig Light’s plan, Arising from Wodli/Park 27 originally comprised the entire Park ran northwards, along the Railway Line to th has now been redesignated as Piltawodli/Park 1 27 where previously it was Park 27A and 27B. Piltawodli/Park 1 by contemporary Corporation of park lands north of War Memorial Drive and bou Barton Terrace, Jeffcott Road and Park Terrace. It excludes land between War Memorial Drive Parri which is and the River Torrens/Karrawirra purposes of this Report, spatial approach from Mildred Road to the now closed Barton Road. Park 1, occasionally called the ‘Horse Paddock’ in Council reports, ran from Bart Several boundary changes occurred subsequent to the spatial survey of Parks. Parts Montefiore Hill in Park 27 were excised and adde Montefiore Drive. Road closures in the nor practices as the three areas were effectively one management regimes and practices. From the 1850s to late 1870s Park 1, collection, limestone excavation and agistment. Pa grazing, and for various government purposes in This history is reviewed in the following pages. Parts of Parks 1, 27, 28, and 29 were fenced white-painted timber post and wire in the late 18 vegetation had been effectively removed from Piltawodli/Park 1. Montefiore Hill now excised as a consequence of land including War Memorial Drive down to th (1998) and Draper upper Golf Course area into a generic discussion under ‘Piltawodli/Park 1’. Park 28 ran from the North Adelaide Station Ro added to Parks 1, 28 and 29. These closures incl Road, Barton Road. Morphett Road Bridge was management unit under the designation of Park Aboriginal settlement notionally called the ‘Locat With the extension of golf course northward Park Lands management practices in the 19
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PILTAWODLI: 0/28 acres or 14.175ha), acres or 14.175ha), 0/28 proved pavements’, pavements’, proved in Piltawodli/Park 1 and Tuyla and in Piltawodli/Park 1 res or 73.66ha) No. 28 (35/ 73.66ha) No. res or 3.0 ADELAIDE PARK LANDS & SQUARES Figure Figure d No. 1 (35/2/19 acres or 13.039ha). No. 1 (35/2/19 acres d by the City Engineer ‘showing im ‘showing Engineer City the by l designations for Park segments l Map of the City of Adelaide prepared City of Adelaide the Map of 1927, depicting the former numerica 1927, depicting Wodli/Park 27, including Sections No. 27 (182/0/19 ac No. 27 (182/0/19 27, including Sections Wodli/Park No. 29 (20/1/36 acres or 8.149ha) an acres or 8.149ha) (20/1/36 No. 29
ontefiore Road to Park Terrace. Note the Iron the Iron Note Terrace. Road to Park ontefiore Figure Figure by the City Surveyors Office, 11 February 1865, depicting depicting Office, 11 February 1865, Surveyors City the by a ‘Proposed Road’ from a ‘Proposed M Store near Strangways Terrace. Source: ACC Archive. Archive. ACC Source: Terrace. Strangways near Store Extract of a ‘Plan of the City of Adelaide’ prepared Adelaide’ City of the Extract of a ‘Plan Quarters Sappers and Location’ ‘Aboriginal with the associated structures three 1 with Piltawodli/Park of much with 27 together Wodli/Park in Tulya
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8 e Adelaide Gaol e Adelaide
PILTAWODLI: Note the detail for the igines Location’, th igines ed fencing structures. ed fencing st of the huts and buildings being demolished ining structures. All Aboriginal residents were ining structures. All Aboriginal residents the rest” were allowed to remain. The children, dormitories previously occupied by the Sappers rs thereupon took over the ‘Location’ site 3.0 ADELAIDE PARK LANDS & SQUARES new location immediately east of the of a Image: Stores’) and it associat Stores’) d fencing. Source: ACC Archives. Archives. ACC Source: d fencing. of Adelaide’, 1842, depicting the ‘Abor the depicting of Adelaide’, 1842, Colonial Store including buildings an buildings Colonial Store including Extract of George Kingston’s ‘Map Kingston’s George Extract of Iron Colonial Store (or the [Jail], and In 1845 the ‘Location’ was disbanded in favour Government House Domain. This resulted in mo and the military Sappers taking charge of rema the site. Only Klose, who continued to live in his house, and “3 old people 2 ordered from children who were not in a condition to go with together with children from the Walkerville School, were taken to the ‘Native School Establishment’ in Kintore Avenue and placed in and Miners (engineers). The Sappers Mine a straight line to mine tives most commonly have the old Location fence 400 is ‘Location’ in a letter of teacher Oldhams stands in the two others are under construction rk Lands between the South Side of individually fenced in and, in addition, a discusses these at length (Hemming discusses he natives is to be built in [be] uth Adelaide where the na Park 27 which hosts the majority of sites and stward and Westward of Protector of Aborigines, Letterbook, 18 Protector llowing historical overview. Much of this al Drive, occurred in early 1838. Moravian of the River Torrens/Karrawirra Parri in April Report rrens on a triangular reach into the stream enclosing or activities, pre-contact post-contact, for ative Location’ or ‘Location’ ‘Aborigines ion’. The “ditch’ can be discerned in Freeling’s rnor designated that the “… northern boundary p. 6; Schürmann diary 12 July 1839). the “Location’” as consisting of a polygon shape not far from the Harbour Road” resulting in some esent War Memorial Drive alignment. Kingston’s ted to a “place chosen by the natives” along . My and Brother Teichelmann’s house, each stands in a uth Australia. Deputy Surveyor George Kingston , the first ‘Native Location’ or ‘Aboriginal ne in the western angle and that s as the line of the streambank determines. In this latter row here e area. The natives’ name for this section of land I have described is he natives have helped build, and allowed to locate on a plot of Pa the occupancy and function of th [0.8-1.2ha] the river bed are each to Piltawodli .5.26ha) (Kingston, Map of Adelaide, 1842; Hemming 1998, p. 37; Map of Adelaide, 1842; Hemming 1998, .5.26ha) (Kingston, c (Schürmann, letter to Angas, 12 June 1839; Harris 2005, pp. 5-6). [365.8m] (State Records, GRG 52/7/1, The adults have for six years been Port Road and the Torrens, extending to Ea yards February 1846, cited by Hemming 1998, p. 36). their camp. The spot is on the north side of the To about two to three English acres base corner, his in the eastern and mi near me. The gardens lying in fence is to be erected around the whol Piltawodly … on the site of parklands between North and So apex. For this last-mentioned house a row of houses for t and in a curved line to Teichelmann’ houses are already standing, which t 13 acres (5.26ha) being designated as the ‘Locat Freeling, Map of Adelaide, 1849; Harris 2005, The Protector of Aborigines noted 1846: should be the ditch or dry river bed, which is 1849 Map of Adelaide slightly north the pr ‘Map of Adelaide’, dated 1842, also designates with “roughly 13 acres” ( was formally established in the colony of So Map of Adelaide. identified the boundaries of this ‘Location’ in his 1842 South Australia’s second interim Protector for Aborigines, Captain Walter Bromley, first established the ‘Native Location’ site on edge 1837 within the Bonython Park area of Tulya Wodli/Park 27. This site, perceived to be on the former ‘botanic gardens’ site, was slightly shif As part of this encampment, the colonial Gove River in Tulya Wodli/Park 27 and not to a site adjacent to the present Weir and Restaurant. Both sites were very close to each other (Harris 2005, p. 11). Work constructing and developing the official ‘N Location’ site, between the Weir and War Memori Historical Overview: Aboriginal Associations There are considerable references to Kaurna sites Piltawodli/Park 1 and these are discussed in the fo discussion relates more particularly to Tulya Wodli/ 2005). 1998; Harris 1999, 2000, To the north side of the River Torrens/Karrawirra Parri, between and War Memorial Drive today, at a location called Pastor Schürmann described this new ‘Location’ as: where these activities primarily occurred and that
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PILTAWODLI: use, the Sappers Quarters, awodli/Park 1 located near awodli/Park rris (1998) overlaid on top of an autocad survey plan survey top of an autocad on rris (1998) overlaid lonial Store is within Pilt Store is within lonial n be seen, the ‘Piltawodli’ site or ‘Native Location’, is is Location’, ‘Native or site ‘Piltawodli’ the seen, n be 3.0 ADELAIDE PARK LANDS & SQUARES Figure Figure Sheds, School, Schürmann’s Ho Sheds, Teichelmann’s House. Teichelmann’s House.
Strangways Terrace. Note the locations of the Brick Brick the locations of Note the Terrace. Strangways the Attendant’s House, and The Piltawodli ‘Native Location’ buildings, derived from Ha derived from buildings, Location’ ‘Native Piltawodli The ca As Adelaide. of City the for prepared precinct of the Co the as where 27 today, Wodli/Park Tulya within located
d is predominantly d is predominantly and many of the men Adelaide … On passing the emned ones, were deeply touched and li’, which as indicate li’, which ons of the Sappers Quarters, Native Native Quarters, Sappers ons of the ngston’s (1842) maps of Adelaide ngston’s (1842) e. It was also the site of regular hangings 2005, p. 50. lonial Store and these events continued at the et al et elaide, whether they were held at the Adelaide pp. 20, 32; Sumerling 2003, pp. 15, 16; Draper 20, 32; Sumerling pp. ing buildings. Their occupancy is noted in I heard their touching laments and condolences ann’s House is positioned where two elderly Pepper Trees elderly two where House is positioned ann’s rded was of Michael Magee, which took place und the women and children ctures are recorded as “Sappers Quarters”. on the Park Land, North Figure Figure 1 June 1839, p. 5c1). Register ( ), also called the Iron Store, was erected on the upper tives and tribal friends of the cond (1998) using Freeling’s (1842) and Ki (1998) nnotations highlighting the likely locati highlighting the nnotations ary colour aerial photograph of ‘Piltawod aerial photograph colour ary Tinninyawodli ) are growing today. Source: Draper Draper Source: today. growing ) are molle var recorded the events as follows: A scaffold was erected in front of the iron stores native huts immediately after the execution, we fo lamenting, in a most piteous manner All the natives, particularly the rela (Schürmann, Diary 7 January 1840 cried very much. On many morning and evenings Register 2005, p. 27). Schinus aeria Schinus Composite map produced by Harris Composite map produced by superimposed upon a contempor within Tuyla Wodli/Park 27, with a Wodli/Park 27, with within Tuyla Teichelm Colonial Store. and ‘sheds’ School, Aboriginal ( of Indigenous men reinforcing the dominance of the colonialists over Indigenous peoples. of Indigenous men reinforcing the dominance colonialists over Public executions always drew large crowds in Ad Gaol, at the Mounted Police Barracks, or Co Store until 1858. The first public execution reco “from a large gum tree on the present day golf course at base of hill ‘a 100 yards [91.44m] from the iron stores’” (Hemming 1998, et al The reaches of the present Golf Course below Strangways Terrace. This was a regular venue for interchanges between colonialists and Indigenous peopl including school, gardens and most of the remain Freeling’s 1849 ‘Map of Adelaide’ where all stru The first Colonial Store (
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Map Ficus , 1849, depicting ) specimens in ) specimens Figure:
PILTAWODLI: Extract of Freeling’s ‘ Extract of Freeling’s of Adelaide’ the of the locations near ‘Colonial Store’, Terrace, Strangways with structures and associated for a ‘Reserve fencing, positioned Signal Station’ Store’ ‘Colonial above the on the westernescarpment of Strangways crest the ‘Sappers Terrace, present the near Quarters’ huts for the Weir, Torrens Aboriginals on the ‘Native present the on Location’ the course, golf Par 3 the Gaol’, ‘Adelaide northern railway line alignment reserve, a semi- across track lined tree Tulya 1 & Piltawodli/Park that 27 Wodli/Park the matches conceptually extant plantings of ( Figs Bay Moreton Source: ACC Archives. macrophylla War Memorial Drive Memorial War sweeping a and today, oblong-shaped carriage on drive circle that was Hill ‘Montefiore’ the never constructed, and River Torrens/Karrawirra Parri crossings in the that corner lower right on the bridge a include Street Morphett present original the Bridge and River Torrens/Karrawirra far to the ford Parri right bottom
3.0 ADELAIDE PARK LANDS & SQUARES
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PILTAWODLI:
3.0 ADELAIDE PARK LANDS & SQUARES
west of
tree-less plains tree-less .1855. Source: Carroll & Source: .1855. c érard depicting the the depicting érard érard prepared at a site on the a site on at prepared érard The scene is prepared looking east scene is prepared looking The where the Par 3, Torrens Weir and Weir and the Par 3, Torrens where round, and the Adelaide townscape the Adelaide and round, of trees and shrubs in the left the in shrubs trees and of
information about the absence of of absence the about information masonry Slaughter House, with House, Slaughter masonry terms of Piltawodli/Park 1 & Tulya & Tulya Piltawodli/Park 1 terms of Figures ark absence of all growing trees all growing of absence ark River Torrens/Karrawirra Parri
ford below, now under Lake Torrens, and and Lake Torrens, under ford below, now with the settlement of Adelaide in the centre centre the in of Adelaide settlement with the
Tregenza 1986, pp. 58, 78-79. Above: A sketch by Eugene von Gu A sketch Above: along the deeply incised and eroded banks of the River of eroded banks incised and deeply along the Parri Torrens/Karrawirra depicting the steeply incised and eroded embankments of the River the of embankments eroded and incised steeply the depicting st the Parri, Torrens/Karrawirra accentuatedthe by lonelydefoliated tree single specimenthe crest on samples ford, with overlooking the 27, the image repeats Wodli/Park sides of the vegetation on both lower parts of the Adelaide Golf Course are located today. today. located are Course Golf Adelaide the of lower parts Gu von Eugene sketch by Below: A River the old William Road overlooking King alignment of present Parri Torrens/Karrawirra as located was Garden Governor’s the where approximately foreground In Thomas Allen. by developed rear and the Adelaide Gaol in the right rear, taken from Tuyla Tuyla from taken rear, right the Gaol in Adelaide the and rear 1855. July 27, dated 30 Wodli/Park two-storey Corporation’s with the the walled foreground, right the to yards, holding and fencing associated middle-g the right to Goal Adelaide of side left on the evident is very landscape tree-less An open beyond. Parri the Torrens/Karrawirra River the King William Road alignment. King William Road alignment. the vegetation of extant the record as they relevant are Both images Tulya and within Parri Torrens/Karrawirra River the along removal by 27 and Piltawodli/Park1 Wodli/Park
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8 , 8 July 1857, 8 July 1857, The Register
PILTAWODLI: The Register ( sert of blinding, suffocating dust and the Montefiore Hill Coal deposit Hill Coal Montefiore and the h the … With such roads as now ng Aboriginal and or Kaurna historical or Kaurna historical and Aboriginal ng 2005, p. 27). ehicles but to deviate in all directions from the track, et al critique of the quality Park Lands, in as the Park Lands generally were commonplace 3.0 ADELAIDE PARK LANDS & SQUARES Figure Figure ery side and rendering it utterly useless an a quagmire in winter, and a de wrote in July 1857: nced roads are constructed throug Colonial Store, Aboriginal Location, Colonial Store, Aboriginal 17 June 1854, p. 4; 8 July 1857, p. 2), that were in many ways p. July 1857, 17 June 1854, p. 4; 8 The Register st-Contact Associations with the Ngadjuri people (Hemming 1998, pp. 40-41; Schürmann, with the Ngadjuri people (Hemming 1998, pp. 40-41; 2005, indicating sites identified as possessi sites identified 2005, indicating l 2005, p. 55. l 2005, et a et et al The Register Wirra meyunna The Park Lands will never be other th in summer, … unless properly fe disgrace the Park Lands there is no alternative for v thus cutting up acres of pasturage on ev p. 2). Extract fromDraper the association post-contact, including site. Source: Draper Draper Source: site. associates Diary, 7 January 1840; Amery, 1997, p. 3; Draper Diary, 7 January 1840; Amery, Historical Overview: Po Discussions by the Corporation and Mayors (Lord Mayors) about landscaping River Torrens/Karrawirra Parri embankments as well from the mid 1850s onwards. The thoughts may have really been prompted by critical comments and articles in including reports of public meetings that voiced (eg., 1854 onwards directed towards the colonial Governor than the Corporation. For example, the editor of
2005, pp. 27, 2005, pp. et al , buried near Morphett St ongoing part of Kaurna tion, associated physical e Strangways and Mills Piltawodli/Park 1 and e present Morphett Street oric associations of the area as an 2005, p. 49). 2005, p. 49). 2005, p. 49). to describe the place. While
et al et al = forest) ‘from the North’ Forster ing, etc, as well its central role in colonial (2005) have re-ascribed the toponym to (Draper rtant for the future, as an wirra of this significance is ‘confidential’ to the es of Aboriginal graves, indicating that the site has ry important to the Kaurna both spiritually tt St. Three cottages east of view. Sappers and Wirra meyunna ns including native vegeta grasses to keep child warm (Chalk in Tindale, 7 November 1926). et al the development of the golf course near as it passes through ore, was the Signal Station presumably meant to tedly uncover more evidence given the relative ontoured land formed as a consequence of the orks and plantings associated with the Golf immediately south of th . This research has confirmed the relative ed the reminisces of a Mr Chalk, an early chaeological evidence that demonstrates their e residents of the village Adelaide. It was a this location. In reviewing the area, Wilson (Wilson 1995, p. 29). cumented extant evidence associated with the Iron Stores. Amery provides the toponym of on the western side of th and archaeological sites, and the hist as ‘forest men’ ( to their cultural landscape (2005) have concluded that the cultural significance pertains to et al Wirra meyunna for this place and feature but Draper cultural life and relationship important place for pre-colonial habitation, ceremony, hunt and recent history. These factors make it equally impo … the physical status of the river, banks, and enviro evidence such as traditional burials Native child died and was … the mother lit fire over Bridge … Burial ground at north side about Morphe Still, works on the banks in this area turn up bon Miners Aboriginal shelters west of this, behind gaol not been completely destroyed by landscaping Tindale record In 1926 anthropologist Norman Adelaide ‘settler’, about the burial activities Tulya Wodli/Park 27. Further, that while the nature Kaurna the physical manifestations of this significance include: bridge: concluded that landscaping works associated with weir has affected the natural topography of this landscape thereby exposed evidence bones: Schürmann translated The presence of burials along the River Torrens/Karrawirra Parri from Bridge north- westwards towards the Railway Bridge in Tulya Wodli/Park 27 is also evidenced the findings of an archaeological honours study part Stores and Iron sites Piltawodli, Colonial the Colonial Stores. This was a regular camping location for Indigenous peoples according to Schürmann and he has recorded the designation of Located just above the Colonial Store, or Iron St signal the arrival of ships at Port Adelaide to th timber structure on a raised platform. The site is now marked only by a small obvious mound. The River Torrens/Karrawirra Parri corridor was ve and functionally. Draper both sides of the River Torrens/Karrawirra Parri 53-54). Harris’ (1999) research has identified and do positions of these structures and also surface ar existence under the veneer of new soils and re-c development of the golf course (Harris 1999, figure 14; Draper (Harris 1999, figure development of the golf course The remains of the first Colonial Store, located Terrace intersection, cannot now be discerned on the surface. Evidence of a wooden staircase, leading up the hill away from Store, was clear in 1980s but staircase has since been removed. Two nearby rubbish tips associated with the Store, also partially evident in the 1980s, are now also obscured due to changes in earthw Course. Archaeological excavations will undoub lack of landscape disturbance in this locality (Hemming 1998, p. 40; Draper Adjacent, to the west of Store, was the Tinninyawodli
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PILTAWODLI: ss and visual access to the far hill, and the landscape works works landscape far hill, and the the ent Morphett Street Bridge in Bridge Street ent Morphett decay already, and in another year of two will, if h ought therefore to be removed without delay, are st can be made of the site.” The reason was ew.” It was a tract of land regularly being used d that it was a “magnificent piece of land, and is, especially, of a very poor character” and the ons of trees along the top escarpment,
3.0 ADELAIDE PARK LANDS & SQUARES its “deep red loam” (Brown 1880, p. 13). The ” because of its openne ” because Figure ants” were growing “fairly well” but that the ng design proposal. The use of this area for ng design proposal. tence of several new plantations, presumably (Brown 13). 1880, p. looking north from near the pres from near looking north Samuel Way’s residence ‘Montefiore’ on ‘Montefiore’ residence Samuel Way’s Pike & Moore 1983, p. 73. p. 73. & Moore 1983, Pike ssp appear to the most inappropriately selected species in this location: Eucalyptus Those kinds of trees which will not succeed here and whic the Gums principally. These are showing evident signs of left on the ground disfigure it very much the open paddocks to the left, Sir left, the to paddocks the open Source: roadside. along the Morphett Street/Montefiore Road Road Morphett Street/Montefiore In terms of the southern portion, Brown observe has great capabilities in an ornamental point of vi reviews, parades, and sham fights for “military observe these activities from the Strangways Terrace escarpment. Given this practiced, Brown sought to enable its continuation in the planti military practices, particularly by the Adelaide Volunteers, continued for some forty years 64). 2003, p. (Brown 1880, p. 13; Sumerling Brown recorded the existence of several plantati and proposed their enlargement. In doing so he reviewed the soils, geology exposure of the top of the escarpment. He noted the exis several “young pl established by Pengilly, that majority would have to be removed “before the mo the incompatibility of the species selected and planted having regard to “limestone formation” so close to the surface and the site exposure; “two peculiarities requiring special and very careful planting.” Notwithstanding this, the hollows within this expanse lended themselves to “growing a good variety of trees” because planted In proposing trees to be established in this area Brown was forthright recommending that the maximum amount of limestone should be removed as much possible when preparing holes for new trees. “The soil on the top of ridge careful earth works and hole preparation was needed. But that such planting should “not
], the Wattle 2005, p. 54; et al Olea europaea Olea nted horticulturist John one in Barton Terrace 1879-80, p. 105). ntment of an expert referee to monitor the justify further exploration activities. The ce. Reputedly ‘Lancashire Smut’ or soft coal a quite detailed proposal for the southern 29 (1855) Colonial Secretary to Town Clerk, upper portions of Piltawodli/Park 1 (originally Francis, more so than Bailey as there is no weir was constructed using prison labour. It ustralia’s and to avoid the inconvenience of pearance of the Park Lands. For example, on the sketch and the text is similar in style to have been prompted by concerns from the e position of the several plantations and , GRG 24/6/1740 (1855) Colonial Secretary to 1855 despite unknown authored sketch “on the re Hill Coal Prospect establishing a coal tenement that “the writer of the memorandum has res [0.2ha] or even quarter acres [0.10ha] in he wishes” which the Council eagerly accepted e Corporation’s Town Clerk expressing a desire Report into a System of Planting the Adelaide Park e Governor volunteered a budget of £400, “a sum on of the City Surveyor.” Upon acceptance, the and propose to do so by means of competent vertisements in the usual newspapers, works Secretary, 2 August 1855, GRG 24/6/2505 (1855); 27) from the River Torrens/Karrawirra Parri Town Clerk, ACC, 7 July 1855, GRG 24/6/1381 of £375 for the limest of £375 e Colonial Secretary appoi etary, 13 August 1855, GRG 24/6/2644 (1855); Annual Report of the old Colonial Store site (Draper ssp] …” It is possible the plan was authored by inaugural rton, Park and Mills Terraces. Eucalyptus ssp] and Gum-tree [ (1880) to the Corporation. Brown provided Acacia “that something should be done to improve the present very unsightly appearance of most of the Park Lands near Town; which he [Governor Gawler] thinks might be effected by the judicious planting of clumps trees on half ac gardeners [on] contracts to be obtained by ad These public debates and discussions appear to colonial Governor about the overall aesthetic ap 17 July 1855 the Colonial Secretary wrote to th suitable positions; care being taken to fence such clumps with strong but neat fencing.” Willingly, to assist these landscaping works, th sufficient to accomplish much, but not all that “at once to carry out His Excellency’s wishes generally being performed under the supervisi Governor imposed one condition requiring the appoi species of fencing to be made use of.” Th works: “that some person should be nominated by himself to represent the Executive in this matter and to have a voice in the selection of th indicated some most sensible and just views of Landscape Gardening…” The advice included a recommendation that, “in a climate like South A having to wait years for effect, clumps should be formed of the Olive [ Bailey, of Hackney Nursery, to this role. Unfortunately scheme collapsed with the dissolution of the Legislative Council in August subject of planting a Public Square” being sent to the Corporation on 9 October 1855, with correspondence from the Governor indicating [ director of the Adelaide Botanic Garden George evidence of Bailey’s plan drawing skills whereas Francis’s hand (Letter, Colonial Secretary to (1855); letter, Town Clerk, ACC, to Colonial letter, Town Clerk, ACC, to Colonial Secr 24/6/1605 (1855); Colonial 1855, GRG Colonial Secretary to Town Clerk, ACC, 2 August Secretary to Town Clerk, ACC, 20 August 1855 24/6/21 Town Clerk, ACC, 2 August 1855, GRG (1855)). 24/6/3289 ACC, 2 August 1855, GRG In the 1858 there was a record of Montefio near the south-western corner of Strangways Terra was discovered but the deposits were insufficient to site approximates to the immediate west Parks 1, 28, and 29) opposite Ba northwards, and smaller design proposals for the Pike & Moore 1983, p. 73). Pike & Moore 1983, p. 73). In 1862 the first River Torrens/Karrawirra Parri was subsequently destroyed by flood waters in 1872. In 1879 the Corporation “obtained sum paddock” which accorded with John Ednie Brown’s interim recommendations. This appears to have been from the original Park 1block ( In January 1880 John Ednie Brown tabled his Lands portion of Piltawodli/Park 1 (originally Park
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Ficus planted; these
PILTAWODLI: Montefiore-road opposite (1880) depicting part of part of depicting (1880) a row of trees be ) lined southern flank now mirrors now mirrors flank lined southern ) plantation, until it joins the other plantation, until it joins , and to be inserted at fifty feet ] Bridge, running along back of an parallel to occasions as those referred to, I have to advise that shown on Plan; that is, one starting from gate at Ficus macrophylla macrophylla other Drive entering from
way Bridge, thence along line of Railway until it joins tent and the locations of these carriage drives: esent boundary of Piltawodli/Park 1 and Tulya 3.0 ADELAIDE PARK LANDS & SQUARES Ficus Figure e bottom and east to the top of the Plan. A notional A the top of Plan. to e bottom and east e escarpment was the establishment of a carriage rther carriage drive was proposed along the River (Brown 1880, p. 14). (Brown 1880, but was in fact planted with Moreton Bay Figs ( Figs Bay with Moreton planted in fact was but [Morphett Street] al trees and a gravel journey route constructed within these within these constructed route journey a gravel and al trees of hill, also parallel to fence ad described above, I would suggest that on a System of Planting the Adelaide Park Lands Lands Park Adelaide the of Planting System on a
Report
[Moreton Bay Fig; apart and protected by guards … ) and other Victorian-era ornament other Victorian-era ) and [16.76m] In order to make this Park deservedly popular on such Carriage Drives be constructed through the grounds as end of present plantation near Victoria the fence of plantation on river side to near Rail the road from Nort Adelaide to Hindmarsh; and an the Oval, and winding round foot Drive near the Railway. On the inner or park-side of the ro to be Ficus Macrophylla Piltawodli/Park 1 (originally Park 27) with west to th to west 27) with Park 1 (originally Piltawodli/Park Bay Fig ( the Moreton “carriage drive” along a for alignment “carriage northern not-constructed the perceived whereas Drive, Memorial War of alignment and the location a notional alignment as on plan drive” as indicated macrophylla 1880. Brown plantings. Source: Extract from John Ednie Brown’s Brown’s John Ednie Extract from Torrens/Karrawirra Parri edge also along the pr Wodli/Park 27. Brown is quite specific in his for th Central in this planting design proposal drive along the base of escarpment. A fu
and be inserted have a more of park-like t a massive appearance at the enclosure, rt, the planting here ought to be
Current Common Name Current Common Name ve a natural appearance with a Cypress species Cypress species English Elm Monterey Pine Monterey Pine Pine Pine, Cluster Maritime Austrian Pine Pine Canary Islands Monterey Pine Pine Bhutan Cedar Himalayan Cedar, Deodar Biota Bookleaf Cypress, Acacia False Black Locust, Fig Bay Moreton Cork Oak Pepper Tree Silky Oak Kurrajong Pine Norfolk Island Hibiscus Norfolk Island Tree, Pyramid Common Yew Blue Gum Tasmanian Yellow Gum Oak Mountain Drooping She-oak, Corsican Pine Corsican Corsican Pine Corsican Corsican Pine Corsican Fig Bay Moreton Drooping She-oak, Mountain Oak Mountain Drooping She-oak, Aleppo Pine Stone Pine Silky Oak Acacia False Black Locust, Kurrajong Cypress species Wattle species apart, more or less according to habit, and
only on the higher-lying and poorer portions of possible so as to presen molle the ridge, the trees should [6.0-9.1m] r on top of the ridge and within “ravines” maritime maritima maritima
and species selection. His desire was to craft a var. var. var. var. spp.
Nomenclature Nomenclature d its crest in somewhat dense foliage: Current Scientific Current Scientific gunaria patersonia gunaria patersonia the hollows and lower-lying parts of trees here and there over it. In sho Thuja orientalis leucoxylon Eucalyptus Ficus macrophylla hen completed, the enclosure will ha
[sic.] kinds) Cupressus Ulmus procera Ulmus (1880) [sic.]
Brown Brown (1880) (Brown 1880, p. 13).
Nomenclature as used by JE JE by Nomenclature as used JE by Nomenclature as used Pinus Insignis Pinus Maritima Pinus Pinaster Pinus Austriaca Pinus Longifolia Pinus Canariensis Pinus Radiata Pinus Laricio Pinus radiata Pinus Excelsa Pinus nigra Cedrus Deodara Pinus pinaster Pinus cembra Biota Orientalis ? Robinia Pseudacacia Pinus canariensis Ficus Macropylla Cupressus (several Pinus radiata Ulmus Suberosa Pinus nigra Ulmus Campestris Pinus wallichiana Cedrus deodara Schinus Molle Robinia pseudacacia Robusta Grevillea Heterophylla Sterculia Ficus macrophylla Araucaria Excelsa Lagunaria Petersonii Quercus suber Taxus Baccata Eucalyptus Globlus Eucalyptus Lencoxylon populneus Brachychiton robusta Grevillea aeria Schinus Casuarina Stricta Araucaria heterophylla La globulus Eucalyptus Taxus baccata Casuarina stricta Casuarina Stricta Casuarina (Kingston’s variety) Pinus Helepensis Pinus Laricio ? Pinus Pinea Robusta Frenela Ficus Macrophylla Casuarina stricta Robinia Pseudacacia Heterophylla Sterculia Pinus halepensis kinds) common Cupressus (the kinds) Acacia (several Pinus nigra robusta Grevillea spp. Cupressus Pinus pinea Robinia pseudacacia populneus Brachychiton Acacia spp. The larger kinds of trees should occupy in an irregular manner at from twenty to thirty feet the different kinds intermixed and massed as much the foot of hill. On side of the slope, and on mass of foliage on the richer portions and a sparse crop ground appearance, showing clumps and single conducted n such a manner that, w interfere with the view from road and houses beyond” stressing that aesthetic and amenity should be considered in both tree siting vegetation expanse on the crest and slopes of the escarpment that resulted in a strong visual corridor that wrapped the escarpment an Brown prepared specific planting specifications fo or “hollows” as follows, respectively:
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PILTAWODLI: ation of planting to design plan. to ation of planting meter and internal clump clump internal meter and Source: University of Adelaide. Source: University of Adelaide. (1880), Map 16. Brown 1880, Figure (1880),
3.0 ADELAIDE PARK LANDS & SQUARES ent and locations of peri locations and ent Figures raph that indicate a substantial correl a substantial that indicate raph raph of metropolitan Adelaide in 1936. Adelaide metropolitan of raph Report on a System of Planting the Adelaide Park Lands the Adelaide Planting of a System Report on Upper Piltawodli/Park 1. Note the spatial arrangem spatial Note the 1. Upper Piltawodli/Park plantations with the below aerial photog plantations with from Extract Above: 16. aerial photog Extract of an Below:
). macrophylla
proposed (Brown 1880, p.
Current Common Name Ficus Pepper Tree Fig Bay Moreton Cherry Native Ballart, Cherry Blue Gum Tasmanian Monterey Pine Monterey Pine Aleppo Pine Pine Canary Islands Cedar Orford Port Lawson Cypress, Silky Oak Pine Norfolk Island Cedar Himalayan Cedar, Deodar Atlas Cedar Fir Douglas Cork Oak Ash American Black Poplar White Poplar, Silver Poplar Acacia False Black Locust, English Elm
ssp] in it grubbed out” and that the molle trees suitable to be planted in this plantation: tree species that he e part of the southern or river-side carriage var. Substantially, the upper carriage drive appears ien or more likely William Pengilly. Brown was ien or more likely William Pengilly. Brown e drive creation and siting, the manner and Cupressus corridor, the removal of “worst Red of plantation locations.of plantation He proposed the extension
Nomenclature Current Scientific Ficus macrophylla cupressiformis Exocarpos Eucalyptus globulus
] and Cypresses [
[sic.] Ulmus procera Ulmus (1880) camaldulensis
Brown
Nomenclature as used by JE JE by Nomenclature as used Pinus Insignis Pinus Halepensis Pinus Longifolia Pinus Canariensis Pinus Geradiana Cupressus Lawsoniana Schinus Molle Robusta Grevillea Pinus radiata Pinus halepensis Araucaria Excelsa ? Cedrus Deodara Pinus canariensis lawsoniana Chamaecyparis Cedrus Atlantica Pinus geradiana Abies Excelsus Abies Douglasii Picea Amabilis robusta Grevillea aeria Schinus Araucaria heterophylla Picea Webbiana Ulmus Suberosa Cedrus deodara Ulmus Campestris Cedrus atlantica Fraxinus Americans Populus Nigra menziesii Pseudotsuga Populus Alba ? Populus Acladesca ? Robinia Pseudacacia Quercus suber Ficus Macrophylla Fraxinus americana Cupressiformis Exocaspus Eucalyptus Globulus Populus nigra ? Populus alba Robinia pseudoacacia Eucalyptus the original alignment of Montefiore Road a small plantation had apparently been the original alignment
to have been constructed and planted, a larg drive was constructed and planted; both with Moreton Bay Figs ( species that needed to accompany these routes. These are very specific instructions as to carriag Along established under City Gardener’s William O’Br of trees and logic critical of Pengilly’s choice of this plantation along the length road Gums [ plantation be planted more densely in-filled with 13). To this end, Brown proposed the following
3
9
PILTAWODLI: ) trees. The lower corridor, corridor, lower The trees. ) is substantive evidence that Brown’s evidence that is substantive Report on a System of Planting the Adelaide the Planting of System Report on a Ficus macrophylla side is Brown’s plan in 1880, and on the left what the left on and plan in 1880, is Brown’s side
3.0 ADELAIDE PARK LANDS & SQUARES of track more defined a by accompanied is and nner, ) as the tree to edge the drives. This drives. the edge to tree the as ) Adelaide; right: Brown 1880, Figure 3. Brown 1880, Figure 3. Adelaide; right: appears today as Moreton Bay Fig ( as Moreton today appears macrophylla
locations for the perimeter and “carriage drive” components. components. drive” “carriage and perimeter the for locations Ficus ton Bay Figs ( Figs Bay ton y. Sources: Left: University of Left: University y. Sources: osed in 1880 to what was growing in 1936. On the right 1936. On the was growing in 1880 to what osed in Course and War Memorial Drive. Interestingly, Plan 3 of Brown’s 3 of Plan Interestingly, Drive. Memorial War and Course of the North Adelaide escarpment in a circuitous ma circuitous in a escarpment Adelaide North of the ign plan to actual planting plan ign
cating two lines or corridors of what of corridors cating two lines or Figures
e of the development of the Golf the the development of e of exactly the same positions and using More and exactly the same positions opment of the golf course, indi golf course, the opment of e is a very close correlation between des correlation between very close e is a is more pronounced, follows the edge lower res as ‘Conservator of Plantations’ and City Gardener respectivel City Gardener and Plantations’ of as ‘Conservator res k 1 to enable a visual comparison of what John Ednie Brown prop Ednie John comparison of what a visual enable k 1 to cts the site prior to the devel to the site prior cts somewhat as a somewhat obscured consequenc the establishment of two carriage drives in of two carriage drives the establishment d to enable this visual comparison. Ther visual comparison. enable this d to t links with the weir. The upper corridor corridor upper The weir. t links with the own and Pelzer during their tenu own and (1880), inverted in this image, proposes (1880), inverted in this image, proposes was faithfully executed by Br executed by was faithfully Two images of the southern golf course portion of Piltawodli/Par golf southern the Two images of Report Park Lands existed in 1936. The plan has been re-aligne been plan has existed in 1936. The depi the locality that of 1936 aerial photograph is a On the left with an access track winds considerably bu considerably winds with an access track been has corridors two these of The presence drive. carriage
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PILTAWODLI: (1880), Map 16. Note the Note the 16. (1880), Map e same area. Note the relative lack relative lack the Note same area. e through the landscape as well as through through as as well the landscape through
3.0 ADELAIDE PARK LANDS & SQUARES Figures e otherareas of Piltawoldi/Park 1. Source: University of Adelaide. Report on a System of Planting the Adelaide Park Lands Adelaide Park the Planting System of a Report on photograph of metropolitan Adelaide for of metropolitan Adelaide photograph th antings, a system of pedestrian pathways antings, a system of pedestrian pathways the perimeter plantings. plantings. the perimeter of a 1936 aerial Below: extract Above: extract from Brown’s Brown’s extract from Above: pl perimeter of use extensive unlik plantings clump and of perimeter
Grevillea (River She , Pinus nigra [sic.] (Brown Pinus halepensis [sic.] (Brown , Grevillea robusta ticular sites selected for , the rich flat between tations in the two blocks represented on the Plan. between North Adelaide (1880) the “Park Lands [River Red Gum; upon which there is the greatest second (Corsican Pine) regularity will be secured and fair Plan 16. Before planting is Report ], and Pinus Halepensis [Aleppo line. The former will require very (Pepper Tree) , Allocasuarina verticillata maritime molle ssp) were displaying evidence of decay var as possible, and the par var [Railway] ark 1, then originally designated as Parks 1, originally designated ark 1, then planted on the block …, with fair chance of their Eucalyptus rostrata at exposed character” of the Park resulting tions of the proposed plan ry condition” that he sought to reconfigure in original 29, 2, 3, 4, 5 blocks) that included: integrated master planting establishment and tima, Robinia Pseudacacia, Casuarina Stricta, Ficus ted through the grounds as ent day Padipadinyilla/Park 2, Kandarilla/Park ent day Padipadinyilla/Park 2, Kandarilla/Park rthern, and western boundaries … with groups and (False Acacia) Park 29 approximately Lands opposite Mill-terrace” embraced ParksLands 28, Eucalyptus front of Mill-terrace; and front of Mill-terrace; sta, Melaleuca Trichostachya (and others) a presentable piece of ornamental grounds, … ocks consisted to two different soil and geology , Pinus nigra are, in sequence, are now known as: plant from plant; … on Terrace, Brown noted several existing small Allocasuarina verticillata , Schinus aeria along Mills Terrace, Brown recorded the past on, to select for planting those parts ds, I have to advise that when planted the ground should be filled of good rich soils. … It will be a matter for careful inspection, anting such spots only, picturesque ir [0.9m] he body of the grounds as shown on odli/Park 1 was called in his (Maritime Pine) , Robinia pseudoacacia (Moreton Bay Fig) ])” in-dispersed with specimens of “Frenula robusta [Silky Oak; , the hard limestone ridges in sp (Melaleuca species). ].” Of these, the “gums” ( first , Pinus pinaster (Corsican Pine) , Melaleuca depth of soil. By doing this, and pl I have also to recommend that footpaths be construc Following is a list of those kinds trees which may be succeeding upon the site:- Pinus Halepensis, P.Pinaster, P. Laricio, Mari Macrophylla, Schinus Molle, Gevileea Robu 1880: 20) up with wattles to about three feet the young trees made up with plenty results may be anticipated. On the more exposed posi lying between Barton and Prospect-roa These are— two lines of railway and partly on the east of the North careful handling indeed, in order to make it 1880, p. 24). That plantations be formed round the eastern, no when the enclosures are being operated clumps of trees here and there in t undertaken … the limestone should be removed as much ], Casuarina stricta [River She Oak; Pinus halepensis , Ficus macrophylla maritime Eucalyptus camaldulensis robusta The species mentioned in the above quote In considering the northern portions of Piltawodli/P opposite Barton-terrace” and embraced the pres 3 and Kangattilla/Park 4 as well the original Pine; (Aleppo Pine) In terms of the original Parks 28 and 29 his planting design. He recorded that the bl planting and design approaches. These were to: forms and thereupon required different 28 and 29, Brown undertook a review assessment of each park block separately and made separate recommendations. Piltaw 29 and 27A (the triangular area between both railway lines and Port Road. In terms of the original Park 29 along Bart plantations. They were planted “chiefly [of] Gums ( park development for these Park Land blocks (the establishment of several plantations “in a satisfacto Railway Station and Mills Terrace. The “Park and deterioration because of the “poor somewh much from the layer of limestone under the Park and its prominence on crest of the North Adelaide ridge. “The soil is, in places, very thin indeed, whilst others the rock crops to surface” (Brown 1880, p. 20). Brown proposed an var Oak) (Silky Oak)
5
9 1882-83, pp. 134-
PILTAWODLI: 1883-84, pp. 56-57). Report
ains of Strangways Annual Annual Report intention to allow of perambulators, &c., blishment activities by decrying the loss of d a substantial amount of fencing materials In the following years he erected a further 37 ng. Upon arrival the Park Lands and Gardens de of Victoria Bridge Road (now Montefiore panels of post and wire along North Adelaide ties for addition access points, and “in a eners until such time as August Pelzer (1862- 69 rods of fencing. He also erected the new loss was from “missing trees” rather than fro a this purchase, staff often proceeded with re- 1884-85, pp. 102-103). 1884-85, pp. 102-103). ought iron field gates, cast corner posts, aide Railway Station Road, some 343 additional and Strangways Terraces. In 1898 Campbell was and 145 post and wire panels were erected along rds (107,853m) of 7-ply galvanized wire. The rds (107,853m)
3.0 ADELAIDE PARK LANDS & SQUARES the trees were evidently dying. During this and dilapidated post two rail fence” that ialled this new fencing on South Terrace and England, along 38½ ch Station Road, 50 panels along Mills Terrace, and e Park Lands but the actual location, which Park Road, 20 panel around the south-west corner of per foot. His conclusions were that the fencing e Terraces. The cast iron posts and pillars were 1, to Parks 27, 28 and 29 perhaps some 1,000 trees 27, 28 and 1, to Parks Annual Report 1884-85, pp. 102-103; 1886-87, p. 112; 1887-88, p. 81; 1888- p. 81; 1887-88, 1884-85, pp. 102-103; 1886-87, p. 112; Report
Annual William H Campbell, as Park Lands Ranger, tr found that he could erect it at a cost of 2¼d. Terrace and 20 chains along Barton West. chains of ornamental fence along Mill Terrace, 16 from England, including wrought iron posts, wr galvanized iron pillars together with 117,950 ya purpose was to totally replace the existing “old enclosed most of the Park Land blocks to th marked with “Iron Duke” and “Letterewe” brandi staff commenced the process of re-fencing the Park Lands ( was cost-effective, ornamental, offered opportuni measure complies with Councillor [William] Bullock’s having access to our reserves.” Notwithstanding fencing works using old materials ( During 1884 Campbell erected post and wire fencing along Barton Road and Mildred Road surrounding the original Park 29 involving some ornamental wire cable-fencing, imported from Railway Station Road, 264 panels along the west si Drive), an additional 20 panel along North Adel panels of post and wire along Victoria Bridge old Park 1, along the North Adelaide Railway renovated ornamental chain fences along Mills still undertaking extensive fencing works; some Strangways Terrace ( 134). p. 142; 1897-98, 89, p. 135; 1889-1890, pp. 118-119, 135). In the subsequent financial year Corporation acquire Gardener, and therein had a serious of City Gard 1934) was appointed City Gardener (1899-1932) mid 1899. in In 1883 Pengilly reported indirectly his plantation esta vegetation he was experiencing claiming that the failure to strike. In the sweep of old Park died or were missing in a twelve period over 1882-83. This is considerable amount to simply credit to “missing” where rather it appears that period he also laid out new plantations in thes Land block, species, number, and design arrangement is unclear (
Pepper Tree London Plane Cypress species Cypress species Fig Bay Moreton Kurrajong White Cedar Oriental Plane Oak Durmast Aleppo Pine Pine Corsican Monterey Pine Cedar Himalayan Cedar, Deodar Oak Mountain Drooping She-oak, Acacia False Black Locust, Silky Oak Pine Pine, Cluster Maritime Pine Corsican Cedar Orford Port Lawson Cypress, Pine Norfolk Island Pine Bay Hoop Pine, Moreton Fir Douglas Giant Thuya, Western Aborvitae, Cedar Red Western Pencil Cedar, Eastern Red Cedar Cork Oak Elm Elm, Wych Scotch White Ash English Ash Gum Sugar Oak Common English Oak, English Elm Current Common Name Current Common Name molle Brown’s formal resignation on 1 June 1883.
var. over street tree plantings along Barton Terrace the sake of professional reputation, seek to be maritima position in August 1882. While the Corporation position in August 1882. While r Mr. Brown every facility for this purpose …” var. April 1882, Brown commenced foundational 882/602/18). A fractious relationship occurred the Plantations’, upon invitation of City sion the Corporation determined to sack City var. acerifolius acerifolius x ’s (1880) recommendations. The City Gardener (1867-
Current Scientific Nomenclature Cupressus spp. Ficus macrophylla populneus Brachychiton australica Current Scientific Nomenclature Platanus orientalis Report was advised that Brown shall have “general supervision of the was advised that Brown shall have “general supervision
[sic.] Ulmus procera Ulmus a Quercus petraea a Quercus olia Platanus (1880) (1880) [sic.] Pinus Longifolia Pinus Geradiana ? Pinus gerardiaa Nomenclature as used by JE JE by Nomenclature as used Brown Pinus Halepensis Pinus Laricio Pinus Insignis common the of Cupressus (several kinds) Cedrus Deodara Casuarina Stricta Pinus halepensis Robinia pseud-acacia Ficus Macrophylla maritima Pinus nigra var. Schinus Molle Pinus radiata Sterculia heterophylla Melia azedarach Cedrus deodara Casuarina stricta Robinia pseudoacacia robusta Grevillea aeria Schinus by Nomenclature as used JE Brown Melia azedarach robusta Grevillea Pinus Pinaster Pinus Maritima Cupressus Lawsoniana Araucaria Excelsa Araucaria Cunninghamii Abies Douglasii Abies Orientalis lawsoniana Chamaecyparis Pinus pinaster Thuja Lobii Pinus nigra Araucaria cunninghamii Araucaria heterophylla Juniperus Virginiana Ulmus Suberosa Ulmus Montana menziesii Pseudotsuga Ulmus Campestris ? Fraxinus Americana Juniperus virginiana Fraxinus Excelsior Thuja plicata Platanus acerif Plantanus orientalis Quercus suber Corynocalyx Eucalyptus Ulmus glabra Fraxinus americana Quercus sessiliflor Quercus pedunculata Fraxinus excelsior cladocalyx Eucalyptus Quercus robur relieved of the responsibility.” With this deci sought to remedy the situation, continued disobedience and contrary activities by the City eventually prompted Gardener and his workforce In his letter of resignation he wrote “I must for work in implementing parts of the 83), William Pengilly (1825-1911) tree planting in the Park Lands” and to “rende with Brown and Pengilly, a specific incident West prompted Brown’s resignation from this Adelaide Mayor [Sir] Edwin Thomas Smith in (Town Clerk’s Dept Outwards Letter Book, 1 Brown proposed, therefore two different planting schedules for these areas, as follows: With Brown’s appointment as ‘Supervisor of
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9 Annual 18 Lagunaria 1899-1900, Observer (1880) as the Report
ssp) in the Mills PILTAWODLI: Report awodli/Park 1. Street Annual ) were planted along North Washingtonia ) around the Corporation’s ssp), Norfolk Island Hibiscus ( pseudoacacia
d over the next 20 years set in place a major Adelaide Railway Station Road, old Park 27 41, 42, 43, 62, 63). Such works necessitated s that had been experienced with the golf rown its course and grown in membership Pinus anted in the Mills Terrace plantations and Plane fed from a water main in Strangways Terrace. ting programs for Pilt d park lands with an extensive tree planting ting Committee. Both proved “indefatigable” ew land for a golf course but there was general part of 30 palms donated by prominent 3.0 ADELAIDE PARK LANDS & SQUARES There were a trickle of ion in June 1907. program of the Park Lands was implemented and basis” the City Gardener’s department ( mmenced regular tree planting activities in ” with guards along Barton Terrace West but he Lycium ferocissimum e Golfing Club’ now the North Adelaide Golf blished in this locality by a group of golfing Robinia . At the same time Councillor William Ponder was anied with trees, and street trees were proposed near Ward Street corner, planting along Park 1903, pp. 44, 45; 1904, pp. 39, 64). 1903, pp. 44, 45; 1904, 39, ew, Pelzer was instructed to fence all these newly ssp) and two palms ( land as a golf course was successful ( and Pinus Report
these trees in the following year ( ithfully referred to and used Brown’s ithfully referred Annual /Park 1appears to be normal pruning and grubbing activities, /Park 1appears Dovyalis caffra 1894-95, p. 15; 1894-95, p. 69; 1903, pp. 27, 28, 29). pp. 27, 28, p. 69; 1903, 1894-95, p. 15; ) in Hill Street, and in the following year he planted a significant amount 1905, pp. 41, 42; 1906, Report
Report
orientalis Annual
Annual ) were also planted in Mills and Barton Terraces in 1904 together with a 70 shrubs the ) were also planted in Mills and Platanus 1899-1900, p. 104). 1899-1900, p. 104). trees were proposed and North along Mills Terrace was to be laid out with two pathways accomp along Park Terrace. Some 40 White Acacias ( Adelaide Railway Station Road in 1906 with new fencing, a further 40 planted as street trees along Strangways Terrace, two pines ( In 1905 Pelzer started forward planning his plan Terrace plantations. The palms may have been nurseryman Alfred Sewell to the Corporation in 1906. At same time Pelzer proposed additional tree-lined pathways in old Park 27 Terrace ( continual changes and improvements to fencing. New “perambulator” gates and pedestrian openings were made in the Strangways Terrace cable wire fences in 1906, and new cable middle of old Park 1. As a part this revi designated permanent yards and depots plant trees and shrubs around them to hide the passer-by ( In August 1899 Wilhelm Pelzer was appointed as ‘City Gardener’ to the Corporation. With Pelzer’s appointment a rigorous planting it appears that Pelzer somewhat fa patersonii Barton Terrace West garden ( guiding master plan for this planting activities guiding master appointed to chair a new ‘permanent’ Tree Plan personalities with mutually compatible objectives, an renovation to the squares, plantations, streets an program and “firmly established on a scientific Report Pelzer’s first act in Piltawoldi the planting of ninety varieties “young trees also reported the death of several p. 294; 1901, 42). In April 1899 a nine-hole golf course was esta enthusiasts, thus forming the original ‘Adelaid Club. This course probably drew out of problem course in Nanto Womma/Park 6 that was operating the early 1890s served both men and women. The new course initially comprised “six iron posts and a wire fence around three small had outg enclosures.” But by May 1907 the Club interest resulting in an application to the Corporation extend the course, to establish new fairway greens and to install an irrigation service This application was approved by the Corporat complaints by the public about use of the n community consensus that the role of 2003, pp. 64, 78). November 1893; Nagle 1971, p. 63; Sumerling From 1903 onwards Pelzer appears to have co were pl 1903-05 trees Piltawodli/Park 1. During Trees ( of hedging plants (generally depots and yards in the Park Lands. New pines (
1894-95, p. 65). painted in 1885. painted in 1885. Street Bridge probably s along the northern shores the s along Terrace indicating an Annual Report ) specimens to the right background background right the to ) specimens macrophylla
ued to develop an inner linear garden along excavations also occurred in old Park 28 open light forest of tree of forest light open Adelaide looking from Montefiore Hill’ G Bickle over a period of 4 months in 1894 Ficus that used to store street sweepings. There was to the locality, and beautify outlook of on the basis of limestone excavations in ern corner of Strangways ern ngton raising some 2,000²m of limestone as a rate raising some ngton d. The Corporation again let out limestone ring 1903 the Corporation reviewed all its depots, tely west of the Morphett on licence was also sold, from the bed of River Figure Figure in Tarndanya Womma/Park 26 at the Pinky Flat locality Womma/Park 26 at the Tarndanya in Cattle, in an unfenced setting, are in the foreground. A tall brick tall brick A foreground. the in are setting, an unfenced in Cattle, Source: Lock-Weir 2005, pp. 28-29. Lock-Weir Source: Edmund Goldsmith entitled ‘ entitled Goldsmith Edmund Extract of a watercolour by The watercolour depicts Adelaide from the south-west the from depicts Adelaide The watercolour ( Figs Bay Moreton young the and edge Torrens of Lake Drive. along War Memorial now growing located a brickworks most likely, chimney indicates, on the northern shores of Lake Torrens. Lake shores of on the northern extensive open landscape scene present at the time with an with time the at present scene landscape open extensive excavations in old Park 1 1896 to a Mr Harri of 1s 3d per yard. A sand and gravel excavati North Park Lands. Some £75 was realised from sales to a Mr R Lewis of Prospect with the removal of some 4,000 cubic yards (3344²m) limestone. This indicates that the Corporation was continuing to permit quarrying activities in the North Park Lands 1890s where a profit and unemployed labour could be engage to a Mr Torrens/Karrawirra Parri in old Park 27, Fencing along Barton Terrance West in 1894 contin this roadscape. An inner fence was specially erected to protect the new shrubs about to be planted. “When finished it will be an ornament Charles Tucker extolled ( property in the neighbourhood,” Mayor During 1894 the Corporation reported a profit for £20. The Corporation reported that limestone 1903 amongst the “limestone holes” in Park also a sweeping depot in old Park 27 immedia where the tennis courts are located today. Du rubbish dumps and storage yards in the Park Lands proposed to depot in old Park 27 permanently for “sweepings and screenings” also a Blinding (rock screenings) pit in the
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9
). In his Report
1921, p. (1880). In 1920 Report Annual
cessary bunkers, etc., PILTAWODLI: Report Annual play on Saturdays and ( Robinia pseudoacacia this a reply was received, stating shing a course as suggested en, £2 2/- per annum; ladies, £1 number of its members would be 1 section in the northern corner, ional nine holes, with ne days, 1/- per round; Saturdays and holidays, whom 100 were men and 84 members had, up to ecinct, and also plantings to the north of 1920, p. 17; 1928, pp. 45, 46). 1928, 1920, p. 17; would be prepared to hand over the links to the to Mills Terrace. For the latter he selected be empowered to remain in office and deal with all Porter, the Corporation concluded that the d in “Park 27” which included Piltawodli/Park sing rooms, caretaker’s office, spare should not be allowed to r cost of £999 by builders Messrs James King with its feasibility studies and recommended n to the area. Notwithstanding this, numerous age.” Golf fairway greens were enclosed with on the park lands be favourably entertained. ation noted the existence of a nine hole course
3.0 ADELAIDE PARK LANDS & SQUARES construction in Tulya Wodli/Park 27 but this this proposal and also the construction of a new (1880) but Pelzer had to wait until 1927 to (1880) but Pelzer had to wait until 1927 lzer. The continuing leasehold for military drill Adelaide Golf Club in Park No. 27 (North Park te visits, investigations, and discussions with the hole course on 1 April 1922 and commenced he event of Council establi submitted, at an estimated cost of £400. of the proposal on above lines Report Annual Report urse, accepting the following Sub-Committee ive route proposed by Brown in his ers to the Municipal Golf Links. To holes were constructed, and what 1, except the original Park ) were planted along the bottom edge of escarpment, and charges be as follows:--Gentlem ; Sumerling 2003, p. 68). ; Sumerling 1920, pp. 31, 32) ) post and wire fencing, comprising some 182 posts ( ) post and wire fencing, comprising some macrophylla
Report
1921, pp. 26-27). 1921, pp. 26-27). Ficus Report
Annual be constructed in accordance with the plan 1/- per annum. Charges to Non-Subscribers:--Week 2/- per round. Ladies (members or otherwise) holidays. matters connected with the carrying out 27). Lands) be taken over by the Corporation, and an addit Annual Eucalyptus marginata 3. that the annual subscriptions 4. that if the proposal be adopted sub-committee It was decided to approach the Club, and ascertain if it Corporation, if an additional nine prepared to become annual subscrib date, agreed to become annual subscribers in t ( 1. that the proposal to establish municipal links 2. that the nine-hole course used by North the membership of Club was approximately 150, undertake these garden planting works ( Up until the 1920s, Piltawodli/Park recommendations contained in Brown’s was not the subject of planting activities by Pe purposes prevented Pelzer’s attention being draw Moreton Bay Figs ( along the alignment of carriage dr and established an “avenue of white acacia (Robinia)” (False Acacia; took over the nine The Corporation officially works. Tree planting was incorporated within clubhouse. The clubhouse was erected at a tende & Son and included “ladies’ gentlemen’s dres lavatories, and a verandah along the eastern front jarrah ( 20, 29 pp. 1921, pp. 37, 39; 1922, Pelzer records the commencement of pathway would be the present Tulya Wodli/Bonython Park pr the North Adelaide Railway Station and connecting report he records that some 114 trees were plante 1 at the time ( In December 1920 the Corporation first considered a proposal to establish ‘municipal golf si links’ in the Park Lands. Following various Chair of the North Adelaide Golf Club, Mr WHR most suitable ground was in ‘Montefiore Park’ then within old Park 27 (now Piltawodli/Park 1); the present golf course area today. The Corpor already established on this land, used under a yearly permit by the Club. The Corporation deliberated this advice, together the establishment of an 18 hole golf co recommendations: mmended that levelling e planting on the flat areas of negotiations as to the future of the Torrens ideration as the First World War came to an by driving along the route, and all works were ties, and Shepley was continuing with further re Park’, was suggested by the Corporation in d during the First World War, and there were d during the First World War, rawirra Parri connecting the carriage drives in in 1915 as also in Tulya Wodli/Park 27 in 1915 as also tructed in 1920-21. During 1922-23 the third still being used for military training purposes. still being used for military training purposes. 1914, pp. 71-72, 73, 83; 1915, p. 36; 1916, p. 73, 83; 1915, p. 36; 1914, pp. 71-72, of old fencing below Montefiore Hill with new extreme north-west park lands;” some 2¾ miles Lands’ John Ednie Brown and City Gardener Lands’ rts of Piltawodli/Park 1. Park Lands Ranger, perceived that “when the whole scheme is ng trees thereto. Some £500 was allocated by lumps’ of vegetation on the ‘Montefiore Flat’ and lumps’ of vegetation tion by the Commonwealth. This section was , was constructed. During 1924 construction Galway on 30 October 1919; the day Lord gga/Park 10. Governor General Lord Foster 1919, pp. 7-8, 28, 46; 1920, pp. 6, 33; 1924, pp. 1919, pp. 7-8, 28, 46; 1920, its alignment accord with the carriage way the top northern portion of Piltawodli/Park 1, in same time, Pelzer reco proposed the creation of a War Memorial Drive Report
on additional levelling works in 1919 “where li/Park 1 could suitably accommodate new Police ’s (1880) recommendations. The second section, from Report
1913, pp. 50, 65, 66). But littl Annual memorial to those who fought in the Great War will have Report the construction of the section from Frome Road Bridge to Annual (1880) and it is likely that Pelzer put this suggestion forward as Report
Report Annual 1915, p. 34; 1919, p. 48). 1915, p. 34; 1919, 48). 1906, p. 63). Report Report
Annual Annual 30; 1917, p. 25; 1918, 26). 1 commenced in Piltawodli/Park Levelling works adjacent. These appear to be concentrated in the original Park 1 block. Pelzer reported limestone was raised some years ago” that included the spreading of street sweepings on the ( end. In March 1919 Mayor Charles Glover along the northern side of River Torrens/Kar Botanic Park and “terminating at a point on the (4.42 km) long. Glover proposed Road first, which was heartily approved by the Corporation, and to employ King William returned soldiers in forming the road and planti the Corporation for costs with a £240 contribu completed and opened by the State Governor Mayoralty was bestowed upon the City. Glover completed a noble and permanent been created.” The carriage way concept and War memorials became a topic of Corporation cons proposed by Brown in his wire fencing erected along the northern edge of Lake west the Morphett Street Bridge ( Barracks. Eventually land in Tulya Wodli/Park 27 was allocated for the purposes of a new Police Barracks. This discussion was associated with works be undertaken to accommodate these activi post and wire establishment works ( a way of further implementing the During 1914 Pelzer proposed the planting of ‘c also suggestions that the flats of Piltawod (Karrawirra/Park 12). At the Parade ground Road to Montefiore was cons King William a general tree planting program that included pa also replaced about 35 chains William T Shepley post and wire fencing ( Piltawodli/Park 1 was entertained because it … The “greater part … has for years been reserved the purposes of a military drill ground on payment of the regular fees”, within ‘Montefio 1914 to be shifted recreational purposes to accommodate some seven grounds for football and cricket activities. Some governmental correspondence and parliamentary debate about military use of the north-west Park Lands occurre section of the Drive, along side the golf course proceeded with the fourth section in Warnpan William Pengilly that led to the resignation of former and latter’s dismissal. It was also a site that Pelzer nurtured as a possible for garden, recognising the tree planting opened the fourth section on 11 September 1925, completed on 30 October 1925 ( 37, 38; 1925, p. 2). the Pullin (1900-20), in the last year of his Councillorship, proposed William In 1920 Councillor establishment of a linear garden along the edge Barton Terrace West. This was site major dispute between ‘Conservator of the Park
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PILTAWODLI: February 1927, depicting depicting February 1927, of Adelaide, dated 14 of Adelaide,
3.0 ADELAIDE PARK LANDS & SQUARES Figure 28, 29 that collectively today comprised the re-numbered re-numbered the comprised today 28, collectively 29 that Pavements’ in the City Pavements’ in the urce: ACC Archives. ACC urce: the original designations and areas of Parks 1, 27, 1, Parks of and areas designations the original So 1. Piltawodli/Park Extract of the ‘Plan showing Improved the Extract of
, noting that: d regulations have been April, and the annual st s (under 18 years). Charges to 1923, p. 37). Annual Report subscriptions, lockers, sale of 1923, p. 20). . The length of the fairways varies 7/6 per annum (subscribers having Report
Report
sing-rooms, lavatory accommodation, and [13.71m] ablished, a total of eighteen holes. Five greens of Annual August. Local rules an enclosed with a light fence, the ground has been ( top-dressed with sandy loam. Around the newly ays and holidays. Ladies may play on Saturdays d £10 10/- towards a trophy in connection with the Annual and thirteen greens in addition have been made and Bunkers and other obstacles have been provided ( r Charles Glover on 11 August 1923, with r Charles Glover on 11 August 1923, by 45 feet [475.5m]. [22.86m] s and receive a receipt, which must be produced when required, are the use of players at a charge of 1923, pp. 19-20). The Corporation obviously revisited its 1923, pp. 19-20). The Corporation obviously revisited men and £1 1/- for ladies junior December, 1922 (including green fees, st the following fees and rules: o lawns have been planted to 520 yards Annual Report … contains ladies’ and gentlemen’s dres 1922, p. 27). [106.9m] Report
Annual caretaker’s room, besides lockers for ( [The clubhouse] the preference). Any person may become a subscriber. The year begins of 1 from 117 yards On the Municipal Golf Course all the greens have been erected golf-house in Montefiore Park an area has been graded and prepared, and tw In Montefiore Park Municipal Golf Links have been est the North Adelaide Golf Club have been reinstated, planted. The area of each is 75 feet cards), is £600. The number of subscribers 120 subscriptions are £2 2/- for gentle non-subscribers, who pay on the link 1/- a round on week-days and 2/- a round on Saturd only before 12.30 and after 3 p.m. The Council vote Australian Championship matches held in Adelaide in drawn up. The revenue since 1 conditions of operation, advising completed clubhouse ( Unfortunately Pelzer provides no indication of tree number and species that were planted in the golf course development. The new Golf Course was opened by Lord Mayo
Pelzer recorded the progress and nature of this development in his
9
9 Annual re Road intersection. re Road intersection.
PILTAWODLI: 1927, p. 31; 1928, pp. 45, 46). pp. 45, 1927, p. 31; 1928, ry close to the Montefio ry close Report
e layout of tee 1 in the golf course and azing in the golf links, erection of a new hicle parking area in the north-eastern corner Annual ing of cattle on the links be prohibited, and that ) specimens on the northern side of War Memorial War Memorial of northern side the on ) specimens creating the ornamental garden that Councillor 3.0 ADELAIDE PARK LANDS & SQUARES Pelzer was overjoyed with this recommendation. d Park 28, along the Mills Terrace frontage. He Figure along Barton Terrace West to a depth of 60 feet macrophylla
three trees exist today ve exist today trees three Ficus now landscaped as part of the Golf Course. Source: ACC Archive. Archive. ACC Source: Course. Golf the of as part now landscaped 1929, pp. 26, 35; 1935-36, p. 35). 1929, pp. 26, 35; Note the open paddock behind that is that paddock behind open Note the Photograph of three Moreton Bay Figs ( three Moreton Photograph of These Drive in 1928 looking northwards. accepted a recommendation to shift the tee location, and that the putting greens be enlarged. It also received a petition asking that “the depastur fences around the [putting] greens be removed.” The Corporation considered this petition on site and recommended the prohibition of cattle gr fence from the top of Strangways Terrace hill to War Memorial Drive and then along the to Montefiore Road, and the construction of a ve of Piltawodli/Park 1 to service club members. the Corporation undertook minor changes and re- During the course of 1920s and 1930s numbering of trees and fairways to realise a design suitable from trial and error of use ( William Pullin (1900-20) first suggested in 1920. Guard posts were also erected along War (1900-20) first suggested in 1920. Guard William Pullin Memorial Drive to limit vehicle damage to trees ( In 1929 the Corporation considered changes to th Report During 1927 Pelzer erected a tennis court in ol also widened the depth of the tree plantation (18.2m), removing stunted and dying trees,
Annual ( Annual widening the metalling of The work, which embraces n side, the roadway on that side 1922, pp. 20, 28; 1923, ng mobs of sheep there 1927, p. 19). Report
from the line of the old fence, in order that Report
they have caused the greens and fairways to be Annual nine tees at a cost of £100,in an increase [9.1m] cubic yards of earth, and trees along Montefiore Road together with lzer criticised this practice, proposing a shift lzer criticised this practice, proposing a Montefiore Road at the curve near Pennington the officers of City Council controlling the in the opposite direction. easure we note that extensive improvements are now 1925, pp. 14, 15, 36). Section of the internal fences of old Parks 28 Annual he greens and are damaging the bunkers. I strongly Park Lands Ranger continued to lease the Park tes a great nuisance. Apart from making the links es has existed in the past owing to visibility of connected the clubhouse to sewer, and fined ssion to undertaken military practice within the tt Street as today. Pelzer summarised these ( 1924, p. 83). er of Strangways and Mills Terraces to the ar Green 9 were installed in 1923. During 1922 ar Green 9 were installed in 1923. During on approved tree planting works both sides of rn point of the Palmer Place roadways at the continuation of the War Memorial Drive red of grass by depasturi members were obviously very pleased with the Report
Report
John Lavington Bonython on 1 June 1928 ( trees and high ground on the wester Annual ote to the Corporation stating: Annual ( 1926, p. 41). Montefiore Road—Widening—In order to improve approaching vehicles being impaired by Terrace, where considerable inconvenience to vehicl is being widened for a length of 5 chains, some 30 feet traffic may have a clear view of vehicles approaching the removal of a number trees, excavation 1,000 the roadway, is now in progress The fact of cattle grazing on the golf links constitu dirty, they make tracks along the fences enclosing t recommend that in future the golf links be clea Report Municipal Golf Links for the excellent manner n which kept throughout the golfing season, and it is with pl ‘The thanks of your Committee are also extended to being made to the existing Municipal Golfhouse’ 1927, pp. 19-20; 1928, p. 28). works as follows: Drinking fountains, near the clubhouse and ne Pelzer however had to remove 14 trees in (old) Park 1 due the Bowden tramway track duplication and constructed 1 tennis court in this (old) Park. But he also planted 62 ‘various’ trees along Montefiore Road. In the following year he erected another tennis court in (old) Park 1, reconstructed a steep pathway from the corn Railway Station, and removed some 25 and grubbed fence realignment works due to road widening ( 74). pp. 35, 37, 38, 40; 1925, The road widening works relates to the upper portion of Montefiore Road. Originally arc-ed in a curve and terminated at the southe Pennington Terrace, and not directly into Jeffco In 1925 the Light Horse Regiment sought permi new golf course precinct. The Corporation declined and negotiated an alternative venue for such activities. In the same year Corporati Mildred Road; “this thoroughfare constitutes Even though the golf course was established the towards Barton Terrace, and was bare of trees.” out for grazing and agistment. Accordingly there would have been some days when cattle obstructed putting greens and fairways. In 1926 Pe and 29 were also renewed this year ( to sheep agistment: In 1927 the Corporation approved renovation of fees, and extensions to the clubhouse. The creation of the 18 hole course, management system applied by the Corporation, and improvements proposed. The Corporation also the building contractor for late completion of extensions to the clubhouse. These were opened by the wife of Lord Mayor Report The North Adelaide Golf Club wr
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Eucalyptus
) tree plantings along along plantings tree ) PILTAWODLI: Leay in 1949 promised ace; tennis courts on the on the courts tennis ace; awodli/Park 1. Note the extensive Ficus macrophylla 1929, pp. 35, 36). 1929, pp. 35,
3.0 ADELAIDE PARK LANDS & SQUARES the area already occupied.” The new and Figure Drive now has a bitumen surf Drive now golf, Lord Mayor John Mc West plantation he erected three pedestrian to two courses of 18 holes each with a major Report ous’ trees in old Park 1, and replaced 10 ous’ trees
on 23 May 1950 (Sumerling 2003, p. 69). on 23 May 1950 (Sumerling 2003, Annual metropolitan Adelaide depicting Pilt depicting Adelaide metropolitan e development of the Drive; and, some indications of the golf course course golf the of indications some and, Drive; the of development e dense foliage along the base of the Strangways Terrace escarpment and the associated gravel driveway or or driveway gravel associated the and escarpment Terrace Strangways the of base the along foliage dense the War Memorial this foliage; ‘carriage way’ within ( Fig Bay Moreton Drive; Montefiore and Drive Memorial War of corner th pre-date Drive that Memorial War Archives. ACC Source: evident. is traps sand and greens including layout Extract of a 1949 aerial photograph of of photograph aerial Extract of a 1949 During 1929 Pelzer planted some 132 ‘vari spp in Mildred Road. In the Barton Terrace openings in the cable-wire fencing ( With growth of leisure and the popularity to consider the expansion of the golf course renovation to the existing course. This renovation included the redesign of fairway greens and links to enable “new holes dovetail into renovated courses were opened for play
awodli/Park 1. Note the extensive ive that pre-date the development of of development the pre-date that ive rner of Strangways Terrace and on Mills Terrace; and on Terrace Strangways of rner ern Strangways Terrace corner on the site the site of the on corner Terrace Strangways ern d War Memorial Drive that has a gravel rather than than rather gravel a has that Drive Memorial d War Figure metropolitan Adelaide depicting Pilt depicting Adelaide metropolitan ) tree plantings along War Memorial Dr Memorial War along plantings ) tree indications of the golf course layout including greens and sand traps is evident. evident. is traps sand and greens including layout course golf the of indications Ficus macrophylla dense foliage along the base of the Strangways Terrace escarpment and the associated gravel driveway or or driveway gravel associated the and escarpment Terrace Strangways the of base the along foliage dense constructe newly the this foliage; within way’ ‘carriage co top in the courts tennis removed bitumen surface; now ( Fig Bay Moreton on the west shrub plantings cover and ground Drive; the Colonial Store; some former Adelaide. of University Source: Extract of a 1936 aerial photograph of of photograph aerial Extract of a 1936
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Metropolitan Metropolitan
Ficus 2005, pp. 41, 49).
e. Source: e. PILTAWODLI: et al depicting the location of depicting age Piltawodli/Park 1 was extensively 1 was extensively Piltawodli/Park age (1880). Central in the former are for this park meaning ‘possum along Barton Terrac along Barton Report ‘house; camp; place’, and spatially the Piltawodli ) along the lower escarpment proposed In successive years plantings of False wodli nn (1840). Within this Piltawodli/Park 1, near nn (1840). Within me (MATS) master plan master me (MATS)
3.0 ADELAIDE PARK LANDS & SQUARES the nomenclature of ‘Native Location’ and Figure Figure wirra Parri was the Tinninyawodli or ‘The the original Park 27 with Parks 28, 29 and 1 to underpinning plantings, planting design patterns, macrophylla
Ficus ‘possum’ and e Adelaide Park Lands. In this im In Lands. Park e Adelaide pilta ‘house’ (Hemmings 1998, p. 35; Draper except the most northern portion the most northern except wodli 1962, figure 14. ‘rib’ and tinninya ) along the lower proposed carriage drive. Adelaide Transportation Scheme Scheme Adelaide Transportation Extract from the Metropolitan Adelaide Transport Sche Transport Adelaide the Metropolitan from Extract proposed alignments through freeways th by a freeway saved from intrusion macrophylla Amery (1997; 2002, p. 269) proposed the toponym of place’. The term is derived from term relates to a site on the Par 3 of Golf Links. This toponym derives much from & Schürma linguistic recordings of Teichelmann the lower reaches by the River Torrens/Karra ironstores’ ( Piltawodli/Park 1 in post-contact times carried Montefiore Park (Amery 2002, p. 269) Piltawodli/Park 1 consists today as an amalgamation of various tree planting and management strategies. Further, it joins together a part of form a larger Piltawodli/Park 1. It bears the and carriage drive locations as proposed by Brown in his curvilinear lines of Moreton Bay Figs ( carriage drive, on the crest of Montefiore Hill, and a scatter Moreton Bay Figs ( for eighteen (Veale 1958, d the “par” or number of [2.0-2.8ha] our No. 1 Golf Course, is surrounded with sand clubhouse was of a poor ee to the hole on the green of used which usually “pitch” the ball, rk 1, adjacent to the weir, he (1958) dealt with Parks and Gardens lf Irons only are used an seas, although the Clubhouse facilities as a general maintenance of fairways, greens, etc., and in respect n tram routes. In terms of Piltawodli/Park towards the renovation and development of ea necessary resulted in low costs for construction, he North parkland, namely Golf Course.” Each green ndarilla/Park 3 immediately adjacent to Barton ndarilla/Park 3 ted investigating options for the construction of a 9 hole golf link. This recommendation was ded that the existing rity of such venues in overseas cities. He uthwards and eastwards enabling a two-storey undertaken (Veale 1958, pp. 79-87, 133, 138). undertaken (Veale 1958, pp. nge “in a central location in [Nanto Womma] etailed freeway construction proposals set out in was affected by these proposals as a consequence This recommendation was never actioned (Veale Report No. 4 lic transport tunnel under King William Road e alternative name “Pitch and Putt” Golf Course s to run through the northern section of gether with redevelopment of the River d be expected to make from the t of this type golf course adjacent to a new restaurant by (Veale 1958, p. 68). lf course. Irons are the only club d the development of an 18-hole golf course. There were 9, 132, 139). In Piltawodli/Pa … the standard of the Municipal Golf Links in t the putter is used on the greens. Hence th p. 79). could compare very favourably from the point of view rule were greatly superior to our own This type of course , which requires only a small area of land, form 5 to 7 acres bunkers normal to the regulation go to the general environs, with Municipal Links seen over holes, was increasing in popularity and the small ar maintenance and operation. All the holes are short, Go golf strokes which a good player woul shorter distance is three. Hence the name “Par-3 standard, and too small to accommodate the numbers of players and visitors now using the since 1928. Accordingly he north and south courses. It had not been renovated or modified proposed a major extension to the clubhouse so structure, at a projected cost of £25-30,000. Terrace. (Veale 1958) and made sweeping recommendations several parks around the Park Lands, to several specific recommendations for Piltawodli/Park 1. In terms of the golf course, he noted popula concluded that: Veale recommended the construction the weir. Drawing much reference to Los Angeles examples, he initially proposed a 9 hole course. This recommendation was substantially In examining overseas golf courses Veale conclu 1958, pp. 87-93, 133, 140). During the early 1960s state government star a freeway network through and to serve the growing Adelaide metropolitan region. The Metropolitan Adelaide Transportation Scheme (MATS) was published in 1962 prompting considerable community angst from the very d pub the report that include an underground connecting the Glenelg tram route with norther 1, a considerable portion of Piltawodli/Park 1 of a ‘North Adelaide Connection’ that wa 2, and Ka Piltawodli/Park 1, Padipadinyilla/Park Torrens/Karrawirra Parri edges an not actioned (Veale 1958, pp. 68-7 During March – August 1957 the Town Clerk, Colonel William CD Veale, undertook a study During March tour of council organisations and facilities in Europe North America, submitted his reports on various topics in October 1958. Thus he proposed the development of a golf ra Park No. 6,” near Lefevre Terrace, together with recommended the development of a Par 3 Pitch and Putt Golf Course similar to that seen overseas:
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PILTAWODLI:
3.0 ADELAIDE PARK LANDS & SQUARES ) and ), Sugar Gum ), Radiata Pine sideroxylon
suber
halepensis
Pinus Quercus Eucalyptus (1880) but hidden within the landscape is ), Cork Oak ( s extant on the site, with additional plantings ), Aleppo Pine ( ilex Report
Quercus canariensis ). Thus the 1920s-30s, 1940s and 1960s planting layers
Pinus citriodora
), Holm Oak ( Corymbia ) have been established where once every tree in Piltawodli/Park 1 was felled pseudoacacia
), Canary Island Pine ( ssp species occurring in the 1960s with Ironbarks ( ssp species occurring in the cladocalyx
Robinia radiata
Eucalyptus Pinus Eucalyptus Acacia ( ( ( and grubbed. In the 1920s-30s southern Golf Course was laid out planted with tree species typical of the period. In 1940s northern Golf Course was laid out and appropriated and incorporated pre-1940s planting of subsumed the original character set by Brown’s Lemon-scented Gum ( still this underlying structure.