Chamaedorea pochutlensis LC Taxonomic Authority: Liebm.  Global Assessment  Regional Assessment Region: Global  Endemic to region Synonyms Common Names karwin H.Wendl., Allg. Gartenzeitung 21: 179 (1853 Nunnezharia karwins (H.Wendl.) Kuntze, Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 730 (18 Nunnezharia pochutl (Liebm.) Kuntze, Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 730 (1891

Upper Level Kingdom: PLANTAE Phylum: TRACHEOPHYTA Class: LILIOPSIDA Order: Family: PALMAE Lower Level Taxonomy Rank: Infra- rank name:  Hybrid Subpopulation: Authority:

General Information Distribution Chamaedorea pochutlensis occurs over a wide range along the Pacific slope of Mexico from Sinaloa in the north to Oaxaca in the south (Hodel 1992, Henderson Galeano & Bernal 1997).

Range Size Elevation Biogeographic Realm Area of Occupancy: Upper limit: 2000  Afrotropical Extent of Occurrence: Lower limit: 50  Antarctic Map Status: Depth  Australasian Upper limit:  Neotropical Lower limit:  Oceanian Depth Zones  Palearctic  Shallow photic  Bathyl  Hadal  Indomalayan  Photic  Abyssal  Nearctic Population Total population size is not known, but it is reported to be found in isolated clumps, often along ravines and canyons and not common (Hodel 1992).

Total Population Size Minimum Population Size: Maximum Population Size: Habitat and Ecology This palm occurs in moist forest from low to high altitudes (50 - 2,000m). Usually found on steep slopes along canyons and ravines associated with pine/oak forest and Ipomoea, Bursera, Brosimum and Psidium.

System Movement pattern Crop Wild Relative  Terrestrial  Freshwater  Nomadic  Congregatory/Dispersive  Is the a wild relative of a crop?  Marine  Migratory  Altitudinally migrant Life History

Age at Maturity Female: Units for Age: Male: Size at Maturity (in cm) Female: Male: Longevity: Units for Longevity: Averate Reproductive Age: Units for Reproductive Age: Maximum Size (in cm): Size at Birth (in cm): Gestation Time: Units for Gestation: Generation Length: Justification: Reproductive Periodicity: Average Annual Fecundity or Litter Size: Annual Rate of Population Increase: Annual Rate of Population Increase: Natural Mortality:

Threats General threats to the habitat in which C. pochutlensis occurs include growing areas of human settlement and clearing of forest for large-scale agriculture projects. cutting and seed collections of Chamaedorea from the wild are particularly common in Mexico (Johnson 2010). Johnson (2010) notes that Chamaedorea palms are particularly susceptible to disturbance and destruction of their habitat.

Past Present Future 1 Habitat Loss/Degradation (human induced)  1.1 Agriculture  1.1.1 Crops  1.1.4 Livestock  1.4 Infrastructure development  1.4.2 Human settlement  Conservation Measures The range of C. pochutlensis intersects numerous protected areas, but few known collections of specimens are reported from inside protected areas, although see Dressler 998, which is likely to have been collected in the Sierra de San Juan State Biosphere Reserve. C. pochutlensis has previously been rated as Vulnerable (Walter and Gillett 1998). There are no known ex situ seed collections, but this palm is known to be widely cultivated.

In Place Needed 3 Research actions  3.2 Population numbers and range  3.6 Uses and harvest levels  3.9 Trends/Monitoring  4 Habitat and site-based actions  4.4 Protected areas  5 Species-based actions  5.7 Ex situ conservation actions  5.7.1 Captive breeding/Artificial propagation  5.7.2 Genome resource bank  Countries of Occurrence

PRESENCE ORIGIN Year Breeding Non- Passage Possibly ExtinctPresence Native Introduced Re- Vagrant Origin Round Season breeding migrant extinct uncertain Introduced uncertain only season only Mexico    Colima    Durango    Guerrero    Jalisco    Michoacán    Nayarit    Oaxaca    Sinaloa   

General Habitats Score Description Major Importance 1 Forest 1UnsetSuitable 1.6 Forest - Subtropical/Tropical Moist Lowland1Unset Suitable 1.9 Forest - Subtropical/Tropical Moist Montane1Unset Suitable

Ecosystem Services  Insufficient Information available  Species provides no ecosystem services

Species Utilisation  Species is not utilised at all

Purpose / Type of Use Subsistence National International 3. Medicine - human and veterinary  Indigenous peoples in Jalisco, Mexico use C. pochutlensis to treat dysentery (Hodel 1992).

Trend in the level of wild offtake/harvest in relation to total wild population numbers over the last five years: Trend in the amount of offtake/harvest produced through domestication/cultivation over the last five years: CITES status: Not listed

IUCN Red Listing Red List Assessment:(using 2001 IUCN system) Least Concern (LC)

Red List Criteria: Date Last Seen (only for EX, EW or Possibly EX species): Is the species Possibly Extinct?  Possibly Extinct Candidate?  Rationale for the Red List Assessment C. pochutlensis has a fairly wide range along the Pacific slope of Mexico. Across its range there are threats to the habitat and there is little protection from the protected areas network. Some relatively recent specimen collections of this species have been made indicating it is still extant. However, it is important to continue to monitor this species as any reduction in the range could quickly lead to a rating in a threatened category.

Reason(s) for Change in Red List Category from the Previous Assessment:  Genuine Change  Nongenuine Change  No Change  Genuine (recent)  New information  Taxonomy  Same category  Genuine (since first assessment)  Knowledge of Criteria  Criteria Revisio and criteria  Incorrect data used  Other  Same category but previously change in criteria Current Population Trend: Stable Date of Assessment: 23/04/2009 Name(s) of the Assessor(s): Loftus, C. Evaluator(s): Notes:

% population decline in the past: Time period over which the past decline has been measured for applying Criterion A or C1 (in years or generations): % population decline in the future: Time period over which the future decline has been measured for applying Criterion A or C1 (in years or generations): Number of Locations: Severely Fragmented: Number of Mature Individuals:

Bibliography Henderson, A., Galeano, G., Bernal, R., 1997, Field guide to the Palms of the Americas, , , Hodel, D.R., 1992, Chamaedorea palms : the species and their cultivation / text and photographs, , Lawrence, Kansas : International Palm Society, 1992., Johnson, D.V., 2010, Non-wood forest products - Tropical palms, 2010 revision, , FAO, Johnson, D.V., IUCN/SSC Palm Specialist Group, 1996, Palms, Their Conservation and Sustained Utilization, International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources. Species Survival Commission, IUCN/SSC Palm Specialist Group, , , Walter, K.S. and Gillett, H.J., 1998, 1997 IUCN red list of threatened , 862, IUCN, Gland, Switzerland