Appendix I. Clergymen Who Arrived in V Irginia Between 1607 and 1699
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' ' ., ,�- NONIMPORTATION AND THE SEARCH FOR ECONOMIC INDEPENDENCE IN VIRGINIA, 1765-1775 BRUCE ALLAN RAGSDALE Charlottesville, Virginia B.A., University of Virginia, 1974 M.A., University of Virginia, 1980 A Dissertation Presented to the Graduate Faculty of the University of Virginia in Candidacy for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy Corcoran Department of History University of Virginia May 1985 © Copyright by Bruce Allan Ragsdale All Rights Reserved May 1985 TABLE OF CONTENTS Introduction: 1 Chapter 1: Trade and Economic Development in Virginia, 1730-1775 13 Chapter 2: The Dilemma of the Great Planters 55 Chapter 3: An Imperial Crisis and the Origins of Commercial Resistance in Virginia 84 Chapter 4: The Nonimportation Association of 1769 and 1770 117 Chapter 5: The Slave Trade and Economic Reform 180 Chapter 6: Commercial Development and the Credit Crisis of 1772 218 Chapter 7: The Revival Of Commercial Resistance 275 Chapter 8: The Continental Association in Virginia 340 Bibliography: 397 Key to Abbreviations used in Endnotes WMQ William and Mary Quarterly VMHB Virginia Magazine of History and Biography Hening William Waller Hening, ed., The Statutes at Large; Being� Collection of all the Laws Qf Virginia, from the First Session of the Legislature in the year 1619, 13 vols. Journals of the House of Burgesses of Virginia Rev. Va. Revolutionary Virginia: The Road to Independence, 7 vols. LC Library of Congress PRO Public Record Office, London co Colonial Office UVA Manuscripts Department, Alderman Library, University of Virginia VHS Virginia Historical Society VSL Virginia State Library Introduction Three times in the decade before the Revolution. Vir ginians organized nonimportation associations as a protest against specific legislation from the British Parliament. -
The Origins of a Free Press in Prerevolutionary Virginia: Creating
Dedication To my late father, Curtis Gordon Mellen, who taught me that who we are is not decided by the advantages or tragedies that are thrown our way, but rather by how we deal with them. Table of Contents Foreword by David Waldstreicher....................................................................................i Acknowledgements .........................................................................................................iii Chapter 1 Prologue: Culture of Deference ...................................................................................1 Chapter 2 Print Culture in the Early Chesapeake Region...........................................................13 A Limited Print Culture.........................................................................................14 Print Culture Broadens ...........................................................................................28 Chapter 3 Chesapeake Newspapers and Expanding Civic Discourse, 1728-1764.......................57 Early Newspaper Form...........................................................................................58 Changes: Discourse Increases and Broadens ..............................................................76 Chapter 4 The Colonial Chesapeake Almanac: Revolutionary “Agent of Change” ...................97 The “Almanacks”.....................................................................................................99 Chapter 5 Women, Print, and Discourse .................................................................................133 -
The Cathedral Church of St Peter in Exeter
The Cathedral Church of St Peter in Exeter Financial statements For the year ended 31 December 2019 Exeter Cathedral Contents Page Annual report 1 – 13 Statement of the Responsibilities of the Chapter 14 Independent auditors’ report 15-16 Consolidated statement of financial activities 17 Consolidated balance sheet 18 Cathedral balance sheet 19 Consolidated cash flow statement 20 Notes 21 – 41 Exeter Cathedral Annual Report For the year ended 31 December 2019 REFERENCE AND ADMINISTRATIVE INFORMATION Governing statute The Cathedral’s Constitution and Statutes were implemented on 24 November 2001 under the Cathedrals’ Measure 1999, and amended on 18 May 2007, 12 March 2014 and 14 January 2016, under the provisions of the Measure. The Chapter The administrative body is the Chapter. The members of the Chapter during the period 1 January 2019 to the date of approval of the annual report and financial statements were as follows: The Very Reverend Jonathan Greener Dean The Reverend Canon Dr Mike Williams Canon Treasurer The Reverend Canon Becky Totterdell Residentiary Canon (until October 2019) The Reverend Canon James Mustard Canon Precentor The Reverend Canon Dr Chris Palmer Canon Chancellor John Endacott FCA Chapter Canon The Venerable Dr Trevor Jones Chapter Canon Jenny Ellis CB Chapter Canon The Reverend Canon Cate Edmond Canon Steward (from October 2019) Address Cathedral Office 1 The Cloisters EXETER, EX1 1HS Staff with Management Responsibilities Administrator Catherine Escott Clerk of Works Christopher Sampson Director of Music Timothy -
The History of the Jamestown Colony: Seventeenth-Century and Modern Interpretations
The History of the Jamestown Colony: Seventeenth-Century and Modern Interpretations A Senior Honors Thesis Presented in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for graduation with research distinction in History in the undergraduate colleges of the Ohio State University By Sarah McBee The Ohio State University at Mansfield June 2009 Project Advisor: Professor Heather Tanner, Department of History Introduction Reevaluating Jamestown On an unexceptional day in December about four hundred years ago, three small ships embarked from an English dock and began the long and treacherous voyage across the Atlantic. The passengers on board envisioned their goals – wealth and discovery, glory and destiny. The promise of a new life hung tantalizingly ahead of them. When they arrived in their new world in May of the next year, they did not know that they were to begin the journey of a nation that would eventually become the United States of America. This summary sounds almost ridiculously idealistic – dream-driven achievers setting out to start over and build for themselves a better world. To the average American citizen, this story appears to be the classic description of the Pilgrims coming to the new world in 1620 seeking religious freedom. But what would the same average American citizen say to the fact that this deceptively idealistic story actually took place almost fourteen years earlier at Jamestown, Virginia? The unfortunate truth is that most people do not know the story of the Jamestown colony, established in 1607.1 Even when people have heard of Jamestown, often it is with a negative connotation. Common knowledge marginally recognizes Jamestown as the colony that predates the Separatists in New England by more than a dozen years, and as the first permanent English settlement in America. -
Office Attendants and Cleaners Certified
OFFICE ATTENDANTS AND CLEANERS CERTIFIED For the first time in the history of “You can use the certificates the judiciary, office attendants and to get jobs elsewhere includ- cleaners have been certified after ing overseas because IWED they received training to improve is an accredited training or- their performance on the job in a ganization (ATO) by bid to make Jamaica’s judiciary NCTVET- Heart Trust/NTA the best in the Caribbean in three and HEART is a recognized years and among the best in the institution,” the Chief Justice world in six years. emphasized. The four-day training, which was One of the participants in the conducted by the Institute of training exercise Rosemarie The Hon. Mr. Justice Bryan Sykes OJ CD, Workforce Education and Devel- Chanteloupe from the Chief Justice, hands over certificate to Jennifer opment (IWED) at the Knutsford Manchester Parish Court said Bryan from the Traffic Court at the Award Court Hotel in Kingston “I learn a lot and I appreciate Ceremony for Office Attendants held at the everything that they did for (November 18-19, 2019) and Riu Terra Nova All-Suite Hotel in St. Andrew on Hotel in Montego Bay, St. James December 19, 2019. us. The training helped us to (November 21-22, 2019), covered learn more about our work ethic and to have better a range of topics such as: custom- and urged them to apply what they have customer relation skills.” er relations, proper sanitation, garnered from the training exercise to food handling practices and pro- their jobs. Another participant, Shaun cedures, occupational safety and Huggarth from the Hanover Chief Justice Sykes said the training is workplace professionalism. -
A Jamestown Timeline
A Jamestown Timeline Christopher Columbus never reached the shores of the North American Continent, but European explorers learned three things from him: there was someplace to go, there was a way to get there, and most importantly, there was a way to get back. Thus began the European exploration of what they referred to as the “New World”. The following timeline details important events in the establishment of the fi rst permanent English settlement in America – Jamestown, Virginia. PRELIMINARY EVENTS 1570s Spanish Jesuits set up an Indian mission on the York River in Virginia. They were killed by the Indians, and the mission was abandoned. Wahunsonacock (Chief Powhatan) inherited a chiefdom of six tribes on the upper James and middle York Rivers. By 1607, he had conquered about 25 other tribes. 1585-1590 Three separate voyages sent English settlers to Roanoke, Virginia (now North Carolina). On the last voyage, John White could not locate the “lost” settlers. 1602 Captain Bartholomew Gosnold explored New England, naming some areas near and including Martha’s Vineyard. 1603 Queen Elizabeth I died; James VI of Scotland became James I of England. EARLY SETTLEMENT YEARS 1606, April James I of England granted a charter to the Virginia Company to establish colonies in Virginia. The charter named two branches of the Company, the Virginia Company of London and the Virginia Company of Plymouth. 1606, December 20 Three ships – Susan Constant, Godspeed, and Discovery – left London with 105 men and boys to establish a colony in Virginia between 34 and 41 degrees latitude. 1607, April 26 The three ships sighted the land of Virginia, landed at Cape Henry (present day Virginia Beach) and were attacked by Indians. -
The British War Office
University of Massachusetts Amherst ScholarWorks@UMass Amherst Masters Theses 1911 - February 2014 1976 The rB itish War Office ;: from the Crimean War to Cardwell, 1855-1868. Paul H. Harpin University of Massachusetts Amherst Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarworks.umass.edu/theses Harpin, Paul H., "The rB itish War Office ;: from the Crimean War to Cardwell, 1855-1868." (1976). Masters Theses 1911 - February 2014. 1592. Retrieved from https://scholarworks.umass.edu/theses/1592 This thesis is brought to you for free and open access by ScholarWorks@UMass Amherst. It has been accepted for inclusion in Masters Theses 1911 - February 2014 by an authorized administrator of ScholarWorks@UMass Amherst. For more information, please contact [email protected]. THE BRITISH WAR OFFICE: FROM THE CRIMEAN WAR TO CARDWELL, 1855-1868 A Thesis Presented by Paul H. Harpin Submitted to the Graduate School of the University of Massachusetts in partial Ifillment of the requirements for the degree MASTER OF ARTS May 19 76 History THE BRITISH WAR OFFICE: FROM THE CRIMEAN WAR TO CARDWELL , 1855-1868 A Thesis by Paul H. Harpin Approved as to style and content by: Harold J. Gordon, Jr. , Chairmakyof Committee Franklin B. Wickv/lre, Member Mary B. Wickwire , Member Gerald W. McFarland, Department Head History Department May 1976 ii TABLE OF CONTENTS PREFACE iv Chapter I. INTRODUCTION 1 II. INEFFICIENCY, NEGLIGENCE AND THE CRIMEAN WAR 7 III. REORGANIZATION 1855-1860 . 27 General 27 Correspondence and the Conduct of Business within the War Office 37 Civil-Military Relations 4 9 Armaments and Artillery Administration .... 53 Engineers 57 Clothing 61 Armaments Manufacture 64 The Accountant General's Office 71 Commissariat * 75 Conclusion 81 IV. -
The History of the College of William and Mary from Its Foundation, 1693
1693 - 1870 m 1m mmtm m m m&NBm iKMi Sam On,•'.;:'.. m '' IIP -.•. m : . UBS . mm W3m BBSshsR iillltwlll ass I HHH1 m '. • ml §88 BmHRSSranH M£$ Sara ,mm. mam %£kff EARL GREGG SWEM LIBRARY THE COLLEGE OF WILLIAM AND MARY IN VIRGINIA Presented By Dorothy Dickinson PIPPEN'S a BOOI^ a g OllD STORE, 5j S) 60S N. Eutaw St. a. BALT WORE. BOOES EOUOE' j ESCHANQED. 31 Digitized by the Internet Archive in 2011 with funding from LYRASIS Members and Sloan Foundation http://www.archive.org/details/historyofcollege1870coll 0\JI.LCkj£ THE HISTORY College of William and Mary From its Foundation, 1693, to 1870. BALTIMOKE: Printed by John Murphy & Co. Publishers, Booksellers, Printers and Stationers, 182 Baltimore Street. 1870. Oath of Visitor, I. A. B., do golemnly promise and swear, that I will truly and faith- fully execute the duties of my office, as a vistor of William and Mary College, according to the best of my skill and judgment, without favour, affection or partiality. So help me God. Oath of President or Professor. I, do swear, that I will well and truly execute the duties of my office of according to the best of my ability. So help me God. THE CHARTER OF THE College of William and Mary, In Virginia. WILLIAM AND MARY, by the grace of God, of England, Scot- land, France and Ireland, King and Queen, defenders of the faith, &c. To all to whom these our present letters shall come, greeting. Forasmuch as our well-beloved and faithful subjects, constituting the General Assembly of our Colony of Virginia, have had it in their minds, and have proposed -
Orme) Wilberforce (Albert) Raymond Blackburn (Alexander Bell
Copyrights sought (Albert) Basil (Orme) Wilberforce (Albert) Raymond Blackburn (Alexander Bell) Filson Young (Alexander) Forbes Hendry (Alexander) Frederick Whyte (Alfred Hubert) Roy Fedden (Alfred) Alistair Cooke (Alfred) Guy Garrod (Alfred) James Hawkey (Archibald) Berkeley Milne (Archibald) David Stirling (Archibald) Havergal Downes-Shaw (Arthur) Berriedale Keith (Arthur) Beverley Baxter (Arthur) Cecil Tyrrell Beck (Arthur) Clive Morrison-Bell (Arthur) Hugh (Elsdale) Molson (Arthur) Mervyn Stockwood (Arthur) Paul Boissier, Harrow Heraldry Committee & Harrow School (Arthur) Trevor Dawson (Arwyn) Lynn Ungoed-Thomas (Basil Arthur) John Peto (Basil) Kingsley Martin (Basil) Kingsley Martin (Basil) Kingsley Martin & New Statesman (Borlasse Elward) Wyndham Childs (Cecil Frederick) Nevil Macready (Cecil George) Graham Hayman (Charles Edward) Howard Vincent (Charles Henry) Collins Baker (Charles) Alexander Harris (Charles) Cyril Clarke (Charles) Edgar Wood (Charles) Edward Troup (Charles) Frederick (Howard) Gough (Charles) Michael Duff (Charles) Philip Fothergill (Charles) Philip Fothergill, Liberal National Organisation, N-E Warwickshire Liberal Association & Rt Hon Charles Albert McCurdy (Charles) Vernon (Oldfield) Bartlett (Charles) Vernon (Oldfield) Bartlett & World Review of Reviews (Claude) Nigel (Byam) Davies (Claude) Nigel (Byam) Davies (Colin) Mark Patrick (Crwfurd) Wilfrid Griffin Eady (Cyril) Berkeley Ormerod (Cyril) Desmond Keeling (Cyril) George Toogood (Cyril) Kenneth Bird (David) Euan Wallace (Davies) Evan Bedford (Denis Duncan) -
The Apostolic Succession of the Right Rev. James Michael St. George
The Apostolic Succession of The Right Rev. James Michael St. George © Copyright 2014-2015, The International Old Catholic Churches, Inc. 1 Table of Contents Certificates ....................................................................................................................................................4 ......................................................................................................................................................................5 Photos ...........................................................................................................................................................6 Lines of Succession........................................................................................................................................7 Succession from the Chaldean Catholic Church .......................................................................................7 Succession from the Syrian-Orthodox Patriarchate of Antioch..............................................................10 The Coptic Orthodox Succession ............................................................................................................16 Succession from the Russian Orthodox Church......................................................................................20 Succession from the Melkite-Greek Patriarchate of Antioch and all East..............................................27 Duarte Costa Succession – Roman Catholic Succession .........................................................................34 -
The Germination of a Free Press: a Dissident Print Culture and the Stamp Act in Colonial Virginia
The Germination of a Free Press: A Dissident Print Culture and the Stamp Act in Colonial Virginia by Roger P. Mellen April, 2006 Roger P. Mellen 2 2/10/06 Acknowledgments The modern electronic world has made crucial primary documents and other sources instantly available through the Internet, yet research still requires the help of many archivists and librarians. This author would like to recognize a special debt to a few experts who have gone beyond the requirements of their job to help: Rosemarie Zagarri, Professor of History at George Mason University, and my dissertation advisor. Del Moore, Reference Librarian at the John D. Rockefeller, Jr. Library at the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation. J. Jefferson Looney, Editor, The Papers of Thomas Jefferson: Retirement Series, Thomas Jefferson Foundation, for verifying the Thomas Jefferson letter to Isaiah Thomas does not exist, locating the actual letter, and a variety of other help. Thomas Knoles, Curator of Manuscripts, American Antiquarian Society for assistance in attempting to locate the supposed letter from Thomas Jefferson to Isaiah Thomas. Martha King, Associate Editor, Papers of Thomas Jefferson, Princeton University, for general research suggestions and for help analyzing Jefferson's handwriting. Mariam Touba, Reference Librarian, New York Historical Society for help tracking down the origin of a rare Virginia Gazette, and possible Jefferson connection. Kim Nusco, Reference Librarian, Massachusetts Historical Society, for assistance in tracking down an obscure letter from former Lieutenant Governor Alexander Spotswood. Olga Tsapina, Curator of American Historical Manuscripts, Huntington Library, San Marino, CA for promptly sending me a copy of Landon Carter's letter to Joseph Royle. -
The Bishop of London, Colonialism and Transatlantic Slavery
The Bishop of London, colonialism and transatlantic slavery: Research brief for a temporary exhibition, spring 2022 and information to input into permanent displays Introduction Fulham Palace is one of the earliest and most intriguing historic powerhouses situated alongside the Thames and the last one to be fully restored. It dates back to 704AD and for over thirteen centuries was owned by the Bishop of London. The Palace site is of exceptional archaeological interest and has been a scheduled monument since 1976. The buildings are listed as Grade I and II. The 13 acres of botanical gardens, with plant specimens introduced here from all over the world in the late 17th century, are Grade II* listed. Fulham Palace Trust has run the site since 2011. We are restoring it to its former glory so that we can fulfil our vision to engage people of all ages and from all walks of life with the many benefits the Palace and gardens have to offer. Our site-wide interpretation, inspired learning and engagement programmes, and richly-textured exhibitions reveal insights, through the individual stories of the Bishops of London, into over 1,300 years of English history. In 2019 we completed a £3.8m capital project, supported by the National Lottery Heritage Fund, to restore and renew the historic house and garden. The Trust opens the Palace and gardens seven days a week free of charge. In 2019/20 we welcomed 340,000 visitors. We manage a museum, café, an award-winning schools programme (engaging over 5,640 pupils annually) and we stage a wide range of cultural events.