246. Route 45. , BALE.

produced in the neighbourhood. Omnibus to Badenweiler (p. 269) in 1 hr., fare 30 kr. Travellers arriving late are recommended to pass the night at Müllheim, as the hotels at Badenweiler are occasio nally full. To the W. of Müllheim, on the , 1/2 M. from the station, lies Neuenburg (Hirsch), the greater part of which was carried away by an inundation many years ago. It was besieged in 1633–34 by Bernhard von Weimar, who ended his heroic career in 1639, having probably been poi soned by order of Richelieu, who dreaded the Duke's independent proceed ings in Alsace. Beyond Schliengen (* Krone) the line approaches the Rhine,

here divided by islands into several arms. - Stations Bellingen, Rheinweiler, Kleinkems. Then three short tunnels through the “Isteiner Klotz’, a limestone cliff overhanging the water, to stat. Efringen. The construction of the line, which winds along the hill-side high above the river, is an object of inter est between Bellingen and Efringen. At stat. (878 ft.) the train crosses the Kander, beyond which a fine view is disclosed of the course of the Rhine, Alsace, and the Jura beyond Bâle. Sta tions Haltingen, Leopoldshöhe. To the r., on the opposite bank, is the old fortress of Hüningen. The station at Klein- is 1/2 M. from the Rhine - bridge, to which a broad street leads direct, and 11/2 M. from the central-station at Băle. Băle. Hotels. *TRois Rors (Pl. a), on the Rhine, R. from 2, L. i2. B. 112, D. M., A. 1 fr. ; *Hotel, EULER, Schweizerhof, both at the Central Station, R. from 2, L. and A. 11|a, Omnibus 1 fr. ; GoldNER FALKE, a little farther distant, at the corner of the Elisabethen-Str. — "WildER MANN (Pl. c.), +Storch (Pl. b), *KRoNE (PI. d), *Kopf (Pl. e), all somewhat more moderate. Hotel, DE LA Poste. *Schi FF, unpretending. — At Klein Basel, on the opposite bank of the Rhine : *KREUz (Pl. h), with its back to the Rhine : *BAR (Pl. g), opposite the latter, both unpretending, R. 112, B. 1, A. J. fr. ; Hôtel, SchriedER, at the Baden station. Cafés. *Trois Rois, two houses above the hotel of that name; *Café National at Klein-Basel, near the bridge; Café de Bāle near the theatre. — Restaurants. At the * Central and *Baden stations; Kibiger, Barfüsser-Platz; Schumacher, opposite the Central Station, moderate. Sommer-Casino (Pl. 18) not far from the monument of St. Jacob ; concert Wed. 6–9 p. m. Thoma's beer-garden, near the Central Station. The hotels and cafés are also restaurants. Conveyances. Omnibus from the station to the town (50 lbs. luggage free) |2 fr., from the Baden to the Swiss station 1 fr. — Cabs: "|4 hr, 1– 2 pers. 80 c. , 3–4, pers. 1 fr. 20 c. , by the hour 2–3 fr. , to or from the station 1–4 pers. 12 fr. ; from one station to the other 1–2 pers. 1"|2, 3 –4 pers. 2"|2 fr. ; each box 30 c. Railway-Stations. Baden-Station at Klein-Basel, "|2 M. (straight) from the Rhine bridge. — The stations of the Alsace and Swiss lines are united at the Central Station at Bâle, on the S. side of the town, 11|, M. from the Rhine-bridge. The waiting-rooms for the Alsace line are to the r., those for the Swiss line to the 1. Post and Telegraph Office (Pl. 15) in the Freien-Strasse and at the Central Station. Baths in the Rhine near the Münster, entered from the Pfalz (p. 248), 50 c. – Warm baths: Sigmund, Leonhard-Str. ; Meyer-Ritter, Elisabethen Str. Newspapers at the WLese-Gesellschaft near the Münster, Strangers intro duced by a member. Münster. BALE. 45. Route. 247

Leckerli, a kind of cake regarded as a specialty of Bâle, may be pur chased of Steigers, Schneidergasse, near the Storch. English Church Service at the Three Kings Hotel. Băle (869 ft.), or Basel (comp. Baedeker's Switzerland), the capital of the canton Basel-Stadt (pop. 44,834; 12,019 Rom. Cath.), is first mentioned in 374 as Basilea, having been probably founded by the Roman army when it fell back on the Rhine near the old Colonia Augusta Rauracorum (founded B. C. 27 by L. Munatius Plancus, now Basel Augst, 5 M. from Băle on the 1. bank of the Rhine). Bâle is indebted for its wealth and prosperity to its ad vantageous position at the junction of the frontiers of ,

France, and Switzerland. - The town lies on the 1. bank of the Rhine, and is connected with Klein-Basel by a wooden bridge, 200 yds. in length. In the middle of it, on the r. side rises a red sandstone obelisk, with a

thermometer, barometer, etc. - The *Münster (Pl. 9), an imposing edifice, with two lofty towers, formerly the Cathedral of the see of Bâle (bishop's residence now at Soleure), was built by the Emp. Henry II. in 1010–1019, and restored in 1185, after a fire. In 1356 the old building was all but levelled by an earthquake, but was afterwards rebuilt in the Gothic style. Of the original Romanesque structure the N. portal, or St. Gallus gateway, still exists, adorned with statues of the Evangelists, John the Baptist, and other saints; over the door is a relief of the wise and foolish virgins; at the sides, in six niches, are the works of charity; at the top Christ on the Judg ment – seat, and the angels at the last day, by whose trumpet mortals are so taken by surprise that they have barely time to don their garments. The W. Façade under the towers, with the prin cipal gateway and two side-entrances, belongs to the 14th cent. ; on the front are the Virgin and Child, under them the Emp. Henry, the founder and benefactor of the Church, with the Empress He lena; on the two side-entrances two knights, l. St. George and the Dragon, r. St. Martin. The Towers, 220 ft. in height, were not completed till 1500. In 1431 began the convocation of the great Council in the Münster. It consisted of 500 ecclesiastics, whose ostensible task was a ‘reformation of the Church in head and mem bers', but after having disputed for years without result, and been excommunicated by Pope Eugene IV., it was at last dissolved in 1448. The Church is open on Tuesd. and Frid. 2–4. The sacristan lives opposite the principal entrance (fee 1/2 fr.). The In te rior, bereft of its most beautiful ornaments in the great iconoclasm of 1529, was re-decorated in 1852–1856 with great skill. The beautiful rood-loft of 1381 now supports the organ, a very fine instrument (performances once or twice a week in summer, 6–7 p.m.; adm. 1 fr.). Pulpit of 1486. The aisles and choir contain fine old monuments built into the walls; in the N. aisle the old episcopal throne; also reliefs of the 11th cent. (scenes from the lives of the martyrs); font of 1465, on the pillar opposite to it the tombstone of the learned Erasmus of Rotterdam (d. 1536). In the passage round the choir are monuments of the Empress 248 Route 45. BALE. Museum.

Anna (d. 1281), wife of Rudolph of Hapsburg, and of her youngest son Charles. The modern stained glass windows represent Moses and David, Peter and Paul, the Evangelists, and Christ as Judge. The crypt, which belongs to the original edifice, contains relics of frescoes of the 13th cent. , and six sarcophagi of the family of the Margraves of Baden-Durlach (1 1709). — A stair leads from the choir to the Council Hall, still exactly in the condition in which it was left 400 years ago, and containing fragments of the celebrated Dance of Death of Bâle, painted in 1409 to commemorate the plague, erroneously attributed to Holbein, and a few other relics. Here, too, is the Lällenkönig, a head from an old clock-tower on the Rhine bridge (taken down in 1839), which rolled its eyes and protruded its tongue (‘Lälli) at each stroke of the pendulum, and had been erected in derision of the inhabitants of Klein-Basel in consequence of a dispute. On the S. side of the Choir are extensive * Cloisters, built in 1362, 1400, and 1487, connecting the church with the episcopal palace, and once used as family burial-places, where the reformers (Ecolampadius (d. 1531) and Grynaeus (d. 1541) repose. They ex tend behind the Münster to a terrace overlooking the Rhine, 80 ft. below, termed the Pfalz, from an imperial Pfalz or palace to which it is said to have belonged. The Pfalz affords a pleasant survey of the green river and the dark heights of the Black Forest. Below it are the bathing establishments; above that to the W. is the Reading Club (p. 246). Behind the Münster is the house of Eras mus of Rotterdam, and a statue of (Ecolampadius. In the street leading to the N.W. from the Münster-Platz to the bridge is the *Museum (Pl. 14), open Sund. 10–12, Wed. 2–4; on other days adm. 1 fr. The Picture Gallery is remarkable for paintings and drawings by the younger Holbein (b. at Augsburg 1498, d. in London 1554). On the STAIRCAse: Cornelius, Cartoons for the frescoes in the Ludwigkirche at Munich; Schnorr, Chriemhilde's lament, a cartoon of the picture in the Nibelungen - Saal at Munich; Steinle, Moses breaking the tables of the law, cartoon of a painting in Schloss Rheineck. Then several casts: Chapenière, David; Rietschel, Holbein. — ANTE - Chamber : 1. Holbein; 2–11, Old copies from Holbein. — Room of the DRAwixgs: 135, #136, *137. Albert Dürer; 157. Cornelius, Last Judgment, original drawing of a fresco in the Ludwigkirche at Munich. Under glass, the ‘Praise of Folly’ of Erasmus, with marginal illustrations by Holbein. — Paintings. A. Holbern Room : 7, 8. Schoolmaster's signboard of 1516; 13. Portrait of Bonifacius Amer bach; 14. The burgomaster Jacob Meyer and his wife; 16. Erasmus; 19. Body of Christ, of startling fidelity; *20. Wife and children of the painter; 21. Last Suppér; *22. Fräulein Offenburg as Lais; *26. The Passion in eight sections, a picture for which the Elector Maximilian offered 30,000 fl. in 1641; 34. The bookseller Froben; 36. A London merchant; +52, 53. 54. Fries, John the Baptist. In the centre a statue of Rebecca, by Imhof. — B. EARLY GERMAN Room : 84. L. Cranach, Lucretia. — C. BALE Room, or rather Room of Swiss Masters: 133. Hieron. Hess, Battle of St. Jacob on the Birs (p. 249); 141. Landerer, Entry into Bāle of the federal ambassadors to swear allegiance to the Confederation in 1501; *Calame, Schreckhorn and Wetterhorn; *150. Koller, Cattle piece ; 166. L. Robert, Wounded robber and his wife. — D. Room IV: Teniers the Founger, 173. Lute-player, *174. Interior of a cottage; 199. A. Caracci, Sleep the type of Death; 209. Koch, Landscape in a storm, with Macbeth and the witches; 210. Ahlborn , Mediaeval town; 211. Neber, The angels visiting Abraham. – E. BIRMANN Collection : 267. Ann. Caracci, Nativity; 268. M. Poussin, Bacchus and his train; 270. Gherardesca de Siena (?), Madonna and Child; 281. Phil. de Champaigne, Cardinal Fleury; * 282. Mabuse, Adoration of the Magi; 289. Rembrandt (?), Portrait of a girl; +291. Te: Town Hall. BALE. 45. Route. 249

niers, Smoker; 311–324, by Peter Birmann; 325–330. by Sam. Birmann. In the centre a marble statue of Psyche by Schlöth. — Room VI. (to the 1. of the Holbein Room): pictures by Steinle, Schnorr, Hess, Schraudolph, Overbeck, &c., without numbers. — CABINET of ANT1quities: small Roman and Greek relics and statuettes, found chiefly at Augst (p. 247) and Win disch, ecclesiastical vessels, E. Indian idols, Swiss coins and medals, Etruscan vases, terracottas, mosaics, &c. – "MEXICAN CABINET (generally closed): interesting objects from Mexico, two mummies, a glass case with curiosities from Peru and Chili. The University Library in the same building (open 2–4) con tains 85,000 vols. and 4000 MSS., among the latter the Acts of the Council attached to a chain, writings of Luther, Melanchthon, Zwingli, Erasmus, &c. The University, founded in 1459 by Pius II., the school of the great mathematicians Bernouilli, Merian, and Euler, is now attended by 130 students. The hall contains portraits of learned men of Bâle, such as the cosmographer Sebastian Münster (d. 1532), the reformers (Ecolampadius and Grynaeus, &c. tº The Town Hall (Pl. 17) in the market-place was erected in 1508 in the ‘Burgundian' style, and restored in 1826. The façade is adorned with the town-arms (a black episcopal staff leaning on a fisherman's grappling-iron) and frescoes. In the court is a statue of Munatius Plancus, the founder of Augst (p. 247), and probably of Băle also. The handsome Spahlen-Thor (St. Paul), erected about 1400, has been recently restored; the other gates, bastions, and ramparts are converted into public walks. The Fishmarkt-Fountain, of the 14th cent., restored in 1851, the Spahlen - Fountain, with a bagpiper designed by Alb. Dürer, the Roman archway in the old St. Alban's Monastery (Pl. 5), and the Barfüsser Church (Pl. 4) of the 13th cent., with very lofty choir, are also interesting mediaeval structures. The modern Gothic Church of St. Elizabeth (PI. 6), contains some fine stained glass from Mu nich. — The spacious Gothic Church of St. Clara (Pl. 25) at Klein Basel, has lately been restored. The Monument of St. Jacob (Pl. 3), about 2 M. S.E. of the AEschen Thor, on the high-road to the Münster-Thal, in marble by F. Schlöth, was erected in 1872 over the burial-place of Swiss soldiers who fell while fighting for their country in 1444. Large bodies of irregular troops had assembled in France under Count Armagnac, with 30,000 of whom the Dauphin, afterwards Louis IX., marched against the Confederates at Băle. The latter were stationed at the fortress of Farnsburg, 15 M. S.E. of the town, and on the approach of the French, 1300 men attempted to force their passage to Bâle. After a desperate con flict they were all cut to pieces near the village of St. Jacob, where the final struggle took place. The red wine yielded by the vineyards which now occupy the scene of the battle is known by the name of ‘Swiss Blood". The Mission a ry Societies of Bâle are celebrated for their excellence and the success of their exertions. The Missionshaus (Pl. 12) contains an interesting ethnographical collection from Hindostan and W. Africa. — A “Society for the Public Good", with 800 members, founded towards the close of last cent. , presides over a number of schools and other establishments. — There are other similar institutions at Riehen, 3 M. to the N.E. of Bâle on the hill of St. Chrischona (p. 266), and at Beuggen (p. 273).