Social & Mobile Media Journalism | Midterm Exam | Answers
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Social & Mobile Media Journalism | Midterm Exam | Answers True / False: Indicate whether the statements below are true or false. If the statement is true, circle True; if it is false, circle False. (1 point each) 1. True / False: China has more internet users than any other country. 2. True / False: Blogs were the first news format unique to the internet. 3. True / False: The Chinese blogger Han Han was sent to prison for two years because of his outspoken views. 4. Yes / No: Adam has 500 songs in MP3 format; each song is about 5 minutes long. Will all of those songs fit on his 2 GB flash drive? Multiple-choice: Circle the letter that indicates the correct answer. (1 point each) 5. According to The New York Times article that you read, who is the target audience for The Paper and its new international sister publication, Sixth Tone? a) Older citizens who enjoy newspapers, TV and traditional media b) Millennials, also known as the “post-90s” generation c) Female readers interested in fashion and celebrities d) Government officials and business leaders 6. Our textbook says news organizations must change or die. This is a reflection of _______________. a) open-source reporting b) XML c) live-streaming d) Digital Darwinism 7. What did Paul Bradshaw call the “ultimate liberator in modern journalism”? a) Mobile technology b) Computer coding c) Pro-am reporting d) Storify 8. A lot of Americans for the first time turned to blogs for news and to offer thoughts and prayers after __________. a) the Arab Spring b) Barack Obama was elected president c) the 9/11/2001 terrorist attacks d) the Olympics were held in Beijing 9. Citizen journalists used social media to spread news about protests in __________. a) Ukraine b) Iran c) Egypt d) All of the choices 10. Luo Changping wrote that “the Chinese people themselves are increasingly wielding the pen.” What did he mean? a) Chinese people are using Weibo and WeChat to discuss politically sensitive topics. b) More young people in China are studying journalism. c) There has been an increase in production at Chinese factories that make pens. d) Censorship is getting worse in China. 11. Why would you use FTP? a) To send an email b) To post headlines from other news sources on your own website c) To transfer large files on the internet d) To be a digital native 12. What was the first blogging software? a) Pyra’s Blogger b) Google Chrome c) Really Simple Syndication d) Sina Weibo 13. The 1-10-100 rule applies to _______________. a) citizen participation on news and information websites b) government regulation of internet cafés c) how much advertising should be placed on a web page d) All of the choices 14. What coding contains the set of rules for how your web page will look? a) HTML b) CSS c) CMS d) RSS 15. Which of the following news stories would not be a good idea for live-blogging? (In other words, you would not want to live-blog this story.) a) The finals of a football tournament at your university b) A speech by a controversial activist/journalist at your university c) A protest march by sign-carrying students who say the food in the canteen is bad d) A press release announcing that the university has established a Cold War and Modern International Relations Research Center 16. What is the fifth estate? a) The news media b) The government c) The public (citizens) d) Bloggers 17. According to Burt Herman of Storify, the Web is the new printing press. But instead of running on ink, it runs on __________. a) innovation b) code c) journalism d) micro-blogging 18. If a newspaper lets readers publish news, photos and videos on the paper’s website, this is called _________. a) digital migration b) an incidental experience c) an information monopoly d) pro-am journalism 19. In tweeting, the 80-20 rule means __________. a) You should tweet 20 times every 80 minutes. b) 80 percent of your tweets should be informative and helpful; 20 percent should ask readers for help or promote your work. c) For every 80 people who follow you, you should follow 20 people. d) You should spend 80 percent of your time writing and posting tweets and 20 percent of your time reading tweets. 20. Matching: Draw a line to connect each social media platform with one fact about it. Follow my example; I did the one for Twitter. (1 point) Twitter This photo-sharing platform is banned in China. QQ You can “shake” this app to find friends nearby. Weibo Its symbol is a blue bird. Instagram It changed its name because of pressure from AOL WeChat The “queen” of this platform has almost 80 million followers. Zhihu Similar to the English-language platform called Quora Short answer: Answer the following questions in about 50 words. (5 points each) 21. Our textbook includes a conversation with Lila King, the former participation director for CNN iReport. How many contributors does iReport have? Why has it been successful? What kind of technology does iReport take advantage of? 1 million contributors worldwide Cellphone technology Why successful? People want to be citizen journalists. They want to tell stories about what is happening in their communities, and other people want to see those stories. CNN’s professional reporters can’t be everywhere. Pro-am journalism; participatory journalism; crowdsourcing. 22. Recently in the United States, two men were shot and killed by police – and then somebody shot and killed five police officers. What role did social media play in these news events? In all of the incidents, citizens reported the news by posting videos on social media. That is how the professional news media learned of the police shootings in Louisiana and Minnesota. The shooting in Minnesota was streamed live on Facebook Live. The videos went viral, getting a lot of comments. Protests were organized by people commenting on the videos. When the police officers were killed in Dallas, that prompted a lot of discussion on social media, too. People prayed for the officers and urged everyone not to be violent. Also, police use social media to gain the support of citizens. 23. How are some of the best practices for journalists using microblogging platforms like Twitter or Weibo? What can journalists do to get a tweet to go viral – so other people will spread it? Post regularly. Say something interesting, funny or clever. Start a discussion (perhaps by raising a question). Engage with the audience; have a conversation. Use hashtags and @usernames. Include photos, videos and links. (But keep tweets short.) 24. What is a “MoJo”? What does a MoJo do? What kind of equipment or skills should a MoJo have? Mobile journalist; a one-person news team. A MoJo travels throughout the community, shoots photos and videos and writes stories, and distributes this content via social media and on the news organization’s website. A MoJo might spend most of the time in the car and not have an office. A MoJo who is a lightpacker needs a cellphone and a Bluetooth keyboard; a “gearhead” would take a laptop, regular camera and other equipment as well. MoJos must have social media skills, as well as reporting and writing skills and the ability to capture and edit photos, videos and other multimedia. Essays On the following blank pages, answer any three of the following essay questions. Each of your answers should be 200-300 words. (20 points each) Crowdsourcing: What is crowdsourcing? Give the definition from our textbook or from Jeff Howe. What are the different forms of crowdsourcing? Asking people to collaborate, contribute information or photos, or provide ideas, or provide donations (crowd-funding) Is crowdsourcing good for journalism or bad for journalism (or both)? Address negative impact – when the ‘crowd’ gives bad information. Give at least one example of a news story that used crowd-sourcing. Rimsky: Shanghai radio program invites traffic photos. Also, citizen journalists covered the floods in China last month. Also, raising money for flood victims (Nianci Lyu). Also called distributed reporting. “Many hands make light work.” Crowdsourcing can mean collaborating online (like Wikipedia); having people provide information or photos for a story; and crowdfunding (Kickstarter, Through the Cracks, Beacon). Journalists must be concerned about whether the information they get from the crowd is true or not. Social media: What are some of the negative effects of social media? See list below. Also, texting while driving, or biking, or walking! What bad effects can social media have on our society? What, if anything, can be done about these problems? Range of solutions – not just one (such as censorship or government laws). Cheng Yuen Ying: Spread of terrorism messages. “Terrorist organizations such as ISIS have huge followings on social media.” Kurtis: Cyberbullying; invasion of privacy (people give away too much information on social media); and people being cheated out of money Julianne: Fake news; mass distribution of false information. Nianci Lyu: False report about the queen’s death; also, plagiarism. Charlie: Decline in real-life communication. Journalists pursue stories that will get a lot of “likes” or “shares” (stories about celebrities or horrible crimes) instead of stories about serious public issues. Summer: Set rules, and require people to use their real names Julianne: Teach people not to believe everything they see on social media. Monitor online comments. Encourage people to be responsible and polite online. Social media platforms like Facebook should help screen out offensive or wrong information. Have other social media users report and discourage offensive behavior.