CHRISTIA TY TODAY

A PRESBYTERIAN JOURNAL DEVOTED TO STATING, DEFENDING III AND FURTHERING THE GOSPEL IN THE MODERN WORLD III SAMUEL G. CRAIG, Editor H. McALLISTER GRIFFITHS, Managing Editor Published monthly by THE PRESBYTERIAN AND MID.MAY, 1931 $1.00 A YEAR EVERYWHERE REFORMED PUBLISHING CO., Application pending entry as second· 501 Witherspoon Bldg., Phila., Pa. Vol. 2 No.1 class matter at the Phila., Pa., Post Office.

• What IS an Evangelical? HILIP SCHAFF'S great work, "The employed today. Hence the fact that men sacerdotalism of Rome, i.e., its inter­ PCreeds of Christendom," consists of wi th an kinds of beliefs, or lack of be­ position of the church with its priesthood, three large volumes-of which the first liefs, are designated "Evangelicals." If as a means of grace, between the soul and deals with the History of Creeds, the sec­ everybody that is called an Evangelical GOD. As a result, their primary affirma­ ond with the Greek and Latin Creeds, the today is really an Evangelical, then it tion was on the immediacy of the soul's third with the Evangelical Creeds. An means nothing to call a man an Evan­ relation to GOD. An Evangelical is, there­ examination of the second and third gelical. A word applied indiscriminately fore, first of all, one who holds that GOD volumes shows that the former deals with to everybody ends by designating nobody. sa ves men by acting immediately on their the creeds of the Greek and Roman Cath­ vYe would not' imply that the word "Evan­ souls not through the medium of the olic churches and the latter with the creeds gelical" has become a word without mean­ church and its ordinances established by of the Protestant churches, other than ing but it does seem to us that if it is to be Him for that purpose. We are not to those of the Unitarian type, that appeared saved from that fate-and it seems to us suppose, however, that a man is an Evan­ before the publication of the volumes in too good a word to be allowed to die­ gelical merely because he insists on the 1877. This means that the designation, there must be an insistence on the part immediacy of the soul's relation to GOD. "Evangelical," as employed by Dr. SCHAFF of many that the word be used in its If that were the .case Unitarians would was for the most part synonymous with proper historical meaning. have a perfectly good right to call them­ the designation, "Protestant." When we call ourselves "Evangelicals" sel yes "E vangelicals." It is im pera ti ve If now we keep in mind the fact that in the proper historical meaning of the to point out, therefore, that a man is not Dr. SCHAFF employed the word in its gen­ word we mean, first of all, that we are not an Evangelical in, the historical meaning er'ally accepted sense, we will not be Roman Catholics. The primary protest of the word unless he also affirms that the greatly at a loss to understand how it of LUTHER' and CALVIN was against the soul is dependent on GOD and on GOD alone has come about that the 'word as used to­ for salvation, that nothing that we are day seems to have no definite meaning. and nothing that we do enters iiltO the As long as the vast majority of the mem­ IN THIS ISSUE: ground of our salvation-that it is all of bers of the Protestant churches held to GOD, nothing of ourselves. The opposition what 'was common in that system of Is the Pulpit Forsetting God?...... 5 "Of the Evangelicals to the sacerdotalism Wm. Childs. Robinson thought and mode of life that found ex­ of Rome was not in thei.I?-terest of making 0, pression in the creeds of the Protestant Notes on Biblical Exposition...... 7 man his own saviour. Not at all. Rather churches - Lutheran, Reformed and J. Gresham Machen it was in the intere.st of directing men's Arminian-no great confusion resulted Birth Control in the Light of the Bible.. . 9 att.ention to JESUS CHRIST Himself as the from identifying the Evangelicals with J. H. Gauss one and only Saviour from the guilt and . the members of these churches. It has Books of Religious SigniRcance ...... 10 power of sin. The Evangelical is even come about, however, that an increasing more strongly opposed to any and all rep­ Questions and Answers ...... " 11 number of the members, and particularly resentations that makes man his own of the Ministers of these churches, do not "Freedom and Restraint" ...... 12·13 saviour than he is to the sacerdotalism of Neal L. Anderson hold to that system of thought and life. Cornelius Van Til Rome. An Evangelical is ever one in The word, however, still continues to be whose soul there echoes a hearty "amen" Letters to the Editor ...... " 15 used to designate the members 'of' these when he reads PAUL'S words: "For by churches. Hence the varied and confused Ministerial Changes ...... , .. " 17 grace are ye saved through faith; and that senses in which the word "evangelical" is News of the Church ...... 19 not of yourselves: it is the gift of GOD; 2 CHRISTIANITY TODAY May, 1931 not of works lest any man should boast." ship, but it seems to us only too clear that leaders, have been presented and adopted He alone is it true Evangelical, therefore, those who cloMimtte tl:e pollcy of this practically without discussion, with the re­ who makes the double confession (1) that organization are "evangelical" only in the sult that the rank and file of the com­ sahation is- oL GOD and not of man and serise that they are members of evangelical missioners-those who most truly repre­ (2) that GOD in saying men acts directly churches. No doubt they share the evan­ sent the Church-have played the part of upon their souls not through human in­ gelical's conviction relative to the im­ mere rubber stamps, approving the reC01l1- strumentalities that He has established mediacy of our relations with GOD, but mendations presented without any real for that purpose. their public utterances do not indicate knowledge of their merits or demerits. A It cannot be said too clearly or too fre­ that they share his sense of dependence method frequently adopted to get a pro­ quently that fundamentally there are but on GOD and GOD alone for their salvation. posal adopted is first to move that a cer­ two doctrines of salvation. According to It seems to US, therefoi"e, that this organi­ tain fixed period be set aside for its con­ the one, man saves himself; according to zation misrepresents rather than repre­ sideration. Then the chairman of the the other GOD saves him. The Romanist sents the true "Evangelicals" of these committee that makes the proposal is al­ as well as the Evangelical holds the second churches. As a result we would like to lowed to present the' matter with no time of these doctrines. Both gi~e the same see the Pl:esbyterian churches sever their limit fixed. It is not unknown for the answer to the question, Does man save connection with it. chairman to use half, or more than half, himself or does GOD save him? Theil' of the allotted time, after which some one difference does not appeal' until we con­ moves that discussion from the floor be sider the question, Does GOD save men by The Rights and Duties of limited to five 01' ten minute speeches­ acting directly on their souls or through as though it were possible to say anything the medium of the church and its ordi­ Cpmmissioners adequate on an involved subject in so nances? In stressing the Evangelical's HE Commission which each COIll­ short a time. We have seen matters of opposition to the positing of any inter­ T missioner mtlst produce from his (or grave significance adopted with practically mediaries between the sonl and GOD, let her) presbytery before he can be enrolled no discussion and with most of the com­ us not forget his even profounder opposi­ as a member of a General Assembly of the missioners obviously ignorant of their tion to that doctrine of salvation that Presbyterian Church distinctly specifies significance. Instances are not even lack­ makes man his own saviour. There his rights and duties, to wit: "'1'0 consult, ing where commissioners who exercised is nothing against which the true Evan­ vote, and determine, on all things that their unquestioned right to discuss matters gelical sets himself more firmly than the may come before tl>at. botly, according to before the Assembly have been treated as doctrine . that man saves himself. He re­ the principles and constitution of this those who were wasting the time of the gards that as the most fatal of all heresi~s. Church and the W01'(1 of GOD."" This Assemuly or even as disturbers of the This is why he realizes that he has less means that it is not only a privilege but peace and unity of the Church. in common with most Modernists than he a solemn responsibility to be a commis­ We hope that the cOlllmissioners to the has with Roman Catholics. rYe need not sioner to a General Assenlbly. It is ob­ 1431'd General Assembly will insist on forget that the Homan Catholic agrees vious that only an informed commissioner their rights and perform their duties as with the Evangelical as over against can properly discharge his responsibility. indicated in their Commissions. What is Unitarians, Modernists.. and all such like This means not only that he should read the use of having a General Assembly ill maintaining that salvation is from GOD the "Blue Book" with care, but that what­ unless this is done? This lllay require and that this salvation was wrought by the ever question may come before the As­ some of the secretaries, executives, "dis­ GOD-:MAN through His sacrificial death. sembly (whether dealt with in the "Blue tinguished guests and fraternal delegates," The limits of our space forbid us to deal Book" or not) he should at least insist on and others, to shorten their speeches, but with the presuppositions and implications sufficient information and discussion to we are sure it would further the well-being of the evangelical doctrine of salvation; enable him to "vote and determine" all of the Church. These speeches will SOOll but obviously they include such doctrines things according to the principles set be forgotten but the decisions reached by as the sinner's inability ~o save himself, forth in the Constitution of the Presby­ the commissioners to the next Assembly the deity and atoning death of CHRIST, terian Church and the Word of GOD. may profoundly affect the future of-the justification by faith alone, and the work We mention this matter becaus~ the Presbyterian Chlll'ch for years to come. of the Holy Spirit in the conversion and clisposi tion to discourage open discussion sanctification of the sinner. has been one of the outstanding character­ Special significance attaches to the ques­ istics of some recent Assemblies. We are The Moderator tion, What is an Evangelical?, by reason confident that many Ministers and elders of the fact that the Federal Council of have gone to former Assemblies supposing VERY commissioner to the 143rd the Churches of Christ in America they had some important function to per­ E General Assembly is a potential claims to represent the common interests form, only to find. that they were expected Motlerator of that body. We do not meau of the evangelical churches that constitute to sign on the dotted line, as it were, the to imply that every commissioner is its membership. It is true that only those recommendations of the "plaHorm." Con­ equally competent to occupy that chair or churches that have evangelical creeds, 01' clusions arrived at in small committees, equally deserving of that honor; but we their equivalents, are eligible to member- or in small conferences· of so-called are confident that the commissioners will May, 1931 CHRISTIANITY TODAY 3

include a large number of men capable Clerk. If after Dr. MUDGE retires from attention in the next Assembly. The De­ and worthy of occnpying that position. the office of Stated Clerk the Presbyterian partment of Church Cooperation and Dr. LEWIS S. MUDGE, the present Church wishes to honor him by electing Union reports in effect that it has been Stated Cle:rk_oLthe General Assembly, has him as Moderator, well and good. But it unable to obey the instructions of the last heen mentioned for the position. This does not seem to us that he, or any other Assembly to report "a complete plan for has been done not only by individuals but man, should be elected to fill both posi­ organic union" with any such churches by three presbyteries. All will admit Dr. tions at the same time. (obviously because other churches have l\IUDGE'S ability as a presiding officer not In our judgment the Moderator of the. been slow to cooperate) and merely asks only by reason of his unsurpassed knowl­ next Assembly should be taken from the that it be "authorized and. required" to edge of Presbyterian law and procedure pastorate and preferably he should be a join with the Committees of oth~r hut by reason of his gracious personality. pastor who is not a member of any of the churches in "holding at some convenient Whether the majority of the commis­ Boards or Agencies of the Church. Re­ place a conference sufficiently prolonged sioners will fa VOl' his candidacy will cent Moderators have been able men but to draft a Basis of Organic Union com­ largely hinge, it seems to us, on the ques­ almost without exception they have re­ plete in all its details" to be submitted to tion whether they)ook with approval on flected what may be called the "official" the supreme judicatories of the churches the tendencies that have been most in attitude of the Church rather than that of concerned in 1932. evidence in the Presbyterian Church in its rank and file. Quite apart from the The report o~ the Federal Council of recent years. Dr. MUDGE has, perhaps, question whether the next Nroderator is a Churches, and matters related thereto, been more influential than any other man "conservative" or a "liberal" or ,a "middle­ promises to be of special interest by reason in furthering those tendencies. He epit­ of-the-roader" we think it would prove of the fact that the Presbytery of Denver omizes them in himself to a degree that wholesome to elect a Moderator whose is sending up an Overture to the Assembly is probably not true of any other. We do viewpoint is that of the working pastor. asking that the Presbyterian Church sever not have the happiness to favor those its connection with this organization. It tendencies and so do not favor him as the is not unlikely, therefore, that this will be :Moderator of the next General Assembly. The ApproachiogAssembly: a subject that will sharply divide the As­ I t is our hope, therefore, that some one sembly. We hope the Overture will be who looks with less complacency on things Its Problems adopted. The claim of the Federal as they are in the Presbyterian Church HE most important matters -to be Council that it "stands for the great com­ will not only be nominated but elected as T brought before the aptJroaching As­ mon interest of the evangelical churches" the Moderator of the next General As­ sembly, as far as they have been indicated, (Blue Book, p. 74:) has, in our judgment, sembly. are: (1) The report of the Department no real basis in fact. The evidence ad­ Wholly apart from the things for which of Church Cooperation and Union relative dnced in the report, viz., the religious . Dr. MUDGE stands, there is another con­ to the organic union of the Presbyterian messages it sends over the radio from sideration w14ich ought, it seems to us, to and Reformed churches; (2) The report of week to week proves, it seems to us, the militate against his candidacy for the the Federal Council of Churches of exact opposite of what it is adduced to Moderatorship, viz., the fact that he is Christ in America together with the prove. lUost of these messages are de­ Stated Clerk of the General Assembly. recommendation of the General Council livered by HARRY E:I

[We consider ourselves exceedingly fortunate to be. ab!e to publish this a~resting and powerful analysis of present- day tendencies. It is the substance of an address delIvered by Dr. Robinson before the F~culty and .Stude.nts 0 f Westminster Seminary on April 14. The first part only is included here. The second part will be publIshed In our next issue.]

HIS question was first focused by a ranged (probably unwittingly) to play economics and in its inclusiveness forgets T representative gathering of Southern into the hands of contemporary human­ GOD. Presbyterian ministers and officers ism. For humanists demand either the Why Not Include Communists? (March 20, 1931) . The agenda sheet reformation of the existing church along If we are to. include the Jews and proposed that the speakers assume the humanist lines or the abolition of any H.umanists in our "religious" associations, Gospel in its orthodox form and devote specific institution; and either the reten­ by what logic can we object to the Bolshev­ themselYes to a discussion of the real tion of the word GOD as merely a symbol ists? On every hand it is being said that questions facing the Church today, i.e., of man's highest social aspirations, or the they have a fervid "religious" enthusiasm prohibition, capitalism, race, world peace, abandonment of the term. for the worker's cause. They are devoted and church union. While such a plat­ W. A. BROWN, Pathways to Ce1"iainty, to the betterment of humanity-at least form may be very proper for a week eve­ p. 16, d. citations there giveh. the proletariat section of humanity. In­ ning discussion, it is my observation and deed, we do find the Interseminarian conviction that this statement is sympto­ A Rabbi at the Religious Education (p. 5) recognizing that Communism, while matic of the thinking of a large section of Association atheistic, has "high and worthy ideals." the American pulpit.. Let us assume the Tomorrow (Ap~il 15) the Religious vVhile Religion recognizes the injustice of . gospel-in some places in its orthodox, Education Association, meeting in the the economic order and yet tolerates the in others in its Ritschlian form-and let Central Congregational Church in Atlanta, status quo, Communism is uncompromis­ us be busy making over the world. is to discuss the theme, "religious issues ing in its efforts to establish the ideal The same question was focused a week in our econoinic crisis." The program society. Religion recognizes the family; later by the Southern Interseminary Con­ says: "The essential thing needed is a Communism opposes the family as selfish; 'ference at Emory Ulliversity (March 26- frank and persistent search for and anal­ and Communism encourages women to 27, 1931). The chief subjects discussed ysis of the facts regarding the workings develop the capacities and qualities which at this conference were capitalism and of our present economic philosophy to see they have. DOUGLAS VERNON'S write-up race relations. The January Intersemi­ in how far these facts make or break us of Oommunism VeI'sus Theis11L in the nari(l-n underscores the practical content as human beings." The conspicuous place .T anuary I ntM'seminarian seems to evalu­ of conversion-personal adjustments, in the program given to Jewish rabbis ate the social view of Communism more political operation, commercial and in­ certainly relegates the Deity of our LORD highly than the corresponding stand of dustrial conduct, race relations, inter­ to the position of a doctrine non-essential Religion, and passes by the fact that Com­ national relations. It declares: "Noth­ to a "religious" association. In fact, munism is atheistic as though that were ing less than a united church will be equal religion itself does not seem to be neces­ a matter of small moment. to the tremendous task we face" (p. 3). sary for membership in the "Religious Some years ago one of our leading Education Association." Representatives United States officials declared that God Ignored of universities, social and business institu­ American religion was emphasizing the tions, unite with "Jewish, Catholic, Prot­ second table of the law to the neglect of The major planks, then, in the plat­ estant Churches" in the "Twenty-Eighth the first table. Since that time, in order forms of these two gatherings were identi­ Annual Convention of the Religious Edu­ to make the world safe for democracy, we cal. And the only plank in either platform cation Association." The president of the mustered a great army. And now we which brought GOD in was the plank on Association, Dr. WILLI-HI ADA~IS BROWN, hear Humanism's cry, "Heaven as ,,'ell Church Unity. And here GOD is only favors admitting humanists (men who do as earth must be made safe for democ­ brought in to be asked out as unessential. not believe in GOD) to Christian commun­ racy I" When Professor W. H. HOR­ Church unity is to be brought about by ion (Introduction to HORTON'S Theism TON tells us that most of the time crashing the creeds. The first article in and the Modern Mood). We may be sure men trust in these little intimate, the creed is GOD. The Church is to be so he will offer no objection to their frater­ irienilly, .humanistic.gods, you-might concerned with human contacts and re­ nizing with Presbyterians in the meeting think he was describing popular Chinese lationships that, when our doctrines of tomorrow. I am ready to nttend R meet­ polytheism or Japanese Shintoism, in­ GOD intervene, we are to banish those ing of economists, re.c;ardlpf's of their stead of the faith of the American intelli­ doctrines. GOD doesn't matter I theology; but I cannot endorse a 1'eli,gious gentsia (The Ch7'istian Centtlry, March And so these two programs were ar- associati-on which in its ahsorption with 18, 1931). May, 1931 CHRISTIANITY TODAY 5

Dr. Fosdick's "Non-theological worth per 8e is the illusion of humanism. standing of life already formed; that is, Religion" I would almost say that the supreme with a definite theology. How can men But more subtle and more dangerous is worth of human life is best represented approach these questions with a definite the repeaterrdeclaration of Dr. HARRY by man worshipping" (OBERLIN Lecture theology if the pulpit forgets GOD? When EMERSON FOSDICK that he is not preach­ on The Inherent Valtte of Religion). you rob theology of its theos, you rob life ing a theological religion, he is preaching Your own Dr. MACHEN has pointed out of its meaning. a psychological religion. And the great that it takes Christianity to save men When even a Jewish rabbi recognizes American radio public is sipping this from the present mechanistic world view that the first role of religion is to pro­ psychological religion every Sunday after­ (Forum, March 1931). Caught in the claim the burden of the LoRD (Rabbi noon. As you all know, there are "fifty­ vise of scientific environmentalism, men SILYER in Religion in a Ohanging World), seven varieties" of psychology. Probably need as never before a vision of GOD in it is particularly fatal for the Reformed there is only one thing in which these con­ His Majesty. The only refuge from blind pulpit to forget GOD. Some one has re­ flicting psychologies agree-every one of fatalism is to posit the sovereignty of man marked: "Just as the Methodist places in them is a study of man. It may be a study on the royal sovereignty of GOD. Focus the foreground the idea of the salvation of of man's soul or it may be a study of his your eyes with Hu SHIH, the neo-Con­ sinners; the Baptist, the mystery of re­ behavior. It may be the stream of his fucian modernist, on the Naturalistic generation; the Lutheran, justification by consciousness, the stream of his muscular Conception of Life and the Universe, and faith; the Moravian, the wounds of a:ctions, the release of his libido, or only you become a causal automanton; you dis­ CHRIST; the Greek Catholic, the mysti­ the study of "the lyric note" in the midst miss love as quaint biological lore, and cism of the Holy Spirit; and the Roman­ of business. In any event it is a study of call only describe your "beloved" in terms ist, the catholicity of the church; so the man. And therefore a psychological of angles and rhombs (Hu SHIH in Calvinist is always placing in the forefront religion must be a humanistic religion, Forum, February 1931, p. 121. Cf. OTTO the thought of GOD" (M. W. PRESSLY, it must be anthropomorphic and anthropo­ -Things and Ideals. W. LIPPMAN­ Oalvinism and Science, quoted by MEETER, centric. Preface to 1I10rals). Dr. W. P. PATER­ The Fundamental Principles of Oalvin­ Too oiten the exposition of Scripture SON of Edinburgh recently remarked that ism, p. 27). As Calvinists our prophetic 'drivels down into a frantic effort to de­ the preaching of GOD in His objective mission is to keep the GOD-concept at the code the text into the latest phrases of reality produced the great religious ex­ heart of religion. Weare called to preach psychology and philosophy; and a clutch­ peri.ences; while the mere preaching of GOD. It is as we fulfill our calling, as ing after human or social values by forced religious experience has been impotent to we help men to catch the' vision of the exegesis, eisegesis, and "sanctified imag­ l:eproduce worth-while Christian experi­ King in His beauty, that we will be to ination." That GOD'S self-revelation is ence. them an effectual blessing, spiritually and socially. the chief purpose of the text seems to be Pulpits That Speak Only For Man alien to the thought of the expositor. The Neither will the pulpit fulfill its call center of gravity in public prayer is on to serve greatly in the social maelstrom The Calvinist's Vision of God earth, in sharp differentiation from the by forgetting GOD. When the pulpit com­ Just here, perhaps, some Presbyte'rians LORD'S Prayer, of which the center of mits itself to the support and upbuilding have a lesson to learn from the "unhypen­ gravity is clearly in heaven. The re-read­ of labor organizations under the impres­ ated Calvinism" of Holland, with its ing of B. M. PALMER'S Theology of sion that "the entire Church stands com­ emphasis on Common Grace. "The Cal­ Prayer would be a tremendous help in mitted to the principles of collective vinist is the man who has caught a vision reviving true worship. bargaining" (Interseminarian, p. 4, and of GOD in His majesty, one who sees the speech of Mr. TAMBLYN at Emory Uni­ controlling and guiding hand of GOD Whose Kingdom? versity, Thursday, March 26, 1931), it everywhere." "It is GOD in the exercise of Thus we see that there are two great makes itself ex parte. No more is it re­ His sovereign rights in all spheres and in notes in American religious thought, "the garded as unprejudiced, unbiased. No all relationships as it relates to His love social gospel" and "a psychological reli­ longer can it bring the Divine Absolute to and grace, His control of human destinies, gion"-the group and the individual. bear on the relativities of man. the control of nature and its laws; it is Synthetize the two and bring you in the EMIL BRUNNER, The Theology of GOD in this exercise of His sovereign Kingdom! That is approximately what Orisis, has ably summarized the situation: rights which lies at the bottom of the a great deal of glib talk about "the King­ "It is supremely right for mankind to Calvinist's thinking." "Everywhere the dom," "the Kingdom," "the Kingdom" make its stand against tuberculosis, Calvinist is conscious of the fact that he comes to. Just one question obtrudes syphilis and alcohol, against imperialism is treading on his Heavenly Father's soil, itself: whose Kingdom? Surely such a and the spirit of acquisitiveness. These in the realm of science and art, in politics, Kingdom is the Kingdom of man; it is :/b.onsters must be met-and in that battle in business, in social life, no less than in not the Kingdom of GOD. Has the Ameri­ what man may hope to be a spectator? the realm of particular grace. Everywhere can pulpit forgotten GOD? . . . . But in order to see these practical in all departments of life he is treading A religion that forgets GOD will not questions and grasp them in a definite on holy ground and his duty carries him long bless man. Professor HOCKING dis­ way, men must approach them with a everywhere" (MEETER, pp. 67, 72, 81). cerns "that human life is of supreme st,andard of judgment, with an under- Every life is a plan of GOD, and every 6 CHRISTIANITY TODAY May, 1931 , man is called to observe the law of CHRIST sonal and social existence in it." (The adicle in the creed is: "I believe in GOD in his vocation. Are men blinded by the Reformed Theology as ::t GU{//I'd-ian of lhe the Father Almighty, maker of heaven pessimism of business depression? Preach, Pure Gospe.l, January 1931 Erangelical and earth." This primary word in early '''rile- L0~..DI'eignethj let-theeal'th l'e­ Q~La1·terly. ) Christian preaching was also the question joice." Is man inhuman to man? Preach, In centering on the GOD-concept the to be first raised and to be nobly answered "The LORD reigneth; let the people Reformed Faith is just upholding Bible by that great line of Christian thinkers tremj)le, for the LORD our GOD is holy." Christianity. GOD is the theme of the stretching from JUSTIN MARTYR to GOD is King of every life and of all of life. Bible. Bible preaching is preaching GOD. AUGUSTINE of Hippo. Concerning this Professor T. F. CARL MULLER also rec­ The Scriptures "Principally teach what significant fact perhaps mother Britain ognizes the outward call of the Reformed man is to believe concerning GOD." Would has a word for America. An Oxford Theology; but he is sure that "the out­ GOD that the pulpit were following the manifesto affirms "that the doctrine of standing interest (in the Reformed Book! GOD declines to be made secondary GOD is the primary doctrine, and the Faith) is centered in religion, not in to man. "Thou shalt have no other gods Church was right to lay stress upon it." morality; on the Beyond, not on the here; before me." The first and the greatest (Introduction to Oxford Essays on the on GOD Himself, not on the world first, commandment is: "Thou shalt love the Trinity and the I nCCtrnation.) with GOD as a subsidiary help to our per- LORD thy GOD with all . . ." The (i'fst (Concluded in our next issue) Notes on Biblical Exposition By J. Gresham Mac::hen/ D.D./ Litt.D. Professor of New Testament in Westminster Theological Seminary v. THE GOSPEL OF CHRIST HI marvel that you are so quickly turn­ majestic call at the beginning of their ing observation that "orthodoxy is my ing from Him who called you in the grace Christian life which had been made pos­ doxy, and heterodoxy is the other man's of Ch1-ist, unto a different gospel, which is sible only by the gracious gift which doxy," is seen to illustrate rather clearly not another-only, there ctre some who are CHRIST had made for them on the cross; the principle that a little learning is a d·isturbing yO~t and are wishing to subvert yet now they are turning away from such uangerous thing. As a matter of fact, the gospel of Christ." (Gal. 1 :6, 7, in a a call and despising such grace. No won­ orthos means "straight" and "orthodoxy" litem I translation.) der that the Apostle marvels at a perver­ means "straight doxy;" whereas hetero­ sity so great! doxy means a doxy that is different from Another Gospel Which Is Not Another The thing to which they are turning straight doxy-in other words, it means N the last number of CHRISTIANITY away so quickly is designated as "another "crooked doxy!" I TODAY, we pointed out the strange. gospel, which is not another." But in the We trust that the readers will pardon absence, in the Epistle to the GALATIANS, Greek two different words are used here this slight digression and will now return of the usual thanksgiving for the Chris­ for "another." The word which is used with us to the matter in hand. PAUL says tian state of the readers. There was noth­ in the former place is heteros; the word that the GALATIANS are turning unto a ing to be thankful for in the news which which is used in the latter place is allos. different gospel, but that that different PAUL had received from the Galatian The former word, heteros, often, though gospel is not really a second gospel to be churches, and PAUL had not the slightest not always, has in it the notion of differ­ put alongside of the gospel already intention of expressing a thankfulness ence in kind between one thing and preached, as though it could be a com­ which was not justified by the facts. another. Thus it is said in the Gospel panion with it in a series. "No," says The news which had come from the according to LUKE, in connection with the PAUL, "it is not really a gospel at all; churches was bad and only bad, and the transfiguration, that "the fashion of His there is only one gospel, and that is the Apostle plunges at once into his treatment countenance became other." Here the gospel already preached to you. This of it. "I marvel," he says, "that ye are word heteros is used for "other," and the other teaching, though it purports to be a so quickly turning away, from Him who plain implication is that the fashion of gospel, is not really a gospel at all. It is called you in the grace of CHRIST, to His countenance was different from what not really another gospel, but only a per­ another gospel, which is not another­ it had been before. version of the one true gospel." only, there are certain men who are The other word, alios, on the other hand, troubling you and are wishing to subvert designates merely numerical distinctness Christ's Gospel Or the Gospel About the gospel of CHRIST." of one thing from another. If I give a Christ? The Person whom PAUL means when he man an apple, and he asks me whether I The one true gospel is "the gospel of speaks of Him from whom the GALATIANS have "another," the word that he will CHRIST." What does PAUL mean when are turning away is of course GOD the naturally use is not heteros but allos. he designates it so? In what sense is it FATHER. GOD had called them by that In view of this distinction, the scoff­ to be called a gospel "of CHRIST?" / May, 1931 CHRISTIANITY TODAY 7

That que~tion is closely connected with It has been kliowli Ior a hundl'ed yeaTS pl'eachecl when He was on earth? Far anothel' question, the question what we 01' so, if not even faT longer than that. It from it. For the gospel which He preached mean today when we speak of the gospel raises l'ather clearly the very gl'eatest of was also a gospel about Him; He put His of CHRIST. Upon this lattel' question all questions, and it ought to be dealt OWll person and work into the centre of thel'e depends the whole vast question as with in the most careful possible way. the gospel that He proclaimed. to the huth 01' falsehood of the Chl'istian Ought we to yield to the demand of He could not, indeed, proclaim that religion. modern "Liberal" pl'eachers that we gospel fully when he was Oll earth. He The English phrase, "the gospel of should abandon the gospel about CIntIST had come into this wodd to redeem men CHRIST," with the corresponding phrase in and have recourse, in distinction from by His death and resurrection, and the Greek, may mean at least two things. In that, to the gospel which CHRIST recounting of that great event was to con­ the first place it may mean "the gospel pl'eached? stitute the gospel by which He was to which CHRIST pl'eached," and in the Which Gospel Exalts Christ More? be presented as the Saviour of mell. The second place it may mean "the gospel meaning of the great event could not be which sets CHRIST forth," "the gospel Before we answer that question, we set forth in all its fulness until the event about CHRIST." In the English language, ought at any rate to clear up one strange had taken place. Much, therefore, was each of these two uses of the word "of" is misconception-the strange misconcep­ left to the teaching of the Holy Spirit perfectly well established, and so is each tion, namely, that represents "CHRIST'S through the Apostles. A gospel that of these two uses of the genitive case in gospel," in this modern sense, as bring­ neglects the Epistles of PAUL and holds Greek. ing us nearer to CHRIST or as giving only to the teaching of our LORD on earth CHRIST a greater place in our lives than Thus when we speak in English of "the is not really loyal to CHRIST; nay, it is "the gospel about CHRIST" which is being gospel of PAUL," we are using the word profoundly disloyal to Him, and it im­ abandoned. As a matter of fact, "CHRIST'S "of" plainly in the former of the two poverishes woefully and sinfully our gospel," so understood, puts CHRIST in a senses; we mean not at all a gospel about knowledge of His teaching and His per­ very small place in our lives and makes PAUL or a gospel which proclaims PAUL, son and His work. him very remote from us. If the gospel but a gospel which PAUL proclaimed. On N evedheless, our LORD did proclaim to which we hold is merely the gospel the other hand, when we speak, for ex­ the gospel about Himself even when He which CHRIST preached nineteen hundred ample, of "the go·spel of the cross," we are was on earth. He did put His own per­ years ago, then our relation to CHRIST is using the word "of" just as plainly in the son into His gospel. not different in kind from our relation to latter sense; we mean not a gospel which many other great teachers. We can speak That fact has often been denied in the cross proclaims, but a gospel which in that sense of ,"a gospel of PAUL" or "a modern times. The denial of it lies at the proclaims the cross. gospel of SPURGEON" or "a gospel of D. root of the reconstruction called "the But how is it when we speak of "the L. MOODY." But it would be blasphemous Liberal JESUS" in its typical forms. The gospel of CHRIST?" Do we mean "the to hold to a gospel about PAUL or a gospel real JESUS, according to that reconstruc­ gospel which CHRIST proclaimed" 01' "the about SPURGEON or a gospel about D. L. tion, did not present a doctrine of His gospel which proclaims CHRIST;" 610 we MOODY. That would put mere human own person; neither did He have the mean "CHRIST'S gospel" or "the gospel teachers in a position that belongs only to slightest notion of a redeeming signifi­ about CHRIST?" cance of His approaching death; but He CT:IRIST~ Others may proclaim a gospel, According to the Modernist tendency but CHRIST alone is the substance or con­ proclaimed with wonderful simplicity the now so largely dominant in the Church, tent of the gospel. fatherhood of GOD and the brotherhood of we mean, or at least ought to mean, the How remote, too, CHRIST is made from man, and we are His tnle disciples when former and not the lattel'. We ought, it us by this modern rejection of the gospel we cease disputing about His place in the is said, to think of the gospel as being the about CHRIST in the supposed intel'ests of a scale of being and hearken to His simple gospel which CHRIST pTe ached, not the gospel which CHRIST preached! It is amaz­ message. gospel which sets CHRIST forth; a message ing that men can be so blind as not to see of which CHRIST was the great exponent, that the blessed "ddctrine" J of the eighth The Jesus of the Gospels not a doctrine of His pel'son or of His chapter of Romans, far from putting a To reconstruct JESUS in this way, it is work. We ought, in other words, it is barrier between us and JESUS, really is of course necessary to reject much that said, to return from this gospel about the only thing that can unite us to JESUS. the Gospels contain. The gospel of JOHN CHRIST and have recourse to CHRIST'S He died nineteen hundred years ago. How has to be eliminated at the start, since own gospel; we ought to abandon the may we hold fellowship with him today? throughout that Gospel JESUS is repre­ theological subtleties of atonement, re­ It is this much despised "theology" which sented as making His own person and the demption and the like, and have recourse alone can tell us how-this theology that nature of His· redeeming work the express to the simple message that was proclaimed sets forth the meaning of His death and subject of His teaching. If the Gospel of by JESUS of NAZARETH· on the shores of the fact of His glorious resurrection. JOHN is true, then JESUS most emphati­ the sea of Galilee nineteen hundred years cally did put His own person into His ago. The Gospel That Christ Preached gospel, and the "Liberal" reconstruction That formula~ion of the great issue in In holding to this gospel about CHRIST, is wrong. the Church is by no means altogether new. are we rejecting the gospel which He But el"en after the Fourth Gospel has 8 CHRISTIANITY TODAY May; 1931 been eliminated, much still remains to book sadly mistaken and unduly conces­ JESUS as a mere means to an encl, a mere be done. In the Synoptic Gospels also, sive in some ways)' correctly insisted, means that He adopted almost against JESUS is represented as putting His own JESUS is represented, even in the earliest His will. But such palliative treatment per!f6n iht6--His gospel; and hence by a sources which have been reconstructed, evidently did not go to the root of the mere appeal from JOHN to the Synoptic rightly or wrongly, by modern criticism, matter. It remained true that the claim Gospels the simple teacher of the father­ as offering Himself not merely as an ex­ of Messiahship was totally out of char­ hood of GOD and the brotherhood of man ample for faith but as the object of faith. acter if JESUS was the kind of teacher that is not yet found. He can be found, there~ He did, in other words, even according to the Liberal historians represented Him as fore, if at ail, not by taking as they stand the earliest sources or supposed sources, being. Yet that claim was rooted too the utterances attributed to JESUS even put His own person into His gTospel; deep in the sources for it to be removed in the Synoptic Gospels, but by regarding His gospel, even according to the earliest save by a few extremists. some of those utterances as authentic and sources, was a gospel about Him. Thus it is not surprising to find in our by rejecting the rest. Thus if we are to discover a gospel of day evidences that the whole imposing re­ JESUS which was not also a gospel about construction of "the Liberal JESUS" is The Jesus of the Supposed "Sources" JESUS, we must certainly go back of the destined soon to fall to the ground; If How can the choice be made? Con­ earliest written sources of information JESUS waB not the divine Redeemer whoni ceivably it might be made by the dis­ which, rightly or wrongly, have been dis­ the Gospels represent Him as being-and· covery of earlier sources underlying our covered by modern criticism; we must of course according to the current natural­ Synoptic Gospels. Possibly, it might be suppose that, in a period of oral tradition ism He could not have been that-then it said, the unauthentic elements in the prior to those earliest written sources, the is increasingly being admitted that we teaching attributed to JESUS have been information about JESUS became con­ can never determine just exactly what introduced by the authors of our Gospels, taminated and thus the JESUS who really He was. whereas if we could only reconstruct the lived in Palestine, a pure. and simple Sixty or seventy years ago, when "the· sources that they used we should find that teacher of the fatherhood of GOD and the Liberal JEsuS" was first constructed on JESus was really such a one as we modern brotherhood of man, came falsely to be the basis of the Gospel of MARK (or a men desire. presented as one who attributed to Him­ supposed earlier form of MARK) and of As a matter of fact, however, this self superhuman functions as the Re­ the supposed source later called Q, there method of reconstruction has been found deemer of mankind. was vast enthusiasm. Scientific history, to fail. The two chief sources supposed, it was supposed, had had a beneficent rightly or wrongly, to underlie our "The Liberal Jesus" result. At first, indeed, it was admitted, it had given many persons pain; it hail Gospels of MATTHEW and LUKE are ( 1 ) But how are we to separate what is true removed from the pages of history many MARK and (2) a source commonly called from what is false in an oral tradition things about JESUS that the Church had Q, which is supposed to contain chiefly now preserved for us only in written held dear. But in removing things that sayings, as distinguished from deeds, of sources already vitiated by a false view of were jalse or uncertain, it had, men were JESUS. And in both of these supposed JESUS' person? Surely the process of told, established with all the greater firm­ sources the undesired element appears in separation must be very difficult. And ness the things that remained. For the the teaching which JESUS is represented when it has been completed, what sort of first time, it. was thought, "the life of as carrying on; in both of these sources JESUS remains? Is the JESUS who re­ CHRIST" was put upon a firm scientific JESUS is represented as holding a lofty mains even then exactly the sort of JESUS basis; the assured results of modern view of His own person. The well-known that the "Liberal" historians desire? utterance of JESUS in Matt. 11 :27, begin­ criticism of the gospels could at last, it ning, "All things have been delivered unto At one point even the Liberal historians was supposed, be summed up, and on the me of My Father," appears in practically (or most of them) admitted that He is basis of these assured results the real the same form in Luke 10 :22, and so not. Even their reconstructed JESUS, JESUS could be presented to the Church. must be thought to have stood in the they had to admit, thought that He was the Messiah; and His Messianic con­ That real JESUS lacked, indeed, many supposed source, Q. Yet this utterance things that had hitherto been found in the presents the same lofty view of our sciousness introduced a totally discordant element into their picture of Him. Their JESUS of Christian faith. Gone were His LORD'S person as that which is presented stupendous "metaphysical" attributes­ in the Gospel according to JOHN. simple preacher of the fatherhood of GOD did after all claim a stupendous dignity His preexistence, His omnipotence, His Even m?re impressive than such indi­ for Himself. What becomes then of their omniscience, His Trinitarian oneness with vidual utterances is the entire tenor of fundamental thesis? Even their recon­ GOD. Gone were His miracles, His re­ the two supposed sources. Neither MARK structed JESUS was not exactly the kind deeming death, His resurrection from the nor the supposed Q really presents a of person whom they desired to find. tomb, His final judgment of the world. JESUS who was a mere preacher-of the But to balance th~e losses, it was thought, fatherhood of GOD and the brotherhood of They did, indeed, try to minimize the how much had been gained! The true man; both of them present a JESUS who importance of JESUS' claims; they rep­ humanity of JESUS at last had been redis­ offered Himself not merely as teacher but resented the claim of Messiahship by covered. JESUS at last ood been brought as Saviour. As JA~1ES DENNEY (in a 1 Denney, Jesus ana the Gospel, 1909. near to us: He was no longer a pale May, 1931 CHRISTIANITY TODAY 9

metaphysical abstraction, but had become really was-this remains hidden from like all that we know of the fancies of the a linng person of flesh and blood; He had our eye>r. early Christian Church; it is irreducibly become a true example and teacher and original; it is amazingly vivid and con­ guide>- J\tJ'ue leader into a larger and The Real Jesus crete. more glorious life. Let the Church for­ Against such skepticism must be placed Yet about one thing modern skepticism get its dry theology, it was urged; let it at least one solid fact. It is the stupen­ is unquestionably correct. The Gospel take JESUS as its leader and go forth to dous picture of JESUS which the Gospels picture of JESus is suffused with the . more glorious conquests than it had ever contain. That picture presents unmis­ supernatural throughout. It is not the seen before! takable marks of truth. It is totally un- (Concluded on page 11) Such, in essentials, was the program of the Liberal historians. That program had a great vogue in the modern Church. The reconstruction of the Liberal JESUS a p­ Birth Control in the Light of, the Bible peared in all essentials in H. J. HOLTZ­ By the Rev. J. H. Gauss, D.O. MANN'S book on the Synoptic Gospels in 1863; it was repeated in many learned Dean, Brookes Bible Institute, St. Louis, Mo. and many popular treatises; it was raised to the highest pitch of popular enthusiasm HE reports of a committee ap­ children, guide the house, give none occa­ by HARNACK'S What Is Ohristianity'? in T pointed by the Federation of sion to the adversary to reproach;" I Cor. 1900. Churches on Birth-Control have been 7' :14, declares GOD'S special interest in a made public. Christian's children; Eph. 6 :4, commands Undoubtedly thousands of right-think­ fathers to bring them up for GOD, Mark The Fall of "The liberal Jesus" ing people are sadly perplexed, and some 10 :14, records the Savior of our race But today the vogue of "thA Liberal justly indignant at the Majority report welcoming children to His blessing and JESUS" has entered upon a sad decline. approving the use of "contraceptives" in a large place in the Kingdom of GOD.­ Scholars who, like the older Liberal marital relations; also undoubtedly other Most truly did the heathen women say to historians, reject the supernatural in the thousands will be encouraged to resort to the Christian missionary, "Yours is a GOD Gospels are no longer at all clear about the use of such means to indulge se=al that cares for little children." the "assured results" of modern critisism lust without marriage, or, if married, GOD instituted marriage-and that for on the positive side. All our sources of without incurring the care of children. birth of children-and that according to information, it is seen with increasing The Majority report refers to the the physical laws He had created in man; clearness, are imbued with a supernatural­ Church and the Bible as "silent upon the true, not as a means for gratifying selfish istic view of JESUS' person; all of them subject," and intimates that such silence passion resulting in births too frequent represent him as offering Himself to men gives consent, or at least does not forbid. for healt.h of mother or child; yet not not as a mere prophet or teacher, but as Its reference to the Bible is quite mis­ avoiding such births by use of "contracep­ a Saviour. How, then, can the historian leading, though doubtless unintention­ tives" to prevent them. ever hope to discover the real JESUS be­ ally so. The Bible is not as silent as the Birth-denial is not birth-control, but neath these gaudy colors of the super­ report implies: • sinful, selfish. refusal to fulfill GOD'S pur­ natural that have so hopelessly defaced Read Gen. 1 :26, "multiply," and again pose in marriage. His portrait? In the attempt to answer after the Flood, Gen. 9 :1, "multiply;" I True Birth-control, or Abstinence is that question, modern scholars are falling Chron. 4 :27, JUDAH'S superiority to GOD-fearing, marital self-control, as we more and more into despair. Gone is the SIMEON, SIMEON'S tribal family did not are taught in I Cor. 7 :5. almost lyrical enthusiasm with which "multiply;" Ps. 127 :3-5, many children a HOLTZMANN in 1863 set forth the purely matter for congratulation as an expres­ Not a ·child, but «children" are neces­ human JESUS whom he supposed to have sion of GOD'S favor; Provo 31 :28, the sary in GOD'S ideal family on earth. Such been rediscovered by modern historical "virtuous woman's" ''household'' consists ideal families are vital to our race, to research. More and more the sobering of "husband" and "children;" I Sam. every nation, to our nation, to the Church conviction is gaining ground that the 2 :21, the birth of prayer-answered of JESUS CHRIST. Let us not live lower naturalistic criticism of the Gospels, re­ SAMUEL; is followed by "three sons and than beasts, but as men, being spirits, jecting the miracles, has been able only two daughters." Zach. 8:5 promises the created in the "image" of GOD, with to destroy and not to build. It has shown, streets of Jerusalem shall one day be full bodies made in the "likeness" of GOD. in the opinion of the naturalistic histor­ of boys and girls at play. I Tim. 3 :4 sets "Ye are bought with a price: therefore ians, that the JESUS of the Gospels was forth the fitness of one for the office of glorify GOD in your body, and in your not the real JEsus-but what sort of per­ bishop, as having "one wife" and being spirit, which are GOD'S." I Cor. 6 :20. son the real JESUS was-that question, it the father of "children;" I Tim. 5 :10, "Your whole spirit, and soul and body is increasingly admitted, must forever states as a condition that an aged widow be preserved blameless unto the coming of remain unanswered. We can show what receive aid from the Church, that she has our LORD JESUS CHRIST. Faithful is He sort of person the primitive Church held ''brought up children," and verse 14, that calleth you, who also will do it." Him to be, but what sort of person He directs that "younger women marry, bea'r I Thess. 5 :23, 24. 10 CHRISTIANITY TODAY MaYt 1931 Books of Retigious Significance

THE MEANING OF THE CROSS by Henry Dr. Coffin admits that the cross does not ism (whether in a materialistic or a pan­ Sloane Coffin. Charles Scribner's Sons. hold the central place in the preaching of theistic sense doesn't make much difference) Pp. 164. .'$1.50. those who accept the current liberal theol­ and a supernaturalism in which both the ogy (pp. 3-4). Why should it if the cross facts and the doctrines set forth in the Bible HE significance of this book lies in the of Christ has no meaning beyond that which find a natural and a logical place. "The fact that it represents an attempt on the T he ascribes to it? Liberalism in the Pres­ great battle of the twentieth century," to part of an outstanding Presbyterian liberal byterian Church has no abler or more attrac­ cite Francis L. Patton at the height of his "to put the meaning of. the cross in terms tive exponent than Henry Sloane Coffin. His intellectual powers, "is in its final issue a intelligible and moving to the men of today." attempt to state the meaning of the cross struggle between a Dogmatic Christianity on In his attempt to evaluate the cross, Dr. has but served to make yet more clear, it the one hand and an out-and-out naturalistic Coffin pays little or no attention to the mean­ seems to us, that liberals are the preachers philosophy on the other." Orthodoxy is not ing that the writers of the New Testament of "another Gospel which is not another." bankrupt; rather it offers the one hope for ascribed to the death of Christ. What he The Christ of this book is not the Christ of saving mankind from what Dr. Silver calls seeks to do is to indicate the meaning that evangelical Christians; and even if it were "the Apollyon of materialism, agnosticism Christ Himself attached to his own death. the cross whose meaning it seeks to set forth and atheism." In order to do this, he tells us that it is is not the cross that Paul had in mind when S. G. C. "obviously necessary to distinguish in the he wrote: "God forbid that I should glory (gospel) narratives between material which save in the cross of our Lord Jesus Christ." can be traced back with some assurance to S. G. C. THE HISTORY OF FUNDAMENTALISM. Jesus himself and the material which is due By Stewart G. Cole. Richard R. Sm.ith, to the reflection of His followers subsequent Inc. Pp. 360. $:2.50. to His death and resurrection" (p. 48). On the basis of such Gospel statements as he RELIGION IN A CHANGING WORLD by HIS is a history of Fundamentalism considers worthy of a measure of credence, Abba Hillel Silver, D.D., Litt.D. Richard T written by a modernist. Moreover it Dr. COffin holds that Christ went to His death R. Sm.ith, Inc. 1931. Pp. :204. $:2.00. is a historY not merely in the sense of a deliberately, not however as one who offers HE author of this book is a Jewish narrative of events but in the sense of an explanation of their causes. What Dr. Cole himself as a sacrifice to satisfy divine jus­ T Rabbi of the liberal school. It has tice and to reconcile us to God (Shorter been written as an exposition and defense purports to do is to explain the rise and Cathechism Q. 25) but rather as one who of liberal religion as over against material­ development of Fundamentalism despite the fact that the things for which it stands are had "become convinced that His death, even ism and atheism. It is safe to say that it is antiquated. He practically takes for granted more than a continuation of His work of the best book of its kind that has appeared teaching and healing and friendship, would in many a day both as regards its content that no man who is abreast of modern set up His Father's reign over His children and its literary charm. Few, if any, will be scholarship can be a fundamentalist and so' and bring them abundant life" (p. 68). able to read it without both profit and de­ is precluded from adopting the simple (but According to Dr. Coffin, Jesus went to His light-unless it be those who hold to a true) explanation that the rise and spread death "battling with doubts and tormented materialistic conception of the universe. At of Fundamentalism is rooted in the percep­ with moral perplexities" (p. 80) and with the same time it is important not to over­ tion on the part of intelligent Christians no clear understanding as to why the in­ look the fact that Dr. Silver writes from the that genuine Christianity is threatened with nocent should suffer with and for the guilty, viewpoint of those who hold that the citadels extinction at the hands of Modernism and but sustained by the faith that such was His • of orthodoxy-Hebrew as well as Christian­ therefore of the need of maintaining its Father's will and that His Father is good ha ve crumbled under the battering rams of truthfulness and saving power in the face of (P. 81). Dr. Coffin says "there is a sense in modern science. This viewpoint is assumed those who attack it-whether within or which we speak of Christ as our substitute" rather than argued but it dominates the without the church. Fundamentalists do not but only in the sense that it is He who has book throughout. With all its excellence, admit for one moment that the beliefs for blazed the trail along which we must travel therefore, the book must prove highly dis­ which they stand are incapable of scholarly by our own efforts but with much less effort appointing to all those who hold to the view­ defense; rather they maintain that it is the than was required on the part of Christ. point set forth in the Scriptures of the Old things for which Modernism stands that are (pp. 101-102). The present-day revolt from and New Testaments. We rejoice at what incapable of such defense. Be this as it may, ''various theories of the Atonement," we are Dr. Silver says in behalf of the theistic it is obvious that Dr. Cole's history of told, "has been due to their un-christian world-view as well as what he says in criti­ Fundamentalism cannot possibly commend views of God" (p. 110). Dr. Coffin regrets cism of the materialistic and atheistic prop­ itself to any except those who look upon that "certain widely used hymns still per­ aganda of today, but we are very far from Fundamentalism as a more or less quixotic petuate the theory that God pardons sinners supposing that he defends all that is essen­ attempt on the part of ignorant men to maintain an antiquated life and world view. because Christ purchased that pardon by tia!. It is well that men believe in God but His obedience and suffering" (P. 118). what does that profit the sinner-and all Doubtless individual fundamentalists have "There is no cleansing blood which can wipe men are such-unless they also believe in set forth and defended the essentials of out the record that has been," we are flatly the historic yet ever-living Christ? More­ . Christian belief with various degrees of told (p. 119). The cross is spoken of as "the over it seems to us that it is only from the knowledge and effectiveness but to char­ wisdom of God" but "not as a wisdom con­ standpoint of orthodoxy that we can effectu­ acterize them as a group as obscurantists fined to the Christian Gospel" (p. 103). The ally maintain even those values in which Dr. motivated by personal ambition to exercise cross of Christ is not needed as a means of Silver and his fellow-liberals are interested. rule in church affairs (as Dr. Cole does in procuring forgiveness because God gra­ In other words we believe that the real con­ effect) is in our judgment little short of ciously forgives all who turn to Him in peni­ flict today is not between liberalism and sheer misrepresentation. tence (pp. 118-121). atheistic materialism but between natural- This volume contains a great deal of in- May, 1931 CHRISTIANITY TODAY 11 formation concerning Fundamentalism not state the essence of the Westminster Confes­ readily obtainahle._elsewhel'e. This informa­ sion of Faith, and, what is more, do not Is the Bible to Be Taken tion, however, is bound up with so much even touch on the distinctive doctrines of "L"tI era II y II?" misinformation that relatively few will be Calvinism. A man might accept each and in a- position- to know what to oolieve and everyone of them without being a Calvinist. Editor of CHRISTIANITY TODAY: what to disbelieve. How little dependence In fact the :!lve points of the deliverances I greatly app1'eciate the kindness and the can be placed'in Dr. Cole's history of Funda­ are held in common by all the great historic fairness Of your reply to my inquiry ·in the mentalism in the Presbyterian Church, for branches of the Christian Church-Catholic, December issue on the Old Testament canon. instance, is indicated by the fact that he Lutheran, Arminian and Reformed. To I know I did fail to partic1tlm'ize any oj the speaks of the doctrinal deliverances of the speak of them as expressive of the views of "claims" Of "extreme fundamentalists" Assemblies of 1910, 1916 and 1923 as an at­ the strict Calvinists is about the last word which seem to be hindeTing rather tha1~ tempt to state the essence of the Westmin­ in misunderstanding. In view of this basic helping the young college sen·iors of whom I ster Confession and heads the chapter that misunderstanding, it is not surprising that spoke. deals with the controversy that centered nearly every page of his account of the about these doctrinal deliverances as "Neo­ situation in the Presbyterian Church will One of these is the claim that the early Calvinism in the Presbyterian Church." have to be revised before it can be accepted chapten of Genesis ?nust be taken with Such misunderstanding is abysmal. Appar­ as anything like a reliable account thereof. absolute literalness-that one cannot be a ently he confuses the five points of the Strictly speaking this book is not so much true Ohristian and accept the theory of doctrinal deliverances with the so-called a history of Funda.mentalism as an attack evolution. Recently, as one 1night expect five points of Calvinism. As a matter of on Fundamentalism clothed in historical in any s1wh youthful gTO'U·1J, the question of fact, of course, the five points of the doc­ form. the liteml or allegorical acceptance of "the trinal deliverences were not an attempt to S. G. C. story of Jonah and the whale" came up, also Of a literal Adam and Eve and a literal ·'tree Of knowledge" in the garden of Eden. Per­ sonally I emphasize to the young senior who is nearest to me, lny own belief that a tTue Questions Relative to Christian Ohristian's status depends upon his relations to Jesus' Ohrist-that I think one may be truly His, and regard these puzzling parts Faith. and Practice of the Old Testament either as literal hist01'y or as inspired allegory. The question of the miraculous seems to trouble them espe­ servatives and conservatives, but, broadly cially and I do not hesitate to say that I Why Do "Liberals" Advocate speaking, it seems to us that the considera­ find it easy and intellectually, necessa1'y to tion advanced explains the fact that it is Organic Union? accept the miraculous in Oh1"ist while being the liberals rather than the conservatives in doubt as to many of the Old Testament Edit01' of CHRISTIANITY TODAY: who are pushing the present-day proposals miracles. Will you explain why the liberal party in for church union. Conservatives are not While I should very ?nuch like to have you­ all branches of the Ohristian Ohurch are so blind to the importance of the outward, say something about these points, I realize much in favor of organic union of the visible organization of the church but they Ohurches? Why are they placing so much hold that such organization obtained at the that I may have already had more than my emphasis on the 01ttward, visible organiza­ cost of purity of doctrinal witness is ob­ fair share of space in your column 01 tion of the Ohurch? tained at too great a cost. Dr. A. C. Head­ questions. A. B. J. A. O. lam wrote wisely, it seems to us, when at the beginning of his Bampton Lectures on E can hardly qualify as a spokesman "The Doctrine of the Church and Christian N our December issue we dealt in a broad for the liberals. All we can do is to Reunion" (pp. 2-3) he said: I way with our questioner's allegation that W the "extreme claims of Fundamentalists" indicate why it is that while liberals as a "There is wide agreement as to the evils are an obstacle to Christian faith on the part class are more or less indiscriminate advo­ of disunion. There is a great and increasing of intelligent people inasmuch as nothing cates of church union proposals conserva­ desire for union. . . , From time to time re­ had been said to indicate the "extreme tives as a class are disposed to be critical union is discussed as if it were an economic of such proposals. It seems to us that this or business proposition. The waste of divi­ .claims" our questioner had in mind. difference of attitude is rooted in different sion and overlapping is dwelt upon, the loss In replying to this further question, we conceptions of what Christianity is, more of efficiency or the weakening of power. All would say in the first place that we think especially in different estimates of the value such questions in relation to Christianity she does right in emphasizing the fact that of Christian doctrines. Liberals as a rule are secondary. For the fundamental point the question whether a person has the status tell us that Christianity is life not doctrines to remember about it is that it claims to be of a Christian depends upon his or her rela­ (and so regard doctrines as having at the a revelation of the truth, and to teach the tions to Jesus Christ. We are not to suppose most a secondary importance) whereas con­ truth. However much worldy motives or that Christ saves only those who have an servatives tell us that Christianity is a life human frailty have prevailed among the intellectual grasp of all the presuppositions based on a message concerning Christ-and causes of Christian disunion, yet ultimately and implications of Christian faith, Christ so include doctrines among the things of the causes of division have been differences is able to save and does save all those who primary importance. The result is that as to what it true.. , . The evils of disunion receive and rest upon Him alone for salva­ liberals are not disposed to allow doctrinal are great; but a far greater evil would be tion even though their knowledge be very differences to stand in the way of church to compromise with truth. It would be faulty and imperfect (see our October; 1930, union while conservatives favor only such better that we should remain divided than issue, pp. 1-3). In the second place, we would church union proposals as involve the main­ leave problems unsolved. If we are to say that we 'are not aware that "Funda­ tenance of the doctrines they consider es­ come together it must be by wider knowl­ mentalists" claim that all parts of the Bible sential to Christianity. Of course there are edge and deeper thought, not by evading the must be taken with "absolute literalness," liberals and liberals just as there are con- issue·" , What they claim, as we understand their 12 CHRISTIANITY TODAY MaY/ 1931

claims, is that the statements of the Bible miracles recorded in Scripture. Whether on such subjects as the home, the state, and must be taken in the sense in which they one can be intellectually consistent and be the Church." And this concerning a man, were meant by their writers. That is to both a Christian and an evolutionist is, in who, by pen and in the pulpit, has been a say "Fundamentalists" believe in what is some cases, largely a matter of definition. strong tower for the defence of the integrity known as "grammatico-historieal exegesis." According to our- understanding of the matter and authority of the Word of God, for over a Whether any particular passage is to be the Christian need not maintain that there third of a century, even in the "Bible belt taken as "literal history or as inspired aIle· is no truth in the evolutionary theory. It of the South." gory" hinges on the question of the sense in seems to us, however, that he must needs Again, the reviewer gives no proof of his which it was employed by its author. What maintain that it does not express the whole charges concerning the author of "Freedom the "Fundamentalists" object to is not the truth. If evolution expresses the whole and Restraint," and his affirmations are treating of allegories as allegories but the truth it is obvious that the supernatural in spun out of his own imagination, and find treating of historical statements as though the form of the miraculous has never been no justification in the text of the volume, or they were allegories. a factor in human life. A non-miraculous in the well known theological position of its The question of the relation between Christianity, however, is just no Christian­ author. Christianity and evolution or Christianity ity at all. Intellectually speaking, we do To reply to such a "review" in detail is and miracles' is too large to be dealt with not believe that a man can be a true Chris­ manifestly impossible, as it is concerned, not in this connection. As stated above our tian and accept a thorough-going theory of with answering Dr. CampbeU's position, so status as Christians hinges on our personal evolution and that because there is no place clearly and brilliantly stated, but in replying relations with Jesus Christ, not on the per­ for miracles in a thorough-going theory of to views that the reviewer supposes he holds. fection of our knowledge or our logical evolution. How can one be a Christian and There are only four citations in the capacity. It seems to us that if one accepts hold a theory that allows no place for the lengthy article from "Freedom and Re­ the miraculous in Christ there is no good Christ whom the Christian receives and straint," and three of these by page numbers reason why he should not accept all the rests upon for salvation? only. The only direct quotation from the book consists of eight words, which are torn bodily out of the context:-"According to Doctor Campbell believers in verbal inspira­ IIF d dR· II tion" (italics mine) "cannot observe the ree om an estralnt need of 'discrimination in drawing lessons [The Editors of Christianity Today are glad to publish this letter from the pen of the Rev. Neal L. Anderson, from the inspired record'-p. 50,." What Dr. D.O. Dr. Anderson takes vigorous exception to d book review dppedring in our columns. The Editors Campbell wrote was this, "The need of dis­ considered it only right, since his conclusions were disputed, to dllow the reviewer, the Rev. Cornelius Vdn Til, Ph.D., to reply to Dr. Anderson. It is the dim of Christidnity Today to be just dnd fair to all.] crimination in drawing lessons from the in­ spired record might be illustrated from many passages. Take for instance the Song of De· Dr. Anderson Protests The reviewer has the following interesting things to say about Dr. Campbell: He is one borah and Barak-." To the Editor of CHRISTIANITY TODAY: "who halts between two opinions;" "mis­ There is direct misrepresentation of the SIR: Under the heading "Books of Re­ conceives God;" "holds the dualistic view of position of the author in the pages cited only ligious Significance," your issue of March inspiration;" "makes concessions fatal to a by their number:- 1931 contains a lengthy article Signed "C. belief in the self-testimony of Scripture;" (1) ''We are once more told," writes the Van Til," concerning "Freedom and Re­ "beclouds the whole issue of inspiration;" reviewer "that the authority of the Bible straint" from the pen of the Rev. Robert F. "spreads confusion," and ,"beats the air in is that of the expert, and not that of a judge. Campbell, D.D., pastor of the First Presby­ his argument;" "hob-nobs with the enemy" p.17." terian Church, Asheville, N. C. of conservative theology; and reveals a It is not strange that the reviewer im­ Three circumstances make this volume "compromising attitude," which the reviewer mediately adds "this way of putting the indeed a book of genuine religious sig­ reverently hopes is "not symptomatic of af­ matter is misleading," for neither on page nificance:- fairs in the South." In a word, Dr. Campbell 17, nor on any other page does Dr. Campbell It contains the lectures delivered by the is relegated to the camp of the enemy, who say one word about the Bible "being tli.e author, in the second oldest Presbyterian overthrows the faith of many. authority of the expert." Indeed he says Theological Seminary in America, and on This is all startling information to the nothing whatever about "the expert." the Sprunt Foundation, whose lecturers have Ministers and members of the Presbyterian all been foremost representatives of the Re­ Church in the United States, and to a host (2) Because Dr. Campbell, p. 14, quotes formed Faith on both sides of the sea. of Dr. Campbell's admirers throughout the the famous aphorism of Coleridge, that "the Second, the lectures on "Fredom and Re­ country. It is convincing proof that the Bible finds me," the reviewer proceeds to straint" in a fascinating and vigorous style days of 'miracles are not over. "Saul among accuse him of holding Coleridge's view of deal with subjects of vital importance in the prophets" is not so surprising as Robert inspiration, which view he proceeds to de­ the religious world today. F. Campbell in the camp of the Modernists! molish. Yet the author of "Freedom and Third, the volume has special significance If it be true indeed, or only partially true, Restraint" was not discussing Coleridge's because its author, an ex-Moderator of the one can understand the minor chord that view of inspiration, but merely refers to him Presbyterian Church in the United States, runs through the review, "I alone am left." as having compressed into a line, what the is himself an outstanding champion of The Since you have given such widespread pub­ Scriptures have to say of themselves as "a Reformed Faith in America, and has been licity to the above statements, permit me to discerner of the thoughts and intents of the for more than a quarter of a century a de­ call the attention of your readers to certain heart." fender of the "faith once for all delivered matters dealt with in the article:- (3) The review continues, "The whole is­ to the saints," in a great metropolitan centre, It is not a review of "Freedom and Re· sue of inspiration is beclouded by the,author the Mecca of tens of thousands from all over straint," but of one, or at most two chapters, in his second chapter on 'The Letter and the the world, who seek there, health, rest, and of a volume consisting of eight chapters. Spirit.' Paul's words from 2 Cor. :I: 6, 'for refreshment of spirit. Recent events have The other chapters are cursorily dismissed the letter killeth, and the spirit giveth life' made the author also a spokesman to the with the statement that "-we do not ex­ are wrought upon till they are made to tell nation for the authority of God in the home, pect that the author will be very much con­ against those who believe in the verbal in· the church, and the state. cerned thereafter about what the Bible says spiration of Scripture." May, 1931 CHRISTIANITY TODAY 13 • It is interesting to note that chapter 2 of present day discussion, such as "The the other chapters in detail. Nor do I dis­ does not deal directly with the doctrine of Freedom and Authority of the Scriptures;" miss the other chapters with the single quo­ the inspiration of the Scripture, but with "The Spirit and the Letter;" "Individualism tation you give on page two. BeSides, a the matter of the interpretation of the in­ and the Institution;" "Freedom and the Law review is in the nature of the case more of spil'ed --records; and particularly that the of the State;" "Sunday Laws and Liberty;" a statement of opinion than a detailed argu­ author of the chapter, beyond a paraphrase "The Ideal and the Practical;" "The Law of ment. And finally, the refernce to the other of 2 Cor. 3:6 in the opening paragraph, Liberty and Restraint;" ''Whose Man?" six chapters concerned the question of makes no further reference to it, but does Anyone of these chapters is well worth method; only an extensive discussion could treat in detail twenty-eight other passages of the pr,ice of the book to the reverent, schol­ bring out the point in detail, and the review Scripture, most of them from the very words arly student of the Word of God, who de­ was too long as it was. of Jesus. voutly believes that we may know the Truth, 5. Proof does not depend upon lengthy ( 4) Lastly the reviewer notes that "the and that the Truth will make us free. quotations cited by page number. Proof de­ au~hor's first major deflection is on the mat­ NEAL L. ANDERSON. pends first of all upon a correct representa­ ter of reducing the authority of the Scrip­ Winston-Salem, N. C. tion of an author's main line of argument. ture by virtually qualifying the 'natural The two chapters I criticized are not so long man' as the judge of its truth." but that anyone could easily check up on my argument. Besides, I have given, as you It is difficult for one, with ''Freedom and Dr. Van Til Replies say, four citations. ,Restraint" open before him, to reply dis­ My dear Dr. ANDERSON: Coming now to the more definite items, I il\tssionately to such a statement, for there is would remark: not a word in the book that justifies it. On Dr. Samuel G. Craig has suggested that I the contrary, in passages of exceptional reply to the letter sent him containing re­ 1. The quotation from page 50, is not "torn clarity and force, Dr. Campbell says directly flections on my review of Dr. Robert F. bodily out of its context." On page 49, Dr. the opposite:- Cambell's book, "Freedom and Restraint," in Campbell tells about a Minister troubled in the March issue of CHRISTIANITY TODAY. I his conscience because he thought his min­ "Those who exalt experience as the crite­ gladly do so in the hope of coming to a bet­ isterial vows bound him to teach that Scrip­ rion of truth in religion seem to forget that ter understanding on the matter. tures are inerrant not only on religious but there are diseases of experience; inherent in If I understand your point at all it is as well on secular matters. The "brother man's fallen nature, corrupting both reason not that I have been mistaken on details Minister" relieves him by revealing to him and conscience." p. 12. "The material of or misrepresented Dr. Campbell on matters that what he had really sworn to was no Christian experience is the Word of God, or of detail, but that I have missed the mark more than an acceptance of the inerrancy of more particularly Jesus Christ, as He is pre­ altogether. Now after rereading the first Scripture with respect to matters of "re­ sented in the Scriptures to the soul renewed two chapters of Dr. Campbell's book I must ligious faith or moral conduct." Thus the by the Spirit." p. 14. "It is evident again still hold to the view expressed in CHRIS­ exact point in dispute was the inerrancy of that the validity of the authority does not de­ TIANITY TODAY. What I said there was not Scripture on all matters of which it speaks. pend on its recognition as such." p. 15. that Dr. Campbell was a Modernist, or "in Now Dr. Campbell approves the "brother Quoting Jeremiah's statement that God will the camp of the Modernists," as you say I Minister" of page 48 by his argument on write his "law in the inwards parts, and in page 50. His argument is that the evident the hearts" of His people, Doctor Campbell said. Surely if one "hobnobs with the enemy," he is not that enemy himself. My need of "discrimination in drawing lessons" says "The ideal of Christian freedom is not whole point was that Dr. Campbell's book.is proves the truth of the position of the realized therefore at Mt. Sinai, but only a poor defense of the orthodox or Presby­ ''brother Minister" who does not feel that he when we come to Mt. Zion-'for as many terian system of doctrine against the attack needs to hold to the Scripture's inerrancy as are led by the Spirit of God, they are of Modernism. when it speaks of secular matters. The im­ the sons of God'." pp. 19, 20. I may perhaps follow your letter in the plication is plain that if one does feel that That the reviewer did not understand the course of its argument and seek to make he needs to hold to Scripture's inerrancy on brilliant dialectics, which unmask the subtle some explanation on the points you mention. all matters of which it speaks one cannot fallacies of Liberalism, is unfortunate. That make discrimination in drawing lessons. I he should misrepresent the argument is un­ 1. I have made no distinction between "the cannot see, applying the ordinary canons of fair. author, and the volume from his pen." I logic, where I have in the least misrepre­ dealt only with the volume. I do not know If to believe that "The Word of God, con­ sented Dr. Campbell on this point. Dr. Campbell and am glad to believe all the tained in the Scriptures of the Old and New In the same paragraph you seem to find a good said about him. I could not be pre­ Testaments, is the only infallible rule of direct contradiction of what I wrote, in the judiced if I wanted to be. faith and practice," while at the same time quotation you give. But I did not deny that frankly admitting the difficulties in the in­ 2. I appreciate the good there is in the Dr. Campbell holds to the necessity of draw­ terpretation of many Scripture passages, volume in form and content, but the good ing discriminating lessons. I said that he dealing with scientific phenomena, historic seemed to me to be made of none effect by claimed that I, believing in the inerrancy of data, and Chronology, is to be disloyal to The the compromising attitude I find in the Scripture on all matters of which it speaks, Reformed Faith, Doctor Campbell is found volume and it was this that I sought to bring could not do the same. I did not deny that in the goodly company of Drs. Charles out. he could do a certain thing, but I denied his Hodge, Francis L. Patton, James Denny, 3. Whether the "information" about Dr. implication that I could not also do this same Clarence E. Macartney, and the authors of Campbell's book is startling or not is of thing. If you say you can play ball I do the great symbols of the Faith. secondary importance. a "Is it true or not," not object but if you use that as a proof that The present writer knows no volume that is the question. Besides, it is quite a I cannot play ball I must naturally rebel. where the reader will be more richly repaid common thing today to find people with 2. You maintain that I have misrepre­ for careful study of its pages, than "Free­ orthodox convictions "hobnob with the sented Dr. Campbell by my statement about dom and Restraint." It is not a treatise enemy." We are accustomed to that in the the authority of the judge and the authority on Theology, but does much to strengthen North. of the expert. You say that "neither on page the faith of its readers in the authority of 4. I hold it to be the privilege of any re­ 17, nor on any other page does Dr. Campbell The Word of God, through a practical treat­ viewer to call special attention to one or say one word about the Bible ''being the ment of some of the most interesting themes two chapters of a book without reviewing authority of the expert." 14 CHRISTIANITY TODAY May, 1931

Here, too, I have not been convinced by jlldge has to give way to the expel·t, when mechanical instead of an organic view of your reasoning. On page 16 Dr. Campbell the questiol} of Bible autbority is broached. revelation and inspiration, and the burden illustrates two meanings of "authority," by The author is quite consistent on this point. of a crass and absurd literalism of interpre­ contrasting the authority of a judge as Thus you will realize that I must still hold tation. Thus the author has been altogether judge,-and-thissame-judge- as the author of the whole matter quite "misleading," if we unfair to the believer in plenary inspiration a standard treatise on Court Procedure. Of remember that the author's views are sup­ and has "spread confusion," and "beclouded" the latter he says, page 16, "It is not an posed to be in consonance with those of the the whole issue between the orthodox and authority that commands obedience by Westminster standards in which the forensic the Modernist. The argument is quixotic external compulsion, but an authority that element is primary and controlling. You indeed. commends itself by internal appeal." Any will also understand why I hold that the 5. Lastly you mention my main criticism one failing to "follow the prescription of this author "misconceives the matter." that the author Virtually qualifies the "nat­ authority" does so at his own peril. Is the 2. As to the quotation from Coleridge I ural man" as the judge of Scripture. I trust author not plainly contrasting the authority may remark: (a) I did not "proceed to ac­ I have already made it clear above that of the judge and the authority of an "expert" cuse him [Dr. Campbell] of holding Cole­ this is exactly what the author does. And who advises but does not compel? The word ridge's view of inspiration." I do not lnen­ the strange part is that I have quoted in "expert" is not used but the thing is clearly tion inspiration nor discuss the matter with­ proof of my charge parts of those portions signified and that is all one need be con­ out mentioning it by name in this connec­ which you quote in disproof of my charge. cerned about to be fair to an author. tion. The first chapter of Dr. Campbell's (a) That there are "diseases of expe­ Then further in the last paragraph on page book deals with "authority." (b) What I said rience" does not in itself prove that man is' 16, the author says with respect to the illus­ was that 'Coleridge was quite wrong. Cole­ guilty and cannot be a judge. In fact. Dr. tration used, "Though the parallel is not ridge thought of experience as it is today, Campbell contends that though diseased, man perfect, it may serve to illustrate in some regardless of what sin has done to expe­ nevertheless possesses "right reason~' by measure the authority of Scripture. Scrip­ rience, when he made his famous aphorism. which he can judge the Scripture. Dr. ture is first of all Jehovah's appeal to This experience he takes as his standard and Campbell nowhere clearly distinguishes be­ reason." Then on page 17, the author, with finds that the Scriptures correspond with it, tween regenerate and non-regenerate ex­ patent allusion to his statement on page 16 and therefore accepts the Scriptures. Thus perience. Surely when Jehovah says to his about the lawyer who might fail to follow the experience is made the judge of Scripture in­ covenant people, "Come let us reason to­ prescription of this authority, says to those stead of Scripture the judge of experience. gether," that proves nothing about those that who should respect the similar authority of (c) What I said further was that Dr. are not covenant people. Or when Paul Scripture, "It is true that serious conse-. Campbell quoted Coleridge with approval. writes to the Christian Church at Corinth, quences follow rejection or neglect of author­ Did he not? "On the contrary, when we say "I speak as unto wise men; judge ye what I ity in this case as inevitably as in the case that the Bible is an infallible authority, we say," Dr. Campbell is not justified in gen­ of a law of nature--." base its infallibility on its harmony with eralizing this statement so that it includes In view of the course of the argument on right reason. Between· the teachings of all men, non-regenerate as well as regener­ these two pages and also on page 18, I feel Scripture and the reason and conscience of ate, (p. 16.) Were not the covenant people fully warranted to use the phrase "authority man there is a correspondence as between supposed to understand things others did not of an expert," with respect to the author's pure air and the lungs. As Coleridge ex­ understand? Does not Paul agree with John view of Scriptural authority. Moreover on pressed it, 'The Bible finds me.' " that Christians if they be Christians indeed, page 17, after the quotation from Dr. Denney, have an unction of the Holy one by which I would ask Dr. Campbell here what he they understand and respond to truths which which quotation Dr. Campbell used in order means when he speaks of "right reason." Is to prove further his own conception of the are obnoxious to the unbeliever? The author it regenerated reason or non-regenerated rea­ Bible as illustrated by the judge who wrote has been,-such is my definite conviction­ son to which he refers? Of course the Scrip­ the "standard treatise" the author says "hobnobbing with the enemy" on this point. tures and regenerated reason agree as fresh definitely, "The authority of the Bible is of The other quotations you give have no con­ air and lungs but the Scriptures and the this kind." For that reason I referred to nection with the subject and may be omitted. non-regenerated reason agree as fire and page 17. water. Surely the author "spreads confu­ Your appeal to authorities, too, may pass In addition to this the reasoning on pp. sion" when he passes from the one to the unnoticed. It is not a matter of "frankly 12-13 fully corroborates the "expert" idea of other type of experience without making the admitting difficulties in the interpretation of Scripture. The author says, p. 12, "that least distinction between the two. I must many Scripture passages ... ," Every re­ there are diseases of experience inherent in still hold that the author "wavers on this formed person will gladly do that. The ques­ man's fallen nature, corrupting both reason pivotal point and sends forth an uncertain tion is about the inerrancy of Scripture on and conscience, and that there is also such sound." all matters of which it speaks, secular as well a thing as an immature or undernourished 8,S religious. The limitation of Scripture's in­ 4. As to the second chapter of Dr. Camp­ experience. The Bible is medicine for the errancy to religious truth in distinction from bell's book, the subject directly under dis­ diseased experience and food for, the expe­ secular matters, as introduced by Dr. Camp­ cussion is that of interpretation, but what rience that is immature or un.dernourished." bell finds no support from reformed theo­ Dr. Campbell says about interpretation Again on page 13, "We see therefore that logians. (Cf. H. Bavinck, Dogmatiek, Vol. experience begins as an infant and must be definitely involves a certain view of inspira­ I; A. Kuyper-Dictaten Dogmatiek, Vol. IV; tion. And it is Dr. Campbell's view of in­ fed; that conscience must be exercised and B. B. Warfield-Revelation and Inspiration.) spiration that I hold to be dangerous be­ nourished if it is to be quick and active to You will now realize that instead of re­ cause unreformed. Why may I not say so? discern good and evil." In all this I find not garding Dr. Campbell's book as a piece of a word about the forensic side of the matter. A very disappointing feature about the "brilliant dialectics which unmask the subtle There where the author gives his pro­ second chapter is that the issues of verbal fallacies of Liberalism," I must continue to foundest reasons for differing from those inspiration, of the old and new dispensa­ regard it as a book concessive to Liberalism, who "make personal insight and experience tions, of literalism and symbolism are dis­ and one that does more harm to the cause of the only criterion of truth" he has nothing cussed without distinction. For that reason the Reformed Faith than an outspoken to say about man's guilt before God. He the poor man who still believes in the in­ liberal book could do. speaks of experience being diseased and of errancy of Scripture in all matters of which Sincerely yours, that only. It is no wonder then that the it speaks, is made to bear the burden of a C. VAN TIL. May, 1931 CHRISTIANITY TODAY 15

my session should read the sound worth­ while articles and editorials in CHRISTIANITY Letters to the Editor TODAY. I thank God for your paper, and for the [The letters printed here express the convictions of the writers, and publication in these men of principle who are making it possible. columns does not necess;)-riTi'imply either approval or disapproval on the part of the My prayer is that this year may be a most Editors. If correspondents do not wish their names printed, they will please so request, but all are asked to kindly sign their names as an evidence of good faith. We do not prosperous one for you. print letters that come to us anonymously.] Sincerely yours, REV. JAS. A. GORDON. To the Editor of CHRISTIANITY TODAY: press ions of confidence and brotherly affec­ Torrington, Wyo. SIR: In the April number of CHRISTIANITY tion. Please continue to pray for, CHRIS­ TODAY, appears a scurrilous letter by an TIANITY TODAY that God in His providence Auburn Affirmationist in which he castigates may sustain it and keep pure its witness to To the Editor, oj CHRISTIANITY TODAY: you for your splendid contending for the the truth.] SIR: After reading CHRISTIANITY TODAY faith once delivered. I too would rather be fo~ one year, I would sum up my opinion an unregenerate Hottentot in Africa, than a To the Editor of CHRISTIANITY TODAY: of it in one word-Good. Presbyterian Minister who had vowed before SIR: I have been receiving CHRISTIANITY The Editorials, Expositions of Scripture, High Heaven to be loyal to the Word of God, TODAY during the past year owing to the Book Reviews, Question Column, informa­ as expressed in the Westminster Confession, thoughtful kindness of my friend ... who tion of happenings and general state of the and then sign such an infidel protest as the is one of your subscribers for himself and Church, etc., and the absence of "wildfire," Affirmation. I am not a Minister but lay­ a: for others. The paper is so well edited and have a very steadying and building up effect. man whose Scottish Ancestors laid down printed that I have found it indispensable. There are many young, and older, people, their lives in defense of those five points, Enclosed is my dollar for the year ahead. who by reason of circumstances have not had that the Affirmationists hold of so little im­ I do not like the labels "Fundamentalist," the grounding in the Bible, which they have portance, to wit: First, essential doctrine "Liberal," "Modernist," as they can mean longed for, and which is so vital in these that the Holy Spirit did so inspire the different qualities when defined from dif­ days of "itching ears." I believe a course of writers as to keep the Holy Scriptures from ferent standpoints; but I prefer "Super­ two or three years study by such young, errors; second, essential doctrine that our naturalist," "Rationalist," "Materialist." I or older, people would surprise and delight, Lord Jesus Christ was born of the Virgin believe, with you, in the importance of the and be of immense value to such students. Mary; third, essential doctrine that Christ doctrine of the supernatural origin of the It would enable them to give a reason for offered up Himself as a sacrifice to satisfy Christian Faith, and consequently have no the faith, we trust, that would be in them. divine justice; fourth, essential doctrine that quarrel with your brand of theology. Keep It would also apprise them of the present our Lord Jesus Christ, arose from the dead right on with the magazine as written and day dangers, and prevent some, or many, on the third day; fifth, essential doctrine printed during the past twelve months. climbing over the stile into By-Path Meadow. that our Lord Jesus Christ, showed his Will you bear with a suggestion?' I would Very truly yours, power and love by working mighty miracles. like to send a free copy to a few young people The Affirmation says, We are opposed to any ELI BENEDICT. who have not had or do not now expect a attempt to elevate these five doctrinal state­ New York, N. Y. course of Bible study, and I would make an ments or any of them to the position of tests express condition that each recipient will get for ordination or for good standing in our To the Editor of CHRISTIANITY TODAY: at least two--or more-others to join him or Church. I do not believe a born again man SIR: I am enclosing my renewal. Your her in earnest and honest study of the mat­ could deny these doctrinal statements or any paper always inspires me. I thank God that ter appearing in CHRISTIANITY TODAY, from one of them. Why, oh why, do not Ministers, it is my privilege to receive al).d read the month to month. I would suggest also that who have taken vows to be true to the Scrip­ records of your unflinching witness to the a request be made that at least one of each tures according to the Presbyterian Con­ Deity of our Lord Jesus Christ, and to the Today Class report to the Editor as to the fession, instead of breaking their vows and Gospel of the grace of God. I cannot recall interest taken and progress made, and with destroyin¥ the Church from the inside-why a single utterance with which I am not in a further suggestion to the students that the are they not honest enough to leave the Pres­ hearty accord .. In this day of aggressive best way to build up a Treasury of Knowl­ byterian Church and go into the Unitarian apostasy, it is a joy to know that those edge-ready for use at all times-is to give or some other liberal church that holds their who hold the fa,ith of Christ have the en­ it away-spread it amongst friends-tell it views? They are fufilling 2nd Peter 2:1-2. couragement and consolation of such a mag­ out-scatter it as seed sown, and at last "But there were false prophets also among azine at yours. It has pleased God to with­ there will be the rejoicing and the sheaves. the people even as there shall be false hold wealth from me; otherwise it would be How to get the names? Ask some workers teachers among you, who privily shall bring my delight to give large support to CHRIS­ far away from the big cities to send in a in damnable heresies, even denying the Lord TIANITY TODAY and to Westminster Seminary. picked name or two, and if there are more that bought them and bring upon themselves I pray that the Lord may open many hearts names sent in than dollars, let it be known, swift destruction. And many shall follow and purses, and that lie may constantly as­ and if the thing is of the Lord, the dollars their pernicious ways; by whom the way of sure you of His pleasure in your work. will increase to keep pace with the names. truth shall be evil spoken of." .~ Affectiona tely yours, Yours sincerely, LAY~1AN. F. R. J. REV. H. H. KURTZ. Toronto. Glen Moore, Pa. [Editor's note: The following letters are typical of the many encouraging and com­ mendatory communications that have come To the Editor oj CHRISTIA:II'ITY TODAY: To the Editor oj CHRISTIANITY TODAY: from those sending in their renewal sub­ SIR: I am pastor of the United Presby­ SIR: I am enclosing my check for $6.00, scriptions. The Editors wish to assure the terian Church of Torrington and have been one dollar for my subscription for the thousands of friends and supporters of receiving your splendid paper for a year coming year, and the remainder to be used CHRISTIANITY TODAY of how deeply their now. It is the best religious paper I have in the way it is most needed, in the publica­ hearts have been touched by so many ex- ever read, and I am greatly concerned that tion of your splendid paper. 16 CHRISTIANITY TODAY May, 1931

I wonder if you know what CHRISTIANITY The Approaching Assembly of his words. We cite from the statement TODArmeans-t(Jsome-"ofus, who have been that appeared in the Pittsburgh Press: longing for just such a publication. But (Gontimtecl from page 3) "Thousands of Presbyterians have read of course, yoU do. How I do rejoice in the over, it is q'.lite certain that questions calm; undisturbed, unequivocal stand you with shame and indignation the published are taking. When I've been reading other other than its merits or demerits will enter report of the General Assembly's commit­ things, some so weak and indifferent, and into the question of its adoption or rejec­ tee on marriage, divorce and remarriage. timid, it heartens me to pick up CHRIS­ tion. At present the number of commis­ This recognition of, and practical advo­ TIANITY TODAY, and feel I can settle back, and sioners from each Presbytery is based on "eat" good wholesome bread, no fancy cacy of birth control is undoubtedly repug­ the number of Ministers it contains; ac­ dishes, seasoned and decorated, but real nant to a great number of our Ministers food, just what a hungry one needs to live. cording to the method proposed the num­ and to thousands of our members. You must understand that this (CHRIS­ ber of commissioners will be based on the "In effect, those within the church who TIANITY TODAY) is my Presbyterian Church; number of communicant members. This, advocate birth control advocate that which (I have no church home here) in order to 9f course, is a radical departure from see what it means to me, and it is more to is not merely ecclesiastically and doc-· me than many a church is to those who at­ the present method of representation. trinally wrong, but that which is wrong tend its services. Its articles and sermons :iVIoreover, it is obvious that the proposed with an elemental and fundamental show that the authors are wideawake to method would strengthen the powers of wrongness, because it violates the laws of conditions at the present time, do not doubt the larger presbyteries and correspond­ natural morality. as to the reasons therefore, plainly and con­ ingly weaken those of the smaller pres­ Vincingly proclaim the only remedy, and un­ "Men have a right to recommend pagan afraid and unhesitatingly face the conflict. byteries. Inasmuch as the city rather than and anti-Christian practices if they de­ I feel so plainly that God is looking with lov­ the country presbyteries seem to be the sire. But this should not be done under ing approval on this "venture of faith." And strongholds of liberalism, the immediate the guise of Christian teaching and faith dares anything "in the name of the effect would probably be to further the faith. What is pagan should be set forth Lord," certain that God never foresakes His liberal tendencies in the Church. This own, nor His work. as such. How I would love to do more for this work, proposal has much to commend it. This "The Protestant Church, by these and I believe it will be possible before long. is not to say, however, that we favor it_ colossal follies, is digging its grave and Yes, God has richly blessed this work so The report of the Special Commission renouncing the moral leadership which it far, and will bless and honor it, so long as on Marriage, Divorce, and Remarriage is has held' since the sixteenth century_ all remain true to His word. And may God richly bless you all. sure to receive a great deal of attention­ "There is no law requiring people to Most sincerely, at least in the public press. This report, have a large family, or any family at all. MRS. C. T. FRIEDRICH. in onr judgment, contains little to com­ But when Protestant Ministers begin to Anoka, Neb. mend and much to condemn. About the recommend the ill-favored doctrines of best that can be said for this report is that birth control, things have come to a sorry To the Editor of CHRISTIANITY TODAY: some of its recommendations are not as pass. Sm: I inclose my check to renew my sub­ bad as others. The least defensible thing "If birth control had been practiced in scription to CHRISTIANrry TODAY. I have read about the report, of course, is what it says the Epworth Rectory, there would have every issue of it with delight and thorough about Birth Control. We will be greatly been no JOHN WESLEY, with his world­ commendation. It certainly stands strongly surprised and grieved if the General As­ shaking evangel, for he was the fifteenth for Apostolic religion and as such deserves of nineteen children, and his mother, the unqualified support of every Christian sembly does not vigorously repudiate at who deplores the present great lapse from least this portion of its report. "Economic SUSANNA WESLEY, the twenty-fifth child the faith of the Fathers. conditions and a worthy standard of liv­ of the celebrated Dr. ANNESLEY .• Very truly yours, ing," reads this part of -their report, "It is sad to see the Protestant Church, CHARLES A. INGRAHAM. "clearly make it wrong to bring children and especially the Presbyterian Church­ Cambridge, N. Y. into the world without adequate provision even through a committee whose report for their nurture and proper consideration has not been adopted, and will not be To the Editor ot CHRISTIANITY TODAY: for the health of the mother.•.. Two adopted-trying to persuade the public Sm: Will you please renew my subscrip­ methods are possible in securing birth that what is elementally and inherently tion to CHRISTIANITY TODAY, for the coming control. The first is continence. The sinful is no sin. This report has little year. I enclose $2.00-one for my subscrip­ second is the use of contraceptives. When chance of passing in the General As­ tion and one for the general expense of the paper. I want to tell you how much I value this method is adopted in seeking the sembly. liIowever we may have lapsed your paper and rejoice that there is one worthy objectives stated above, it should we certainly have not yet sunk to that low paper that is not afraid to stand for the only be in fidelity to the highest ideals of state. truth as it is in Jesus. Down with this five­ the Christian home." Dr. CLARENCE E. "Presbyterians will not fail to note that square union about which so many are biACARTNEY, a former Moderator of the of the ministerial members of this com­ union-crazy! Wishing and praying for your mission, two, the chairman and the sec­ continued success and for the prosperity of General Assembly, has so well expressed Westminster Seminary. our own reaction to the recommendation retary, or editor, signed the iniquitous Au­ I am your faithfully, that this part of its report be adopted "as burn Affirmation of 1924, in which it was F. M. WOODS. expressing the attitude of our Church" declared, after reference to the inspiration Martinsburg, W. Va. upon this subject that we avail ourselves of the Bible, the Incarnation, the Atone- May, 1931 CHRISTIANITY TODAY 17 ment and the Resurrection, that the Gen­ never founded upon a pin point. At the Possibly he might mean that. More prob­ eral Assembly's declaration of 1923 did foundation of the Christi'1n Church there ably., perhaps, he might mean the gospel not state the only theories allowed by the stands the supernatural CHRIST. about CHRIST, the gospel which sets Scriptureaand our. standaJ.:dsas-_explana­ CHRIST forth. tions of these facts and doctrines, 'and The One True Gospel But in this particular place we are in­ that all who hold to these facts and doc­ If that be so, the whole distinction be­ clined to think that he means neither. trines, whatever theories they may employ tween the gospel of CHRIST and the Rather is he designating the gospel here to explain them, are worthy of all con­ gospel about CHRIST falls to the ground. simply as the gospel that belongs to fidence and fellowship.' Where loose The gospel of CHRIST, the gospel which CHRIST. It is CHRIST'S property; yet doctrine prevails, dangerous ethical teach­ He proclaimed, is seen also to be a gospel these Judaizers are seeking to lay violent ing is sure to follow .... The prominence about Him. He came into this world to hands upon it. They are seeking to deal which some of our Ministers are giving to make that gospel possible by His redeem­ as they will with what is not really theirs these ill-favored teachings, such as birth ing death and glorious resurrection. but CHRIST'S. control, is an evidence of a fading interest While He was on earth He proclaimed that Would GOD that every modern preacher in redemptive Christianity.... " gospel afore, and He left the fuller pres­ might avoid the Judaizers' sin! The entation of it to the apostles whom he gospel is not ours to change as we will; in chose. But always He is both the author proclaiming it we are but stewards. GOD Notes on Biblical Exposition and the substance of His gospel; the grant that we may be faithful stewards; (Cancludedfrom page 9) gospel that He proclaimed was also the GOD grant that we may truly proclaim the gospel which is not ours but the gospel of picture of a mere prophet and teacher gospel in which He was proclaimed. the LORD JESUS CHRIST! simply overlaid with a few supernatural Hence it makes cOIIliparatively little elements. Rather does the supernatural, difference whether in any particular case both in the presentation of fact and in the PAUL means by "the gospel of CHRIST" Two Corrections presentation of JESUS' claims, enter into the gospel that CHRIST proclaimed or HROUGH an unfortunate oversight two the very warp and woof. If the super­ the gospel that proclaims Him. Usually T mistakes appeared in the April issue of natural be rejected, then there is really when he speaks of the gospel he is think­ CHRISTIANITY TODAY. The able article on nothing that certainly remains. No won­ ing certainly of the latter rather than of "Church Union and Doctrinal Purity" was der that an increasing skepticism has the former; he is thinking of the gospel written, not by the Rev. Wm. Carter, D.D., but by the Rev. James Carter, D.D., Pro­ taken the place of enthusiasm for "the as that which sets forth CHRIST'S redeem­ fessor Emeritus at Lincoln University, Liberal JESUS!" Increasingly it has be­ ing work rather than as that which Penna. The Rev. Wm. Carter, D.D., of come evident that unless JESUS was CHRIST proclaimed when He was on earth. Brooklyn, N. Y., wrote disclaiming author­ essentially what He is represented in What does he mean in our verse in Gal. ship of the article, saying, "I thank you for the Gospels as being, His true person and 1 :7, when he speaks of the "gospel of the compliment in ascribing the article" ... CHRIST?" Does he mean the gospel which and "the article is a very fine one, and I character can never be rediscovered by fully agree with the author ..." any historical research. CHRIST proclaimed or the gospel which The meditation on "Noble Loneliness­ Such skepticism will always be con­ proclaims CHRIST? If he means the Micaiah," by Pastor R. Saillens, was trans­ demned by a sound common sense. The former, he is no doubt thinking not so lated by the Rev. Paul Woolley, Th.M., from the French periodical Le Ohretien Evan(Je­ picture of JESUS in the Gospels is too self­ much of CHRIST'S. proclamation of the gospel when He was on earth, as of His Zique, and credit should have been given that evidently true ever to be removed thus distinguished journal. radically from the pages of history. If, proclamation of it to him, PAUL, after He CHRISTIANrry TODAY is sorry for these un­ then, we caunot reject the supernatural had risen from the dead, when He ap­ intentional mistakes and expresses its sin­ element and retain the rest, what remains peared to him on the road to Damascus. cere regret to the parties concerned. for us to do? One thing and one thing only remains-that we should accept the whole, that we should accept the miracles and accept JESUS' stupendous claims. Ministerial Changes James Steenson, to Winnebago, Minn.; When we take that step, everything in Presbyterian Church U. S. A. E. E. DeLong, Roxana, Ill. to Wood River, Ill.: early Christian history falls into its Jesse E. Agams, Ossian, Ind. to Litchfield, Ill.; Calls Samuel Harris to Burns, Ore.; Rex. Stowers Clements, Associate Pastor Fifth proper place. The beginnings of the James G. Robinson, Ph.D., Oliphant, Pa. to First Avenue Church, New York, N. Y. ; Christian Church, which before seemed to Church, Lewisburg, Pa.; Francis M. Dowlin, Ocean City, Md. to East L. S. Hall, to Littleton, Colo. W1liteland Church, Frazer, Pa.; be a mass of contradictions, a jumble of W. M. Bigham, Sturgis, Ky. to Paris, Tenn.; Calls Accepted G. W. Jones, Savannah, Tenn. to Huntland, kaleidoscopic changes, become the inevit­ J. D. McGregor, Watertown, N. Y. to Cato and Tenn.; Meridian, N. Y.; H. J. Hasch to Danville, Ill.: able result of one stupendous faCt; and William T. MCKinney, West Chester, O. to Main George E. Muran, Sandy Lake-Fairfield-New Street Church, Petersburg, Ind.; Leban, Pa. group to Knox Church, Detroit, the histol'ian wonders at the blindness R. H. Rolofson, Royal Oak, Mich. to First Mich.: Church, Astabula, 0.;· Frank M. Weston, D.D., First Church, Geneva, with which he formerly groped for the William J. G. Carruthers, Chestnut Level, Pa. N. Y. to become Executive Secretary of to Faith Church, Baltimore, Md. Rochester Presbytery; solution of a problem to which the key Frank R. LeFever, Ashaland, N. J. to Light Street Church, Baltimore, Md.: lay so ready to hand. There is really no Laurence R. Waddell, Assistant First Church, Changed Addresses Baltimore, Md. to Chestnut Grove and Ash­ Arthur T. Davies, 6851 Halliday Ave., Oakland, other solution. A great building was land Church, Baldwin, Md.; Cal.: 18 CHRISTIANITY TODAY May, 1931

A. T. Clark, Caledonia, N. Y.; C. H. Williamson, First Church. Lexington, Mo.; Robert. G. McKay, M.A., St. Paul's Church, .:J. L. Millings, Danvers, Ill.; F. X. Vv"'ilson, to Harrisuurg, K. C.; Prmce Albert, Sask., Feb. 26; Gordon R. Conning, 1545 Berkeley Rd., Enlporia, F. B. Est~s, Walhalla, .'S. C. to Orangeburg, Prescott W. Murray, Barney's River, etc., N. S., Kans.; S. C.; Feb. ; Andrew S. Taylor, Wanakena, N. Y.; D. J. Currie, De Funiack Springs, Fla. to Edisto W. D. Grant Hollingworth, First Church, Prince G. E. Albright, Wiers dale, Fla.; Island, S. C.; Rup6:rt, B. C., March; Hugh Smith, Amoret, Mo.; .. E. C. Grunshaw, D.D., Sulphur Springs, Tex. to Stuart A. Woods, Beamsville, Ont., March 19; W. J. McBean, 4187 Winona Court, Denyer, Ft. Valley and Perry, Ga. ; A. Raeburn Gibson, B.D., Knox Church, Mitchell, Colo.; J. D. McPhail, Demopolis, Ala. to Henry Me­ Ont., March 27; H. J. Hasch, 2330 N. Halsted, Chicago, Ill.; morial Church, Dublin, Ga.; Samuel H. Hill, Klnburn, Torbolton, and Paken­ ..John Armstrong, White Pigeon, Mich.; G. C. Bidwell, Barstow, Tex. to Crosbyton, Tex.; ham, Ont., March 27; M. E. Morse, EI Dorado, Ill.; J. V\"', Gregg, Crosbyton, Tex. to Balmorhea, Walter Moffatt, Fingal, Ont.; Daniel H. Rohrabaugh, 940 Grandyiew Ave., Tex.; John Keir Geddie Fraser, D.D., Alberton, P. Westfield, N. J.; W. R. Hall, D.D., Manhattan Church, EI Paso, E. I. William R. Bennett, D.D .• Williamstown, Mass.; Tex. to Corsicana, Tex.; Harry C. White, 1117 Woodruff AYe., Hillside, J. B. McCall, D.D., Eastminster Church, El Paso, Resignations N. J.; Tex. to Sanderson, Tex.; .:James D. McCaughtry, D.D., Crane, Mo. S. J. McMurry, D.D., Bartell, Tex. to Van Horn, G. C. Little, Hanover and Ayton, Ont.; Tex.; J. Beecher Snider, Fenelon Falls, Ont.; W. C. Smith to Chinquapin, N. C.; Alex. Shepherd, Burgoyne and Dunblane, Ont.; Installations David Shepperson, Corsicana, Tex. to Eldorado, W. A. MacMilliam, Southampton, Onto Kenneth B. Carson, Garden Memorial Church, Ark. ; Washington, D. C.; . J. A. Christian, D.D., Tupelo, Miss. to First Deaths Ralph W. Orr, Libby, Mont., April 26; Church, Baton Rouge, La.; ·Charles A. Hunter, Worthington, 0., April 21 ; E. F. Lothery to Second Church, Baton Rouge, Robert McDerment, M.A., Bournaiville and New­ La.; tonville, Ont., April 15 ; H. J. Noding, Lansing, Ia., April 22; T. B. McCorkindale, D.D., Port Dover, Ont., Harold J. Ockenga, Point Breeze, Pittsburgh, Harry A. McBath, KnOXVille, Tenn. to Milden, Feb. 3; . Pa., May 8; Wesley and Campbell Memorial Churches, S. B. Rohold, F.R.G.S., Haifa, Palestine, Feb. 14 ; Lewis Westphal, Brentwood, Pa., April 19; Sharps, Va.; W. W. Craw, Ph.D., St. Andrew's, PetrOlia, Ont., -Claude Saunders, Ripley, 0., May 27; F. H. Chapman, Blakely, Ga. to Mt. Vernon, March 8; William B. Bonham, Farmersburg, Ind., May 6; Ga.; John A. James, Ailsa Craig, Ont., March. E. D. Byrd, Cythiana, Ind., March 31; B. A. McIlhany to Hartsville, S. C.; Roland C. Propst, A Yoca, Ia., May 5 ; Henry Rankin, Walterboro, S. C. to Summerton, Rudolph G. Riemann, Andrew Church, Minne­ S. C. apolis, Minn., April 30; Victor B. Nelson, Aldrich AYe. Church, Minne­ Changed Addresses United Presbyterian Church apolis, Minn., April 17; D. R. Greenhoe, Glade Spring, Va.; B. McAllister Griffiths, Hollond Memorial John Campbell, Look-out Mountain, Tenn. Calls Church, Phila., Pa., April 21; Weayer K. Eubank, Ninth Church, Phila., Pa.; J. A. Mahaey to Alexis, Ill.; Joseph A. Howard, Grace Church, Montgomery, Ordinations W. T. Mabon to Second Church, Springfield, O. Pa., March 12; Kelsey Regen, COVington, Ky.; Lewis S. Hall, Littleton, Colo., March 31; H. W. Alexander, Carlisle, Ky.; Richard M. Mussen, Honeoye Falls, N. Y., June 8 ; J. Walton Stewart, Atlanta, Ga.; Calls Accepted Arthur T. Clark, Caledonia, N. Y .. May 6 ; G. Sexton Buchanan, Halston, Tenn, Presbytery, F. N. Crawford, Bovina Centre, N. Y. to Middle­ -George C. Van Artsdalen, Victor, N. Y., April 19 ; May 3; town, 0.; Richard H. Selway, Red Lake Falls, Minn., Malcolm P. Calhoun, as Assistant-Pastor Bream R. F. French to Clifton, O. May 13; Memorial Church, Charleston, W. Va.; ·George J. Dewitt, First Memorial Church, Dover, Harry Petersen, Jr., Cedartown, Ga.; N. J., May 7; Cecil Thompson, Marietta, Ga. Inductions R. W. Radliff; Aurora, Mo., April 15. Hugh Smith, Amoret, Mo., April 15; Installations E. G. Williams, D. D.. Stated Supply, West­ minster, Ia.; / Resignations W. T. Palmer, D.D., Manning, S. C.; E. J. Roberts, Stated Supply, Caledonia and R. S. Illingworth, Gahanna, 0.; W. M. Crofton, Rose Hill Church, Columbus, Arlington, Wis. .John A. Eby, D.D., Wilshire ChurCh, Los An­ Ga.; geles, Cal.; W. T. Pearman, Dawson, Ga.; Fred R. Dent, Millyale, Pittsburgh, Pa.; J. C. Bridges, Pelzer, S. C.; Resignations .:Joel B. Hayden, D.D., Fairmount Church, Cleve­ W. O. Nelson, Jackson and Norwood, La. A. C. Douglas, Sterling, Kans., April 14; land, 0., April 1; W. R. Laurence, New Concord, 0.; Austin B. Dickerson, Calvary Church, Highland Resignations D. H. Decherd, Federated Church, Elmira, Ill., Park, Pa.;. . April 15; Stanley V. Bergen, Union Tabernacle Church, H. L. Saunders, Lee's Summit, Mo.; S. M. McConnell, West Side Church, Monmouth, Phila., Pa.; T. H. Spence, Rocky River, N. C.; Ill. William A. Hallock, Grace Church, Rochester, G. F. Patterson, Graham and Pocahontas, Va.; N. Y. to take effect June 30, 1931; L. F. Kinney, Rural Retreat, Va.; Deaths .James W. Marty, Ph.D .. First Church, Hacketts- S. O. Hall, Moorefield, W. Va. town, N. J.; Robert H. Hume, D. D., Springfield, 0., April 14. John N. McGinley, D.D., Baxter Springs, Kans.; Deaths .John N. Hanes, Arapahoe, Colo.; W. G. Hall, Kingman, Kans.; John S. Wood, Forest City, N. C. ; A. R. Griggs, Howard, Kans. Byron Clark, D.D., Salsbury, N. C.; J. D. Deans, Mooresville, N. C.; Reformed Church in America Cary F. Moore, Lexington, Ky. Deaths Calls William J. Seelye, Washington, D. C., March 27 ; Nelson Van Raalte, Holland, Mich. to Wynant­ 'Charles H. Boovilette, Riverside, Cal., April 16; skill, N. Y. ; David E. Platter, E. Cleveland, 0.; J. R. Euwoema, Alton, Ia. to Hope Church, Los .:Joseph K. Freed, Beatyestown, N. J., April 5; Presbyterian Church in Canada Angeles, Cal.; Antonio J. Redrigtiez, IgnaCio, Colo. A. Linnemann, Scotland, S. D. to Willow Lake, Calls S. D. William Moore, Windsor, Onto to Brussels, Onto ; George Extence, Hull, Que. to Cote des Neiges Calls Accepted Presbyterian Church U. S. Church, Montreal, Que.; Cornelius Dykhuizen to Schoharie, N. Y.; Daniel MacVicar, Thorburn, N.S. to New Lon­ G. DeMotts, Lynden, Wash. to Hope Church, Calls don and Clifton, P. E. I.; Sheboygan, Wis. John Riddell, Millbrook, Onto to First Church, ,c. L. Nisbet, Norton, Va. to First Church, St. St. Mary's, Ont.; Alban's, West Va.; John Logan Vencta, Knox College, Toronto to Installations Wallace Alston to Rock Spring Church, Atlanta, St. Giles Church, Ottawa, Ont.; Ga. (declines); Agnew H. Johnston, M.A., Knox College, Tor­ Gerret John Wullschleger, New Paltz, N. Y .. John MacEachern, Columbia, S. C. to Whitmire, onto to Walkerton, Onto (declines). March 18. S. C.; W. S. Smythe to Troy, Ky. Deaths Calls Accepted Charles W. Kinney, Schuylerville, N. Y., April Calls Accepted Walter McCleary, Cochrane, Onto to Westmount, 11. Edmonton, Alta.; B. C. Bell, D.D.. to Westminster Church, Shreve­ Norman F. Sharkey, Presbyterian College, port, La.; Montreal, Que. to Sonya, Cresswell, and J. E. Wayland to Kanawha-Salines and Putney, Wick, Ont.; W. Va.; Hilton R. Campbell, Ph.D., Brigden, Onto to Reformed Church in U. S. R. E. Eberly, Sharps, Va. to First Church, Wil­ Knox Church, Windsor, Ont.; liamson, W. Va. : James Alan Munro, Knox College, Toronto, Onto Calls Thomas B. Gallaher, Comanche, Tex. to Com­ to Rosetown, Sask. merce, Tex.; C. A. Lang, Culver, Ind. to Austintown, 0.; C. E. Sullivan, Columbia, S. C. to Willington, Carl Koephe to St. John's Church, La Crosse, S. C.; Inductions Wis. A. F. Doty, N. Charlotte, N. C. to Lownesville, Andrew Walker, Lloydmunster, Alta., May 12; Calls Accepted Rocky River, Mt. Carmel and Calhoun A. Leslie Howard, Ph.D., Knox Church, George­ Falls, S. C.; town, Ont., Feb. 24; William H. Landis, Hundman, Pa. to Derry, Pa. ; F. W. A. Bosch, Tabernacle Church, Springfield, G. F. Cox, St. Paul's Church, Victoria, B.C., Feb. H. Shinn, IndianapOlis, Ind. to Grace Church, Mo. ; 25 ; Toledo, O. May, 1931 CHRISTIANITY TODAY 19 News of the Church

The Presbyterian League of Faith which would either break down that system League at least one month prior to the time or relegate it to a secondary place. of such meeting. N the midst of renewed discussion of the 3. To oppose changes in' the historic "Auburn Affirmation" engendered by the Initial Members of the League I formula of creed subscription required of llroposals to unite the larger Presbyterian candidates for the ministry and the elder­ Crofton C. Adams, Maple Plain, Minn.; and Reformed bodies in the United States, ship. George D. Adamson, First Church, Bicknell, announcement has been made of the es­ Ind.; William J. Agnew, Deerfield, Ill.; Roy 4. To oppose the attack made by the docu­ tablishment of a Presbyterian League of L. Aldrich, Central Church, Detroit, Mich.; ment commonly called the "Auburn Affirma­ Faith. Declaring its intention to maintain Alexander Alison, Jr., First Church, Bridge­ tion" upon the doctrinal pronouncement of the system of doctrine of the Westminster port, Conn.; Valentine S. Alison, First the General Assembly of 1923, and to insist, Confession, it exists "in opposition to all Church, Springfield, Mass.; Oswald T. Allis, in opposition to that affirmation, that the plans of Church union which would either Westminster Sem., Philadelphia; George full truth of the Scriptures, the Virgin Birth break down that system or relegate it to a Wells Arms, Bedford Church, Brooklyn, N. of Christ, the Substitutionary Atonement, the secondary place." Experienced observers ra Y.; Wilson Aull, Union Sq. Church, Somer­ bodily Resurrection and Miracles of our Lord gard the formation of the league as perhaps ville, Mass.; John S. Axtell, Penney Farms, are essential doctrines of the Word of God the most significant event of the last few Fla.; Alfred S. Badger, Waukesha, Wis.; G. and our Standards. .years in the Presbyterian Church. since it Sydney Barber, First Church, Sunnyside, serves notice that Conservatives are prepared 5. To warn men everywhere that salvation Wash.; Donald G. Barnhouse, Tenth Church, to contend to the last ditch against the in­ is to be obtained not by human merit or Philadelphia, Pa.; Sylvester W. Beach, fiuence of Auburn Affirmation Modernism human effort to please God, but only through Princeton, N. J.; N. S. Becker, Suffern, N. and Indifferentism and for the historic the redeeming work of our Lord and Saviour Y.; L. Carmon Bell, Huron, S. D.; John gospel. It is expected that the formation of Jesus Christ as He is offered to us in the Bendelow, Hot Springs, Ark.; H. W. Bieber, the League will have a profound effect upon Gospel. Church of Covenant, Cynwyd, Pa.; H. Gough the campaign in favor of organic union as 6. To encourage the vigorous defense and Birchby, Pasadena, Calif.; K. A. Bishara, heretofore conducted. The League issued its joyous propagation of the Gospel in its full­ Syrian Church, Brooklyn, N. Y.; Alvin constitution early in May, signed by one ness as it is. set forth in the Westminster Blackwell, Mid. Smithfield, East Strouds­ hundred and fifty Ministers of the Presby­ Confession of Faith on the basis of Holy burg, Pa.; Conrad Bluhm, Bald Eagle terian Church in the U. S. A., who are the Scripture. Church, Mill Hall, Pa.; Walter P. Boardman, initial sponsors of the organization. Among Wright Mem. Church, Barnegat, N. J.; Ray­ Article III. Membership them are included some of the best-known mond I. Brahams, First Church, Laguna names in the Church. Ministers of the PresbyteI:ian Church in Beach, CaUf.; B. J. Brethouwer, Thayer, In order that the Church at large may be the U. S. A. if they are in full accord with Neb.; Marcus A. Brownson. Southern Pines, informed concerning the league and its spon­ the objects of the Association, shall be N.C.; Roy T. Brumbaugh, First Church, sors, CHRISTIANITY TODAY herewith reprints eligible to membership. Tacoma, Wash.; Walter Duncan Buchanan, the constitution and the list of original New members shall be proposed by a Com­ Broadway Church, New York City; David signers. mittee on Membership, after careful con­ DeForest Burrell, First Church, Williams­ This constitution has been sent to each sideration and after a statement to the effect port, Pa.; D. M., Butt, Huron, S. D.; J. S. ordained Minister in the Northern Church, that they are in accord with the objects of Butt, W. Kishacoquls Ch., Belleville, Pa.; with a postcard enclosed for his signature, if the League as set forth in Article II. Candi­ William M. Carle, Twenty-nine Palms, Calif.; he so desires. The League is aimed to be an dates thus proposed shall be received into William Carter, Throop Ave. Church, Brook­ effective instrument for drawing all real con­ membership if they receive a four· fifths vote lyn, N. Y.; David S. Clark, Bethel Church, servatives in the church together for the of the members present at any meeting of Philadelphia, Pa.; Robert L. Clarke, Jr., maintenance of the faith. The constitution the League. First Church, Indiana, Pa.; William G. follows: Clark-Duff, Duryea Church, Brooklyn, N. Y.; Article IV. Officers Philip H. Clifford, First Church, Boston, The Officers of the League shall be a Presi­ Mass.; Seth C. Craig, Union Church, New­ Constitution of the Presbyterian dent, three Vice-Presidents and a Secretary­ burgh, N. Y.; Samuel G. Craig; Princeton, Treasurer, all of whom shall be elected to N. J.; Louis B. Crane, Westminster Church, League of Faith serve for one year. These officers shall Elizabeth, N. J.; Walter A. Creason, Charles­ constitute the Executive Committee. Article I. Title town, Ind.; R. W. Crichton, First Church, Nunn, Colo.; I. L. Crooks, Muddy Creek The name of the Association shall be "The Article V. Meetings Church, Khedive, Pa.; Edgar Crossland, Presbyterian League of Faith." The League shall meet at least once a Woodstock Church, New York City; Oscar year. Meetings may be called ,by the Execu­ L. Daley, ISlip, Long Island, N. Y.; Frederic Article II. Objects tive Committe, which shall notify the mem­ A. Dean, Second Church, East Liverpool, 0.; The objects of this Association shall be: bers at least two weeks in advance of the Joseph S. De Rogatis, West New Brighton, 1. To maintain loyalty to the Bible as the time of meetings. N. Y.; Otto Dietrich, First German Church, Word of God in opposition to denials of its Orange, N. J.; J. M. L. Eckard, Barton, Md.; full truthfulness. Article VI. Amendments WaIter E. Edmonds, First Church, Glendale, 2. To maintain the Reformed or Calvinistic This Constitution may be amended by a Calif.; Frank R. Elder, Church of Covenant, system of doctrine as it is set forth in the four-fifths vote of those who are present at Cincinnati, 0.; George M. Elsbree, Chelsea Confession of Faith of the Presbyterian any meeting of the League provided that the Church, Atlantic City, N. J.; Paul D. Church in the U. S. A. as it appears in 1931 proposed amendment shall have been pre­ Elsesser, French Church, New York City; in oppOSition to all plans of church union sented in writing to the members of the Edwin S. Evans, Arlington, Kansas; Robert 20 CHRISTIANITY TODAY May, 1931

W. Evans, Greely, Colo.; Robert E. Flick­ Institute, New York City; John T. Reeve, inger, Rockwell City, Iowa; Robert G. Frey­ South Church. Syracuse, N. Y.; EdWin H. Both Overtures Pass tag, Valley German Church, Orange, N. J.; Rian, Westfield, N. J.; Andrew Richards, T ATEST advices from the office of the Gen­ Albert Dale Gantz, Williams bridge Church, Harlem Church, New York City; Charles L. L eral Assembly, Presbyterian Church in New-YorkEJUy; John- R.-Gass, Albuquerque, Richards, Poynette, Wis.; Parke Richards, the U. S. A., show that Presbyteries have New Mex.; Charles F. Geiger, First Church, Lawrenceville, N. J.; C. F. Robinson, Mon­ voted upon the overtures as follows: Over­ Raymond, S. D.; B. M. Gemmill, Neshaminny roe, N. Y.; J. Millen Robinson, New York ture A (On the Permanent Judicial Com­ Church, Hartsville, Pa.; Arthur H. Giles, City; Walter Rothwell, Churdan, Iowa; mission) Yes, 156, No, 63, No Action, 14" Mora, Minn.; Lawrence B. Gilmore, Inde­ George J. Russell, Second Church, New York Overture B (On the rescinding of Constitu­ pendent Church, Morristown, N. J.; Im­ City; Charles Schall, Wayne, Pa.; Joseph A. tional Rule No.1, respecting Local Evangel­ manuel Gittell, Los Angeles, Calif.; Francis Schofield, Jr., Gouverneur, N. Y.; Clarence ists) Yes, 166, No, 67, No Action, 5. Since L. Goff, Rock Hill Church, St. Louis, Mo.; Beecher Scoville, Amagansett, L. I., N. Y.; an affirmative vote of one hundred and forty­ Henry P. Gray, Mechanicsville, Iowa; H. George E. Sehlbrede, South Amboy, N. J.; seven Presbyteries is necessary for adoption, McAllister Griffiths, Hollond Mem. Ch., Frank E. Simmons, Spencer Mem. Ch., it will be seen that both of these overtures Philadelphia, Pa.; Norman B. Harrison, Brooklyn, N. Y.; John E. Slater, Nat. Bible have been· adopted, and will become a part Oliver Church, Minneapolis, Minn.; John Institute, New York City; Joseph G. Snyder, of the law of the church when the returns S. Howk, Evansville, Ind.; Frank A. Hunger, Olivet Church, Brooklyn, N. Y.; Frank H. are made known to the forthcoming Gen­ Spring St. Church, New York City; W. Rus­ Stevenson, Princeton., N. J.; Maurice P. eral Assembly. sell Hunter, Donnellson, Iowa; Robert Scott Stoute, Second Church, Portsmouth, 0.; Paul Inglis, Third Church, Newark, N. J.; Milo F. J. Strohauer, Hamilton Square, N. J.; F. Jamison, Los Angeles, Calif.; Frederick W. Lanson Suetterlein, Whippany, N. J.; John Johnson, Newark, N. J.; Edward H. Jones, H. Thompson, Goodwill Church, Montgomery, Overture from Denver Gettysburg, Pa.; J. Russell Jones, Scottsville, N. Y.; David B. Tomkins, Second Church, HE Presbytery of Denver, at its April Kansas; E. A. Junkin, Okmulgee, Okla.; N. Princeton, ·N. J.; J. Montgomery Travis, T meeting, adopted an overture asking the B. Kelley, Denver, Colo.; D. S. Kennedy, Denver, Colorado; Thomas Tyack, Hights­ 143rd General Assembly to sever the con­ Wayne, Penna.; Marchant A. King, New· town, N. J.; Henry M. Tyndall, Peoples Tab­ nection between the Presbyterian Church in burgh, N. Y.; George Korteling, Cent. Park ernacle, New York; H. G. Vorsheim, Central the U. S. A., and the "Federal Council of Church, Cedar Rapids, Ia.; James E. S. Lah­ Church, Portsmouth, 0.; Hugh Walker, Churches of Christ in America." It is cer­ man, Amistad, New Mex.; Harold S. Laird, First Church, Ridgebury, N. Y.; Warren R. tain that when the overture is before the Collingswood, N. J.; Orville R. Lamper, Ward, Westminster Church, Philadelphia, Assembly it will lead to vigorous debate. Hanna City, Ill. ; A. L. Lathem, Third Pa.; S. M. Ware, Seattle, Wash.; Walter Vail Thousands of Presbyterians are opposed to Church, Chester, Pa.; George H. Lee, Port­ Watson, Seneca Church, Stanley, N. Y.; the Church's continued association with the land, Oregon'; George A. Leukel, Kennett Thomas N. Weaver, Germonds Church, Modernist-controlled "Federal Council." The Square, Pa.; Robert R. Littell, Tioga Church, Spring Valley, N. Y.. ; H. Clare Welker, Presbytery of Denver also advised its Philadelphia, Pa.; L. Craig Long, Benedict Brighton, Colorado; A. Forest Wells, North­ churches to divert the .2% of their benev­ Mem. Ch., New Haven, Conn.; Frank Lukens, minster Church, Baltimore, Md.; A. L. Whit­ olence funds from the Federal Council to First Church, Burlington, N. J.; Clarence E. field, Gallum Church,' Pinckneyville, Ill.; D. the Boards of the Church. Macartney, First Church, Pittsburgh, Pa.; Forest Williams, Oak Hill, Ohio; Charles J. J. Gresham Machen, Westminster Sem., Woodbridge, First Church, Flushing, N. Y.; Philadelphia, Pa.; Allan A. MacRae, West­ Henry M. Woods, Ventnor, N. J.; W. Clarence minster Sem., Philadelphia, Pa.; Thos. W. , Wright, Birmingham, Mich.; John C. Young, Lane Seminary Abandonment Malcolm, Mt. Olivet Church, Brooklyn, N. Seattle, Wash. Blocked by Court Y. ; Clarence A. Marshall, Community The Rev. Walter Duncan Buchanan, D.D., T ANE THEOLOGICAL SEMINARY, whicb Church, Yoder, Wyo.; Albert A. Martin, Minister of the Broadway Presbyterian .l..J has been located in Cincinnati, Ohio, Hopewell Ch., Thompson Ridge, N. Y.; Mark Church, New York, is President of the for more than 100 years, will continue t() A. Matthews, First Church, Seattle, Wash.; League. The Vice-Presidents are, The Rev. function as a seminary, if an opinion handed F. Paul McConkey, Immanuel Church, De­ David De Forest Burrell, D.D., Minister of down in Common Pleas Court by Judge troit, Mich.; J. C. McConnell, Miller Mem. the First Presbyterian Church of Williams· Charles S. Bell on April 21, is not upset by Church, Upper Darby, Pa.; D. H. McCullagh, port, Pa.; The Rev. O. T. Allis, D.D., Pro­ appeal. Turlock, Calif.; Will V. McGee, Cottage fessor of Old Testament in Westminster Grove, Ore.; J. K. McGillivray, Waterloo Theological Seminary, and The Rev. Samuel Judge Bell held that as the result of testi­ Church, Polk, Pa.; Arthur A. McKay, Rum­ G. Craig, D.D., Editor of CHRISTIANITY mony adduced before him in a hearing, sev­ son, N. J.; Frederick N. McMillin, Walnut TODAY. The Secretary-Treasurer is the Rev. eral months ago, the seminary had not failed' Hills Church, Cincinnati, 0.; Walter F. Mc­ Albert Dale Gantz, Minister of the Williams­ in its origInal purpose, and that it had 'not Millin, Knox Church, Minneapolis, Minn.; bridge Presbyterian Church, of New York. become extinct, despite contentions to the Harmon H. McQuilkin, First Church, Orange, contrary. He also ruled that the court had N. J.; John C. Monsma, Oostburg, Wis.; no jurisdiction to authorize the seminary Arien J. Muyskens, East Orange, N. J.; A Parable in Action trustees to abandon it and endow scholar­ John F. Nicholas, Graniteville, Vermont; ships in the Chicago Theological Seminary. HE parable of the talents has been Wm. P. Nicholson, Glendale, Calif.; Dwight The institution dates back to 1829, ·when· adopted as a working principle in the L. Parsons, Little Silver, N. J.; W. B. Pater­ T the Legislature of the State of Ohio created' Cuyaba church, Brazil, and with good re­ the theological institution "for the education' son, First Church, Winchester, 0.; E. Edwin sults. Every six months each member is of pious young men for the gospel ministry... · Paulson, First Church, Foley, Minn.; Russell given a certain sum of money from the In December of that year Elnatban Kemper" Paynter, Memorial Church, St. Louis, Mo.; church treasury to be used as each one de­ James Kemper, Sr., Peter H. Kemper and T. Roland Philips, Arlington Church, Balti­ cides for himself. The earnings as well as David R. Kemper and their wives deeded the' more, Md.; George P. Pierson, Philadelphia, the principal are then brought in at the end property to the seminary. Pa.; Mebane Ramsay, Calvary Ch., W. New of a six weeks' period. The number of those Brighton, N. Y.; E. G. Randal, First Church, who gain nothing with the money entrusted This deed provided that, if the pllirpose of' Vashon, Wash.; B. Allen Reed, Nat. Bible to them is very small. the seminary failed, or if it became extinct,. May, 1931 CHRISTIANITY TODAY 21

the property was to revert to the American has concluded that it has no authority -or byterian Church, Philadelphia, as follows: Board Society, the American_ Tract Company, jurisdiction to authorize these trustees to "The Presbytery of Philadelphia convened the American Colonization Society and the change the name or abandon the theological in its regular monthly meeting May 4, 1931, American Education Society. In the event institution in Hamilton County," the opin­ desires to express to the General Assembly that-any--ef-these-secieties-als€)- were extinct, ion concluded. meeting in Pittsburgh, May 28 to June 3, the property then was to revert to any chari­ Following the receipt of the judgment of its profound disapproval of that portion of table religious institution selected by the court, it was announced that Lane Semi­ the report to be submitted to the Assembly General Assembly of the Presbyterian nary would re·open in the fall as usual. by its Commission on Marriage, Divorce and Church. Remarriage in which the Commission en" For many years the seminary flourished, dorses birth control by contraceptive methods. and men who carried the gospel to the four corners of the world were its graduates. Of The Report on "Birth Control" "It is the opinion of this Presbytery that late years the enrollment has fallen off and OTH the Church and the World have the adoption of this declaration would bring bad times have overtaken the school. B been stirred by the portion of the re­ deserved criticism and odium upon our -be" port of the Commission on Marriage, Divorce About a year ago the trustees filed a peti­ loved church." and Remarriage which deals with "Birth tion asking for instructions as to what they It will be remembered that a year ago, Control." The Commission was appointed by were to do. They favored abandonment of when the Commission desired to alter the the 1929 Assembly. Its report to the 1930 the school and the establishment of scholar­ Confession so that marriages with Roman" Assembly was handled somewhat roughly by ships in the Chicago institution which was ists should be allowed by the standards, a that body, but the Committee was permit­ formally known as "McCormick Seminary." protest was adopted by the Presbytery of ted another year of life. The report to the It was claimed on behalf of the American Philadelphia against making any change. 1931 Assemly has to do with Marriage, Colonization Society, that the seminary had This protest originated with Dr. Bell, who Divorce, Remarriage, Birth Control and failed in its purpose and that therefore the later carried his point on the floor of the proper sex"education both of Ministers and property should be turned over to the other Assembly. The Presbytery of Philadelphia people. Section II, which deals with Birth societies mentioned in the deed. has instructed its Commissioners to vote Control, has been widely commented upon. against approval of the section of the reo Discussing the matters that were brought It is as follows: to its attention during the hearing, Judge port dealing with Birth Control. "Earnest Christian people are asking for Bell wrote: "Since the .establishment of this the Church's guidance on the subject of Birth institution in 1829, there has been a great Control. This subject demands attention to­ increase in the number of theological insti­ day as never before. Economic conditions The "War Questionnaire" tutions available to students preparing for and a worthy standard of living clearly make the Presbyterian ministry, and there has HE number of 12,076, or 62 per cent of a it wrong to bring children into the world been a proportionate decrease in the past total of 19,327 who responded to a ques" without adequate provision for their nurture T twenty-five or thirty years in the number of tionnaire sent to 53,000 ministers, have ex" and proper consideration for the health of enlistments of young men for such training. pressed the opinion that the churches of the mother. A number of such institutions in the country America should go on record as refusing to have become more efficient for the purposes "The Christian conception of sex clothes sanetion or support any future war. 10,427- for which Lane Seminary was created, and the relationship between husband and wife or 54 per cent have stated that their present this has been due largely to the fact tlf.:tt cer­ with spiritual significance, sanctifying mar­ purpose is not to sanction any future war tain other colleges have received large in­ riage as a divine institution. Moral con­ or participate as an armed combatant. comes and generous gifts, which have been trol is the basic essential to a worthy expe" The Questionnaire was sent out by S. denied Lane Seminary. rience of the marriage relation. Parkes Cadman, Harry Emerson Fosdick, _"By reason of curtailed revenue, this in­ "In expressing its judgment on this sub­ Daniel A. Poling, W. Russell Bowie, John stitution has reached a financial status ject, the Church in no sense modifies its Nevin Sayre, Ralph W. Sockman, Reinhold where there is in the neighborhood of about condemnation of sex relations outside of Niebuhr, Kirby Page, Sherwood Eddy and $20,000 per annum for its upkeep; and be­ marriage. William Pierson Merrill. - cause thereof the institution has generally "Two methods are possible in securing The suinmaries published are those of re­ deteriorated until the buildings are out of birth control. The first is continence. The plies from 19,372 clergymen. While most of repair, the professors are underpaid, and the second is the use of contraceptives. When them made either affirmative or negative student body has decreased greatly. At the this method is adopted in seeking the worthy answers some were in doubt and a small time of the hearing, there were less than 20 objectives stated above, it should only be in number failed to answer one or more of the in the student body at the seminary. The fidelity to the highest spiritual ideals of the eight questions of the document. future prospects of the institution presents a Christian home." A summary of the replies to the questions dismal picture; the institution probably will follows: have fewer students and less money than at The second general recommendation of the Commission is as follows: "The Commis" the present time. Do you fa VOl' the immediate entrance of the sion recommends that the General Assembly "Disposing first of the disputed fact in the United States into the League of Nations? adopt the report concerning birth control Yes, 12,709. No, 3,060. case, the court has concluded that Lane coutained within this Commission's report Semfnary has not failed or become extinct." above as expressing the attitude of our Do you favor military training in our public Taking- up the second matter before him, Church upon this intimate and all important high schools and civilian colleges or uni­ Judge Bell said: "The trustees propose to subject." versities? Yes, 2,574. No, 16,018. sell the property; create a legal entity to be The Presbytery of Philadelphia, at its Do you favor substantial reductions in known as the Lane Seminary Foundation; April meeting overwhelmingly adopted a armaments even if the United States is with the funds establish proper endowments, strong memorial to the forthcoming As" compelled to take the initiative and make scholarships and fellowships in the Chicago sembly concerning this report. The me­ a proportionately greater reduction than Theological Seminary. morial was moved by the Rev. George B. other nations -are willing to do? Yes, "After a careful consideration, the court Bell, D.D., of the Patterson Memorial Pres" 15,449. No, 2,702. 22 CHRISTIANITY TODAY May, 1931

Do you believe that the policy of armed in­ City; Rev. John Clover Monsma, author of liefs and administration in circular letters tervention in. ,other lands, by our govern­ The StOl'Y of The Church. The subject for to members of the Tennessee, Mississippi, ment to protect the lives and property of discussion is ."the five most Significant Alabama and Louisiana synods, which sup­ American citizens should be abandoned events in Christian history, excepting only port the school. Memphis pastors said the and·proteetive efforts confined to pacific the life and ministry of Jesus." The discus· synods, through their power to elect the col­ means? Yes,12,017. No, 3,899. sion must be limited to one thousand words. lege's directors, could oust Dr. Diehl if the Do you believe that the churches of America The judges will select the seven best papers proposed Presbytery trial did not develop or should now go on record as refusing to on the basis of literary quality and the argu­ resulted in acquittal. ments adduced, and will award to the authors sanction or support any future war? Yes, Dr. Diehl has denied the charges and has the following prizes: First prize, $50.00; 12,076. No, 4,723. asserted his faith in the essential tenets ot Second prize, $30.00; Third prize, $20.00; the church. Are you personally prepared to state that it Fourth prize, $10.00; Fifth, Sixth and Sev­ is your present purpose not to sanction enth prizes, $5.00 each. any future war or partiCipate as an armed combatant? Yes, 10,427. No, 5,801. The contest closes June 30th, 1931, and announcement of the awards will be made Days of Prayer and Fasting Could you conscientiously serve as an army not later than September 1st, 1931. No in the Southern Church chaplain on active duty in wartime? Yes, manuscripts will be returned. 8,700. No, 6,628. HE Rev. Thomas W. Currie, D.D., T moderator of the General Assembly of Do you regard the distinction between "de­ the Presbyterian Church in the U. S., has fensive" and "aggressive" war as suffi­ Heresy Charges Preferred sent the following letter to the several Pres­ ciently valid to justify your sanctioning or Against Dr. Diehl byteries of the Church: "From several participating in a future war of defense? sources suggestions have come that our Yes, 8,316. No, 7,130. ACTION on a proposed heresy trial for Dr. Church should have a Day of Prayer and 1'\. Charles E. Diehl, president of South­ The questionnaire was sent out to many Fasting for God's blessing upon us. The western College, Memphis, has been post­ ministers of the Presbyterian and Reformed suggestions are that we ask for guidance poned by the Presbytery of Nashville, Pres­ Churches, Methodist Episcopal, Protestant into an evangelistic spirit that will enable byterian Church in the U. S. At the same Episcopal, Congregational, Baptist, Disciples us to discharge our full duty to our genera­ time attacks on his orthodoxy were made in of Christ, United Brethren, Evangelical, Uni­ tion, both at home and abroad. A second letters to the synods of four states. tarian and Universalist bodies. suggestion which keeps coming is that we The Nashville Presbytery voted to wait may seriously undertake the financing 'of Among· those who said' they would not until its meeting on September 29, before our work. Because these calls keep coming, sanction "any future war .or participate as deciding whether to try Doctor Diehl. Eu­ I dare to suggest that each Presbytery at its an armed combatant'; were Harry ,Emerson gene T. Hollins, Nashville, a member of the spring meeting initiate processes as its own Fosdick, Ralph W. Sockman,OW. ,Russell Presbytery, asked that Dr. Diehl be tried, wisdom may suggest for calling the churches BowIe and ReillholdNieb)lhr of New ,yqrk; preferring charges that he did not believe in within its bounds to a Day of Prayer and William L. Stidger,.Boston; Bernard Iddings the full inspiration of the Scriptures. Fasting for God's guidance. This can be Bell, Annandale; 1;lishop PI).1,\1 Jon,es, Yello,w done very happily in connection with the It is charged that Dr. Diehl does not "be­ Springs, and A. Ray Petty, Kansas City. call that is being issued by our Home Mis­ lieve in the full inspiration of the Scriptures Among those 'who held that the churches sion Cemmittee in Atlanta for a period of as contained in the Holy Bible, which is prayer in connection with the spring meet­ should not go on record as refusing to sanc­ against the peace, lmity, and purity of the ings of Presbyteries." tion or support any .future war ,we,re Billhop church and the honor and majesty of the Stires, of Long, Island, S. Parkes, Cadman, Lord Jesus Christ as the King and Head I. M. Haldeman, New, York. thereof." In denominational comparisons, the Epis­ A similar accusation was made recently The Presbyterian Church in Canada copal clergy stood at one' extreme, with 49 by eIE"'en· Memphis pastors, but the board N Dalhousie, N. B., the congregation has per cent against absolute condemnation of of directors of the school conducted a hear­ I entered upon the possession of a new war, ,and with 70 per cent willing to serve as ing and declared Dr. Diehl to be, "sound in church after a long and trying experience. chaplains. Ministers of the Evangelical the faith."· The congregation, however, has held together Syno.d, ,at the .opposite pole, showed 69 per The boardaiso voted approval of his ad­ splendidly and their courage and faith have cent condemning any war, and 49, per c,e,nt mi"nistration, wi'th 11 pastors having charged been rewarded. Sunny Corner, N. B., is stating that they would be un\yilling .to him with· "reckless extravagance." another place that has rejoiced in comple­ serve as chaplains. tron of a new building. A fine new church Between now and the fall" meeting a has been added to the number in the city special committee will study the question of Hamilton. This is known as the West· and prepare a recom!llendati()n as to' the ad­ Essay Contest, on dale' Church, in a new suburb of the city. It visability of a trial. The committee will be provides accommodation for 450 with pro· Christian History compose<;l of three Ministers and two elders. vision for expansion. It has a beautiful pipe O-INCIDENT with the publication of While the Presbytery was considering the organ, the gift of a gentleman deeply inter­ estedin the work. It also has a fine bell. C The Story of The Ohurch, by John matter, the Rev. J. P. Robertson, in Mem­ Clover Monsma, Rae D. Henkle, publisher, phis, and Dr. W. S. Lacy, director of the A congregation that has developed rapidly church's educational activities in Missis­ of 381 Fourth Avenue, New York, has an­ is Central Presbyterian Church; Brantford, sippi, disclosed that they had renewed an at­ nounced a contest for the best essay on the one of the industrial cities in central On­ tack on Dr. Diehl which had already resulted five most significant events in the history of tario. The congregation was organized in in an expression of his views. Christianity. The Judges are: Dr. Daniel February, 1925, with a handful of members A. Poling, President of the United Society Mr. Robertson who, with ten other Mem­ from each of the three minority groups. The of Christian Endeavor; Dr. Walter Russell phis pastors charged Dr. Diehl with heresy, membership is now 841. Two years after Bowie, Rector of Grace Church, New, York has more recently criticized Dr. Diehl'S be- organization the Congregational Church was May, 1931 CHRISTIANITY TODAY 23

purchased and this has been entirely re­ ously before the presentation of the peti­ absent but nearly all Welsh members op­ modelled and is one of the most beautiful tion." posed it, as did most of the Scottish mem­ edifices belong to the Church_ Accommoda­ ,The Rev. Mr. Lang said that few com­ bers save for those from the Clyde districts, tion for the Sunday School has proved so petent doctors would care to certify any notoriously radical in their social views. inadequate-that-mlvantage-has- been'-taken of person as permanently insane after five The bill does not legalize motion pictures facilities provided by the Y. W. C. A. across years of continuous insanity. throughout England, but rather provides for the street. One satisfactory feature is that a system of "local option" by which any the congregation is entirely free of debt and "There can be no value in the pledge to county may decide to have Sunday perform­ has regularly met its Budget allocation. take for better or worse if five years of incurable illness is to be the basis' for break­ ances by a vote of its council. The act will In Grace Church, Calgary, there is a iilg it down," he continued. not apply to Ireland or Scotland. strong congregation under the capable lead­ ership of Rev. James McNeill, who came to "I suggest that this is a bill for which the Church from New Zealand. A thank there has been no real public demand from offering taken by this congregation toward the general body of quiet people who live The Thirty-nine Artic:les Defended the close of the year when $5,000 was asked happily with each other, who if adversity HE "Church Association" of the Church exceeded that amount by $250. comes thank God for power to comfort and T of England has issued a strong mani­ help each other, and who will never give up festo regarding the proposal to abolish sub­ One of the smaller congregations in To­ hope for the restoration of sanity and of ronto, which recently welcomed Rev. J. A. scription to the "Thirty-nine Articles" as peace and happiness to their homes. Berlis as their minister, responded splen­ reported in the last issue of CHRISTIANITY didly to his appeal to reduce the floating "Those people, who are the salt of the TODAY. The statement is as follows: earth, do not want this bill. It is desired debt. A circular letter was the .means "The Council of the Church Association by a few eclectics and people like that. adopted in soliciting contributions. These desires to make public the following state­ were handed to Mr. Berlis personally and "I havo had hundreds of letters since the ment, in view of the suggestion made to the he received the sum of $1,400. High Park last motion, but I regret to say that the National Assembly of the Church of Eng­ congregation, Toronto, was the recipient of overwhelming majority of them could be' land, that subscription to the Thirty-nine two contributions, the gift of two ladies, put in two files under the headings 'lust' and Articles should no longer be required of can­ $1,000 and $4,000 respectively; for the com­ 'finance'-the one consisting of people whose dfdates for ordination:· pletion of the tower. - only thought is sexual satisfaction, and the "1. The Articles are the most important In the foreign field the Church recently other people 'who object to pay contributions standard of doctrine in the Church of Eng­ completed in the Gwalior Mission an indus­ to their wives or mothers and think they land. In 1865 when the terms of clerical trial school. This means a splendid addition would be relieved' of that if this bill was subscription were modified the Articles re­ to the missionary equipment and will be of passed." tained their primary position in the Declara­ great service in training youths for indus­ tion of Assent; and while the obligation trial pursuits. upon newly appointed incumbents to 'read A grave disappointment was recently ex­ Sunday "Movie" Bill themselves in' by reading the whole morn­ perienced by the veteran miSSionaries, Dr. Passes British House ing and evening services as well as the· and Mrs. Goforth. They were on their way Articles, was relaxed, the obligation to read HILE kneeling thousands outside to their field in Manchuria, when at Winni­ the Articles was retained. So binding is this prayed for defeat of the bill legaliz­ peg eye-trouble experienced by Dr. Goforth W requirement of the law that a clergyman ing Sunday movies and other amusements in compelled their return. In Toronto he sub­ though duly presented, admitted, instituted Great Britain, the House of Commons late mitted to an operation and there is every and inducted, who did not 'read himself tn' in April passed the measure, 258 to 210, on prospect of restoration of sight. by public recitation of the Articles, would its second reading. find his appointment null and void in law. A barrage of prayer was raised by ardent. "2. A fundamental principle in the Con­ Sabbatarians while debate on the movie bill stitution is the maintenance of 'the Protes­ Insanity as a Ground for was in progress. A huge prayer meeting tant Reformed Religion established by law.' was organized by the Lord's Day Observance Divorc:e Rejec:ted in England Now the Articles of 1562-3 were brought to Society in a nearby hall to synchronize with their present form and agreed upon and im­ NCURABLE insanity as a ground for the debate and as division time approached posed by the authority of Church and State divorce was rejected by the British most of those attending repaired to Parlia­ I in the year 1571, as their title informs us, House of Commons by 148 votes to 114 when ment Square and formed groups for prayer. it considered a bill which Holford Knight, for the avoiding of diversities of opinion and Labor member, sought to introduce. Some of these groups gathered about the the stablishing of consent touching true re­ statute of Oliver Cromwell, great puritan ligion. Therefore any tampering with the Last year the House, by an overwhelming leader of the Seventeenth Century, which Articles involves a grave Constitutional issue majority, gave permission to introduce a stands on the parliamentary precincts. affecting not only all members of the Church similar bill. There ardent prayers were offered for the of England, but every citizen. intervention of God and the defeat of the "If it gets on the statute book," said the "3. The contention that the Articles -are Bill which is aimed to remove the nation­ Rev. Mr. Gordon Lang, a nonconformist 'out of date' and too much concerned with wide ban on Sunday amusements. minister who belongs to the Parliamentary the controversies of the sixteenth century is Labor Party, it will be a first and very long The parties were mixed up in extraordi­ untenable. The principal concern of the step toward companionate marriages." nary manner in the lobbies when the vote was Articles is with the main doctrines of Chris­ There were only two speeches on the bill. taken on the measure. Prime Minister Ram­ tianity, the essentials of the Gospel, which Introducing it, Mr. Knight said it was pro­ say McDonald and the Conservative leader,­ are unchangeable divine truths. The con­ posed to add to the grounds of divorce "the Stanley Baldwin, for once found themselves troversies with which the Articles deal are ground that the ~"nt has been incur- in the same lobby, voting for the bill. Most at bottom the same that confront the Church ably .- so certified for other Conservative leaders and all the Minis­ to-day, seeing that the errors they correct years continu- try voted for it. David Lloyd George. was spring from the permanent tendencies of the 24 CHRISTIANITY TODAY May, 1931

human mind to corrupt the Word of God by This action diRestablishes the former na­ Following the singing of "For all the adding to it or subtracting' from it. The real tional church, bnt compensates it by state saints, who from their labors rest," prayer reason for the attack upon the Articles is financial aid. was offered by the Rev. Cornelius Van Til, not that they are antiquated, but that they Ph.D., and the Benediction was pronounced pre-ciseIymeet and refute-present-day Anglo­ by the Rev. Prof. Paul Woolley, Th.M. Romanism on the one hand, and so·called 'Modernism' on the other. The Archbishop Goes to Palestine The Commencement Exercises EADERS of CHRISTIANITY TODAY will "The Church Association calls upon all note with interest that the informal ob­ At 8 P. M. of the same day, Commencement those to whom the revealed truths of Holy R jections of the Vatican to the proposed visit Exercises were held in Witherspoon Hall, Scripture and the maintenance of our Na­ of the Archbishop of Canterbury to Palestine with the Rev. C. E. Macartney, D.D., tional Protestantism are dear to rally to the did not prevent the visit. The Archbishop presiding. Following the Processional defence of the Thirty-nine Articles of Re­ arrived in Jerusalem in April, and spent Hymn, "Crown Him with Many Crowns," and ligion, which all of our clergy from the Friday and Saturday, April 17th and 18th the singing of the long Metre Doxology, the highest to the lowest have of their own free visiting both Christian and Moslem holy presence of God was invoked by the Rev. will solemnly declared to be agreeable to places, including the Church of the Nativity Chas. Schall, D.D., Minister of the First the Word of God." at Bethlehem, where he was received by Presbyterian Church of Wayne, Pa. All Greek Orthodox and Armenian ecclesiastical then sang: leaders; the Garden of Gethsemane, the sub­ I love Thy kingdom, Lord, The Church of England terranean Crusaders' Chapel in the old city The house of Thine abode, near the Church of the Holy Sepulchre, the The Church our Blest Redeemer saved, Approaches the "Free Churches" Opthalmic Hospital, and the new· Scottish With His own precious blood. HE Archbishop of Canterbury has ad­ War Memorial Hospital. The Scripture was read by the Rev. Wm. T dressed a letter to the Rev. Charles On Saturday afternoon the Archbishop and P. Fulton, D.D., Moderator of the Presbytery Brown, D.D., as Moderator of the Federal his party visited the Mosque of Omar, where of Philadelphia. Prayer was offered by the Council of the Evangelical Free Churches of the mufti and sheiks received them. Rev. Henry M. Woods,. D.D., of Ventnor, N. Great Britain, inviting the Council to ap­ J., a Minister and Foreign Missionary of the point representatives to meet representatives Due to delicate political and religious con­ Southern Presbyterian Church. of the Church of England in conference on ditions, the representatives of the Eastern The commencement address was then de­ the questions· of Cooperation and Reunion. Churches have confined themselves to in­ livered by the Rev. Stewart P. MacLennan, The Archbishop expresses his eagerness for formal receptions to Dr. Lang. Rome must D.D., Minister of the First Presbyterian the resumption of the conversations begun not be insulted too openly! Church of Hollywood, California. He de· after the Lambeth Conference of 1920, and livered an eloquent discourse upon "The believes that misunderstandings may thus Philosophy of Paul's Calling," which will be be removed. He repeats Resolution 44 of the Westminster Commencement reported more fully in the next issue of recent Lambeth Conference, which clearly CHRISTIANITY TODAY. looked forward to the probable renewal of OMMENCEMENT activities at West­ the former conferences. The letter of the C minster Seminary began on Sunday Following the address, certificates of grad.;" Archbishop will be brought before the an­ afternoon, May 10, 1931, with the preaching uation were awarded to four students com­ nual meetings of the constituent members of of the Baccalaureate sermon to the students. pleting graduate work, and thirteen seniors the Federal Council, and the various The Service was held in the Seminary who had met the exacting requirements of Churches will be asked to appoint represen­ chapel. The preacher was the Rev. J. the regular course. tatives, if they desire to take part in further Gresham Machen, D.D., Litt.D., Professor of Announcement 'of awarding of the student conversations. New Testament, who, in the intimate fellow~ prizes was then made. The William Brenton ship of the gathering brought home to the Greene, Jr., Prize in Systematic Theology . students their solemn responsibility as Min· was awarded to Mr, Alexander Kay Davisoy., isters of Christ and His Gospel. The Benjamin Breckinridge Warfield Prize Prussian Evangelicals On Tuesday, May 12, at 3:30 P. M., an in Old Testament was awarded to Mr, Gerard Accept Disestablishment impressive Memorial Service for the late Hallock Snell. The William Brenton Greene, Jr., Prize in Apologetics was awarded to Mr. HE Synod of Prussian Evangelical Professor Robert Dick Wilson was held in C~rl Curtis McIntire. T Churches has accepted a concordat Witherspoon Hall, Philadelphia. Dr. Machen which in effect gives independence to the . presided. The first hymn: The address to the graduating class was delivered' by Dr. Machen. Following the former State church, whose titular head Give me the wings of faith to rise until 1918 was the German Emperor, and Within the veil, and see hymn: The saints above, how great their JOYs, puts it on the same basis as the Roman Ye Christian heralds, go proclaim How }>right their glories be. Catholic Church in Prussia. By virtue of a Salvation through Emmanuel's Name; similar concordat two years ago the Roman was followed by the Invocation, offered by To distant climes the tidings bear, And plant the Rose of Sharon there .. Church receives 2,800,000 marks (about John Murray, Th.M., .Instructor of System­ $672,000), annually. atic Theology in the Seminary. The Scrip­ the benediction was pronounced by the Rev. ture was read by Professor N. B. Stonehouse, David DeForest Burrell, D.D, Westminster The vote was one hundred and sixty-six Th.D. Addresses in memory of Dr. Wilson Seminary thus closed its second successful in favor of the pact and forty-seven against. were delivered by the Rev. H. H. McQuilkin, year, growing, encouraged and trusting in The concordat, which was submitted by the D.D., who told of Dr. Wilson "At Western;" the continuing mercy of God, It will be a Prussian State, must be ratified by the Prus­ source of gratification to all supporters of sian diet. The Rev. Prof. O. T. Allis, D.D., "At Prince­ ton and Westminster;" Philip E. Howard, the Seminary to know that its graduates are There was considerable argument over the Esq., President of the Sunday School rapidly being called-for 1:>" ",,,, "rhes that de­ political clause whereby Prussia reserves the Times Co., on "Dr. Wilson and the sire men of a high t,.. - --- "'lJ • "... -'\1 and right to veto appointments of high ecclesias­ Layman;" the Rev. Clarence E. Macartney, with the thorol·JW 841. Two ;';"-... ; '1- tical dignitaries for reasons of state. D.D,., on "Dr. Wilson and the Minister." minster's facu'''' Congl1egational Church" ~