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The Cell Surface Phenotype of Human Dendritic Cells

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The Cell Surface Phenotype of Human Dendritic Cells Seminars in Cell & Developmental Biology 86 (2019) 3–14 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Seminars in Cell & Developmental Biology j ournal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/semcdb Review The cell surface phenotype of human dendritic cells a,b,∗ a,b b,c a,b Georgina J. Clark , Pablo A. Silveira , P. Mark Hogarth , Derek N.J. Hart a Dendritic Cell Research, ANZAC Research Institute, Concord, NSW, Australia b Sydney Medical School, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia c Inflammation, Cancer and Infection, Burnet Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia a r t i c l e i n f o a b s t r a c t Article history: Dendritic cells (DC) are bone marrow derived leucocytes that are part of the mononuclear phagocytic Received 11 September 2017 system. These are surveillance cells found in all tissues and, as specialised antigen presenting cells, direct Received in revised form immune responses. Membrane molecules on the DC surface form a landscape that defines them as leu- 14 December 2017 cocytes and part of the mononuclear phagocytic system, interacts with their environment and directs Accepted 10 February 2018 interactions with other cells. This review describes the DC surface landscape, reflects on the differ- Available online 27 March 2018 ent molecules confirmed to be on their surface and how they provide the basis for manipulation and translation of the potent functions of these cells into new diagnostics and immune therapies for the Keywords: clinic. Cell surface molecules © 2018 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. Monoclonal antibodies DC subsets DC phenotype CD molecules Contents 1. The history . 4 2. Molecules identifying human DC subsets. .4 2.1. Blood DC (BDC) . 4 2.1.1. cDC1 . 6 2.1.2. cDC2 . 6 2.1.3. pDC . 6 + 2.1.4. CD16 DC . 6 + + 2.1.5. AXL SIGLEC-6 (AS) DC. .6 2.2. Lymphoid tissue DC. .6 2.3. Tissue DC. .6 2.4. In vitro derived DC. .6 3. Differentiation . 7 4. Molecules common to all leucocytes . 7 5. Molecules common to the MPS . 7 6. Molecules involved in surveillance, antigen uptake, and presentation . 7 6.1. Pathogen Associated Molecular Pattern (PAMP) receptors . 7 6.2. Scavenger receptors . 7 6.3. Complement receptors . 7 6.4. Toll-like receptors . 8 Abbreviations: CD, cluster of differentiation; CTLD, C-type lectin-like domains; CLR, C-type lectin receptor; DC, dendritic cell(s); GVHD, graft versus host disease; HLA, human leucocyte antigen; HLDA, human leucocyte differentiation antigen; Ig-SF, Ig superfamily; ITIM, Immunoreceptor Tyrosine Inhibitory Motif; ITSM, Immunoreceptor Tyrosine based Switch Motif; LC, Langerhans cells; Ly, lymphocyte; mAb(s), Monoclonal antibody(ies); MHC, major histocompatibility complex; MLR, mixed leucocyte reaction; MPS, mononuclear phagocytic system; PAMP, Pathogen Associated Molecular Pattern; TLR, toll-like receptor. ∗ Corresponding author at: Dendritic Cell Research, ANZAC Research Institute, Gate 3 Hospital Road, Concord, NSW 2139, Australia. E-mail address: [email protected] (G.J. Clark). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.semcdb.2018.02.013 1084-9521/© 2018 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. 4 G.J. Clark et al. / Seminars in Cell & Developmental Biology 86 (2019) 3–14 6.5. Immunogenic cell death receptors . 8 6.6. Dead cell receptors and phagocytic receptors . 8 6.7. Purine and pyrimidine receptors . 8 6.8. Fc receptors . 8 6.9. Adhesion molecules . 8 6.10. Migratory molecules . 8 6.11. Antigen presentation molecules: HLA class I and class II molecules . ..
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