Latvijas entomologs 2007, 44: 11-14. 11

New Records of Nematoceran Flies (Diptera) from Latvia

JUKKA SALMELA *, NOORA-ANNUKKA VARTIJA

* Corresponding author: Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, P.O. Box 35 (YAC4), FIN-40014 Finland; e-mail: [email protected]

SALMELA J., VARTIJA N.-A. 2007. NEW RECORDS OF NEMATOCERAN FLIES (DIPTERA) FROM LATVIA. – Latvijas entomologs, 44: 11-14.

Abstract: A total of 25 species of nematoceran flies (Diptera: Tipulidae 5 species, Limoniidae 12, Pediciidae 4, Cylindrotomidae 1, Ptychopteridae 1, Psychodidae 1 and Pleciidae 1) were collected during a trip in Latvia in the end of May 2006. The following species were collected from Latvia for the first time: Tipula submarmorata SCHUMMEL, Tipula grisescens ZETTERSTEDT, Idioptera pulchella (MEIGEN), Ormosia loxia STARÝ, Dicranota bimaculata (SCHUMMEL), Triogma trisulcata (SCHUMMEL), Clytocerus ocellaris (MEIGEN) and Penthetria funebris MEIGEN. Distribution and ecology of the species are briefly discussed.

Key words: Nematocera, fauna, Latvia.

Introduction took place in a moist forest characterized by Alnus glutinosa (L.) GAERTN. and Thelypteris Diptera or two-winged flies is one of the palustris SCHOTT. most species rich insect orders in the World. In 24.05.2006 - Limbaži Distr., Melku lcis the Palaearctic region circa 40300 species are camping area, a brook characterized by known and new species are continuously relatively swift flow, sandy and stony bottom discovered. The occurrence of dipteran species and mosses like Fontinalis antipyretica HEDW., in many European countries is still incompletely Amblystegium fluviatile (HEDW.) SCHIMP. and known, although some families may be better Conocephalum conicum (L.) DUMORT. Riparian investigated than others. In Latvia, which is part forest was dominated by Tilia, Populus and of the hemiboreal region, craneflies (Tipulidae Betula and herb-rich bottom layer. sensu lato) and some nematoceran families with 25.05.2006 - Limbaži Distr., Sveiku
i, lakeshore similar ecological demands (that is, wetland with meso-mesoeutrophic mire vegetation inhabiting species predominate) have not been (Scorpidium scorpioides (HEDW.) LIMPR., under systematic research. For example, only a Calliergonella cuspidata (HEDW.) LOESKE, few papers have dealt with Latvian craneflies, Calliergon cordifolium (HEDW.) KINDB. and C. these being mainly taxonomic in their scope giganteum (SCHIMP.) KINDB.). This locality is in (Lackschewitz 1925, 1927, Spuris 1995) the vicinity of the Sveiku
i camping area. 27.05.2006 – Riga Distr., emeri National Park Materials and Methods [this is a very large area, you should specify an exact site], a small brook surrounded by In the end of May 2006 the authors made a deciduous trees. short collecting trip to Latvia. Due to the early Other localities are shortly presented in the season the number of collected species was context of the collected species. quite low. Still, some flies new for Latvian fauna were found. Results of our collecting are All material was collected with a sweep presented here, including information on the net by the authors unless otherwise indicated. distribution and ecology of the species. Flies were immediately stored in 70% ethanol and later identified to species using a Collecting localities and habitats: stereomicroscope. All material was determined 24.05. 2006 - Limbaži Distr., Randu p
avas by the first author. Species marked with * are protected nature area. Most of our collecting new for Latvian fauna. If not otherwise stated,

12 New Records of Nematoceran Flies (Diptera) from Latvia distribution data is obtained from (1990) the species is known form Latvia. http://ip30.eti.uva.nl/ccw/index.php for Epiphragma (Epiphragma) ocellare (LINNAEUS, craneflies and http://www.faunaeur.org for other 1760) families. 24.05.2006, 1 ind., Melku Lcis. This saproxylic cranefly species (Brindle 1967) has a Review on species widespread distribution in Europe. * Idioptera pulchella (MEIGEN, 1830) Tipulidae 24.05.2006, 1 ind., Randu p
avas. Widespread Nephrotoma pratensis (LINNAEUS, 1758) in Europe and common and widespread in 25.05.2006, 4 ind., Sveiku
i, camping area, L. Finland (Salmela 2006). The larvae of the Mikonranta & J. Torniainen leg. A widespread species were associated with Sphagnum mosses species in Europe. The species is an inhabitant in Lithuania (Podeniene 2004). of fields, wastelands and sandy soils Phylidorea (Phylidorea) bicolor (MEIGEN, (Oosterbroek 1979). 1804) * Tipula (Pterelachisus) submarmorata 24.05.2006, 1 ind., Randu p
avas; 24.05.2006 1 SCHUMMEL, 1833 ind., Melku Lcis. The species is distributed 25.05.2006, 1 ind., Sveiku
i. A widespread over northern and central Europe and occurs in species in Europe. In Finland T. submarmorata swampy forests and vegetation rich lake shores occurs in moist forests and around brooks and in Finland (Salmela 2006). lake shores (Salmela 2006). Erioptera (Erioptera) sordida ZETTERSTEDT, Tipula (Pterelachisus) varipennis MEIGEN, 1818 1838 24.05.2006, 1 ind., Randu p
avas, Baltic coastal 25.05.2006, 1 ind., Sveiku
i. Widespread in meadow, A. Eloranta leg; 27.05. 2006 1 ind., Europe, widespread and common in moist emeri National Park. A widespread species in habitats in Finland (Salmela 2006). Europe, very common in deciduous forests and Hoplolabis (Parilisia) vicina (TONNOIR, 1920) moist habitats in Finland (Salmela 2006). 24.05.2006, 1 ind., Melku Lcis. A widespread Tipula (Pterelachisus) pseudovariipennis species in Europe, larvae are associated with CZIZEK, 1912 flowing water (Godfrey 1999). 25.05.2006, 1 ind., Sveiku
i, camping area, L. Limnophila (Limnophila) schranki Mikonranta & J. Torniainen leg. A widespread OOSTERBROEK, 1992 species in Europe. A rare and poorly known 24.05.2006, 7 ind., Melku Lcis; 27.05. 2006 1 species in Finland, collected only from two ind., emeri National Park. Very widespread in localities (Salmela 2006). Red-listed in Great Europe. In Finland the species is quite common Britain, probably a species of moist, in brooks and rapids (Salmela 2006). broadleaved forests (Falk 1992) Molophilus (Molophilus) ater (MEIGEN, 1804) * Tipula (Savtshenkia) grisescens 26.05.2006, numerous ind., Engures Lake ZETTERSTEDT, 1851 Nature Park, lake shore forest with rich 25.05.2006, 1 ind., Sveiku
i, camping area, L. vegetation. Widespread in Europe. Very Mikonranta & J. Torniainen leg. A relatively common in moist environments in Finland widespread species in Europe, a subalpine (Salmela 2006). species in Switzerland (Dufour 1992). The Ormosia (Ormosia) depilata EDWARDS, 1938 species occurs throughout Finland in springs 27.05.2006, 1 ind., emeri National Park. and cold headwater streams (Salmela 2006). Widespread in Europe and common species in wetlands and forests in southern Finland Limoniidae (Salmela 2006). Cheilotrichia (Empeda) cinerascens (MEIGEN, Ormosia (Ormosia) lineata (MEIGEN, 1804) 1804) 24.05.2006, 3 ind., Melku Lcis. Widespread in 24.05.2006, 4 ind., Melku Lcis. Cheilotrichia Europe. A common wetland species in Finland cinerascens is widespread in Europe and (Salmela 2006). common in moist environments in Finland * Ormosia (Ormosia) loxia STARÝ, 1983 (Salmela 2006). According to Karpa et al. 24.05.2006 3 ind., Melku Lcis. The species is

Latvijas Entomologs 2007, 44: 11-14 13 known from Czech Republic, Finland, dependent on semiaquatic mosses (Brindle Germany, Slovakia, Switzerland and Lithuania. 1967). In Finland O. loxia is a rare and southern species collected from two localities, perhaps Ptychopteridae associated with forest brooks (Salmela 2006). * Ptychoptera contaminata (LINNAEUS, 1758) Metalimnobia (Metalimnobia) quadrimaculata 27.05.2006, 1 ind., emeri National Park, L. (LINNAEUS, 1760) Mikonranta leg. A Holarctic species, in Europe 25.05.2006, 1 ind., Sveiku
i, camping area, L. mainly in the central and northern parts. Larvae Mikonranta & J. Torniainen leg. Widespread in of Ptychoptera live in mud bottom, shallow Europe, occurs also in the Nearctic region, ponds (Andersson 1997). larvae infest fruiting bodies of fungi (Yakovlev 1994). Psychodidae * Clytocerus ocellaris (MEIGEN, 1818) Pediciidae 24.05.2006, 1 ind., Melku Lcis. European * Dicranota (Dicranota) bimaculata species, apparently the distribution is still poorly (SCHUMMEL, 1829) known. Eurytopic, very common species in 27.05.2006, 1 ind., emeri National Park. wetlands in Finland (Salmela 2006). Relatively widespread in Europe, common around springs and brooks in Finland (Salmela Pleciidae 2006). * Penthetria funebris MEIGEN, 1804 Tricyphona (Tricyphona) immaculata (MEIGEN, 24.05.2006, numerous ind., Randu p
avas; 1804) 25.05.2006 numerous ind., Gauja National Park. 27.05.2006, 1 ind., emeri National Park. The This flightless, velvety black species was very species is widespread in Europe and very abundant in both localities. Both sexes were common in wetland habitats in Finland (Salmela observed walking in the bottom layer and within 2006). coarse detritus of moist, broadleaved forests. Tricyphona (Tricyphona) unicolor (SCHUMMEL, Two species of the genus are known from 1829) Europe but the other species is found only once 25.05.2006, 1 ind., Sveiku
i. Widespread from Germany and probably imported from the species in Europe. In Finland associated with Nearctic region (Fitzgerald & Werner 2004). In swampy shores of brooks and meso-eutrophic Sweden the species is red-listed (NT) and mires (Salmela 2006). presumed to be threatened due to decline of Ula (Ula) sylvatica (MEIGEN, 1818) spruce mires (Gärdenfors 2005). Some authors 24.05.2006, 1 ind., Melku Lcis. Widespread classify Penthetria funebris classified to family species in Europe, larvae are associated with Bibionidae (Skartveit 1997, Fitzgerald & fruiting bodies of fungi (Yakovlev 1994). The Werner 2004). species is probably reported from Latvia by Gimmerthal (1842). Discussion

Cylindrotomidae During a short trip to Latvia in the end of * Triogma trisulcata (SCHUMMEL, 1829) May 2006 several interesting species and new 27.05.2006, numerous ind., emeri National species for the regional fauna were found. Park, an eutrophic fen near the lake Kaieris Apparently, the knowledge of nematoceran shore, characterized by Scorpidium spp, families covered in the present paper is far from Plagiomnium elatum (BRUCH & SCHIMP.) complete. For example, in the neighbouring T.J.Kop. and Cladium mariscus (L.) POHL. The country Lithuania 307 cranefly species species is known from central and northern (Tipulidae, Limoniidae, Pediciidae and Europe. The species is local in Finland, most Cylindrotomidae) are known while only 173 in records are from eutrophic lake shores, Latvia, including the species reported here. A eutrophic fens and Baltic coastal meadows systematic sampling of flies from wetlands and (Salmela 2006). Larvae of the species are forests should yield dozens of species new for

14 New Records of Nematoceran Flies (Diptera) from Latvia

Latvia. literature records. – Dipterists Digest 6: 63-82. Acknowledgements Karpa A., Lapina I., Melecis V., Spungis V., Sternbergs M. 1990. Environmental We would like to show our sincere thanks Pollution by Slurry from Pig-breeding to a group of biologists from the University of Farm. Rga: Zintne: 237 pp. (in Russian). Jyväskylä, Syrinx society, for such a cheerful Lackschewitz P. 1925. Neue Limnobiiden und field company in Latvia in May 2006. Special Tipuliden aus dem Ostbalticum. – thanks to M.Sc Panu Halme due to carrying out Arbeiten des Naturforscher-Vereins zu most of the planning of the trip and rigorous Riga 16: 3-15. leadership. Lauri Mikonranta, Jyrki Torniainen Lackschewitz P. 1927. Diagnosen neuer and Antti Eloranta collected some flies for us. Limnobiiden (Diptera) aus dem Jouni Penttinen gave valuable comments to the Ostbalticum. –Korrespondenzblatt des manuscript. Dr. Voldemars Spungis gave Naturforscher-Vereins zu Riga 59: 1-11. information on the occurrence of certain species Oosterbroek P. 1979. The western Palaearctic in Latvia. species of Nephrotoma MEIGEN, 1803 (Diptera, Tipulidae), part 2. – Beaufortia References 28: 57-111. Podeniene V. 2004. Records on little-known Andersson H. 1997. Diptera Ptychopteridae, larvae of Idioptera pulchella (MEIGEN, Phantom Crane Flies. – In: Nilsson, A. N. 1830) (Diptera, Limoniidae, (ed.). Aquatic Insects of North Europe – A Limnophilinae). – Acta Zoologica Taxonomic Handbook. Vol. 2. Apollo Lituanica 14: 37-41. Books, Stenstrup: 193-207. Salmela J. 2006. Ecology, distribution and Brindle A. 1967. The larvae and pupae of the redlist status of craneflies, phantom British Cylindrotominae and Limoniinae. midges, mothflies, meniscus midges and –Transactions of the Society for British trickle midges in Finland (Diptera, Entomology 17: 151-216 Nematocera). Preliminary report. Privately Dufour C. 1992. High altitude Tipulidae in published: 75 pp. (in Finnish, English Switzerland (Diptera, Nematocera). – Acta summary). zool. cracov. 35: 113-134. Skartveit J. 1997. Family Bibionidae. 2.5. – In: Falk S. 1992. A review of the scarce and Papp, L. & Darvas, B. (eds.): threatened flies of Great Britain (part 1). – Contributions to a manual of Palaearctic Research and survey in nature Diptera (with special reference to flies of conservation 39: ……….. economic importance). Nematocera and Fitzgerald S.J., Werner D. 2004. A key to the lower Brachycera. Budapest: Science Penthetria MEIGEN (Diptera, Bibionidae) Herald, 2: 41-50. of Europe and the first record of Spuris Z. 1995. Some data about the crane flies Penthetria heteroptera (SAY) from the (Diptera, Tipulidae) in Latvia. – Latvijas Palaearctic region. – Studia dipterologica entomolo
ijas arhvs 1: 12-13 (in 11: 207-210. Latvian). Gärdenfors U. (ed.) 2005. The 2005 Red List of Yakovlev E.B. 1994. Palaearctic Diptera Swedish Species. ArtDatabanken, SLU, associated with fungi and Myxomycetes. Uppsala (in Swedish). Karelian Research Centre, Russian Gimmerthal B.A. 1842. Ubersicht der Academy of Sciences, Forest Research Zweiflugler (Diptera Ln.) Lief- und Institute, Petrozavodsk: 127 pp. (in Kurlands. - Buletin de la Societé Imperiale Russian, English summary). des Naturalistes de Moscou 15: 639-659. Godfrey A. 1999. A review of Diptera from Received: September 1, 2006. exposed riverine sediments based on