Pendle Profile

2015

Prepared by Adam Pearson Infusion Research On behalf of Pendle Council [email protected]

01282 661614 www.infusion.org.uk October 2015 Contents

1 Summary ...... 4 1.1 People and populations ...... 4 1.2 Deprivation ...... 4 1.3 Housing ...... 4 1.4 Education ...... 5 1.5 Adult health ...... 5 1.6 Children’s and young people’s health ...... 6 1.7 Economy and employment ...... 6 1.8 Community safety ...... 7 1.9 Transport and the environment ...... 7 2 People and Populations...... 8 2.1 Population Change ...... 8 2.2 Population Projections ...... 8 2.3 Population by ward ...... 9 2.4 Age ...... 9 2.5 Gender ...... 11 2.6 Marital status ...... 11 2.7 Religion ...... 12 2.8 Ethnicity ...... 12 3 Deprivation ...... 14 4 Housing ...... 16 4.1 Household spaces ...... 16 4.2 Household types ...... 16 4.3 Household tenure ...... 17 4.4 Household size ...... 18 4.5 House prices ...... 20 4.6 Council Tax bands ...... 21 5 Education ...... 23 5.1 Key Stage 4 / GCSEs ...... 23 5.2 Attainment and Free School Meals ...... 24

2 5.3 Attainment and gender ...... 24 5.4 Attainment and ethnicity ...... 25 5.5 Attainment and Special Educational Needs ...... 26 5.6 Attainment by secondary school ...... 26 5.7 Qualifications of people of working age ...... 27 6 Adult Health ...... 28 6.1 Life expectancy ...... 28 6.2 Lifestyle ...... 28 6.3 Causes of death ...... 30 6.4 Older people ...... 31 7 Children’s and Young People’s Health ...... 32 7.1 Infant mortality ...... 32 7.2 Lifestyle ...... 32 8 Economy and Employment ...... 34 8.1 Economic activity ...... 34 8.2 Employment by occupation ...... 35 8.3 Employment jobs by industry ...... 35 8.4 Businesses ...... 36 8.5 Job density ...... 36 8.6 Earnings ...... 37 8.7 Out of work benefits ...... 37 9 Community Safety ...... 39 9.1 Total recorded crimes ...... 39 9.2 Types of crime ...... 40 9.3 Perceptions of anti-social behaviour ...... 40 10 Transport and the Environment ...... 41 10.1 Car ownership ...... 41 10.2 Road traffic collisions ...... 41 10.3 Emissions ...... 42 10.4 Household waste ...... 43

3 1 Summary

1.1 People and populations

• This is a position statement on the demographic profile of the Pendle population

• The latest estimate (June 2014) sets the Pendle population at 89,800

• It is projected that the population will reach 94,000 by the mid-2030s

• Pendle has a greater proportion of children and young people than nationally, although this is falling

• Conversely, the over 65 population in the borough is slowly rising and the 60 to 64 age group has increased by 47% between 2001 and 2011

• The number of 30 to 54 year olds living in the borough has fallen over the same ten year period

• 17% of the Pendle population are of Pakistani origin, a much higher proportion when compared to regional and national statistics

• Moreover, the populations of wards in Nelson and Brierfield are made up of as much as 73% Asian or Asian British people, reflecting the diversity in Pendle

1.2 Deprivation

• Pendle is the 38th most deprived area in the country (out of 326 local authorities) based on average Index of Multiple Deprivation scores

• Pendle is less deprived than Blackburn with Darwen, Burnley and Hyndburn

• Pendle is ranked 18th out of 326 authorities if it is based on the proportion of lower super output areas (LSOAs) in the top 10% most deprived nationally

• Of Pendle’s 16 LSOAs in the top 10% most deprived, 12 have experienced a fall in deprivation ranking since 2010 (i.e. less deprived relatively)

• Parts of Southfield and Whitefield have seen their IMD ranking fall significantly

1.3 Housing

• The number of household spaces in Pendle has risen over the 10 years between 2001 and 2011

4 • The proportion of vacant household spaces has reduced from 6.5% to 5.2% in the same period

• Over half (56%) of Pendle’s households are occupying terraced housing, more than double the national average

• In some areas of the Borough, including Vivary Bridge and Bradley, as much as a quarter of households are social rented

• Pendle has double the proportion of households living with no central heating compared to regionally and nationally (6% versus 3%), with nearly one in ten households in the Whitefield ward not having central heating

• House prices in Pendle are less than half the national average, with the Borough’s average house price peaking in 2008 and yet to return to that level

• Three out of five (62%) households in Pendle are in Council Tax Band A, compared to a quarter nationally

1.4 Education

• Pendle has the lowest proportion (44.2%) of students achieving five or more A* to C grades, including English in Maths, of all the districts in Lancashire

• This is lowest in the Brierfield ward (29.3%)

• Like other areas, GCSE attainment is lower for those receiving Free School Meals and with special educational needs status

• Girls are outperforming boys in GCSE attainment in Pendle, although the gap is not as high as some districts

• There is no difference in attainment levels between White British and Pakistani pupils

• Some Pendle secondary schools experienced a noticeable drop in GCSE attainment levels between 2013 and 2014

• Less than a quarter of working age residents in Pendle are qualified to NVQ level 4 or above, which is lower than regional and national averages

1.5 Adult health

• Whilst life expectancy has generally increased over the last ten years, Pendle males and females are still expected to live 1.5 and 1.3 years less respectively than national averages

5 • A lower proportion of Pendle adults are physically active than nationally, whilst a greater proportion are classified as obese

• The prevalence of smoking in Pendle is reducing, but it is still higher than nationally, as is the rate of deaths as a result of smoking

• Health issues associated with older people, such as hip fractures and excess winter deaths, are below the national averages

1.6 Children’s and young people’s health

• Pendle has one of the highest infant mortality rates in the country, which has increased over the last couple of years after previously experiencing a steady reduction

• Pendle has a higher proportion of year 6 children who are obese compared to the England average, and this has been rising steadily since 2009

• Alcohol-related hospital admissions amongst under 18s is higher than nationally but the gap does seem to be reducing

1.7 Economy and employment

• There are fewer working age residents in Pendle considered ‘economically active’ (i.e. in or actively looking for work) compared to regionally and nationally

• Pendle residents are more likely to be in lower graded occupations (such as machine operatives) than elsewhere in the country

• Manufacturing accounts for nearly a third of jobs in Pendle

• The majority (87%) of businesses in the Borough employee less than 10 people

• There are approximately 3 jobs in Pendle for every 5 working age residents, compared to 4 jobs for 5 working age people across the country

• On average, Pendle residents earn £80 less per week than people elsewhere in Great Britain

• Currently, the proportion of working age residents claiming JSA in Pendle is slightly slower than the regional and national averages

• Indeed, there has been a steady decline in the number of residents claiming JSA benefits in Pendle since 2012

6

1.8 Community safety

• Total recorded crime in Pendle is lower than the county average

• The rate of calls to emergency services is also lower in the Borough than the Lancashire average

• Crime levels are highest in Waterside, lowest in Blacko and Higherford

• Perceptions of problematic anti-social behaviour in Pendle appear to be falling

1.9 Transport and the environment

• A greater proportion of households in Pendle have no car compared to the Lancashire average, although this has fallen since 2001

• People killed or seriously injured in Road Traffic Collisions in Pendle is relatively low when compared to elsewhere in the county

• Transport emissions have been reducing in Pendle year-on-year since 2005

• Residual waste per household in Pendle is lower than the national average

• Recycling rates are also lower, although relatively speaking they are in line with the rates seen elsewhere in East Lancashire

7 2 People and Populations

2.1 Population Change

The last Census was undertaken in 2011 and set the population of Pendle at around 89,500. This represents a gradual increase over the previous two Census counts (1991 and 2001). However, the rate of population growth is lower than regionally and nationally.

Population change in an area is usually a result of either a change in the gap between the number of live births and the number of deaths (natural change), or migration patterns between areas.

1991 2001 2011 % change Census Census Census since 1991 Pendle 87,990 89,248 89,452 1.7 Lancashire - 1,134,973 1,171,339 3.2 North West 6,458,782 6,729,764 7,052,177 9.2 England 44,875,946 49,138,831 53,012,456 18.7

The latest population estimate of 89,800 (source: ONS, June 2014) suggests that the number of people living in Pendle has increased slightly since the Census was last undertaken in 2011.

2.2 Population Projections

According to the ONS 2012-based population projections, the Pendle population is set to steadily increase over the next 20 or so years. It indicates that the borough’s population will top 94,000 by 2036. This would represent an increase of 4,300 people (or 4.8%) on the latest population estimate of 89,800.

94.1 93.8 93.5 93.2 92.7 92.0 91.2 90.4 89.6

2012 2015 2018 2021 2024 2027 2030 2033 2036

Note – the numbers to one decimal place are population projections in thousands

8 2.3 Population by ward

There is a relatively even spread of population between the 20 different wards in Pendle when reviewing 2011 Census data.

The most heavily populated ward is Bradley in Nelson with 6,489 people in the community. However, only 62% of the community are of working age, the fourth lowest percentage in the borough.

The smallest ward in Pendle in terms of population is Old Laund Booth with just 1,459 people inhabiting it and 59% of working age. The ward with the largest proportion of working age people in the community is Waterside at 67%.

All Working Working Ward People Age Age % Barrowford 5,043 3,226 64% Blacko and Higherford 1,800 1,116 62% Boulsworth 5,262 3,462 66% Bradley 6,489 4,024 62% Brierfield 4,862 2,987 61% Clover Hill 5,381 3,378 63% Coates 5,445 3,478 64% Craven 5,551 3,652 66% Earby 6,183 3,981 64% Foulridge 1,683 1,115 66% Higham and Pendleside 1,642 1,082 66% Horsfield 5,089 3,286 65% Marsden 3,489 2,189 63% Old Laund Booth 1,459 868 59% Reedley 5,291 3,271 62% Southfield 6,074 3,790 62% Vivary Bridge 5,827 3,655 63% Walverden 3,848 2,296 60% Waterside 5,180 3,469 67% Whitefield 3,854 2,453 64% Total 89,452 56,778 63% 2011 Census

2.4 Age

The age structure of Pendle follows fairly closely to that of Lancashire and England. However, it is clear from the figures below that as an area Pendle has a higher proportion of children, with 21% of the population made up of 0-15 year olds compared to the Lancashire average of 18% and the national average of 19%.

9 The June 2014 population estimates indicate that Pendle’s older population is on the rise, with 18% aged 65 or over compared to 16% in the 2011 Census and 15% in the 2001 Census.

Pendle Lancashire North West England No. % No. % No. % No. % All 89,452 100 1,171,339 100 7,052,177 100 53,012,456 100 0-15 18,324 21 214,383 18 1,324,548 19 10,022,836 19 16-64 56,778 64 745,763 64 4,556,474 65 34,329,091 65 65+ 14,350 16 211,193 18 1,171,155 17 8,660,529 16 2011 Census

The table below shows a breakdown of the population in 5 year intervals, with percentages referring to the change between 2001 and 2011.

The number of children and young people aged 5 to 19 is falling, as is the proportion of working age residents aged 30 to 54. Conversely, the proportion of young adults aged 20 to 29 living in Pendle is increasing.

The number of 60 to 64 year olds in Pendle has increased by 47% over the last 10 years, higher than regionally and nationally.

Pendle Lancashire North West England Age % change % change % change % change 0-4 7.8% 5.1% 9.3% 13.4% 5-9 -11.9% -13.0% -10.6% -4.8% 10-14 -19.4% -13.2% -11.5% -4.6% 15-19 -11.2% 3.5% 4.7% 10.2% 20-24 15.3% 23.7% 25.8% 21.8% 25-29 17.3% 3.6% 12.3% 11.7% 30-34 -6.9% -19.4% -13.3% -7.3% 35-39 -14.0% -15.3% -13.4% -8.6% 40-44 -0.5% 7.5% 9.3% 12.3% 45-49 -4.0% 18.8% 22.0% 24.7% 50-54 -8.1% -4.6% -1.3% 0.5% 55-59 9.6% 4.7% 6.8% 7.6% 60-64 47.0% 34.1% 28.3% 32.6% 65-69 15.6% 18.5% 11.9% 16.4% 70-74 0.1% 7.8% 4.8% 4.9% 75-79 -9.5% 0.8% 0.8% 1.5% 80-84 10.2% 16.7% 12.9% 13.8% 85-89 18.2% 22.6% 19.2% 21.8% 90+ -3.4% 17.5% 21.1% 27.6% 2011 Census compared with 2001 Census

10 2.5 Gender

As can be seen in the following table which comprises of 2011 Census data, the gender split within Pendle reflects very much that of Lancashire, the North West, and England with slightly more females than males.

Pendle Lancashire North West England No. % No. % No. % No. % All People 89,452 100 1,171,339 100 7,052,177 100 53,012,456 100 Males 44,012 49 575,146 49 3,464,685 49 26,069,148 49 Females 45,440 51 596,193 51 3,587,492 51 26,943,308 51 2011 Census

The latest population estimates (June 2014) from the Office for National Statistics indicates that the gender split in Pendle is not changing.

Pendle Lancashire North West England No. % No. % No. % No. % All People 89,800 100 n/a - 7,133,000 100 54,316,600 100 Males 44,300 49 n/a - 3,511,300 49 26,773,200 49 Females 45,000 51 n/a - 3,621,600 51 27,543,400 51 June 2014 ONS Estimates

2.6 Marital status

The proportion of single residents in Pendle is lower than the North West and national splits.

Status Pendle Lancashire North West England Single 31% 32% 36% 35% Married 48% 48% 45% 47% Civil partnership 0.1% 0.2% 0.2% 0.2% Separated 3% 3% 3% 3% Divorced 10% 10% 9% 9% Widowed 8% 8% 8% 7% Census 2011

11 2.7 Religion

The two main religions within Pendle are Christianity (54%) and Islam (17%), with 28% of the population either having no religious affiliation or just deciding not to state their religion.

Religion Pendle Lancashire North West England All People 89,452 1,171,339 7,052,177 53,012,456 Christian 53.7% 68.8% 67.3% 59.4% Buddhist 0.3% 0.2% 0.3% 0.5% Hindu 0.1% 0.5% 0.5% 1.5% Jewish 0.0% 0.1% 0.4% 0.5% Muslim 17.4% 4.8% 5.1% 5.0% Sikh 0.0% 0.1% 0.1% 0.8% Other Religions 0.4% 0.3% 0.3% 0.4% No Religion 21.9% 19.2% 19.8% 24.7% Religion Not Stated 6.2% 6.1% 6.2% 7.2% Census 2011

2.8 Ethnicity

The Pendle population largely comprises of White and Pakistani ethnicities. Compared to national and regional figures, Pendle has a below average proportion of White British residents. 77.2% of people in Pendle are of White British ethnicity which is 2.6% below the national average and 12.5% below the Lancashire average.

17.1% of the Pendle population are Pakistani compared to the Lancashire, North West and England averages of 3.1%, 2.7% and 2.1% respectively.

North Ethnicity Pendle Lancashire England West White British 77.2% 89.7% 87.1% 79.8% White Irish 0.5% 0.6% 0.9% 1% White Gypsy 0.0% 0.1% 0.1% 0.1% White Other 2.1% 1.9% 2.1% 4.6% White and Black Caribbean 0.2% 0.4% 0.6% 0.8% White and Black African 0.1% 0.1% 0.3% 0.3% White and Asian 0.7% 0.4% 0.4% 0.6% Other Mixed 0.2% 0.2% 0.3% 0.5% Indian 0.3% 1.6% 1.5% 2.6% Pakistani 17.1% 3.1% 2.7% 2.1% Bangladeshi 0.4% 0.5% 0.7% 0.8% Chinese 0.3% 0.4% 0.7% 0.7% Other Asian 0.7% 0.4% 0.7% 1.5% African 0.1% 0.2% 0.8% 1.8%

12 Caribbean 0.1% 0.2% 0.3% 1.1% Other Black 0.0% 0% 0.2% 0.5% Arab 0.1% 0.1% 0.3% 0.4% Other ethnic group 0.1% 0.1% 0.3% 0.6% Census 2011

When the Pendle district is broken down, a number of wards have a significant Asian/ Asian British population.

For example, nearly three quarters of Whitefield residents are of Asian or Asian British ethnicity. Indeed, with the exception of Marsden, all wards in the Nelson and Brierfield and Reedley committee areas have an Asian or Asian British population of at least 30%.

White or White British Asian/ Asian British

Barrowford 95% 4% Blacko and Higherford 97% 2% Boulsworth 99% 1% Bradley 49% 49% Brierfield 57% 41% Clover Hill 67% 31% Coates 97% 3% Craven 97% 2% Earby 98% 1% Foulridge 99% 1% Higham and Pendleside 98% 1% Horsfield 98% 2% Marsden 93% 6% Old Laund Booth 98% 1% Reedley 63% 36% Southfield 66% 32% Vivary Bridge 97% 2% Walverden 47% 51% Waterside 91% 7% Whitefield 26% 73%

Census 2011 (note - %s may not equate to 100% as other ethnicities not included in this chart)

13 3 Deprivation

The Index of Multiple Deprivation (IMD) is an overall relative measure of deprivation, produced by the Department for Communities and Local Government. It is constructed by combining seven domains of deprivation according to their respective weights:

• Income Deprivation (22.5%) • Employment Deprivation (22.5%) • Education, Skills and Training Deprivation (13.5%) • Health Deprivation and Disability (13.5%) • Crime (9.3%) • Barriers to Housing and Services (9.3%) • Living Environment Deprivation (9.3%)

Based on the average IMD score in Pendle, factoring in population weighting, it is ranked 38th out of 326 local authorities. In 2010 Pendle was ranked 33rd. Blackburn with Darwen, Burnley and Hyndburn all are ranked higher (more deprived relatively).

Average Rank of average IMD score (out of 326 LAs) IMD score 2015 2015 2010 2007 2004 2000 Pendle 29.62 38 33 44 71 50 Blackburn with Darwen 34.189 15 17 17 34 10 Burnley 36.05 9 11 21 37 46 Hyndburn 32.102 26 34 40 58 51 Ribble Valley 10.185 292 290 302 288 285 Rossendale 23.155 108 98 92 92 80 Indices of Deprivation, DCLG

The Department of Communities and Local Government also rank authorities based on the proportion of lower super output areas (LSOAs) in the top 10% most deprived across the country.

On this basis, Pendle is ranked 18th out of 326 authorities with 16 of its 57 LSOAs in the top 10% most deprived in the country. Comparatively, Blackburn with Darwen has 31% of its LSOAs in the top 10% (ranked 12th nationally) and Burnley has a third of its LSOAs in the top 10% (ranked 9th nationally).

LSOAs are effectively neighbourhoods ranging between 1,000 and 2,000 in population, with any number making up each ward in the borough.

Two LSOAs in the Southfield ward are the most deprived parts of the borough, followed by an LSOA in Waterside and all four LSOAs in Bradley.

14

Of the 16 Pendle LSOAs in the top 10% most deprived nationally, 12 have seen a fall in their ranking of deprivation (IMD score) since 2010. Indeed some LSOAs have experienced a significant change in levels of deprivation, relative to other areas across the country.

Pendle 007B in Southfield, whilst still the second most deprived neighbourhood in the borough, has seen its ranking fall from 101st in 2010 to 790th in 2015 (out of 32,844 LSOAs).

Pendle 011D in Whitefield has seen its IMD ranking fall from 534th in 2010 to 2,682nd in 2015.

IMD Rank (32,844 LSOAs) Score 1 = most deprived LSOA Ward 2015 2015 2010 Change Pendle 010F Southfield 64.13 598 1,244  Pendle 010E Southfield 61.577 790 101  Pendle 007B Waterside 58.567 1,060 684  Pendle 009A Bradley 52.342 1,828 2,296  Pendle 009D Bradley 51.938 1,890 649  Pendle 009B Bradley 51.735 1,928 919  Pendle 009C Bradley 49.788 2,265 1,554  Pendle 010D Southfield 48.765 2,459 2,681  Pendle 004C Horsfield 47.991 2,601 2,413  Pendle 011D Whitefield 47.575 2,682 534  Pendle 013F Reedley 46.84 2,817 2,809  Pendle 007A Waterside 46.511 2,883 1,422  Pendle 013B Brierfield 45.599 3,055 2,584  Pendle 010A Clover Hill 45.526 3,076 2,378  Pendle 010B Clover Hill 45.224 3,141 3,367  Pendle 011A Walverden 45.194 3,153 1,868  Indices of Deprivation, DCLG

15 4 Housing

4.1 Household spaces

According to the 2011 Census, there are 39,387 household spaces in Pendle. This number has risen from 38,456 in 2001.

Of the household spaces in Pendle, 95% have at least one resident living in them, 5% of the spaces are unoccupied/ vacant. Comparatively, 6.5% of household spaces were unoccupied in 2001, representing a reduction in real terms of 457 vacant household spaces over the last ten years.

North Household Spaces Pendle England West All Household Spaces 39,387 3,150,410 23,044,097 With at least one usual 94.8% 95.5% 95.7% resident With no usual residents 5.2% 4.5% 4.3% Census 2011

4.2 Household types

56% of households in Pendle live in terraced housing, more than double the national average of 25% and significantly higher than the regional averages.

Conversely, 13.1% of Pendle housing is detached which is nearly 10 percentage points below the national average.

North Household Type Pendle Lancashire England West All Households 37,300 496,300 3,009,600 22,063,400 Detached 13.1% 21.9% 17.7% 22.3% Semi-detached 22.9% 33.2% 35.7% 30.7% Terraced 56.1% 31.5% 30% 24.5% Flat: purpose-built block 5.9% 9.5% 13% 16.7% Flat: part of a converted house 0.9% 2.1% 2.4% 4.3% Flat: in a commercial building 1% 1% 1% 1.1% Caravan 0.2% 0.8% 0.3% 0.4% Census 2011

16 4.3 Household tenure

The table below highlights that Pendle has a slightly higher proportion of private rented properties compared with regional and national averages.

Home ownership is slightly below the county average but well above the national average.

Shared Social Private Living Owned ownership rented rented rent free Pendle 68.5% 0.2% 11.6% 18.1% 1.6% Lancashire 71.0% 0.5% 12.1% 15.1% 1.3% England 63.3% 0.8% 17.7% 16.8% 1.3% Census 2011

When split by wards across Pendle, the highest level of ownership can be found in Blacko and Higherford (88%).

Nearly a quarter of households in the Vivary Bridge ward are renting from social landlords (24%), closely followed by Bradley (22%).

Living Number of Shared Social Private Owned rent households ownership rented rented free Barrowford 2,289 76% 0.1% 7% 16% 1% Blacko and Higherford 784 88% 0.3% 1% 9% 3% Boulsworth 2,268 82% 0.2% 5% 12% 1% Bradley 2,451 51% 0.4% 22% 25% 2% Brierfield 1,892 72% 0.2% 8% 18% 3% Clover Hill 2,220 61% 0.4% 14% 22% 2% Coates 2,366 73% 0.3% 9% 17% 1% Craven 2,499 74% 0.0% 4% 20% 1% Earby 2,678 75% 0.2% 9% 15% 1% Foulridge 748 84% 0.1% 3% 12% 1% Higham and Pendleside 723 86% 0.3% 2% 11% 2% Horsfield 2,462 59% 0.3% 18% 20% 2% Marsden 1,496 64% 0.1% 20% 14% 1% Old Laund Booth 663 83% 0.0% 7% 9% 1% Reedley 1,964 84% 0.2% 7% 9% 1% Southfield 2,396 56% 0.3% 16% 26% 2% Vivary Bridge 2,413 60% 0.1% 24% 14% 1% Walverden 1,421 72% 0.1% 7% 19% 2% Waterside 2,409 55% 0.3% 16% 27% 1% Whitefield 1,206 65% 0.0% 8% 24% 3% Census 2011

17 4.4 Household size

The number of people in each household within Pendle is very similar to the averages in both the North West and England.

Nearly a third of households are single occupancy, with a further third occupied by two people.

4% of Pendle households consist of 6 or more people compared to 2% across the North West and England.

1 Person in Household 2 People in Household 3 People in Household 4 People in Household 5 People in Household 6 People or more in Household

Pendle 32% 33% 14% 11% 5% 4%

North West 32% 33% 16% 12% 4%2%

England 30% 34% 16% 13% 5% 2%

Census 2011

The chart overleaf represents the average household size and average number of rooms across the wards in Pendle. Where bars are closer together, this suggests a more crowded household than those with bars wider apart.

Average household sizes are fairly similar across Pendle, ranging from a low of 2 people per household in Horsfield to 2.7 in Reedley and Walverden.

Blacko and Higherford and Higham and Pendleside have the highest average number of rooms in Pendle, with Bradley and Horsfield having the lowest average.

Bradley has one of the highest average household sizes in Pendle but the lowest average number of rooms.

18 Average household size Average number of rooms

2.2 Barrowford 5.5 2.3 Blacko and Higherford 6.4 2.3 Boulsworth 5.7 2.6 Bradley 4.9 2.5 Brierfield 5.3 2.4 Clover Hill 5.1 2.3 Coates 5.4 2.2 Craven 5.3 2.3 Earby 5.6 2.2 Foulridge 6.1 2.3 Higham and Pendleside 6.5 2 Horsfield 4.9 2.3 Marsden 5.2 2.2 Old Laund Booth 6 2.7 Reedley 6 2.5 Southfield 5 2.4 Vivary Bridge 5.3 2.7 Walverden 5.3 2.1 Waterside 5 3.2 Whitefield 5.4

Census 2011

A greater proportion of households in Pendle have no central heating (6%) when compared to regionally and nationally (both 3%).

North Pendle England West All Household Spaces With At Least One Usual 37,348 3,009,549 22,063,368 Resident No Central Heating 6% 3% 3% Gas Central Heating 82% 83% 79% Electric Central Heating 4% 7% 8% Oil Central Heating 2% 2% 4% Solid Fuel Central Heating 1% 0% 1% Other Central Heating 1% 1% 2% Two or More Types of Central Heating 4% 4% 4% Census 2011

19 The highest proportion of households with no central heating across Pendle is in Whitefield, followed by Craven, Waterside and Coates.

Just 1.3% of Blacko and Higherford households have no central heating.

Barrowford 4.7% Blacko and Higherford 1.3% Boulsworth 4.5% Bradley 6.0% Brierfield 6.6% Clover Hill 7.0% Coates 8.2% Craven 8.4% Earby 5.5% Foulridge 3.3% Higham and Pendleside 2.2% Horsfield 6.7% Marsden 4.6% Old Laund Booth 2.9% Reedley 2.8% Southfield 7.6% Vivary Bridge 4.8% Walverden 5.8% Waterside 8.3% Whitefield 9.5%

Census 2011

4.5 House prices

The average price for a house in Pendle is significantly lower than both the Lancashire and England averages. In 2012 the average price of a house in Pendle was £109,123 whereas the Lancashire average is nearly £40,000 more at £148,281. The national average is more than double that of Pendle with the average cost of a house in England £242,494 (2012 data).

Average house prices in Pendle were at their highest in 2008, with the 2012 average more than £10,000 lower than the 2008 average of £119,526. Comparatively, the 2012 national average is 10% higher than the 2008 average.

20 250,000

200,000

150,000

100,000

50,000

0 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

Pendle Lancashire England

Land Registry data from CLG website

4.6 Council Tax bands

62% of households in Pendle were in Council Tax Band A in 2011, compared to 42% in the North West and 25% nationally.

100

90

80

70 Band H Band G 60 Band F 50 Band E Band D 40 Band C

30 Band B Band A 20

10

0 Pendle North West England

Valuation Office Agency (March 2011)

21 The average tax value for band D in Pendle for 2015/2016 is £1,624. The average council tax value per dwelling in the district though is considerably lower at £938.

Average Band D Average per dwelling

£1,630 Burnley £883

£1,585 Hyndburn £837

£1,624 Pendle £938

£1,511 Ribble Valley £1,308

£1,620 Rossendale £1,003

CLG Council Tax Averages, 2015/16

22 5 Education

5.1 Key Stage 4 / GCSEs

44.2% of pupils living in Pendle achieved 5 or more A* to C grades at GCSE or equivalent, including English and Maths, in 2013/14. This is the lowest of the 12 districts in Lancashire and over 10 percentage points lower than the Lancashire average.

The lowest proportion of children achieving this standard is in the Brierfield ward with 29.3%.

2013/14 District % Burnley 44.9 Chorley 60.3 Fylde 59.7 Hyndburn 46.9 Lancaster 58.8 Pendle 44.2 Preston 58.1 Ribble Valley 75.4 Rossendale 55.6 South Ribble 58.9 West Lancs 56.8 Wyre 63.8 Lancashire-12 56.8 Blackburn with Darwen 54.6 Blackpool 44.0 North West 55.8 England 53.4 LCC Quality and Continuous Improvement

When looking at the proportion of pupils achieving 5 or more A* to C grades at GCSE or equivalent, not necessarily including English and Maths, things begin to look more positive.

In 2012, 83% of Pendle pupils achieved at least 5 A* to C grades at GCSE or equivalent, compared to 81.8% nationally.

2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 Pendle 46.1 45.0 44.3 53.5 61.0 68.4 77.1 83.0 North West 53.9 56.6 60.3 65.4 71.0 77.7 82.2 84.2 England 56.3 59.0 61.4 65.3 70.0 75.4 79.5 81.8 Department for Education

23 5.2 Attainment and Free School Meals

Analysis of 2013/14 Key Stage 4 results reveals a significant difference in attainment levels between those pupils who were eligible for free school meals (FSM) and those who were not.

In Pendle, 26.3% of pupils receiving free school meals achieved five or more GCSEs A* to C including Maths and English, compared to 47.6% of those pupils not receiving free meals.

Pendle has the lowest gap in percentage points between FSM and non-FSM attainment of all the districts in Lancashire.

FSM Non FSM District Gap % pupils % pupils % Burnley 22.4 51.1 28.7 Chorley 22.2 63.6 41.4 Fylde 37.2 61.6 24.4 Hyndburn 27.3 50.3 23.0 Lancaster 29.3 63.7 34.4 Pendle 26.3 47.6 21.3 Preston 30.8 62.9 32.1 Ribble Valley 47.1 76.2 29.1 Rossendale 28.1 60.1 32.0 South Ribble 28.9 61.3 32.4 West Lancs 28.9 61.1 32.2 Wyre 39.3 66.8 27.5 Lancashire-12 28.4 60.8 32.4 Blackburn with Darwen 41.2 56.9 15.7 Blackpool 27.3 48.1 20.8 North West 31.1 60.7 29.6 England 33.7 60.7 27.0 QCI Learning Improvement Support Group, Lancashire County Council

5.3 Attainment and gender

In 2013/14, girls performed better than boys in GCSE examinations in every district.

In Pendle, 49.2% of female pupils achieved five or more GCSEs A* to C including Maths and English, compared to 39.9% of male pupils.

24 Females Males Gap District % % % Burnley 54.2 36.1 18.1 Chorley 63.7 57.0 6.7 Fylde 68.3 51.4 16.9 Hyndburn 50.6 42.6 8.0 Lancaster 64.3 54.0 10.3 Pendle 49.2 39.9 9.3 Preston 63.2 53.1 10.1 Ribble Valley 79.1 71.8 7.3 Rossendale 61.4 49.7 11.7 South Ribble 66.9 51.4 15.5 West Lancs 59.9 53.6 6.3 Wyre 69.5 58.6 10.9 Lancashire-12 62.2 51.6 10.6 Blackburn with Darwen 61.8 47.7 14.1 Blackpool 48.3 39.8 8.5 North west 61.5 50.4 11.1 England 62.0 51.9 10.1

5.4 Attainment and ethnicity

In Pendle, there is no difference in key stage 4 attainment levels between White British and Pakistani pupils. 44.4% achieved five or more A* to C grades including English and Maths in 2013/14.

White Pakistani Indian Bangladeshi District British % % % % Burnley 46.5 40.0 100.0 27.5 Chorley 60.3 60.0 66.7 50.0 Fylde 59.3 100.0 100.0 50.0 Hyndburn 49.0 33.0 - 33.3 Lancaster 58.0 66.7 92.3 - Pendle 44.4 44.4 50.0 50.0 Preston 55.0 52.6 77.1 100.0 Ribble Valley 75.6 100.0 - 100.0 Rossendale 54.9 53.8 - 50.0 South Ribble 59.2 100.0 83.3 - West Lancs 56.9 - - - Wyre 63.7 100.0 - - Lancashire County Council – School Effectiveness Service 2013/14

25 5.5 Attainment and Special Educational Needs

Key stage 4 attainment of children by special educational needs (SEN) status is lower than the overall attainment figures covered earlier.

Of the pupils in Pendle with School Action Plus, just 6.1% achieve five or more A* to C grades, including English and Maths, which is the lowest of all the districts in Lancashire.

District School Action School Action + Statements Burnley 11.2 19.5 10.9 Chorley 17.6 8.3 16.7 Fylde 41.0 29.4 17.2 Hyndburn 10.5 16.7 7.5 Lancaster 21.9 29.2 6.3 Pendle 20.2 6.1 7.7 Preston 26.6 37.1 6.6 Ribble Valley 41.7 44.4 10.0 Rossendale 25.6 9.5 12.0 South Ribble 12.3 21.2 12.5 West Lancs 20.4 20.7 8.8 Wyre 24.1 20.0 10.5 Lancashire County Council – School Effectiveness Service 2013/14

5.6 Attainment by secondary school

In most secondary schools across Pendle, the proportion of pupils achieving five or more A* to C grades (including English and Maths) fell between 2013 and 2014.

All secondary schools in Pendle fall below the national average of 53.4%.

5 A*-Cs (inc. Maths and English) 2011 2012 2013 2014 Colne Park High 54% 62% 60% 51% Colne Primet Academy N/A N/A 0% 35% Fishermore 64% 51% 64% 40% Marsden Heights 45% 43% 44% 39% Pendle Vale 50% 43% 44% 49% West Craven 50% 53% 59% 44% DfE Achievement and Attainment 2014

26 5.7 Qualifications of people of working age

Of the Pendle residents aged 16 to 64, nearly a quarter (23.9%) are qualified to NVQ level 4 or above. This is equivalent to a certificate of higher education.

65.3% of working age residents in Pendle are qualified to NVQ level 2 or above, which equates to GCSEs graded A* to C.

11.8% have no qualifications, which is higher than the national average.

Pendle North West Great Britain % % % NVQ4 and above 23.9 30.9 36.0 NVQ3 and above 50.6 52.7 56.7 NVQ2 and above 65.3 71.4 73.3 NVQ1 and above 79.6 83.4 85.0 Other qualifications 8.6 6.0 6.2 No qualifications 11.8 10.6 8.8 ONS Annual Population Survey 2014

27 6 Adult Health

6.1 Life expectancy

The latest life expectancy rates (2011/13) indicate that males in the borough will live on average 1.5 years less than the rest of the country. Females in the borough will live on average 1.3 years less than the rest of the country.

84 83 82 81 80 79 78 77 76 75 74 2003/05 2004/06 2005/07 2006/08 2007/09 2008/10 2009/11 2010/12 2011/13

Pendle - Male England - Male Pendle - Female England - Female

ONS (life expectancy rates at birth)

6.2 Lifestyle

According to the Active People Survey, 49.3% of adults in Pendle did at least 150 minutes of physical activity per week in 2013. This is down from 51.2% in 2012 and is lower than the 2013 national average of 56%.

Pendle England Eng Worst 56.0% 56.0% 51.2% 49.3% 43.8% 43.5%

2012 2013

Active People Survey

28 Around a quarter of adults in Pendle are classified as obese (Active People Survey, 2012). This is higher than the national average.

Pendle England Eng Worst

35.2% 30.7% 25.3% 24.3% 24.2% 23.0%

2006/08 est 2012

Active People Survey

In 2013, 21.5% of the Pendle adult population (aged 18 or over) were smokers. This is down from 27% in 2012, but still above the national average.

2003/05 2006/08 2009/10 2010/11 2011/12 2012 2013 Pendle 23.2% 26.1% 22.2% 24.9% 23.2% 27% 21.5% England 24.1% 22.2% 21.2% 20.7% 20% 19.5% 18.4% Eng Worst 40.9% 35.2% 34.7% 33.5% 29.4% 30.1% 30% Public Health Profile 2015

In 2013/14, 18% of pregnant women in Pendle were smokers at the time of delivery. This is higher than the national average of 12%, although the Pendle figure has been reducing since 2010.

45 40 35 30 25 20 15 10 5 0 2006/07 2007/08 2008/09 2009/10 2010/11 2011/12 2012/13 2013/14

Pendle England Eng Worst

Public Health Profile 2015

29 6.3 Causes of death

Of people under the age of 75, the mortality rate (per 100,000 population) for cancer is higher than cardiovascular disease. Indeed, the mortality rate for cancer has risen in Pendle between 2010/12 and 2011/13.

2010/12 2011/13

213 202.9

158.5 152 146 144.7 137 144.4

96.4 95.8 81.1 78.2

Pendle - England - Eng Worst - Pendle - cancer England - Eng Worst - cardiovascular cardiovascular cardiovascular cancer cancer

Public Health Profile 2015

In the 2011/13 period, the rate of smoking-related deaths per 100,000 population aged 35 or over was 351.3 which is higher than the national rate of 288.7.

The rate of smoking-related deaths in Pendle increased from 218 in 2008/10 to 354 in 2010/12.

500 450 400 350 300 250 200 150 100 50 0 2004/06 2005/07 2006/08 2007/09 2008/10 2009/11 2010/12 2011/13

Pendle England Eng Worst

Public Health Profile 2015

30 6.4 Older people

The rate of emergency admissions for hip fractures, per 100,000 population of people aged 65 or over, is lower in Pendle (556 per 100,000) than the national average (580 per 100,000).

900 800 700 600 500 400 300 200 100 0 2008/09 2009/10 2010/11 2011/12 2012/13 2013/14

Pendle England Eng Worst

Public Health Profile 2015

The ratio of excess winter deaths (observed winter deaths minus expected deaths based on non-winter deaths) is lower in Pendle than nationally and has been for the last 10 years.

Over the 2010/13 period, there was a ratio of 11 excess winter deaths to the average non-winter deaths, compared to a ratio of 17.4 across England.

40 35 30 25 20 15 10 5 0 2004/07 2005/08 2006/09 2007/10 2008/11 2009/12 2010/13

Pendle England Eng Worst

Public Health Profile 2015

31 7 Children’s and Young People’s Health

7.1 Infant mortality

The infant mortality rate is the number of deaths of infants under one year old per 1,000 live births. Over the 2011/13 period, Pendle has an infant mortality rate of 7.5 per 1,000 live births. This is higher than the national average of 4 and close to the worst rate in England (7.6). Indeed, looking at the line graph below, the Pendle line is closer to worst in England than it is the national average.

12

10

8

6

4

2

0 2003/05 2005/07 2006/08 2006/08 2008/10 2009/11 2010/12 2011/13

Pendle England Eng Worst

Public Health Profile 2015

7.2 Lifestyle

21.6% of year 6 school children in Pendle are obese, compared to 19.1% nationally.

35

30

25

20

15

10

5

0 2009/10 2010/11 2011/12 2012/13 2013/14

Pendle England Eng Worst

Public Health Profile 2015

32 The rate of under 18 year olds admitted to hospital due to alcohol-specific conditions (per 100,000 population) has reduced in Pendle over the last few years.

Over the 2009/12 period the rate of admissions in Pendle was 133.3 compared to 61.8 nationally, but in 2011/14 the gap has reduced with the Pendle rate at 50.1 and 40.1 nationally.

Pendle England Eng Worst

154.9 133.3 126.7 105.8

73.2 61.8 50.1 44.9 40.1

2009/12 2010/13 2011/14

Public Health Profile 2015

The under 18 conception rate per 1,000 females aged 15 to 17 in Pendle was 29.4 in 2013. This was higher than the national average of 24.3.

Caution should be applied when comparing conception rates over time as the data period changed from three yearly pooling to individual year reporting in 2012.

2004/06 2005/07 2006/08 2007/09 2008/10 2009/11 2012 2013 Pendle 50.4 47.1 44.1 45.7 48 46.5 23 29.4 England 41.1 41.2 40.9 40.2 38.1 34 27.7 24.3 Eng Worst 83.1 79.1 74.8 69.4 64.9 58.5 52 44 Public Health Profile 2015

33 8 Economy and Employment

8.1 Economic activity

Economically active people are defined as those who supply, or want to supply, their labour to produce goods and services within the production boundary. Pendle has a lower percentage of economically active people than the regional and national comparators.

North Great Pendle Pendle West Britain

(numbers) (%) (%) (%) All people Economically active 41,500 72.1 74.7 77.4

In employment 39,900 67.5 69.8 72.7 ~ Employees 33,200 58.3 60.6 62.2 ~ Self employed 5,800 9.2 8.7 10.1

Unemployed 2,500 6.1 6.4 6.0

ONS Annual Population Survey (Apr 14 to Mar 15)

When economic activity amongst 16-64 year olds in Pendle is compared over time, against the Great Britain average, there is clear evidence of fluctuating levels in the district.

79%

77%

75%

73%

71%

69%

67%

65% 04 to 05 to 06 to 07 to 08 to 09 to 10 to 11 to 12 to 13 to 14 to 05 06 07 08 09 10 11 12 13 14 15

Pendle Great Britain

ONS Annual Population Survey (Apr to Mar over time)

34 8.2 Employment by occupation

Of those residents in employment, less than 30% are in managerial and professional occupations, compared to over 44% of the working age population in Great Britain.

28% of Pendle’s working age population in employment are in machine operative or other elementary occupations, which is more than 10 percentage points higher than the national average.

Soc 2010 Pendle Pendle North West Great Occupational Groups (numbers) (%) (%) Britain (%) 1-3: managers, 11,400 29.2 40.7 44.3 professional and technical 4-5: administrative and 6,600 17.0 22.2 21.4 skilled trades 6-7: caring, leisure and 10,100 25.9 18.9 17.1 sales 8-9: machine operatives and elementary 10,900 27.9 18.2 17.2 occupations ONS Annual Population Survey (Apr 14 – Mar 15)

8.3 Employment jobs by industry

Manufacturing accounts for nearly a third of jobs in Pendle, considerably higher than the North West and Great Britain averages.

Pendle Pendle NW GB

Jobs % % % Primary Services (Agriculture, Mining) 0 0.0 0.1 0.4 Energy and Water 100 0.4 1.0 1.1 Manufacturing 9,900 31.7 10.3 8.5 Construction 1,400 4.5 4.5 4.5 Services 19,700 63.3 84.1 85.6 Wholesale and Retail 5,300 17.0 16.2 15.9 Transport Storage 600 1.8 4.5 4.5 Accommodation and Food Services 1,800 5.8 7.1 7.1 Information and Communication 1,200 4.0 2.7 4.1 Financial and Other Business Services 3,000 9.5 20.5 22.2 Public Admin, Education and Health 6,900 22.1 28.5 27.4 Other Services 1,000 3.1 4.5 4.4 ONS Business Register and Employment Survey (2014) (Exclusions include self-employed and farm-based agriculture)

35 8.4 Businesses

Of the 2,500 business enterprises in Pendle, 87% are classified as micro with between 0 and 9 employees. There are 10 large enterprises in the district, with at least 250 employees.

Pendle Pendle North West (Numbers) (%) (%) Enterprises Micro (0 to 9) 2,180 87.2 87.2 Small (10 to 49) 260 10.4 10.6 Medium (50 to 249) 50 2.0 1.8 Large (250+) 10 0.4 0.4 Total 2,500 Local Units Micro (0 to 9) 2,445 82.0 81.3 Small (10 to 49) 425 14.3 15.1 Medium (50 to 249) 95 3.2 3.1 Large (250+) 10 0.3 0.5 Total 2,980 ONS Inter Departmental Business Register (2014)

8.5 Job density

Job density represents the ratio of total jobs to the population aged 16-64 and is much lower in Pendle than the North West and Great Britain averages. In 2013, there was the equivalent of 61 jobs in the district for every 100 working age residents compared to 80 across Great Britain.

0.85

0.80

0.75

0.70

0.65

0.60

0.55

0.50 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013

Pendle NW GB

ONS Job Density (2000 to 2013)

36 8.6 Earnings

Gross weekly pay by residence indicates that earnings are lower in Pendle than elsewhere in the North West and Great Britain.

Gross Weekly Pay Pendle (£) North West (£) Great Britain (£) Full-time workers 460.8 484.6 520.8 ~ Male 467.7 521.3 561.5 ~ Female 449.5 436.0 463.0 ONS Annual Survey of Hours and Earnings (2014)

8.7 Out of work benefits

The Jobseeker’s Allowance (JSA) is payable to people under pensionable age who are available for, and actively seeking, work of at least 40 hours a week. In August 2015, 1.3% of Pendle’s 16-64 population were claiming jobseeker’s allowance, which is lower than the regional and national average.

Pendle Pendle North West Great Britain (Count) (%) (%) (%) All People 719 1.3 1.5 1.7 ~ Males 447 1.6 1.9 2.1 ~ Females 272 1.0 1.1 1.2 ONS Jobseeker’s Allowance (August 2015)

The graph shows the change in volume of JSA claimants in Pendle since January 2006. The level was at its highest in 2012, but has seen a steady decline since.

2,500

2,000

1,500

1,000

500

0 Jan-06 Jan-07 Jan-08 Jan-09 Jan-10 Jan-11 Jan-12 Jan-13 Jan-14 Jan-15 Sep-06 Sep-07 Sep-08 Sep-09 Sep-10 Sep-11 Sep-12 Sep-13 Sep-14 May-06 May-07 May-08 May-09 May-10 May-11 May-12 May-13 May-14 May-15 ONS Jobseeker’s Allowance (2006 to 2015)

37 Analysis of economic activity and inactivity across the wards in Pendle reveals a mixed picture. Based on residents aged between 16 and 74, Foulridge has the highest proportion of people in work (70%).

Whitefield has the highest level of unemployed residents looking for work (8%) as well as the greatest level of economic inactivity (47%). Economic inactivity covers people who are retired, have a disability or long-term illness or looking after the home or family.

In work Unemployed Full-time students Economically inactive (retired, disability, etc)

Barrowford 68% 2%3% 27%

Blacko and Higherford 66% 3% 3% 29%

Boulsworth 69% 2% 3% 26%

Bradley 46% 7% 3% 43%

Brierfield 48% 6% 3% 42%

Clover Hill 53% 6% 3% 38%

Coates 67% 4%3% 27%

Craven 65% 3% 3% 29%

Earby 65% 3% 3% 29%

Foulridge 70% 2% 3% 25%

Higham and Pendleside 68% 2% 2% 28%

Horsfield 62% 5% 3% 30%

Marsden 58% 5% 3% 34%

Old Laund Booth 66% 2% 2% 31%

Reedley 55% 3% 3% 39%

Southfield 51% 7% 3% 39%

Vivary Bridge 60% 6% 3% 32%

Walverden 52% 6% 3% 39%

Waterside 59% 5% 3% 33%

Whitefield 43% 8% 3% 47%

Pendle 59% 5% 3% 34%

North West 60% 5% 4% 32%

England 62% 4% 3% 30%

Economic activity, Census 2011 (residents aged 16 to 74)

38 9 Community Safety

9.1 Total recorded crimes

The total recorded crime rate in Pendle (August 2014 to July 2015) is lower than the Lancashire average, as are calls to the various emergency services.

Pendle Lancashire (Rate per 1,000) (Rate per 1,000) Calls to the Police 317.1 354.3 Calls to the Ambulance Service 130.9 146.4 Calls to the Fire & Rescue Service 7.9 9.2 Total Recorded Crime 54.3 63.0 Lancashire MADE Crime Database 2014/15

The highest total recorded crime rate across Pendle is in Waterside where there were 106 recorded crimes for every 1,000 people in the ward between August 2014 and July 2015. There is considerable variation across the wards in Pendle with the lowest crime rate being 15.6 in Blacko and Higherford.

Barrowford 29.7 Blacko and Higherford 15.6 Boulsworth 27.6 Bradley 78.4 Brierfield 65.2 Clover Hill 64.9 Coates 21.1 Craven 25.4 Earby 25.1 Foulridge 29.7 Higham and Pendleside 25.6 Horsefield 78.8 Marsden 57.6 Old Laund Booth 33.6 Reedley 42 Southfield 85.8 Vivary Bridge 53.9 Walverden 64.7 Waterside 106.2 Whitefield 89.5

Lancashire MADE Crime Database 2014/15

39 9.2 Types of crime

Looking at different types of crime, the rate of calls to the police about anti-social behaviour is lower in Pendle than the county average. The rate of domestic burglaries is slightly higher in Pendle.

Pendle Lancashire (Rate per 1,000) (Rate per 1,000) Violence Against The Person 12.5 16.2 Calls to the Police about Domestic Violence 12.2 12.5 Calls to the Ambulance Service where violence involved 1.2 1.4 All Drug Offences 1.9 1.9 Numbers Killed or Serious Injured on the Roads 0.2 0.3 Serious Acquisitive Crime 9.7 8.6 Robbery 0.2 0.4 All Burglary 19.2 19.2 Domestic Burglaries 8.8 7.8 All Vehicle Crime 6.9 6 Theft of a Vehicle 1.3 1.3 Theft from a Vehicle 4.5 3.7 All Criminal Damage 9.1 10.6 Deliberate Fires 1.3 1.5 Deliberate Vehicle Fires 0 0 Calls to the Police about ASB 48.2 53.2 Lancashire MADE Crime Database 2014/15

9.3 Perceptions of anti-social behaviour

The Pendle Perception Survey, undertaken every two years, asks residents whether a range of anti-social behaviours are a problem in their local area. Both drunk and rowdy behaviour and drug use appear to be considered less of a problem than in the past.

2008 2010 2012 2014 % who believe drunk and rowdy 40% 22% 20% 15% behaviour is a problem in their area % who think drug use and drug dealing is 46% 33% 34% 30% a problem in their area Place Survey (2008), Perception Survey (2010, 2012 and 2014)

40 10 Transport and the Environment

10.1 Car ownership

The figures show that the number of households with one car is above both the county, regional and national averages.

However, the percentage of Pendle households with more than one car is below the Lancashire and England averages.

Approximately 27% of households in Pendle have no car, which is down from 29.6% in the 2001 Census.

% of households with number of cars All Households and vans 0 1 2 3 4+ Pendle 37,348 26.8 44.8 22.2 4.6 1.5 Lancashire 496,299 22.9 43.5 26.3 5.6 1.8 North West 3,009,549 28.0 42.5 23.5 4.6 1.4 England 22,063,368 25.8 42.2 24.7 5.5 1.9 Census 2011

10.2 Road traffic collisions

The chart below shows the number of people killed or seriously injured in a Road Traffic Collision in Pendle between 2001 and 2013. The number has dropped significantly since 2001.

69

54 47 43 41 42 36 36 32

2001 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013

Department for Transport: Accidents and Casualties

41 The rate of people killed or seriously injured in a Road Traffic Collision (per 1,000 population) enables a comparison to be made with other areas.

Ribble Valley 0.74 Wyre 0.68 Chorley 0.65 Lancaster 0.64 Fylde 0.63 West Lancashire 0.63 Lancashire (12 districts) 0.55 Lancashire (14 authorities) 0.54 South Ribble 0.51 Blackpool 0.51 Rossendale 0.5 Blackburn with Darwen 0.5 Hyndburn 0.46 Burnley 0.4 Pendle 0.4 Preston 0.38 North West 0.38 England 0.36

Department of Transport 2013

10.3 Emissions

Transport emissions in Pendle continue to reduce, although industrial and commercial emissions increased between 2011 and 2012.

Industry Per Capita and Domestic Transport Grand Year Emissions Commercial Total Total Total (t) Total 2005 255.1 241.2 133.4 632.5 7.2 2006 258.5 237.7 132.1 630.9 7.1 2007 246.0 231.3 136.5 616.3 6.9 2008 229.4 230.4 128.3 590.4 6.6 2009 199.7 208.8 124.1 535.0 6.0 2010 218.0 222.5 121.9 564.7 6.3 2011 183.2 197.5 119.0 502.1 5.6 2012 222.9 214.5 116.5 556.4 6.2 DECC 2012

42 10.4 Household waste

The level of household waste per household in Pendle is lower than the regional and national averages. In 2013/14, an average of 525kg of waste was collected from each household in Pendle, compared to 555kg across England.

The proportion of household waste in Pendle sent for reuse, recycling or composting was lower than regionally and nationally, although so were all district authorities in East Lancashire. Rates range from 32.1% in Rossendale to 37.6% in Ribble Valley.

% of household waste Residual household sent for reuse, waste per household recycling or (kg/ household) composting Pendle 525 36.7% North West 530 45.6% England 555 43.5% DEFRA 2013/14

43